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ОС","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fsystem-programming-windows\u002Fwindows-hooks-services","01.csharp\u002F07.system-programming-windows\u002F20.windows-hooks-services",{"title":376,"path":377,"stem":378},"Системне Програмування C# (Windows) — 07.system-programming-windows","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fsystem-programming-windows\u002Fimplementation_plan","01.csharp\u002F07.system-programming-windows\u002Fimplementation_plan",{"title":380,"icon":132,"path":381,"stem":382,"children":383,"page":59},"Io","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fio","01.csharp\u002F08.io",[384,388,392,396,400],{"title":385,"path":386,"stem":387},"8.1.1. Основи роботи з файловою системою","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fio\u002Ffile-system-basics","01.csharp\u002F08.io\u002F01.file-system-basics",{"title":389,"path":390,"stem":391},"8.1.2. Потоки (Streams) та Серіалізація Даних","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fio\u002Fstreams-serialization","01.csharp\u002F08.io\u002F02.streams-serialization",{"title":393,"path":394,"stem":395},"8.2.1. JSON Serialization з System.Text.Json","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fio\u002Fjson-serialization","01.csharp\u002F08.io\u002F03.json-serialization",{"title":397,"path":398,"stem":399},"8.2.2. XML Serialization та LINQ to XML","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fio\u002Fxml-serialization","01.csharp\u002F08.io\u002F04.xml-serialization",{"title":401,"path":402,"stem":403},"8.2.3. Binary Serialization: MessagePack та Protocol Buffers","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fio\u002Fbinary-serialization","01.csharp\u002F08.io\u002F05.binary-serialization",{"title":405,"icon":132,"path":406,"stem":407,"children":408,"page":59},"Ado Net","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fado-net","01.csharp\u002F09.ado-net",[409,413,417,421,425,429,433,437,441,445,449,453],{"title":410,"path":411,"stem":412},"9.1. Введення в ADO.NET","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fado-net\u002Fintroduction-to-adonet","01.csharp\u002F09.ado-net\u002F01.introduction-to-adonet",{"title":414,"path":415,"stem":416},"9.2. Клас DbConnection — з'єднання з базою даних","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fado-net\u002Fconnection","01.csharp\u002F09.ado-net\u002F02.connection",{"title":418,"path":419,"stem":420},"9.3. Клас DbCommand — виконання SQL-запитів","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fado-net\u002Fcommand-and-queries","01.csharp\u002F09.ado-net\u002F03.command-and-queries",{"title":422,"path":423,"stem":424},"9.4. Клас DbDataReader — ефективне читання даних","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fado-net\u002Fdatareader","01.csharp\u002F09.ado-net\u002F04.datareader",{"title":426,"path":427,"stem":428},"9.5. Параметризовані запити та захист від SQL Injection","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fado-net\u002Fparameters-and-sql-injection","01.csharp\u002F09.ado-net\u002F05.parameters-and-sql-injection",{"title":430,"path":431,"stem":432},"9.6. Транзакції в ADO.NET","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fado-net\u002Ftransactions","01.csharp\u002F09.ado-net\u002F06.transactions",{"title":434,"path":435,"stem":436},"9.7. DbProviderFactory — провайдер-незалежний код","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fado-net\u002Fprovider-factory","01.csharp\u002F09.ado-net\u002F07.provider-factory",{"title":438,"path":439,"stem":440},"9.8. Асинхронний доступ до даних","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fado-net\u002Fasync-data-access","01.csharp\u002F09.ado-net\u002F08.async-data-access",{"title":442,"path":443,"stem":444},"9.9. Від'єднаний режим: DataSet, DataTable, DataRow","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fado-net\u002Fdisconnected-mode-dataset","01.csharp\u002F09.ado-net\u002F09.disconnected-mode-dataset",{"title":446,"path":447,"stem":448},"9.10. DataAdapter — міст між DataSet та базою даних","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fado-net\u002Fdata-adapter","01.csharp\u002F09.ado-net\u002F10.data-adapter",{"title":450,"path":451,"stem":452},"9.11. Data Mapper та Repository: Архітектура доступу до даних","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fado-net\u002Fdata-mapper-repository","01.csharp\u002F09.ado-net\u002F11.data-mapper-repository",{"title":454,"path":455,"stem":456},"9.12. Identity Map, Unit of Work та Specification Pattern","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fado-net\u002Fadvanced-patterns","01.csharp\u002F09.ado-net\u002F12.advanced-patterns",{"title":458,"icon":255,"path":459,"stem":460,"children":461,"page":59},"Ef Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core",[462,466,470,474,478,482,486,490,494,498,502,506,510,514,518,522,526,532,538,542,546,550,554,558,562,566,570,574,578,582,586,590,594,598,602,606,610,614,618,622,626,630,634,638,642,646],{"title":463,"path":464,"stem":465},"Що таке ORM? Від SQL до об'єктів","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fwhat-is-orm","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F01.what-is-orm",{"title":467,"path":468,"stem":469},"Перший проєкт — від нуля до CRUD","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Ffirst-project","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F02.first-project",{"title":471,"path":472,"stem":473},"DbContext — Серце EF Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fdbcontext-deep-dive","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F03.dbcontext-deep-dive",{"title":475,"path":476,"stem":477},"Провайдери баз даних — Архітектура та Вибір СУБД","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fdatabase-providers","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F04.database-providers",{"title":479,"path":480,"stem":481},"Конвенції EF Core — Магія без конфігурації","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fconventions","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F05.conventions",{"title":483,"path":484,"stem":485},"Fluent API та Data Annotations — Явна конфігурація моделі","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Ffluent-api-vs-annotations","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F06.fluent-api-vs-annotations",{"title":487,"path":488,"stem":489},"Зв'язки — One-to-One та One-to-Many","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Frelationships-basics","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F07.relationships-basics",{"title":491,"path":492,"stem":493},"Зв'язки Advanced — Many-to-Many та Складні Сценарії","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Frelationships-advanced","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F08.relationships-advanced",{"title":495,"path":496,"stem":497},"Властивості — Типи, Конвертери, Компаратори (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fproperty-configuration-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F09.property-configuration-part1",{"title":499,"path":500,"stem":501},"Властивості — Value Comparers, Generators, Shadow Properties (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fproperty-configuration-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F09.property-configuration-part2",{"title":503,"path":504,"stem":505},"Складні типи — Owned Types та Complex Types (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fcomplex-types-owned-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F10.complex-types-owned-part1",{"title":507,"path":508,"stem":509},"Складні типи — Complex Types, Keyless Entities, Порівняння (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fcomplex-types-owned-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F10.complex-types-owned-part2",{"title":511,"path":512,"stem":513},"JSON Columns — Складні дані у JSON (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fjson-columns-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F11.json-columns-part1",{"title":515,"path":516,"stem":517},"JSON Columns — Value Comparers, Індекси, Провайдери (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fjson-columns-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F11.json-columns-part2",{"title":519,"path":520,"stem":521},"Успадкування — Абстрактні класи та TPH (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Finheritance-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F12.inheritance-part1",{"title":523,"path":524,"stem":525},"Успадкування — TPT, TPC та Порівняння Стратегій (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Finheritance-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F12.inheritance-part2",{"title":527,"path":528,"stem":529,"children":530},"Індекси, Обмеження та Схема (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Findexes-constraints-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F13.indexes-constraints-part1",[531],{"title":527,"path":528,"stem":529},{"title":533,"path":534,"stem":535,"children":536},"Індекси, Обмеження та Схема (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Findexes-constraints-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F13.indexes-constraints-part2",[537],{"title":533,"path":534,"stem":535},{"title":539,"path":540,"stem":541},"Seed Data — Початкові Дані (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fseeding-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F14.seeding-part1",{"title":543,"path":544,"stem":545},"Seed Data — SQL-скрипти, Bogus та Стратегії (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fseeding-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F14.seeding-part2",{"title":547,"path":548,"stem":549},"Global Query Filters — Глобальні Фільтри (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fglobal-query-filters-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F15.global-query-filters-part1",{"title":551,"path":552,"stem":553},"Global Query Filters — Підводні камені та Інтеграція (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fglobal-query-filters-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F15.global-query-filters-part2",{"title":555,"path":556,"stem":557},"LINQ-запити в EF Core (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Flinq-queries-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F16.linq-queries-part1",{"title":559,"path":560,"stem":561},"LINQ-запити в EF Core (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Flinq-queries-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F16.linq-queries-part2",{"title":563,"path":564,"stem":565},"Завантаження Пов'язаних Даних (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Floading-related-data-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F17.loading-related-data-part1",{"title":567,"path":568,"stem":569},"Завантаження Пов'язаних Даних (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Floading-related-data-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F17.loading-related-data-part2",{"title":571,"path":572,"stem":573},"Raw SQL, Views та Stored Procedures (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fraw-sql-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F18.raw-sql-part1",{"title":575,"path":576,"stem":577},"Raw SQL — Stored Procedures, DbFunction та Bulk Operations (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fraw-sql-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F18.raw-sql-part2",{"title":579,"path":580,"stem":581},"Продвинуті Запити — Compiled Queries, Bulk та Оптимізація (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fadvanced-queries-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F19.advanced-queries-part1",{"title":583,"path":584,"stem":585},"Продвинуті Запити — Query Tags, Bulk та Interceptors (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fadvanced-queries-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F19.advanced-queries-part2",{"title":587,"path":588,"stem":589},"Change Tracker — Відстеження Змін (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fchange-tracking-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F20.change-tracking-part1",{"title":591,"path":592,"stem":593},"Change Tracker — Графи Об'єктів та Disconnected (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fchange-tracking-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F20.change-tracking-part2",{"title":595,"path":596,"stem":597},"Збереження Даних та Транзакції (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fsaving-data-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F21.saving-data-part1",{"title":599,"path":600,"stem":601},"Збереження Даних — Concurrency та Outbox (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fsaving-data-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F21.saving-data-part2",{"title":603,"path":604,"stem":605},"Конкурентність та Блокування (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fconcurrency-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F22.concurrency-part1",{"title":607,"path":608,"stem":609},"Конкурентність — Дедлоки та Queue Processing (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fconcurrency-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F22.concurrency-part2",{"title":611,"path":612,"stem":613},"Міграції в EF Core — Основи (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fmigrations-basics-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F23.migrations-basics-part1",{"title":615,"path":616,"stem":617},"Міграції в EF Core — Основи (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fmigrations-basics-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F23.migrations-basics-part2",{"title":619,"path":620,"stem":621},"Міграції — Просунуті Сценарії (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fmigrations-advanced-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F24.migrations-advanced-part1",{"title":623,"path":624,"stem":625},"Міграції — Просунуті Сценарії (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fmigrations-advanced-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F24.migrations-advanced-part2",{"title":627,"path":628,"stem":629},"Управління Схемою та Database-First (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fschema-management-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F25.schema-management-part1",{"title":631,"path":632,"stem":633},"Управління Схемою та Database-First (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fschema-management-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F25.schema-management-part2",{"title":635,"path":636,"stem":637},"Продуктивність EF Core — Основи (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fperformance-fundamentals-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F26.performance-fundamentals-part1",{"title":639,"path":640,"stem":641},"Interceptors в EF Core (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Finterceptors-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F29.interceptors-part1",{"title":643,"path":644,"stem":645},"Interceptors в EF Core — Connection, Transaction та Materialization (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Finterceptors-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F29.interceptors-part2",{"title":647,"path":648,"stem":649},"План вивчення Entity Framework Core — Повний курс","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fimplementation_plan","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002Fimplementation_plan",{"title":651,"icon":652,"path":653,"stem":654,"children":655,"page":59},"ASP.NET","i-devicon-dotnetcore","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet",[656,730,791,869,927,941,967,1057,1111,1182,1212,1289,1346],{"title":657,"icon":658,"path":659,"stem":660,"children":661,"page":59},"Minimal API","i-lucide-network","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api",[662,666,670,674,678,682,686,690,694,698,702,706,710,714,718,722,726],{"title":663,"path":664,"stem":665},"Вступ до ASP.NET та еволюція фреймворку","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Fintroduction","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F01.introduction",{"title":667,"path":668,"stem":669},"Перший додаток на ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Ffirst-application","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F02.first-application",{"title":671,"path":672,"stem":673},"WebApplication, Builder та Dependency Injection","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Fwebapplication-builder","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F03.webapplication-builder",{"title":675,"path":676,"stem":677},"Конвеєр запитів та Middleware","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Frequest-pipeline-middleware","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F04.request-pipeline-middleware",{"title":679,"path":680,"stem":681},"Маршрутизація в ASP.NET Core: Основи","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Frouting-basics","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F05.routing-basics",{"title":683,"path":684,"stem":685},"Маршрутизація в ASP.NET Core: Розширені можливості","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Frouting-advanced","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F06.routing-advanced",{"title":687,"path":688,"stem":689},"Статичні файли в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Fstatic-files","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F07.static-files",{"title":691,"path":692,"stem":693},"Статичні Активи: MapStaticAssets (ASP.NET Core 9.0)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Fstatic-assets","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F08.static-assets",{"title":695,"path":696,"stem":697},"Конфігурація в ASP.NET Core: Основи","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Fconfiguration-fundamentals","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F09.configuration-fundamentals",{"title":699,"path":700,"stem":701},"Конфігурація: Паттерн Options","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Fconfiguration-options","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F10.configuration-options",{"title":703,"path":704,"stem":705},"Логування в ASP.NET Core: Основи","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Flogging-basics","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F11.logging-basics",{"title":707,"path":708,"stem":709},"Логування: Serilog та Middleware","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Flogging-advanced","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F12.logging-advanced",{"title":711,"path":712,"stem":713},"Управління станом: HttpContext.Items та Cookies","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Fstate-management","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F13.state-management",{"title":715,"path":716,"stem":717},"Стан сесії: Sessions","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Fsession-state","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F14.session-state",{"title":719,"path":720,"stem":721},"Структура проєкту: від хаосу до архітектури","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Fproject-structure","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F15.project-structure",{"title":723,"path":724,"stem":725},"Scalar у Minimal API: повний проєкт і Fluent OpenAPI","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Fscalar-openapi-fluent","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F16.scalar-openapi-fluent",{"title":727,"path":728,"stem":729},"Swagger \u002F Swashbuckle у Minimal API: окремий класичний шлях","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Fswagger-swashbuckle","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F17.swagger-swashbuckle",{"title":731,"icon":658,"path":732,"stem":733,"children":734,"page":59},"API","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api",[735,739,743,747,751,755,759,763,767,771,775,779,783,787],{"title":736,"path":737,"stem":738},"Що таке API. Клієнт-серверна архітектура","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Fwhat-is-api","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F01.what-is-api",{"title":740,"path":741,"stem":742},"Формати даних: JSON, XML, TOML та бінарні формати","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Fdata-formats","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F02.data-formats",{"title":744,"path":745,"stem":746},"Парадигми API та концепція REST","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Fapi-paradigms-rest","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F03.api-paradigms-rest",{"title":748,"path":749,"stem":750},"HTTP-методи, статус-коди та заголовки","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Fhttp-methods-status-codes","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F04.http-methods-status-codes",{"title":752,"path":753,"stem":754},"Організація HTTP API за принципами REST","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Frest-organizing","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F05.rest-organizing",{"title":756,"path":757,"stem":758},"Номенклатура URL та CRUD-операції","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Furl-nomenclature-crud","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F06.url-nomenclature-crud",{"title":760,"path":761,"stem":762},"Правила дизайну: іменування та стандарти","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Fapi-design-naming","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F07.api-design-naming",{"title":764,"path":765,"stem":766},"Валідація, ліміти та обробка помилок","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Fapi-design-validation","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F08.api-design-validation",{"title":768,"path":769,"stem":770},"Обробка помилок у Minimal API","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Ferror-handling-http","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F09.error-handling-http",{"title":772,"path":773,"stem":774},"Ідемпотентність та синхронізація стану","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Fidempotency-sync","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F10.idempotency-sync",{"title":776,"path":777,"stem":778},"Пагінація та організація списків","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Fpagination-lists","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F11.pagination-lists",{"title":780,"path":781,"stem":782},"Безпека API, кешування та інтернаціоналізація","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Fsecurity-auth","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F12.security-auth",{"title":784,"path":785,"stem":786},"Процес проєктування API та документування","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Fapi-design-process","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F13.api-design-process",{"title":788,"path":789,"stem":790},"OpenAPI: контракт, специфікація та документація API","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Fopenapi","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F14.openapi",{"title":792,"icon":793,"path":794,"stem":795,"children":796,"page":59},"Auth","i-lucide-shield-check","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth",[797,801,805,809,813,817,821,825,829,833,837,841,845,849,853,857,861,865],{"title":798,"path":799,"stem":800},"Основи аутентифікації та авторизації","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Fauth-fundamentals","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F01.auth-fundamentals",{"title":802,"path":803,"stem":804},"JWT-аутентифікація","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Fjwt-authentication","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F02.jwt-authentication",{"title":806,"path":807,"stem":808},"Авторизація: ролі, політики та resource-based доступ","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Fauthorization-policies","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F03.authorization-policies",{"title":810,"path":811,"stem":812},"Cookie-аутентифікація та ASP.NET Core Identity","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Fcookie-auth-identity","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F04.cookie-auth-identity",{"title":814,"path":815,"stem":816},"JWT + Refresh Tokens (HttpOnly Cookie)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002F04b.identity-auth-jwt","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F04b.identity-auth-jwt",{"title":818,"path":819,"stem":820},"Identity: Підтвердження Email та Скидання Пароля","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Fidentity-email-confirmation","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F05.identity-email-confirmation",{"title":822,"path":823,"stem":824},"Identity: Двофакторна Аутентифікація (2FA)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Fidentity-two-factor","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F06.identity-two-factor",{"title":826,"path":827,"stem":828},"Identity: Внутрішня Архітектура та Кастомізація","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Fidentity-internals","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F07.identity-internals",{"title":830,"path":831,"stem":832},"OAuth 2.0 та зовнішні провайдери","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Foauth-external-providers","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F08.oauth-external-providers",{"title":834,"path":835,"stem":836},"Безпека на практиці: CORS, HTTPS та захист від атак","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Fsecurity-hardening","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F09.security-hardening",{"title":838,"path":839,"stem":840},"Теорія OAuth 2.0: Поняття, Аналогії та Флоу","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Foauth-theory","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F10.oauth-theory",{"title":842,"path":843,"stem":844},"OIDC, OAuth 2.0 та Keycloak в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Foidc-keycloak","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F10.oidc-keycloak",{"title":846,"path":847,"stem":848},"API Keys аутентифікація в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Fapi-keys","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F11.api-keys",{"title":850,"path":851,"stem":852},"Rate Limiting та Throttling в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Frate-limiting","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F12.rate-limiting",{"title":854,"path":855,"stem":856},"Refresh Token Rotation в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Frefresh-token-rotation","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F13.refresh-token-rotation",{"title":858,"path":859,"stem":860},"Certificate Authentication та mTLS в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Fcertificate-auth","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F14.certificate-auth",{"title":862,"path":863,"stem":864},"RBAC, ABAC та ReBAC в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Frbac-abac-rebac","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F15.rbac-abac-rebac",{"title":866,"path":867,"stem":868},"Multi-tenancy та ізоляція даних в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Fmulti-tenancy","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F16.multi-tenancy",{"title":870,"icon":871,"path":872,"stem":873,"children":874,"page":59},"Нотифікації","i-lucide-bell","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications",[875,879,883,887,891,895,899,903,907,911,915,919,923],{"title":876,"path":877,"stem":878},"In-App нотифікації через базу даних","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications\u002Fin-app-database-notifications","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications\u002F01.in-app-database-notifications",{"title":880,"path":881,"stem":882},"Polling: Регулярний запит оновлень","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications\u002Fpolling","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications\u002F02.polling",{"title":884,"path":885,"stem":886},"Server-Sent Events: Однострімовий push від сервера","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications\u002Fserver-sent-events","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications\u002F03.server-sent-events",{"title":888,"path":889,"stem":890},"WebSockets: Двостороннє з'єднання в реальному часі","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications\u002Fwebsockets","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications\u002F04.websockets",{"title":892,"path":893,"stem":894},"SignalR: Абстракція над транспортами реального часу","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications\u002Fsignalr","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications\u002F05.signalr",{"title":896,"path":897,"stem":898},"Background Services: Фонові задачі в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications\u002Fbackground-services","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications\u002F06.background-services",{"title":900,"path":901,"stem":902},"Web Push нотифікації","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications\u002Fweb-push","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications\u002F07.web-push",{"title":904,"path":905,"stem":906},"Email нотифікації","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications\u002Femail-notifications","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications\u002F08.email-notifications",{"title":908,"path":909,"stem":910},"Порівняння підходів: Як вибрати правильну технологію нотифікацій","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications\u002Fchoosing-the-right-approach","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications\u002F09.choosing-the-right-approach",{"title":912,"path":913,"stem":914},"Hangfire: Надійне планування фонових задач","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications\u002Fhangfire","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications\u002F10.hangfire",{"title":916,"path":917,"stem":918},"Практика: Конвертація зображень у WebP через Hangfire","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications\u002Fhangfire-image-webp","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications\u002F11.hangfire-image-webp",{"title":920,"path":921,"stem":922},"Практика: Підготовка відео до HLS-стрімінгу через Hangfire","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications\u002Fhangfire-video-hls","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications\u002F12.hangfire-video-hls",{"title":924,"path":925,"stem":926},"Telegram-нотифікації: від одного повідомлення до масових розсилок і мульти-канального підходу","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications\u002Ftelegram-notifications","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications\u002F13.telegram-notifications",{"title":928,"icon":929,"path":930,"stem":931,"children":932,"page":59},"Інтернаціоналізація","i-lucide-languages","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fi18n","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F05.i18n",[933,937],{"title":934,"path":935,"stem":936},"Інтернаціоналізація (i18n) у Minimal API: від A до Я","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fi18n\u002Finternationalization","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F05.i18n\u002F01.internationalization",{"title":938,"path":939,"stem":940},"Humanizer: людиномовні рядки у .NET","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fi18n\u002Fhumanizer","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F05.i18n\u002F02.humanizer",{"title":942,"icon":943,"path":944,"stem":945,"children":946,"page":59},"Кешування","i-lucide-layers","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fcaching","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F06.caching",[947,951,955,959,963],{"title":948,"path":949,"stem":950},"Огляд кешування: чотири рівні і коли що обирати","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fcaching\u002Fcaching","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F06.caching\u002F01.caching",{"title":952,"path":953,"stem":954},"IMemoryCache: кеш в оперативній пам'яті","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fcaching\u002Fmemory-cache","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F06.caching\u002F02.memory-cache",{"title":956,"path":957,"stem":958},"IDistributedCache і Redis: розподілений кеш","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fcaching\u002Fdistributed-cache","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F06.caching\u002F03.distributed-cache",{"title":960,"path":961,"stem":962},"Response Cache: HTTP-кешування через Cache-Control","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fcaching\u002Fresponse-cache","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F06.caching\u002F04.response-cache",{"title":964,"path":965,"stem":966},"Output Cache: серверний кеш HTTP-відповідей (.NET 7+)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fcaching\u002Foutput-cache","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F06.caching\u002F05.output-cache",{"title":968,"icon":969,"path":970,"stem":971,"children":972,"page":59},"Тестування","i-lucide-test-tube","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing",[973,977,981,985,989,993,997,1001,1005,1009,1013,1017,1021,1025,1029,1033,1037,1041,1045,1049,1053],{"title":974,"path":975,"stem":976},"Що таке тестування? Від інтуїції до науки","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fwhat-is-testing","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F01.what-is-testing",{"title":978,"path":979,"stem":980},"Піраміда тестування — Стратегія, а не Догма","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Ftesting-pyramid","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F02.testing-pyramid",{"title":982,"path":983,"stem":984},"Дві Школи Тестування — Лондон проти Детройту","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Ftesting-schools","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F03.testing-schools",{"title":986,"path":987,"stem":988},"TDD та BDD — Тести як Дизайн-інструмент","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Ftdd-and-bdd","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F04.tdd-and-bdd",{"title":990,"path":991,"stem":992},"Що саме тестувати — Техніки аналізу та Циклomatична складність","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fwhat-to-test","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F05.what-to-test",{"title":994,"path":995,"stem":996},"Тестові Фреймворки — Навіщо вони і що всередині","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Ftest-frameworks","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F06.test-frameworks",{"title":998,"path":999,"stem":1000},"xUnit — Факти, Теорії та Lifecycle тестів","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fxunit-basics","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F07.xunit-basics",{"title":1002,"path":1003,"stem":1004},"xUnit Advanced — Fixtures, Кастомізація та Розширення","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fxunit-advanced","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F08.xunit-advanced",{"title":1006,"path":1007,"stem":1008},"Moq — Глибоке занурення в мокування","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fmocking-with-moq","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F09.mocking-with-moq",{"title":1010,"path":1011,"stem":1012},"Тестування Баз Даних — EF Core, SQLite та Testcontainers","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fdatabase-testing","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F10.database-testing",{"title":1014,"path":1015,"stem":1016},"Integration Testing — Частина 1 [Теорія та WebApplicationFactory]","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fintegration-testing","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F11.integration-testing",{"title":1018,"path":1019,"stem":1020},"Інтеграційне тестування — Практика","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002F11a.integration-testing-practice","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F11a.integration-testing-practice",{"title":1022,"path":1023,"stem":1024},"Integration Testing — Частина 2 [Просунуті Сценарії та Testcontainers]","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fintegration-testing-advanced","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F12.integration-testing-advanced",{"title":1026,"path":1027,"stem":1028},"Професійний Postman: Колекції, Змінні та GitHub Інтеграція","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fpostman-professional","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F13.postman-professional",{"title":1030,"path":1031,"stem":1032},"HttpClient у Тестах Частина 1: Архітектура та MockHttpMessageHandler","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fhttpclient-testing","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F14.httpclient-testing",{"title":1034,"path":1035,"stem":1036},"HttpClient у Тестах Частина 2: WireMock.Net та Resilience","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fwiremock-net","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F15.wiremock-net",{"title":1038,"path":1039,"stem":1040},"Патерни та Анти-патерни Тестування: Test Smells","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Ftesting-patterns","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F16.testing-patterns",{"title":1042,"path":1043,"stem":1044},"Просунуті інструменти: Time, Snapshots та Властивості","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fadvanced-testing-tools","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F17.advanced-testing-tools",{"title":1046,"path":1047,"stem":1048},"Тестування Архітектури з NetArchTest","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Farchitecture-testing","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F18.architecture-testing",{"title":1050,"path":1051,"stem":1052},"Тестування Продуктивності: BenchmarkDotNet, NBomber та k6","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fperformance-testing","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F19.performance-testing",{"title":1054,"path":1055,"stem":1056},"Залишок плану для курсу \"Тестування ASP.NET Minimal API\"","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fremaining_plan","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002Fremaining_plan",{"title":1058,"icon":1059,"path":1060,"stem":1061,"children":1062,"page":59},"Платежі","i-lucide-credit-card","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fpayments","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F08.payments",[1063,1067,1071,1075,1079,1083,1087,1091,1095,1099,1103,1107],{"title":1064,"path":1065,"stem":1066},"Основи платіжної інфраструктури","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fpayments\u002Fpayment-fundamentals","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F08.payments\u002F01.payment-fundamentals",{"title":1068,"path":1069,"stem":1070},"Методи оплати в Україні","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fpayments\u002Fpayment-methods-ukraine","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F08.payments\u002F02.payment-methods-ukraine",{"title":1072,"path":1073,"stem":1074},"PCI DSS та безпека платежів","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fpayments\u002Fpci-dss-security","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F08.payments\u002F03.pci-dss-security",{"title":1076,"path":1077,"stem":1078},"Архітектура платіжної підсистеми","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fpayments\u002Fpayment-architecture","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F08.payments\u002F04.payment-architecture",{"title":1080,"path":1081,"stem":1082},"Інтеграція LiqPay (ПриватБанк)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fpayments\u002Fliqpay-integration","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F08.payments\u002F05.liqpay-integration",{"title":1084,"path":1085,"stem":1086},"Інтеграція Monobank Acquiring API","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fpayments\u002Fmonobank-acquiring","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F08.payments\u002F06.monobank-acquiring",{"title":1088,"path":1089,"stem":1090},"Інтеграція Stripe","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fpayments\u002Fstripe-integration","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F08.payments\u002F07.stripe-integration",{"title":1092,"path":1093,"stem":1094},"Webhooks — глибоке занурення","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fpayments\u002Fwebhooks-deep-dive","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F08.payments\u002F08.webhooks-deep-dive",{"title":1096,"path":1097,"stem":1098},"Підписки та рекурентні платежі","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fpayments\u002Fsubscriptions-recurring","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F08.payments\u002F09.subscriptions-recurring",{"title":1100,"path":1101,"stem":1102},"Повернення коштів та диспути","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fpayments\u002Frefunds-disputes","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F08.payments\u002F10.refunds-disputes",{"title":1104,"path":1105,"stem":1106},"Тестування платіжних інтеграцій","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fpayments\u002Ftesting-payments","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F08.payments\u002F11.testing-payments",{"title":1108,"path":1109,"stem":1110},"Чекліст виходу в Production","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fpayments\u002Fproduction-checklist","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F08.payments\u002F12.production-checklist",{"title":1112,"icon":1113,"items":1114,"path":1127,"stem":1128,"children":1129,"page":59},"Популярні бібліотеки","lucide:box",[1115,1116,1117,1118,1119,1120,1121,1122,1123,1124,1125,1126],"01.fluent-validation","02.mapster","03.erroror-result-pattern","04.serilog","05.mediatr","06.polly","07.health-checks","08.feature-management","09.fluent-email","10.quest-pdf","11.bogus","12.humanizer-guard","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries",[1130,1134,1138,1142,1146,1150,1154,1158,1162,1166,1170,1174,1178],{"title":1131,"path":1132,"stem":1133},"Валідація з FluentValidation в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries\u002Ffluent-validation","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries\u002F01.fluent-validation",{"title":1135,"path":1136,"stem":1137},"Маппінг об","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries\u002Fmapster","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries\u002F02.mapster",{"title":1139,"path":1140,"stem":1141},"Обробка помилок з ErrorOr та Result Pattern в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries\u002Ferroror-result-pattern","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries\u002F03.erroror-result-pattern",{"title":1143,"path":1144,"stem":1145},"Структуроване логування з Serilog в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries\u002Fserilog","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries\u002F04.serilog",{"title":1147,"path":1148,"stem":1149},"CQRS та Mediator з MediatR в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries\u002Fmediatr","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries\u002F05.mediatr",{"title":1151,"path":1152,"stem":1153},"Відмовостійкість з Polly в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries\u002Fpolly","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries\u002F06.polly",{"title":1155,"path":1156,"stem":1157},"Health Checks в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries\u002Fhealth-checks","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries\u002F07.health-checks",{"title":1159,"path":1160,"stem":1161},"Feature Management та Feature Flags в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries\u002Ffeature-management","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries\u002F08.feature-management",{"title":1163,"path":1164,"stem":1165},"Відправка Email з FluentEmail в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries\u002Ffluent-email","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries\u002F09.fluent-email",{"title":1167,"path":1168,"stem":1169},"Генерація PDF з QuestPDF в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries\u002Fquest-pdf","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries\u002F10.quest-pdf",{"title":1171,"path":1172,"stem":1173},"Генерація тестових даних з Bogus в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries\u002Fbogus","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries\u002F11.bogus",{"title":1175,"path":1176,"stem":1177},"Humanizer та Guard Clauses в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries\u002Fhumanizer-guard","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries\u002F12.humanizer-guard",{"title":1179,"path":1180,"stem":1181},"План модуля 10.libraries — Популярні бібліотеки ASP.NET","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries\u002Fplan","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries\u002Fplan",{"title":1183,"icon":1184,"path":1185,"stem":1186,"children":1187,"page":59},"Razor Pages","i-lucide-layout-template","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Frazor-pages","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F10.razor-pages",[1188,1192,1196,1200,1204,1208],{"title":1189,"path":1190,"stem":1191},"Від Minimal API до Razor Pages: концептуальний перехід","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Frazor-pages\u002Ffrom-minimal-api","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F10.razor-pages\u002F01.from-minimal-api",{"title":1193,"path":1194,"stem":1195},"PageModel: логіка сторінки Razor Pages","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Frazor-pages\u002Fpage-model","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F10.razor-pages\u002F02.page-model",{"title":1197,"path":1198,"stem":1199},"Razor синтаксис: шаблонізатор у .cshtml","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Frazor-pages\u002Frazor-syntax","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F10.razor-pages\u002F03.razor-syntax",{"title":1201,"path":1202,"stem":1203},"Tag Helpers: типізований HTML","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Frazor-pages\u002Ftag-helpers","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F10.razor-pages\u002F04.tag-helpers",{"title":1205,"path":1206,"stem":1207},"Форми і валідація: повний цикл обробки даних","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Frazor-pages\u002Fforms-validation","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F10.razor-pages\u002F05.forms-validation",{"title":1209,"path":1210,"stem":1211},"Практичний проєкт: TaskManager на Razor Pages","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Frazor-pages\u002Fproject-task-manager","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F10.razor-pages\u002F06.project-task-manager",{"title":1213,"path":1214,"stem":1215,"children":1216,"page":59},"ASP.NET Core MVC","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc",[1217,1221,1225,1229,1233,1237,1241,1245,1249,1253,1257,1261,1265,1269,1273,1277,1281,1285],{"title":1218,"path":1219,"stem":1220},"Патерн MVC: архітектура, що змінила веб","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fmvc-pattern","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F01.mvc-pattern",{"title":1222,"path":1223,"stem":1224},"Від Razor Pages до MVC: концептуальний перехід","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Ffrom-razor-pages","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F02.from-razor-pages",{"title":1226,"path":1227,"stem":1228},"Controllers та Actions: серце MVC","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fcontrollers-actions","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F03.controllers-actions",{"title":1230,"path":1231,"stem":1232},"Маршрутизація в MVC: Convention vs Attribute Routing","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Frouting-mvc","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F04.routing-mvc",{"title":1234,"path":1235,"stem":1236},"Model Binding: від HTTP до C#","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fmodel-binding","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F05.model-binding",{"title":1238,"path":1239,"stem":1240},"Views, ViewData, ViewBag, TempData і ViewModel","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fviews-viewdata-tempdata","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F06.views-viewdata-tempdata",{"title":1242,"path":1243,"stem":1244},"Filters: аспектно-орієнтоване програмування в MVC","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Ffilters","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F07.filters",{"title":1246,"path":1247,"stem":1248},"Areas: структурування великих застосунків","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fareas","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F08.areas",{"title":1250,"path":1251,"stem":1252},"View Components: повторювані незалежні блоки UI","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fview-components","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F09.view-components",{"title":1254,"path":1255,"stem":1256},"Display та Editor Templates","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fdisplay-editor-templates","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F10.display-editor-templates",{"title":1258,"path":1259,"stem":1260},"Валідація: IValidatableObject та FluentValidation","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fvalidation-advanced","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F11.validation-advanced",{"title":1262,"path":1263,"stem":1264},"HTMX: інтерактивність через HTML-атрибути","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fhtmx","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F12.htmx",{"title":1266,"path":1267,"stem":1268},"HTMX у ASP.NET Core MVC: серверна інтеграція","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fajax-htmx-mvc","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F13.ajax-htmx-mvc",{"title":1270,"path":1271,"stem":1272},"Практичний проєкт: Каталог товарів з HTMX","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fhtmx-project","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F14.htmx-project",{"title":1274,"path":1275,"stem":1276},"Завантаження та обробка файлів","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Ffile-upload","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F15.file-upload",{"title":1278,"path":1279,"stem":1280},"Глобалізація та Локалізація MVC","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fglobalization-localization","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F16.globalization-localization",{"title":1282,"path":1283,"stem":1284},"Підсумковий проєкт: Блог-платформа","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fmvc-project","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F17.mvc-project",{"title":1286,"path":1287,"stem":1288},"План курсу: ASP.NET Core MVC","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fplan","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002Fplan",{"title":1290,"path":1291,"stem":1292,"children":1293,"page":59},"Web Api","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api",[1294,1298,1302,1306,1310,1314,1318,1322,1326,1330,1334,1338,1342],{"title":1295,"path":1296,"stem":1297},"Від Minimal API до Controller-based API","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api\u002Ffrom-minimal-api-to-controllers","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api\u002F01.from-minimal-api-to-controllers",{"title":1299,"path":1300,"stem":1301},"ControllerBase, ActionResult\u003CT> та Response Types","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api\u002Fcontroller-base-actionresult","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api\u002F02.controller-base-actionresult",{"title":1303,"path":1304,"stem":1305},"Content Negotiation - JSON, XML та власні форматери","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api\u002Fcontent-negotiation","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api\u002F03.content-negotiation",{"title":1307,"path":1308,"stem":1309},"Версіонування API","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api\u002Fapi-versioning","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api\u002F04.api-versioning",{"title":1311,"path":1312,"stem":1313},"ProblemDetails та структурована обробка помилок","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api\u002Fproblemdetails-error-handling","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api\u002F05.problemdetails-error-handling",{"title":1315,"path":1316,"stem":1317},"Фільтри у Web API контексті","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api\u002Ffilters-for-api","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api\u002F06.filters-for-api",{"title":1319,"path":1320,"stem":1321},"Пагінація, фільтрація та сортування","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api\u002Fpagination-filtering-sorting","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api\u002F07.pagination-filtering-sorting",{"title":1323,"path":1324,"stem":1325},"HATEOAS та Resource Expansion","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api\u002Fhateoas-resource-expansion","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api\u002F08.hateoas-resource-expansion",{"title":1327,"path":1328,"stem":1329},"Гібридна архітектура - Minimal API + Controllers","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api\u002Fminimal-api-vs-controllers-hybrid","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api\u002F09.minimal-api-vs-controllers-hybrid",{"title":1331,"path":1332,"stem":1333},"Документація API - Swashbuckle, NSwag та генерація клієнтів","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api\u002Fapi-documentation-generation","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api\u002F10.api-documentation-generation",{"title":1335,"path":1336,"stem":1337},"Health Checks та моніторинг API","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api\u002Fhealth-checks-monitoring","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api\u002F11.health-checks-monitoring",{"title":1339,"path":1340,"stem":1341},"Підсумковий проєкт - Production-Ready REST API","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api\u002Fweb-api-project","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api\u002F12.web-api-project",{"title":1343,"path":1344,"stem":1345},"План курсу: ASP.NET Core Web API (Controllers)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api\u002Fplan","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api\u002Fplan",{"title":1347,"icon":1348,"path":1349,"stem":1350,"children":1351,"page":59},"Моніторинг","i-lucide-activity","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmonitoring","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F13.monitoring",[1352,1356,1360],{"title":1353,"path":1354,"stem":1355},"Спостережуваність: від console.log до production-систем","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmonitoring\u002Fobservability-intro","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F13.monitoring\u002F01.observability-intro",{"title":1357,"path":1358,"stem":1359},"Health Checks: перший рівень observability","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmonitoring\u002Fhealth-checks","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F13.monitoring\u002F02.health-checks",{"title":1361,"path":1362,"stem":1363},"Вбудовані метрики .NET 10 та System.Diagnostics.Metrics","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmonitoring\u002Fdotnet-metrics","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F13.monitoring\u002F03.dotnet-metrics",{"title":1365,"icon":1366,"path":1367,"stem":1368,"children":1369,"page":59},"Desktop UI","i-lucide-app-window","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui",[1370,1374,1378,1382,1386,1390,1394,1398,1402,1406,1410,1414,1418,1422,1426,1430,1434,1438,1442,1446,1450,1454,1458,1462,1466,1470,1474,1478,1482,1486,1490,1494,1498,1502,1506,1510,1514,1518,1522,1526,1530,1534,1538,1542,1546,1550,1554,1558,1562,1566,1570,1574,1578,1582,1586,1590,1594,1598,1602,1606,1610,1614,1618,1622,1626,1630,1634,1638,1642,1646,1650],{"title":1371,"path":1372,"stem":1373},"Що таке десктопна розробка?","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fwhat-is-desktop-dev","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F01.what-is-desktop-dev",{"title":1375,"path":1376,"stem":1377},"Архітектура WPF — як влаштований графічний інтерфейс","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fwpf-architecture","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F02.wpf-architecture",{"title":1379,"path":1380,"stem":1381},"Перший WPF-проєкт — від нуля до вікна","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Ffirst-wpf-app","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F03.first-wpf-app",{"title":1383,"path":1384,"stem":1385},"Перший Avalonia-проєкт: WPF для всіх платформ","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F03a.first-avalonia-app","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F03a.first-avalonia-app",{"title":1387,"path":1388,"stem":1389},"XAML: декларативний інтерфейс","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fxaml-basics","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F04.xaml-basics",{"title":1391,"path":1392,"stem":1393},"Fluent UI у WPF — сучасний дизайн Windows 11","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F04a.wpf-fluent-ui","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F04a.wpf-fluent-ui",{"title":1395,"path":1396,"stem":1397},"WPF UI — сучасна бібліотека Fluent контролів","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F04b.wpf-ui-library","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F04b.wpf-ui-library",{"title":1399,"path":1400,"stem":1401},"HandyControl — велика бібліотека UI контролів для WPF","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F04c.handycontrol-library","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F04c.handycontrol-library",{"title":1403,"path":1404,"stem":1405},"Простори імен та ресурси XAML","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fxaml-namespaces-resources","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F05.xaml-namespaces-resources",{"title":1407,"path":1408,"stem":1409},"XAML в Avalonia: ключові відмінності від WPF","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F05a.avalonia-xaml-differences","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F05a.avalonia-xaml-differences",{"title":1411,"path":1412,"stem":1413},"Розширення розмітки XAML (Markup Extensions)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fxaml-markup-extensions","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F06.xaml-markup-extensions",{"title":1415,"path":1416,"stem":1417},"Панелі Layout: StackPanel, WrapPanel, DockPanel","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Flayout-panels-part1","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F07.layout-panels-part1",{"title":1419,"path":1420,"stem":1421},"Grid, Canvas, UniformGrid","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Flayout-panels-part2","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F07.layout-panels-part2",{"title":1423,"path":1424,"stem":1425},"Просунуті техніки Layout","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Flayout-advanced","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F08.layout-advanced",{"title":1427,"path":1428,"stem":1429},"Адаптивний Layout та найкращі практики","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Flayout-responsive","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F09.layout-responsive",{"title":1431,"path":1432,"stem":1433},"Layout в Avalonia: відмінності та нові можливості","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F09a.layout-avalonia","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F09a.layout-avalonia",{"title":1435,"path":1436,"stem":1437},"Button, Image, ProgressBar та інші базові контроли","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fbasic-controls","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F10.basic-controls",{"title":1439,"path":1440,"stem":1441},"Контроли в Avalonia: відмінності від WPF","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F10a.controls-avalonia","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F10a.controls-avalonia",{"title":1443,"path":1444,"stem":1445},"Текстові контроли — TextBlock, TextBox, RichTextBox","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Ftext-controls","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F11.text-controls",{"title":1447,"path":1448,"stem":1449},"Контроли вибору — CheckBox, RadioButton, ComboBox, ListBox, DatePicker","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fselection-controls","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F12.selection-controls",{"title":1451,"path":1452,"stem":1453},"Content Model — GroupBox, Expander, TabControl, StatusBar","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fcontent-controls","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F13.content-controls",{"title":1455,"path":1456,"stem":1457},"UI\u002FUX принципи десктопних застосунків","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F13a.ui-ux-principles","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F13a.ui-ux-principles",{"title":1459,"path":1460,"stem":1461},"Dependency Properties — Концепція та Value Resolution","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fdependency-properties-part1","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F14.dependency-properties-part1",{"title":1463,"path":1464,"stem":1465},"Avalonia Property System — StyledProperty та DirectProperty","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F14a.avalonia-property-system","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F14a.avalonia-property-system",{"title":1467,"path":1468,"stem":1469},"Attached Properties — Властивості без меж","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fattached-properties","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F15.attached-properties",{"title":1471,"path":1472,"stem":1473},"Routed Events — Маршрутизація подій у WPF","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Frouted-events","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F16.routed-events",{"title":1475,"path":1476,"stem":1477},"Data Binding — Від Code-Behind до Декларативності","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fdata-binding-basics-part1","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F17.data-binding-basics-part1",{"title":1479,"path":1480,"stem":1481},"INotifyPropertyChanged — Живе оновлення UI","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fdata-binding-basics-part2","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F17.data-binding-basics-part2",{"title":1483,"path":1484,"stem":1485},"Compiled Bindings в Avalonia — Безпека на етапі компіляції","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F17a.avalonia-compiled-bindings","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F17a.avalonia-compiled-bindings",{"title":1487,"path":1488,"stem":1489},"Просунутий Data Binding — ElementName, RelativeSource, MultiBinding","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fdata-binding-advanced","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F18.data-binding-advanced",{"title":1491,"path":1492,"stem":1493},"Value Converters — Перетворення типів даних у Data Binding","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fvalue-converters","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F19.value-converters",{"title":1495,"path":1496,"stem":1497},"Data Templates — Візуалізація об'єктів у WPF","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fdata-templates","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F20.data-templates",{"title":1499,"path":1500,"stem":1501},"Collections Binding Part 1 — ObservableCollection та ItemsControl","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fcollections-binding-part1","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F21.collections-binding-part1",{"title":1503,"path":1504,"stem":1505},"Collections Binding Part 2 — ICollectionView, Filtering, Sorting та Virtualization","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fcollections-binding-part2","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F21.collections-binding-part2",{"title":1507,"path":1508,"stem":1509},"MVVM Pattern — Від Spaghetti Code до архітектури","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fmvvm-pattern","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F22.mvvm-pattern",{"title":1511,"path":1512,"stem":1513},"ViewModel Implementation — Від BaseViewModel до валідації","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fviewmodel-implementation","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F23.viewmodel-implementation",{"title":1515,"path":1516,"stem":1517},"Commands — Від event handlers до декларативних команд","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fcommands","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F24.commands",{"title":1519,"path":1520,"stem":1521},"MVVM Toolkit — MVVM без boilerplate через Source Generators","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fmvvm-toolkit","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F25.mvvm-toolkit",{"title":1523,"path":1524,"stem":1525},"Messenger Pattern — Комунікація між ViewModel без прямих посилань","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fmessenger-pattern","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F26.messenger-pattern",{"title":1527,"path":1528,"stem":1529},"Стилі WPF — CSS для десктопу","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fstyles-basics","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F27.styles-basics",{"title":1531,"path":1532,"stem":1533},"CSS-like стилі Avalonia","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F27a.avalonia-css-styling","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F27a.avalonia-css-styling",{"title":1535,"path":1536,"stem":1537},"Control Templates — Частина 1. Концепція та TemplateBinding","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fcontrol-templates-part1","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F28.control-templates-part1",{"title":1539,"path":1540,"stem":1541},"Control Templates — Частина 2. Named Parts та ContentPresenter","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fcontrol-templates-part2","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F28.control-templates-part2",{"title":1543,"path":1544,"stem":1545},"Control Themes в Avalonia — нова ера стилізації","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F28a.avalonia-control-themes","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F28a.avalonia-control-themes",{"title":1547,"path":1548,"stem":1549},"Triggers та Visual State Manager у WPF","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Ftriggers-visual-states","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F29.triggers-visual-states",{"title":1551,"path":1552,"stem":1553},"Pseudo-classes в Avalonia — замість WPF Triggers","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F29a.avalonia-pseudo-classes","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F29a.avalonia-pseudo-classes",{"title":1555,"path":1556,"stem":1557},"Теми та ресурсні словники у WPF","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fresources-themes","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F30.resources-themes",{"title":1559,"path":1560,"stem":1561},"Avalonia Themes — Fluent Design та система тематизації","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F30a.avalonia-themes-fluent","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F30a.avalonia-themes-fluent",{"title":1563,"path":1564,"stem":1565},"Контроли колекцій — глибоке занурення","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fcollection-controls","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F31.collection-controls",{"title":1567,"path":1568,"stem":1569},"DataGrid — колонки та базове відображення","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fdatagrid-part1","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F32.datagrid-part1",{"title":1571,"path":1572,"stem":1573},"DataGrid — сортування, фільтрація, редагування","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fdatagrid-part2","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F32.datagrid-part2",{"title":1575,"path":1576,"stem":1577},"TreeView та GridView","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Ftreeview-listview","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F33.treeview-listview",{"title":1579,"path":1580,"stem":1581},"Меню, Toolbar, ContextMenu, StatusBar","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fmenus-toolbars","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F34.menus-toolbars",{"title":1583,"path":1584,"stem":1585},"Навігація та керування вікнами. Частина 1: вікна та сторінки","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fnavigation-windows-part1","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F35.navigation-windows-part1",{"title":1587,"path":1588,"stem":1589},"Навігація та керування вікнами. Частина 2: MVVM-навігація","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fnavigation-windows-part2","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F35.navigation-windows-part2",{"title":1591,"path":1592,"stem":1593},"Avalonia — Навігація та діалоги","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F35a.avalonia-navigation-dialogs","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F35a.avalonia-navigation-dialogs",{"title":1595,"path":1596,"stem":1597},"Діалоги та File Pickers у WPF","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fdialogs-file-pickers","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F36.dialogs-file-pickers",{"title":1599,"path":1600,"stem":1601},"UserControl: компонентний підхід у WPF","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fuser-controls","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F37.user-controls",{"title":1603,"path":1604,"stem":1605},"Custom Controls: Lookless Controls у WPF","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fcustom-controls","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F38.custom-controls",{"title":1607,"path":1608,"stem":1609},"Avalonia TemplatedControl — Lookless Controls","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F38a.avalonia-templated-controls","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F38a.avalonia-templated-controls",{"title":1611,"path":1612,"stem":1613},"Анімації у WPF: Storyboard та Easing Functions","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fanimations-transitions","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F39.animations-transitions",{"title":1615,"path":1616,"stem":1617},"Анімації в Avalonia","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F39a.avalonia-animations","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F39a.avalonia-animations",{"title":1619,"path":1620,"stem":1621},"2D Графіка та Мультимедіа у WPF","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fmedia-graphics","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F40.media-graphics",{"title":1623,"path":1624,"stem":1625},"Dependency Injection у WPF та Avalonia","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fdi-integration","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F41.di-integration",{"title":1627,"path":1628,"stem":1629},"SQLite та EF Core у десктопних додатках","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fdata-persistence-part1","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F42.data-persistence-part1",{"title":1631,"path":1632,"stem":1633},"Repository Pattern та Unit of Work","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fdata-persistence-part2","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F43.data-persistence-part2",{"title":1635,"path":1636,"stem":1637},"Тестування ViewModels","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fviewmodel-testing","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F44.viewmodel-testing",{"title":1639,"path":1640,"stem":1641},"Avalonia Headless Testing — тестування UI без вікон","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F44a.avalonia-headless-testing","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F44a.avalonia-headless-testing",{"title":1643,"path":1644,"stem":1645},"Кросплатформна розробка з Avalonia","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Favalonia-cross-platform","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F45.avalonia-cross-platform",{"title":1647,"path":1648,"stem":1649},"Пакування та розгортання Avalonia додатків","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Favalonia-packaging-deployment","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F46.avalonia-packaging-deployment",{"title":1651,"path":1652,"stem":1653},"Розгортання WPF застосунків","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fwpf-packaging-deployment","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F47.wpf-packaging-deployment",{"title":1655,"icon":658,"path":1656,"stem":1657,"children":1658,"page":59},"Network Programming","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fnetwork-programming","01.csharp\u002F13.network-programming",[1659,1663,1667,1671,1675,1679,1683,1687,1691,1695,1699],{"title":1660,"path":1661,"stem":1662},"Основи комп'ютерних мереж","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fnetwork-programming\u002Ffoundations","01.csharp\u002F13.network-programming\u002F01.foundations",{"title":1664,"path":1665,"stem":1666},"Модель OSI та стек TCP\u002FIP","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fnetwork-programming\u002Fosi-model","01.csharp\u002F13.network-programming\u002F02.osi-model",{"title":1668,"path":1669,"stem":1670},"IP-протокол та адресація","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fnetwork-programming\u002Fip-addressing","01.csharp\u002F13.network-programming\u002F03.ip-addressing",{"title":1672,"path":1673,"stem":1674},"UDP — протокол без з'єднання","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fnetwork-programming\u002Fudp","01.csharp\u002F13.network-programming\u002F05.udp",{"title":1676,"path":1677,"stem":1678},"UDP Broadcast та Multicast","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fnetwork-programming\u002Fudp-broadcast-multicast","01.csharp\u002F13.network-programming\u002F06.udp-broadcast-multicast",{"title":1680,"path":1681,"stem":1682},"HTTP — протокол вебу","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fnetwork-programming\u002Fhttp-fundamentals","01.csharp\u002F13.network-programming\u002F07.http-fundamentals",{"title":1684,"path":1685,"stem":1686},"HttpListener — вбудований HTTP-сервер .NET","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fnetwork-programming\u002F07a.http-listener","01.csharp\u002F13.network-programming\u002F07a.http-listener",{"title":1688,"path":1689,"stem":1690},"HTTP Advanced — cookies, аутентифікація та HTTPS","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fnetwork-programming\u002Fhttp-advanced","01.csharp\u002F13.network-programming\u002F08.http-advanced",{"title":1692,"path":1693,"stem":1694},"SMTP та протоколи електронної пошти","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fnetwork-programming\u002Fsmtp","01.csharp\u002F13.network-programming\u002F09.smtp",{"title":1696,"path":1697,"stem":1698},"WebSocket — повнодуплексний протокол реального часу","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fnetwork-programming\u002Fwebsockets","01.csharp\u002F13.network-programming\u002F10.websockets",{"title":1700,"path":1701,"stem":1702},"TLS\u002FSSL — криптографічний захист мережевих з'єднань","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fnetwork-programming\u002Ftls-ssl","01.csharp\u002F13.network-programming\u002F11.tls-ssl",{"title":1704,"path":1705,"stem":1706},"C# & .NET: The Ultimate Roadmap","\u002Fcsharp\u002Froadmap","01.csharp\u002Froadmap",{"title":1708,"icon":1709,"path":1710,"stem":1711,"children":1712,"page":59},"C++","i-devicon-cplusplus","\u002Fcpp","02.cpp",[1713,1717,1721,1725,1729,1733,1737,1741,1745,1748,1752,1756,1760,1764,1768,1772,1776,1780,1784,1788,1792,1796,1800,1804,1808,1812,1816,1820,1824,1828,1832,1836,1840,1844,1848,1852,1856,1860,1864,1868,1872,1876,1880,1884,1888,1892,1896,1900,1904,1908],{"title":1714,"path":1715,"stem":1716},"Вступ у програмування та алгоритми","\u002Fcpp\u002Fintro-algorithms","02.cpp\u002F01.intro-algorithms",{"title":1718,"path":1719,"stem":1720},"Code Style: угоди про оформлення коду","\u002Fcpp\u002Fcode-style","02.cpp\u002F02.code-style",{"title":1722,"path":1723,"stem":1724},"Середовище розробки та перший проєкт","\u002Fcpp\u002Fide-setup","02.cpp\u002F03.ide-setup",{"title":1726,"path":1727,"stem":1728},"Вивід даних на екран","\u002Fcpp\u002Fdata-output","02.cpp\u002F04.data-output",{"title":1730,"path":1731,"stem":1732},"Типи даних, змінні та константи","\u002Fcpp\u002Fdata-types-variables","02.cpp\u002F05.data-types-variables",{"title":1734,"path":1735,"stem":1736},"Ввід даних з клавіатури","\u002Fcpp\u002Fdata-input","02.cpp\u002F06.data-input",{"title":1738,"path":1739,"stem":1740},"Оператори, перетворення типів та логічні операції","\u002Fcpp\u002Foperators-type-conversion","02.cpp\u002F07.operators-type-conversion",{"title":1742,"path":1743,"stem":1744},"Цикли","\u002Fcpp\u002Floops","02.cpp\u002F08.loops",{"title":32,"path":1746,"stem":1747},"\u002Fcpp\u002Farrays","02.cpp\u002F09.arrays",{"title":1749,"path":1750,"stem":1751},"Алгоритми сортування та аналіз складності","\u002Fcpp\u002Fsorting","02.cpp\u002F10.sorting",{"title":1753,"path":1754,"stem":1755},"Алгоритми пошуку","\u002Fcpp\u002Fsearching","02.cpp\u002F11.searching",{"title":1757,"path":1758,"stem":1759},"Функції: основи","\u002Fcpp\u002Ffunctions-basics","02.cpp\u002F12.functions-basics",{"title":1761,"path":1762,"stem":1763},"Функції: прототипи, область видимості та додаткові можливості","\u002Fcpp\u002Ffunctions-scope","02.cpp\u002F13.functions-scope",{"title":1765,"path":1766,"stem":1767},"Функції: перевантаження та шаблони","\u002Fcpp\u002Ffunctions-overloading-templates","02.cpp\u002F14.functions-overloading-templates",{"title":1769,"path":1770,"stem":1771},"Вказівники: основи","\u002Fcpp\u002Fpointers-basics","02.cpp\u002F15.pointers-basics",{"title":1773,"path":1774,"stem":1775},"Посилання (References)","\u002Fcpp\u002Freferences","02.cpp\u002F16.references",{"title":1777,"path":1778,"stem":1779},"Вказівники, const і масиви","\u002Fcpp\u002Fpointers-const-arrays","02.cpp\u002F17.pointers-const-arrays",{"title":1781,"path":1782,"stem":1783},"Адресна арифметика","\u002Fcpp\u002Fpointer-arithmetic","02.cpp\u002F18.pointer-arithmetic",{"title":1785,"path":1786,"stem":1787},"Динамічна пам'ять","\u002Fcpp\u002Fdynamic-memory","02.cpp\u002F19.dynamic-memory",{"title":1789,"path":1790,"stem":1791},"Вказівники типу void","\u002Fcpp\u002Fvoid-pointers","02.cpp\u002F20.void-pointers",{"title":1793,"path":1794,"stem":1795},"Вказівники на вказівники","\u002Fcpp\u002Fpointers-to-pointers","02.cpp\u002F21.pointers-to-pointers",{"title":1797,"path":1798,"stem":1799},"Оператор доступу до членів через вказівник (->)","\u002Fcpp\u002Fmember-access-operator","02.cpp\u002F22.member-access-operator",{"title":1801,"path":1802,"stem":1803},"Цикл for-each (Range-based for)","\u002Fcpp\u002Fforeach-loop","02.cpp\u002F23.foreach-loop",{"title":1805,"path":1806,"stem":1807},"Вказівники на функції","\u002Fcpp\u002Ffunction-pointers","02.cpp\u002F24.function-pointers",{"title":1809,"path":1810,"stem":1811},"Лямбда-вирази","\u002Fcpp\u002Flambdas","02.cpp\u002F25.lambdas",{"title":1813,"path":1814,"stem":1815},"Лямбда-захоплення","\u002Fcpp\u002Flambda-captures","02.cpp\u002F26.lambda-captures",{"title":1817,"path":1818,"stem":1819},"Еліпсис","\u002Fcpp\u002Fellipsis","02.cpp\u002F27.ellipsis",{"title":1821,"path":1822,"stem":1823},"Безпечні альтернативи еліпсису","\u002Fcpp\u002F27a.ellipsis","02.cpp\u002F27a.ellipsis",{"title":1825,"path":1826,"stem":1827},"Аргументи командного рядка","\u002Fcpp\u002Fcommand-line-arguments","02.cpp\u002F28.command-line-arguments",{"title":1829,"path":1830,"stem":1831},"Перерахування (enum)","\u002Fcpp\u002Fenum","02.cpp\u002F29.enum",{"title":1833,"path":1834,"stem":1835},"Класи-перерахування (enum class)","\u002Fcpp\u002Fenum-class","02.cpp\u002F30.enum-class",{"title":1837,"path":1838,"stem":1839},"Псевдоніми типів (typedef і using)","\u002Fcpp\u002Ftype-aliases","02.cpp\u002F31.type-aliases",{"title":1841,"path":1842,"stem":1843},"Системи числення та двійкова арифметика","\u002Fcpp\u002Fnumber-systems","02.cpp\u002F32.number-systems",{"title":1845,"path":1846,"stem":1847},"Структури (struct): агрегування даних","\u002Fcpp\u002Fstruct","02.cpp\u002F33.struct",{"title":1849,"path":1850,"stem":1851},"Структури у функціях","\u002Fcpp\u002Fstruct-functions","02.cpp\u002F34.struct-functions",{"title":1853,"path":1854,"stem":1855},"Масиви структур і вкладені структури","\u002Fcpp\u002Fstruct-arrays","02.cpp\u002F35.struct-arrays",{"title":1857,"path":1858,"stem":1859},"Патерни struct та межі застосування","\u002Fcpp\u002Fstruct-patterns","02.cpp\u002F36.struct-patterns",{"title":1861,"path":1862,"stem":1863},"Символи та таблиця ASCII","\u002Fcpp\u002Fascii-characters","02.cpp\u002F37.ascii-characters",{"title":1865,"path":1866,"stem":1867},"Unicode та кодування UTF","\u002Fcpp\u002Funicode-utf","02.cpp\u002F38.unicode-utf",{"title":1869,"path":1870,"stem":1871},"C-style рядки","\u002Fcpp\u002Fc-strings","02.cpp\u002F39.c-strings",{"title":1873,"path":1874,"stem":1875},"Вступ до std::string","\u002Fcpp\u002Fstd-string-intro","02.cpp\u002F40.std-string-intro",{"title":1877,"path":1878,"stem":1879},"Довжина, ємність та доступ до символів std::string","\u002Fcpp\u002Fstd-string-capacity-access","02.cpp\u002F41.std-string-capacity-access",{"title":1881,"path":1882,"stem":1883},"Модифікація std::string: присвоювання, додавання, вставка, видалення та заміна","\u002Fcpp\u002Fstd-string-modification","02.cpp\u002F42.std-string-modification",{"title":1885,"path":1886,"stem":1887},"Пошук у std::string: find, npos та практичні патерни","\u002Fcpp\u002Fstd-string-search","02.cpp\u002F43.std-string-search",{"title":1889,"path":1890,"stem":1891},"std::string_view: невласницький погляд на рядок без копіювання","\u002Fcpp\u002Fstd-string-view","02.cpp\u002F44.std-string-view",{"title":1893,"path":1894,"stem":1895},"Об'єднання (union): один блок пам'яті, кілька інтерпретацій","\u002Fcpp\u002Funion","02.cpp\u002F45.union",{"title":1897,"path":1898,"stem":1899},"Організація коду: файли, препроцесор, простори імен","\u002Fcpp\u002Fmultifile-programs","02.cpp\u002F46.multifile-programs",{"title":1901,"path":1902,"stem":1903},"Робота з файлами: C-стиль (stdio.h)","\u002Fcpp\u002Fc-style-files","02.cpp\u002F47.c-style-files",{"title":1905,"path":1906,"stem":1907},"Робота з файлами: C++-стиль (fstream)","\u002Fcpp\u002Fcpp-style-files","02.cpp\u002F48.cpp-style-files",{"title":1909,"path":1910,"stem":1911},"План навчання: Курс C++ — Продовження (Статті 29–60+)","\u002Fcpp\u002Fcurriculum-plan","02.cpp\u002Fcurriculum-plan",{"title":1913,"icon":1914,"path":1915,"stem":1916,"children":1917,"page":59},"JavaScript","i-devicon-javascript","\u002Fjavascript","03.javascript",[1918,1944,1998,2020,2324,2362],{"title":1919,"icon":1920,"path":1921,"stem":1922,"children":1923,"page":59},"Events","i-lucide-mouse-pointer-click","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fevents","03.javascript\u002F01.events",[1924,1928,1932,1936,1940],{"title":1925,"path":1926,"stem":1927},"Вступ до подій браузера","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fevents\u002Fintro","03.javascript\u002F01.events\u002F01.intro",{"title":1929,"path":1930,"stem":1931},"Бульбашковий механізм (Bubbling) та занурення (Capturing)","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fevents\u002Fbubbling-capturing","03.javascript\u002F01.events\u002F02.bubbling-capturing",{"title":1933,"path":1934,"stem":1935},"Делегування подій (Event Delegation)","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fevents\u002Fdelegate-events","03.javascript\u002F01.events\u002F03.delegate-events",{"title":1937,"path":1938,"stem":1939},"Типові дії браузера та preventDefault()","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fevents\u002Fprevent-default","03.javascript\u002F01.events\u002F04.prevent-default",{"title":1941,"path":1942,"stem":1943},"Запуск користувацьких подій (Custom Events)","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fevents\u002Fcustom-events","03.javascript\u002F01.events\u002F05.custom-events",{"title":1945,"icon":1946,"path":1947,"stem":1948,"children":1949,"page":59},"Network","i-lucide-globe","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fnetwork","03.javascript\u002F02.network",[1950,1954,1958,1962,1966,1970,1974,1978,1982,1986,1990,1994],{"title":1951,"path":1952,"stem":1953},"Fetch API - Сучасний підхід до HTTP-запитів","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fnetwork\u002F01-fetch-api","03.javascript\u002F02.network\u002F01-fetch-api",{"title":1955,"path":1956,"stem":1957},"FormData - Робота з формами та файлами","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fnetwork\u002F02-formdata","03.javascript\u002F02.network\u002F02-formdata",{"title":1959,"path":1960,"stem":1961},"Відстеження прогресу завантаження","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fnetwork\u002F03-download-progress","03.javascript\u002F02.network\u002F03-download-progress",{"title":1963,"path":1964,"stem":1965},"Переривання fetch-запитів","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fnetwork\u002F04-abort-requests","03.javascript\u002F02.network\u002F04-abort-requests",{"title":1967,"path":1968,"stem":1969},"CORS - Запити між різними джерелами","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fnetwork\u002F05-cors","03.javascript\u002F02.network\u002F05-cors",{"title":1971,"path":1972,"stem":1973},"Fetch API - Повний довідник опцій","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fnetwork\u002F06-fetch-options","03.javascript\u002F02.network\u002F06-fetch-options",{"title":1975,"path":1976,"stem":1977},"URL Objects - Робота з посиланнями","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fnetwork\u002F07-url-objects","03.javascript\u002F02.network\u002F07-url-objects",{"title":1979,"path":1980,"stem":1981},"XMLHttpRequest - AJAX та низькорівневі запити","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fnetwork\u002F08-xmlhttprequest","03.javascript\u002F02.network\u002F08-xmlhttprequest",{"title":1983,"path":1984,"stem":1985},"Відновлюване завантаження файлів","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fnetwork\u002F09-resumable-upload","03.javascript\u002F02.network\u002F09-resumable-upload",{"title":1987,"path":1988,"stem":1989},"Cookies, document.cookie та світ після \"Cookiepocalypse\"","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fnetwork\u002F10-cookies","03.javascript\u002F02.network\u002F10-cookies",{"title":1991,"path":1992,"stem":1993},"js-cookie: Керування Cookies без Болю","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fnetwork\u002F11-js-cookie","03.javascript\u002F02.network\u002F11-js-cookie",{"title":1995,"path":1996,"stem":1997},"Axios: Потужний HTTP-клієнт для JavaScript","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fnetwork\u002F12-axios","03.javascript\u002F02.network\u002F12-axios",{"title":1999,"icon":2000,"path":2001,"stem":2002,"children":2003,"page":59},"Bom","i-lucide-monitor","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fbom","03.javascript\u002F03.bom",[2004,2008,2012,2016],{"title":2005,"path":2006,"stem":2007},"LocalStorage, SessionStorage та patterns збереження даних","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fbom\u002F01-localstorage","03.javascript\u002F03.bom\u002F01-localstorage",{"title":2009,"path":2010,"stem":2011},"Location Object - Керування адресою сторінки","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fbom\u002F02-location-object","03.javascript\u002F03.bom\u002F02-location-object",{"title":2013,"path":2014,"stem":2015},"History API - Керування історією браузера","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fbom\u002F03-history-api","03.javascript\u002F03.bom\u002F03-history-api",{"title":2017,"path":2018,"stem":2019},"Navigator Object - Ідентифікація та Можливості Пристрою","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fbom\u002F04-navigator-object","03.javascript\u002F03.bom\u002F04-navigator-object",{"title":2021,"icon":2022,"path":2023,"stem":2024,"children":2025},"React","i-devicon-react","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002Findex",[2026,2027,2031,2035,2039,2043,2106,2141,2293],{"title":2021,"path":2023,"stem":2024},{"title":2028,"path":2029,"stem":2030},"Робота з Формами в React","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Freact-forms","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F01.react-forms",{"title":2032,"path":2033,"stem":2034},"React Hook Form: Професійна Робота з Формами","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Freact-hook-form","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F02.react-hook-form",{"title":2036,"path":2037,"stem":2038},"React Hook Form: Глибоке Розуміння Архітектури та Оптимізації","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Freact-hook-form-new","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F02.react-hook-form-new",{"title":2040,"path":2041,"stem":2042},"Axios та React: Професійна Архітектура Запитів","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fdata-fetching-axios","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F03.data-fetching-axios",{"title":2044,"icon":132,"path":2045,"stem":2046,"children":2047},"Tanstack Query","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002Findex",[2048,2050,2054,2058,2062,2066,2070,2074,2078,2082,2086,2090,2094,2098,2102],{"title":2049,"path":2045,"stem":2046},"TanStack Query: Майстерність Керування Станом Сервера",{"title":2051,"path":2052,"stem":2053},"Парадигма Server State: Чому useEffect недостатньо","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Fserver-state-paradigm","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F01.server-state-paradigm",{"title":2055,"path":2056,"stem":2057},"Встановлення та Налаштування: Фундамент","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Finstallation-and-devtools","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F02.installation-and-devtools",{"title":2059,"path":2060,"stem":2061},"Основи Запитів та Магія Ключів","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Fquery-basics-and-keys","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F03.query-basics-and-keys",{"title":2063,"path":2064,"stem":2065},"Синхронізація Даних: Життєвий Цикл Запиту","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Fdata-synchronization","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F04.data-synchronization",{"title":2067,"path":2068,"stem":2069},"Мутації та Інвалідація: Зміна Даних","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Fmutations-and-invalidation","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F05.mutations-and-invalidation",{"title":2071,"path":2072,"stem":2073},"Оптимістичні Оновлення: Швидше за Світло","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Foptimistic-updates","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F06.optimistic-updates",{"title":2075,"path":2076,"stem":2077},"Пагінація та Infinite Scroll","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Fpagination-and-load-more","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F07.pagination-and-load-more",{"title":2079,"path":2080,"stem":2081},"Просунуті Патерни та Оптимізація","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Fadvanced-patterns","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F08.advanced-patterns",{"title":2083,"path":2084,"stem":2085},"Архітектура та Best Practices","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Farchitecture-and-best-practices","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F09.architecture-and-best-practices",{"title":2087,"path":2088,"stem":2089},"Server-Side Rendering (SSR) та Гідратація","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Fserver-side-rendering","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F10.server-side-rendering",{"title":2091,"path":2092,"stem":2093},"Стратегії Тестування","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Ftesting-strategies","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F11.testing-strategies",{"title":2095,"path":2096,"stem":2097},"Аутентифікація та Обробка Помилок","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Fauthentication-and-errors","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F12.authentication-and-errors",{"title":2099,"path":2100,"stem":2101},"React Suspense та Майбутнє","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Freact-suspense","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F13.react-suspense",{"title":2103,"path":2104,"stem":2105},"Глибоке Занурення в Продуктивність","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Fperformance-deep-dive","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F14.performance-deep-dive",{"title":2107,"icon":2022,"path":2108,"stem":2109,"children":2110},"React Router","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Freact-router","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F05.react-router\u002Findex",[2111,2113,2117,2121,2125,2129,2133,2137],{"title":2112,"path":2108,"stem":2109},"React Router: Навігаційна система сучасного вебу",{"title":2114,"path":2115,"stem":2116},"Налаштування та Базовий Роутинг","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Freact-router\u002Fsetup-and-basic-routing","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F05.react-router\u002F01.setup-and-basic-routing",{"title":2118,"path":2119,"stem":2120},"Динамічна Навігація","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Freact-router\u002Fnavigation-and-links","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F05.react-router\u002F02.navigation-and-links",{"title":2122,"path":2123,"stem":2124},"Вкладені Маршрути та Макети","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Freact-router\u002Fnested-routes-and-layouts","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F05.react-router\u002F03.nested-routes-and-layouts",{"title":2126,"path":2127,"stem":2128},"Динамічні Маршрути та Параметри","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Freact-router\u002Fdynamic-routing","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F05.react-router\u002F04.dynamic-routing",{"title":2130,"path":2131,"stem":2132},"Data APIs: Loaders та Actions","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Freact-router\u002Fdata-loading","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F05.react-router\u002F05.data-loading",{"title":2134,"path":2135,"stem":2136},"Просунуті Патерни","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Freact-router\u002Fadvanced-patterns","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F05.react-router\u002F06.advanced-patterns",{"title":2138,"path":2139,"stem":2140},"Legacy Routing: Компонентний підхід","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Freact-router\u002Flegacy-routing","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F05.react-router\u002F07.legacy-routing",{"title":2142,"icon":132,"path":2143,"stem":2144,"children":2145},"Redux","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002Findex",[2146,2148,2164,2193,2202,2223,2239,2268],{"title":2147,"path":2143,"stem":2144},"Redux: Еволюція управління станом",{"title":14,"icon":15,"path":2149,"stem":2150,"children":2151,"page":59},"\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Ffundamentals","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F01.fundamentals",[2152,2156,2160],{"title":2153,"path":2154,"stem":2155},"Вступ до State Management","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Ffundamentals\u002Fintro-state-management","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F01.fundamentals\u002F01.intro-state-management",{"title":2157,"path":2158,"stem":2159},"Філософія Redux та Три Принципи","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Ffundamentals\u002Fredux-philosophy","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F01.fundamentals\u002F02.redux-philosophy",{"title":2161,"path":2162,"stem":2163},"Чисті функції та Іммутабельність","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Ffundamentals\u002Fpure-functions-immutability","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F01.fundamentals\u002F03.pure-functions-immutability",{"title":2165,"icon":132,"path":2166,"stem":2167,"children":2168,"page":59},"Classic Redux","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fclassic-redux","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F02.classic-redux",[2169,2173,2177,2181,2185,2189],{"title":2170,"path":2171,"stem":2172},"Створення Store (Classic Redux)","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fclassic-redux\u002Fstore-setup","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F02.classic-redux\u002F01.store-setup",{"title":2174,"path":2175,"stem":2176},"Actions, Constants та Action Creators","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fclassic-redux\u002Factions-constants","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F02.classic-redux\u002F02.actions-constants",{"title":2178,"path":2179,"stem":2180},"Логіка Reducers","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fclassic-redux\u002Freducers","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F02.classic-redux\u002F03.reducers",{"title":2182,"path":2183,"stem":2184},"Комбінування Reducers (Root Reducer)","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fclassic-redux\u002Fdata-flow","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F02.classic-redux\u002F04.data-flow",{"title":2186,"path":2187,"stem":2188},"Підключення до React (React-Redux)","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fclassic-redux\u002Freact-redux-connection","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F02.classic-redux\u002F05.react-redux-connection",{"title":2190,"path":2191,"stem":2192},"Middleware та Асинхронність (Redux Thunk)","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fclassic-redux\u002Fmiddleware-thunk","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F02.classic-redux\u002F06.middleware-thunk",{"title":2194,"icon":132,"path":2195,"stem":2196,"children":2197,"page":59},"Transition To Rtk","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Ftransition-to-rtk","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F03.transition-to-rtk",[2198],{"title":2199,"path":2200,"stem":2201},"Проблеми класичного Redux","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Ftransition-to-rtk\u002Fproblems-with-classic","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F03.transition-to-rtk\u002F01.problems-with-classic",{"title":2203,"icon":132,"path":2204,"stem":2205,"children":2206,"page":59},"Redux Toolkit","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fredux-toolkit","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F04.redux-toolkit",[2207,2211,2215,2219],{"title":2208,"path":2209,"stem":2210},"Налаштування Store з configureStore","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fredux-toolkit\u002Fconfigure-store","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F04.redux-toolkit\u002F01.configure-store",{"title":2212,"path":2213,"stem":2214},"createSlice: Революція в Redux","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fredux-toolkit\u002Fcreate-slice","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F04.redux-toolkit\u002F02.create-slice",{"title":2216,"path":2217,"stem":2218},"Асинхронність з createAsyncThunk","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fredux-toolkit\u002Fasync-thunks","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F04.redux-toolkit\u002F03.async-thunks",{"title":2220,"path":2221,"stem":2222},"04. Entity Adapter: Керування нормалізованим станом","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fredux-toolkit\u002Fentity-adapter","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F04.redux-toolkit\u002F04.entity-adapter",{"title":2224,"icon":92,"path":2225,"stem":2226,"children":2227,"page":59},"Advanced","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fadvanced","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F05.advanced",[2228,2232,2236],{"title":2229,"path":2230,"stem":2231},"Мемоізація та Селектори: Повний Гайд по Reselect","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fadvanced\u002Fselectors-reselect","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F05.advanced\u002F01.selectors-reselect",{"title":2233,"path":2234,"stem":2235},"RTK Query: Архітектура Серверного Кешу","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fadvanced\u002Frtk-query-intro","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F05.advanced\u002F02.rtk-query-intro",{"title":2083,"path":2237,"stem":2238},"\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fadvanced\u002Farchitecture-best-practices","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F05.advanced\u002F03.architecture-best-practices",{"title":2240,"icon":132,"path":2241,"stem":2242,"children":2243,"page":59},"Project Kanban","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fproject-kanban","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F06.project-kanban",[2244,2248,2252,2256,2260,2264],{"title":2245,"path":2246,"stem":2247},"Проєкт: Kanban Board (Trello Clone)","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fproject-kanban\u002Fproject-overview","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F06.project-kanban\u002F01.project-overview",{"title":2249,"path":2250,"stem":2251},"Налаштування та Типізація","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fproject-kanban\u002Fsetup-and-types","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F06.project-kanban\u002F02.setup-and-types",{"title":2253,"path":2254,"stem":2255},"Board Slice: Серце Дошки","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fproject-kanban\u002Fboard-slice","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F06.project-kanban\u002F03.board-slice",{"title":2257,"path":2258,"stem":2259},"Логіка Drag & Drop","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fproject-kanban\u002Fdrag-and-drop-logic","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F06.project-kanban\u002F04.drag-and-drop-logic",{"title":2261,"path":2262,"stem":2263},"Інтеграція з RTK Query","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fproject-kanban\u002Frtk-query-integration","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F06.project-kanban\u002F05.rtk-query-integration",{"title":2265,"path":2266,"stem":2267},"Optimistic Updates","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fproject-kanban\u002Foptimistic-updates","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F06.project-kanban\u002F06.optimistic-updates",{"title":2269,"icon":132,"path":2270,"stem":2271,"children":2272,"page":59},"Testing","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Ftesting","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F07.testing",[2273,2277,2281,2285,2289],{"title":2274,"path":2275,"stem":2276},"Тестування Redux","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Ftesting\u002Fintro-testing","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F07.testing\u002F01.intro-testing",{"title":2278,"path":2279,"stem":2280},"Тестування Reducers","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Ftesting\u002Ftesting-reducers","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F07.testing\u002F02.testing-reducers",{"title":2282,"path":2283,"stem":2284},"Тестування Селекторів","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Ftesting\u002Ftesting-selectors","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F07.testing\u002F03.testing-selectors",{"title":2286,"path":2287,"stem":2288},"Тестування Компонентів (Integration)","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Ftesting\u002Ftesting-components","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F07.testing\u002F04.testing-components",{"title":2290,"path":2291,"stem":2292},"Тестування Async Thunks","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Ftesting\u002Ftesting-thunks","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F07.testing\u002F05.testing-thunks",{"title":2294,"icon":132,"path":2295,"stem":2296,"children":2297},"Ui Libraries","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fui-libraries","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F07.ui-libraries\u002Findex",[2298,2300,2304,2308,2312,2316,2320],{"title":2299,"path":2295,"stem":2296},"UI Бібліотеки в React",{"title":2301,"path":2302,"stem":2303},"Вступ до UI Бібліотек: Навіщо Винаходити Велосипед Двічі?","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fui-libraries\u002Fintroduction-to-ui-libraries","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F07.ui-libraries\u002F01.introduction-to-ui-libraries",{"title":2305,"path":2306,"stem":2307},"Філософія shadcn\u002Fui: \"Not a Component Library\"","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fui-libraries\u002Fshadcn-philosophy","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F07.ui-libraries\u002F02.shadcn-philosophy",{"title":2309,"path":2310,"stem":2311},"Установка та Налаштування shadcn\u002Fui","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fui-libraries\u002Fshadcn-installation","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F07.ui-libraries\u002F03.shadcn-installation",{"title":2313,"path":2314,"stem":2315},"Базові Компоненти shadcn\u002Fui: Фундамент Інтерфейсу","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fui-libraries\u002Fshadcn-components-basics","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F07.ui-libraries\u002F04.shadcn-components-basics",{"title":2317,"path":2318,"stem":2319},"Компоненти Форм: Побудова Інтерактивних Form","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fui-libraries\u002Fshadcn-components-forms","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F07.ui-libraries\u002F05.shadcn-components-forms",{"title":2321,"path":2322,"stem":2323},"Складні Компоненти: Dialog, Dropdown, Table та Command","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fui-libraries\u002Fshadcn-components-advanced","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F07.ui-libraries\u002F06.shadcn-components-advanced",{"title":2325,"icon":2326,"path":2327,"stem":2328,"children":2329,"page":59},"TypeScript","i-devicon-typescript","\u002Fjavascript\u002Ftypescript","03.javascript\u002F05.typescript",[2330,2334,2338,2342,2346,2350,2354,2358],{"title":2331,"path":2332,"stem":2333},"TypeScript: Броня для вашого коду","\u002Fjavascript\u002Ftypescript\u002Fintro-and-basic-types","03.javascript\u002F05.typescript\u002F01.intro-and-basic-types",{"title":2335,"path":2336,"stem":2337},"Майстерність Моделювання Даних: Інтерфейси та Просунуті Типи","\u002Fjavascript\u002Ftypescript\u002Finterfaces-and-advanced-types","03.javascript\u002F05.typescript\u002F02.interfaces-and-advanced-types",{"title":2339,"path":2340,"stem":2341},"Алхімія Типів: Generics та Utility Types","\u002Fjavascript\u002Ftypescript\u002Fgenerics-and-utilities","03.javascript\u002F05.typescript\u002F03.generics-and-utilities",{"title":2343,"path":2344,"stem":2345},"Архітектура та Шаблони: Класи в TypeScript","\u002Fjavascript\u002Ftypescript\u002Fclasses-and-oop","03.javascript\u002F05.typescript\u002F04.classes-and-oop",{"title":2347,"path":2348,"stem":2349},"Продакшн та Екосистема: Advanced Config & Workflow","\u002Fjavascript\u002Ftypescript\u002Fadvanced-patterns-and-config","03.javascript\u002F05.typescript\u002F05.advanced-patterns-and-config",{"title":2351,"path":2352,"stem":2353},"TypeScript у світі React","\u002Fjavascript\u002Ftypescript\u002Freact-basics","03.javascript\u002F05.typescript\u002F06.react-basics",{"title":2355,"path":2356,"stem":2357},"React + TypeScript: Продвинуті патерни","\u002Fjavascript\u002Ftypescript\u002Freact-advanced","03.javascript\u002F05.typescript\u002F07.react-advanced",{"title":2359,"path":2360,"stem":2361},"React + TypeScript: Екосистема та бібліотеки","\u002Fjavascript\u002Ftypescript\u002Freact-ecosystem","03.javascript\u002F05.typescript\u002F08.react-ecosystem",{"title":2363,"path":2364,"stem":2365},"Atomic Design","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fatomic-design","03.javascript\u002F2.atomic-design",{"title":2367,"icon":2368,"path":2369,"stem":2370,"children":2371,"page":59},"Java","i-devicon-java","\u002Fjava","04.java",[2372,2375,2378,2382,2386,2390,2394],{"title":162,"path":2373,"stem":2374},"\u002Fjava\u002Fdata-mapper-part1","04.java\u002F01.data-mapper-part1",{"title":166,"path":2376,"stem":2377},"\u002Fjava\u002Fdata-mapper-part2","04.java\u002F02.data-mapper-part2",{"title":2379,"path":2380,"stem":2381},"Service Layer: Організація бізнес-логіки","\u002Fjava\u002Fservice-layer","04.java\u002F03.service-layer",{"title":2383,"path":2384,"stem":2385},"Rich Domain Model та State Pattern","\u002Fjava\u002Frich-domain-model","04.java\u002F04.rich-domain-model",{"title":2387,"path":2388,"stem":2389},"Патерни для складної бізнес-логіки","\u002Fjava\u002Fbusiness-logic-patterns","04.java\u002F05.business-logic-patterns",{"title":2391,"path":2392,"stem":2393},"Обробка помилок та валідація","\u002Fjava\u002Ferror-handling-validation","04.java\u002F06.error-handling-validation",{"title":2395,"path":2396,"stem":2397,"children":2398,"page":59},"Проектування баз даних","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2","04.java\u002Fpr2",[2399,2403,2407,2411,2415,2419,2423,2427,2431,2435,2439,2443,2447,2451,2455,2459,2463,2467,2471,2475,2479,2483,2487,2491,2495,2499,2503,2507,2511,2515,2519,2523,2527,2531,2535,2539,2543],{"title":2400,"path":2401,"stem":2402},"Концептуальне моделювання: Мистецтво розуміння предметної області","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fconceptual-modeling","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F01.conceptual-modeling",{"title":2404,"path":2405,"stem":2406},"Логічне моделювання: Від бізнес-ідей до структур даних","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Flogical-modeling","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F02.logical-modeling",{"title":2408,"path":2409,"stem":2410},"Нормалізація: Гігієна даних та боротьба з аномаліями","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fnormalization","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F03.normalization",{"title":2412,"path":2413,"stem":2414},"Фізична схема: Від абстракції до DDL","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fphysical-schema","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F04.physical-schema",{"title":2416,"path":2417,"stem":2418},"Архітектурна класифікація таблиць","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Ftable-classification","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F05.table-classification",{"title":2420,"path":2421,"stem":2422},"Database Migrations: Версіонування схеми з Flyway","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fdatabase-migrations","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F06.database-migrations",{"title":2424,"path":2425,"stem":2426},"А що, якби це була не реляційна БД?","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fbeyond-relational","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F07.beyond-relational",{"title":2428,"path":2429,"stem":2430},"Object-Relational Impedance Mismatch: Два світи, що не хочуть дружити","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fimpedance-mismatch","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F09.impedance-mismatch",{"title":2432,"path":2433,"stem":2434},"JDBC: Перший контакт із базою даних","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fjdbc-fundamentals","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F10.jdbc-fundamentals",{"title":2436,"path":2437,"stem":2438},"Якість коду: Spotless, SpotBugs та SonarQube","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002F10a.code-quality","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F10a.code-quality",{"title":2440,"path":2441,"stem":2442},"Connection Pool: Патерн Object Pool для JDBC-з'єднань","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fconnection-pool","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F11.connection-pool",{"title":2444,"path":2445,"stem":2446},"Row Data Gateway: Об'єкт як обгортка рядка таблиці","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Frow-data-gateway","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F12.row-data-gateway",{"title":2448,"path":2449,"stem":2450},"Table Data Gateway: Фасад таблиці як архітектурний відступ","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Ftable-data-gateway","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F13.table-data-gateway",{"title":2452,"path":2453,"stem":2454},"Repository + Data Mapper: Правильна шарова архітектура з JDBC","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Frepository-data-mapper","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F14.repository-data-mapper",{"title":2456,"path":2457,"stem":2458},"Identity Map: Кешування сутностей у рамках сесії","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fidentity-map","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F15.identity-map",{"title":2460,"path":2461,"stem":2462},"Unit of Work: Відстеження змін і координація JDBC-транзакцій","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Funit-of-work","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F16.unit-of-work",{"title":2464,"path":2465,"stem":2466},"Strategy: Замінювані SQL-стратегії для підтримки різних СУБД","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fstrategy-sql","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F17.strategy-sql",{"title":2468,"path":2469,"stem":2470},"Proxy: Lazy Loading для One-To-Many колекцій","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fproxy-lazy-loading","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F18.proxy-lazy-loading",{"title":2472,"path":2473,"stem":2474},"Generic Repository через Java Reflection: анотації та динамічний SQL","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fgeneric-repository-reflection","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F19.generic-repository-reflection",{"title":2476,"path":2477,"stem":2478},"Specification Pattern: Композиція бізнес-правил для складних запитів","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fspecification-pattern","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F20.specification-pattern",{"title":2480,"path":2481,"stem":2482},"Розширені можливості Specification Pattern: підзапити, агрегації та гібридний підхід","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002F20a.advanced-specifications","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F20a.advanced-specifications",{"title":2484,"path":2485,"stem":2486},"Асинхронність у JDBC: Від блокуючих викликів до CompletableFuture","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fasynchronous-jdbc","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F21.asynchronous-jdbc",{"title":2488,"path":2489,"stem":2490},"Інтеграційне тестування JDBC-репозиторіїв: Embedded H2 та патерн AAA","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fintegration-testing-h2","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F22.integration-testing-h2",{"title":2492,"path":2493,"stem":2494},"Testcontainers: Тестування з реальною PostgreSQL у Docker-контейнерах","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fintegration-testing-testcontainers","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F23.integration-testing-testcontainers",{"title":2496,"path":2497,"stem":2498},"Google Guice: Впровадження залежностей у JavaFX-проєкті","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fdependency-injection-guice","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F24.dependency-injection-guice",{"title":2500,"path":2501,"stem":2502},"JavaFX: Основи побудови графічних інтерфейсів","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fjavafx-fundamentals","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F25.javafx-fundamentals",{"title":2504,"path":2505,"stem":2506},"Properties та Bindings: Реактивність у JavaFX","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fjavafx-properties-bindings","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F26.javafx-properties-bindings",{"title":2508,"path":2509,"stem":2510},"MVC vs MVP vs MVVM: Еволюція архітектурних патернів UI","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fui-architecture-patterns","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F27.ui-architecture-patterns",{"title":2512,"path":2513,"stem":2514},"MVVM на практиці: Побудова ViewModel","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fmvvm-viewmodel-implementation","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F28.mvvm-viewmodel-implementation",{"title":2516,"path":2517,"stem":2518},"View та Controller: Зв'язування з ViewModel через FXML","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fmvvm-view-controller","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F29.mvvm-view-controller",{"title":2520,"path":2521,"stem":2522},"Інтеграція MVVM з Guice: Автоматична ін'єкція залежностей","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fmvvm-guice-integration","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F30.mvvm-guice-integration",{"title":2524,"path":2525,"stem":2526},"Валідація та обробка помилок у MVVM","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fmvvm-validation-error-handling","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F31.mvvm-validation-error-handling",{"title":2528,"path":2529,"stem":2530},"Навігація та управління екранами у JavaFX MVVM","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fmvvm-navigation-screen-management","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F32.mvvm-navigation-screen-management",{"title":2532,"path":2533,"stem":2534},"Тестування JavaFX MVVM-додатків","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fmvvm-testing","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F33.mvvm-testing",{"title":2536,"path":2537,"stem":2538},"Стилізація та теми у JavaFX: CSS та User Experience","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fjavafx-styling-themes","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F34.javafx-styling-themes",{"title":2540,"path":2541,"stem":2542},"AtlantaFX: Сучасні теми для JavaFX додатків","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fatlantafx-modern-themes","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F35.atlantafx-modern-themes",{"title":2544,"path":2545,"stem":2546},"Пакування та розповсюдження JavaFX-додатків","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fjar-packaging-distribution","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F36.jar-packaging-distribution",{"title":2548,"icon":2549,"path":2550,"stem":2551,"children":2552,"page":59},"Python","i-devicon-python","\u002Fpython","05.python",[2553,2557,2560,2564,2568,2572,2576,2580,2584,2588,2592,2596,2600,2604,2608,2645],{"title":2554,"path":2555,"stem":2556},"Модулі, Пакети та Віртуальні Середовища","\u002Fpython\u002Fmodules-packages-venv","05.python\u002F00.modules-packages-venv",{"title":71,"path":2558,"stem":2559},"\u002Fpython\u002Fclasses-objects","05.python\u002F01.classes-objects",{"title":2561,"path":2562,"stem":2563},"Інкапсуляція, Керування Доступом та Властивості","\u002Fpython\u002Fencapsulation","05.python\u002F02.encapsulation",{"title":2565,"path":2566,"stem":2567},"Наслідування, MRO та суперсила super()","\u002Fpython\u002Finheritance-mro","05.python\u002F03.inheritance-mro",{"title":2569,"path":2570,"stem":2571},"Абстракція — ABC проти Статичних Протоколів (PEP 544)","\u002Fpython\u002Fabstraction-protocols","05.python\u002F04.abstraction-protocols",{"title":2573,"path":2574,"stem":2575},"Магічні методи (Dunder) та Емуляція протоколів","\u002Fpython\u002Fdunder-methods","05.python\u002F05.dunder-methods",{"title":2577,"path":2578,"stem":2579},"Декоратори та Керування життєвим циклом методів","\u002Fpython\u002Fdecorators-static-class","05.python\u002F06.decorators-static-class",{"title":2581,"path":2582,"stem":2583},"Дескриптори — Магія доступу до атрибутів","\u002Fpython\u002Fdescriptors","05.python\u002F07.descriptors",{"title":2585,"path":2586,"stem":2587},"Метакласи — Динамічне створення класів під капотом CPython","\u002Fpython\u002Fmetaclasses","05.python\u002F08.metaclasses",{"title":2589,"path":2590,"stem":2591},"Dataclasses, NamedTuple та сучасні контейнери Python","\u002Fpython\u002Fmodern-containers","05.python\u002F09.modern-containers",{"title":2593,"path":2594,"stem":2595},"GIL та модель конкурентності CPython — фундамент перед потоками і процесами","\u002Fpython\u002Fgil-concurrency-intro","05.python\u002F11.gil-concurrency-intro",{"title":2597,"path":2598,"stem":2599},"Threading — конкурентність для I\u002FO-bound задач","\u002Fpython\u002Fthreading","05.python\u002F12.threading",{"title":2601,"path":2602,"stem":2603},"Multiprocessing — справжній паралелізм для CPU-bound задач","\u002Fpython\u002Fmultiprocessing","05.python\u002F13.multiprocessing",{"title":2605,"path":2606,"stem":2607},"asyncio — кооперативна конкурентність та event loop","\u002Fpython\u002Fasyncio","05.python\u002F14.asyncio",{"title":2609,"icon":92,"path":2610,"stem":2611,"children":2612,"page":59},"FastAPI","\u002Fpython\u002Ffastapi","05.python\u002Ffastapi",[2613,2617,2621,2625,2629,2633,2637,2641],{"title":2614,"path":2615,"stem":2616},"Глибокий Typing та Pydantic v2 — від анотацій до валідації","\u002Fpython\u002Ffastapi\u002Ftyping-pydantic","05.python\u002Ffastapi\u002F15.typing-pydantic",{"title":2618,"path":2619,"stem":2620},"WSGI, ASGI та Python Web-екосистема","\u002Fpython\u002Ffastapi\u002Fwsgi-asgi-ecosystem","05.python\u002Ffastapi\u002F16.wsgi-asgi-ecosystem",{"title":2622,"path":2623,"stem":2624},"FastAPI: Перший додаток, Uvicorn та OpenAPI","\u002Fpython\u002Ffastapi\u002Ffastapi-intro","05.python\u002Ffastapi\u002F17.fastapi-intro",{"title":2626,"path":2627,"stem":2628},"Маршрутизація, параметри запитів та APIRouter","\u002Fpython\u002Ffastapi\u002Ffastapi-routing-params","05.python\u002Ffastapi\u002F18.fastapi-routing-params",{"title":2630,"path":2631,"stem":2632},"Pydantic v2 у FastAPI — схеми, валідація та серіалізація","\u002Fpython\u002Ffastapi\u002Ffastapi-pydantic-schemas","05.python\u002Ffastapi\u002F19.fastapi-pydantic-schemas",{"title":2634,"path":2635,"stem":2636},"Dependency Injection — серце архітектури FastAPI","\u002Fpython\u002Ffastapi\u002Ffastapi-dependency-injection","05.python\u002Ffastapi\u002F20.fastapi-dependency-injection",{"title":2638,"path":2639,"stem":2640},"Обробка помилок, Middleware та CORS у FastAPI","\u002Fpython\u002Ffastapi\u002Ffastapi-errors-middleware","05.python\u002Ffastapi\u002F21.fastapi-errors-middleware",{"title":2642,"path":2643,"stem":2644},"SQLAlchemy 2.0 — ORM, Core та Async Engine","\u002Fpython\u002Ffastapi\u002Fsqlalchemy-orm","05.python\u002Ffastapi\u002F22.sqlalchemy-orm",{"title":2646,"path":2647,"stem":2648},"[object Object]","\u002Fpython\u002Foop-plan","05.python\u002Foop-plan",{"title":2650,"icon":2651,"path":2652,"stem":2653,"children":2654,"page":59},"Бази даних","i-lucide-database","\u002Fdatabases","06.databases",[2655,2685,2708,2745,2774,2792,2826,2838,2847],{"title":2656,"icon":2657,"path":2658,"stem":2659,"children":2660,"page":59},"Intro","i-lucide-play","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fintro","06.databases\u002F01.intro",[2661,2665,2669,2673,2677,2681],{"title":2662,"path":2663,"stem":2664},"Введення в теорію баз даних","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fintro\u002Fintroduction-to-databases","06.databases\u002F01.intro\u002F01.introduction-to-databases",{"title":2666,"path":2667,"stem":2668},"Реляційна модель даних","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fintro\u002Frelational-model-theory","06.databases\u002F01.intro\u002F02.relational-model-theory",{"title":2670,"path":2671,"stem":2672},"ER-моделювання","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fintro\u002Fer-modeling","06.databases\u002F01.intro\u002F03.er-modeling",{"title":2674,"path":2675,"stem":2676},"Логічне проектування БД","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fintro\u002Flogical-schema","06.databases\u002F01.intro\u002F04.logical-schema",{"title":2678,"path":2679,"stem":2680},"Класифікація таблиць","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fintro\u002Ftable-classification","06.databases\u002F01.intro\u002F05.table-classification",{"title":2682,"path":2683,"stem":2684},"PlantUML для баз даних","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fintro\u002Fplantuml-diagrams","06.databases\u002F01.intro\u002F06.plantuml-diagrams",{"title":2686,"icon":2651,"path":2687,"stem":2688,"children":2689,"page":59},"MS SQL Server Start","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fms-sql-server-start","06.databases\u002F02.ms-sql-server-start",[2690,2694,2700,2704],{"title":2691,"path":2692,"stem":2693},"Типи даних у MS SQL Server","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fms-sql-server-start\u002Fdata-types","06.databases\u002F02.ms-sql-server-start\u002F01.data-types",{"title":2695,"path":2696,"stem":2697,"children":2698},"Індекси у MS SQL Server","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fms-sql-server-start\u002Fsql-indexes","06.databases\u002F02.ms-sql-server-start\u002F02.sql-indexes",[2699],{"title":2695,"path":2696,"stem":2697},{"title":2701,"path":2702,"stem":2703},"Системні бази даних MS SQL Server","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fms-sql-server-start\u002Fsystem-databases","06.databases\u002F02.ms-sql-server-start\u002F03.system-databases",{"title":2705,"path":2706,"stem":2707},"Огляд мови SQL та запитів","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fms-sql-server-start\u002Fsql-queries-overview","06.databases\u002F02.ms-sql-server-start\u002F04.sql-queries-overview",{"title":2709,"icon":2651,"path":2710,"stem":2711,"children":2712,"page":59},"SQL","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fsql","06.databases\u002F03.sql",[2713,2717,2721,2725,2729,2733,2737,2741],{"title":2714,"path":2715,"stem":2716},"Налаштування демонстраційної бази даних","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fsql\u002Fsample-database-setup","06.databases\u002F03.sql\u002F00.sample-database-setup",{"title":2718,"path":2719,"stem":2720},"DDL - Створення таблиць (CREATE TABLE)","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fsql\u002Fddl-create-table","06.databases\u002F03.sql\u002F01.ddl-create-table",{"title":2722,"path":2723,"stem":2724},"DDL - Зміна та видалення таблиць (ALTER, DROP)","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fsql\u002Fddl-alter-drop-table","06.databases\u002F03.sql\u002F02.ddl-alter-drop-table",{"title":2726,"path":2727,"stem":2728},"SELECT запити - Основи","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fsql\u002Fselect-queries-fundamentals","06.databases\u002F03.sql\u002F03.select-queries-fundamentals",{"title":2730,"path":2731,"stem":2732},"SELECT запити - Розширені можливості","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fsql\u002Fselect-queries-advanced","06.databases\u002F03.sql\u002F04.select-queries-advanced",{"title":2734,"path":2735,"stem":2736},"INSERT запити - Додавання даних","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fsql\u002Finsert-queries","06.databases\u002F03.sql\u002F05.insert-queries",{"title":2738,"path":2739,"stem":2740},"UPDATE та DELETE запити","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fsql\u002Fupdate-delete-queries","06.databases\u002F03.sql\u002F06.update-delete-queries",{"title":2742,"path":2743,"stem":2744},"Транзакції в SQL","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fsql\u002Ftransactions","06.databases\u002F03.sql\u002F07.transactions",{"title":2746,"icon":2651,"path":2747,"stem":2748,"children":2749,"page":59},"Multi Table Databases","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fmulti-table-databases","06.databases\u002F04.multi-table-databases",[2750,2754,2758,2762,2766,2770],{"title":2751,"path":2752,"stem":2753},"Зв'язки та нормалізація БД","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fmulti-table-databases\u002Frelationships-and-normalization","06.databases\u002F04.multi-table-databases\u002F00.relationships-and-normalization",{"title":2755,"path":2756,"stem":2757},"INNER JOIN - З'єднання таблиць","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fmulti-table-databases\u002Finner-join","06.databases\u002F04.multi-table-databases\u002F01.inner-join",{"title":2759,"path":2760,"stem":2761},"OUTER JOINs - LEFT, RIGHT, FULL","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fmulti-table-databases\u002Fouter-joins","06.databases\u002F04.multi-table-databases\u002F02.outer-joins",{"title":2763,"path":2764,"stem":2765},"CROSS та SELF JOINs","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fmulti-table-databases\u002Fcross-self-joins","06.databases\u002F04.multi-table-databases\u002F03.cross-self-joins",{"title":2767,"path":2768,"stem":2769},"Підзапити (Subqueries)","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fmulti-table-databases\u002Fsubqueries","06.databases\u002F04.multi-table-databases\u002F04.subqueries",{"title":2771,"path":2772,"stem":2773},"Агрегації з JOIN","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fmulti-table-databases\u002Faggregations-with-joins","06.databases\u002F04.multi-table-databases\u002F05.aggregations-with-joins",{"title":2775,"icon":2776,"path":2777,"stem":2778,"children":2779,"page":59},"Aggregate Functions","i-lucide-calculator","\u002Fdatabases\u002Faggregate-functions","06.databases\u002F05.aggregate-functions",[2780,2784,2788],{"title":2781,"path":2782,"stem":2783},"Функції агрегування в MS SQL Server","\u002Fdatabases\u002Faggregate-functions\u002Fintroduction-aggregate-functions","06.databases\u002F05.aggregate-functions\u002F01.introduction-aggregate-functions",{"title":2785,"path":2786,"stem":2787},"Групування даних в MS SQL Server","\u002Fdatabases\u002Faggregate-functions\u002Fgrouping-data","06.databases\u002F05.aggregate-functions\u002F02.grouping-data",{"title":2789,"path":2790,"stem":2791},"Підзапити з агрегатними функціями","\u002Fdatabases\u002Faggregate-functions\u002Fsubqueries-aggregates","06.databases\u002F05.aggregate-functions\u002F03.subqueries-aggregates",{"title":2793,"icon":2794,"path":2795,"stem":2796,"children":2797,"page":59},"Тригери та зберігаємі процедури","i-lucide-database-zap","\u002Fdatabases\u002Ftriggers-stored-procedures","06.databases\u002F07.triggers-stored-procedures",[2798,2802,2806,2810,2814,2818,2822],{"title":2799,"path":2800,"stem":2801},"DML-тригери","\u002Fdatabases\u002Ftriggers-stored-procedures\u002Fdml-triggers","06.databases\u002F07.triggers-stored-procedures\u002F01.dml-triggers",{"title":2803,"path":2804,"stem":2805},"DDL-тригери","\u002Fdatabases\u002Ftriggers-stored-procedures\u002Fddl-triggers","06.databases\u002F07.triggers-stored-procedures\u002F02.ddl-triggers",{"title":2807,"path":2808,"stem":2809},"Transact-SQL розширення","\u002Fdatabases\u002Ftriggers-stored-procedures\u002Ftransact-sql-extensions","06.databases\u002F07.triggers-stored-procedures\u002F03.transact-sql-extensions",{"title":2811,"path":2812,"stem":2813},"Транзакції","\u002Fdatabases\u002Ftriggers-stored-procedures\u002Ftransactions","06.databases\u002F07.triggers-stored-procedures\u002F04.transactions",{"title":2815,"path":2816,"stem":2817},"Зберігаємі процедури","\u002Fdatabases\u002Ftriggers-stored-procedures\u002Fstored-procedures","06.databases\u002F07.triggers-stored-procedures\u002F05.stored-procedures",{"title":2819,"path":2820,"stem":2821},"Користувацькі функції","\u002Fdatabases\u002Ftriggers-stored-procedures\u002Fuser-defined-functions","06.databases\u002F07.triggers-stored-procedures\u002F06.user-defined-functions",{"title":2823,"path":2824,"stem":2825},"Безпека баз даних","\u002Fdatabases\u002Ftriggers-stored-procedures\u002Fsecurity","06.databases\u002F07.triggers-stored-procedures\u002F08.security",{"title":2823,"icon":793,"path":2827,"stem":2828,"children":2829,"page":59},"\u002Fdatabases\u002Fsecurity","06.databases\u002F08.security",[2830,2834],{"title":2831,"path":2832,"stem":2833},"Вступ до безпеки баз даних","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fsecurity\u002Fintroduction","06.databases\u002F08.security\u002F01.introduction",{"title":2835,"path":2836,"stem":2837},"Системні представлення та метадані","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fsecurity\u002Fsystem-views","06.databases\u002F08.security\u002F02.system-views",{"title":2839,"icon":2840,"path":2841,"stem":2842,"children":2843,"page":59},"Резервне копіювання та відновлення","i-lucide-database-backup","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fbackup-recovery","06.databases\u002F09.backup-recovery",[2844],{"title":2839,"path":2845,"stem":2846},"\u002Fdatabases\u002Fbackup-recovery\u002Fbackup-restore","06.databases\u002F09.backup-recovery\u002F01.backup-restore",{"title":2848,"icon":2849,"path":2850,"stem":2851,"children":2852,"page":59},"Повнотекстовий пошук","i-lucide-search","\u002Fdatabases\u002Ffull-text-search","06.databases\u002F10.full-text-search",[2853],{"title":2848,"path":2854,"stem":2855},"\u002Fdatabases\u002Ffull-text-search\u002Ffull-text-search","06.databases\u002F10.full-text-search\u002F01.full-text-search",{"title":2857,"icon":2858,"path":2859,"stem":2860,"children":2861,"page":59},"Tools","i-lucide-wrench","\u002Ftools","07.tools",[2862,2938],{"title":2863,"icon":2864,"path":2865,"stem":2866,"children":2867},"Docker","i-simple-icons-docker","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002Findex",[2868,2870,2874,2878,2882,2886,2890,2894,2898,2902,2906,2910,2914,2918,2922,2926,2930,2934],{"title":2869,"path":2865,"stem":2866},"Docker: від нуля до production",{"title":2871,"path":2872,"stem":2873},"Контейнеризація — від проблеми до рішення","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fcontainerization-concept","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F01.containerization-concept",{"title":2875,"path":2876,"stem":2877},"Docker — що це і навіщо?","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fdocker-what-and-why","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F02.docker-what-and-why",{"title":2879,"path":2880,"stem":2881},"Архітектура Docker Engine","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fdocker-architecture","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F03.docker-architecture",{"title":2883,"path":2884,"stem":2885},"Встановлення Docker","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Finstallation","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F04.installation",{"title":2887,"path":2888,"stem":2889},"Перший контейнер — docker run","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Ffirst-container","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F05.first-container",{"title":2891,"path":2892,"stem":2893},"Життєвий цикл контейнера","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fcontainer-lifecycle","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F06.container-lifecycle",{"title":2895,"path":2896,"stem":2897},"Docker Images — фундаментальні концепції","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fdocker-images-fundamentals","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F07.docker-images-fundamentals",{"title":2899,"path":2900,"stem":2901},"Dockerfile — основи","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fdockerfile-basics","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F08.dockerfile-basics",{"title":2903,"path":2904,"stem":2905},"Dockerfile — просунуті техніки","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fdockerfile-advanced","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F09.dockerfile-advanced",{"title":2907,"path":2908,"stem":2909},"Build Context та кешування шарів","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fbuild-context-and-cache","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F10.build-context-and-cache",{"title":2911,"path":2912,"stem":2913},"Реєстри Docker-образів","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fimage-registries","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F11.image-registries",{"title":2915,"path":2916,"stem":2917},"Контейнеризація .NET додатків","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fdotnet-containerization","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F12.dotnet-containerization",{"title":2919,"path":2920,"stem":2921},"Томи та збереження даних","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fvolumes-and-data","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F13.volumes-and-data",{"title":2923,"path":2924,"stem":2925},"Основи мережі в Docker","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fnetworking-basics","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F14.networking-basics",{"title":2927,"path":2928,"stem":2929},"Змінні оточення та конфігурація","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fenvironment-and-configuration","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F15.environment-and-configuration",{"title":2931,"path":2932,"stem":2933},"Docker Compose — оркестрація контейнерів","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fdocker-compose-basics","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F16.docker-compose-basics",{"title":2935,"path":2936,"stem":2937},"Docker Compose — Multi-Service застосунки","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fcompose-multi-service","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F17.compose-multi-service",{"title":2939,"icon":2940,"path":2941,"stem":2942,"children":2943},"Kubernetes","simple-icons:kubernetes","\u002Ftools\u002Fkubernetes","07.tools\u002F02.kubernetes\u002Findex",[2944,2946,2950,2954,2958,2962,2966,2970,2974],{"title":2945,"path":2941,"stem":2942},"Kubernetes: від розробки до production",{"title":2947,"path":2948,"stem":2949},"Kubernetes — коли Docker Compose більше не вистачає","\u002Ftools\u002Fkubernetes\u002Fwhy-kubernetes","07.tools\u002F02.kubernetes\u002F01.why-kubernetes",{"title":2951,"path":2952,"stem":2953},"Архітектура Kubernetes — анатомія кластера","\u002Ftools\u002Fkubernetes\u002Fkubernetes-architecture","07.tools\u002F02.kubernetes\u002F02.kubernetes-architecture",{"title":2955,"path":2956,"stem":2957},"Локальне середовище — minikube, kind та k3s","\u002Ftools\u002Fkubernetes\u002Flocal-environment","07.tools\u002F02.kubernetes\u002F03.local-environment",{"title":2959,"path":2960,"stem":2961},"Pod — атомарна одиниця Kubernetes","\u002Ftools\u002Fkubernetes\u002Fpods-and-containers","07.tools\u002F02.kubernetes\u002F04.pods-and-containers",{"title":2963,"path":2964,"stem":2965},"Патерни використання Pod","\u002Ftools\u002Fkubernetes\u002Fpod-patterns","07.tools\u002F02.kubernetes\u002F05.pod-patterns",{"title":2967,"path":2968,"stem":2969},"Deployment — декларативне управління Pod","\u002Ftools\u002Fkubernetes\u002Fdeployment-basics","07.tools\u002F02.kubernetes\u002F06.deployment-basics",{"title":2971,"path":2972,"stem":2973},"Rolling Updates та управління життєвим циклом Deployment","\u002Ftools\u002Fkubernetes\u002Fdeployment-rolling-updates","07.tools\u002F02.kubernetes\u002F07.deployment-rolling-updates",{"title":2975,"path":2976,"stem":2977},"Service — мережева абстракція для Pod","\u002Ftools\u002Fkubernetes\u002Fservices-networking","07.tools\u002F02.kubernetes\u002F08.services-networking",{"title":2979,"icon":2980,"path":2981,"stem":2982,"children":2983,"page":59},"Software Engineering","i-lucide-code-2","\u002Fsoftware-engineering","09.software-engineering",[2984,2988,2992,2996,3000,3004,3008,3012,3016,3020,3024],{"title":2985,"path":2986,"stem":2987},"1. Аналіз предметної області. Експертні знання та складність","\u002Fsoftware-engineering\u002Fintro-subdomains","09.software-engineering\u002F01.intro-subdomains",{"title":2989,"path":2990,"stem":2991},"2. Обмежені контексти. Інтеграція обмежених контекстів","\u002Fsoftware-engineering\u002Fintegrating-limited-contexts","09.software-engineering\u002F02.integrating-limited-contexts",{"title":2993,"path":2994,"stem":2995},"3. Реалізація простої бізнес-логіки","\u002Fsoftware-engineering\u002Fsimple","09.software-engineering\u002F03.simple",{"title":2997,"path":2998,"stem":2999},"4. Опрацювання складної бізнес-логіки","\u002Fsoftware-engineering\u002Fcomplex-business-logic","09.software-engineering\u002F04.complex-business-logic",{"title":3001,"path":3002,"stem":3003},"5. Моделювання фактора часу. Подієво-орієнтована архітектура.","\u002Fsoftware-engineering\u002Fmodelling-the-time-factor","09.software-engineering\u002F05.modelling-the-time-factor",{"title":3005,"path":3006,"stem":3007},"6. Архітектурні патерни","\u002Fsoftware-engineering\u002Farchitectural-patterns","09.software-engineering\u002F06.architectural-patterns",{"title":3009,"path":3010,"stem":3011},"Паттерни взаємодії","\u002Fsoftware-engineering\u002Fpatterns-of-interaction","09.software-engineering\u002F07.patterns-of-interaction",{"title":3013,"path":3014,"stem":3015},"Евристика проєктування","\u002Fsoftware-engineering\u002Fdesign-heuristics","09.software-engineering\u002F08.design-heuristics",{"title":3017,"path":3018,"stem":3019},"Еволюція проєктних рішень","\u002Fsoftware-engineering\u002Fevolution-of-design-solutions","09.software-engineering\u002F09.evolution-of-design-solutions",{"title":3021,"path":3022,"stem":3023},"EventStorming","\u002Fsoftware-engineering\u002Feventstorming","09.software-engineering\u002F10.eventstorming",{"title":3025,"path":3026,"stem":3027},"DDD на практиці","\u002Fsoftware-engineering\u002Fddd-in-practice","09.software-engineering\u002F11.ddd-in-practice",{"title":3029,"icon":943,"path":3030,"stem":3031,"children":3032,"page":59},"DDD","\u002Fddd","10.ddd",[3033,3037,3041,3045,3049,3053,3057,3061,3065,3069,3073,3077,3081],{"title":3034,"path":3035,"stem":3036},"Аналіз предметної області","\u002Fddd\u002Fdomain-analysis","10.ddd\u002F01.domain-analysis",{"title":3038,"path":3039,"stem":3040},"Експертні знання про предметну область","\u002Fddd\u002Fdomain-expert-knowledge","10.ddd\u002F02.domain-expert-knowledge",{"title":3042,"path":3043,"stem":3044},"Як осмислити складність предметної області","\u002Fddd\u002Fmanaging-domain-complexity","10.ddd\u002F03.managing-domain-complexity",{"title":3046,"path":3047,"stem":3048},"Інтеграція обмежених контекстів","\u002Fddd\u002Fbounded-context-integration","10.ddd\u002F04.bounded-context-integration",{"title":3050,"path":3051,"stem":3052},"Реалізація простої бізнес-логіки","\u002Fddd\u002Fsimple-business-logic","10.ddd\u002F05.simple-business-logic",{"title":3054,"path":3055,"stem":3056},"Обробка складної бізнес-логіки","\u002Fddd\u002Fcomplex-business-logic","10.ddd\u002F06.complex-business-logic",{"title":3058,"path":3059,"stem":3060},"Моделювання фактора часу","\u002Fddd\u002Ftime-modeling","10.ddd\u002F07.time-modeling",{"title":3062,"path":3063,"stem":3064},"Глава 8. Архітектурні Патерни","\u002Fddd\u002Farchitectural-patterns","10.ddd\u002F08.architectural-patterns",{"title":3066,"path":3067,"stem":3068},"Глава 9. Патерни Взаємодії","\u002Fddd\u002Finteraction-patterns","10.ddd\u002F09.interaction-patterns",{"title":3070,"path":3071,"stem":3072},"Глава 10. Проектні Евристики","\u002Fddd\u002Fdesign-heuristics","10.ddd\u002F10.design-heuristics",{"title":3074,"path":3075,"stem":3076},"Глава 11. Еволюція Проектних Рішень","\u002Fddd\u002Fevolution-of-design-decisions","10.ddd\u002F11.evolution-of-design-decisions",{"title":3078,"path":3079,"stem":3080},"Глава 12. EventStorming","\u002Fddd\u002Fevent-storming","10.ddd\u002F12.event-storming",{"title":3082,"path":3083,"stem":3084},"Глава 13. DDD на Практиці","\u002Fddd\u002Fddd-in-practice","10.ddd\u002F13.ddd-in-practice",{"title":3086,"icon":3087,"path":3088,"stem":3089,"children":3090,"page":59},"Media Streaming","i-lucide-video","\u002Fmedia-streaming","11.media-streaming",[3091,3095,3099,3103,3107,3111,3115],{"title":3092,"path":3093,"stem":3094},"01. Магія Стрімінгу: Що відбувається, коли ви натискаєте \"Play\"","\u002Fmedia-streaming\u002Fintroduction","11.media-streaming\u002F01.introduction",{"title":3096,"path":3097,"stem":3098},"02. Анатомія Медіа: Кодеки, Контейнери та Стиснення","\u002Fmedia-streaming\u002Faudio-video-anatomy","11.media-streaming\u002F02.audio-video-anatomy",{"title":3100,"path":3101,"stem":3102},"03. The Gym: FFmpeg Deep Dive","\u002Fmedia-streaming\u002Fffmpeg-gym","11.media-streaming\u002F03.ffmpeg-gym",{"title":3104,"path":3105,"stem":3106},"04. HLS Protocol: HTTP Live Streaming у Деталях","\u002Fmedia-streaming\u002Fhls-protocol","11.media-streaming\u002F04.hls-protocol",{"title":3108,"path":3109,"stem":3110},"05. DASH Protocol: Відкритий Стандарт","\u002Fmedia-streaming\u002Fdash-protocol","11.media-streaming\u002F05.dash-protocol",{"title":3112,"path":3113,"stem":3114},"06. Масштабування: CDN та Adaptive Bitrate","\u002Fmedia-streaming\u002Fcdn-and-adaptive-bitrate","11.media-streaming\u002F06.cdn-and-adaptive-bitrate",{"title":3116,"path":3117,"stem":3118},"07. Війна із Затримкою (Latency)","\u002Fmedia-streaming\u002Frealtime-latency","11.media-streaming\u002F07.realtime-latency",{"title":3120,"icon":3121,"path":3122,"stem":3123,"children":3124,"page":59},"HTML & CSS","i-devicon-html5","\u002Fhtml-css","12.html-css",[3125,3129,3133,3137,3141,3145,3149,3153,3157,3161,3165,3169,3173,3177,3181,3185,3189,3193,3197,3201,3205,3209,3213,3217,3221,3225,3229,3233,3237,3241],{"title":3126,"path":3127,"stem":3128},"Вступ до HTML. Структура документа","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fintro-html-structure","12.html-css\u002F01.intro-html-structure",{"title":3130,"path":3131,"stem":3132},"Форматування тексту в HTML","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fhtml-text-formatting","12.html-css\u002F02.html-text-formatting",{"title":3134,"path":3135,"stem":3136},"Посилання та зображення в HTML","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fhtml-links-images","12.html-css\u002F03.html-links-images",{"title":3138,"path":3139,"stem":3140},"Списки та таблиці в HTML","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fhtml-lists-tables","12.html-css\u002F04.html-lists-tables",{"title":3142,"path":3143,"stem":3144},"Форми в HTML","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fhtml-forms","12.html-css\u002F05.html-forms",{"title":3146,"path":3147,"stem":3148},"Семантичні елементи HTML5","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fhtml-semantic-elements","12.html-css\u002F06.html-semantic-elements",{"title":3150,"path":3151,"stem":3152},"Мультимедіа та розширені елементи HTML","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fhtml-multimedia-advanced","12.html-css\u002F07.html-multimedia-advanced",{"title":3154,"path":3155,"stem":3156},"Мікророзмітка та SEO в HTML","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fhtml-microdata-seo","12.html-css\u002F08.html-microdata-seo",{"title":3158,"path":3159,"stem":3160},"Вступ до CSS. Селектори та специфічність","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-intro-selectors","12.html-css\u002F09.css-intro-selectors",{"title":3162,"path":3163,"stem":3164},"Блокова модель CSS. Відступи. Box Sizing","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-box-model","12.html-css\u002F10.css-box-model",{"title":3166,"path":3167,"stem":3168},"Розміри у CSS: повний довідник одиниць і ключових слів","\u002Fhtml-css\u002F10a.css-sizing","12.html-css\u002F10a.css-sizing",{"title":3170,"path":3171,"stem":3172},"Типографіка в CSS. Шрифти та текст","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-typography","12.html-css\u002F11.css-typography",{"title":3174,"path":3175,"stem":3176},"Кольори та фони в CSS","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-colors-backgrounds","12.html-css\u002F12.css-colors-backgrounds",{"title":3178,"path":3179,"stem":3180},"Тіні та фільтри в CSS","\u002Fhtml-css\u002F12b.css-shadows-filters","12.html-css\u002F12b.css-shadows-filters",{"title":3182,"path":3183,"stem":3184},"CSS Flexbox: Фундамент гнучких макетів","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-flexbox-fundamentals","12.html-css\u002F13.css-flexbox-fundamentals",{"title":3186,"path":3187,"stem":3188},"CSS Flexbox: Вирівнювання та Позиціонування","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-flexbox-alignment-sizing-and-patterns","12.html-css\u002F14.css-flexbox-alignment-sizing-and-patterns",{"title":3190,"path":3191,"stem":3192},"CSS Grid. Двовимірний макет. Частина 1","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-layout-grid","12.html-css\u002F15.css-layout-grid",{"title":3194,"path":3195,"stem":3196},"CSS Grid. Двовимірний макет. Частина 2","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-layout-grid-advanced","12.html-css\u002F16.css-layout-grid-advanced",{"title":3198,"path":3199,"stem":3200},"Позиціонування в CSS. Z-index. Stacking Context","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-positioning","12.html-css\u002F17.css-positioning",{"title":3202,"path":3203,"stem":3204},"CSS Анімації та Переходи","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-animations-transitions","12.html-css\u002F18.css-animations-transitions",{"title":3206,"path":3207,"stem":3208},"Адаптивний дизайн. Media Queries. Частина 1","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-responsive-media-queries","12.html-css\u002F19.css-responsive-media-queries",{"title":3210,"path":3211,"stem":3212},"Адаптивний дизайн. Частина 2: clamp(), Container Queries, @layer","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-responsive-advanced","12.html-css\u002F20.css-responsive-advanced",{"title":3214,"path":3215,"stem":3216},"CSS Custom Properties. Методології. Сучасний CSS","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-variables-methodologies","12.html-css\u002F21.css-variables-methodologies",{"title":3218,"path":3219,"stem":3220},"Сучасний CSS 2023–2025: Нові можливості","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-modern-features","12.html-css\u002F22.css-modern-features",{"title":3222,"path":3223,"stem":3224},"CSS Nesting, @layer, @scope та @property: нативний препроцесор","\u002Fhtml-css\u002F22a.css-nesting-modern-syntax","12.html-css\u002F22a.css-nesting-modern-syntax",{"title":3226,"path":3227,"stem":3228},"CSS для форм та інтерактивних станів","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-forms-interactive-states","12.html-css\u002F23.css-forms-interactive-states",{"title":3230,"path":3231,"stem":3232},"Доступність у CSS (CSS Accessibility)","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-accessibility","12.html-css\u002F24.css-accessibility",{"title":3234,"path":3235,"stem":3236},"CSS-функції та сучасні sizing primitives","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-functions-sizing","12.html-css\u002F25.css-functions-sizing",{"title":3238,"path":3239,"stem":3240},"Rendering Pipeline і CSS Performance","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-rendering-performance","12.html-css\u002F26.css-rendering-performance",{"title":3242,"path":3243,"stem":3244},"CSS Best Practices: типові ситуації та правильні рішення","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-best-practices","12.html-css\u002F27.css-best-practices",{"title":3246,"path":3247,"stem":3248,"children":3249,"page":59},"AWS","\u002Faws","13.aws",[3250,3254,3258,3262,3266,3270,3274,3278,3282,3286,3290,3294,3298,3302,3306,3310,3314,3318],{"title":3251,"path":3252,"stem":3253},"Реєстрація AWS акаунту та студентські програми","\u002Faws\u002Faccount-registration","13.aws\u002F00.account-registration",{"title":3255,"path":3256,"stem":3257},"Вступ до хмарних обчислень та AWS","\u002Faws\u002Fintroduction-to-cloud","13.aws\u002F01.introduction-to-cloud",{"title":3259,"path":3260,"stem":3261},"AWS IAM — Identity and Access Management","\u002Faws\u002Fiam","13.aws\u002F02.iam",{"title":3263,"path":3264,"stem":3265},"AWS IAM CLI — Довідник команд","\u002Faws\u002F02a.iam-doc","13.aws\u002F02a.iam-doc",{"title":3267,"path":3268,"stem":3269},"Docker та контейнеризація в AWS — ECR, ECS та Fargate","\u002Faws\u002Fdocker-ecs","13.aws\u002F03.docker-ecs",{"title":3271,"path":3272,"stem":3273},"AWS ECR \u002F ECS CLI — Довідник команд","\u002Faws\u002F03a.docker-ecs-doc","13.aws\u002F03a.docker-ecs-doc",{"title":3275,"path":3276,"stem":3277},"Amazon EC2 — Elastic Compute Cloud","\u002Faws\u002Fec2","13.aws\u002F04.ec2",{"title":3279,"path":3280,"stem":3281},"AWS EC2 CLI — Довідник команд","\u002Faws\u002F04a.ec2-doc","13.aws\u002F04a.ec2-doc",{"title":3283,"path":3284,"stem":3285},"Elastic Load Balancing та Auto Scaling","\u002Faws\u002Falb-asg","13.aws\u002F05.alb-asg",{"title":3287,"path":3288,"stem":3289},"Amazon S3 — Simple Storage Service","\u002Faws\u002Fs3","13.aws\u002F06.s3",{"title":3291,"path":3292,"stem":3293},"Amazon CloudFront — Content Delivery Network","\u002Faws\u002Fcloudfront","13.aws\u002F07.cloudfront",{"title":3295,"path":3296,"stem":3297},"Amazon RDS — Relational Database Service","\u002Faws\u002Frds","13.aws\u002F08.rds",{"title":3299,"path":3300,"stem":3301},"Amazon DynamoDB — NoSQL Database","\u002Faws\u002Fdynamodb","13.aws\u002F09.dynamodb",{"title":3303,"path":3304,"stem":3305},"AWS Lambda та Serverless Compute","\u002Faws\u002Flambda","13.aws\u002F10.lambda",{"title":3307,"path":3308,"stem":3309},"Amazon Bedrock - Foundation Models, RAG та Agents","\u002Faws\u002Fbedrock","13.aws\u002F22.bedrock",{"title":3311,"path":3312,"stem":3313},"Amazon Rekognition - Комп'ютерний зір","\u002Faws\u002Frekognition","13.aws\u002F23.rekognition",{"title":3315,"path":3316,"stem":3317},"Amazon Textract - Інтелектуальний аналіз документів","\u002Faws\u002Ftextract","13.aws\u002F24.textract",{"title":3319,"path":3320,"stem":3321},"Amazon Polly, Transcribe, Comprehend та Translate","\u002Faws\u002Faudio-nlp-services","13.aws\u002F25.audio-nlp-services",{"title":3323,"path":3324,"stem":3325,"children":3326,"page":59},"Tailwind","\u002Ftailwind","21.tailwind",[3327,3331,3335,3339,3343,3347,3351,3355,3359,3363,3367,3371],{"title":3328,"path":3329,"stem":3330},"Що таке Tailwind CSS і навіщо він потрібен","\u002Ftailwind\u002Ftailwind-intro-philosophy","21.tailwind\u002F01.tailwind-intro-philosophy",{"title":3332,"path":3333,"stem":3334},"Встановлення та налаштування Tailwind CSS v4","\u002Ftailwind\u002Ftailwind-installation-setup","21.tailwind\u002F02.tailwind-installation-setup",{"title":3336,"path":3337,"stem":3338},"Utility-класи: основи та система Tailwind","\u002Ftailwind\u002Ftailwind-utility-classes-core","21.tailwind\u002F03.tailwind-utility-classes-core",{"title":3340,"path":3341,"stem":3342},"Layout: Flexbox та Grid через Tailwind","\u002Ftailwind\u002Ftailwind-flexbox-grid","21.tailwind\u002F04.tailwind-flexbox-grid",{"title":3344,"path":3345,"stem":3346},"Кастомізація теми через @theme у Tailwind v4","\u002Ftailwind\u002Ftailwind-theme-customization","21.tailwind\u002F05.tailwind-theme-customization",{"title":3348,"path":3349,"stem":3350},"Варіанти: hover, focus, responsive, dark mode та нові v4","\u002Ftailwind\u002Ftailwind-variants-states","21.tailwind\u002F06.tailwind-variants-states",{"title":3352,"path":3353,"stem":3354},"Типографіка та система кольорів у Tailwind v4","\u002Ftailwind\u002Ftailwind-typography-colors","21.tailwind\u002F07.tailwind-typography-colors",{"title":3356,"path":3357,"stem":3358},"Компоненти та повторюваність: @apply, @utility та патерни","\u002Ftailwind\u002Ftailwind-components-patterns","21.tailwind\u002F08.tailwind-components-patterns",{"title":3360,"path":3361,"stem":3362},"Темна тема та система дизайн-токенів у Tailwind v4","\u002Ftailwind\u002Ftailwind-dark-mode-theming","21.tailwind\u002F09.tailwind-dark-mode-theming",{"title":3364,"path":3365,"stem":3366},"Довільні значення та контейнерні запити у Tailwind v4","\u002Ftailwind\u002Ftailwind-arbitrary-container-queries","21.tailwind\u002F10.tailwind-arbitrary-container-queries",{"title":3368,"path":3369,"stem":3370},"Анімації, трансформації та 3D у Tailwind v4","\u002Ftailwind\u002Ftailwind-animations-transforms","21.tailwind\u002F11.tailwind-animations-transforms",{"title":3372,"path":3373,"stem":3374},"Tailwind CLI, PostCSS та інтеграція з фреймворками","\u002Ftailwind\u002Ftailwind-cli-tooling","21.tailwind\u002F12.tailwind-cli-tooling",{"title":3376,"path":3377,"stem":3378},"Тестування компонентів діаграм","\u002Ftest-components","98.test-components",{"id":3380,"title":71,"body":3381,"description":9924,"extension":9925,"links":9926,"meta":9927,"navigation":3478,"path":2558,"seo":9928,"stem":2559,"__hash__":9929},"docs\u002F05.python\u002F01.classes-objects.md",{"type":3382,"value":3383,"toc":9880},"minimark",[3384,3388,3393,3397,3402,3423,3551,3562,3566,3580,3776,3815,3823,3841,3848,4102,4121,4124,4297,4300,4303,4307,4310,4467,4470,4496,4512,4522,4533,4810,4812,4816,4820,4830,5218,5276,5279,5286,5305,5311,5377,5379,5385,5389,5396,5572,5575,5595,5620,5634,5646,5652,5660,5676,5846,5890,5919,5926,5936,6056,6062,6111,6118,6142,6381,6569,6597,6604,6616,6622,7036,7100,7127,7155,7354,7382,7384,7391,7404,7408,7414,7652,7694,7715,7739,7743,7746,7956,7985,8146,8188,8190,8197,8201,8204,8210,8744,8814,8824,8830,8844,9017,9023,9029,9038,9071,9086,9151,9160,9171,9173,9179,9189,9422,9427,9429,9433,9531,9683,9685,9689,9693,9717,9721,9728,9772,9776,9808,9810,9814,9820,9876],[3385,3386,71],"h1",{"id":3387},"класи-та-обєкти",[3389,3390,3392],"h2",{"id":3391},"базова-термінологія-атрибути-методи-та-магічні-імена","Базова термінологія: атрибути, методи та магічні імена",[3394,3395,3396],"p",{},"Перш ніж розглядати класи та об'єкти, необхідно зафіксувати три фундаментальні поняття, що використовуватимуться протягом усього курсу. Їхнє нечітке розуміння є джерелом найбільшої плутанини у початківців.",[3398,3399,3401],"h3",{"id":3400},"атрибути-дані-обєкта","Атрибути: дані об'єкта",[3394,3403,3404,3408,3409,3412,3413,3417,3418,3422],{},[3405,3406,3407],"strong",{},"Атрибут"," — це іменована змінна, що прив'язана до конкретного об'єкта. Доступ до атрибута здійснюється через ",[3405,3410,3411],{},"оператор крапки"," (",[3414,3415,3416],"code",{},".","). У Python ",[3419,3420,3421],"em",{},"будь-яка"," прив'язка імені до значення через крапку є атрибутом — будь то число, рядок, список, функція чи інший об'єкт.",[3424,3425,3430],"pre",{"className":3426,"code":3427,"language":3428,"meta":3429,"style":3429},"language-python shiki shiki-themes light-plus dark-plus dark-plus","class Point:\n    x = 0.0   # атрибут класу\n    y = 0.0   # атрибут класу\n\np = Point()\np.x = 3.14   # атрибут екземпляра (зберігається у p.__dict__)\np.label = \"origin\"  # атрибут екземпляра (доданий динамічно!)\n\nprint(p.x)       # 3.14  — читання атрибута\nprint(p.label)   # \"origin\"\nprint(Point.x)   # 0.0   — атрибут класу незмінний\n","python","",[3414,3431,3432,3449,3463,3473,3480,3486,3498,3511,3516,3529,3540],{"__ignoreMap":3429},[3433,3434,3437,3441,3445],"span",{"class":3435,"line":3436},"line",1,[3433,3438,3440],{"class":3439},"su1O8","class",[3433,3442,3444],{"class":3443},"sN1BT"," Point",[3433,3446,3448],{"class":3447},"sHH4Y",":\n",[3433,3450,3452,3455,3459],{"class":3435,"line":3451},2,[3433,3453,3454],{"class":3447},"    x = ",[3433,3456,3458],{"class":3457},"sJj4R","0.0",[3433,3460,3462],{"class":3461},"spJ8K","   # атрибут класу\n",[3433,3464,3466,3469,3471],{"class":3435,"line":3465},3,[3433,3467,3468],{"class":3447},"    y = ",[3433,3470,3458],{"class":3457},[3433,3472,3462],{"class":3461},[3433,3474,3476],{"class":3435,"line":3475},4,[3433,3477,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},true,"\n",[3433,3481,3483],{"class":3435,"line":3482},5,[3433,3484,3485],{"class":3447},"p = Point()\n",[3433,3487,3489,3492,3495],{"class":3435,"line":3488},6,[3433,3490,3491],{"class":3447},"p.x = ",[3433,3493,3494],{"class":3457},"3.14",[3433,3496,3497],{"class":3461},"   # атрибут екземпляра (зберігається у p.__dict__)\n",[3433,3499,3501,3504,3508],{"class":3435,"line":3500},7,[3433,3502,3503],{"class":3447},"p.label = ",[3433,3505,3507],{"class":3506},"sbdoH","\"origin\"",[3433,3509,3510],{"class":3461},"  # атрибут екземпляра (доданий динамічно!)\n",[3433,3512,3514],{"class":3435,"line":3513},8,[3433,3515,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,3517,3519,3523,3526],{"class":3435,"line":3518},9,[3433,3520,3522],{"class":3521},"s8Opu","print",[3433,3524,3525],{"class":3447},"(p.x)       ",[3433,3527,3528],{"class":3461},"# 3.14  — читання атрибута\n",[3433,3530,3532,3534,3537],{"class":3435,"line":3531},10,[3433,3533,3522],{"class":3521},[3433,3535,3536],{"class":3447},"(p.label)   ",[3433,3538,3539],{"class":3461},"# \"origin\"\n",[3433,3541,3543,3545,3548],{"class":3435,"line":3542},11,[3433,3544,3522],{"class":3521},[3433,3546,3547],{"class":3447},"(Point.x)   ",[3433,3549,3550],{"class":3461},"# 0.0   — атрибут класу незмінний\n",[3394,3552,3553,3554,3557,3558,3561],{},"На відміну від Java чи C#, де перелік полів є фіксованим і визначеним у класі, Python дозволяє ",[3405,3555,3556],{},"додавати атрибути до будь-якого об'єкта у будь-який момент"," — для цього досить просто присвоїти значення через крапку. Саме цю динамічну природу забезпечує словник ",[3414,3559,3560],{},"__dict__",", про який йтиметься далі.",[3398,3563,3565],{"id":3564},"методи-поведінка-обєкта","Методи: поведінка об'єкта",[3394,3567,3568,3571,3572,3575,3576,3579],{},[3405,3569,3570],{},"Метод"," — це функція, оголошена всередині класу, що описує ",[3419,3573,3574],{},"поведінку"," об'єктів цього класу. Ключова відмінність методу від звичайної функції: при виклику через екземпляр перший аргумент (",[3414,3577,3578],{},"self",") підставляється автоматично — він містить посилання на сам об'єкт, що дозволяє методу отримувати доступ до атрибутів екземпляра та змінювати їх.",[3424,3581,3583],{"className":3426,"code":3582,"language":3428,"meta":3429,"style":3429},"class Circle:\n    def __init__(self, radius: float):  # метод-ініціалізатор\n        self.radius = radius            # атрибут екземпляра\n\n    def area(self) -> float:            # метод екземпляра\n        return 3.14159 * self.radius ** 2\n\n    def scale(self, factor: float) -> None:  # метод, що змінює стан\n        self.radius *= factor\n\nc = Circle(5.0)\nprint(c.area())   # 78.53...  — виклик методу\nc.scale(2)        # radius стає 10.0\nprint(c.area())   # 314.15...\n",[3414,3584,3585,3594,3626,3637,3641,3663,3683,3687,3718,3725,3729,3740,3751,3766],{"__ignoreMap":3429},[3433,3586,3587,3589,3592],{"class":3435,"line":3436},[3433,3588,3440],{"class":3439},[3433,3590,3591],{"class":3443}," Circle",[3433,3593,3448],{"class":3447},[3433,3595,3596,3599,3602,3605,3608,3611,3614,3617,3620,3623],{"class":3435,"line":3451},[3433,3597,3598],{"class":3439},"    def",[3433,3600,3601],{"class":3521}," __init__",[3433,3603,3604],{"class":3447},"(",[3433,3606,3578],{"class":3607},"siwwj",[3433,3609,3610],{"class":3447},", ",[3433,3612,3613],{"class":3607},"radius",[3433,3615,3616],{"class":3447},": ",[3433,3618,3619],{"class":3443},"float",[3433,3621,3622],{"class":3447},"):  ",[3433,3624,3625],{"class":3461},"# метод-ініціалізатор\n",[3433,3627,3628,3631,3634],{"class":3435,"line":3465},[3433,3629,3630],{"class":3439},"        self",[3433,3632,3633],{"class":3447},".radius = radius            ",[3433,3635,3636],{"class":3461},"# атрибут екземпляра\n",[3433,3638,3639],{"class":3435,"line":3475},[3433,3640,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,3642,3643,3645,3648,3650,3652,3655,3657,3660],{"class":3435,"line":3482},[3433,3644,3598],{"class":3439},[3433,3646,3647],{"class":3521}," area",[3433,3649,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,3651,3578],{"class":3607},[3433,3653,3654],{"class":3447},") -> ",[3433,3656,3619],{"class":3443},[3433,3658,3659],{"class":3447},":            ",[3433,3661,3662],{"class":3461},"# метод екземпляра\n",[3433,3664,3665,3669,3672,3675,3677,3680],{"class":3435,"line":3488},[3433,3666,3668],{"class":3667},"s8xlr","        return",[3433,3670,3671],{"class":3457}," 3.14159",[3433,3673,3674],{"class":3447}," * ",[3433,3676,3578],{"class":3439},[3433,3678,3679],{"class":3447},".radius ** ",[3433,3681,3682],{"class":3457},"2\n",[3433,3684,3685],{"class":3435,"line":3500},[3433,3686,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,3688,3689,3691,3694,3696,3698,3700,3703,3705,3707,3709,3712,3715],{"class":3435,"line":3513},[3433,3690,3598],{"class":3439},[3433,3692,3693],{"class":3521}," scale",[3433,3695,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,3697,3578],{"class":3607},[3433,3699,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,3701,3702],{"class":3607},"factor",[3433,3704,3616],{"class":3447},[3433,3706,3619],{"class":3443},[3433,3708,3654],{"class":3447},[3433,3710,3711],{"class":3439},"None",[3433,3713,3714],{"class":3447},":  ",[3433,3716,3717],{"class":3461},"# метод, що змінює стан\n",[3433,3719,3720,3722],{"class":3435,"line":3518},[3433,3721,3630],{"class":3439},[3433,3723,3724],{"class":3447},".radius *= factor\n",[3433,3726,3727],{"class":3435,"line":3531},[3433,3728,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,3730,3731,3734,3737],{"class":3435,"line":3542},[3433,3732,3733],{"class":3447},"c = Circle(",[3433,3735,3736],{"class":3457},"5.0",[3433,3738,3739],{"class":3447},")\n",[3433,3741,3743,3745,3748],{"class":3435,"line":3742},12,[3433,3744,3522],{"class":3521},[3433,3746,3747],{"class":3447},"(c.area())   ",[3433,3749,3750],{"class":3461},"# 78.53...  — виклик методу\n",[3433,3752,3754,3757,3760,3763],{"class":3435,"line":3753},13,[3433,3755,3756],{"class":3447},"c.scale(",[3433,3758,3759],{"class":3457},"2",[3433,3761,3762],{"class":3447},")        ",[3433,3764,3765],{"class":3461},"# radius стає 10.0\n",[3433,3767,3769,3771,3773],{"class":3435,"line":3768},14,[3433,3770,3522],{"class":3521},[3433,3772,3747],{"class":3447},[3433,3774,3775],{"class":3461},"# 314.15...\n",[3777,3778,3779,3796,3804],"field-group",{},[3780,3781,3784,3785,3788,3789,3792,3793,3416],"field",{"name":3782,"type":3783},"Атрибут екземпляра","будь-який тип","Прив'язаний до конкретного об'єкта. Зберігається у ",[3414,3786,3787],{},"instance.__dict__",". Кожен екземпляр має власну копію. Найчастіше ініціалізується у ",[3414,3790,3791],{},"__init__"," через ",[3414,3794,3795],{},"self.name = value",[3780,3797,3799,3800,3803],{"name":3798,"type":3783},"Атрибут класу","Прив'язаний до самого класу, спільний для всіх екземплярів. Зберігається у ",[3414,3801,3802],{},"ClassName.__dict__",". Оголошується безпосередньо у тілі класу, поза методами.",[3780,3805,3808,3809,3811,3812,3814],{"name":3806,"type":3807},"Метод екземпляра","function → method","Функція, оголошена у класі, перший аргумент якої — ",[3414,3810,3578],{},". При зверненні через екземпляр автоматично перетворюється на зв'язаний метод (bound method), де ",[3414,3813,3578],{}," вже підставлений.",[3398,3816,3818,3819,3822],{"id":3817},"dunder-імена-__x__-мова-python-з-самим-собою","Dunder-імена: ",[3414,3820,3821],{},"__X__"," — мова Python з самим собою",[3394,3824,3825,3828,3829,3832,3833,3836,3837,3840],{},[3405,3826,3827],{},"Dunder"," (від ",[3419,3830,3831],{},"double underscore"," — «подвійне підкреслення») — це угода про іменування спеціальних атрибутів і методів, що має форму ",[3414,3834,3835],{},"__назва__",". Такі імена не є ключовими словами мови, але вони є ",[3405,3838,3839],{},"частиною офіційного протоколу Python",": інтерпретатор автоматично викликає їх у визначених ситуаціях.",[3394,3842,3843,3844,3847],{},"Ідея полягає в тому, щоб надати розробникам можливість ",[3405,3845,3846],{},"перевизначити вбудовану поведінку"," для своїх класів, залишивши синтаксис Python незмінним:",[3424,3849,3851],{"className":3426,"code":3850,"language":3428,"meta":3429,"style":3429},"class Vector:\n    def __init__(self, x, y):        # викликається при Vector(x, y)\n        self.x = x\n        self.y = y\n\n    def __repr__(self):              # викликається при print(v) або repr(v)\n        return f\"Vector({self.x}, {self.y})\"\n\n    def __add__(self, other):        # викликається при v1 + v2\n        return Vector(self.x + other.x, self.y + other.y)\n\n    def __len__(self):               # викликається при len(v)\n        return 2\n\nv1 = Vector(1, 2)\nv2 = Vector(3, 4)\n\nprint(v1)        # Vector(1, 2)       — через __repr__\nprint(v1 + v2)   # Vector(4, 6)       — через __add__\nprint(len(v1))   # 2                  — через __len__\n",[3414,3852,3853,3862,3888,3895,3902,3906,3923,3954,3958,3979,3996,4000,4017,4024,4028,4043,4059,4064,4075,4086],{"__ignoreMap":3429},[3433,3854,3855,3857,3860],{"class":3435,"line":3436},[3433,3856,3440],{"class":3439},[3433,3858,3859],{"class":3443}," Vector",[3433,3861,3448],{"class":3447},[3433,3863,3864,3866,3868,3870,3872,3874,3877,3879,3882,3885],{"class":3435,"line":3451},[3433,3865,3598],{"class":3439},[3433,3867,3601],{"class":3521},[3433,3869,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,3871,3578],{"class":3607},[3433,3873,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,3875,3876],{"class":3607},"x",[3433,3878,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,3880,3881],{"class":3607},"y",[3433,3883,3884],{"class":3447},"):        ",[3433,3886,3887],{"class":3461},"# викликається при Vector(x, y)\n",[3433,3889,3890,3892],{"class":3435,"line":3465},[3433,3891,3630],{"class":3439},[3433,3893,3894],{"class":3447},".x = x\n",[3433,3896,3897,3899],{"class":3435,"line":3475},[3433,3898,3630],{"class":3439},[3433,3900,3901],{"class":3447},".y = y\n",[3433,3903,3904],{"class":3435,"line":3482},[3433,3905,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,3907,3908,3910,3913,3915,3917,3920],{"class":3435,"line":3488},[3433,3909,3598],{"class":3439},[3433,3911,3912],{"class":3521}," __repr__",[3433,3914,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,3916,3578],{"class":3607},[3433,3918,3919],{"class":3447},"):              ",[3433,3921,3922],{"class":3461},"# викликається при print(v) або repr(v)\n",[3433,3924,3925,3927,3930,3933,3936,3939,3942,3944,3946,3949,3951],{"class":3435,"line":3500},[3433,3926,3668],{"class":3667},[3433,3928,3929],{"class":3439}," f",[3433,3931,3932],{"class":3506},"\"Vector(",[3433,3934,3935],{"class":3439},"{self",[3433,3937,3938],{"class":3447},".x",[3433,3940,3941],{"class":3439},"}",[3433,3943,3610],{"class":3506},[3433,3945,3935],{"class":3439},[3433,3947,3948],{"class":3447},".y",[3433,3950,3941],{"class":3439},[3433,3952,3953],{"class":3506},")\"\n",[3433,3955,3956],{"class":3435,"line":3513},[3433,3957,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,3959,3960,3962,3965,3967,3969,3971,3974,3976],{"class":3435,"line":3518},[3433,3961,3598],{"class":3439},[3433,3963,3964],{"class":3521}," __add__",[3433,3966,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,3968,3578],{"class":3607},[3433,3970,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,3972,3973],{"class":3607},"other",[3433,3975,3884],{"class":3447},[3433,3977,3978],{"class":3461},"# викликається при v1 + v2\n",[3433,3980,3981,3983,3986,3988,3991,3993],{"class":3435,"line":3531},[3433,3982,3668],{"class":3667},[3433,3984,3985],{"class":3447}," Vector(",[3433,3987,3578],{"class":3439},[3433,3989,3990],{"class":3447},".x + other.x, ",[3433,3992,3578],{"class":3439},[3433,3994,3995],{"class":3447},".y + other.y)\n",[3433,3997,3998],{"class":3435,"line":3542},[3433,3999,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,4001,4002,4004,4007,4009,4011,4014],{"class":3435,"line":3742},[3433,4003,3598],{"class":3439},[3433,4005,4006],{"class":3521}," __len__",[3433,4008,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,4010,3578],{"class":3607},[3433,4012,4013],{"class":3447},"):               ",[3433,4015,4016],{"class":3461},"# викликається при len(v)\n",[3433,4018,4019,4021],{"class":3435,"line":3753},[3433,4020,3668],{"class":3667},[3433,4022,4023],{"class":3457}," 2\n",[3433,4025,4026],{"class":3435,"line":3768},[3433,4027,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,4029,4031,4034,4037,4039,4041],{"class":3435,"line":4030},15,[3433,4032,4033],{"class":3447},"v1 = Vector(",[3433,4035,4036],{"class":3457},"1",[3433,4038,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,4040,3759],{"class":3457},[3433,4042,3739],{"class":3447},[3433,4044,4046,4049,4052,4054,4057],{"class":3435,"line":4045},16,[3433,4047,4048],{"class":3447},"v2 = Vector(",[3433,4050,4051],{"class":3457},"3",[3433,4053,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,4055,4056],{"class":3457},"4",[3433,4058,3739],{"class":3447},[3433,4060,4062],{"class":3435,"line":4061},17,[3433,4063,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,4065,4067,4069,4072],{"class":3435,"line":4066},18,[3433,4068,3522],{"class":3521},[3433,4070,4071],{"class":3447},"(v1)        ",[3433,4073,4074],{"class":3461},"# Vector(1, 2)       — через __repr__\n",[3433,4076,4078,4080,4083],{"class":3435,"line":4077},19,[3433,4079,3522],{"class":3521},[3433,4081,4082],{"class":3447},"(v1 + v2)   ",[3433,4084,4085],{"class":3461},"# Vector(4, 6)       — через __add__\n",[3433,4087,4089,4091,4093,4096,4099],{"class":3435,"line":4088},20,[3433,4090,3522],{"class":3521},[3433,4092,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,4094,4095],{"class":3521},"len",[3433,4097,4098],{"class":3447},"(v1))   ",[3433,4100,4101],{"class":3461},"# 2                  — через __len__\n",[4103,4104,4105,4108,4109,4112,4113,4116,4117,4120],"note",{},[3405,4106,4107],{},"Чому саме подвійне підкреслення?"," Це захисний механізм від випадкових конфліктів імен. Якби спеціальний метод називався просто ",[3414,4110,4111],{},"repr"," або ",[3414,4114,4115],{},"add",", будь-яке поле або метод користувача з таким іменем зламав би вбудовану поведінку. Подвійне підкреслення з обох боків робить такий конфлікт практично неможливим. Не варто вигадувати власні ",[3414,4118,4119],{},"__custom__"," — ця конвенція зарезервована за Python.",[3394,4122,4123],{},"Dunder-методи охоплюють майже всі операції, що ви виконуєте з об'єктами:",[4125,4126,4127,4143],"table",{},[4128,4129,4130],"thead",{},[4131,4132,4133,4137,4140],"tr",{},[4134,4135,4136],"th",{},"Ситуація",[4134,4138,4139],{},"Dunder-метод",[4134,4141,4142],{},"Приклад виклику",[4144,4145,4146,4162,4175,4196,4215,4233,4248,4266,4284],"tbody",{},[4131,4147,4148,4152,4157],{},[4149,4150,4151],"td",{},"Створення об'єкта",[4149,4153,4154],{},[3414,4155,4156],{},"__new__",[4149,4158,4159],{},[3414,4160,4161],{},"MyClass(...)",[4131,4163,4164,4167,4171],{},[4149,4165,4166],{},"Ініціалізація",[4149,4168,4169],{},[3414,4170,3791],{},[4149,4172,4173],{},[3414,4174,4161],{},[4131,4176,4177,4180,4188],{},[4149,4178,4179],{},"Рядкове представлення",[4149,4181,4182,3610,4185],{},[3414,4183,4184],{},"__repr__",[3414,4186,4187],{},"__str__",[4149,4189,4190,3610,4193],{},[3414,4191,4192],{},"print(obj)",[3414,4194,4195],{},"repr(obj)",[4131,4197,4198,4201,4210],{},[4149,4199,4200],{},"Арифметика",[4149,4202,4203,3610,4206,4209],{},[3414,4204,4205],{},"__add__",[3414,4207,4208],{},"__mul__",", ...",[4149,4211,4212],{},[3414,4213,4214],{},"obj + other",[4131,4216,4217,4220,4228],{},[4149,4218,4219],{},"Порівняння",[4149,4221,4222,3610,4225,4209],{},[3414,4223,4224],{},"__eq__",[3414,4226,4227],{},"__lt__",[4149,4229,4230],{},[3414,4231,4232],{},"obj == other",[4131,4234,4235,4238,4243],{},[4149,4236,4237],{},"Довжина",[4149,4239,4240],{},[3414,4241,4242],{},"__len__",[4149,4244,4245],{},[3414,4246,4247],{},"len(obj)",[4131,4249,4250,4253,4261],{},[4149,4251,4252],{},"Ітерація",[4149,4254,4255,3610,4258],{},[3414,4256,4257],{},"__iter__",[3414,4259,4260],{},"__next__",[4149,4262,4263],{},[3414,4264,4265],{},"for x in obj",[4131,4267,4268,4271,4279],{},[4149,4269,4270],{},"Контекстний менеджер",[4149,4272,4273,3610,4276],{},[3414,4274,4275],{},"__enter__",[3414,4277,4278],{},"__exit__",[4149,4280,4281],{},[3414,4282,4283],{},"with obj as x",[4131,4285,4286,4289,4294],{},[4149,4287,4288],{},"Знищення об'єкта",[4149,4290,4291],{},[3414,4292,4293],{},"__del__",[4149,4295,4296],{},"(автоматично GC)",[3394,4298,4299],{},"Ці методи детально розглядаються у наступних статтях курсу в контексті їхнього практичного застосування.",[4301,4302],"hr",{},[3389,4304,4306],{"id":4305},"проблема-неструктурованих-даних-мотивація-до-класів","Проблема неструктурованих даних: мотивація до класів",[3394,4308,4309],{},"Уявіть задачу, з якою стикається кожна команда розробників на початку проекту: необхідність змоделювати реальний світ у програмному коді. Розглянемо конкретний приклад — систему обліку співробітників. Перший, інтуїтивний підхід виглядає так:",[3424,4311,4313],{"className":3426,"code":4312,"language":3428,"meta":3429,"style":3429},"# Підхід без класів: кожен атрибут — окрема змінна\nemployee_name = \"Олена Ковальчук\"\nemployee_age = 32\nemployee_salary = 85000.0\nemployee_department = \"Engineering\"\n\n# Функція для виведення інформації\ndef print_employee_info(name, age, salary, department):\n    print(f\"Ім'я: {name}, Вік: {age}, Відділ: {department}\")\n    print(f\"Зарплата: {salary:.2f} грн\")\n\nprint_employee_info(employee_name, employee_age, employee_salary, employee_department)\n",[3414,4314,4315,4320,4328,4336,4344,4352,4356,4361,4392,4435,4458,4462],{"__ignoreMap":3429},[3433,4316,4317],{"class":3435,"line":3436},[3433,4318,4319],{"class":3461},"# Підхід без класів: кожен атрибут — окрема змінна\n",[3433,4321,4322,4325],{"class":3435,"line":3451},[3433,4323,4324],{"class":3447},"employee_name = ",[3433,4326,4327],{"class":3506},"\"Олена Ковальчук\"\n",[3433,4329,4330,4333],{"class":3435,"line":3465},[3433,4331,4332],{"class":3447},"employee_age = ",[3433,4334,4335],{"class":3457},"32\n",[3433,4337,4338,4341],{"class":3435,"line":3475},[3433,4339,4340],{"class":3447},"employee_salary = ",[3433,4342,4343],{"class":3457},"85000.0\n",[3433,4345,4346,4349],{"class":3435,"line":3482},[3433,4347,4348],{"class":3447},"employee_department = ",[3433,4350,4351],{"class":3506},"\"Engineering\"\n",[3433,4353,4354],{"class":3435,"line":3488},[3433,4355,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,4357,4358],{"class":3435,"line":3500},[3433,4359,4360],{"class":3461},"# Функція для виведення інформації\n",[3433,4362,4363,4366,4369,4371,4374,4376,4379,4381,4384,4386,4389],{"class":3435,"line":3513},[3433,4364,4365],{"class":3439},"def",[3433,4367,4368],{"class":3521}," print_employee_info",[3433,4370,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,4372,4373],{"class":3607},"name",[3433,4375,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,4377,4378],{"class":3607},"age",[3433,4380,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,4382,4383],{"class":3607},"salary",[3433,4385,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,4387,4388],{"class":3607},"department",[3433,4390,4391],{"class":3447},"):\n",[3433,4393,4394,4397,4399,4402,4405,4408,4410,4412,4415,4417,4419,4421,4424,4426,4428,4430,4433],{"class":3435,"line":3518},[3433,4395,4396],{"class":3521},"    print",[3433,4398,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,4400,4401],{"class":3439},"f",[3433,4403,4404],{"class":3506},"\"Ім'я: ",[3433,4406,4407],{"class":3439},"{",[3433,4409,4373],{"class":3447},[3433,4411,3941],{"class":3439},[3433,4413,4414],{"class":3506},", Вік: ",[3433,4416,4407],{"class":3439},[3433,4418,4378],{"class":3447},[3433,4420,3941],{"class":3439},[3433,4422,4423],{"class":3506},", Відділ: ",[3433,4425,4407],{"class":3439},[3433,4427,4388],{"class":3447},[3433,4429,3941],{"class":3439},[3433,4431,4432],{"class":3506},"\"",[3433,4434,3739],{"class":3447},[3433,4436,4437,4439,4441,4443,4446,4448,4450,4453,4456],{"class":3435,"line":3531},[3433,4438,4396],{"class":3521},[3433,4440,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,4442,4401],{"class":3439},[3433,4444,4445],{"class":3506},"\"Зарплата: ",[3433,4447,4407],{"class":3439},[3433,4449,4383],{"class":3447},[3433,4451,4452],{"class":3439},":.2f}",[3433,4454,4455],{"class":3506}," грн\"",[3433,4457,3739],{"class":3447},[3433,4459,4460],{"class":3435,"line":3542},[3433,4461,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,4463,4464],{"class":3435,"line":3742},[3433,4465,4466],{"class":3447},"print_employee_info(employee_name, employee_age, employee_salary, employee_department)\n",[3394,4468,4469],{},"На перший погляд, цей код виглядає цілком прийнятно. Але варто нам спробувати розширити систему до реального масштабу — скажімо, до 500 співробітників — як негайно проявляються три фундаментальні проблеми.",[3394,4471,4472,4475,4476,3610,4479,3610,4482,4485,4486,4489,4490,4492,4493,4495],{},[3405,4473,4474],{},"Перша проблема: зв'язаність даних."," Чотири змінні ",[3414,4477,4478],{},"employee_name",[3414,4480,4481],{},"employee_age",[3414,4483,4484],{},"employee_salary"," та ",[3414,4487,4488],{},"employee_department"," є логічно пов'язаними — вони описують один і той самий об'єкт реального світу. Проте в коді вони є незалежними сутностями. Ніщо не заважає випадково передати ",[3414,4491,4478],{}," другого співробітника разом із ",[3414,4494,4484],{}," першого. Компілятор чи інтерпретатор не побачить жодної помилки.",[3394,4497,4498,4501,4502,3610,4505,3610,4508,4511],{},[3405,4499,4500],{},"Друга проблема: масштабування."," При 500 співробітниках вам доведеться або мати 2000 окремих змінних (і щасти їх не переплутати), або використовувати паралельні списки — ",[3414,4503,4504],{},"names[i]",[3414,4506,4507],{},"ages[i]",[3414,4509,4510],{},"salaries[i]"," — що є антипатерном, відомим як «паралельні масиви».",[3394,4513,4514,4517,4518,4521],{},[3405,4515,4516],{},"Третя проблема: поведінка."," Функція ",[3414,4519,4520],{},"print_employee_info"," концептуально належить до співробітника — вона оперує його даними. Проте в цьому підході зв'язок між даними та операціями над ними існує лише в голові розробника, але не в архітектурі коду.",[3394,4523,4524,4525,4528,4529,4532],{},"Саме ці три проблеми вирішує ",[3405,4526,4527],{},"об'єктно-орієнтоване програмування"," через концепцію ",[3405,4530,4531],{},"класу"," — шаблону, що об'єднує дані (атрибути) та поведінку (методи) в одну зв'язану сутність.",[4534,4535,4536],"plant-uml",{},[3424,4537,4541],{"className":4538,"code":4539,"language":4540,"meta":3429,"style":3429},"language-plantuml shiki shiki-themes light-plus dark-plus dark-plus","@startuml\nskinparam style plain\nskinparam backgroundColor #ffffff\nskinparam ArrowColor #6366f1\n\nrectangle \"Підхід без класів\" as NoCls #fef3c7 {\n    note as N1\n      name = \"Олена\"\n      age = 32\n      salary = 85000.0\n      dept = \"Engineering\"\n\n      name2 = \"Іван\"\n      age2 = 28\n      salary2 = 72000.0\n      dept2 = \"Design\"\n    end note\n}\n\nrectangle \"Підхід з класами\" as WithCls #d1fae5 {\n    package \"Клас Employee (шаблон)\" as Template #bbf7d0 {\n        note as N2\n          + name: str\n          + age: int\n          + salary: float\n          + department: str\n          ─────────────\n          + print_info()\n          + give_raise()\n        end note\n    }\n    node \"employee1\\n(екземпляр)\" as E1 #a7f3d0\n    node \"employee2\\n(екземпляр)\" as E2 #a7f3d0\n    Template ..> E1 : «instantiate»\n    Template ..> E2 : «instantiate»\n}\n\nnote bottom of NoCls\n  Дані розсіяні.\n  Зв'язок — лише у голові\n  розробника. Легко помилитись.\nend note\n\nnote bottom of WithCls\n  Дані та поведінка\n  інкапсульовані разом.\n  Структура гарантована.\nend note\n@enduml\n","plantuml",[3414,4542,4543,4548,4553,4558,4563,4567,4572,4577,4582,4587,4592,4597,4601,4606,4611,4616,4621,4626,4631,4635,4640,4646,4652,4658,4664,4670,4676,4682,4688,4694,4700,4706,4712,4718,4724,4730,4735,4740,4746,4752,4758,4764,4770,4775,4781,4787,4793,4799,4804],{"__ignoreMap":3429},[3433,4544,4545],{"class":3435,"line":3436},[3433,4546,4547],{},"@startuml\n",[3433,4549,4550],{"class":3435,"line":3451},[3433,4551,4552],{},"skinparam style plain\n",[3433,4554,4555],{"class":3435,"line":3465},[3433,4556,4557],{},"skinparam backgroundColor #ffffff\n",[3433,4559,4560],{"class":3435,"line":3475},[3433,4561,4562],{},"skinparam ArrowColor #6366f1\n",[3433,4564,4565],{"class":3435,"line":3482},[3433,4566,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,4568,4569],{"class":3435,"line":3488},[3433,4570,4571],{},"rectangle \"Підхід без класів\" as NoCls #fef3c7 {\n",[3433,4573,4574],{"class":3435,"line":3500},[3433,4575,4576],{},"    note as N1\n",[3433,4578,4579],{"class":3435,"line":3513},[3433,4580,4581],{},"      name = \"Олена\"\n",[3433,4583,4584],{"class":3435,"line":3518},[3433,4585,4586],{},"      age = 32\n",[3433,4588,4589],{"class":3435,"line":3531},[3433,4590,4591],{},"      salary = 85000.0\n",[3433,4593,4594],{"class":3435,"line":3542},[3433,4595,4596],{},"      dept = \"Engineering\"\n",[3433,4598,4599],{"class":3435,"line":3742},[3433,4600,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,4602,4603],{"class":3435,"line":3753},[3433,4604,4605],{},"      name2 = \"Іван\"\n",[3433,4607,4608],{"class":3435,"line":3768},[3433,4609,4610],{},"      age2 = 28\n",[3433,4612,4613],{"class":3435,"line":4030},[3433,4614,4615],{},"      salary2 = 72000.0\n",[3433,4617,4618],{"class":3435,"line":4045},[3433,4619,4620],{},"      dept2 = \"Design\"\n",[3433,4622,4623],{"class":3435,"line":4061},[3433,4624,4625],{},"    end note\n",[3433,4627,4628],{"class":3435,"line":4066},[3433,4629,4630],{},"}\n",[3433,4632,4633],{"class":3435,"line":4077},[3433,4634,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,4636,4637],{"class":3435,"line":4088},[3433,4638,4639],{},"rectangle \"Підхід з класами\" as WithCls #d1fae5 {\n",[3433,4641,4643],{"class":3435,"line":4642},21,[3433,4644,4645],{},"    package \"Клас Employee (шаблон)\" as Template #bbf7d0 {\n",[3433,4647,4649],{"class":3435,"line":4648},22,[3433,4650,4651],{},"        note as N2\n",[3433,4653,4655],{"class":3435,"line":4654},23,[3433,4656,4657],{},"          + name: str\n",[3433,4659,4661],{"class":3435,"line":4660},24,[3433,4662,4663],{},"          + age: int\n",[3433,4665,4667],{"class":3435,"line":4666},25,[3433,4668,4669],{},"          + salary: float\n",[3433,4671,4673],{"class":3435,"line":4672},26,[3433,4674,4675],{},"          + department: str\n",[3433,4677,4679],{"class":3435,"line":4678},27,[3433,4680,4681],{},"          ─────────────\n",[3433,4683,4685],{"class":3435,"line":4684},28,[3433,4686,4687],{},"          + print_info()\n",[3433,4689,4691],{"class":3435,"line":4690},29,[3433,4692,4693],{},"          + give_raise()\n",[3433,4695,4697],{"class":3435,"line":4696},30,[3433,4698,4699],{},"        end note\n",[3433,4701,4703],{"class":3435,"line":4702},31,[3433,4704,4705],{},"    }\n",[3433,4707,4709],{"class":3435,"line":4708},32,[3433,4710,4711],{},"    node \"employee1\\n(екземпляр)\" as E1 #a7f3d0\n",[3433,4713,4715],{"class":3435,"line":4714},33,[3433,4716,4717],{},"    node \"employee2\\n(екземпляр)\" as E2 #a7f3d0\n",[3433,4719,4721],{"class":3435,"line":4720},34,[3433,4722,4723],{},"    Template ..> E1 : «instantiate»\n",[3433,4725,4727],{"class":3435,"line":4726},35,[3433,4728,4729],{},"    Template ..> E2 : «instantiate»\n",[3433,4731,4733],{"class":3435,"line":4732},36,[3433,4734,4630],{},[3433,4736,4738],{"class":3435,"line":4737},37,[3433,4739,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,4741,4743],{"class":3435,"line":4742},38,[3433,4744,4745],{},"note bottom of NoCls\n",[3433,4747,4749],{"class":3435,"line":4748},39,[3433,4750,4751],{},"  Дані розсіяні.\n",[3433,4753,4755],{"class":3435,"line":4754},40,[3433,4756,4757],{},"  Зв'язок — лише у голові\n",[3433,4759,4761],{"class":3435,"line":4760},41,[3433,4762,4763],{},"  розробника. Легко помилитись.\n",[3433,4765,4767],{"class":3435,"line":4766},42,[3433,4768,4769],{},"end note\n",[3433,4771,4773],{"class":3435,"line":4772},43,[3433,4774,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,4776,4778],{"class":3435,"line":4777},44,[3433,4779,4780],{},"note bottom of WithCls\n",[3433,4782,4784],{"class":3435,"line":4783},45,[3433,4785,4786],{},"  Дані та поведінка\n",[3433,4788,4790],{"class":3435,"line":4789},46,[3433,4791,4792],{},"  інкапсульовані разом.\n",[3433,4794,4796],{"class":3435,"line":4795},47,[3433,4797,4798],{},"  Структура гарантована.\n",[3433,4800,4802],{"class":3435,"line":4801},48,[3433,4803,4769],{},[3433,4805,4807],{"class":3435,"line":4806},49,[3433,4808,4809],{},"@enduml\n",[4301,4811],{},[3389,4813,4815],{"id":4814},"анатомія-класу-у-python","Анатомія класу у Python",[3398,4817,4819],{"id":4818},"оголошення-класу-та-перший-екземпляр","Оголошення класу та перший екземпляр",[3394,4821,4822,4823,4825,4826,4829],{},"Клас оголошується за допомогою ключового слова ",[3414,4824,3440],{},", за яким слідує ім'я класу (за угодою — у форматі ",[3414,4827,4828],{},"PascalCase",") та двокрапка:",[3424,4831,4833],{"className":3426,"code":4832,"language":3428,"meta":3429,"style":3429},"class Employee:\n    \"\"\"Клас для представлення співробітника компанії.\"\"\"\n\n    # Атрибут класу — спільний для всіх екземплярів\n    company_name = \"Kostyl Corp\"\n\n    def __init__(self, name: str, age: int, salary: float, department: str):\n        # Атрибути екземпляра — унікальні для кожного об'єкта\n        self.name = name\n        self.age = age\n        self.salary = salary\n        self.department = department\n\n    def print_info(self) -> None:\n        \"\"\"Виводить інформацію про співробітника.\"\"\"\n        print(f\"[{self.company_name}] {self.name}, {self.age} р., {self.department}\")\n        print(f\"  Зарплата: {self.salary:,.0f} грн\")\n\n    def give_raise(self, percent: float) -> None:\n        \"\"\"Підвищує зарплату на вказаний відсоток.\"\"\"\n        self.salary *= (1 + percent \u002F 100)\n        print(f\"  Нова зарплата {self.name}: {self.salary:,.0f} грн\")\n\n\n# Створення екземплярів\nemployee1 = Employee(\"Олена Ковальчук\", 32, 85000.0, \"Engineering\")\nemployee2 = Employee(\"Іван Мельник\", 28, 72000.0, \"Design\")\n\nemployee1.print_info()\nemployee2.print_info()\nemployee1.give_raise(15)\n",[3414,4834,4835,4844,4849,4853,4858,4866,4870,4916,4921,4928,4935,4942,4949,4953,4970,4975,5027,5050,5054,5080,5085,5102,5131,5135,5139,5144,5169,5194,5198,5203,5208],{"__ignoreMap":3429},[3433,4836,4837,4839,4842],{"class":3435,"line":3436},[3433,4838,3440],{"class":3439},[3433,4840,4841],{"class":3443}," Employee",[3433,4843,3448],{"class":3447},[3433,4845,4846],{"class":3435,"line":3451},[3433,4847,4848],{"class":3506},"    \"\"\"Клас для представлення співробітника компанії.\"\"\"\n",[3433,4850,4851],{"class":3435,"line":3465},[3433,4852,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,4854,4855],{"class":3435,"line":3475},[3433,4856,4857],{"class":3461},"    # Атрибут класу — спільний для всіх екземплярів\n",[3433,4859,4860,4863],{"class":3435,"line":3482},[3433,4861,4862],{"class":3447},"    company_name = ",[3433,4864,4865],{"class":3506},"\"Kostyl Corp\"\n",[3433,4867,4868],{"class":3435,"line":3488},[3433,4869,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,4871,4872,4874,4876,4878,4880,4882,4884,4886,4889,4891,4893,4895,4898,4900,4902,4904,4906,4908,4910,4912,4914],{"class":3435,"line":3500},[3433,4873,3598],{"class":3439},[3433,4875,3601],{"class":3521},[3433,4877,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,4879,3578],{"class":3607},[3433,4881,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,4883,4373],{"class":3607},[3433,4885,3616],{"class":3447},[3433,4887,4888],{"class":3443},"str",[3433,4890,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,4892,4378],{"class":3607},[3433,4894,3616],{"class":3447},[3433,4896,4897],{"class":3443},"int",[3433,4899,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,4901,4383],{"class":3607},[3433,4903,3616],{"class":3447},[3433,4905,3619],{"class":3443},[3433,4907,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,4909,4388],{"class":3607},[3433,4911,3616],{"class":3447},[3433,4913,4888],{"class":3443},[3433,4915,4391],{"class":3447},[3433,4917,4918],{"class":3435,"line":3513},[3433,4919,4920],{"class":3461},"        # Атрибути екземпляра — унікальні для кожного об'єкта\n",[3433,4922,4923,4925],{"class":3435,"line":3518},[3433,4924,3630],{"class":3439},[3433,4926,4927],{"class":3447},".name = name\n",[3433,4929,4930,4932],{"class":3435,"line":3531},[3433,4931,3630],{"class":3439},[3433,4933,4934],{"class":3447},".age = age\n",[3433,4936,4937,4939],{"class":3435,"line":3542},[3433,4938,3630],{"class":3439},[3433,4940,4941],{"class":3447},".salary = salary\n",[3433,4943,4944,4946],{"class":3435,"line":3742},[3433,4945,3630],{"class":3439},[3433,4947,4948],{"class":3447},".department = department\n",[3433,4950,4951],{"class":3435,"line":3753},[3433,4952,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,4954,4955,4957,4960,4962,4964,4966,4968],{"class":3435,"line":3768},[3433,4956,3598],{"class":3439},[3433,4958,4959],{"class":3521}," print_info",[3433,4961,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,4963,3578],{"class":3607},[3433,4965,3654],{"class":3447},[3433,4967,3711],{"class":3439},[3433,4969,3448],{"class":3447},[3433,4971,4972],{"class":3435,"line":4030},[3433,4973,4974],{"class":3506},"        \"\"\"Виводить інформацію про співробітника.\"\"\"\n",[3433,4976,4977,4980,4982,4984,4987,4989,4992,4994,4997,4999,5002,5004,5006,5008,5011,5013,5016,5018,5021,5023,5025],{"class":3435,"line":4045},[3433,4978,4979],{"class":3521},"        print",[3433,4981,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,4983,4401],{"class":3439},[3433,4985,4986],{"class":3506},"\"[",[3433,4988,3935],{"class":3439},[3433,4990,4991],{"class":3447},".company_name",[3433,4993,3941],{"class":3439},[3433,4995,4996],{"class":3506},"] ",[3433,4998,3935],{"class":3439},[3433,5000,5001],{"class":3447},".name",[3433,5003,3941],{"class":3439},[3433,5005,3610],{"class":3506},[3433,5007,3935],{"class":3439},[3433,5009,5010],{"class":3447},".age",[3433,5012,3941],{"class":3439},[3433,5014,5015],{"class":3506}," р., ",[3433,5017,3935],{"class":3439},[3433,5019,5020],{"class":3447},".department",[3433,5022,3941],{"class":3439},[3433,5024,4432],{"class":3506},[3433,5026,3739],{"class":3447},[3433,5028,5029,5031,5033,5035,5038,5040,5043,5046,5048],{"class":3435,"line":4061},[3433,5030,4979],{"class":3521},[3433,5032,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,5034,4401],{"class":3439},[3433,5036,5037],{"class":3506},"\"  Зарплата: ",[3433,5039,3935],{"class":3439},[3433,5041,5042],{"class":3447},".salary",[3433,5044,5045],{"class":3439},":,.0f}",[3433,5047,4455],{"class":3506},[3433,5049,3739],{"class":3447},[3433,5051,5052],{"class":3435,"line":4066},[3433,5053,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,5055,5056,5058,5061,5063,5065,5067,5070,5072,5074,5076,5078],{"class":3435,"line":4077},[3433,5057,3598],{"class":3439},[3433,5059,5060],{"class":3521}," give_raise",[3433,5062,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,5064,3578],{"class":3607},[3433,5066,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,5068,5069],{"class":3607},"percent",[3433,5071,3616],{"class":3447},[3433,5073,3619],{"class":3443},[3433,5075,3654],{"class":3447},[3433,5077,3711],{"class":3439},[3433,5079,3448],{"class":3447},[3433,5081,5082],{"class":3435,"line":4088},[3433,5083,5084],{"class":3506},"        \"\"\"Підвищує зарплату на вказаний відсоток.\"\"\"\n",[3433,5086,5087,5089,5092,5094,5097,5100],{"class":3435,"line":4642},[3433,5088,3630],{"class":3439},[3433,5090,5091],{"class":3447},".salary *= (",[3433,5093,4036],{"class":3457},[3433,5095,5096],{"class":3447}," + percent \u002F ",[3433,5098,5099],{"class":3457},"100",[3433,5101,3739],{"class":3447},[3433,5103,5104,5106,5108,5110,5113,5115,5117,5119,5121,5123,5125,5127,5129],{"class":3435,"line":4648},[3433,5105,4979],{"class":3521},[3433,5107,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,5109,4401],{"class":3439},[3433,5111,5112],{"class":3506},"\"  Нова зарплата ",[3433,5114,3935],{"class":3439},[3433,5116,5001],{"class":3447},[3433,5118,3941],{"class":3439},[3433,5120,3616],{"class":3506},[3433,5122,3935],{"class":3439},[3433,5124,5042],{"class":3447},[3433,5126,5045],{"class":3439},[3433,5128,4455],{"class":3506},[3433,5130,3739],{"class":3447},[3433,5132,5133],{"class":3435,"line":4654},[3433,5134,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,5136,5137],{"class":3435,"line":4660},[3433,5138,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,5140,5141],{"class":3435,"line":4666},[3433,5142,5143],{"class":3461},"# Створення екземплярів\n",[3433,5145,5146,5149,5152,5154,5157,5159,5162,5164,5167],{"class":3435,"line":4672},[3433,5147,5148],{"class":3447},"employee1 = Employee(",[3433,5150,5151],{"class":3506},"\"Олена Ковальчук\"",[3433,5153,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,5155,5156],{"class":3457},"32",[3433,5158,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,5160,5161],{"class":3457},"85000.0",[3433,5163,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,5165,5166],{"class":3506},"\"Engineering\"",[3433,5168,3739],{"class":3447},[3433,5170,5171,5174,5177,5179,5182,5184,5187,5189,5192],{"class":3435,"line":4678},[3433,5172,5173],{"class":3447},"employee2 = Employee(",[3433,5175,5176],{"class":3506},"\"Іван Мельник\"",[3433,5178,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,5180,5181],{"class":3457},"28",[3433,5183,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,5185,5186],{"class":3457},"72000.0",[3433,5188,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,5190,5191],{"class":3506},"\"Design\"",[3433,5193,3739],{"class":3447},[3433,5195,5196],{"class":3435,"line":4684},[3433,5197,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,5199,5200],{"class":3435,"line":4690},[3433,5201,5202],{"class":3447},"employee1.print_info()\n",[3433,5204,5205],{"class":3435,"line":4696},[3433,5206,5207],{"class":3447},"employee2.print_info()\n",[3433,5209,5210,5213,5216],{"class":3435,"line":4702},[3433,5211,5212],{"class":3447},"employee1.give_raise(",[3433,5214,5215],{"class":3457},"15",[3433,5217,3739],{"class":3447},[5219,5220,5222,5235,5244,5254,5261,5268],"terminal-preview",{"title":5221},"Виконання Employee",[5223,5224,5226,5231,5232],"div",{"className":5225},[3435],[3433,5227,5230],{"className":5228},[5229],"opacity-40","$"," ",[3405,5233,5234],{},"python employee.py",[5223,5236,5238,5243],{"className":5237},[3435],[3433,5239,5242],{"className":5240},[5241],"text-blue-400","[Kostyl Corp]"," Олена Ковальчук, 32 р., Engineering",[5223,5245,5247,5248,5253],{"className":5246},[3435],"  Зарплата: ",[3433,5249,5252],{"className":5250},[5251],"text-green-400","85,000"," грн",[5223,5255,5257,5260],{"className":5256},[3435],[3433,5258,5242],{"className":5259},[5241]," Іван Мельник, 28 р., Design",[5223,5262,5247,5264,5253],{"className":5263},[3435],[3433,5265,5267],{"className":5266},[5251],"72,000",[5223,5269,5271,5272,5253],{"className":5270},[3435],"  Нова зарплата Олена Ковальчук: ",[3433,5273,5275],{"className":5274},[5251],"97,750",[3394,5277,5278],{},"Зверніть увагу на кілька ключових елементів синтаксису, кожен з яких несе важливе семантичне навантаження.",[3398,5280,5282,5283,5285],{"id":5281},"метод-__init__-ініціалізація-а-не-створення","Метод ",[3414,5284,3791],{},": ініціалізація, а не створення",[3394,5287,5282,5288,5290,5291,5231,5293,5296,5297,5300,5301,5304],{},[3414,5289,3791],{}," — це, мабуть, перше, що вивчає кожен розробник Python. Проте його назва та роль часто сприймаються хибно. Метод ",[3414,5292,3791],{},[3405,5294,5295],{},"не є конструктором"," у класичному розумінні цього терміна. Він не ",[3419,5298,5299],{},"створює"," об'єкт — він лише ",[3419,5302,5303],{},"ініціалізує"," вже створений об'єкт, наповнюючи його атрибутами.",[3394,5306,5307,5308,5310],{},"Справжнє створення об'єкта відбувається у методі ",[3414,5309,4156],{},", про що детально йтиметься далі. Поки ж закріпимо фундаментальне розмежування:",[5312,5313,5314,5349],"card-group",{},[5315,5316,5319],"card",{"icon":5317,"title":5318},"i-heroicons-cube","__new__: Творець",[5320,5321,5322,5333,5340,5346],"ul",{},[5323,5324,5325,5326,5329,5330],"li",{},"Викликається ",[3405,5327,5328],{},"першим"," при зверненні до ",[3414,5331,5332],{},"Employee(...)",[5323,5334,5335,5336,5339],{},"Приймає клас (",[3414,5337,5338],{},"cls",") як перший аргумент",[5323,5341,5342,5345],{},[3405,5343,5344],{},"Виділяє пам'ять"," та повертає новий порожній об'єкт",[5323,5347,5348],{},"Рідко перевизначається у звичайному коді",[5315,5350,5353],{"icon":5351,"title":5352},"i-heroicons-wrench-screwdriver","__init__: Ініціалізатор",[5320,5354,5355,5363,5368,5374],{},[5323,5356,5325,5357,5360,5361],{},[3405,5358,5359],{},"другим",", одразу після ",[3414,5362,4156],{},[5323,5364,5365,5366,5339],{},"Приймає вже створений об'єкт (",[3414,5367,3578],{},[5323,5369,5370,5373],{},[3405,5371,5372],{},"Заповнює атрибутами"," вже існуючий об'єкт",[5323,5375,5376],{},"Перевизначається майже у кожному класі",[4301,5378],{},[3389,5380,5382,5383],{"id":5381},"під-капотом-cpython-що-відбувається-при-виклику-employee","Під капотом CPython: що відбувається при виклику ",[3414,5384,5332],{},[3398,5386,5388],{"id":5387},"повна-послідовність-створення-обєкта","Повна послідовність створення об'єкта",[3394,5390,5391,5392,5395],{},"Кожен раз, коли ви пишете ",[3414,5393,5394],{},"employee1 = Employee(\"Олена\", 32, 85000.0, \"Engineering\")",", Python виконує не один, а цілу серію кроків, більшість з яких прихована від очей розробника. Розглянемо цей процес детально.",[4534,5397,5398],{},[3424,5399,5401],{"className":4538,"code":5400,"language":4540,"meta":3429,"style":3429},"@startuml\nskinparam style plain\nskinparam backgroundColor #ffffff\nskinparam sequenceArrowColor #6366f1\nskinparam sequenceParticipantBackgroundColor #f3f4f6\nskinparam sequenceParticipantBorderColor #d1d5db\n\nparticipant \"Ваш код\" as Code #fef3c7\nparticipant \"type.~__call~__\\n(метаклас)\" as Meta #e0e7ff\nparticipant \"Employee.~__new~__\\n(виділяє пам'ять)\" as New #dbeafe\nparticipant \"Employee.~__init~__\\n(наповнює атрибутами)\" as Init #d1fae5\nparticipant \"Купа пам'яті\\n(Heap)\" as Heap #f3f4f6\n\nCode -> Meta : Employee(\"Олена\", 32, 85000.0, \"Eng\")\nnote right of Meta\n  Python перехоплює виклик класу.\n  type.~__call~__ координує весь процес.\nend note\n\nMeta -> New : Employee.~__new~__(Employee, ...)\nNew -> Heap : Виділяє нову ділянку пам'яті\nHeap --> New : Повертає порожній об'єкт \u003C0x7f3a2c>\nNew --> Meta : Повертає \u003CEmployee object at 0x7f3a2c>\n\nMeta -> Init : Employee.~__init~__(obj, \"Олена\", 32, ...)\nnote right of Init\n  self == obj == \u003C0x7f3a2c>\n  self.name = \"Олена\"\n  self.age = 32\n  self.salary = 85000.0\n  self.department = \"Eng\"\nend note\nInit --> Meta : Повертає None (завжди!)\n\nMeta --> Code : Повертає повністю ініціалізований об'єкт\n@enduml\n",[3414,5402,5403,5407,5411,5415,5420,5425,5430,5434,5439,5444,5449,5454,5459,5463,5468,5473,5478,5483,5487,5491,5496,5501,5506,5511,5515,5520,5525,5530,5535,5540,5545,5550,5554,5559,5563,5568],{"__ignoreMap":3429},[3433,5404,5405],{"class":3435,"line":3436},[3433,5406,4547],{},[3433,5408,5409],{"class":3435,"line":3451},[3433,5410,4552],{},[3433,5412,5413],{"class":3435,"line":3465},[3433,5414,4557],{},[3433,5416,5417],{"class":3435,"line":3475},[3433,5418,5419],{},"skinparam sequenceArrowColor #6366f1\n",[3433,5421,5422],{"class":3435,"line":3482},[3433,5423,5424],{},"skinparam sequenceParticipantBackgroundColor #f3f4f6\n",[3433,5426,5427],{"class":3435,"line":3488},[3433,5428,5429],{},"skinparam sequenceParticipantBorderColor #d1d5db\n",[3433,5431,5432],{"class":3435,"line":3500},[3433,5433,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,5435,5436],{"class":3435,"line":3513},[3433,5437,5438],{},"participant \"Ваш код\" as Code #fef3c7\n",[3433,5440,5441],{"class":3435,"line":3518},[3433,5442,5443],{},"participant \"type.~__call~__\\n(метаклас)\" as Meta #e0e7ff\n",[3433,5445,5446],{"class":3435,"line":3531},[3433,5447,5448],{},"participant \"Employee.~__new~__\\n(виділяє пам'ять)\" as New #dbeafe\n",[3433,5450,5451],{"class":3435,"line":3542},[3433,5452,5453],{},"participant \"Employee.~__init~__\\n(наповнює атрибутами)\" as Init #d1fae5\n",[3433,5455,5456],{"class":3435,"line":3742},[3433,5457,5458],{},"participant \"Купа пам'яті\\n(Heap)\" as Heap #f3f4f6\n",[3433,5460,5461],{"class":3435,"line":3753},[3433,5462,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,5464,5465],{"class":3435,"line":3768},[3433,5466,5467],{},"Code -> Meta : Employee(\"Олена\", 32, 85000.0, \"Eng\")\n",[3433,5469,5470],{"class":3435,"line":4030},[3433,5471,5472],{},"note right of Meta\n",[3433,5474,5475],{"class":3435,"line":4045},[3433,5476,5477],{},"  Python перехоплює виклик класу.\n",[3433,5479,5480],{"class":3435,"line":4061},[3433,5481,5482],{},"  type.~__call~__ координує весь процес.\n",[3433,5484,5485],{"class":3435,"line":4066},[3433,5486,4769],{},[3433,5488,5489],{"class":3435,"line":4077},[3433,5490,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,5492,5493],{"class":3435,"line":4088},[3433,5494,5495],{},"Meta -> New : Employee.~__new~__(Employee, ...)\n",[3433,5497,5498],{"class":3435,"line":4642},[3433,5499,5500],{},"New -> Heap : Виділяє нову ділянку пам'яті\n",[3433,5502,5503],{"class":3435,"line":4648},[3433,5504,5505],{},"Heap --> New : Повертає порожній об'єкт \u003C0x7f3a2c>\n",[3433,5507,5508],{"class":3435,"line":4654},[3433,5509,5510],{},"New --> Meta : Повертає \u003CEmployee object at 0x7f3a2c>\n",[3433,5512,5513],{"class":3435,"line":4660},[3433,5514,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,5516,5517],{"class":3435,"line":4666},[3433,5518,5519],{},"Meta -> Init : Employee.~__init~__(obj, \"Олена\", 32, ...)\n",[3433,5521,5522],{"class":3435,"line":4672},[3433,5523,5524],{},"note right of Init\n",[3433,5526,5527],{"class":3435,"line":4678},[3433,5528,5529],{},"  self == obj == \u003C0x7f3a2c>\n",[3433,5531,5532],{"class":3435,"line":4684},[3433,5533,5534],{},"  self.name = \"Олена\"\n",[3433,5536,5537],{"class":3435,"line":4690},[3433,5538,5539],{},"  self.age = 32\n",[3433,5541,5542],{"class":3435,"line":4696},[3433,5543,5544],{},"  self.salary = 85000.0\n",[3433,5546,5547],{"class":3435,"line":4702},[3433,5548,5549],{},"  self.department = \"Eng\"\n",[3433,5551,5552],{"class":3435,"line":4708},[3433,5553,4769],{},[3433,5555,5556],{"class":3435,"line":4714},[3433,5557,5558],{},"Init --> Meta : Повертає None (завжди!)\n",[3433,5560,5561],{"class":3435,"line":4720},[3433,5562,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,5564,5565],{"class":3435,"line":4726},[3433,5566,5567],{},"Meta --> Code : Повертає повністю ініціалізований об'єкт\n",[3433,5569,5570],{"class":3435,"line":4732},[3433,5571,4809],{},[3394,5573,5574],{},"Ця послідовність розкриває кілька нетривіальних деталей реалізації Python, що мають практичне значення.",[3394,5576,5577,5582,5583,5585,5586,5588,5589,5591,5592,5594],{},[3405,5578,5282,5579,5581],{},[3414,5580,4156],{}," завжди отримує клас, а не екземпляр."," Це принципово відрізняє його від ",[3414,5584,3791],{},". Оскільки в момент виклику ",[3414,5587,4156],{}," екземпляр ще не існує, передати його неможливо. Натомість передається сам клас (за конвенцією — ",[3414,5590,5338],{},"), щоб ",[3414,5593,4156],{}," знав, об'єкт якого саме типу потрібно створити.",[3394,5596,5597,5604,5605,5607,5608,5611,5612,5614,5615,5617,5618,3416],{},[3405,5598,5282,5599,5601,5602,3416],{},[3414,5600,3791],{}," завжди повертає ",[3414,5603,3711],{}," Це жорстка вимога Python. Якщо ваш ",[3414,5606,3791],{}," поверне будь-яке інше значення, інтерпретатор видасть помилку ",[3414,5609,5610],{},"TypeError: __init__() should return None",". Ця вимога є наслідком того, що реально ",[3414,5613,5332],{}," повертає значення з ",[3414,5616,4156],{},", а не з ",[3414,5619,3791],{},[3394,5621,5622,5628,5629,4485,5631,5633],{},[3405,5623,5624,5625,3416],{},"Оркестратором усього процесу є ",[3414,5626,5627],{},"type.__call__"," Саме цей метод метакласу вирішує, в якому порядку та з якими аргументами викликати ",[3414,5630,4156],{},[3414,5632,3791],{},". Метакласи розглядаються у окремій статті цього курсу.",[3398,5635,5637,5638,3610,5640,4485,5643],{"id":5636},"три-кити-системи-типів-python-cls-type-та-object","Три кити системи типів Python: ",[3414,5639,5338],{},[3414,5641,5642],{},"type",[3414,5644,5645],{},"object",[3394,5647,5648,5649,5651],{},"Перш ніж заглиблюватися у практичні сценарії ",[3414,5650,4156],{},", необхідно чітко визначити три сутності, що постійно зустрічатимуться у цій статті та всьому курсі. Їх часто згадують побіжно, що породжує плутанину.",[5653,5654,5656,5657,5659],"h4",{"id":5655},"конвенція-cls-я-для-методів-класу","Конвенція ",[3414,5658,5338],{},": «я» для методів класу",[3394,5661,5662,5663,5665,5666,5668,5669,5672,5673,5675],{},"У методах екземпляра перший аргумент традиційно іменується ",[3414,5664,3578],{}," і містить посилання на конкретний об'єкт. Однак ",[3414,5667,4156],{}," — це не метод екземпляра, а ",[3405,5670,5671],{},"метод класу",": він викликається на самому класі ще до того, як будь-який екземпляр існує. Тому його перший аргумент — це сам клас, і за усталеною конвенцією він іменується ",[3414,5674,5338],{}," (скорочення від «class»).",[3424,5677,5679],{"className":3426,"code":5678,"language":3428,"meta":3429,"style":3429},"class Animal:\n    def __new__(cls):          # cls == Animal (сам клас, не екземпляр!)\n        print(f\"__new__: cls = {cls}\")\n        print(f\"__new__: cls is Animal = {cls is Animal}\")\n        return super().__new__(cls)  # Передаємо cls далі — object.__new__ знатиме, який об'єкт створити\n\n    def __init__(self):        # self — вже готовий об'єкт типу Animal\n        print(f\"__init__: self = {self}\")\n        print(f\"__init__: type(self) = {type(self)}\")\n\na = Animal()\n",[3414,5680,5681,5690,5707,5725,5750,5772,5776,5791,5809,5837,5841],{"__ignoreMap":3429},[3433,5682,5683,5685,5688],{"class":3435,"line":3436},[3433,5684,3440],{"class":3439},[3433,5686,5687],{"class":3443}," Animal",[3433,5689,3448],{"class":3447},[3433,5691,5692,5694,5697,5699,5701,5704],{"class":3435,"line":3451},[3433,5693,3598],{"class":3439},[3433,5695,5696],{"class":3521}," __new__",[3433,5698,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,5700,5338],{"class":3607},[3433,5702,5703],{"class":3447},"):          ",[3433,5705,5706],{"class":3461},"# cls == Animal (сам клас, не екземпляр!)\n",[3433,5708,5709,5711,5713,5715,5718,5721,5723],{"class":3435,"line":3465},[3433,5710,4979],{"class":3521},[3433,5712,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,5714,4401],{"class":3439},[3433,5716,5717],{"class":3506},"\"__new__: cls = ",[3433,5719,5720],{"class":3439},"{cls}",[3433,5722,4432],{"class":3506},[3433,5724,3739],{"class":3447},[3433,5726,5727,5729,5731,5733,5736,5739,5742,5744,5746,5748],{"class":3435,"line":3475},[3433,5728,4979],{"class":3521},[3433,5730,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,5732,4401],{"class":3439},[3433,5734,5735],{"class":3506},"\"__new__: cls is Animal = ",[3433,5737,5738],{"class":3439},"{cls",[3433,5740,5741],{"class":3439}," is",[3433,5743,5687],{"class":3447},[3433,5745,3941],{"class":3439},[3433,5747,4432],{"class":3506},[3433,5749,3739],{"class":3447},[3433,5751,5752,5754,5757,5760,5762,5764,5766,5769],{"class":3435,"line":3482},[3433,5753,3668],{"class":3667},[3433,5755,5756],{"class":3443}," super",[3433,5758,5759],{"class":3447},"().",[3433,5761,4156],{"class":3521},[3433,5763,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,5765,5338],{"class":3439},[3433,5767,5768],{"class":3447},")  ",[3433,5770,5771],{"class":3461},"# Передаємо cls далі — object.__new__ знатиме, який об'єкт створити\n",[3433,5773,5774],{"class":3435,"line":3488},[3433,5775,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,5777,5778,5780,5782,5784,5786,5788],{"class":3435,"line":3500},[3433,5779,3598],{"class":3439},[3433,5781,3601],{"class":3521},[3433,5783,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,5785,3578],{"class":3607},[3433,5787,3884],{"class":3447},[3433,5789,5790],{"class":3461},"# self — вже готовий об'єкт типу Animal\n",[3433,5792,5793,5795,5797,5799,5802,5805,5807],{"class":3435,"line":3513},[3433,5794,4979],{"class":3521},[3433,5796,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,5798,4401],{"class":3439},[3433,5800,5801],{"class":3506},"\"__init__: self = ",[3433,5803,5804],{"class":3439},"{self}",[3433,5806,4432],{"class":3506},[3433,5808,3739],{"class":3447},[3433,5810,5811,5813,5815,5817,5820,5822,5824,5826,5828,5831,5833,5835],{"class":3435,"line":3518},[3433,5812,4979],{"class":3521},[3433,5814,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,5816,4401],{"class":3439},[3433,5818,5819],{"class":3506},"\"__init__: type(self) = ",[3433,5821,4407],{"class":3439},[3433,5823,5642],{"class":3443},[3433,5825,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,5827,3578],{"class":3439},[3433,5829,5830],{"class":3447},")",[3433,5832,3941],{"class":3439},[3433,5834,4432],{"class":3506},[3433,5836,3739],{"class":3447},[3433,5838,5839],{"class":3435,"line":3531},[3433,5840,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,5842,5843],{"class":3435,"line":3542},[3433,5844,5845],{"class":3447},"a = Animal()\n",[5219,5847,5849,5858,5866,5874,5883],{"title":5848},"cls vs self: різниця наочно",[5223,5850,5852,5231,5855],{"className":5851},[3435],[3433,5853,5230],{"className":5854},[5229],[3405,5856,5857],{},"python animal.py",[5223,5859,5861,5862],{"className":5860},[3435],"__new__: cls = ",[3433,5863,5865],{"className":5864},[5241],"\u003Cclass '__main__.Animal'>",[5223,5867,5869,5870],{"className":5868},[3435],"__new__: cls is Animal = ",[3433,5871,5873],{"className":5872},[5251],"True",[5223,5875,5877,5878],{"className":5876},[3435],"__init__: self = ",[3433,5879,5882],{"className":5880},[5881],"text-yellow-400","\u003C__main__.Animal object at 0x7f...>",[5223,5884,5886,5887],{"className":5885},[3435],"__init__: type(self) = ",[3433,5888,5865],{"className":5889},[5241],[3394,5891,5892,5894,5895,5897,5898,5901,5902,5904,5905,5908,5909,5911,5912,5915,5916,5918],{},[3414,5893,5338],{},", як і ",[3414,5896,3578],{},", є ",[3405,5899,5900],{},"лише конвенцією",", а не ключовим словом. Технічно перший аргумент ",[3414,5903,4156],{}," можна назвати як завгодно. Проте відступ від цієї конвенції вважається грубим порушенням стилю Python-коду. Важливо розуміти: коли при спадкуванні дочірній клас викликає ",[3414,5906,5907],{},"Animal.__new__",", аргумент ",[3414,5910,5338],{}," буде вказувати на дочірній клас, а не на ",[3414,5913,5914],{},"Animal"," — саме тому ",[3414,5917,5338],{}," є критично важливим для коректного поліморфного створення об'єктів.",[5653,5920,5922,5923,5925],{"id":5921},"базовий-клас-object-прабатько-всіх-класів","Базовий клас ",[3414,5924,5645],{},": прабатько всіх класів",[3394,5927,5928,5929,5932,5933,5935],{},"У Python ",[3405,5930,5931],{},"кожен клас"," — явно чи неявно — успадковується від вбудованого класу ",[3414,5934,5645],{},". Це є фундаментом єдиної ієрархії типів (unified type hierarchy), введеної у Python 2.2 і остаточно закріпленої у Python 3, де «класи старого стилю» (old-style classes) були повністю скасовані.",[3424,5937,5939],{"className":3426,"code":5938,"language":3428,"meta":3429,"style":3429},"class MyClass:      # Те саме, що class MyClass(object):\n    pass\n\nprint(MyClass.__bases__)    # (\u003Cclass 'object'>,)\nprint(MyClass.__mro__)      # (\u003Cclass 'MyClass'>, \u003Cclass 'object'>)\nprint(issubclass(MyClass, object))  # True — завжди!\nprint(issubclass(int, object))      # True\nprint(issubclass(str, object))      # True\n",[3414,5940,5941,5954,5959,5963,5979,5994,6014,6036],{"__ignoreMap":3429},[3433,5942,5943,5945,5948,5951],{"class":3435,"line":3436},[3433,5944,3440],{"class":3439},[3433,5946,5947],{"class":3443}," MyClass",[3433,5949,5950],{"class":3447},":      ",[3433,5952,5953],{"class":3461},"# Те саме, що class MyClass(object):\n",[3433,5955,5956],{"class":3435,"line":3451},[3433,5957,5958],{"class":3667},"    pass\n",[3433,5960,5961],{"class":3435,"line":3465},[3433,5962,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,5964,5965,5967,5970,5973,5976],{"class":3435,"line":3475},[3433,5966,3522],{"class":3521},[3433,5968,5969],{"class":3447},"(MyClass.",[3433,5971,5972],{"class":3607},"__bases__",[3433,5974,5975],{"class":3447},")    ",[3433,5977,5978],{"class":3461},"# (\u003Cclass 'object'>,)\n",[3433,5980,5981,5983,5985,5988,5991],{"class":3435,"line":3482},[3433,5982,3522],{"class":3521},[3433,5984,5969],{"class":3447},[3433,5986,5987],{"class":3607},"__mro__",[3433,5989,5990],{"class":3447},")      ",[3433,5992,5993],{"class":3461},"# (\u003Cclass 'MyClass'>, \u003Cclass 'object'>)\n",[3433,5995,5996,5998,6000,6003,6006,6008,6011],{"class":3435,"line":3488},[3433,5997,3522],{"class":3521},[3433,5999,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,6001,6002],{"class":3521},"issubclass",[3433,6004,6005],{"class":3447},"(MyClass, ",[3433,6007,5645],{"class":3443},[3433,6009,6010],{"class":3447},"))  ",[3433,6012,6013],{"class":3461},"# True — завжди!\n",[3433,6015,6016,6018,6020,6022,6024,6026,6028,6030,6033],{"class":3435,"line":3500},[3433,6017,3522],{"class":3521},[3433,6019,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,6021,6002],{"class":3521},[3433,6023,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,6025,4897],{"class":3443},[3433,6027,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,6029,5645],{"class":3443},[3433,6031,6032],{"class":3447},"))      ",[3433,6034,6035],{"class":3461},"# True\n",[3433,6037,6038,6040,6042,6044,6046,6048,6050,6052,6054],{"class":3435,"line":3513},[3433,6039,3522],{"class":3521},[3433,6041,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,6043,6002],{"class":3521},[3433,6045,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,6047,4888],{"class":3443},[3433,6049,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,6051,5645],{"class":3443},[3433,6053,6032],{"class":3447},[3433,6055,6035],{"class":3461},[3394,6057,6058,6059,6061],{},"Клас ",[3414,6060,5645],{}," надає всім об'єктам Python базовий набір поведінки «за замовчуванням» — реалізацію dunder-методів, без яких жоден об'єкт не міг би існувати у мові:",[3777,6063,6064,6077,6086,6097],{},[3780,6065,6068,6069,6072,6073,6076],{"name":6066,"type":6067},"object.__new__(cls)","classmethod","Базова реалізація виділення пам'яті. Саме її ми викликаємо через ",[3414,6070,6071],{},"super().__new__(cls)"," у своїх перевизначеннях — це і є реальний акт народження об'єкта на рівні CPython (виклик ",[3414,6074,6075],{},"tp_alloc"," у C-коді).",[3780,6078,6081,6082,6085],{"name":6079,"type":6080},"object.__init__(self)","method","Порожня реалізація, що нічого не робить. Гарантує, що виклик ",[3414,6083,6084],{},"super().__init__()"," завжди є безпечним у будь-якому місці ієрархії класів.",[3780,6087,6089,6090,6093,6094,6096],{"name":6088,"type":6080},"object.__repr__(self)","Повертає рядок виду ",[3414,6091,6092],{},"\u003C__main__.MyClass object at 0x7f3a2c>"," — адресу об'єкта у пам'яті. Саме цей рядок ви бачите у REPL, якщо не перевизначили ",[3414,6095,4184],{}," у своєму класі.",[3780,6098,6100,6101,6104,6105,6108,6109,3416],{"name":6099,"type":6080},"object.__eq__(self, other)","За замовчуванням порівнює об'єкти ",[3405,6102,6103],{},"за ідентичністю"," (тобто ",[3414,6106,6107],{},"is","), а не за значенням. Тому два різних екземпляри вашого класу з однаковими даними не будуть рівними, поки ви не перевизначите ",[3414,6110,4224],{},[5653,6112,6114,6115,6117],{"id":6113},"метаклас-type-клас-що-створює-класи","Метаклас ",[3414,6116,5642],{},": клас, що створює класи",[3394,6119,6120,6121,6123,6124,6127,6128,6130,6131,6134,6135,6138,6139,3416],{},"Якщо ",[3414,6122,5645],{}," є базою для всіх ",[3405,6125,6126],{},"екземплярів",", то ",[3414,6129,5642],{}," є основою для всіх ",[3405,6132,6133],{},"класів",". Метаклас — це клас, екземплярами якого є самі класи. Коли Python зустрічає оголошення ",[3414,6136,6137],{},"class Employee: ...",", він фактично виконує ",[3414,6140,6141],{},"Employee = type('Employee', (object,), {...})",[3424,6143,6145],{"className":3426,"code":6144,"language":3428,"meta":3429,"style":3429},"# Ці два записи — еквівалентні:\n\n# Варіант 1: звичайне оголошення класу\nclass Point:\n    def __init__(self, x, y):\n        self.x = x\n        self.y = y\n\n# Варіант 2: динамічне створення через type() напряму\nPoint2 = type('Point2', (object,), {\n    '__init__': lambda self, x, y: setattr(self, 'x', x) or setattr(self, 'y', y)\n})\n\np1 = Point(1, 2)\np2 = Point2(3, 4)\nprint(type(p1))   # \u003Cclass '__main__.Point'>\nprint(type(p2))   # \u003Cclass '__main__.Point2'>\nprint(type(Point))   # \u003Cclass 'type'>  ← клас — це екземпляр type\nprint(type(type))    # \u003Cclass 'type'>  ← type є екземпляром самого себе\n",[3414,6146,6147,6152,6156,6161,6169,6189,6195,6201,6205,6210,6230,6286,6291,6295,6308,6321,6335,6349,6363],{"__ignoreMap":3429},[3433,6148,6149],{"class":3435,"line":3436},[3433,6150,6151],{"class":3461},"# Ці два записи — еквівалентні:\n",[3433,6153,6154],{"class":3435,"line":3451},[3433,6155,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,6157,6158],{"class":3435,"line":3465},[3433,6159,6160],{"class":3461},"# Варіант 1: звичайне оголошення класу\n",[3433,6162,6163,6165,6167],{"class":3435,"line":3475},[3433,6164,3440],{"class":3439},[3433,6166,3444],{"class":3443},[3433,6168,3448],{"class":3447},[3433,6170,6171,6173,6175,6177,6179,6181,6183,6185,6187],{"class":3435,"line":3482},[3433,6172,3598],{"class":3439},[3433,6174,3601],{"class":3521},[3433,6176,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,6178,3578],{"class":3607},[3433,6180,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,6182,3876],{"class":3607},[3433,6184,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,6186,3881],{"class":3607},[3433,6188,4391],{"class":3447},[3433,6190,6191,6193],{"class":3435,"line":3488},[3433,6192,3630],{"class":3439},[3433,6194,3894],{"class":3447},[3433,6196,6197,6199],{"class":3435,"line":3500},[3433,6198,3630],{"class":3439},[3433,6200,3901],{"class":3447},[3433,6202,6203],{"class":3435,"line":3513},[3433,6204,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,6206,6207],{"class":3435,"line":3518},[3433,6208,6209],{"class":3461},"# Варіант 2: динамічне створення через type() напряму\n",[3433,6211,6212,6215,6217,6219,6222,6225,6227],{"class":3435,"line":3531},[3433,6213,6214],{"class":3447},"Point2 = ",[3433,6216,5642],{"class":3443},[3433,6218,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,6220,6221],{"class":3506},"'Point2'",[3433,6223,6224],{"class":3447},", (",[3433,6226,5645],{"class":3443},[3433,6228,6229],{"class":3447},",), {\n",[3433,6231,6232,6235,6237,6240,6243,6245,6247,6249,6251,6253,6256,6258,6260,6262,6265,6268,6271,6274,6276,6278,6280,6283],{"class":3435,"line":3542},[3433,6233,6234],{"class":3506},"    '__init__'",[3433,6236,3616],{"class":3447},[3433,6238,6239],{"class":3439},"lambda",[3433,6241,6242],{"class":3607}," self",[3433,6244,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,6246,3876],{"class":3607},[3433,6248,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,6250,3881],{"class":3607},[3433,6252,3616],{"class":3447},[3433,6254,6255],{"class":3521},"setattr",[3433,6257,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,6259,3578],{"class":3439},[3433,6261,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,6263,6264],{"class":3506},"'x'",[3433,6266,6267],{"class":3447},", x) ",[3433,6269,6270],{"class":3439},"or",[3433,6272,6273],{"class":3521}," setattr",[3433,6275,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,6277,3578],{"class":3439},[3433,6279,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,6281,6282],{"class":3506},"'y'",[3433,6284,6285],{"class":3447},", y)\n",[3433,6287,6288],{"class":3435,"line":3742},[3433,6289,6290],{"class":3447},"})\n",[3433,6292,6293],{"class":3435,"line":3753},[3433,6294,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,6296,6297,6300,6302,6304,6306],{"class":3435,"line":3768},[3433,6298,6299],{"class":3447},"p1 = Point(",[3433,6301,4036],{"class":3457},[3433,6303,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,6305,3759],{"class":3457},[3433,6307,3739],{"class":3447},[3433,6309,6310,6313,6315,6317,6319],{"class":3435,"line":4030},[3433,6311,6312],{"class":3447},"p2 = Point2(",[3433,6314,4051],{"class":3457},[3433,6316,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,6318,4056],{"class":3457},[3433,6320,3739],{"class":3447},[3433,6322,6323,6325,6327,6329,6332],{"class":3435,"line":4045},[3433,6324,3522],{"class":3521},[3433,6326,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,6328,5642],{"class":3443},[3433,6330,6331],{"class":3447},"(p1))   ",[3433,6333,6334],{"class":3461},"# \u003Cclass '__main__.Point'>\n",[3433,6336,6337,6339,6341,6343,6346],{"class":3435,"line":4061},[3433,6338,3522],{"class":3521},[3433,6340,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,6342,5642],{"class":3443},[3433,6344,6345],{"class":3447},"(p2))   ",[3433,6347,6348],{"class":3461},"# \u003Cclass '__main__.Point2'>\n",[3433,6350,6351,6353,6355,6357,6360],{"class":3435,"line":4066},[3433,6352,3522],{"class":3521},[3433,6354,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,6356,5642],{"class":3443},[3433,6358,6359],{"class":3447},"(Point))   ",[3433,6361,6362],{"class":3461},"# \u003Cclass 'type'>  ← клас — це екземпляр type\n",[3433,6364,6365,6367,6369,6371,6373,6375,6378],{"class":3435,"line":4077},[3433,6366,3522],{"class":3521},[3433,6368,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,6370,5642],{"class":3443},[3433,6372,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,6374,5642],{"class":3443},[3433,6376,6377],{"class":3447},"))    ",[3433,6379,6380],{"class":3461},"# \u003Cclass 'type'>  ← type є екземпляром самого себе\n",[4534,6382,6383],{},[3424,6384,6386],{"className":4538,"code":6385,"language":4540,"meta":3429,"style":3429},"@startuml\nskinparam style plain\nskinparam backgroundColor #ffffff\nskinparam ArrowColor #6366f1\n\nobject \"type\\n(метаклас)\" as TypeObj #e0e7ff {\n    ~__call~__()\n    ~__new~__()\n    ~__init~__()\n}\n\nobject \"object\\n(базовий клас)\" as ObjClass #d1fae5 {\n    ~__new~__()\n    ~__init~__()\n    ~__repr~__()\n    ~__eq~__()\n}\n\nobject \"Employee\\n(ваш клас)\" as EmpClass #fef3c7 {\n    company = \"Kostyl Corp\"\n    ~__init~__()\n    print_info()\n}\n\nobject \"employee1\\n(екземпляр)\" as Inst #f3f4f6 {\n    name = \"Олена\"\n    age = 32\n}\n\nTypeObj --> ObjClass : instance of\\n(type(object) == type)\nTypeObj --> EmpClass : instance of\\n(type(Employee) == type)\nObjClass \u003C|-- EmpClass : успадковує\\n(Employee.~__bases~__ == (object,))\nEmpClass --> Inst : instance of\\n(type(employee1) == Employee)\n\nnote bottom of TypeObj\n  type(type) == type\n  (type є екземпляром\n  самого себе — замкнений цикл)\nend note\n@enduml\n",[3414,6387,6388,6392,6396,6400,6404,6408,6413,6418,6423,6428,6432,6436,6441,6445,6449,6454,6459,6463,6467,6472,6477,6481,6486,6490,6494,6499,6504,6509,6513,6517,6522,6527,6532,6537,6541,6546,6551,6556,6561,6565],{"__ignoreMap":3429},[3433,6389,6390],{"class":3435,"line":3436},[3433,6391,4547],{},[3433,6393,6394],{"class":3435,"line":3451},[3433,6395,4552],{},[3433,6397,6398],{"class":3435,"line":3465},[3433,6399,4557],{},[3433,6401,6402],{"class":3435,"line":3475},[3433,6403,4562],{},[3433,6405,6406],{"class":3435,"line":3482},[3433,6407,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,6409,6410],{"class":3435,"line":3488},[3433,6411,6412],{},"object \"type\\n(метаклас)\" as TypeObj #e0e7ff {\n",[3433,6414,6415],{"class":3435,"line":3500},[3433,6416,6417],{},"    ~__call~__()\n",[3433,6419,6420],{"class":3435,"line":3513},[3433,6421,6422],{},"    ~__new~__()\n",[3433,6424,6425],{"class":3435,"line":3518},[3433,6426,6427],{},"    ~__init~__()\n",[3433,6429,6430],{"class":3435,"line":3531},[3433,6431,4630],{},[3433,6433,6434],{"class":3435,"line":3542},[3433,6435,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,6437,6438],{"class":3435,"line":3742},[3433,6439,6440],{},"object \"object\\n(базовий клас)\" as ObjClass #d1fae5 {\n",[3433,6442,6443],{"class":3435,"line":3753},[3433,6444,6422],{},[3433,6446,6447],{"class":3435,"line":3768},[3433,6448,6427],{},[3433,6450,6451],{"class":3435,"line":4030},[3433,6452,6453],{},"    ~__repr~__()\n",[3433,6455,6456],{"class":3435,"line":4045},[3433,6457,6458],{},"    ~__eq~__()\n",[3433,6460,6461],{"class":3435,"line":4061},[3433,6462,4630],{},[3433,6464,6465],{"class":3435,"line":4066},[3433,6466,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,6468,6469],{"class":3435,"line":4077},[3433,6470,6471],{},"object \"Employee\\n(ваш клас)\" as EmpClass #fef3c7 {\n",[3433,6473,6474],{"class":3435,"line":4088},[3433,6475,6476],{},"    company = \"Kostyl Corp\"\n",[3433,6478,6479],{"class":3435,"line":4642},[3433,6480,6427],{},[3433,6482,6483],{"class":3435,"line":4648},[3433,6484,6485],{},"    print_info()\n",[3433,6487,6488],{"class":3435,"line":4654},[3433,6489,4630],{},[3433,6491,6492],{"class":3435,"line":4660},[3433,6493,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,6495,6496],{"class":3435,"line":4666},[3433,6497,6498],{},"object \"employee1\\n(екземпляр)\" as Inst #f3f4f6 {\n",[3433,6500,6501],{"class":3435,"line":4672},[3433,6502,6503],{},"    name = \"Олена\"\n",[3433,6505,6506],{"class":3435,"line":4678},[3433,6507,6508],{},"    age = 32\n",[3433,6510,6511],{"class":3435,"line":4684},[3433,6512,4630],{},[3433,6514,6515],{"class":3435,"line":4690},[3433,6516,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,6518,6519],{"class":3435,"line":4696},[3433,6520,6521],{},"TypeObj --> ObjClass : instance of\\n(type(object) == type)\n",[3433,6523,6524],{"class":3435,"line":4702},[3433,6525,6526],{},"TypeObj --> EmpClass : instance of\\n(type(Employee) == type)\n",[3433,6528,6529],{"class":3435,"line":4708},[3433,6530,6531],{},"ObjClass \u003C|-- EmpClass : успадковує\\n(Employee.~__bases~__ == (object,))\n",[3433,6533,6534],{"class":3435,"line":4714},[3433,6535,6536],{},"EmpClass --> Inst : instance of\\n(type(employee1) == Employee)\n",[3433,6538,6539],{"class":3435,"line":4720},[3433,6540,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,6542,6543],{"class":3435,"line":4726},[3433,6544,6545],{},"note bottom of TypeObj\n",[3433,6547,6548],{"class":3435,"line":4732},[3433,6549,6550],{},"  type(type) == type\n",[3433,6552,6553],{"class":3435,"line":4737},[3433,6554,6555],{},"  (type є екземпляром\n",[3433,6557,6558],{"class":3435,"line":4742},[3433,6559,6560],{},"  самого себе — замкнений цикл)\n",[3433,6562,6563],{"class":3435,"line":4748},[3433,6564,4769],{},[3433,6566,6567],{"class":3435,"line":4754},[3433,6568,4809],{},[4103,6570,6571,6577,6578,6580,6581,6583,6584,6587,6588,6590,6591,6593,6594,6596],{},[3405,6572,6573,6574,6576],{},"Навіщо знати про ",[3414,6575,5642],{}," зараз?"," У повсякденному коді ви рідко працюєте з ",[3414,6579,5642],{}," напряму. Але розуміння того, що виклик ",[3414,6582,5332],{}," насправді є викликом ",[3414,6585,6586],{},"type.__call__(Employee, ...)",", пояснює, чому ",[3414,6589,4156],{}," і ",[3414,6592,3791],{}," викликаються саме у такому порядку і чому ",[3414,6595,5338],{}," — це не просто «ще один self». Детальний розбір метакласів та їхнього практичного застосування (реєстрація плагінів, ORM-поля, автоматична валідація) розглядається у статті «Метакласи».",[3398,6598,6600,6601,6603],{"id":6599},"заглиблення-в-__new__-коли-і-навіщо-його-перевизначати","Заглиблення в ",[3414,6602,4156],{},": коли і навіщо його перевизначати",[3394,6605,6606,6607,6609,6610,6612,6613,6615],{},"У абсолютній більшості випадків ",[3414,6608,4156],{}," залишають без змін — Python автоматично використовує реалізацію з базового класу ",[3414,6611,5645],{},". Проте є кілька специфічних сценаріїв, де перевизначення ",[3414,6614,4156],{}," стає незамінним.",[3394,6617,6618,6621],{},[3405,6619,6620],{},"Сценарій 1: Реалізація патерну Singleton."," Singleton — це патерн проектування, що гарантує існування лише одного екземпляра класу протягом усього часу роботи програми. Класичний приклад — з'єднання з базою даних або конфігурація застосунку:",[3424,6623,6625],{"className":3426,"code":6624,"language":3428,"meta":3429,"style":3429},"class DatabaseConnection:\n    \"\"\"\n    Singleton: клас, що гарантує єдине з'єднання з БД.\n    Перевизначення __new__ контролює сам акт створення.\n    \"\"\"\n    _instance = None  # Атрибут класу для зберігання єдиного екземпляра\n\n    def __new__(cls, *args, **kwargs):\n        if cls._instance is None:\n            print(f\"[__new__] Створення нового екземпляра {cls.__name__}\")\n            cls._instance = super().__new__(cls)\n        else:\n            print(f\"[__new__] Повернення існуючого екземпляра (Singleton)\")\n        return cls._instance\n\n    def __init__(self, host: str, port: int):\n        if not hasattr(self, '_initialized'):\n            print(f\"[__init__] Ініціалізація з'єднання: {host}:{port}\")\n            self.host = host\n            self.port = port\n            self._initialized = True\n        else:\n            print(f\"[__init__] Екземпляр вже ініціалізовано, пропуск\")\n\n\nconn1 = DatabaseConnection(\"localhost\", 5432)\nconn2 = DatabaseConnection(\"prod-server\", 5432)\n\nprint(f\"\\nВсі об'єкти однакові? {conn1 is conn2}\")\nprint(f\"conn1.host = {conn1.host}\")\nprint(f\"conn2.host = {conn2.host}\")  # Теж \"localhost\"!\n",[3414,6626,6627,6636,6641,6646,6651,6655,6665,6669,6693,6711,6736,6757,6764,6777,6786,6790,6820,6841,6871,6879,6886,6896,6902,6915,6919,6923,6938,6952,6956,6989,7011],{"__ignoreMap":3429},[3433,6628,6629,6631,6634],{"class":3435,"line":3436},[3433,6630,3440],{"class":3439},[3433,6632,6633],{"class":3443}," DatabaseConnection",[3433,6635,3448],{"class":3447},[3433,6637,6638],{"class":3435,"line":3451},[3433,6639,6640],{"class":3506},"    \"\"\"\n",[3433,6642,6643],{"class":3435,"line":3465},[3433,6644,6645],{"class":3506},"    Singleton: клас, що гарантує єдине з'єднання з БД.\n",[3433,6647,6648],{"class":3435,"line":3475},[3433,6649,6650],{"class":3506},"    Перевизначення __new__ контролює сам акт створення.\n",[3433,6652,6653],{"class":3435,"line":3482},[3433,6654,6640],{"class":3506},[3433,6656,6657,6660,6662],{"class":3435,"line":3488},[3433,6658,6659],{"class":3447},"    _instance = ",[3433,6661,3711],{"class":3439},[3433,6663,6664],{"class":3461},"  # Атрибут класу для зберігання єдиного екземпляра\n",[3433,6666,6667],{"class":3435,"line":3500},[3433,6668,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,6670,6671,6673,6675,6677,6679,6682,6685,6688,6691],{"class":3435,"line":3513},[3433,6672,3598],{"class":3439},[3433,6674,5696],{"class":3521},[3433,6676,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,6678,5338],{"class":3607},[3433,6680,6681],{"class":3447},", *",[3433,6683,6684],{"class":3607},"args",[3433,6686,6687],{"class":3447},", **",[3433,6689,6690],{"class":3607},"kwargs",[3433,6692,4391],{"class":3447},[3433,6694,6695,6698,6701,6704,6706,6709],{"class":3435,"line":3518},[3433,6696,6697],{"class":3667},"        if",[3433,6699,6700],{"class":3439}," cls",[3433,6702,6703],{"class":3447},"._instance ",[3433,6705,6107],{"class":3439},[3433,6707,6708],{"class":3439}," None",[3433,6710,3448],{"class":3447},[3433,6712,6713,6716,6718,6720,6723,6725,6727,6730,6732,6734],{"class":3435,"line":3531},[3433,6714,6715],{"class":3521},"            print",[3433,6717,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,6719,4401],{"class":3439},[3433,6721,6722],{"class":3506},"\"[__new__] Створення нового екземпляра ",[3433,6724,5738],{"class":3439},[3433,6726,3416],{"class":3447},[3433,6728,6729],{"class":3607},"__name__",[3433,6731,3941],{"class":3439},[3433,6733,4432],{"class":3506},[3433,6735,3739],{"class":3447},[3433,6737,6738,6741,6744,6747,6749,6751,6753,6755],{"class":3435,"line":3542},[3433,6739,6740],{"class":3439},"            cls",[3433,6742,6743],{"class":3447},"._instance = ",[3433,6745,6746],{"class":3443},"super",[3433,6748,5759],{"class":3447},[3433,6750,4156],{"class":3521},[3433,6752,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,6754,5338],{"class":3439},[3433,6756,3739],{"class":3447},[3433,6758,6759,6762],{"class":3435,"line":3742},[3433,6760,6761],{"class":3667},"        else",[3433,6763,3448],{"class":3447},[3433,6765,6766,6768,6770,6772,6775],{"class":3435,"line":3753},[3433,6767,6715],{"class":3521},[3433,6769,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,6771,4401],{"class":3439},[3433,6773,6774],{"class":3506},"\"[__new__] Повернення існуючого екземпляра (Singleton)\"",[3433,6776,3739],{"class":3447},[3433,6778,6779,6781,6783],{"class":3435,"line":3768},[3433,6780,3668],{"class":3667},[3433,6782,6700],{"class":3439},[3433,6784,6785],{"class":3447},"._instance\n",[3433,6787,6788],{"class":3435,"line":4030},[3433,6789,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,6791,6792,6794,6796,6798,6800,6802,6805,6807,6809,6811,6814,6816,6818],{"class":3435,"line":4045},[3433,6793,3598],{"class":3439},[3433,6795,3601],{"class":3521},[3433,6797,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,6799,3578],{"class":3607},[3433,6801,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,6803,6804],{"class":3607},"host",[3433,6806,3616],{"class":3447},[3433,6808,4888],{"class":3443},[3433,6810,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,6812,6813],{"class":3607},"port",[3433,6815,3616],{"class":3447},[3433,6817,4897],{"class":3443},[3433,6819,4391],{"class":3447},[3433,6821,6822,6824,6827,6830,6832,6834,6836,6839],{"class":3435,"line":4061},[3433,6823,6697],{"class":3667},[3433,6825,6826],{"class":3439}," not",[3433,6828,6829],{"class":3521}," hasattr",[3433,6831,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,6833,3578],{"class":3439},[3433,6835,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,6837,6838],{"class":3506},"'_initialized'",[3433,6840,4391],{"class":3447},[3433,6842,6843,6845,6847,6849,6852,6854,6856,6858,6861,6863,6865,6867,6869],{"class":3435,"line":4066},[3433,6844,6715],{"class":3521},[3433,6846,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,6848,4401],{"class":3439},[3433,6850,6851],{"class":3506},"\"[__init__] Ініціалізація з'єднання: ",[3433,6853,4407],{"class":3439},[3433,6855,6804],{"class":3447},[3433,6857,3941],{"class":3439},[3433,6859,6860],{"class":3506},":",[3433,6862,4407],{"class":3439},[3433,6864,6813],{"class":3447},[3433,6866,3941],{"class":3439},[3433,6868,4432],{"class":3506},[3433,6870,3739],{"class":3447},[3433,6872,6873,6876],{"class":3435,"line":4077},[3433,6874,6875],{"class":3439},"            self",[3433,6877,6878],{"class":3447},".host = host\n",[3433,6880,6881,6883],{"class":3435,"line":4088},[3433,6882,6875],{"class":3439},[3433,6884,6885],{"class":3447},".port = port\n",[3433,6887,6888,6890,6893],{"class":3435,"line":4642},[3433,6889,6875],{"class":3439},[3433,6891,6892],{"class":3447},"._initialized = ",[3433,6894,6895],{"class":3439},"True\n",[3433,6897,6898,6900],{"class":3435,"line":4648},[3433,6899,6761],{"class":3667},[3433,6901,3448],{"class":3447},[3433,6903,6904,6906,6908,6910,6913],{"class":3435,"line":4654},[3433,6905,6715],{"class":3521},[3433,6907,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,6909,4401],{"class":3439},[3433,6911,6912],{"class":3506},"\"[__init__] Екземпляр вже ініціалізовано, пропуск\"",[3433,6914,3739],{"class":3447},[3433,6916,6917],{"class":3435,"line":4660},[3433,6918,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,6920,6921],{"class":3435,"line":4666},[3433,6922,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,6924,6925,6928,6931,6933,6936],{"class":3435,"line":4672},[3433,6926,6927],{"class":3447},"conn1 = DatabaseConnection(",[3433,6929,6930],{"class":3506},"\"localhost\"",[3433,6932,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,6934,6935],{"class":3457},"5432",[3433,6937,3739],{"class":3447},[3433,6939,6940,6943,6946,6948,6950],{"class":3435,"line":4678},[3433,6941,6942],{"class":3447},"conn2 = DatabaseConnection(",[3433,6944,6945],{"class":3506},"\"prod-server\"",[3433,6947,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,6949,6935],{"class":3457},[3433,6951,3739],{"class":3447},[3433,6953,6954],{"class":3435,"line":4684},[3433,6955,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,6957,6958,6960,6962,6964,6966,6970,6973,6975,6978,6980,6983,6985,6987],{"class":3435,"line":4690},[3433,6959,3522],{"class":3521},[3433,6961,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,6963,4401],{"class":3439},[3433,6965,4432],{"class":3506},[3433,6967,6969],{"class":6968},"sjcCO","\\n",[3433,6971,6972],{"class":3506},"Всі об'єкти однакові? ",[3433,6974,4407],{"class":3439},[3433,6976,6977],{"class":3447},"conn1 ",[3433,6979,6107],{"class":3439},[3433,6981,6982],{"class":3447}," conn2",[3433,6984,3941],{"class":3439},[3433,6986,4432],{"class":3506},[3433,6988,3739],{"class":3447},[3433,6990,6991,6993,6995,6997,7000,7002,7005,7007,7009],{"class":3435,"line":4696},[3433,6992,3522],{"class":3521},[3433,6994,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,6996,4401],{"class":3439},[3433,6998,6999],{"class":3506},"\"conn1.host = ",[3433,7001,4407],{"class":3439},[3433,7003,7004],{"class":3447},"conn1.host",[3433,7006,3941],{"class":3439},[3433,7008,4432],{"class":3506},[3433,7010,3739],{"class":3447},[3433,7012,7013,7015,7017,7019,7022,7024,7027,7029,7031,7033],{"class":3435,"line":4702},[3433,7014,3522],{"class":3521},[3433,7016,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,7018,4401],{"class":3439},[3433,7020,7021],{"class":3506},"\"conn2.host = ",[3433,7023,4407],{"class":3439},[3433,7025,7026],{"class":3447},"conn2.host",[3433,7028,3941],{"class":3439},[3433,7030,4432],{"class":3506},[3433,7032,5768],{"class":3447},[3433,7034,7035],{"class":3461},"# Теж \"localhost\"!\n",[5219,7037,7039,7048,7056,7064,7071,7078,7081,7087],{"title":7038},"Singleton через __new__",[5223,7040,7042,5231,7045],{"className":7041},[3435],[3433,7043,5230],{"className":7044},[5229],[3405,7046,7047],{},"python singleton.py",[5223,7049,7051,7055],{"className":7050},[3435],[3433,7052,7054],{"className":7053},[5241],"[__new__]"," Створення нового екземпляра DatabaseConnection",[5223,7057,7059,7063],{"className":7058},[3435],[3433,7060,7062],{"className":7061},[5251],"[__init__]"," Ініціалізація з'єднання: localhost:5432",[5223,7065,7067,7070],{"className":7066},[3435],[3433,7068,7054],{"className":7069},[5881]," Повернення існуючого екземпляра (Singleton)",[5223,7072,7074,7077],{"className":7073},[3435],[3433,7075,7062],{"className":7076},[5881]," Екземпляр вже ініціалізовано, пропуск",[5223,7079],{"className":7080},[3435],[5223,7082,6972,7084],{"className":7083},[3435],[3433,7085,5873],{"className":7086},[5251],[5223,7088,7090,7091,5231,7095],{"className":7089},[3435],"conn2.host = ",[3433,7092,7094],{"className":7093},[5241],"localhost",[3433,7096,7099],{"className":7097},[7098],"text-gray-400","# не \"prod-server\"!",[7101,7102,7103,7108,7109,7111,7112,7115,7116,7118,7119,7122,7123,4485,7125,3416],"warning",{},[3405,7104,7105,7106,3416],{},"Singleton та повторний виклик ",[3414,7107,3791],{}," Метод ",[3414,7110,3791],{}," викликається щоразу при ",[3414,7113,7114],{},"DatabaseConnection(...)",", навіть якщо ",[3414,7117,4156],{}," повернув існуючий екземпляр. Без перевірки ",[3414,7120,7121],{},"hasattr(self, '_initialized')"," кожен наступний виклик перезаписував би атрибути ",[3414,7124,6804],{},[3414,7126,6813],{},[3394,7128,7129,7132,7133,3610,7135,3610,7137,7140,7141,7143,7144,7147,7148,7151,7152,7154],{},[3405,7130,7131],{},"Сценарій 2: Незмінні (immutable) типи."," Вбудовані типи ",[3414,7134,4897],{},[3414,7136,4888],{},[3414,7138,7139],{},"tuple"," є незмінними. Оскільки ",[3414,7142,3791],{}," викликається ",[3419,7145,7146],{},"після"," того, як об'єкт вже існує, він не може визначити ",[3419,7149,7150],{},"значення"," незмінного типу — лише ",[3414,7153,4156],{}," може це зробити:",[3424,7156,7158],{"className":3426,"code":7157,"language":3428,"meta":3429,"style":3429},"class PositiveInt(int):\n    \"\"\"Цілочисельний тип, що гарантовано є позитивним.\"\"\"\n\n    def __new__(cls, value: int):\n        if value \u003C= 0:\n            raise ValueError(\n                f\"PositiveInt вимагає значення > 0, отримано: {value}\"\n            )\n        return super().__new__(cls, value)\n\n\nn = PositiveInt(42)\nprint(n + 8)    # 50 — поводиться як звичайний int\n\ntry:\n    bad = PositiveInt(-5)\nexcept ValueError as e:\n    print(f\"Помилка: {e}\")\n",[3414,7159,7160,7173,7178,7182,7203,7215,7226,7243,7248,7265,7269,7273,7283,7298,7302,7309,7319,7332],{"__ignoreMap":3429},[3433,7161,7162,7164,7167,7169,7171],{"class":3435,"line":3436},[3433,7163,3440],{"class":3439},[3433,7165,7166],{"class":3443}," PositiveInt",[3433,7168,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,7170,4897],{"class":3443},[3433,7172,4391],{"class":3447},[3433,7174,7175],{"class":3435,"line":3451},[3433,7176,7177],{"class":3506},"    \"\"\"Цілочисельний тип, що гарантовано є позитивним.\"\"\"\n",[3433,7179,7180],{"class":3435,"line":3465},[3433,7181,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,7183,7184,7186,7188,7190,7192,7194,7197,7199,7201],{"class":3435,"line":3475},[3433,7185,3598],{"class":3439},[3433,7187,5696],{"class":3521},[3433,7189,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,7191,5338],{"class":3607},[3433,7193,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,7195,7196],{"class":3607},"value",[3433,7198,3616],{"class":3447},[3433,7200,4897],{"class":3443},[3433,7202,4391],{"class":3447},[3433,7204,7205,7207,7210,7213],{"class":3435,"line":3482},[3433,7206,6697],{"class":3667},[3433,7208,7209],{"class":3447}," value \u003C= ",[3433,7211,7212],{"class":3457},"0",[3433,7214,3448],{"class":3447},[3433,7216,7217,7220,7223],{"class":3435,"line":3488},[3433,7218,7219],{"class":3667},"            raise",[3433,7221,7222],{"class":3443}," ValueError",[3433,7224,7225],{"class":3447},"(\n",[3433,7227,7228,7231,7234,7236,7238,7240],{"class":3435,"line":3500},[3433,7229,7230],{"class":3439},"                f",[3433,7232,7233],{"class":3506},"\"PositiveInt вимагає значення > 0, отримано: ",[3433,7235,4407],{"class":3439},[3433,7237,7196],{"class":3447},[3433,7239,3941],{"class":3439},[3433,7241,7242],{"class":3506},"\"\n",[3433,7244,7245],{"class":3435,"line":3513},[3433,7246,7247],{"class":3447},"            )\n",[3433,7249,7250,7252,7254,7256,7258,7260,7262],{"class":3435,"line":3518},[3433,7251,3668],{"class":3667},[3433,7253,5756],{"class":3443},[3433,7255,5759],{"class":3447},[3433,7257,4156],{"class":3521},[3433,7259,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,7261,5338],{"class":3439},[3433,7263,7264],{"class":3447},", value)\n",[3433,7266,7267],{"class":3435,"line":3531},[3433,7268,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,7270,7271],{"class":3435,"line":3542},[3433,7272,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,7274,7275,7278,7281],{"class":3435,"line":3742},[3433,7276,7277],{"class":3447},"n = PositiveInt(",[3433,7279,7280],{"class":3457},"42",[3433,7282,3739],{"class":3447},[3433,7284,7285,7287,7290,7293,7295],{"class":3435,"line":3753},[3433,7286,3522],{"class":3521},[3433,7288,7289],{"class":3447},"(n + ",[3433,7291,7292],{"class":3457},"8",[3433,7294,5975],{"class":3447},[3433,7296,7297],{"class":3461},"# 50 — поводиться як звичайний int\n",[3433,7299,7300],{"class":3435,"line":3768},[3433,7301,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,7303,7304,7307],{"class":3435,"line":4030},[3433,7305,7306],{"class":3667},"try",[3433,7308,3448],{"class":3447},[3433,7310,7311,7314,7317],{"class":3435,"line":4045},[3433,7312,7313],{"class":3447},"    bad = PositiveInt(-",[3433,7315,7316],{"class":3457},"5",[3433,7318,3739],{"class":3447},[3433,7320,7321,7324,7326,7329],{"class":3435,"line":4061},[3433,7322,7323],{"class":3667},"except",[3433,7325,7222],{"class":3443},[3433,7327,7328],{"class":3667}," as",[3433,7330,7331],{"class":3447}," e:\n",[3433,7333,7334,7336,7338,7340,7343,7345,7348,7350,7352],{"class":3435,"line":4066},[3433,7335,4396],{"class":3521},[3433,7337,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,7339,4401],{"class":3439},[3433,7341,7342],{"class":3506},"\"Помилка: ",[3433,7344,4407],{"class":3439},[3433,7346,7347],{"class":3447},"e",[3433,7349,3941],{"class":3439},[3433,7351,4432],{"class":3506},[3433,7353,3739],{"class":3447},[5219,7355,7357,7366,7373],{"title":7356},"PositiveInt: незмінний підтип int",[5223,7358,7360,5231,7363],{"className":7359},[3435],[3433,7361,5230],{"className":7362},[5229],[3405,7364,7365],{},"python positive_int.py",[5223,7367,7369],{"className":7368},[3435],[3433,7370,7372],{"className":7371},[5251],"50",[5223,7374,7376,7377],{"className":7375},[3435],"Помилка: ",[3433,7378,7381],{"className":7379},[7380],"text-rose-400","PositiveInt вимагає значення > 0, отримано: -5",[4301,7383],{},[3389,7385,7387,7388,7390],{"id":7386},"природа-self-чому-python-вимагає-явного-першого-аргументу","Природа ",[3414,7389,3578],{},": чому Python вимагає явного першого аргументу",[3394,7392,7393,7394,7396,7397,7400,7401,3416],{},"Розробники, що мають досвід роботи з Java чи C++, нерідко дивуються: чому Python змушує явно вказувати ",[3414,7395,3578],{}," у кожному методі? Адже в Java ",[3414,7398,7399],{},"this"," є ключовим словом і не вимагається у сигнатурі методу. Відповідь криється у самій архітектурі Python та концепції ",[3405,7402,7403],{},"дескрипторів",[3398,7405,7407],{"id":7406},"звязані-та-незвязані-методи","Зв'язані та незв'язані методи",[3394,7409,7410,7411,7413],{},"У Python функції, оголошені всередині класу, є звичайними об'єктами-функціями (функція є об'єктом першого класу). Вони зберігаються у ",[3414,7412,3560],{}," класу так само, як і будь-який інший атрибут. Але коли ви звертаєтеся до методу через екземпляр, Python виконує особливе перетворення:",[3424,7415,7417],{"className":3426,"code":7416,"language":3428,"meta":3429,"style":3429},"class Counter:\n    def __init__(self, start: int = 0):\n        self.value = start\n\n    def increment(self, by: int = 1) -> None:\n        self.value += by\n\n    def reset(self) -> None:\n        self.value = 0\n\n\nc = Counter(10)\n\n# Два способи звернення до одного і того ж методу:\nprint(type(Counter.increment))  # \u003Cclass 'function'>\nprint(type(c.increment))        # \u003Cclass 'method'>\n\n# Незв'язаний метод (через клас) — потрібно передати self вручну\nCounter.increment(c, by=5)\nprint(c.value)  # 15\n\n# Зв'язаний метод (через екземпляр) — self підставляється автоматично\nc.increment(by=3)\nprint(c.value)  # 18\n",[3414,7418,7419,7428,7454,7461,7465,7495,7502,7506,7523,7533,7537,7541,7551,7555,7560,7574,7588,7592,7597,7611,7621,7625,7630,7643],{"__ignoreMap":3429},[3433,7420,7421,7423,7426],{"class":3435,"line":3436},[3433,7422,3440],{"class":3439},[3433,7424,7425],{"class":3443}," Counter",[3433,7427,3448],{"class":3447},[3433,7429,7430,7432,7434,7436,7438,7440,7443,7445,7447,7450,7452],{"class":3435,"line":3451},[3433,7431,3598],{"class":3439},[3433,7433,3601],{"class":3521},[3433,7435,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,7437,3578],{"class":3607},[3433,7439,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,7441,7442],{"class":3607},"start",[3433,7444,3616],{"class":3447},[3433,7446,4897],{"class":3443},[3433,7448,7449],{"class":3447}," = ",[3433,7451,7212],{"class":3457},[3433,7453,4391],{"class":3447},[3433,7455,7456,7458],{"class":3435,"line":3465},[3433,7457,3630],{"class":3439},[3433,7459,7460],{"class":3447},".value = start\n",[3433,7462,7463],{"class":3435,"line":3475},[3433,7464,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,7466,7467,7469,7472,7474,7476,7478,7481,7483,7485,7487,7489,7491,7493],{"class":3435,"line":3482},[3433,7468,3598],{"class":3439},[3433,7470,7471],{"class":3521}," increment",[3433,7473,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,7475,3578],{"class":3607},[3433,7477,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,7479,7480],{"class":3607},"by",[3433,7482,3616],{"class":3447},[3433,7484,4897],{"class":3443},[3433,7486,7449],{"class":3447},[3433,7488,4036],{"class":3457},[3433,7490,3654],{"class":3447},[3433,7492,3711],{"class":3439},[3433,7494,3448],{"class":3447},[3433,7496,7497,7499],{"class":3435,"line":3488},[3433,7498,3630],{"class":3439},[3433,7500,7501],{"class":3447},".value += by\n",[3433,7503,7504],{"class":3435,"line":3500},[3433,7505,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,7507,7508,7510,7513,7515,7517,7519,7521],{"class":3435,"line":3513},[3433,7509,3598],{"class":3439},[3433,7511,7512],{"class":3521}," reset",[3433,7514,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,7516,3578],{"class":3607},[3433,7518,3654],{"class":3447},[3433,7520,3711],{"class":3439},[3433,7522,3448],{"class":3447},[3433,7524,7525,7527,7530],{"class":3435,"line":3518},[3433,7526,3630],{"class":3439},[3433,7528,7529],{"class":3447},".value = ",[3433,7531,7532],{"class":3457},"0\n",[3433,7534,7535],{"class":3435,"line":3531},[3433,7536,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,7538,7539],{"class":3435,"line":3542},[3433,7540,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,7542,7543,7546,7549],{"class":3435,"line":3742},[3433,7544,7545],{"class":3447},"c = Counter(",[3433,7547,7548],{"class":3457},"10",[3433,7550,3739],{"class":3447},[3433,7552,7553],{"class":3435,"line":3753},[3433,7554,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,7556,7557],{"class":3435,"line":3768},[3433,7558,7559],{"class":3461},"# Два способи звернення до одного і того ж методу:\n",[3433,7561,7562,7564,7566,7568,7571],{"class":3435,"line":4030},[3433,7563,3522],{"class":3521},[3433,7565,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,7567,5642],{"class":3443},[3433,7569,7570],{"class":3447},"(Counter.increment))  ",[3433,7572,7573],{"class":3461},"# \u003Cclass 'function'>\n",[3433,7575,7576,7578,7580,7582,7585],{"class":3435,"line":4045},[3433,7577,3522],{"class":3521},[3433,7579,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,7581,5642],{"class":3443},[3433,7583,7584],{"class":3447},"(c.increment))        ",[3433,7586,7587],{"class":3461},"# \u003Cclass 'method'>\n",[3433,7589,7590],{"class":3435,"line":4061},[3433,7591,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,7593,7594],{"class":3435,"line":4066},[3433,7595,7596],{"class":3461},"# Незв'язаний метод (через клас) — потрібно передати self вручну\n",[3433,7598,7599,7602,7604,7607,7609],{"class":3435,"line":4077},[3433,7600,7601],{"class":3447},"Counter.increment(c, ",[3433,7603,7480],{"class":3607},[3433,7605,7606],{"class":3447},"=",[3433,7608,7316],{"class":3457},[3433,7610,3739],{"class":3447},[3433,7612,7613,7615,7618],{"class":3435,"line":4088},[3433,7614,3522],{"class":3521},[3433,7616,7617],{"class":3447},"(c.value)  ",[3433,7619,7620],{"class":3461},"# 15\n",[3433,7622,7623],{"class":3435,"line":4642},[3433,7624,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,7626,7627],{"class":3435,"line":4648},[3433,7628,7629],{"class":3461},"# Зв'язаний метод (через екземпляр) — self підставляється автоматично\n",[3433,7631,7632,7635,7637,7639,7641],{"class":3435,"line":4654},[3433,7633,7634],{"class":3447},"c.increment(",[3433,7636,7480],{"class":3607},[3433,7638,7606],{"class":3447},[3433,7640,4051],{"class":3457},[3433,7642,3739],{"class":3447},[3433,7644,7645,7647,7649],{"class":3435,"line":4660},[3433,7646,3522],{"class":3521},[3433,7648,7617],{"class":3447},[3433,7650,7651],{"class":3461},"# 18\n",[5219,7653,7654,7663,7671,7679,7686],{"title":7407},[5223,7655,7657,5231,7660],{"className":7656},[3435],[3433,7658,5230],{"className":7659},[5229],[3405,7661,7662],{},"python methods.py",[5223,7664,7666,7667],{"className":7665},[3435],"type(Counter.increment) = ",[3433,7668,7670],{"className":7669},[5241],"\u003Cclass 'function'>",[5223,7672,7674,7675],{"className":7673},[3435],"type(c.increment) = ",[3433,7676,7678],{"className":7677},[5251],"\u003Cclass 'method'>",[5223,7680,7682,7683],{"className":7681},[3435],"c.value після Counter.increment(c, 5): ",[3433,7684,5215],{"className":7685},[5881],[5223,7687,7689,7690],{"className":7688},[3435],"c.value після c.increment(3): ",[3433,7691,7693],{"className":7692},[5881],"18",[3394,7695,7696,7697,7700,7701,7704,7705,7707,7708,7711,7712,7714],{},"Коли ви пишете ",[3414,7698,7699],{},"c.increment(by=3)",", Python за лаштунками виконує ",[3414,7702,7703],{},"Counter.increment(c, by=3)",". Механізм, що відповідає за це перетворення — протокол ",[3405,7706,7403],{}," (detально розглянутий у статті «Дескриптори»). Фактично, функції у Python є ",[3405,7709,7710],{},"нон-дата дескрипторами",": при зверненні через екземпляр вони повертають об'єкт ",[3414,7713,6080],{},", що «запам'ятав» екземпляр і автоматично підставляє його як перший аргумент.",[7716,7717,7718,7723,7724,3610,7726,3610,7729,3610,7732,7735,7736,7738],"tip",{},[3405,7719,7720,7722],{},[3414,7721,3578],{}," — це лише конвенція, а не ключове слово."," Технічно першому аргументу методу можна дати будь-яке ім'я: ",[3414,7725,7399],{},[3414,7727,7728],{},"me",[3414,7730,7731],{},"instance",[3414,7733,7734],{},"s",". Проте PEP 8 та весь Python-екосистема жорстко дотримуються конвенції ",[3414,7737,3578],{},", і відхилення від неї є грубим порушенням стилю, яке відразу привертає увагу рецензентів коду.",[3398,7740,7742],{"id":7741},"схема-пошуку-атрибутів-клас-vs-екземпляр","Схема пошуку атрибутів: клас vs екземпляр",[3394,7744,7745],{},"Розуміння того, де саме Python шукає атрибут — в екземплярі чи в класі — є ключовим для усунення цілого класу помилок. Розглянемо конкретну ієрархію пошуку на прикладі:",[3424,7747,7749],{"className":3426,"code":7748,"language":3428,"meta":3429,"style":3429},"class Employee:\n    # Атрибут КЛАСУ: спільний для всіх екземплярів\n    company = \"Kostyl Corp\"\n    headcount = 0\n\n    def __init__(self, name: str):\n        # Атрибут ЕКЗЕМПЛЯРА: унікальний для кожного об'єкта\n        self.name = name\n        Employee.headcount += 1  # Змінюємо атрибут класу!\n\n\ne1 = Employee(\"Олена\")\ne2 = Employee(\"Іван\")\n\n# Атрибут класу доступний через екземпляр...\nprint(e1.company)      # \"Kostyl Corp\"\nprint(e2.company)      # \"Kostyl Corp\"\n\n# ...але є СПІЛЬНИМ і відображає зміни для всіх:\nprint(Employee.headcount)  # 2\nprint(e1.headcount)        # 2\n\n# Небезпечна помилка: \"тіньовий\" атрибут екземпляра\ne1.company = \"Individual Ltd\"   # Створює НОВИЙ атрибут ЕКЗЕМПЛЯРА e1!\nprint(e1.company)               # \"Individual Ltd\"  — атрибут екземпляра\nprint(e2.company)               # \"Kostyl Corp\"     — атрибут класу (незмінний)\nprint(Employee.company)         # \"Kostyl Corp\"     — атрибут класу (незмінний)\n",[3414,7750,7751,7759,7764,7771,7778,7782,7802,7807,7813,7823,7827,7831,7841,7851,7855,7860,7870,7879,7883,7888,7898,7907,7911,7916,7927,7937,7947],{"__ignoreMap":3429},[3433,7752,7753,7755,7757],{"class":3435,"line":3436},[3433,7754,3440],{"class":3439},[3433,7756,4841],{"class":3443},[3433,7758,3448],{"class":3447},[3433,7760,7761],{"class":3435,"line":3451},[3433,7762,7763],{"class":3461},"    # Атрибут КЛАСУ: спільний для всіх екземплярів\n",[3433,7765,7766,7769],{"class":3435,"line":3465},[3433,7767,7768],{"class":3447},"    company = ",[3433,7770,4865],{"class":3506},[3433,7772,7773,7776],{"class":3435,"line":3475},[3433,7774,7775],{"class":3447},"    headcount = ",[3433,7777,7532],{"class":3457},[3433,7779,7780],{"class":3435,"line":3482},[3433,7781,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,7783,7784,7786,7788,7790,7792,7794,7796,7798,7800],{"class":3435,"line":3488},[3433,7785,3598],{"class":3439},[3433,7787,3601],{"class":3521},[3433,7789,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,7791,3578],{"class":3607},[3433,7793,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,7795,4373],{"class":3607},[3433,7797,3616],{"class":3447},[3433,7799,4888],{"class":3443},[3433,7801,4391],{"class":3447},[3433,7803,7804],{"class":3435,"line":3500},[3433,7805,7806],{"class":3461},"        # Атрибут ЕКЗЕМПЛЯРА: унікальний для кожного об'єкта\n",[3433,7808,7809,7811],{"class":3435,"line":3513},[3433,7810,3630],{"class":3439},[3433,7812,4927],{"class":3447},[3433,7814,7815,7818,7820],{"class":3435,"line":3518},[3433,7816,7817],{"class":3447},"        Employee.headcount += ",[3433,7819,4036],{"class":3457},[3433,7821,7822],{"class":3461},"  # Змінюємо атрибут класу!\n",[3433,7824,7825],{"class":3435,"line":3531},[3433,7826,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,7828,7829],{"class":3435,"line":3542},[3433,7830,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,7832,7833,7836,7839],{"class":3435,"line":3742},[3433,7834,7835],{"class":3447},"e1 = Employee(",[3433,7837,7838],{"class":3506},"\"Олена\"",[3433,7840,3739],{"class":3447},[3433,7842,7843,7846,7849],{"class":3435,"line":3753},[3433,7844,7845],{"class":3447},"e2 = Employee(",[3433,7847,7848],{"class":3506},"\"Іван\"",[3433,7850,3739],{"class":3447},[3433,7852,7853],{"class":3435,"line":3768},[3433,7854,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,7856,7857],{"class":3435,"line":4030},[3433,7858,7859],{"class":3461},"# Атрибут класу доступний через екземпляр...\n",[3433,7861,7862,7864,7867],{"class":3435,"line":4045},[3433,7863,3522],{"class":3521},[3433,7865,7866],{"class":3447},"(e1.company)      ",[3433,7868,7869],{"class":3461},"# \"Kostyl Corp\"\n",[3433,7871,7872,7874,7877],{"class":3435,"line":4061},[3433,7873,3522],{"class":3521},[3433,7875,7876],{"class":3447},"(e2.company)      ",[3433,7878,7869],{"class":3461},[3433,7880,7881],{"class":3435,"line":4066},[3433,7882,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,7884,7885],{"class":3435,"line":4077},[3433,7886,7887],{"class":3461},"# ...але є СПІЛЬНИМ і відображає зміни для всіх:\n",[3433,7889,7890,7892,7895],{"class":3435,"line":4088},[3433,7891,3522],{"class":3521},[3433,7893,7894],{"class":3447},"(Employee.headcount)  ",[3433,7896,7897],{"class":3461},"# 2\n",[3433,7899,7900,7902,7905],{"class":3435,"line":4642},[3433,7901,3522],{"class":3521},[3433,7903,7904],{"class":3447},"(e1.headcount)        ",[3433,7906,7897],{"class":3461},[3433,7908,7909],{"class":3435,"line":4648},[3433,7910,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,7912,7913],{"class":3435,"line":4654},[3433,7914,7915],{"class":3461},"# Небезпечна помилка: \"тіньовий\" атрибут екземпляра\n",[3433,7917,7918,7921,7924],{"class":3435,"line":4660},[3433,7919,7920],{"class":3447},"e1.company = ",[3433,7922,7923],{"class":3506},"\"Individual Ltd\"",[3433,7925,7926],{"class":3461},"   # Створює НОВИЙ атрибут ЕКЗЕМПЛЯРА e1!\n",[3433,7928,7929,7931,7934],{"class":3435,"line":4666},[3433,7930,3522],{"class":3521},[3433,7932,7933],{"class":3447},"(e1.company)               ",[3433,7935,7936],{"class":3461},"# \"Individual Ltd\"  — атрибут екземпляра\n",[3433,7938,7939,7941,7944],{"class":3435,"line":4672},[3433,7940,3522],{"class":3521},[3433,7942,7943],{"class":3447},"(e2.company)               ",[3433,7945,7946],{"class":3461},"# \"Kostyl Corp\"     — атрибут класу (незмінний)\n",[3433,7948,7949,7951,7954],{"class":3435,"line":4678},[3433,7950,3522],{"class":3521},[3433,7952,7953],{"class":3447},"(Employee.company)         ",[3433,7955,7946],{"class":3461},[3394,7957,7958,7959,5231,7962,7965,7966,7969,7970,7972,7973,7976,7977,7980,7981,7984],{},"Присвоєння ",[3414,7960,7961],{},"e1.company = \"Individual Ltd\"",[3405,7963,7964],{},"не змінює"," атрибут класу. Воно створює новий атрибут ",[3414,7967,7968],{},"company"," безпосередньо у ",[3414,7971,3560],{}," екземпляра ",[3414,7974,7975],{},"e1",". Надалі при зверненні ",[3414,7978,7979],{},"e1.company"," Python знайде цей атрибут в екземплярі раніше, ніж дійде до атрибуту класу. Це явище називається ",[3405,7982,7983],{},"«затінення» (shadowing)"," і є поширеною причиною важко відловлюваних помилок.",[4534,7986,7987],{},[3424,7988,7990],{"className":4538,"code":7989,"language":4540,"meta":3429,"style":3429},"@startuml\nskinparam style plain\nskinparam backgroundColor #ffffff\nskinparam ArrowColor #6366f1\n\ntitle \"Алгоритм пошуку атрибута: e1.company\"\n\nstart\n\n:Звернення: e1.company;\n\n:Крок 1: Перевірити e1.~__dict~__;\n\nif (company у e1.~__dict~__?) then (Так)\n    :Повернути значення з e1.~__dict~__\\n(атрибут екземпляра);\n    stop\nelse (Ні)\n    :Крок 2: Перевірити Employee.~__dict~__;\n    if (company у Employee.~__dict~__?) then (Так)\n        :Повернути значення з Employee.~__dict~__\\n(атрибут класу);\n        stop\n    else (Ні)\n        :Крок 3: Пройти по MRO (ланцюг базових класів)...;\n        if (Знайдено у object.~__dict~__?) then (Так)\n            :Повернути значення;\n            stop\n        else (Ні)\n            :Викинути AttributeError;\n            stop\n        endif\n    endif\nendif\n@enduml\n",[3414,7991,7992,7996,8000,8004,8008,8012,8017,8021,8026,8030,8035,8039,8044,8048,8053,8058,8063,8068,8073,8078,8083,8088,8093,8098,8103,8108,8113,8118,8123,8127,8132,8137,8142],{"__ignoreMap":3429},[3433,7993,7994],{"class":3435,"line":3436},[3433,7995,4547],{},[3433,7997,7998],{"class":3435,"line":3451},[3433,7999,4552],{},[3433,8001,8002],{"class":3435,"line":3465},[3433,8003,4557],{},[3433,8005,8006],{"class":3435,"line":3475},[3433,8007,4562],{},[3433,8009,8010],{"class":3435,"line":3482},[3433,8011,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,8013,8014],{"class":3435,"line":3488},[3433,8015,8016],{},"title \"Алгоритм пошуку атрибута: e1.company\"\n",[3433,8018,8019],{"class":3435,"line":3500},[3433,8020,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,8022,8023],{"class":3435,"line":3513},[3433,8024,8025],{},"start\n",[3433,8027,8028],{"class":3435,"line":3518},[3433,8029,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,8031,8032],{"class":3435,"line":3531},[3433,8033,8034],{},":Звернення: e1.company;\n",[3433,8036,8037],{"class":3435,"line":3542},[3433,8038,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,8040,8041],{"class":3435,"line":3742},[3433,8042,8043],{},":Крок 1: Перевірити e1.~__dict~__;\n",[3433,8045,8046],{"class":3435,"line":3753},[3433,8047,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,8049,8050],{"class":3435,"line":3768},[3433,8051,8052],{},"if (company у e1.~__dict~__?) then (Так)\n",[3433,8054,8055],{"class":3435,"line":4030},[3433,8056,8057],{},"    :Повернути значення з e1.~__dict~__\\n(атрибут екземпляра);\n",[3433,8059,8060],{"class":3435,"line":4045},[3433,8061,8062],{},"    stop\n",[3433,8064,8065],{"class":3435,"line":4061},[3433,8066,8067],{},"else (Ні)\n",[3433,8069,8070],{"class":3435,"line":4066},[3433,8071,8072],{},"    :Крок 2: Перевірити Employee.~__dict~__;\n",[3433,8074,8075],{"class":3435,"line":4077},[3433,8076,8077],{},"    if (company у Employee.~__dict~__?) then (Так)\n",[3433,8079,8080],{"class":3435,"line":4088},[3433,8081,8082],{},"        :Повернути значення з Employee.~__dict~__\\n(атрибут класу);\n",[3433,8084,8085],{"class":3435,"line":4642},[3433,8086,8087],{},"        stop\n",[3433,8089,8090],{"class":3435,"line":4648},[3433,8091,8092],{},"    else (Ні)\n",[3433,8094,8095],{"class":3435,"line":4654},[3433,8096,8097],{},"        :Крок 3: Пройти по MRO (ланцюг базових класів)...;\n",[3433,8099,8100],{"class":3435,"line":4660},[3433,8101,8102],{},"        if (Знайдено у object.~__dict~__?) then (Так)\n",[3433,8104,8105],{"class":3435,"line":4666},[3433,8106,8107],{},"            :Повернути значення;\n",[3433,8109,8110],{"class":3435,"line":4672},[3433,8111,8112],{},"            stop\n",[3433,8114,8115],{"class":3435,"line":4678},[3433,8116,8117],{},"        else (Ні)\n",[3433,8119,8120],{"class":3435,"line":4684},[3433,8121,8122],{},"            :Викинути AttributeError;\n",[3433,8124,8125],{"class":3435,"line":4690},[3433,8126,8112],{},[3433,8128,8129],{"class":3435,"line":4696},[3433,8130,8131],{},"        endif\n",[3433,8133,8134],{"class":3435,"line":4702},[3433,8135,8136],{},"    endif\n",[3433,8138,8139],{"class":3435,"line":4708},[3433,8140,8141],{},"endif\n",[3433,8143,8144],{"class":3435,"line":4714},[3433,8145,4809],{},[3777,8147,8148,8163,8179],{},[3780,8149,8152,8153,8155,8156,8159,8160,8162],{"name":8150,"type":8151},"__dict__ екземпляра","dict","Словник, що зберігає атрибути, унікальні для конкретного екземпляра. Заповнюється у ",[3414,8154,3791],{}," через присвоєння ",[3414,8157,8158],{},"self.attr = value",". Перевіряється ",[3405,8161,5328],{}," при пошуку атрибута.",[3780,8164,8167,8168,8171,8172,8159,8174,5231,8176,8178],{"name":8165,"type":8166},"__dict__ класу","mappingproxy","Словник, що зберігає атрибути, спільні для всіх екземплярів: методи, атрибути класу, ",[3414,8169,8170],{},"__doc__",". Доступний через ",[3414,8173,3802],{},[3405,8175,7146],{},[3414,8177,3560],{}," екземпляра.",[3780,8180,8183,8184,8187],{"name":8181,"type":8182},"MRO (Method Resolution Order)","tuple[type, ...]","Впорядкована послідовність класів для пошуку атрибутів при спадкуванні. Доступна через ",[3414,8185,8186],{},"ClassName.__mro__",". Детально розглядається у статті «Спадкування та MRO».",[4301,8189],{},[3389,8191,8193,8194],{"id":8192},"оптимізація-памяті-__slots__","Оптимізація пам'яті: ",[3414,8195,8196],{},"__slots__",[3398,8198,8200],{"id":8199},"проблема-масштабу-мільйон-обєктів","Проблема масштабу: мільйон об'єктів",[3394,8202,8203],{},"У типовій production-системі кількість екземплярів одного класу може вимірюватися мільйонами. Ігровий рушій, що зберігає частинки, фінансова система з тиками біржових котирувань, обробник мережевих пакетів — усі вони стикаються з задачею ефективного зберігання великої кількості однотипних об'єктів.",[3394,8205,8206,8207,8209],{},"За замовчуванням кожен екземпляр Python-класу несе значний накладний тягар. Причина — той самий ",[3414,8208,3560],{},", що забезпечує динамічну природу Python: можливість додавати нові атрибути до будь-якого об'єкта у будь-який момент.",[3424,8211,8213],{"className":3426,"code":8212,"language":3428,"meta":3429,"style":3429},"import sys\nimport tracemalloc\n\nclass PointWithDict:\n    \"\"\"Звичайний клас — кожен екземпляр має __dict__.\"\"\"\n    def __init__(self, x: float, y: float, z: float):\n        self.x = x\n        self.y = y\n        self.z = z\n\n\nclass PointWithSlots:\n    \"\"\"Клас зі __slots__ — без __dict__, фіксовані атрибути.\"\"\"\n    __slots__ = ('x', 'y', 'z')\n\n    def __init__(self, x: float, y: float, z: float):\n        self.x = x\n        self.y = y\n        self.z = z\n\n\n# Вимірюємо розмір одного екземпляра\np_dict = PointWithDict(1.0, 2.0, 3.0)\np_slots = PointWithSlots(1.0, 2.0, 3.0)\n\nprint(f\"Розмір з __dict__:  {sys.getsizeof(p_dict)} байтів\")\nprint(f\"Розмір зі __slots__: {sys.getsizeof(p_slots)} байтів\")\nprint(f\"Розмір __dict__:    {sys.getsizeof(p_dict.__dict__)} байтів\")\n\n# Вимірюємо пам'ять для 1 000 000 екземплярів\ntracemalloc.start()\npoints_dict = [PointWithDict(i, i*2, i*3) for i in range(1_000_000)]\n_, peak_dict = tracemalloc.get_traced_memory()\ntracemalloc.stop()\n\ntracemalloc.start()\npoints_slots = [PointWithSlots(i, i*2, i*3) for i in range(1_000_000)]\n_, peak_slots = tracemalloc.get_traced_memory()\ntracemalloc.stop()\n\nprint(f\"\\n1 000 000 екземплярів:\")\nprint(f\"  з __dict__:  {peak_dict \u002F 1024 \u002F 1024:.1f} МБ\")\nprint(f\"  зі __slots__: {peak_slots \u002F 1024 \u002F 1024:.1f} МБ\")\nprint(f\"  Економія: {(1 - peak_slots\u002Fpeak_dict)*100:.0f}%\")\n",[3414,8214,8215,8223,8230,8234,8243,8248,8285,8291,8297,8304,8308,8312,8321,8326,8347,8351,8387,8393,8399,8405,8409,8413,8418,8438,8455,8459,8482,8504,8530,8534,8539,8544,8579,8584,8589,8593,8597,8624,8629,8633,8637,8654,8686,8714],{"__ignoreMap":3429},[3433,8216,8217,8220],{"class":3435,"line":3436},[3433,8218,8219],{"class":3667},"import",[3433,8221,8222],{"class":3447}," sys\n",[3433,8224,8225,8227],{"class":3435,"line":3451},[3433,8226,8219],{"class":3667},[3433,8228,8229],{"class":3447}," tracemalloc\n",[3433,8231,8232],{"class":3435,"line":3465},[3433,8233,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,8235,8236,8238,8241],{"class":3435,"line":3475},[3433,8237,3440],{"class":3439},[3433,8239,8240],{"class":3443}," PointWithDict",[3433,8242,3448],{"class":3447},[3433,8244,8245],{"class":3435,"line":3482},[3433,8246,8247],{"class":3506},"    \"\"\"Звичайний клас — кожен екземпляр має __dict__.\"\"\"\n",[3433,8249,8250,8252,8254,8256,8258,8260,8262,8264,8266,8268,8270,8272,8274,8276,8279,8281,8283],{"class":3435,"line":3488},[3433,8251,3598],{"class":3439},[3433,8253,3601],{"class":3521},[3433,8255,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,8257,3578],{"class":3607},[3433,8259,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,8261,3876],{"class":3607},[3433,8263,3616],{"class":3447},[3433,8265,3619],{"class":3443},[3433,8267,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,8269,3881],{"class":3607},[3433,8271,3616],{"class":3447},[3433,8273,3619],{"class":3443},[3433,8275,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,8277,8278],{"class":3607},"z",[3433,8280,3616],{"class":3447},[3433,8282,3619],{"class":3443},[3433,8284,4391],{"class":3447},[3433,8286,8287,8289],{"class":3435,"line":3500},[3433,8288,3630],{"class":3439},[3433,8290,3894],{"class":3447},[3433,8292,8293,8295],{"class":3435,"line":3513},[3433,8294,3630],{"class":3439},[3433,8296,3901],{"class":3447},[3433,8298,8299,8301],{"class":3435,"line":3518},[3433,8300,3630],{"class":3439},[3433,8302,8303],{"class":3447},".z = z\n",[3433,8305,8306],{"class":3435,"line":3531},[3433,8307,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,8309,8310],{"class":3435,"line":3542},[3433,8311,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,8313,8314,8316,8319],{"class":3435,"line":3742},[3433,8315,3440],{"class":3439},[3433,8317,8318],{"class":3443}," PointWithSlots",[3433,8320,3448],{"class":3447},[3433,8322,8323],{"class":3435,"line":3753},[3433,8324,8325],{"class":3506},"    \"\"\"Клас зі __slots__ — без __dict__, фіксовані атрибути.\"\"\"\n",[3433,8327,8328,8331,8334,8336,8338,8340,8342,8345],{"class":3435,"line":3768},[3433,8329,8330],{"class":3607},"    __slots__",[3433,8332,8333],{"class":3447}," = (",[3433,8335,6264],{"class":3506},[3433,8337,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,8339,6282],{"class":3506},[3433,8341,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,8343,8344],{"class":3506},"'z'",[3433,8346,3739],{"class":3447},[3433,8348,8349],{"class":3435,"line":4030},[3433,8350,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,8352,8353,8355,8357,8359,8361,8363,8365,8367,8369,8371,8373,8375,8377,8379,8381,8383,8385],{"class":3435,"line":4045},[3433,8354,3598],{"class":3439},[3433,8356,3601],{"class":3521},[3433,8358,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,8360,3578],{"class":3607},[3433,8362,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,8364,3876],{"class":3607},[3433,8366,3616],{"class":3447},[3433,8368,3619],{"class":3443},[3433,8370,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,8372,3881],{"class":3607},[3433,8374,3616],{"class":3447},[3433,8376,3619],{"class":3443},[3433,8378,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,8380,8278],{"class":3607},[3433,8382,3616],{"class":3447},[3433,8384,3619],{"class":3443},[3433,8386,4391],{"class":3447},[3433,8388,8389,8391],{"class":3435,"line":4061},[3433,8390,3630],{"class":3439},[3433,8392,3894],{"class":3447},[3433,8394,8395,8397],{"class":3435,"line":4066},[3433,8396,3630],{"class":3439},[3433,8398,3901],{"class":3447},[3433,8400,8401,8403],{"class":3435,"line":4077},[3433,8402,3630],{"class":3439},[3433,8404,8303],{"class":3447},[3433,8406,8407],{"class":3435,"line":4088},[3433,8408,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,8410,8411],{"class":3435,"line":4642},[3433,8412,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,8414,8415],{"class":3435,"line":4648},[3433,8416,8417],{"class":3461},"# Вимірюємо розмір одного екземпляра\n",[3433,8419,8420,8423,8426,8428,8431,8433,8436],{"class":3435,"line":4654},[3433,8421,8422],{"class":3447},"p_dict = PointWithDict(",[3433,8424,8425],{"class":3457},"1.0",[3433,8427,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,8429,8430],{"class":3457},"2.0",[3433,8432,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,8434,8435],{"class":3457},"3.0",[3433,8437,3739],{"class":3447},[3433,8439,8440,8443,8445,8447,8449,8451,8453],{"class":3435,"line":4660},[3433,8441,8442],{"class":3447},"p_slots = PointWithSlots(",[3433,8444,8425],{"class":3457},[3433,8446,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,8448,8430],{"class":3457},[3433,8450,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,8452,8435],{"class":3457},[3433,8454,3739],{"class":3447},[3433,8456,8457],{"class":3435,"line":4666},[3433,8458,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,8460,8461,8463,8465,8467,8470,8472,8475,8477,8480],{"class":3435,"line":4672},[3433,8462,3522],{"class":3521},[3433,8464,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,8466,4401],{"class":3439},[3433,8468,8469],{"class":3506},"\"Розмір з __dict__:  ",[3433,8471,4407],{"class":3439},[3433,8473,8474],{"class":3447},"sys.getsizeof(p_dict)",[3433,8476,3941],{"class":3439},[3433,8478,8479],{"class":3506}," байтів\"",[3433,8481,3739],{"class":3447},[3433,8483,8484,8486,8488,8490,8493,8495,8498,8500,8502],{"class":3435,"line":4678},[3433,8485,3522],{"class":3521},[3433,8487,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,8489,4401],{"class":3439},[3433,8491,8492],{"class":3506},"\"Розмір зі __slots__: ",[3433,8494,4407],{"class":3439},[3433,8496,8497],{"class":3447},"sys.getsizeof(p_slots)",[3433,8499,3941],{"class":3439},[3433,8501,8479],{"class":3506},[3433,8503,3739],{"class":3447},[3433,8505,8506,8508,8510,8512,8515,8517,8520,8522,8524,8526,8528],{"class":3435,"line":4684},[3433,8507,3522],{"class":3521},[3433,8509,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,8511,4401],{"class":3439},[3433,8513,8514],{"class":3506},"\"Розмір __dict__:    ",[3433,8516,4407],{"class":3439},[3433,8518,8519],{"class":3447},"sys.getsizeof(p_dict.",[3433,8521,3560],{"class":3607},[3433,8523,5830],{"class":3447},[3433,8525,3941],{"class":3439},[3433,8527,8479],{"class":3506},[3433,8529,3739],{"class":3447},[3433,8531,8532],{"class":3435,"line":4690},[3433,8533,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,8535,8536],{"class":3435,"line":4696},[3433,8537,8538],{"class":3461},"# Вимірюємо пам'ять для 1 000 000 екземплярів\n",[3433,8540,8541],{"class":3435,"line":4702},[3433,8542,8543],{"class":3447},"tracemalloc.start()\n",[3433,8545,8546,8549,8551,8554,8556,8559,8562,8565,8568,8571,8573,8576],{"class":3435,"line":4708},[3433,8547,8548],{"class":3447},"points_dict = [PointWithDict(i, i*",[3433,8550,3759],{"class":3457},[3433,8552,8553],{"class":3447},", i*",[3433,8555,4051],{"class":3457},[3433,8557,8558],{"class":3447},") ",[3433,8560,8561],{"class":3667},"for",[3433,8563,8564],{"class":3447}," i ",[3433,8566,8567],{"class":3667},"in",[3433,8569,8570],{"class":3521}," range",[3433,8572,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,8574,8575],{"class":3457},"1_000_000",[3433,8577,8578],{"class":3447},")]\n",[3433,8580,8581],{"class":3435,"line":4714},[3433,8582,8583],{"class":3447},"_, peak_dict = tracemalloc.get_traced_memory()\n",[3433,8585,8586],{"class":3435,"line":4720},[3433,8587,8588],{"class":3447},"tracemalloc.stop()\n",[3433,8590,8591],{"class":3435,"line":4726},[3433,8592,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,8594,8595],{"class":3435,"line":4732},[3433,8596,8543],{"class":3447},[3433,8598,8599,8602,8604,8606,8608,8610,8612,8614,8616,8618,8620,8622],{"class":3435,"line":4737},[3433,8600,8601],{"class":3447},"points_slots = [PointWithSlots(i, i*",[3433,8603,3759],{"class":3457},[3433,8605,8553],{"class":3447},[3433,8607,4051],{"class":3457},[3433,8609,8558],{"class":3447},[3433,8611,8561],{"class":3667},[3433,8613,8564],{"class":3447},[3433,8615,8567],{"class":3667},[3433,8617,8570],{"class":3521},[3433,8619,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,8621,8575],{"class":3457},[3433,8623,8578],{"class":3447},[3433,8625,8626],{"class":3435,"line":4742},[3433,8627,8628],{"class":3447},"_, peak_slots = tracemalloc.get_traced_memory()\n",[3433,8630,8631],{"class":3435,"line":4748},[3433,8632,8588],{"class":3447},[3433,8634,8635],{"class":3435,"line":4754},[3433,8636,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,8638,8639,8641,8643,8645,8647,8649,8652],{"class":3435,"line":4760},[3433,8640,3522],{"class":3521},[3433,8642,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,8644,4401],{"class":3439},[3433,8646,4432],{"class":3506},[3433,8648,6969],{"class":6968},[3433,8650,8651],{"class":3506},"1 000 000 екземплярів:\"",[3433,8653,3739],{"class":3447},[3433,8655,8656,8658,8660,8662,8665,8667,8670,8673,8676,8678,8681,8684],{"class":3435,"line":4766},[3433,8657,3522],{"class":3521},[3433,8659,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,8661,4401],{"class":3439},[3433,8663,8664],{"class":3506},"\"  з __dict__:  ",[3433,8666,4407],{"class":3439},[3433,8668,8669],{"class":3447},"peak_dict \u002F ",[3433,8671,8672],{"class":3457},"1024",[3433,8674,8675],{"class":3447}," \u002F ",[3433,8677,8672],{"class":3457},[3433,8679,8680],{"class":3439},":.1f}",[3433,8682,8683],{"class":3506}," МБ\"",[3433,8685,3739],{"class":3447},[3433,8687,8688,8690,8692,8694,8697,8699,8702,8704,8706,8708,8710,8712],{"class":3435,"line":4772},[3433,8689,3522],{"class":3521},[3433,8691,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,8693,4401],{"class":3439},[3433,8695,8696],{"class":3506},"\"  зі __slots__: ",[3433,8698,4407],{"class":3439},[3433,8700,8701],{"class":3447},"peak_slots \u002F ",[3433,8703,8672],{"class":3457},[3433,8705,8675],{"class":3447},[3433,8707,8672],{"class":3457},[3433,8709,8680],{"class":3439},[3433,8711,8683],{"class":3506},[3433,8713,3739],{"class":3447},[3433,8715,8716,8718,8720,8722,8725,8727,8729,8731,8734,8736,8739,8742],{"class":3435,"line":4777},[3433,8717,3522],{"class":3521},[3433,8719,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,8721,4401],{"class":3439},[3433,8723,8724],{"class":3506},"\"  Економія: ",[3433,8726,4407],{"class":3439},[3433,8728,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,8730,4036],{"class":3457},[3433,8732,8733],{"class":3447}," - peak_slots\u002Fpeak_dict)*",[3433,8735,5099],{"class":3457},[3433,8737,8738],{"class":3439},":.0f}",[3433,8740,8741],{"class":3506},"%\"",[3433,8743,3739],{"class":3447},[5219,8745,8747,8756,8765,8774,8783,8786,8790,8798,8806],{"title":8746},"Порівняння пам'яті: __dict__ vs __slots__",[5223,8748,8750,5231,8753],{"className":8749},[3435],[3433,8751,5230],{"className":8752},[5229],[3405,8754,8755],{},"python memory_benchmark.py",[5223,8757,8759,8760,8764],{"className":8758},[3435],"Розмір з __dict__:  ",[3433,8761,8763],{"className":8762},[7380],"48 байтів"," (сам об'єкт)",[5223,8766,8768,8769,8773],{"className":8767},[3435],"Розмір зі __slots__: ",[3433,8770,8772],{"className":8771},[5251],"56 байтів"," (дескриптори включені)",[5223,8775,8777,8778,8782],{"className":8776},[3435],"Розмір __dict__:    ",[3433,8779,8781],{"className":8780},[7380],"232 байтів"," (порожній словник!)",[5223,8784],{"className":8785},[3435],[5223,8787,8789],{"className":8788},[3435],"1 000 000 екземплярів:",[5223,8791,8793,8794],{"className":8792},[3435],"  з __dict__:   ",[3433,8795,8797],{"className":8796},[7380],"~220.5 МБ",[5223,8799,8801,8802],{"className":8800},[3435],"  зі __slots__:  ",[3433,8803,8805],{"className":8804},[5251],"~56.0 МБ",[5223,8807,8809,8810],{"className":8808},[3435],"  Економія: ",[3433,8811,8813],{"className":8812},[5251],"~75%",[3394,8815,8816,8817,8820,8821,8823],{},"Результати наочно ілюструють фундаментальний компроміс: ",[3405,8818,8819],{},"динамічність коштує пам'яті",". Кожен порожній ",[3414,8822,8151],{}," займає щонайменше 232 байти на 64-бітній системі — і це до того, як у нього додано хоч один ключ.",[3398,8825,8827,8828],{"id":8826},"механізм-роботи-__slots__","Механізм роботи ",[3414,8829,8196],{},[3394,8831,8832,8833,8836,8837,8839,8840,8843],{},"При оголошенні ",[3414,8834,8835],{},"__slots__ = ('x', 'y', 'z')"," Python замість ",[3414,8838,3560],{}," створює для кожного атрибута окремий ",[3405,8841,8842],{},"дескриптор"," на рівні класу — спеціальний об'єкт, що напряму контролює доступ до фіксованого слоту пам'яті в екземплярі. Фактично, атрибути екземпляра перетворюються на щось більш подібне до полів у C-структурах: фіксовані зміщення у блоці пам'яті об'єкта.",[4534,8845,8846],{},[3424,8847,8849],{"className":4538,"code":8848,"language":4540,"meta":3429,"style":3429},"@startuml\nskinparam style plain\nskinparam backgroundColor #ffffff\nskinparam ArrowColor #6366f1\n\npackage \"Клас з ~__dict~__ (звичайний)\" {\n    object \"PointWithDict instance\" as ObjDict #fef3c7 {\n        ob_refcnt = 1\n        ob_type -> PointWithDict\n        ~__dict~__ -> {словник}\n    }\n    object \"{словник} (окрема алокація)\" as D #fee2e2 {\n        \"x\" -> 1.0\n        \"y\" -> 2.0\n        \"z\" -> 3.0\n        (+ 200+ байт overhead)\n    }\n    ObjDict --> D\n}\n\npackage \"Клас зі ~__slots~__\" {\n    object \"PointWithSlots instance\" as ObjSlots #d1fae5 {\n        ob_refcnt = 1\n        ob_type -> PointWithSlots\n        slot[0] = 1.0 (x)\n        slot[1] = 2.0 (y)\n        slot[2] = 3.0 (z)\n    }\n    note right of ObjSlots\n      Без ~__dict~__!\n      Без ~__weakref~__!\n      Мінімальний розмір.\n      Прямий доступ до даних.\n    end note\n}\n@enduml\n",[3414,8850,8851,8855,8859,8863,8867,8871,8876,8881,8886,8891,8896,8900,8905,8910,8915,8920,8925,8929,8934,8938,8942,8947,8952,8956,8961,8966,8971,8976,8980,8985,8990,8995,9000,9005,9009,9013],{"__ignoreMap":3429},[3433,8852,8853],{"class":3435,"line":3436},[3433,8854,4547],{},[3433,8856,8857],{"class":3435,"line":3451},[3433,8858,4552],{},[3433,8860,8861],{"class":3435,"line":3465},[3433,8862,4557],{},[3433,8864,8865],{"class":3435,"line":3475},[3433,8866,4562],{},[3433,8868,8869],{"class":3435,"line":3482},[3433,8870,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,8872,8873],{"class":3435,"line":3488},[3433,8874,8875],{},"package \"Клас з ~__dict~__ (звичайний)\" {\n",[3433,8877,8878],{"class":3435,"line":3500},[3433,8879,8880],{},"    object \"PointWithDict instance\" as ObjDict #fef3c7 {\n",[3433,8882,8883],{"class":3435,"line":3513},[3433,8884,8885],{},"        ob_refcnt = 1\n",[3433,8887,8888],{"class":3435,"line":3518},[3433,8889,8890],{},"        ob_type -> PointWithDict\n",[3433,8892,8893],{"class":3435,"line":3531},[3433,8894,8895],{},"        ~__dict~__ -> {словник}\n",[3433,8897,8898],{"class":3435,"line":3542},[3433,8899,4705],{},[3433,8901,8902],{"class":3435,"line":3742},[3433,8903,8904],{},"    object \"{словник} (окрема алокація)\" as D #fee2e2 {\n",[3433,8906,8907],{"class":3435,"line":3753},[3433,8908,8909],{},"        \"x\" -> 1.0\n",[3433,8911,8912],{"class":3435,"line":3768},[3433,8913,8914],{},"        \"y\" -> 2.0\n",[3433,8916,8917],{"class":3435,"line":4030},[3433,8918,8919],{},"        \"z\" -> 3.0\n",[3433,8921,8922],{"class":3435,"line":4045},[3433,8923,8924],{},"        (+ 200+ байт overhead)\n",[3433,8926,8927],{"class":3435,"line":4061},[3433,8928,4705],{},[3433,8930,8931],{"class":3435,"line":4066},[3433,8932,8933],{},"    ObjDict --> D\n",[3433,8935,8936],{"class":3435,"line":4077},[3433,8937,4630],{},[3433,8939,8940],{"class":3435,"line":4088},[3433,8941,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,8943,8944],{"class":3435,"line":4642},[3433,8945,8946],{},"package \"Клас зі ~__slots~__\" {\n",[3433,8948,8949],{"class":3435,"line":4648},[3433,8950,8951],{},"    object \"PointWithSlots instance\" as ObjSlots #d1fae5 {\n",[3433,8953,8954],{"class":3435,"line":4654},[3433,8955,8885],{},[3433,8957,8958],{"class":3435,"line":4660},[3433,8959,8960],{},"        ob_type -> PointWithSlots\n",[3433,8962,8963],{"class":3435,"line":4666},[3433,8964,8965],{},"        slot[0] = 1.0 (x)\n",[3433,8967,8968],{"class":3435,"line":4672},[3433,8969,8970],{},"        slot[1] = 2.0 (y)\n",[3433,8972,8973],{"class":3435,"line":4678},[3433,8974,8975],{},"        slot[2] = 3.0 (z)\n",[3433,8977,8978],{"class":3435,"line":4684},[3433,8979,4705],{},[3433,8981,8982],{"class":3435,"line":4690},[3433,8983,8984],{},"    note right of ObjSlots\n",[3433,8986,8987],{"class":3435,"line":4696},[3433,8988,8989],{},"      Без ~__dict~__!\n",[3433,8991,8992],{"class":3435,"line":4702},[3433,8993,8994],{},"      Без ~__weakref~__!\n",[3433,8996,8997],{"class":3435,"line":4708},[3433,8998,8999],{},"      Мінімальний розмір.\n",[3433,9001,9002],{"class":3435,"line":4714},[3433,9003,9004],{},"      Прямий доступ до даних.\n",[3433,9006,9007],{"class":3435,"line":4720},[3433,9008,4625],{},[3433,9010,9011],{"class":3435,"line":4726},[3433,9012,4630],{},[3433,9014,9015],{"class":3435,"line":4732},[3433,9016,4809],{},[3398,9018,9020,9021],{"id":9019},"обмеження-та-підводні-камені-__slots__","Обмеження та підводні камені ",[3414,9022,8196],{},[3394,9024,9025,9026,9028],{},"Незважаючи на значну перевагу у споживанні пам'яті, ",[3414,9027,8196],{}," вносить низку обмежень, ігнорування яких призводить до неочевидних помилок.",[3394,9030,9031,9034,9035,9037],{},[3405,9032,9033],{},"Обмеження 1: Неможливо додати нові атрибути динамічно."," Однією з «суперсил» Python є можливість додавати атрибути до будь-якого об'єкта у runtime. Зі ",[3414,9036,8196],{}," ця можливість зникає:",[3424,9039,9041],{"className":3426,"code":9040,"language":3428,"meta":3429,"style":3429},"p = PointWithSlots(1.0, 2.0, 3.0)\np.w = 4.0  # AttributeError: 'PointWithSlots' object has no attribute 'w'\n",[3414,9042,9043,9060],{"__ignoreMap":3429},[3433,9044,9045,9048,9050,9052,9054,9056,9058],{"class":3435,"line":3436},[3433,9046,9047],{"class":3447},"p = PointWithSlots(",[3433,9049,8425],{"class":3457},[3433,9051,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,9053,8430],{"class":3457},[3433,9055,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,9057,8435],{"class":3457},[3433,9059,3739],{"class":3447},[3433,9061,9062,9065,9068],{"class":3435,"line":3451},[3433,9063,9064],{"class":3447},"p.w = ",[3433,9066,9067],{"class":3457},"4.0",[3433,9069,9070],{"class":3461},"  # AttributeError: 'PointWithSlots' object has no attribute 'w'\n",[3394,9072,9073,9079,9080,9082,9083,9085],{},[3405,9074,9075,9076,9078],{},"Обмеження 2: Потрібно оголосити ",[3414,9077,8196],{}," у КОЖНОМУ класі ієрархії."," Якщо батьківський клас не має ",[3414,9081,8196],{},", дочірній клас все одно матиме ",[3414,9084,3560],{}," — від батька. Весь ефект оптимізації втрачається:",[3424,9087,9089],{"className":3426,"code":9088,"language":3428,"meta":3429,"style":3429},"class Base:\n    # Немає __slots__ → Base має __dict__\n    pass\n\nclass Child(Base):\n    __slots__ = ('x', 'y')\n    # Child також матиме __dict__ (успадкований від Base)!\n    # Оголошення __slots__ тут марне з точки зору економії пам'яті.\n",[3414,9090,9091,9100,9105,9109,9113,9127,9141,9146],{"__ignoreMap":3429},[3433,9092,9093,9095,9098],{"class":3435,"line":3436},[3433,9094,3440],{"class":3439},[3433,9096,9097],{"class":3443}," Base",[3433,9099,3448],{"class":3447},[3433,9101,9102],{"class":3435,"line":3451},[3433,9103,9104],{"class":3461},"    # Немає __slots__ → Base має __dict__\n",[3433,9106,9107],{"class":3435,"line":3465},[3433,9108,5958],{"class":3667},[3433,9110,9111],{"class":3435,"line":3475},[3433,9112,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,9114,9115,9117,9120,9122,9125],{"class":3435,"line":3482},[3433,9116,3440],{"class":3439},[3433,9118,9119],{"class":3443}," Child",[3433,9121,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,9123,9124],{"class":3443},"Base",[3433,9126,4391],{"class":3447},[3433,9128,9129,9131,9133,9135,9137,9139],{"class":3435,"line":3488},[3433,9130,8330],{"class":3607},[3433,9132,8333],{"class":3447},[3433,9134,6264],{"class":3506},[3433,9136,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,9138,6282],{"class":3506},[3433,9140,3739],{"class":3447},[3433,9142,9143],{"class":3435,"line":3500},[3433,9144,9145],{"class":3461},"    # Child також матиме __dict__ (успадкований від Base)!\n",[3433,9147,9148],{"class":3435,"line":3513},[3433,9149,9150],{"class":3461},"    # Оголошення __slots__ тут марне з точки зору економії пам'яті.\n",[3394,9152,9153,9156,9157,9159],{},[3405,9154,9155],{},"Обмеження 3: Складнощі з множинним спадкуванням."," Якщо два батьківські класи мають непорожні ",[3414,9158,8196],{},", їхнє поєднання вимагає ретельного проектування.",[7716,9161,9162,9167,9168,9170],{},[3405,9163,9164,9165,3416],{},"Правило застосування ",[3414,9166,8196],{}," Використовуйте ",[3414,9169,8196],{}," виключно у двох сценаріях: (1) клас є «value object» або структурою даних (Data Transfer Object), що не планується розширювати динамічно; (2) система обробляє велику кількість (від 100 000+) однотипних екземплярів, і профайлер підтвердив, що пам'ять є вузьким місцем. У всіх інших випадках краща читабельність та передбачуваність звичайного підходу переважає маргінальну економію пам'яті.",[4301,9172],{},[3389,9174,9176,9177],{"id":9175},"клас-як-обєкт-що-python-думає-про-ваш-class","Клас як об'єкт: що Python думає про ваш ",[3414,9178,3440],{},[3394,9180,9181,9182,9185,9186,9188],{},"Один з найбільш парадоксальних фактів Python: ",[3405,9183,9184],{},"клас сам є об'єктом",". Це не метафора — в Python клас є повноцінним об'єктом типу ",[3414,9187,5642],{},". Ця особливість є наслідком єдиної системи типів та відкриває двері до метапрограмування.",[3424,9190,9192],{"className":3426,"code":9191,"language":3428,"meta":3429,"style":3429},"class Employee:\n    company = \"Kostyl Corp\"\n\n    def __init__(self, name: str):\n        self.name = name\n\n\n# Клас є об'єктом типу type\nprint(type(Employee))          # \u003Cclass 'type'>\nprint(type(42))                # \u003Cclass 'int'>\nprint(type(\"hello\"))           # \u003Cclass 'str'>\n\n# type — це метаклас: клас, що створює класи\nprint(type(type))              # \u003Cclass 'type'>  (type є своїм власним типом!)\n\n# У класу є свій __dict__, як і у будь-якого об'єкта\nprint(Employee.__dict__.keys())\n# dict_keys(['__module__', '__dict__', '__weakref__', '__doc__', 'company', '__init__'])\n\n# Атрибути класу можна читати та змінювати у runtime\nprint(Employee.company)        # \"Kostyl Corp\"\nEmployee.company = \"New Corp\"  # Змінюємо для ВСІХ екземплярів!\nprint(Employee.company)        # \"New Corp\"\n\n# Методи — це просто функції в __dict__ класу\nprint(Employee.__dict__['__init__'])  # \u003Cfunction Employee.__init__ at 0x...>\n",[3414,9193,9194,9202,9208,9212,9232,9238,9242,9246,9251,9265,9283,9302,9306,9311,9329,9333,9338,9350,9355,9359,9364,9373,9384,9393,9397,9402],{"__ignoreMap":3429},[3433,9195,9196,9198,9200],{"class":3435,"line":3436},[3433,9197,3440],{"class":3439},[3433,9199,4841],{"class":3443},[3433,9201,3448],{"class":3447},[3433,9203,9204,9206],{"class":3435,"line":3451},[3433,9205,7768],{"class":3447},[3433,9207,4865],{"class":3506},[3433,9209,9210],{"class":3435,"line":3465},[3433,9211,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,9213,9214,9216,9218,9220,9222,9224,9226,9228,9230],{"class":3435,"line":3475},[3433,9215,3598],{"class":3439},[3433,9217,3601],{"class":3521},[3433,9219,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,9221,3578],{"class":3607},[3433,9223,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,9225,4373],{"class":3607},[3433,9227,3616],{"class":3447},[3433,9229,4888],{"class":3443},[3433,9231,4391],{"class":3447},[3433,9233,9234,9236],{"class":3435,"line":3482},[3433,9235,3630],{"class":3439},[3433,9237,4927],{"class":3447},[3433,9239,9240],{"class":3435,"line":3488},[3433,9241,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,9243,9244],{"class":3435,"line":3500},[3433,9245,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,9247,9248],{"class":3435,"line":3513},[3433,9249,9250],{"class":3461},"# Клас є об'єктом типу type\n",[3433,9252,9253,9255,9257,9259,9262],{"class":3435,"line":3518},[3433,9254,3522],{"class":3521},[3433,9256,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,9258,5642],{"class":3443},[3433,9260,9261],{"class":3447},"(Employee))          ",[3433,9263,9264],{"class":3461},"# \u003Cclass 'type'>\n",[3433,9266,9267,9269,9271,9273,9275,9277,9280],{"class":3435,"line":3531},[3433,9268,3522],{"class":3521},[3433,9270,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,9272,5642],{"class":3443},[3433,9274,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,9276,7280],{"class":3457},[3433,9278,9279],{"class":3447},"))                ",[3433,9281,9282],{"class":3461},"# \u003Cclass 'int'>\n",[3433,9284,9285,9287,9289,9291,9293,9296,9299],{"class":3435,"line":3542},[3433,9286,3522],{"class":3521},[3433,9288,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,9290,5642],{"class":3443},[3433,9292,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,9294,9295],{"class":3506},"\"hello\"",[3433,9297,9298],{"class":3447},"))           ",[3433,9300,9301],{"class":3461},"# \u003Cclass 'str'>\n",[3433,9303,9304],{"class":3435,"line":3742},[3433,9305,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,9307,9308],{"class":3435,"line":3753},[3433,9309,9310],{"class":3461},"# type — це метаклас: клас, що створює класи\n",[3433,9312,9313,9315,9317,9319,9321,9323,9326],{"class":3435,"line":3768},[3433,9314,3522],{"class":3521},[3433,9316,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,9318,5642],{"class":3443},[3433,9320,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,9322,5642],{"class":3443},[3433,9324,9325],{"class":3447},"))              ",[3433,9327,9328],{"class":3461},"# \u003Cclass 'type'>  (type є своїм власним типом!)\n",[3433,9330,9331],{"class":3435,"line":4030},[3433,9332,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,9334,9335],{"class":3435,"line":4045},[3433,9336,9337],{"class":3461},"# У класу є свій __dict__, як і у будь-якого об'єкта\n",[3433,9339,9340,9342,9345,9347],{"class":3435,"line":4061},[3433,9341,3522],{"class":3521},[3433,9343,9344],{"class":3447},"(Employee.",[3433,9346,3560],{"class":3607},[3433,9348,9349],{"class":3447},".keys())\n",[3433,9351,9352],{"class":3435,"line":4066},[3433,9353,9354],{"class":3461},"# dict_keys(['__module__', '__dict__', '__weakref__', '__doc__', 'company', '__init__'])\n",[3433,9356,9357],{"class":3435,"line":4077},[3433,9358,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,9360,9361],{"class":3435,"line":4088},[3433,9362,9363],{"class":3461},"# Атрибути класу можна читати та змінювати у runtime\n",[3433,9365,9366,9368,9371],{"class":3435,"line":4642},[3433,9367,3522],{"class":3521},[3433,9369,9370],{"class":3447},"(Employee.company)        ",[3433,9372,7869],{"class":3461},[3433,9374,9375,9378,9381],{"class":3435,"line":4648},[3433,9376,9377],{"class":3447},"Employee.company = ",[3433,9379,9380],{"class":3506},"\"New Corp\"",[3433,9382,9383],{"class":3461},"  # Змінюємо для ВСІХ екземплярів!\n",[3433,9385,9386,9388,9390],{"class":3435,"line":4654},[3433,9387,3522],{"class":3521},[3433,9389,9370],{"class":3447},[3433,9391,9392],{"class":3461},"# \"New Corp\"\n",[3433,9394,9395],{"class":3435,"line":4660},[3433,9396,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,9398,9399],{"class":3435,"line":4666},[3433,9400,9401],{"class":3461},"# Методи — це просто функції в __dict__ класу\n",[3433,9403,9404,9406,9408,9410,9413,9416,9419],{"class":3435,"line":4672},[3433,9405,3522],{"class":3521},[3433,9407,9344],{"class":3447},[3433,9409,3560],{"class":3607},[3433,9411,9412],{"class":3447},"[",[3433,9414,9415],{"class":3506},"'__init__'",[3433,9417,9418],{"class":3447},"])  ",[3433,9420,9421],{"class":3461},"# \u003Cfunction Employee.__init__ at 0x...>\n",[9423,9424],"debugger-view",{":variables":9425,"title":9426},"[{\"name\": \"Employee\", \"type\": \"type\", \"value\": \"\u003Cclass __main__.Employee>\"}, {\"name\": \"type(Employee)\", \"type\": \"type\", \"value\": \"\u003Cclass type>\"}, {\"name\": \"Employee.__dict__\", \"type\": \"mappingproxy\", \"value\": \"{company: Kostyl Corp, __init__: \u003Cfunction ...>}\"}, {\"name\": \"Employee.__mro__\", \"type\": \"tuple\", \"value\": \"(\u003Cclass Employee>, \u003Cclass object>)\"}]","Клас Employee у пам'яті Python",[4301,9428],{},[3389,9430,9432],{"id":9431},"порівняльна-таблиця-атрибути-класу-vs-атрибути-екземпляра","Порівняльна таблиця: атрибути класу vs атрибути екземпляра",[4125,9434,9435,9446],{},[4128,9436,9437],{},[4131,9438,9439,9442,9444],{},[4134,9440,9441],{},"Характеристика",[4134,9443,3798],{},[4134,9445,3782],{},[4144,9447,9448,9464,9479,9492,9505,9518],{},[4131,9449,9450,9455,9458],{},[4149,9451,9452],{},[3405,9453,9454],{},"Де оголошується",[4149,9456,9457],{},"Безпосередньо в тілі класу",[4149,9459,9460,9461],{},"У методах через ",[3414,9462,9463],{},"self.attr = ...",[4131,9465,9466,9471,9475],{},[4149,9467,9468],{},[3405,9469,9470],{},"Де зберігається",[4149,9472,9473],{},[3414,9474,3802],{},[4149,9476,9477],{},[3414,9478,3787],{},[4131,9480,9481,9486,9489],{},[4149,9482,9483],{},[3405,9484,9485],{},"Спільність",[4149,9487,9488],{},"Спільний для ВСІХ екземплярів",[4149,9490,9491],{},"Унікальний для кожного екземпляра",[4131,9493,9494,9499,9502],{},[4149,9495,9496],{},[3405,9497,9498],{},"Пріоритет пошуку",[4149,9500,9501],{},"Нижчий (перевіряється після екземпляра)",[4149,9503,9504],{},"Вищий (перевіряється першим)",[4131,9506,9507,9512,9515],{},[4149,9508,9509],{},[3405,9510,9511],{},"Мутабельні типи",[4149,9513,9514],{},"⚠️ Небезпечно (спільний список)",[4149,9516,9517],{},"✅ Безпечно",[4131,9519,9520,9525,9528],{},[4149,9521,9522],{},[3405,9523,9524],{},"Типове використання",[4149,9526,9527],{},"Константи, лічильники, конфігурація",[4149,9529,9530],{},"Дані, що є унікальними для об'єкта",[7101,9532,9533,9539],{},[3394,9534,9535,9538],{},[3405,9536,9537],{},"Найпоширеніша помилка з мутабельними атрибутами класу."," Ніколи не оголошуйте мутабельні об'єкти (списки, словники) як атрибути класу, якщо вони мали б бути унікальними для кожного екземпляра:",[3424,9540,9542],{"className":3426,"code":9541,"language":3428,"meta":3429,"style":3429},"class BrokenTeam:\n    members = []  # ❌ ОДИН список для ВСІХ екземплярів!\n\n    def add_member(self, name):\n        self.members.append(name)\n\nclass CorrectTeam:\n    def __init__(self):\n        self.members = []  # ✅ Кожен екземпляр має ВЛАСНИЙ список\n\n    def add_member(self, name):\n        self.members.append(name)\n\nt1 = BrokenTeam()\nt2 = BrokenTeam()\nt1.add_member(\"Олена\")\nprint(t2.members)  # [\"Олена\"] — !!! t2 теж бачить члена t1\n",[3414,9543,9544,9553,9561,9565,9582,9589,9593,9602,9614,9624,9628,9644,9650,9654,9659,9664,9673],{"__ignoreMap":3429},[3433,9545,9546,9548,9551],{"class":3435,"line":3436},[3433,9547,3440],{"class":3439},[3433,9549,9550],{"class":3443}," BrokenTeam",[3433,9552,3448],{"class":3447},[3433,9554,9555,9558],{"class":3435,"line":3451},[3433,9556,9557],{"class":3447},"    members = []  ",[3433,9559,9560],{"class":3461},"# ❌ ОДИН список для ВСІХ екземплярів!\n",[3433,9562,9563],{"class":3435,"line":3465},[3433,9564,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,9566,9567,9569,9572,9574,9576,9578,9580],{"class":3435,"line":3475},[3433,9568,3598],{"class":3439},[3433,9570,9571],{"class":3521}," add_member",[3433,9573,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,9575,3578],{"class":3607},[3433,9577,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,9579,4373],{"class":3607},[3433,9581,4391],{"class":3447},[3433,9583,9584,9586],{"class":3435,"line":3482},[3433,9585,3630],{"class":3439},[3433,9587,9588],{"class":3447},".members.append(name)\n",[3433,9590,9591],{"class":3435,"line":3488},[3433,9592,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,9594,9595,9597,9600],{"class":3435,"line":3500},[3433,9596,3440],{"class":3439},[3433,9598,9599],{"class":3443}," CorrectTeam",[3433,9601,3448],{"class":3447},[3433,9603,9604,9606,9608,9610,9612],{"class":3435,"line":3513},[3433,9605,3598],{"class":3439},[3433,9607,3601],{"class":3521},[3433,9609,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,9611,3578],{"class":3607},[3433,9613,4391],{"class":3447},[3433,9615,9616,9618,9621],{"class":3435,"line":3518},[3433,9617,3630],{"class":3439},[3433,9619,9620],{"class":3447},".members = []  ",[3433,9622,9623],{"class":3461},"# ✅ Кожен екземпляр має ВЛАСНИЙ список\n",[3433,9625,9626],{"class":3435,"line":3531},[3433,9627,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,9629,9630,9632,9634,9636,9638,9640,9642],{"class":3435,"line":3542},[3433,9631,3598],{"class":3439},[3433,9633,9571],{"class":3521},[3433,9635,3604],{"class":3447},[3433,9637,3578],{"class":3607},[3433,9639,3610],{"class":3447},[3433,9641,4373],{"class":3607},[3433,9643,4391],{"class":3447},[3433,9645,9646,9648],{"class":3435,"line":3742},[3433,9647,3630],{"class":3439},[3433,9649,9588],{"class":3447},[3433,9651,9652],{"class":3435,"line":3753},[3433,9653,3479],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3478},[3433,9655,9656],{"class":3435,"line":3768},[3433,9657,9658],{"class":3447},"t1 = BrokenTeam()\n",[3433,9660,9661],{"class":3435,"line":4030},[3433,9662,9663],{"class":3447},"t2 = BrokenTeam()\n",[3433,9665,9666,9669,9671],{"class":3435,"line":4045},[3433,9667,9668],{"class":3447},"t1.add_member(",[3433,9670,7838],{"class":3506},[3433,9672,3739],{"class":3447},[3433,9674,9675,9677,9680],{"class":3435,"line":4061},[3433,9676,3522],{"class":3521},[3433,9678,9679],{"class":3447},"(t2.members)  ",[3433,9681,9682],{"class":3461},"# [\"Олена\"] — !!! t2 теж бачить члена t1\n",[4301,9684],{},[3389,9686,9688],{"id":9687},"практичні-завдання","Практичні завдання",[3398,9690,9692],{"id":9691},"рівень-1-базовий","Рівень 1 — Базовий",[3394,9694,9695,9696,9699,9700,4485,9703,9706,9707,3610,9710,4485,9713,9716],{},"Оголосіть клас ",[3414,9697,9698],{},"Rectangle"," з атрибутами ",[3414,9701,9702],{},"width",[3414,9704,9705],{},"height",". Додайте методи ",[3414,9708,9709],{},"area()",[3414,9711,9712],{},"perimeter()",[3414,9714,9715],{},"is_square()",". Створіть три різні прямокутники та виведіть їхні характеристики.",[3398,9718,9720],{"id":9719},"рівень-2-середній","Рівень 2 — Середній",[3394,9722,9723,9724,9727],{},"Реалізуйте клас ",[3414,9725,9726],{},"BankAccount"," для банківського рахунку:",[5320,9729,9730,9737,9749,9766],{},[5323,9731,9732,9733,9736],{},"Атрибут класу ",[3414,9734,9735],{},"interest_rate = 0.05"," (відсоток річних).",[5323,9738,9739,9740,3610,9743,3610,9746,3416],{},"Атрибути екземпляра: ",[3414,9741,9742],{},"owner",[3414,9744,9745],{},"balance",[3414,9747,9748],{},"_transaction_history",[5323,9750,9751,9752,3610,9755,9758,9759,3610,9762,9765],{},"Методи: ",[3414,9753,9754],{},"deposit(amount)",[3414,9756,9757],{},"withdraw(amount)"," (з перевіркою балансу), ",[3414,9760,9761],{},"apply_interest()",[3414,9763,9764],{},"get_statement()"," (виводить всі транзакції).",[5323,9767,9768,9769,9771],{},"Використайте ",[3414,9770,8196],{}," для оптимізації, якщо клас планується масштабувати до мільйонів рахунків.",[3398,9773,9775],{"id":9774},"рівень-3-advanced","Рівень 3 — Advanced",[3394,9777,9778,9779,9782,9783,9785,9786,9789,9790,9793,9794,9797,9798,9801,9802,9804,9805,9807],{},"Реалізуйте ",[3414,9780,9781],{},"ConnectionPool"," — пул з'єднань до бази даних. Клас має бути Singleton (через ",[3414,9784,4156],{},"), що зберігає фіксований пул з'єднань (наприклад, 5 штук, реалізованих як словники з ",[3414,9787,9788],{},"{'id': N, 'in_use': False}","). Методи: ",[3414,9791,9792],{},"acquire()"," — повертає вільне з'єднання та позначає його як зайняте; ",[3414,9795,9796],{},"release(conn_id)"," — звільняє з'єднання; ",[3414,9799,9800],{},"status()"," — повертає кількість вільних\u002Fзайнятих з'єднань. Переконайтеся, що ",[3414,9803,9792],{}," повертає ",[3414,9806,3711],{},", якщо всі з'єднання зайняті.",[4301,9809],{},[3389,9811,9813],{"id":9812},"резюме","Резюме",[3394,9815,9816,9817,9819],{},"Клас у Python — це значно більше, ніж простий шаблон для створення об'єктів. Він є повноцінним об'єктом типу ",[3414,9818,5642],{},", що відкриває можливості для динамічного генерування та модифікації класів у runtime.",[5312,9821,9822,9838,9847,9866],{},[5315,9823,9826,9828,9829,9831,9832,9834,9835,9837],{"icon":9824,"title":9825},"i-heroicons-plus-circle","Інстанціювання",[3414,9827,5627],{}," оркеструє ",[3414,9830,4156],{}," (виділення пам'яті) та ",[3414,9833,3791],{}," (ініціалізацію). Перевизначення ",[3414,9836,4156],{}," дає контроль над самим актом створення об'єкта.",[5315,9839,9842,9844,9845,3416],{"icon":9840,"title":9841},"i-heroicons-link","Природа self",[3414,9843,3578],{}," — це не ключове слово, а перший аргумент методу. Функції в класі є нон-дата дескрипторами, що при зверненні через екземпляр повертають зв'язаний метод із підставленим ",[3414,9846,3578],{},[5315,9848,9851,9852,9854,9855,9858,9859,9862,9863,9865],{"icon":9849,"title":9850},"i-heroicons-rectangle-stack","Атрибути та __dict__","Пошук атрибута: ",[3414,9853,3787],{}," → ",[3414,9856,9857],{},"class.__dict__"," → MRO. Присвоєння через ",[3414,9860,9861],{},"self.attr = val"," завжди пише до ",[3414,9864,3560],{}," екземпляра, ніколи — до класу.",[5315,9867,9870,9872,9873,9875],{"icon":9868,"title":9869},"i-heroicons-cpu-chip","__slots__ та пам'ять",[3414,9871,8196],{}," замінює ",[3414,9874,3560],{}," фіксованими C-рівневими дескрипторами, економлячи до 75% пам'яті при масовому створенні однотипних об'єктів. Ціна — втрата динамічності.",[9877,9878,9879],"style",{},"html pre.shiki code .su1O8, html code.shiki .su1O8{--shiki-light:#0000FF;--shiki-default:#569CD6;--shiki-dark:#569CD6}html pre.shiki code .sN1BT, html code.shiki .sN1BT{--shiki-light:#267F99;--shiki-default:#4EC9B0;--shiki-dark:#4EC9B0}html pre.shiki code .sHH4Y, html code.shiki .sHH4Y{--shiki-light:#000000;--shiki-default:#D4D4D4;--shiki-dark:#D4D4D4}html pre.shiki code .sJj4R, html code.shiki .sJj4R{--shiki-light:#098658;--shiki-default:#B5CEA8;--shiki-dark:#B5CEA8}html pre.shiki code .spJ8K, html code.shiki .spJ8K{--shiki-light:#008000;--shiki-default:#6A9955;--shiki-dark:#6A9955}html pre.shiki code .sbdoH, html code.shiki .sbdoH{--shiki-light:#A31515;--shiki-default:#CE9178;--shiki-dark:#CE9178}html pre.shiki code .s8Opu, html code.shiki .s8Opu{--shiki-light:#795E26;--shiki-default:#DCDCAA;--shiki-dark:#DCDCAA}html .light .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-light);background: var(--shiki-light-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-light-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-light-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-light-text-decoration);}html.light .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-light);background: var(--shiki-light-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-light-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-light-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-light-text-decoration);}html .default .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: var(--shiki-default-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-default-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-default-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-default-text-decoration);}html .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: var(--shiki-default-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-default-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-default-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-default-text-decoration);}html .dark .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-dark);background: var(--shiki-dark-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-dark-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-dark-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-dark-text-decoration);}html.dark .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-dark);background: var(--shiki-dark-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-dark-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-dark-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-dark-text-decoration);}html pre.shiki code .siwwj, html code.shiki .siwwj{--shiki-light:#001080;--shiki-default:#9CDCFE;--shiki-dark:#9CDCFE}html pre.shiki code .s8xlr, html code.shiki .s8xlr{--shiki-light:#AF00DB;--shiki-default:#C586C0;--shiki-dark:#C586C0}html pre.shiki code .sjcCO, html code.shiki .sjcCO{--shiki-light:#EE0000;--shiki-default:#D7BA7D;--shiki-dark:#D7BA7D}",{"title":3429,"searchDepth":3451,"depth":3451,"links":9881},[9882,9888,9889,9894,9902,9907,9915,9917,9918,9923],{"id":3391,"depth":3451,"text":3392,"children":9883},[9884,9885,9886],{"id":3400,"depth":3465,"text":3401},{"id":3564,"depth":3465,"text":3565},{"id":3817,"depth":3465,"text":9887},"Dunder-імена: __X__ — мова Python з самим собою",{"id":4305,"depth":3451,"text":4306},{"id":4814,"depth":3451,"text":4815,"children":9890},[9891,9892],{"id":4818,"depth":3465,"text":4819},{"id":5281,"depth":3465,"text":9893},"Метод __init__: ініціалізація, а не створення",{"id":5381,"depth":3451,"text":9895,"children":9896},"Під капотом CPython: що відбувається при виклику Employee(...)",[9897,9898,9900],{"id":5387,"depth":3465,"text":5388},{"id":5636,"depth":3465,"text":9899},"Три кити системи типів Python: cls, type та object",{"id":6599,"depth":3465,"text":9901},"Заглиблення в __new__: коли і навіщо його перевизначати",{"id":7386,"depth":3451,"text":9903,"children":9904},"Природа self: чому Python вимагає явного першого аргументу",[9905,9906],{"id":7406,"depth":3465,"text":7407},{"id":7741,"depth":3465,"text":7742},{"id":8192,"depth":3451,"text":9908,"children":9909},"Оптимізація пам'яті: __slots__",[9910,9911,9913],{"id":8199,"depth":3465,"text":8200},{"id":8826,"depth":3465,"text":9912},"Механізм роботи __slots__",{"id":9019,"depth":3465,"text":9914},"Обмеження та підводні камені __slots__",{"id":9175,"depth":3451,"text":9916},"Клас як об'єкт: що Python думає про ваш class",{"id":9431,"depth":3451,"text":9432},{"id":9687,"depth":3451,"text":9688,"children":9919},[9920,9921,9922],{"id":9691,"depth":3465,"text":9692},{"id":9719,"depth":3465,"text":9720},{"id":9774,"depth":3465,"text":9775},{"id":9812,"depth":3451,"text":9813},"Глибоке дослідження механізму класів і об'єктів у Python — від фундаментальних принципів інстанціювання до CPython internals, різниці між __init__ та __new__, оптимізації пам'яті через __slots__ та природи self як неявного першого аргументу.","md",null,{},{"title":71,"description":9924},"ZMAIm28pfH8-gXE-l2McyloQR6yYggczJZpI-QWFT44",[9931,9933],{"title":2554,"path":2555,"stem":2556,"description":9932,"children":-1},"Глибоке дослідження системи модулів Python — від механізмів пошуку файлів через sys.path до кешування імпортів у sys.modules, архітектури пакетів з __init__.py та ізоляції залежностей через venv. Фундамент для будь-якого серйозного Python-проекту.",{"title":2561,"path":2562,"stem":2563,"description":9934,"children":-1},"Глибоке дослідження інкапсуляції в Python — від філософії «дорослих людей» та угод про іменування до механізму Name Mangling, обчислювальних властивостей з @property, кастомних дескрипторів та валідації даних через геттери й сеттери.",1783248143886]