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DbProviderFactory — провайдер-незалежний код","/csharp/ado-net/provider-factory","01.csharp/09.ado-net/07.provider-factory",{"title":438,"path":439,"stem":440},"9.8. Асинхронний доступ до даних","/csharp/ado-net/async-data-access","01.csharp/09.ado-net/08.async-data-access",{"title":442,"path":443,"stem":444},"9.9. Від'єднаний режим: DataSet, DataTable, DataRow","/csharp/ado-net/disconnected-mode-dataset","01.csharp/09.ado-net/09.disconnected-mode-dataset",{"title":446,"path":447,"stem":448},"9.10. DataAdapter — міст між DataSet та базою даних","/csharp/ado-net/data-adapter","01.csharp/09.ado-net/10.data-adapter",{"title":450,"path":451,"stem":452},"9.11. Data Mapper та Repository: Архітектура доступу до даних","/csharp/ado-net/data-mapper-repository","01.csharp/09.ado-net/11.data-mapper-repository",{"title":454,"path":455,"stem":456},"9.12. Identity Map, Unit of Work та Specification Pattern","/csharp/ado-net/advanced-patterns","01.csharp/09.ado-net/12.advanced-patterns",{"title":458,"icon":255,"path":459,"stem":460,"children":461,"page":59},"Ef Core","/csharp/ef-core","01.csharp/10.ef-core",[462,466,470,474,478,482,486,490,494,498,502,506,510,514,518,522,526,532,538,542,546,550,554,558,562,566,570,574,578,582,586,590,594,598,602,606,610,614,618,622,626,630,634,638,642,646],{"title":463,"path":464,"stem":465},"Що таке ORM? Від SQL до об'єктів","/csharp/ef-core/what-is-orm","01.csharp/10.ef-core/01.what-is-orm",{"title":467,"path":468,"stem":469},"Перший проєкт — від нуля до CRUD","/csharp/ef-core/first-project","01.csharp/10.ef-core/02.first-project",{"title":471,"path":472,"stem":473},"DbContext — Серце EF Core","/csharp/ef-core/dbcontext-deep-dive","01.csharp/10.ef-core/03.dbcontext-deep-dive",{"title":475,"path":476,"stem":477},"Провайдери баз даних — Архітектура та Вибір СУБД","/csharp/ef-core/database-providers","01.csharp/10.ef-core/04.database-providers",{"title":479,"path":480,"stem":481},"Конвенції EF Core — Магія без конфігурації","/csharp/ef-core/conventions","01.csharp/10.ef-core/05.conventions",{"title":483,"path":484,"stem":485},"Fluent API та Data Annotations — Явна конфігурація моделі","/csharp/ef-core/fluent-api-vs-annotations","01.csharp/10.ef-core/06.fluent-api-vs-annotations",{"title":487,"path":488,"stem":489},"Зв'язки — One-to-One та One-to-Many","/csharp/ef-core/relationships-basics","01.csharp/10.ef-core/07.relationships-basics",{"title":491,"path":492,"stem":493},"Зв'язки Advanced — Many-to-Many та Складні Сценарії","/csharp/ef-core/relationships-advanced","01.csharp/10.ef-core/08.relationships-advanced",{"title":495,"path":496,"stem":497},"Властивості — Типи, Конвертери, Компаратори (Частина 1)","/csharp/ef-core/property-configuration-part1","01.csharp/10.ef-core/09.property-configuration-part1",{"title":499,"path":500,"stem":501},"Властивості — Value Comparers, Generators, Shadow Properties (Частина 2)","/csharp/ef-core/property-configuration-part2","01.csharp/10.ef-core/09.property-configuration-part2",{"title":503,"path":504,"stem":505},"Складні типи — Owned Types та Complex Types (Частина 1)","/csharp/ef-core/complex-types-owned-part1","01.csharp/10.ef-core/10.complex-types-owned-part1",{"title":507,"path":508,"stem":509},"Складні типи — Complex Types, Keyless Entities, Порівняння (Частина 2)","/csharp/ef-core/complex-types-owned-part2","01.csharp/10.ef-core/10.complex-types-owned-part2",{"title":511,"path":512,"stem":513},"JSON Columns — Складні дані у JSON (Частина 1)","/csharp/ef-core/json-columns-part1","01.csharp/10.ef-core/11.json-columns-part1",{"title":515,"path":516,"stem":517},"JSON Columns — Value Comparers, Індекси, Провайдери (Частина 2)","/csharp/ef-core/json-columns-part2","01.csharp/10.ef-core/11.json-columns-part2",{"title":519,"path":520,"stem":521},"Успадкування — Абстрактні класи та TPH (Частина 1)","/csharp/ef-core/inheritance-part1","01.csharp/10.ef-core/12.inheritance-part1",{"title":523,"path":524,"stem":525},"Успадкування — TPT, TPC та Порівняння Стратегій (Частина 2)","/csharp/ef-core/inheritance-part2","01.csharp/10.ef-core/12.inheritance-part2",{"title":527,"path":528,"stem":529,"children":530},"Індекси, Обмеження та Схема (Частина 1)","/csharp/ef-core/indexes-constraints-part1","01.csharp/10.ef-core/13.indexes-constraints-part1",[531],{"title":527,"path":528,"stem":529},{"title":533,"path":534,"stem":535,"children":536},"Індекси, Обмеження та Схема (Частина 2)","/csharp/ef-core/indexes-constraints-part2","01.csharp/10.ef-core/13.indexes-constraints-part2",[537],{"title":533,"path":534,"stem":535},{"title":539,"path":540,"stem":541},"Seed Data — Початкові Дані (Частина 1)","/csharp/ef-core/seeding-part1","01.csharp/10.ef-core/14.seeding-part1",{"title":543,"path":544,"stem":545},"Seed Data — SQL-скрипти, Bogus та Стратегії (Частина 2)","/csharp/ef-core/seeding-part2","01.csharp/10.ef-core/14.seeding-part2",{"title":547,"path":548,"stem":549},"Global Query Filters — Глобальні Фільтри (Частина 1)","/csharp/ef-core/global-query-filters-part1","01.csharp/10.ef-core/15.global-query-filters-part1",{"title":551,"path":552,"stem":553},"Global Query Filters — Підводні камені та Інтеграція (Частина 2)","/csharp/ef-core/global-query-filters-part2","01.csharp/10.ef-core/15.global-query-filters-part2",{"title":555,"path":556,"stem":557},"LINQ-запити в EF Core (Частина 1)","/csharp/ef-core/linq-queries-part1","01.csharp/10.ef-core/16.linq-queries-part1",{"title":559,"path":560,"stem":561},"LINQ-запити в EF Core (Частина 2)","/csharp/ef-core/linq-queries-part2","01.csharp/10.ef-core/16.linq-queries-part2",{"title":563,"path":564,"stem":565},"Завантаження Пов'язаних Даних (Частина 1)","/csharp/ef-core/loading-related-data-part1","01.csharp/10.ef-core/17.loading-related-data-part1",{"title":567,"path":568,"stem":569},"Завантаження Пов'язаних Даних (Частина 2)","/csharp/ef-core/loading-related-data-part2","01.csharp/10.ef-core/17.loading-related-data-part2",{"title":571,"path":572,"stem":573},"Raw SQL, Views та Stored Procedures (Частина 1)","/csharp/ef-core/raw-sql-part1","01.csharp/10.ef-core/18.raw-sql-part1",{"title":575,"path":576,"stem":577},"Raw SQL — Stored Procedures, DbFunction та Bulk Operations (Частина 2)","/csharp/ef-core/raw-sql-part2","01.csharp/10.ef-core/18.raw-sql-part2",{"title":579,"path":580,"stem":581},"Продвинуті Запити — Compiled Queries, Bulk та Оптимізація (Частина 1)","/csharp/ef-core/advanced-queries-part1","01.csharp/10.ef-core/19.advanced-queries-part1",{"title":583,"path":584,"stem":585},"Продвинуті Запити — Query Tags, Bulk та Interceptors (Частина 2)","/csharp/ef-core/advanced-queries-part2","01.csharp/10.ef-core/19.advanced-queries-part2",{"title":587,"path":588,"stem":589},"Change Tracker — Відстеження Змін (Частина 1)","/csharp/ef-core/change-tracking-part1","01.csharp/10.ef-core/20.change-tracking-part1",{"title":591,"path":592,"stem":593},"Change Tracker — Графи Об'єктів та Disconnected (Частина 2)","/csharp/ef-core/change-tracking-part2","01.csharp/10.ef-core/20.change-tracking-part2",{"title":595,"path":596,"stem":597},"Збереження Даних та Транзакції (Частина 1)","/csharp/ef-core/saving-data-part1","01.csharp/10.ef-core/21.saving-data-part1",{"title":599,"path":600,"stem":601},"Збереження Даних — Concurrency та Outbox (Частина 2)","/csharp/ef-core/saving-data-part2","01.csharp/10.ef-core/21.saving-data-part2",{"title":603,"path":604,"stem":605},"Конкурентність та Блокування (Частина 1)","/csharp/ef-core/concurrency-part1","01.csharp/10.ef-core/22.concurrency-part1",{"title":607,"path":608,"stem":609},"Конкурентність — Дедлоки та Queue Processing (Частина 2)","/csharp/ef-core/concurrency-part2","01.csharp/10.ef-core/22.concurrency-part2",{"title":611,"path":612,"stem":613},"Міграції в EF Core — Основи (Частина 1)","/csharp/ef-core/migrations-basics-part1","01.csharp/10.ef-core/23.migrations-basics-part1",{"title":615,"path":616,"stem":617},"Міграції в EF Core — Основи (Частина 2)","/csharp/ef-core/migrations-basics-part2","01.csharp/10.ef-core/23.migrations-basics-part2",{"title":619,"path":620,"stem":621},"Міграції — Просунуті Сценарії (Частина 1)","/csharp/ef-core/migrations-advanced-part1","01.csharp/10.ef-core/24.migrations-advanced-part1",{"title":623,"path":624,"stem":625},"Міграції — Просунуті Сценарії (Частина 2)","/csharp/ef-core/migrations-advanced-part2","01.csharp/10.ef-core/24.migrations-advanced-part2",{"title":627,"path":628,"stem":629},"Управління Схемою та Database-First (Частина 1)","/csharp/ef-core/schema-management-part1","01.csharp/10.ef-core/25.schema-management-part1",{"title":631,"path":632,"stem":633},"Управління Схемою та Database-First (Частина 2)","/csharp/ef-core/schema-management-part2","01.csharp/10.ef-core/25.schema-management-part2",{"title":635,"path":636,"stem":637},"Продуктивність EF Core — Основи (Частина 1)","/csharp/ef-core/performance-fundamentals-part1","01.csharp/10.ef-core/26.performance-fundamentals-part1",{"title":639,"path":640,"stem":641},"Interceptors в EF Core (Частина 1)","/csharp/ef-core/interceptors-part1","01.csharp/10.ef-core/29.interceptors-part1",{"title":643,"path":644,"stem":645},"Interceptors в EF Core — Connection, Transaction та Materialization (Частина 2)","/csharp/ef-core/interceptors-part2","01.csharp/10.ef-core/29.interceptors-part2",{"title":647,"path":648,"stem":649},"План вивчення Entity Framework Core — Повний курс","/csharp/ef-core/implementation_plan","01.csharp/10.ef-core/implementation_plan",{"title":651,"icon":652,"path":653,"stem":654,"children":655,"page":59},"ASP.NET","i-devicon-dotnetcore","/csharp/aspnet","01.csharp/11.aspnet",[656,730,791,869,927,941,967,1057,1111,1182,1212,1289],{"title":657,"icon":658,"path":659,"stem":660,"children":661,"page":59},"Minimal API","i-lucide-network","/csharp/aspnet/minimal-api","01.csharp/11.aspnet/01.minimal-api",[662,666,670,674,678,682,686,690,694,698,702,706,710,714,718,722,726],{"title":663,"path":664,"stem":665},"Вступ до ASP.NET та еволюція фреймворку","/csharp/aspnet/minimal-api/introduction","01.csharp/11.aspnet/01.minimal-api/01.introduction",{"title":667,"path":668,"stem":669},"Перший додаток на ASP.NET Core","/csharp/aspnet/minimal-api/first-application","01.csharp/11.aspnet/01.minimal-api/02.first-application",{"title":671,"path":672,"stem":673},"WebApplication, Builder та Dependency Injection","/csharp/aspnet/minimal-api/webapplication-builder","01.csharp/11.aspnet/01.minimal-api/03.webapplication-builder",{"title":675,"path":676,"stem":677},"Конвеєр запитів та Middleware","/csharp/aspnet/minimal-api/request-pipeline-middleware","01.csharp/11.aspnet/01.minimal-api/04.request-pipeline-middleware",{"title":679,"path":680,"stem":681},"Маршрутизація в ASP.NET Core: Основи","/csharp/aspnet/minimal-api/routing-basics","01.csharp/11.aspnet/01.minimal-api/05.routing-basics",{"title":683,"path":684,"stem":685},"Маршрутизація в ASP.NET Core: Розширені можливості","/csharp/aspnet/minimal-api/routing-advanced","01.csharp/11.aspnet/01.minimal-api/06.routing-advanced",{"title":687,"path":688,"stem":689},"Статичні файли в ASP.NET Core","/csharp/aspnet/minimal-api/static-files","01.csharp/11.aspnet/01.minimal-api/07.static-files",{"title":691,"path":692,"stem":693},"Статичні Активи: MapStaticAssets (ASP.NET Core 9.0)","/csharp/aspnet/minimal-api/static-assets","01.csharp/11.aspnet/01.minimal-api/08.static-assets",{"title":695,"path":696,"stem":697},"Конфігурація в ASP.NET Core: Основи","/csharp/aspnet/minimal-api/configuration-fundamentals","01.csharp/11.aspnet/01.minimal-api/09.configuration-fundamentals",{"title":699,"path":700,"stem":701},"Конфігурація: Паттерн Options","/csharp/aspnet/minimal-api/configuration-options","01.csharp/11.aspnet/01.minimal-api/10.configuration-options",{"title":703,"path":704,"stem":705},"Логування в ASP.NET Core: Основи","/csharp/aspnet/minimal-api/logging-basics","01.csharp/11.aspnet/01.minimal-api/11.logging-basics",{"title":707,"path":708,"stem":709},"Логування: Serilog та Middleware","/csharp/aspnet/minimal-api/logging-advanced","01.csharp/11.aspnet/01.minimal-api/12.logging-advanced",{"title":711,"path":712,"stem":713},"Управління станом: HttpContext.Items та Cookies","/csharp/aspnet/minimal-api/state-management","01.csharp/11.aspnet/01.minimal-api/13.state-management",{"title":715,"path":716,"stem":717},"Стан сесії: Sessions","/csharp/aspnet/minimal-api/session-state","01.csharp/11.aspnet/01.minimal-api/14.session-state",{"title":719,"path":720,"stem":721},"Структура проєкту: від хаосу до архітектури","/csharp/aspnet/minimal-api/project-structure","01.csharp/11.aspnet/01.minimal-api/15.project-structure",{"title":723,"path":724,"stem":725},"Scalar у Minimal API: повний проєкт і Fluent OpenAPI","/csharp/aspnet/minimal-api/scalar-openapi-fluent","01.csharp/11.aspnet/01.minimal-api/16.scalar-openapi-fluent",{"title":727,"path":728,"stem":729},"Swagger / Swashbuckle у Minimal API: окремий класичний шлях","/csharp/aspnet/minimal-api/swagger-swashbuckle","01.csharp/11.aspnet/01.minimal-api/17.swagger-swashbuckle",{"title":731,"icon":658,"path":732,"stem":733,"children":734,"page":59},"API","/csharp/aspnet/api","01.csharp/11.aspnet/02.api",[735,739,743,747,751,755,759,763,767,771,775,779,783,787],{"title":736,"path":737,"stem":738},"Що таке API. Клієнт-серверна архітектура","/csharp/aspnet/api/what-is-api","01.csharp/11.aspnet/02.api/01.what-is-api",{"title":740,"path":741,"stem":742},"Формати даних: JSON, XML, TOML та бінарні формати","/csharp/aspnet/api/data-formats","01.csharp/11.aspnet/02.api/02.data-formats",{"title":744,"path":745,"stem":746},"Парадигми API та концепція REST","/csharp/aspnet/api/api-paradigms-rest","01.csharp/11.aspnet/02.api/03.api-paradigms-rest",{"title":748,"path":749,"stem":750},"HTTP-методи, статус-коди та заголовки","/csharp/aspnet/api/http-methods-status-codes","01.csharp/11.aspnet/02.api/04.http-methods-status-codes",{"title":752,"path":753,"stem":754},"Організація HTTP API за принципами REST","/csharp/aspnet/api/rest-organizing","01.csharp/11.aspnet/02.api/05.rest-organizing",{"title":756,"path":757,"stem":758},"Номенклатура URL та CRUD-операції","/csharp/aspnet/api/url-nomenclature-crud","01.csharp/11.aspnet/02.api/06.url-nomenclature-crud",{"title":760,"path":761,"stem":762},"Правила дизайну: іменування та стандарти","/csharp/aspnet/api/api-design-naming","01.csharp/11.aspnet/02.api/07.api-design-naming",{"title":764,"path":765,"stem":766},"Валідація, ліміти та обробка помилок","/csharp/aspnet/api/api-design-validation","01.csharp/11.aspnet/02.api/08.api-design-validation",{"title":768,"path":769,"stem":770},"Обробка помилок у Minimal API","/csharp/aspnet/api/error-handling-http","01.csharp/11.aspnet/02.api/09.error-handling-http",{"title":772,"path":773,"stem":774},"Ідемпотентність та синхронізація стану","/csharp/aspnet/api/idempotency-sync","01.csharp/11.aspnet/02.api/10.idempotency-sync",{"title":776,"path":777,"stem":778},"Пагінація та організація списків","/csharp/aspnet/api/pagination-lists","01.csharp/11.aspnet/02.api/11.pagination-lists",{"title":780,"path":781,"stem":782},"Безпека API, кешування та інтернаціоналізація","/csharp/aspnet/api/security-auth","01.csharp/11.aspnet/02.api/12.security-auth",{"title":784,"path":785,"stem":786},"Процес проєктування API та документування","/csharp/aspnet/api/api-design-process","01.csharp/11.aspnet/02.api/13.api-design-process",{"title":788,"path":789,"stem":790},"OpenAPI: контракт, специфікація та документація API","/csharp/aspnet/api/openapi","01.csharp/11.aspnet/02.api/14.openapi",{"title":792,"icon":793,"path":794,"stem":795,"children":796,"page":59},"Auth","i-lucide-shield-check","/csharp/aspnet/auth","01.csharp/11.aspnet/03.auth",[797,801,805,809,813,817,821,825,829,833,837,841,845,849,853,857,861,865],{"title":798,"path":799,"stem":800},"Основи аутентифікації та авторизації","/csharp/aspnet/auth/auth-fundamentals","01.csharp/11.aspnet/03.auth/01.auth-fundamentals",{"title":802,"path":803,"stem":804},"JWT-аутентифікація","/csharp/aspnet/auth/jwt-authentication","01.csharp/11.aspnet/03.auth/02.jwt-authentication",{"title":806,"path":807,"stem":808},"Авторизація: ролі, політики та resource-based доступ","/csharp/aspnet/auth/authorization-policies","01.csharp/11.aspnet/03.auth/03.authorization-policies",{"title":810,"path":811,"stem":812},"Cookie-аутентифікація та ASP.NET Core Identity","/csharp/aspnet/auth/cookie-auth-identity","01.csharp/11.aspnet/03.auth/04.cookie-auth-identity",{"title":814,"path":815,"stem":816},"JWT + Refresh Tokens (HttpOnly Cookie)","/csharp/aspnet/auth/04b.identity-auth-jwt","01.csharp/11.aspnet/03.auth/04b.identity-auth-jwt",{"title":818,"path":819,"stem":820},"Identity: Підтвердження Email та Скидання Пароля","/csharp/aspnet/auth/identity-email-confirmation","01.csharp/11.aspnet/03.auth/05.identity-email-confirmation",{"title":822,"path":823,"stem":824},"Identity: Двофакторна Аутентифікація (2FA)","/csharp/aspnet/auth/identity-two-factor","01.csharp/11.aspnet/03.auth/06.identity-two-factor",{"title":826,"path":827,"stem":828},"Identity: Внутрішня Архітектура та Кастомізація","/csharp/aspnet/auth/identity-internals","01.csharp/11.aspnet/03.auth/07.identity-internals",{"title":830,"path":831,"stem":832},"OAuth 2.0 та зовнішні провайдери","/csharp/aspnet/auth/oauth-external-providers","01.csharp/11.aspnet/03.auth/08.oauth-external-providers",{"title":834,"path":835,"stem":836},"Безпека на практиці: CORS, HTTPS та захист від атак","/csharp/aspnet/auth/security-hardening","01.csharp/11.aspnet/03.auth/09.security-hardening",{"title":838,"path":839,"stem":840},"Теорія OAuth 2.0: Поняття, Аналогії та Флоу","/csharp/aspnet/auth/oauth-theory","01.csharp/11.aspnet/03.auth/10.oauth-theory",{"title":842,"path":843,"stem":844},"OIDC, OAuth 2.0 та Keycloak в ASP.NET Core","/csharp/aspnet/auth/oidc-keycloak","01.csharp/11.aspnet/03.auth/10.oidc-keycloak",{"title":846,"path":847,"stem":848},"API Keys аутентифікація в ASP.NET Core","/csharp/aspnet/auth/api-keys","01.csharp/11.aspnet/03.auth/11.api-keys",{"title":850,"path":851,"stem":852},"Rate Limiting та Throttling в ASP.NET Core","/csharp/aspnet/auth/rate-limiting","01.csharp/11.aspnet/03.auth/12.rate-limiting",{"title":854,"path":855,"stem":856},"Refresh Token Rotation в ASP.NET Core","/csharp/aspnet/auth/refresh-token-rotation","01.csharp/11.aspnet/03.auth/13.refresh-token-rotation",{"title":858,"path":859,"stem":860},"Certificate Authentication та mTLS в ASP.NET Core","/csharp/aspnet/auth/certificate-auth","01.csharp/11.aspnet/03.auth/14.certificate-auth",{"title":862,"path":863,"stem":864},"RBAC, ABAC та ReBAC в ASP.NET Core","/csharp/aspnet/auth/rbac-abac-rebac","01.csharp/11.aspnet/03.auth/15.rbac-abac-rebac",{"title":866,"path":867,"stem":868},"Multi-tenancy та ізоляція даних в ASP.NET Core","/csharp/aspnet/auth/multi-tenancy","01.csharp/11.aspnet/03.auth/16.multi-tenancy",{"title":870,"icon":871,"path":872,"stem":873,"children":874,"page":59},"Нотифікації","i-lucide-bell","/csharp/aspnet/notifications","01.csharp/11.aspnet/04.notifications",[875,879,883,887,891,895,899,903,907,911,915,919,923],{"title":876,"path":877,"stem":878},"In-App нотифікації через базу даних","/csharp/aspnet/notifications/in-app-database-notifications","01.csharp/11.aspnet/04.notifications/01.in-app-database-notifications",{"title":880,"path":881,"stem":882},"Polling: Регулярний запит оновлень","/csharp/aspnet/notifications/polling","01.csharp/11.aspnet/04.notifications/02.polling",{"title":884,"path":885,"stem":886},"Server-Sent Events: Однострімовий push від сервера","/csharp/aspnet/notifications/server-sent-events","01.csharp/11.aspnet/04.notifications/03.server-sent-events",{"title":888,"path":889,"stem":890},"WebSockets: Двостороннє з'єднання в реальному часі","/csharp/aspnet/notifications/websockets","01.csharp/11.aspnet/04.notifications/04.websockets",{"title":892,"path":893,"stem":894},"SignalR: Абстракція над транспортами реального часу","/csharp/aspnet/notifications/signalr","01.csharp/11.aspnet/04.notifications/05.signalr",{"title":896,"path":897,"stem":898},"Background Services: Фонові задачі в ASP.NET Core","/csharp/aspnet/notifications/background-services","01.csharp/11.aspnet/04.notifications/06.background-services",{"title":900,"path":901,"stem":902},"Web Push нотифікації","/csharp/aspnet/notifications/web-push","01.csharp/11.aspnet/04.notifications/07.web-push",{"title":904,"path":905,"stem":906},"Email нотифікації","/csharp/aspnet/notifications/email-notifications","01.csharp/11.aspnet/04.notifications/08.email-notifications",{"title":908,"path":909,"stem":910},"Порівняння підходів: Як вибрати правильну технологію нотифікацій","/csharp/aspnet/notifications/choosing-the-right-approach","01.csharp/11.aspnet/04.notifications/09.choosing-the-right-approach",{"title":912,"path":913,"stem":914},"Hangfire: Надійне планування фонових задач","/csharp/aspnet/notifications/hangfire","01.csharp/11.aspnet/04.notifications/10.hangfire",{"title":916,"path":917,"stem":918},"Практика: Конвертація зображень у WebP через Hangfire","/csharp/aspnet/notifications/hangfire-image-webp","01.csharp/11.aspnet/04.notifications/11.hangfire-image-webp",{"title":920,"path":921,"stem":922},"Практика: Підготовка відео до HLS-стрімінгу через Hangfire","/csharp/aspnet/notifications/hangfire-video-hls","01.csharp/11.aspnet/04.notifications/12.hangfire-video-hls",{"title":924,"path":925,"stem":926},"Telegram-нотифікації: від одного повідомлення до масових розсилок і мульти-канального підходу","/csharp/aspnet/notifications/telegram-notifications","01.csharp/11.aspnet/04.notifications/13.telegram-notifications",{"title":928,"icon":929,"path":930,"stem":931,"children":932,"page":59},"Інтернаціоналізація","i-lucide-languages","/csharp/aspnet/i18n","01.csharp/11.aspnet/05.i18n",[933,937],{"title":934,"path":935,"stem":936},"Інтернаціоналізація (i18n) у Minimal API: від A до Я","/csharp/aspnet/i18n/internationalization","01.csharp/11.aspnet/05.i18n/01.internationalization",{"title":938,"path":939,"stem":940},"Humanizer: людиномовні рядки у .NET","/csharp/aspnet/i18n/humanizer","01.csharp/11.aspnet/05.i18n/02.humanizer",{"title":942,"icon":943,"path":944,"stem":945,"children":946,"page":59},"Кешування","i-lucide-layers","/csharp/aspnet/caching","01.csharp/11.aspnet/06.caching",[947,951,955,959,963],{"title":948,"path":949,"stem":950},"Огляд кешування: чотири рівні і коли що обирати","/csharp/aspnet/caching/caching","01.csharp/11.aspnet/06.caching/01.caching",{"title":952,"path":953,"stem":954},"IMemoryCache: кеш в оперативній пам'яті","/csharp/aspnet/caching/memory-cache","01.csharp/11.aspnet/06.caching/02.memory-cache",{"title":956,"path":957,"stem":958},"IDistributedCache і Redis: розподілений кеш","/csharp/aspnet/caching/distributed-cache","01.csharp/11.aspnet/06.caching/03.distributed-cache",{"title":960,"path":961,"stem":962},"Response Cache: HTTP-кешування через Cache-Control","/csharp/aspnet/caching/response-cache","01.csharp/11.aspnet/06.caching/04.response-cache",{"title":964,"path":965,"stem":966},"Output Cache: серверний кеш HTTP-відповідей (.NET 7+)","/csharp/aspnet/caching/output-cache","01.csharp/11.aspnet/06.caching/05.output-cache",{"title":968,"icon":969,"path":970,"stem":971,"children":972,"page":59},"Тестування","i-lucide-test-tube","/csharp/aspnet/testing","01.csharp/11.aspnet/07.testing",[973,977,981,985,989,993,997,1001,1005,1009,1013,1017,1021,1025,1029,1033,1037,1041,1045,1049,1053],{"title":974,"path":975,"stem":976},"Що таке тестування? Від інтуїції до науки","/csharp/aspnet/testing/what-is-testing","01.csharp/11.aspnet/07.testing/01.what-is-testing",{"title":978,"path":979,"stem":980},"Піраміда тестування — Стратегія, а не Догма","/csharp/aspnet/testing/testing-pyramid","01.csharp/11.aspnet/07.testing/02.testing-pyramid",{"title":982,"path":983,"stem":984},"Дві Школи Тестування — Лондон проти Детройту","/csharp/aspnet/testing/testing-schools","01.csharp/11.aspnet/07.testing/03.testing-schools",{"title":986,"path":987,"stem":988},"TDD та BDD — Тести як Дизайн-інструмент","/csharp/aspnet/testing/tdd-and-bdd","01.csharp/11.aspnet/07.testing/04.tdd-and-bdd",{"title":990,"path":991,"stem":992},"Що саме тестувати — Техніки аналізу та Циклomatична складність","/csharp/aspnet/testing/what-to-test","01.csharp/11.aspnet/07.testing/05.what-to-test",{"title":994,"path":995,"stem":996},"Тестові Фреймворки — Навіщо вони і що всередині","/csharp/aspnet/testing/test-frameworks","01.csharp/11.aspnet/07.testing/06.test-frameworks",{"title":998,"path":999,"stem":1000},"xUnit — Факти, Теорії та Lifecycle тестів","/csharp/aspnet/testing/xunit-basics","01.csharp/11.aspnet/07.testing/07.xunit-basics",{"title":1002,"path":1003,"stem":1004},"xUnit Advanced — Fixtures, Кастомізація та Розширення","/csharp/aspnet/testing/xunit-advanced","01.csharp/11.aspnet/07.testing/08.xunit-advanced",{"title":1006,"path":1007,"stem":1008},"Moq — Глибоке занурення в мокування","/csharp/aspnet/testing/mocking-with-moq","01.csharp/11.aspnet/07.testing/09.mocking-with-moq",{"title":1010,"path":1011,"stem":1012},"Тестування Баз Даних — EF Core, SQLite та Testcontainers","/csharp/aspnet/testing/database-testing","01.csharp/11.aspnet/07.testing/10.database-testing",{"title":1014,"path":1015,"stem":1016},"Integration Testing — Частина 1 [Теорія та WebApplicationFactory]","/csharp/aspnet/testing/integration-testing","01.csharp/11.aspnet/07.testing/11.integration-testing",{"title":1018,"path":1019,"stem":1020},"Інтеграційне тестування — Практика","/csharp/aspnet/testing/11a.integration-testing-practice","01.csharp/11.aspnet/07.testing/11a.integration-testing-practice",{"title":1022,"path":1023,"stem":1024},"Integration Testing — Частина 2 [Просунуті Сценарії та Testcontainers]","/csharp/aspnet/testing/integration-testing-advanced","01.csharp/11.aspnet/07.testing/12.integration-testing-advanced",{"title":1026,"path":1027,"stem":1028},"Професійний Postman: Колекції, Змінні та GitHub Інтеграція","/csharp/aspnet/testing/postman-professional","01.csharp/11.aspnet/07.testing/13.postman-professional",{"title":1030,"path":1031,"stem":1032},"HttpClient у Тестах Частина 1: Архітектура та MockHttpMessageHandler","/csharp/aspnet/testing/httpclient-testing","01.csharp/11.aspnet/07.testing/14.httpclient-testing",{"title":1034,"path":1035,"stem":1036},"HttpClient у Тестах Частина 2: WireMock.Net та Resilience","/csharp/aspnet/testing/wiremock-net","01.csharp/11.aspnet/07.testing/15.wiremock-net",{"title":1038,"path":1039,"stem":1040},"Патерни та Анти-патерни Тестування: Test Smells","/csharp/aspnet/testing/testing-patterns","01.csharp/11.aspnet/07.testing/16.testing-patterns",{"title":1042,"path":1043,"stem":1044},"Просунуті інструменти: Time, Snapshots та Властивості","/csharp/aspnet/testing/advanced-testing-tools","01.csharp/11.aspnet/07.testing/17.advanced-testing-tools",{"title":1046,"path":1047,"stem":1048},"Тестування Архітектури з NetArchTest","/csharp/aspnet/testing/architecture-testing","01.csharp/11.aspnet/07.testing/18.architecture-testing",{"title":1050,"path":1051,"stem":1052},"Тестування Продуктивності: BenchmarkDotNet, NBomber та k6","/csharp/aspnet/testing/performance-testing","01.csharp/11.aspnet/07.testing/19.performance-testing",{"title":1054,"path":1055,"stem":1056},"Залишок плану для курсу \"Тестування ASP.NET Minimal API\"","/csharp/aspnet/testing/remaining_plan","01.csharp/11.aspnet/07.testing/remaining_plan",{"title":1058,"icon":1059,"path":1060,"stem":1061,"children":1062,"page":59},"Платежі","i-lucide-credit-card","/csharp/aspnet/payments","01.csharp/11.aspnet/08.payments",[1063,1067,1071,1075,1079,1083,1087,1091,1095,1099,1103,1107],{"title":1064,"path":1065,"stem":1066},"Основи платіжної інфраструктури","/csharp/aspnet/payments/payment-fundamentals","01.csharp/11.aspnet/08.payments/01.payment-fundamentals",{"title":1068,"path":1069,"stem":1070},"Методи оплати в Україні","/csharp/aspnet/payments/payment-methods-ukraine","01.csharp/11.aspnet/08.payments/02.payment-methods-ukraine",{"title":1072,"path":1073,"stem":1074},"PCI DSS та безпека платежів","/csharp/aspnet/payments/pci-dss-security","01.csharp/11.aspnet/08.payments/03.pci-dss-security",{"title":1076,"path":1077,"stem":1078},"Архітектура платіжної підсистеми","/csharp/aspnet/payments/payment-architecture","01.csharp/11.aspnet/08.payments/04.payment-architecture",{"title":1080,"path":1081,"stem":1082},"Інтеграція LiqPay (ПриватБанк)","/csharp/aspnet/payments/liqpay-integration","01.csharp/11.aspnet/08.payments/05.liqpay-integration",{"title":1084,"path":1085,"stem":1086},"Інтеграція Monobank Acquiring API","/csharp/aspnet/payments/monobank-acquiring","01.csharp/11.aspnet/08.payments/06.monobank-acquiring",{"title":1088,"path":1089,"stem":1090},"Інтеграція Stripe","/csharp/aspnet/payments/stripe-integration","01.csharp/11.aspnet/08.payments/07.stripe-integration",{"title":1092,"path":1093,"stem":1094},"Webhooks — глибоке занурення","/csharp/aspnet/payments/webhooks-deep-dive","01.csharp/11.aspnet/08.payments/08.webhooks-deep-dive",{"title":1096,"path":1097,"stem":1098},"Підписки та рекурентні платежі","/csharp/aspnet/payments/subscriptions-recurring","01.csharp/11.aspnet/08.payments/09.subscriptions-recurring",{"title":1100,"path":1101,"stem":1102},"Повернення коштів та диспути","/csharp/aspnet/payments/refunds-disputes","01.csharp/11.aspnet/08.payments/10.refunds-disputes",{"title":1104,"path":1105,"stem":1106},"Тестування платіжних інтеграцій","/csharp/aspnet/payments/testing-payments","01.csharp/11.aspnet/08.payments/11.testing-payments",{"title":1108,"path":1109,"stem":1110},"Чекліст виходу в Production","/csharp/aspnet/payments/production-checklist","01.csharp/11.aspnet/08.payments/12.production-checklist",{"title":1112,"icon":1113,"items":1114,"path":1127,"stem":1128,"children":1129,"page":59},"Популярні бібліотеки","lucide:box",[1115,1116,1117,1118,1119,1120,1121,1122,1123,1124,1125,1126],"01.fluent-validation","02.mapster","03.erroror-result-pattern","04.serilog","05.mediatr","06.polly","07.health-checks","08.feature-management","09.fluent-email","10.quest-pdf","11.bogus","12.humanizer-guard","/csharp/aspnet/libraries","01.csharp/11.aspnet/09.libraries",[1130,1134,1138,1142,1146,1150,1154,1158,1162,1166,1170,1174,1178],{"title":1131,"path":1132,"stem":1133},"Валідація з FluentValidation в ASP.NET Core","/csharp/aspnet/libraries/fluent-validation","01.csharp/11.aspnet/09.libraries/01.fluent-validation",{"title":1135,"path":1136,"stem":1137},"Маппінг об","/csharp/aspnet/libraries/mapster","01.csharp/11.aspnet/09.libraries/02.mapster",{"title":1139,"path":1140,"stem":1141},"Обробка помилок з ErrorOr та Result Pattern в ASP.NET Core","/csharp/aspnet/libraries/erroror-result-pattern","01.csharp/11.aspnet/09.libraries/03.erroror-result-pattern",{"title":1143,"path":1144,"stem":1145},"Структуроване логування з Serilog в ASP.NET Core","/csharp/aspnet/libraries/serilog","01.csharp/11.aspnet/09.libraries/04.serilog",{"title":1147,"path":1148,"stem":1149},"CQRS та Mediator з MediatR в ASP.NET Core","/csharp/aspnet/libraries/mediatr","01.csharp/11.aspnet/09.libraries/05.mediatr",{"title":1151,"path":1152,"stem":1153},"Відмовостійкість з Polly в ASP.NET Core","/csharp/aspnet/libraries/polly","01.csharp/11.aspnet/09.libraries/06.polly",{"title":1155,"path":1156,"stem":1157},"Health Checks в ASP.NET Core","/csharp/aspnet/libraries/health-checks","01.csharp/11.aspnet/09.libraries/07.health-checks",{"title":1159,"path":1160,"stem":1161},"Feature Management та Feature Flags в ASP.NET Core","/csharp/aspnet/libraries/feature-management","01.csharp/11.aspnet/09.libraries/08.feature-management",{"title":1163,"path":1164,"stem":1165},"Відправка Email з FluentEmail в ASP.NET Core","/csharp/aspnet/libraries/fluent-email","01.csharp/11.aspnet/09.libraries/09.fluent-email",{"title":1167,"path":1168,"stem":1169},"Генерація PDF з QuestPDF в ASP.NET Core","/csharp/aspnet/libraries/quest-pdf","01.csharp/11.aspnet/09.libraries/10.quest-pdf",{"title":1171,"path":1172,"stem":1173},"Генерація тестових даних з Bogus в ASP.NET Core","/csharp/aspnet/libraries/bogus","01.csharp/11.aspnet/09.libraries/11.bogus",{"title":1175,"path":1176,"stem":1177},"Humanizer та Guard Clauses в ASP.NET Core","/csharp/aspnet/libraries/humanizer-guard","01.csharp/11.aspnet/09.libraries/12.humanizer-guard",{"title":1179,"path":1180,"stem":1181},"План модуля 10.libraries — Популярні бібліотеки ASP.NET","/csharp/aspnet/libraries/plan","01.csharp/11.aspnet/09.libraries/plan",{"title":1183,"icon":1184,"path":1185,"stem":1186,"children":1187,"page":59},"Razor Pages","i-lucide-layout-template","/csharp/aspnet/razor-pages","01.csharp/11.aspnet/10.razor-pages",[1188,1192,1196,1200,1204,1208],{"title":1189,"path":1190,"stem":1191},"Від Minimal API до Razor Pages: концептуальний перехід","/csharp/aspnet/razor-pages/from-minimal-api","01.csharp/11.aspnet/10.razor-pages/01.from-minimal-api",{"title":1193,"path":1194,"stem":1195},"PageModel: логіка сторінки Razor Pages","/csharp/aspnet/razor-pages/page-model","01.csharp/11.aspnet/10.razor-pages/02.page-model",{"title":1197,"path":1198,"stem":1199},"Razor синтаксис: шаблонізатор у .cshtml","/csharp/aspnet/razor-pages/razor-syntax","01.csharp/11.aspnet/10.razor-pages/03.razor-syntax",{"title":1201,"path":1202,"stem":1203},"Tag Helpers: типізований HTML","/csharp/aspnet/razor-pages/tag-helpers","01.csharp/11.aspnet/10.razor-pages/04.tag-helpers",{"title":1205,"path":1206,"stem":1207},"Форми і валідація: повний цикл обробки даних","/csharp/aspnet/razor-pages/forms-validation","01.csharp/11.aspnet/10.razor-pages/05.forms-validation",{"title":1209,"path":1210,"stem":1211},"Практичний проєкт: TaskManager на Razor Pages","/csharp/aspnet/razor-pages/project-task-manager","01.csharp/11.aspnet/10.razor-pages/06.project-task-manager",{"title":1213,"path":1214,"stem":1215,"children":1216,"page":59},"ASP.NET Core MVC","/csharp/aspnet/mvc","01.csharp/11.aspnet/11.mvc",[1217,1221,1225,1229,1233,1237,1241,1245,1249,1253,1257,1261,1265,1269,1273,1277,1281,1285],{"title":1218,"path":1219,"stem":1220},"Патерн MVC: архітектура, що змінила веб","/csharp/aspnet/mvc/mvc-pattern","01.csharp/11.aspnet/11.mvc/01.mvc-pattern",{"title":1222,"path":1223,"stem":1224},"Від Razor Pages до MVC: концептуальний перехід","/csharp/aspnet/mvc/from-razor-pages","01.csharp/11.aspnet/11.mvc/02.from-razor-pages",{"title":1226,"path":1227,"stem":1228},"Controllers та Actions: серце MVC","/csharp/aspnet/mvc/controllers-actions","01.csharp/11.aspnet/11.mvc/03.controllers-actions",{"title":1230,"path":1231,"stem":1232},"Маршрутизація в MVC: Convention vs Attribute Routing","/csharp/aspnet/mvc/routing-mvc","01.csharp/11.aspnet/11.mvc/04.routing-mvc",{"title":1234,"path":1235,"stem":1236},"Model Binding: від HTTP до C#","/csharp/aspnet/mvc/model-binding","01.csharp/11.aspnet/11.mvc/05.model-binding",{"title":1238,"path":1239,"stem":1240},"Views, ViewData, ViewBag, TempData і ViewModel","/csharp/aspnet/mvc/views-viewdata-tempdata","01.csharp/11.aspnet/11.mvc/06.views-viewdata-tempdata",{"title":1242,"path":1243,"stem":1244},"Filters: аспектно-орієнтоване програмування в MVC","/csharp/aspnet/mvc/filters","01.csharp/11.aspnet/11.mvc/07.filters",{"title":1246,"path":1247,"stem":1248},"Areas: структурування великих застосунків","/csharp/aspnet/mvc/areas","01.csharp/11.aspnet/11.mvc/08.areas",{"title":1250,"path":1251,"stem":1252},"View Components: повторювані незалежні блоки UI","/csharp/aspnet/mvc/view-components","01.csharp/11.aspnet/11.mvc/09.view-components",{"title":1254,"path":1255,"stem":1256},"Display та Editor Templates","/csharp/aspnet/mvc/display-editor-templates","01.csharp/11.aspnet/11.mvc/10.display-editor-templates",{"title":1258,"path":1259,"stem":1260},"Валідація: IValidatableObject та FluentValidation","/csharp/aspnet/mvc/validation-advanced","01.csharp/11.aspnet/11.mvc/11.validation-advanced",{"title":1262,"path":1263,"stem":1264},"HTMX: інтерактивність через HTML-атрибути","/csharp/aspnet/mvc/htmx","01.csharp/11.aspnet/11.mvc/12.htmx",{"title":1266,"path":1267,"stem":1268},"HTMX у ASP.NET Core MVC: серверна інтеграція","/csharp/aspnet/mvc/ajax-htmx-mvc","01.csharp/11.aspnet/11.mvc/13.ajax-htmx-mvc",{"title":1270,"path":1271,"stem":1272},"Практичний проєкт: Каталог товарів з HTMX","/csharp/aspnet/mvc/htmx-project","01.csharp/11.aspnet/11.mvc/14.htmx-project",{"title":1274,"path":1275,"stem":1276},"Завантаження та обробка файлів","/csharp/aspnet/mvc/file-upload","01.csharp/11.aspnet/11.mvc/15.file-upload",{"title":1278,"path":1279,"stem":1280},"Глобалізація та Локалізація MVC","/csharp/aspnet/mvc/globalization-localization","01.csharp/11.aspnet/11.mvc/16.globalization-localization",{"title":1282,"path":1283,"stem":1284},"Підсумковий проєкт: Блог-платформа","/csharp/aspnet/mvc/mvc-project","01.csharp/11.aspnet/11.mvc/17.mvc-project",{"title":1286,"path":1287,"stem":1288},"План курсу: ASP.NET Core MVC","/csharp/aspnet/mvc/plan","01.csharp/11.aspnet/11.mvc/plan",{"title":1290,"path":1291,"stem":1292,"children":1293,"page":59},"Web Api","/csharp/aspnet/web-api","01.csharp/11.aspnet/12.web-api",[1294,1298,1302,1306,1310,1314,1318,1322,1326,1330,1334,1338,1342],{"title":1295,"path":1296,"stem":1297},"Від Minimal API до Controller-based API","/csharp/aspnet/web-api/from-minimal-api-to-controllers","01.csharp/11.aspnet/12.web-api/01.from-minimal-api-to-controllers",{"title":1299,"path":1300,"stem":1301},"ControllerBase, ActionResult\u003CT> та Response Types","/csharp/aspnet/web-api/controller-base-actionresult","01.csharp/11.aspnet/12.web-api/02.controller-base-actionresult",{"title":1303,"path":1304,"stem":1305},"Content Negotiation - JSON, XML та власні форматери","/csharp/aspnet/web-api/content-negotiation","01.csharp/11.aspnet/12.web-api/03.content-negotiation",{"title":1307,"path":1308,"stem":1309},"Версіонування API","/csharp/aspnet/web-api/api-versioning","01.csharp/11.aspnet/12.web-api/04.api-versioning",{"title":1311,"path":1312,"stem":1313},"ProblemDetails та структурована обробка помилок","/csharp/aspnet/web-api/problemdetails-error-handling","01.csharp/11.aspnet/12.web-api/05.problemdetails-error-handling",{"title":1315,"path":1316,"stem":1317},"Фільтри у Web API контексті","/csharp/aspnet/web-api/filters-for-api","01.csharp/11.aspnet/12.web-api/06.filters-for-api",{"title":1319,"path":1320,"stem":1321},"Пагінація, фільтрація та сортування","/csharp/aspnet/web-api/pagination-filtering-sorting","01.csharp/11.aspnet/12.web-api/07.pagination-filtering-sorting",{"title":1323,"path":1324,"stem":1325},"HATEOAS та Resource Expansion","/csharp/aspnet/web-api/hateoas-resource-expansion","01.csharp/11.aspnet/12.web-api/08.hateoas-resource-expansion",{"title":1327,"path":1328,"stem":1329},"Гібридна архітектура - Minimal API + Controllers","/csharp/aspnet/web-api/minimal-api-vs-controllers-hybrid","01.csharp/11.aspnet/12.web-api/09.minimal-api-vs-controllers-hybrid",{"title":1331,"path":1332,"stem":1333},"Документація API - Swashbuckle, NSwag та генерація клієнтів","/csharp/aspnet/web-api/api-documentation-generation","01.csharp/11.aspnet/12.web-api/10.api-documentation-generation",{"title":1335,"path":1336,"stem":1337},"Health Checks та моніторинг API","/csharp/aspnet/web-api/health-checks-monitoring","01.csharp/11.aspnet/12.web-api/11.health-checks-monitoring",{"title":1339,"path":1340,"stem":1341},"Підсумковий проєкт - Production-Ready REST API","/csharp/aspnet/web-api/web-api-project","01.csharp/11.aspnet/12.web-api/12.web-api-project",{"title":1343,"path":1344,"stem":1345},"План курсу: ASP.NET Core Web API (Controllers)","/csharp/aspnet/web-api/plan","01.csharp/11.aspnet/12.web-api/plan",{"title":1347,"icon":1348,"path":1349,"stem":1350,"children":1351,"page":59},"Desktop UI","i-lucide-app-window","/csharp/desktop-ui","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui",[1352,1356,1360,1364,1368,1372,1376,1380,1384,1388,1392,1396,1400,1404,1408,1412,1416,1420,1424,1428,1432,1436,1440,1444,1448,1452,1456,1460,1464,1468,1472,1476,1480,1484,1488,1492,1496,1500,1504,1508,1512,1516,1520,1524,1528,1532,1536,1540,1544,1548,1552,1556,1560,1564,1568,1572,1576,1580,1584,1588,1592,1596,1600,1604,1608,1612,1616,1620,1624,1628,1632],{"title":1353,"path":1354,"stem":1355},"Що таке десктопна розробка?","/csharp/desktop-ui/what-is-desktop-dev","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/01.what-is-desktop-dev",{"title":1357,"path":1358,"stem":1359},"Архітектура WPF — як влаштований графічний інтерфейс","/csharp/desktop-ui/wpf-architecture","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/02.wpf-architecture",{"title":1361,"path":1362,"stem":1363},"Перший WPF-проєкт — від нуля до вікна","/csharp/desktop-ui/first-wpf-app","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/03.first-wpf-app",{"title":1365,"path":1366,"stem":1367},"Перший Avalonia-проєкт: WPF для всіх платформ","/csharp/desktop-ui/03a.first-avalonia-app","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/03a.first-avalonia-app",{"title":1369,"path":1370,"stem":1371},"XAML: декларативний інтерфейс","/csharp/desktop-ui/xaml-basics","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/04.xaml-basics",{"title":1373,"path":1374,"stem":1375},"Fluent UI у WPF — сучасний дизайн Windows 11","/csharp/desktop-ui/04a.wpf-fluent-ui","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/04a.wpf-fluent-ui",{"title":1377,"path":1378,"stem":1379},"WPF UI — сучасна бібліотека Fluent контролів","/csharp/desktop-ui/04b.wpf-ui-library","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/04b.wpf-ui-library",{"title":1381,"path":1382,"stem":1383},"HandyControl — велика бібліотека UI контролів для WPF","/csharp/desktop-ui/04c.handycontrol-library","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/04c.handycontrol-library",{"title":1385,"path":1386,"stem":1387},"Простори імен та ресурси XAML","/csharp/desktop-ui/xaml-namespaces-resources","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/05.xaml-namespaces-resources",{"title":1389,"path":1390,"stem":1391},"XAML в Avalonia: ключові відмінності від WPF","/csharp/desktop-ui/05a.avalonia-xaml-differences","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/05a.avalonia-xaml-differences",{"title":1393,"path":1394,"stem":1395},"Розширення розмітки XAML (Markup Extensions)","/csharp/desktop-ui/xaml-markup-extensions","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/06.xaml-markup-extensions",{"title":1397,"path":1398,"stem":1399},"Панелі Layout: StackPanel, WrapPanel, DockPanel","/csharp/desktop-ui/layout-panels-part1","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/07.layout-panels-part1",{"title":1401,"path":1402,"stem":1403},"Grid, Canvas, UniformGrid","/csharp/desktop-ui/layout-panels-part2","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/07.layout-panels-part2",{"title":1405,"path":1406,"stem":1407},"Просунуті техніки Layout","/csharp/desktop-ui/layout-advanced","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/08.layout-advanced",{"title":1409,"path":1410,"stem":1411},"Адаптивний Layout та найкращі практики","/csharp/desktop-ui/layout-responsive","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/09.layout-responsive",{"title":1413,"path":1414,"stem":1415},"Layout в Avalonia: відмінності та нові можливості","/csharp/desktop-ui/09a.layout-avalonia","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/09a.layout-avalonia",{"title":1417,"path":1418,"stem":1419},"Button, Image, ProgressBar та інші базові контроли","/csharp/desktop-ui/basic-controls","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/10.basic-controls",{"title":1421,"path":1422,"stem":1423},"Контроли в Avalonia: відмінності від WPF","/csharp/desktop-ui/10a.controls-avalonia","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/10a.controls-avalonia",{"title":1425,"path":1426,"stem":1427},"Текстові контроли — TextBlock, TextBox, RichTextBox","/csharp/desktop-ui/text-controls","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/11.text-controls",{"title":1429,"path":1430,"stem":1431},"Контроли вибору — CheckBox, RadioButton, ComboBox, ListBox, DatePicker","/csharp/desktop-ui/selection-controls","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/12.selection-controls",{"title":1433,"path":1434,"stem":1435},"Content Model — GroupBox, Expander, TabControl, StatusBar","/csharp/desktop-ui/content-controls","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/13.content-controls",{"title":1437,"path":1438,"stem":1439},"UI/UX принципи десктопних застосунків","/csharp/desktop-ui/13a.ui-ux-principles","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/13a.ui-ux-principles",{"title":1441,"path":1442,"stem":1443},"Dependency Properties — Концепція та Value Resolution","/csharp/desktop-ui/dependency-properties-part1","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/14.dependency-properties-part1",{"title":1445,"path":1446,"stem":1447},"Avalonia Property System — StyledProperty та DirectProperty","/csharp/desktop-ui/14a.avalonia-property-system","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/14a.avalonia-property-system",{"title":1449,"path":1450,"stem":1451},"Attached Properties — Властивості без меж","/csharp/desktop-ui/attached-properties","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/15.attached-properties",{"title":1453,"path":1454,"stem":1455},"Routed Events — Маршрутизація подій у WPF","/csharp/desktop-ui/routed-events","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/16.routed-events",{"title":1457,"path":1458,"stem":1459},"Data Binding — Від Code-Behind до Декларативності","/csharp/desktop-ui/data-binding-basics-part1","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/17.data-binding-basics-part1",{"title":1461,"path":1462,"stem":1463},"INotifyPropertyChanged — Живе оновлення UI","/csharp/desktop-ui/data-binding-basics-part2","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/17.data-binding-basics-part2",{"title":1465,"path":1466,"stem":1467},"Compiled Bindings в Avalonia — Безпека на етапі компіляції","/csharp/desktop-ui/17a.avalonia-compiled-bindings","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/17a.avalonia-compiled-bindings",{"title":1469,"path":1470,"stem":1471},"Просунутий Data Binding — ElementName, RelativeSource, MultiBinding","/csharp/desktop-ui/data-binding-advanced","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/18.data-binding-advanced",{"title":1473,"path":1474,"stem":1475},"Value Converters — Перетворення типів даних у Data Binding","/csharp/desktop-ui/value-converters","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/19.value-converters",{"title":1477,"path":1478,"stem":1479},"Data Templates — Візуалізація об'єктів у WPF","/csharp/desktop-ui/data-templates","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/20.data-templates",{"title":1481,"path":1482,"stem":1483},"Collections Binding Part 1 — ObservableCollection та ItemsControl","/csharp/desktop-ui/collections-binding-part1","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/21.collections-binding-part1",{"title":1485,"path":1486,"stem":1487},"Collections Binding Part 2 — ICollectionView, Filtering, Sorting та Virtualization","/csharp/desktop-ui/collections-binding-part2","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/21.collections-binding-part2",{"title":1489,"path":1490,"stem":1491},"MVVM Pattern — Від Spaghetti Code до архітектури","/csharp/desktop-ui/mvvm-pattern","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/22.mvvm-pattern",{"title":1493,"path":1494,"stem":1495},"ViewModel Implementation — Від BaseViewModel до валідації","/csharp/desktop-ui/viewmodel-implementation","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/23.viewmodel-implementation",{"title":1497,"path":1498,"stem":1499},"Commands — Від event handlers до декларативних команд","/csharp/desktop-ui/commands","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/24.commands",{"title":1501,"path":1502,"stem":1503},"MVVM Toolkit — MVVM без boilerplate через Source Generators","/csharp/desktop-ui/mvvm-toolkit","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/25.mvvm-toolkit",{"title":1505,"path":1506,"stem":1507},"Messenger Pattern — Комунікація між ViewModel без прямих посилань","/csharp/desktop-ui/messenger-pattern","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/26.messenger-pattern",{"title":1509,"path":1510,"stem":1511},"Стилі WPF — CSS для десктопу","/csharp/desktop-ui/styles-basics","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/27.styles-basics",{"title":1513,"path":1514,"stem":1515},"CSS-like стилі Avalonia","/csharp/desktop-ui/27a.avalonia-css-styling","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/27a.avalonia-css-styling",{"title":1517,"path":1518,"stem":1519},"Control Templates — Частина 1. Концепція та TemplateBinding","/csharp/desktop-ui/control-templates-part1","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/28.control-templates-part1",{"title":1521,"path":1522,"stem":1523},"Control Templates — Частина 2. Named Parts та ContentPresenter","/csharp/desktop-ui/control-templates-part2","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/28.control-templates-part2",{"title":1525,"path":1526,"stem":1527},"Control Themes в Avalonia — нова ера стилізації","/csharp/desktop-ui/28a.avalonia-control-themes","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/28a.avalonia-control-themes",{"title":1529,"path":1530,"stem":1531},"Triggers та Visual State Manager у WPF","/csharp/desktop-ui/triggers-visual-states","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/29.triggers-visual-states",{"title":1533,"path":1534,"stem":1535},"Pseudo-classes в Avalonia — замість WPF Triggers","/csharp/desktop-ui/29a.avalonia-pseudo-classes","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/29a.avalonia-pseudo-classes",{"title":1537,"path":1538,"stem":1539},"Теми та ресурсні словники у WPF","/csharp/desktop-ui/resources-themes","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/30.resources-themes",{"title":1541,"path":1542,"stem":1543},"Avalonia Themes — Fluent Design та система тематизації","/csharp/desktop-ui/30a.avalonia-themes-fluent","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/30a.avalonia-themes-fluent",{"title":1545,"path":1546,"stem":1547},"Контроли колекцій — глибоке занурення","/csharp/desktop-ui/collection-controls","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/31.collection-controls",{"title":1549,"path":1550,"stem":1551},"DataGrid — колонки та базове відображення","/csharp/desktop-ui/datagrid-part1","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/32.datagrid-part1",{"title":1553,"path":1554,"stem":1555},"DataGrid — сортування, фільтрація, редагування","/csharp/desktop-ui/datagrid-part2","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/32.datagrid-part2",{"title":1557,"path":1558,"stem":1559},"TreeView та GridView","/csharp/desktop-ui/treeview-listview","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/33.treeview-listview",{"title":1561,"path":1562,"stem":1563},"Меню, Toolbar, ContextMenu, StatusBar","/csharp/desktop-ui/menus-toolbars","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/34.menus-toolbars",{"title":1565,"path":1566,"stem":1567},"Навігація та керування вікнами. Частина 1: вікна та сторінки","/csharp/desktop-ui/navigation-windows-part1","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/35.navigation-windows-part1",{"title":1569,"path":1570,"stem":1571},"Навігація та керування вікнами. Частина 2: MVVM-навігація","/csharp/desktop-ui/navigation-windows-part2","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/35.navigation-windows-part2",{"title":1573,"path":1574,"stem":1575},"Avalonia — Навігація та діалоги","/csharp/desktop-ui/35a.avalonia-navigation-dialogs","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/35a.avalonia-navigation-dialogs",{"title":1577,"path":1578,"stem":1579},"Діалоги та File Pickers у WPF","/csharp/desktop-ui/dialogs-file-pickers","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/36.dialogs-file-pickers",{"title":1581,"path":1582,"stem":1583},"UserControl: компонентний підхід у WPF","/csharp/desktop-ui/user-controls","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/37.user-controls",{"title":1585,"path":1586,"stem":1587},"Custom Controls: Lookless Controls у WPF","/csharp/desktop-ui/custom-controls","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/38.custom-controls",{"title":1589,"path":1590,"stem":1591},"Avalonia TemplatedControl — Lookless Controls","/csharp/desktop-ui/38a.avalonia-templated-controls","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/38a.avalonia-templated-controls",{"title":1593,"path":1594,"stem":1595},"Анімації у WPF: Storyboard та Easing Functions","/csharp/desktop-ui/animations-transitions","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/39.animations-transitions",{"title":1597,"path":1598,"stem":1599},"Анімації в Avalonia","/csharp/desktop-ui/39a.avalonia-animations","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/39a.avalonia-animations",{"title":1601,"path":1602,"stem":1603},"2D Графіка та Мультимедіа у WPF","/csharp/desktop-ui/media-graphics","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/40.media-graphics",{"title":1605,"path":1606,"stem":1607},"Dependency Injection у WPF та Avalonia","/csharp/desktop-ui/di-integration","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/41.di-integration",{"title":1609,"path":1610,"stem":1611},"SQLite та EF Core у десктопних додатках","/csharp/desktop-ui/data-persistence-part1","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/42.data-persistence-part1",{"title":1613,"path":1614,"stem":1615},"Repository Pattern та Unit of Work","/csharp/desktop-ui/data-persistence-part2","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/43.data-persistence-part2",{"title":1617,"path":1618,"stem":1619},"Тестування ViewModels","/csharp/desktop-ui/viewmodel-testing","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/44.viewmodel-testing",{"title":1621,"path":1622,"stem":1623},"Avalonia Headless Testing — тестування UI без вікон","/csharp/desktop-ui/44a.avalonia-headless-testing","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/44a.avalonia-headless-testing",{"title":1625,"path":1626,"stem":1627},"Кросплатформна розробка з Avalonia","/csharp/desktop-ui/avalonia-cross-platform","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/45.avalonia-cross-platform",{"title":1629,"path":1630,"stem":1631},"Пакування та розгортання Avalonia додатків","/csharp/desktop-ui/avalonia-packaging-deployment","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/46.avalonia-packaging-deployment",{"title":1633,"path":1634,"stem":1635},"Розгортання WPF застосунків","/csharp/desktop-ui/wpf-packaging-deployment","01.csharp/12.desktop-ui/47.wpf-packaging-deployment",{"title":1637,"path":1638,"stem":1639},"C# & .NET: The Ultimate Roadmap","/csharp/roadmap","01.csharp/roadmap",{"title":1641,"icon":1642,"path":1643,"stem":1644,"children":1645,"page":59},"C++","i-devicon-cplusplus","/cpp","02.cpp",[1646,1650,1654,1658,1662,1666,1670,1674,1678,1681,1685,1689,1693,1697,1701,1705,1709,1713,1717,1721,1725,1729,1733,1737,1741,1745,1749,1753,1757,1761],{"title":1647,"path":1648,"stem":1649},"Вступ у програмування та алгоритми","/cpp/intro-algorithms","02.cpp/01.intro-algorithms",{"title":1651,"path":1652,"stem":1653},"Code Style: угоди про оформлення коду","/cpp/code-style","02.cpp/02.code-style",{"title":1655,"path":1656,"stem":1657},"Середовище розробки та перший 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типу void","/cpp/void-pointers","02.cpp/20.void-pointers",{"title":1726,"path":1727,"stem":1728},"Вказівники на вказівники","/cpp/pointers-to-pointers","02.cpp/21.pointers-to-pointers",{"title":1730,"path":1731,"stem":1732},"Оператор доступу до членів через вказівник (->)","/cpp/member-access-operator","02.cpp/22.member-access-operator",{"title":1734,"path":1735,"stem":1736},"Цикл for-each (Range-based for)","/cpp/foreach-loop","02.cpp/23.foreach-loop",{"title":1738,"path":1739,"stem":1740},"Вказівники на функції","/cpp/function-pointers","02.cpp/24.function-pointers",{"title":1742,"path":1743,"stem":1744},"Лямбда-вирази","/cpp/lambdas","02.cpp/25.lambdas",{"title":1746,"path":1747,"stem":1748},"Лямбда-захоплення","/cpp/lambda-captures","02.cpp/26.lambda-captures",{"title":1750,"path":1751,"stem":1752},"Еліпсис","/cpp/ellipsis","02.cpp/27.ellipsis",{"title":1754,"path":1755,"stem":1756},"Аргументи командного рядка","/cpp/command-line-arguments","02.cpp/28.command-line-arguments",{"title":1758,"path":1759,"stem":1760},"Перерахування (enum)","/cpp/enum","02.cpp/29.enum",{"title":1762,"path":1763,"stem":1764},"План навчання: Курс C++ — Продовження (Статті 29–60+)","/cpp/curriculum-plan","02.cpp/curriculum-plan",{"title":1766,"icon":1767,"path":1768,"stem":1769,"children":1770,"page":59},"JavaScript","i-devicon-javascript","/javascript","03.javascript",[1771,1797,1851,1873,2177,2215],{"title":1772,"icon":1773,"path":1774,"stem":1775,"children":1776,"page":59},"Events","i-lucide-mouse-pointer-click","/javascript/events","03.javascript/01.events",[1777,1781,1785,1789,1793],{"title":1778,"path":1779,"stem":1780},"Вступ до подій браузера","/javascript/events/intro","03.javascript/01.events/01.intro",{"title":1782,"path":1783,"stem":1784},"Бульбашковий механізм (Bubbling) та занурення (Capturing)","/javascript/events/bubbling-capturing","03.javascript/01.events/02.bubbling-capturing",{"title":1786,"path":1787,"stem":1788},"Делегування подій (Event Delegation)","/javascript/events/delegate-events","03.javascript/01.events/03.delegate-events",{"title":1790,"path":1791,"stem":1792},"Типові дії браузера та preventDefault()","/javascript/events/prevent-default","03.javascript/01.events/04.prevent-default",{"title":1794,"path":1795,"stem":1796},"Запуск користувацьких подій (Custom Events)","/javascript/events/custom-events","03.javascript/01.events/05.custom-events",{"title":1798,"icon":1799,"path":1800,"stem":1801,"children":1802,"page":59},"Network","i-lucide-globe","/javascript/network","03.javascript/02.network",[1803,1807,1811,1815,1819,1823,1827,1831,1835,1839,1843,1847],{"title":1804,"path":1805,"stem":1806},"Fetch API - Сучасний підхід до HTTP-запитів","/javascript/network/01-fetch-api","03.javascript/02.network/01-fetch-api",{"title":1808,"path":1809,"stem":1810},"FormData - Робота з формами та файлами","/javascript/network/02-formdata","03.javascript/02.network/02-formdata",{"title":1812,"path":1813,"stem":1814},"Відстеження прогресу завантаження","/javascript/network/03-download-progress","03.javascript/02.network/03-download-progress",{"title":1816,"path":1817,"stem":1818},"Переривання fetch-запитів","/javascript/network/04-abort-requests","03.javascript/02.network/04-abort-requests",{"title":1820,"path":1821,"stem":1822},"CORS - Запити між різними джерелами","/javascript/network/05-cors","03.javascript/02.network/05-cors",{"title":1824,"path":1825,"stem":1826},"Fetch API - Повний довідник опцій","/javascript/network/06-fetch-options","03.javascript/02.network/06-fetch-options",{"title":1828,"path":1829,"stem":1830},"URL Objects - Робота з посиланнями","/javascript/network/07-url-objects","03.javascript/02.network/07-url-objects",{"title":1832,"path":1833,"stem":1834},"XMLHttpRequest - AJAX та низькорівневі запити","/javascript/network/08-xmlhttprequest","03.javascript/02.network/08-xmlhttprequest",{"title":1836,"path":1837,"stem":1838},"Відновлюване завантаження файлів","/javascript/network/09-resumable-upload","03.javascript/02.network/09-resumable-upload",{"title":1840,"path":1841,"stem":1842},"Cookies, document.cookie та світ після \"Cookiepocalypse\"","/javascript/network/10-cookies","03.javascript/02.network/10-cookies",{"title":1844,"path":1845,"stem":1846},"js-cookie: Керування Cookies без Болю","/javascript/network/11-js-cookie","03.javascript/02.network/11-js-cookie",{"title":1848,"path":1849,"stem":1850},"Axios: Потужний HTTP-клієнт для JavaScript","/javascript/network/12-axios","03.javascript/02.network/12-axios",{"title":1852,"icon":1853,"path":1854,"stem":1855,"children":1856,"page":59},"Bom","i-lucide-monitor","/javascript/bom","03.javascript/03.bom",[1857,1861,1865,1869],{"title":1858,"path":1859,"stem":1860},"LocalStorage, SessionStorage та patterns збереження даних","/javascript/bom/01-localstorage","03.javascript/03.bom/01-localstorage",{"title":1862,"path":1863,"stem":1864},"Location Object - Керування адресою сторінки","/javascript/bom/02-location-object","03.javascript/03.bom/02-location-object",{"title":1866,"path":1867,"stem":1868},"History API - Керування історією браузера","/javascript/bom/03-history-api","03.javascript/03.bom/03-history-api",{"title":1870,"path":1871,"stem":1872},"Navigator Object - Ідентифікація та Можливості Пристрою","/javascript/bom/04-navigator-object","03.javascript/03.bom/04-navigator-object",{"title":1874,"icon":1875,"path":1876,"stem":1877,"children":1878},"React","i-devicon-react","/javascript/react","03.javascript/04.react/index",[1879,1880,1884,1888,1892,1896,1959,1994,2146],{"title":1874,"path":1876,"stem":1877},{"title":1881,"path":1882,"stem":1883},"Робота з Формами в React","/javascript/react/react-forms","03.javascript/04.react/01.react-forms",{"title":1885,"path":1886,"stem":1887},"React Hook Form: Професійна Робота з Формами","/javascript/react/react-hook-form","03.javascript/04.react/02.react-hook-form",{"title":1889,"path":1890,"stem":1891},"React Hook Form: Глибоке Розуміння Архітектури та Оптимізації","/javascript/react/react-hook-form-new","03.javascript/04.react/02.react-hook-form-new",{"title":1893,"path":1894,"stem":1895},"Axios та React: Професійна Архітектура Запитів","/javascript/react/data-fetching-axios","03.javascript/04.react/03.data-fetching-axios",{"title":1897,"icon":132,"path":1898,"stem":1899,"children":1900},"Tanstack Query","/javascript/react/tanstack-query","03.javascript/04.react/04.tanstack-query/index",[1901,1903,1907,1911,1915,1919,1923,1927,1931,1935,1939,1943,1947,1951,1955],{"title":1902,"path":1898,"stem":1899},"TanStack Query: Майстерність Керування Станом Сервера",{"title":1904,"path":1905,"stem":1906},"Парадигма Server State: Чому useEffect недостатньо","/javascript/react/tanstack-query/server-state-paradigm","03.javascript/04.react/04.tanstack-query/01.server-state-paradigm",{"title":1908,"path":1909,"stem":1910},"Встановлення та Налаштування: Фундамент","/javascript/react/tanstack-query/installation-and-devtools","03.javascript/04.react/04.tanstack-query/02.installation-and-devtools",{"title":1912,"path":1913,"stem":1914},"Основи Запитів та Магія Ключів","/javascript/react/tanstack-query/query-basics-and-keys","03.javascript/04.react/04.tanstack-query/03.query-basics-and-keys",{"title":1916,"path":1917,"stem":1918},"Синхронізація Даних: Життєвий Цикл Запиту","/javascript/react/tanstack-query/data-synchronization","03.javascript/04.react/04.tanstack-query/04.data-synchronization",{"title":1920,"path":1921,"stem":1922},"Мутації та Інвалідація: Зміна Даних","/javascript/react/tanstack-query/mutations-and-invalidation","03.javascript/04.react/04.tanstack-query/05.mutations-and-invalidation",{"title":1924,"path":1925,"stem":1926},"Оптимістичні Оновлення: Швидше за Світло","/javascript/react/tanstack-query/optimistic-updates","03.javascript/04.react/04.tanstack-query/06.optimistic-updates",{"title":1928,"path":1929,"stem":1930},"Пагінація та Infinite Scroll","/javascript/react/tanstack-query/pagination-and-load-more","03.javascript/04.react/04.tanstack-query/07.pagination-and-load-more",{"title":1932,"path":1933,"stem":1934},"Просунуті Патерни та Оптимізація","/javascript/react/tanstack-query/advanced-patterns","03.javascript/04.react/04.tanstack-query/08.advanced-patterns",{"title":1936,"path":1937,"stem":1938},"Архітектура та Best Practices","/javascript/react/tanstack-query/architecture-and-best-practices","03.javascript/04.react/04.tanstack-query/09.architecture-and-best-practices",{"title":1940,"path":1941,"stem":1942},"Server-Side Rendering (SSR) та Гідратація","/javascript/react/tanstack-query/server-side-rendering","03.javascript/04.react/04.tanstack-query/10.server-side-rendering",{"title":1944,"path":1945,"stem":1946},"Стратегії Тестування","/javascript/react/tanstack-query/testing-strategies","03.javascript/04.react/04.tanstack-query/11.testing-strategies",{"title":1948,"path":1949,"stem":1950},"Аутентифікація та Обробка Помилок","/javascript/react/tanstack-query/authentication-and-errors","03.javascript/04.react/04.tanstack-query/12.authentication-and-errors",{"title":1952,"path":1953,"stem":1954},"React Suspense та Майбутнє","/javascript/react/tanstack-query/react-suspense","03.javascript/04.react/04.tanstack-query/13.react-suspense",{"title":1956,"path":1957,"stem":1958},"Глибоке Занурення в Продуктивність","/javascript/react/tanstack-query/performance-deep-dive","03.javascript/04.react/04.tanstack-query/14.performance-deep-dive",{"title":1960,"icon":1875,"path":1961,"stem":1962,"children":1963},"React Router","/javascript/react/react-router","03.javascript/04.react/05.react-router/index",[1964,1966,1970,1974,1978,1982,1986,1990],{"title":1965,"path":1961,"stem":1962},"React Router: Навігаційна система сучасного вебу",{"title":1967,"path":1968,"stem":1969},"Налаштування та Базовий Роутинг","/javascript/react/react-router/setup-and-basic-routing","03.javascript/04.react/05.react-router/01.setup-and-basic-routing",{"title":1971,"path":1972,"stem":1973},"Динамічна Навігація","/javascript/react/react-router/navigation-and-links","03.javascript/04.react/05.react-router/02.navigation-and-links",{"title":1975,"path":1976,"stem":1977},"Вкладені Маршрути та Макети","/javascript/react/react-router/nested-routes-and-layouts","03.javascript/04.react/05.react-router/03.nested-routes-and-layouts",{"title":1979,"path":1980,"stem":1981},"Динамічні Маршрути та Параметри","/javascript/react/react-router/dynamic-routing","03.javascript/04.react/05.react-router/04.dynamic-routing",{"title":1983,"path":1984,"stem":1985},"Data APIs: Loaders та Actions","/javascript/react/react-router/data-loading","03.javascript/04.react/05.react-router/05.data-loading",{"title":1987,"path":1988,"stem":1989},"Просунуті Патерни","/javascript/react/react-router/advanced-patterns","03.javascript/04.react/05.react-router/06.advanced-patterns",{"title":1991,"path":1992,"stem":1993},"Legacy Routing: Компонентний підхід","/javascript/react/react-router/legacy-routing","03.javascript/04.react/05.react-router/07.legacy-routing",{"title":1995,"icon":132,"path":1996,"stem":1997,"children":1998},"Redux","/javascript/react/redux","03.javascript/04.react/06.redux/index",[1999,2001,2017,2046,2055,2076,2092,2121],{"title":2000,"path":1996,"stem":1997},"Redux: Еволюція управління станом",{"title":14,"icon":15,"path":2002,"stem":2003,"children":2004,"page":59},"/javascript/react/redux/fundamentals","03.javascript/04.react/06.redux/01.fundamentals",[2005,2009,2013],{"title":2006,"path":2007,"stem":2008},"Вступ до State Management","/javascript/react/redux/fundamentals/intro-state-management","03.javascript/04.react/06.redux/01.fundamentals/01.intro-state-management",{"title":2010,"path":2011,"stem":2012},"Філософія Redux та Три Принципи","/javascript/react/redux/fundamentals/redux-philosophy","03.javascript/04.react/06.redux/01.fundamentals/02.redux-philosophy",{"title":2014,"path":2015,"stem":2016},"Чисті функції та Іммутабельність","/javascript/react/redux/fundamentals/pure-functions-immutability","03.javascript/04.react/06.redux/01.fundamentals/03.pure-functions-immutability",{"title":2018,"icon":132,"path":2019,"stem":2020,"children":2021,"page":59},"Classic Redux","/javascript/react/redux/classic-redux","03.javascript/04.react/06.redux/02.classic-redux",[2022,2026,2030,2034,2038,2042],{"title":2023,"path":2024,"stem":2025},"Створення Store (Classic Redux)","/javascript/react/redux/classic-redux/store-setup","03.javascript/04.react/06.redux/02.classic-redux/01.store-setup",{"title":2027,"path":2028,"stem":2029},"Actions, Constants та Action Creators","/javascript/react/redux/classic-redux/actions-constants","03.javascript/04.react/06.redux/02.classic-redux/02.actions-constants",{"title":2031,"path":2032,"stem":2033},"Логіка Reducers","/javascript/react/redux/classic-redux/reducers","03.javascript/04.react/06.redux/02.classic-redux/03.reducers",{"title":2035,"path":2036,"stem":2037},"Комбінування Reducers (Root Reducer)","/javascript/react/redux/classic-redux/data-flow","03.javascript/04.react/06.redux/02.classic-redux/04.data-flow",{"title":2039,"path":2040,"stem":2041},"Підключення до React (React-Redux)","/javascript/react/redux/classic-redux/react-redux-connection","03.javascript/04.react/06.redux/02.classic-redux/05.react-redux-connection",{"title":2043,"path":2044,"stem":2045},"Middleware та Асинхронність (Redux Thunk)","/javascript/react/redux/classic-redux/middleware-thunk","03.javascript/04.react/06.redux/02.classic-redux/06.middleware-thunk",{"title":2047,"icon":132,"path":2048,"stem":2049,"children":2050,"page":59},"Transition To Rtk","/javascript/react/redux/transition-to-rtk","03.javascript/04.react/06.redux/03.transition-to-rtk",[2051],{"title":2052,"path":2053,"stem":2054},"Проблеми класичного Redux","/javascript/react/redux/transition-to-rtk/problems-with-classic","03.javascript/04.react/06.redux/03.transition-to-rtk/01.problems-with-classic",{"title":2056,"icon":132,"path":2057,"stem":2058,"children":2059,"page":59},"Redux Toolkit","/javascript/react/redux/redux-toolkit","03.javascript/04.react/06.redux/04.redux-toolkit",[2060,2064,2068,2072],{"title":2061,"path":2062,"stem":2063},"Налаштування Store з 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дружити","/java/pr2/impedance-mismatch","04.java/pr2/09.impedance-mismatch",{"title":2285,"path":2286,"stem":2287},"JDBC: Перший контакт із базою даних","/java/pr2/jdbc-fundamentals","04.java/pr2/10.jdbc-fundamentals",{"title":2289,"path":2290,"stem":2291},"Якість коду: Spotless, SpotBugs та SonarQube","/java/pr2/10a.code-quality","04.java/pr2/10a.code-quality",{"title":2293,"path":2294,"stem":2295},"Connection Pool: Патерн Object Pool для JDBC-з'єднань","/java/pr2/connection-pool","04.java/pr2/11.connection-pool",{"title":2297,"path":2298,"stem":2299},"Row Data Gateway: Об'єкт як обгортка рядка таблиці","/java/pr2/row-data-gateway","04.java/pr2/12.row-data-gateway",{"title":2301,"path":2302,"stem":2303},"Table Data Gateway: Фасад таблиці як архітектурний відступ","/java/pr2/table-data-gateway","04.java/pr2/13.table-data-gateway",{"title":2305,"path":2306,"stem":2307},"Repository + Data Mapper: Правильна шарова архітектура з JDBC","/java/pr2/repository-data-mapper","04.java/pr2/14.repository-data-mapper",{"title":2309,"path":2310,"stem":2311},"Identity Map: Кешування сутностей у рамках сесії","/java/pr2/identity-map","04.java/pr2/15.identity-map",{"title":2313,"path":2314,"stem":2315},"Unit of Work: Відстеження змін і координація JDBC-транзакцій","/java/pr2/unit-of-work","04.java/pr2/16.unit-of-work",{"title":2317,"path":2318,"stem":2319},"Strategy: Замінювані SQL-стратегії для підтримки різних СУБД","/java/pr2/strategy-sql","04.java/pr2/17.strategy-sql",{"title":2321,"path":2322,"stem":2323},"Proxy: Lazy Loading для One-To-Many колекцій","/java/pr2/proxy-lazy-loading","04.java/pr2/18.proxy-lazy-loading",{"title":2325,"path":2326,"stem":2327},"Generic Repository через Java Reflection: анотації та динамічний SQL","/java/pr2/generic-repository-reflection","04.java/pr2/19.generic-repository-reflection",{"title":2329,"path":2330,"stem":2331},"Specification Pattern: Композиція бізнес-правил для складних 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БД","/databases/intro/logical-schema","06.databases/01.intro/04.logical-schema",{"title":2381,"path":2382,"stem":2383},"Класифікація таблиць","/databases/intro/table-classification","06.databases/01.intro/05.table-classification",{"title":2385,"path":2386,"stem":2387},"PlantUML для баз даних","/databases/intro/plantuml-diagrams","06.databases/01.intro/06.plantuml-diagrams",{"title":2389,"icon":2354,"path":2390,"stem":2391,"children":2392,"page":59},"MS SQL Server Start","/databases/ms-sql-server-start","06.databases/02.ms-sql-server-start",[2393,2397,2403,2407],{"title":2394,"path":2395,"stem":2396},"Типи даних у MS SQL Server","/databases/ms-sql-server-start/data-types","06.databases/02.ms-sql-server-start/01.data-types",{"title":2398,"path":2399,"stem":2400,"children":2401},"Індекси у MS SQL 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TABLE)","/databases/sql/ddl-create-table","06.databases/03.sql/01.ddl-create-table",{"title":2425,"path":2426,"stem":2427},"DDL - Зміна та видалення таблиць (ALTER, DROP)","/databases/sql/ddl-alter-drop-table","06.databases/03.sql/02.ddl-alter-drop-table",{"title":2429,"path":2430,"stem":2431},"SELECT запити - Основи","/databases/sql/select-queries-fundamentals","06.databases/03.sql/03.select-queries-fundamentals",{"title":2433,"path":2434,"stem":2435},"SELECT запити - Розширені можливості","/databases/sql/select-queries-advanced","06.databases/03.sql/04.select-queries-advanced",{"title":2437,"path":2438,"stem":2439},"INSERT запити - Додавання даних","/databases/sql/insert-queries","06.databases/03.sql/05.insert-queries",{"title":2441,"path":2442,"stem":2443},"UPDATE та DELETE запити","/databases/sql/update-delete-queries","06.databases/03.sql/06.update-delete-queries",{"title":2445,"path":2446,"stem":2447},"Транзакції в SQL","/databases/sql/transactions","06.databases/03.sql/07.transactions",{"title":2449,"icon":2354,"path":2450,"stem":2451,"children":2452,"page":59},"Multi Table Databases","/databases/multi-table-databases","06.databases/04.multi-table-databases",[2453,2457,2461,2465,2469,2473],{"title":2454,"path":2455,"stem":2456},"Зв'язки та нормалізація БД","/databases/multi-table-databases/relationships-and-normalization","06.databases/04.multi-table-databases/00.relationships-and-normalization",{"title":2458,"path":2459,"stem":2460},"INNER JOIN - З'єднання таблиць","/databases/multi-table-databases/inner-join","06.databases/04.multi-table-databases/01.inner-join",{"title":2462,"path":2463,"stem":2464},"OUTER JOINs - LEFT, RIGHT, FULL","/databases/multi-table-databases/outer-joins","06.databases/04.multi-table-databases/02.outer-joins",{"title":2466,"path":2467,"stem":2468},"CROSS та SELF JOINs","/databases/multi-table-databases/cross-self-joins","06.databases/04.multi-table-databases/03.cross-self-joins",{"title":2470,"path":2471,"stem":2472},"Підзапити (Subqueries)","/databases/multi-table-databases/subqueries","06.databases/04.multi-table-databases/04.subqueries",{"title":2474,"path":2475,"stem":2476},"Агрегації з JOIN","/databases/multi-table-databases/aggregations-with-joins","06.databases/04.multi-table-databases/05.aggregations-with-joins",{"title":2478,"icon":2479,"path":2480,"stem":2481,"children":2482,"page":59},"Aggregate Functions","i-lucide-calculator","/databases/aggregate-functions","06.databases/05.aggregate-functions",[2483,2487,2491],{"title":2484,"path":2485,"stem":2486},"Функції агрегування в MS SQL Server","/databases/aggregate-functions/introduction-aggregate-functions","06.databases/05.aggregate-functions/01.introduction-aggregate-functions",{"title":2488,"path":2489,"stem":2490},"Групування даних в MS SQL Server","/databases/aggregate-functions/grouping-data","06.databases/05.aggregate-functions/02.grouping-data",{"title":2492,"path":2493,"stem":2494},"Підзапити з агрегатними функціями","/databases/aggregate-functions/subqueries-aggregates","06.databases/05.aggregate-functions/03.subqueries-aggregates",{"title":2496,"icon":2497,"path":2498,"stem":2499,"children":2500,"page":59},"Тригери та зберігаємі процедури","i-lucide-database-zap","/databases/triggers-stored-procedures","06.databases/07.triggers-stored-procedures",[2501,2505,2509,2513,2517,2521,2525],{"title":2502,"path":2503,"stem":2504},"DML-тригери","/databases/triggers-stored-procedures/dml-triggers","06.databases/07.triggers-stored-procedures/01.dml-triggers",{"title":2506,"path":2507,"stem":2508},"DDL-тригери","/databases/triggers-stored-procedures/ddl-triggers","06.databases/07.triggers-stored-procedures/02.ddl-triggers",{"title":2510,"path":2511,"stem":2512},"Transact-SQL 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Docker","/tools/docker/networking-basics","07.tools/01.docker/14.networking-basics",{"title":2630,"path":2631,"stem":2632},"Змінні оточення та конфігурація","/tools/docker/environment-and-configuration","07.tools/01.docker/15.environment-and-configuration",{"title":2634,"path":2635,"stem":2636},"Docker Compose — оркестрація контейнерів","/tools/docker/docker-compose-basics","07.tools/01.docker/16.docker-compose-basics",{"title":2638,"path":2639,"stem":2640},"Docker Compose — Multi-Service застосунки","/tools/docker/compose-multi-service","07.tools/01.docker/17.compose-multi-service",{"title":2642,"icon":2643,"path":2644,"stem":2645,"children":2646,"page":59},"Software Engineering","i-lucide-code-2","/software-engineering","09.software-engineering",[2647,2651,2655,2659,2663,2667,2671,2675,2679,2683,2687],{"title":2648,"path":2649,"stem":2650},"1. 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Частина 2","/html-css/css-layout-grid-advanced","12.html-css/16.css-layout-grid-advanced",{"title":2861,"path":2862,"stem":2863},"Позиціонування в CSS. Z-index. Stacking Context","/html-css/css-positioning","12.html-css/17.css-positioning",{"title":2865,"path":2866,"stem":2867},"CSS Анімації та Переходи","/html-css/css-animations-transitions","12.html-css/18.css-animations-transitions",{"title":2869,"path":2870,"stem":2871},"Адаптивний дизайн. Media Queries. Частина 1","/html-css/css-responsive-media-queries","12.html-css/19.css-responsive-media-queries",{"title":2873,"path":2874,"stem":2875},"Адаптивний дизайн. Частина 2: clamp(), Container Queries, @layer","/html-css/css-responsive-advanced","12.html-css/20.css-responsive-advanced",{"title":2877,"path":2878,"stem":2879},"CSS Custom Properties. Методології. Сучасний CSS","/html-css/css-variables-methodologies","12.html-css/21.css-variables-methodologies",{"title":2881,"path":2882,"stem":2883},"Сучасний CSS 2023–2025: Нові можливості","/html-css/css-modern-features","12.html-css/22.css-modern-features",{"title":2885,"path":2886,"stem":2887},"CSS Nesting, @layer, @scope та @property: нативний препроцесор","/html-css/22a.css-nesting-modern-syntax","12.html-css/22a.css-nesting-modern-syntax",{"title":2889,"path":2890,"stem":2891},"CSS для форм та інтерактивних станів","/html-css/css-forms-interactive-states","12.html-css/23.css-forms-interactive-states",{"title":2893,"path":2894,"stem":2895},"Доступність у CSS (CSS Accessibility)","/html-css/css-accessibility","12.html-css/24.css-accessibility",{"title":2897,"path":2898,"stem":2899},"CSS-функції та сучасні sizing primitives","/html-css/css-functions-sizing","12.html-css/25.css-functions-sizing",{"title":2901,"path":2902,"stem":2903},"Rendering Pipeline і CSS Performance","/html-css/css-rendering-performance","12.html-css/26.css-rendering-performance",{"title":2905,"path":2906,"stem":2907},"CSS Best Practices: типові ситуації та правильні рішення","/html-css/css-best-practices","12.html-css/27.css-best-practices",{"title":2909,"path":2910,"stem":2911,"children":2912,"page":59},"Tailwind","/tailwind","21.tailwind",[2913,2917,2921,2925,2929,2933,2937,2941],{"title":2914,"path":2915,"stem":2916},"Що таке Tailwind CSS і навіщо він потрібен","/tailwind/tailwind-intro-philosophy","21.tailwind/01.tailwind-intro-philosophy",{"title":2918,"path":2919,"stem":2920},"Встановлення та налаштування Tailwind CSS v4","/tailwind/tailwind-installation-setup","21.tailwind/02.tailwind-installation-setup",{"title":2922,"path":2923,"stem":2924},"Utility-класи: основи та система Tailwind","/tailwind/tailwind-utility-classes-core","21.tailwind/03.tailwind-utility-classes-core",{"title":2926,"path":2927,"stem":2928},"Layout: Flexbox та Grid через Tailwind","/tailwind/tailwind-flexbox-grid","21.tailwind/04.tailwind-flexbox-grid",{"title":2930,"path":2931,"stem":2932},"Кастомізація теми через @theme у Tailwind v4","/tailwind/tailwind-theme-customization","21.tailwind/05.tailwind-theme-customization",{"title":2934,"path":2935,"stem":2936},"Варіанти: hover, focus, responsive, dark mode та нові v4","/tailwind/tailwind-variants-states","21.tailwind/06.tailwind-variants-states",{"title":2938,"path":2939,"stem":2940},"Типографіка та система кольорів у Tailwind v4","/tailwind/tailwind-typography-colors","21.tailwind/07.tailwind-typography-colors",{"title":2942,"path":2943,"stem":2944},"Компоненти та повторюваність: @apply, @utility та патерни","/tailwind/tailwind-components-patterns","21.tailwind/08.tailwind-components-patterns",{"title":2946,"path":2947,"stem":2948},"Showcase Компонентів kostyl.dev","/test-new-components","98.test-new-components",{"id":2950,"title":982,"body":2951,"description":8879,"extension":8880,"links":8881,"meta":8882,"navigation":3349,"path":983,"seo":8883,"stem":984,"__hash__":8884},"docs/01.csharp/11.aspnet/07.testing/03.testing-schools.md",{"type":2952,"value":2953,"toc":8843},"minimark",[2954,2959,2964,2973,2976,2983,2994,2997,3025,3028,3031,3035,3040,3051,3054,3069,3076,3080,3086,3095,3116,3123,3133,3139,3143,3154,3436,3449,3469,3471,3475,3478,3492,3499,3509,3513,3524,3531,3541,3545,3871,3889,3891,3895,3906,3909,4071,4075,4085,4091,4096,4293,4306,4312,4314,4318,4327,4332,4342,4346,4561,4573,4579,4581,4585,4594,4599,4604,4624,4628,5080,5090,5097,5103,5105,5109,5121,5126,5130,5326,5340,5346,5348,5352,5364,5370,5376,5381,5982,5988,5990,5994,6142,6146,6148,6152,6155,6159,6169,6368,6379,6383,6391,6603,6621,6625,6631,6646,6810,6813,6817,6819,6823,8488,8750,8773,8776,8778,8782,8833,8839],[2955,2956,2958],"h1",{"id":2957},"дві-школи-тестування-лондон-проти-детройту","Дві Школи Тестування: Лондон проти Детройту",[2960,2961,2963],"h2",{"id":2962},"суперечка-якій-вже-понад-двадцять-років","Суперечка, якій вже понад двадцять років",[2965,2966,2967,2968,2972],"p",{},"Є речі в програмуванні, про які всі ніби знають і розуміють, але при детальному розгляді виявляється, що люди мають на увазі зовсім різні речі. ",[2969,2970,2971],"strong",{},"Unit testing"," — саме такий термін.",[2965,2974,2975],{},"Запитайте десятьох досвідчених розробників: \"Що таке правильний unit тест?\" — і ви отримаєте щонайменше дві принципово різні відповіді. Хтось скаже: \"Тест має перевіряти результат — те, що метод повертає або яким є стан системи після виклику\". Хтось інший невдоволено знизить плечима: \"Ні-ні, тест має перевіряти, як класи взаємодіють між собою — які методи викликаються, з якими аргументами\".",[2965,2977,2978,2979,2982],{},"Обидві відповіді правильні — але лише в контексті відповідної ",[2969,2980,2981],{},"школи тестування",".",[2965,2984,2985,2986,2989,2990,2993],{},"Ця суперечка виникла в середині 1990-х у спільноті eXtreme Programming (XP). Kent Beck, Ward Cunningham та їхні послідовники сформулювали один підхід. Через десять років у Лондоні Стів Фріман та Нат Прайс розвинули принципово інший. Мартін Фаулер у своїй статті \"Mocks Aren't Stubs\" (2007) систематизував відмінності і запровадив терміни ",[2969,2987,2988],{},"Classicist"," (або Detroit) та ",[2969,2991,2992],{},"Mockist"," (або London) для позначення цих двох шкіл.",[2965,2995,2996],{},"Чому це важливо для вас як практика? Тому що від вибору школи залежить:",[2998,2999,3000,3007,3013,3019],"ul",{},[3001,3002,3003,3006],"li",{},[2969,3004,3005],{},"Як ви проєктуєте"," виробничий код (TDD впливає на дизайн)",[3001,3008,3009,3012],{},[2969,3010,3011],{},"Яку роль відіграють моки"," у вашому тестовому наборі",[3001,3014,3015,3018],{},[2969,3016,3017],{},"Наскільки ваші тести стійкі"," до рефакторингу",[3001,3020,3021,3024],{},[2969,3022,3023],{},"Що саме ви вважаєте \"дефектом\""," при провалі тесту",[2965,3026,3027],{},"Розберемо кожну школу детально, а потім порівняємо їх за ключовими критеріями.",[3029,3030],"hr",{},[2960,3032,3034],{"id":3033},"класична-детройтська-школа","Класична (Детройтська) школа",[3036,3037,3039],"h3",{"id":3038},"витоки-та-ідеологія","Витоки та ідеологія",[2965,3041,3042,3043,3046,3047,3050],{},"Класична школа формувалась навколо ",[2969,3044,3045],{},"Kent Beck"," та ",[2969,3048,3049],{},"Ward Cunningham"," — авторів методології eXtreme Programming та засновників культури unit-тестування у промислових масштабах. Ключовим текстом є книга Beck \"Test-Driven Development: By Example\" (2002) — мабуть, найвпливовіша книга про тестування в histority програмування.",[2965,3052,3053],{},"Назва \"Детройтська\" (іноді \"Чикагська\" або просто \"Classicist\") умовна — вона відображає американські корені підходу.",[2965,3055,3056,3057,3060,3061,3064,3065,3068],{},"Центральна філософія класичної школи: ",[2969,3058,3059],{},"тест перевіряє спостережуваний результат",". Нас не цікавить, ",[2969,3062,3063],{},"яким чином"," система дійшла до результату — нас цікавить ",[2969,3066,3067],{},"що саме"," вона повернула або до якого стану прийшла.",[2965,3070,3071,3072,3075],{},"Уявіть, що ви перевіряєте, чи правильно каса видає решту. Вам не важливо, чи касир обчислює здачу в умі, чи на калькуляторі, чи запитує в колеги — вам важливо отримати правильну суму. Це і є ",[2969,3073,3074],{},"State-based testing (перевірка стану)",": ми перевіряємо кінцевий стан системи, а не процес його досягнення.",[3036,3077,3079],{"id":3078},"характеристики-підходу","Характеристики підходу",[2965,3081,3082,3085],{},[2969,3083,3084],{},"Мінімальне використання моків."," Класична школа не відкидає моки повністю, але використовує їх лише у двох випадках:",[3087,3088,3089,3092],"ol",{},[3001,3090,3091],{},"Зовнішні залежності, що уповільнюють або ускладнюють тести (реальна база даних, зовнішній HTTP-сервіс, файлова система)",[3001,3093,3094],{},"Залежності, що вносять недетермінізм (системний час, генератор випадкових чисел)",[2965,3096,3097,3098,3101,3102,3106,3107,3110,3111,3113,3114,2982],{},"Внутрішні залежності — власні класи та сервіси вашого проєкту — зазвичай ",[2969,3099,3100],{},"не мокуються",". Якщо ",[3103,3104,3105],"code",{},"OrderService"," залежить від ",[3103,3108,3109],{},"DiscountCalculator",", класична школа запустить обидва в тесті: реальний ",[3103,3112,3105],{}," з реальним ",[3103,3115,3109],{},[2965,3117,3118,3119,3122],{},"Такі тести Мартін Фаулер називає ",[2969,3120,3121],{},"Sociable Unit Tests"," (товариські модульні тести) — вони \"спілкуються\" з реальними залежностями всередині системи.",[2965,3124,3125,3128,3129,3132],{},[2969,3126,3127],{},"Inside-Out розробка."," У контексті TDD класична школа рухається ",[2969,3130,3131],{},"зсередини назовні",": спочатку реалізується доменне ядро (бізнес-логіка, entities, value objects), потім — сервіси, що їх використовують, і нарешті — API або UI поверхня. Кожен шар будується на вже протестованому нижньому шарі.",[2965,3134,3135,3138],{},[2969,3136,3137],{},"Тест прив'язаний до поведінки, не до реалізації."," Якщо ви рефакторите внутрішню реалізацію методу, не змінюючи його публічний контракт — тести залишаться зеленими. Це робить тести стійкими і дає свободу рефакторингу.",[3036,3140,3142],{"id":3141},"приклад-детройтського-підходу","Приклад Детройтського підходу",[2965,3144,3145,3146,3149,3150,3153],{},"Розглянемо просту модель: є ",[3103,3147,3148],{},"ShoppingCart"," (кошик покупок), що залежить від ",[3103,3151,3152],{},"DiscountService"," для розрахунку знижок. У Детройтській школі тест виглядав би так:",[3155,3156,3161],"pre",{"className":3157,"code":3158,"language":3159,"meta":3160,"style":3160},"language-csharp shiki shiki-themes light-plus dark-plus dark-plus","// Детройтська школа: перевіряємо СТАН після дії\npublic class ShoppingCartTests\n{\n    [Fact]\n    public void AddItem_WhenVipUser_AppliesCorrectDiscount()\n    {\n        // Arrange\n        var discountService = new DiscountService(); // РЕАЛЬНА залежність\n        var cart = new ShoppingCart(discountService);\n        var user = new User { Type = UserType.Vip };\n        var item = new Product { Price = 100m };\n\n        // Act\n        cart.AddItem(item, user);\n\n        // Assert — перевіряємо РЕЗУЛЬТАТ (стан кошика)\n        Assert.Equal(90m, cart.Total); // 10% знижка для VIP\n    }\n}\n","csharp","",[3103,3162,3163,3172,3186,3193,3205,3221,3227,3233,3258,3282,3316,3344,3351,3357,3381,3386,3392,3424,3430],{"__ignoreMap":3160},[3164,3165,3168],"span",{"class":3166,"line":3167},"line",1,[3164,3169,3171],{"class":3170},"spJ8K","// Детройтська школа: перевіряємо СТАН після дії\n",[3164,3173,3175,3179,3182],{"class":3166,"line":3174},2,[3164,3176,3178],{"class":3177},"su1O8","public",[3164,3180,3181],{"class":3177}," class",[3164,3183,3185],{"class":3184},"sN1BT"," ShoppingCartTests\n",[3164,3187,3189],{"class":3166,"line":3188},3,[3164,3190,3192],{"class":3191},"sHH4Y","{\n",[3164,3194,3196,3199,3202],{"class":3166,"line":3195},4,[3164,3197,3198],{"class":3191},"    [",[3164,3200,3201],{"class":3184},"Fact",[3164,3203,3204],{"class":3191},"]\n",[3164,3206,3208,3211,3214,3218],{"class":3166,"line":3207},5,[3164,3209,3210],{"class":3177},"    public",[3164,3212,3213],{"class":3177}," void",[3164,3215,3217],{"class":3216},"s8Opu"," AddItem_WhenVipUser_AppliesCorrectDiscount",[3164,3219,3220],{"class":3191},"()\n",[3164,3222,3224],{"class":3166,"line":3223},6,[3164,3225,3226],{"class":3191},"    {\n",[3164,3228,3230],{"class":3166,"line":3229},7,[3164,3231,3232],{"class":3170},"        // Arrange\n",[3164,3234,3236,3239,3243,3246,3249,3252,3255],{"class":3166,"line":3235},8,[3164,3237,3238],{"class":3177},"        var",[3164,3240,3242],{"class":3241},"siwwj"," discountService",[3164,3244,3245],{"class":3191}," = ",[3164,3247,3248],{"class":3177},"new",[3164,3250,3251],{"class":3184}," DiscountService",[3164,3253,3254],{"class":3191},"(); ",[3164,3256,3257],{"class":3170},"// РЕАЛЬНА залежність\n",[3164,3259,3261,3263,3266,3268,3270,3273,3276,3279],{"class":3166,"line":3260},9,[3164,3262,3238],{"class":3177},[3164,3264,3265],{"class":3241}," cart",[3164,3267,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,3269,3248],{"class":3177},[3164,3271,3272],{"class":3184}," ShoppingCart",[3164,3274,3275],{"class":3191},"(",[3164,3277,3278],{"class":3241},"discountService",[3164,3280,3281],{"class":3191},");\n",[3164,3283,3285,3287,3290,3292,3294,3297,3300,3303,3305,3308,3310,3313],{"class":3166,"line":3284},10,[3164,3286,3238],{"class":3177},[3164,3288,3289],{"class":3241}," user",[3164,3291,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,3293,3248],{"class":3177},[3164,3295,3296],{"class":3184}," User",[3164,3298,3299],{"class":3191}," { ",[3164,3301,3302],{"class":3241},"Type",[3164,3304,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,3306,3307],{"class":3241},"UserType",[3164,3309,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,3311,3312],{"class":3241},"Vip",[3164,3314,3315],{"class":3191}," };\n",[3164,3317,3319,3321,3324,3326,3328,3331,3333,3336,3338,3342],{"class":3166,"line":3318},11,[3164,3320,3238],{"class":3177},[3164,3322,3323],{"class":3241}," item",[3164,3325,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,3327,3248],{"class":3177},[3164,3329,3330],{"class":3184}," Product",[3164,3332,3299],{"class":3191},[3164,3334,3335],{"class":3241},"Price",[3164,3337,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,3339,3341],{"class":3340},"sJj4R","100m",[3164,3343,3315],{"class":3191},[3164,3345,3347],{"class":3166,"line":3346},12,[3164,3348,3350],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3349},true,"\n",[3164,3352,3354],{"class":3166,"line":3353},13,[3164,3355,3356],{"class":3170},"        // Act\n",[3164,3358,3360,3363,3365,3368,3370,3373,3376,3379],{"class":3166,"line":3359},14,[3164,3361,3362],{"class":3241},"        cart",[3164,3364,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,3366,3367],{"class":3216},"AddItem",[3164,3369,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,3371,3372],{"class":3241},"item",[3164,3374,3375],{"class":3191},", ",[3164,3377,3378],{"class":3241},"user",[3164,3380,3281],{"class":3191},[3164,3382,3384],{"class":3166,"line":3383},15,[3164,3385,3350],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3349},[3164,3387,3389],{"class":3166,"line":3388},16,[3164,3390,3391],{"class":3170},"        // Assert — перевіряємо РЕЗУЛЬТАТ (стан кошика)\n",[3164,3393,3395,3398,3400,3403,3405,3408,3410,3413,3415,3418,3421],{"class":3166,"line":3394},17,[3164,3396,3397],{"class":3241},"        Assert",[3164,3399,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,3401,3402],{"class":3216},"Equal",[3164,3404,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,3406,3407],{"class":3340},"90m",[3164,3409,3375],{"class":3191},[3164,3411,3412],{"class":3241},"cart",[3164,3414,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,3416,3417],{"class":3241},"Total",[3164,3419,3420],{"class":3191},"); ",[3164,3422,3423],{"class":3170},"// 10% знижка для VIP\n",[3164,3425,3427],{"class":3166,"line":3426},18,[3164,3428,3429],{"class":3191},"    }\n",[3164,3431,3433],{"class":3166,"line":3432},19,[3164,3434,3435],{"class":3191},"}\n",[2965,3437,3438,3439,3441,3442,3445,3446,3448],{},"Зверніть увагу: ",[3103,3440,3152],{}," — реальний клас, не мок. Тест перевіряє ",[3103,3443,3444],{},"cart.Total"," — стан об'єкта після операції. Нікому не важливо, скільки разів і як ",[3103,3447,3152],{}," викликався зсередини — важливо лише те, що кошик містить правильну суму.",[2965,3450,3451,3452,3455,3456,3459,3460,3462,3463,3465,3466,3468],{},"Це означає, що тест ",[3103,3453,3454],{},"ShoppingCartTests"," ",[2969,3457,3458],{},"неявно тестує"," і ",[3103,3461,3152],{},". Якщо в ",[3103,3464,3152],{}," є баг, тест ",[3103,3467,3454],{}," теж провалиться. Це вважається прийнятним у класичній школі — провал в одному місці може дати кілька провалів, але це нормально, бо аналіз все одно веде до одного місця проблеми.",[3029,3470],{},[2960,3472,3474],{"id":3473},"лондонська-школа","Лондонська школа",[3036,3476,3039],{"id":3477},"витоки-та-ідеологія-1",[2965,3479,3480,3481,3046,3484,3487,3488,3491],{},"Лондонська школа сформувалась на початку 2000-х у лондонській спільноті eXtreme Programming навколо ",[2969,3482,3483],{},"Steve Freeman",[2969,3485,3486],{},"Nat Pryce",". Їхня книга ",[2969,3489,3490],{},"\"Growing Object-Oriented Software, Guided by Tests\" (GOOS, 2009)"," — маніфест цього підходу. Книга з підзаголовком \"Guided by Tests\" невипадково — вони буквально будують систему, ведені тестами, крок за кроком, шар за шаром.",[2965,3493,3494,3495,3498],{},"Центральна філософія: ",[2969,3496,3497],{},"тест перевіряє взаємодію та поведінку",". Нас цікавить, чи відбуваються потрібні взаємодії між об'єктами — чи викликаються правильні методи з правильними аргументами.",[2965,3500,3501,3502,3505,3506,2982],{},"Повертаємось до аналогії з касою: лондонська школа перевіряла б, чи касир ",[2969,3503,3504],{},"звернувся до програми розрахунку здачі",", передав їй правильну суму, і звернувся за результатом. Неважливо, яка відповідь — важлива ",[2969,3507,3508],{},"правильна взаємодія",[3036,3510,3512],{"id":3511},"моки-як-інструмент-проєктування","Моки як інструмент проєктування",[2965,3514,3515,3516,3519,3520,3523],{},"У Лондонській школі моки — не просто засіб ізоляції. Вони є ",[2969,3517,3518],{},"інструментом дизайну",". Коли ви пишете тест, що очікує певні виклики до мок-об'єкта, ви тим самим ",[2969,3521,3522],{},"специфікуєте API"," цього мок-об'єкта. Це сильний feedback про дизайн: якщо для написання тесту вам потрібно моком виконати 20 викликів — це сигнал, що ваш дизайн потребує рефакторингу.",[2965,3525,3526,3527,3530],{},"Всі залежності класу — і зовнішні (HTTP, БД), і внутрішні (інші сервіси проєкту) — замінюються моками. Такі тести Фаулер називає ",[2969,3528,3529],{},"Solitary Unit Tests"," (самотні модульні тести).",[2965,3532,3533,3536,3537,3540],{},[2969,3534,3535],{},"Outside-In розробка."," TDD в Лондонській школі рухається ",[2969,3538,3539],{},"зззовні всередину",": починаємо з acceptance test (high-level test, що описує поведінку з точки зору користувача), потім опускаємось глибше, реалізовуючи один шар за раз. На кожному шарі пишемо unit-тест з моками для нижнього шару, потім реалізовуємо його, і рухаємось далі.",[3036,3542,3544],{"id":3543},"приклад-лондонського-підходу","Приклад Лондонського підходу",[3155,3546,3548],{"className":3157,"code":3547,"language":3159,"meta":3160,"style":3160},"// Лондонська школа: перевіряємо ВЗАЄМОДІЮ\npublic class ShoppingCartTests\n{\n    [Fact]\n    public void AddItem_WhenVipUser_CallsDiscountServiceCorrectly()\n    {\n        // Arrange\n        var mockDiscountService = new Mock\u003CIDiscountService>(); // МОК залежності\n        mockDiscountService\n            .Setup(x => x.CalculateDiscount(It.IsAny\u003CProduct>(), UserType.Vip))\n            .Returns(10m);\n\n        var cart = new ShoppingCart(mockDiscountService.Object);\n        var user = new User { Type = UserType.Vip };\n        var item = new Product { Price = 100m };\n\n        // Act\n        cart.AddItem(item, user);\n\n        // Assert — перевіряємо ВЗАЄМОДІЮ (чи викликався метод)\n        mockDiscountService.Verify(\n            x => x.CalculateDiscount(item, UserType.Vip),\n            Times.Once\n        );\n    }\n}\n",[3103,3549,3550,3555,3563,3567,3575,3586,3590,3594,3620,3625,3675,3689,3693,3717,3743,3765,3769,3773,3791,3795,3801,3815,3844,3855,3861,3866],{"__ignoreMap":3160},[3164,3551,3552],{"class":3166,"line":3167},[3164,3553,3554],{"class":3170},"// Лондонська школа: перевіряємо ВЗАЄМОДІЮ\n",[3164,3556,3557,3559,3561],{"class":3166,"line":3174},[3164,3558,3178],{"class":3177},[3164,3560,3181],{"class":3177},[3164,3562,3185],{"class":3184},[3164,3564,3565],{"class":3166,"line":3188},[3164,3566,3192],{"class":3191},[3164,3568,3569,3571,3573],{"class":3166,"line":3195},[3164,3570,3198],{"class":3191},[3164,3572,3201],{"class":3184},[3164,3574,3204],{"class":3191},[3164,3576,3577,3579,3581,3584],{"class":3166,"line":3207},[3164,3578,3210],{"class":3177},[3164,3580,3213],{"class":3177},[3164,3582,3583],{"class":3216}," AddItem_WhenVipUser_CallsDiscountServiceCorrectly",[3164,3585,3220],{"class":3191},[3164,3587,3588],{"class":3166,"line":3223},[3164,3589,3226],{"class":3191},[3164,3591,3592],{"class":3166,"line":3229},[3164,3593,3232],{"class":3170},[3164,3595,3596,3598,3601,3603,3605,3608,3611,3614,3617],{"class":3166,"line":3235},[3164,3597,3238],{"class":3177},[3164,3599,3600],{"class":3241}," mockDiscountService",[3164,3602,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,3604,3248],{"class":3177},[3164,3606,3607],{"class":3184}," Mock",[3164,3609,3610],{"class":3191},"\u003C",[3164,3612,3613],{"class":3184},"IDiscountService",[3164,3615,3616],{"class":3191},">(); ",[3164,3618,3619],{"class":3170},"// МОК залежності\n",[3164,3621,3622],{"class":3166,"line":3260},[3164,3623,3624],{"class":3241},"        mockDiscountService\n",[3164,3626,3627,3630,3633,3635,3638,3641,3643,3645,3648,3650,3653,3655,3658,3660,3663,3666,3668,3670,3672],{"class":3166,"line":3284},[3164,3628,3629],{"class":3191},"            .",[3164,3631,3632],{"class":3216},"Setup",[3164,3634,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,3636,3637],{"class":3241},"x",[3164,3639,3640],{"class":3191}," => ",[3164,3642,3637],{"class":3241},[3164,3644,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,3646,3647],{"class":3216},"CalculateDiscount",[3164,3649,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,3651,3652],{"class":3241},"It",[3164,3654,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,3656,3657],{"class":3216},"IsAny",[3164,3659,3610],{"class":3191},[3164,3661,3662],{"class":3184},"Product",[3164,3664,3665],{"class":3191},">(), ",[3164,3667,3307],{"class":3241},[3164,3669,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,3671,3312],{"class":3241},[3164,3673,3674],{"class":3191},"))\n",[3164,3676,3677,3679,3682,3684,3687],{"class":3166,"line":3318},[3164,3678,3629],{"class":3191},[3164,3680,3681],{"class":3216},"Returns",[3164,3683,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,3685,3686],{"class":3340},"10m",[3164,3688,3281],{"class":3191},[3164,3690,3691],{"class":3166,"line":3346},[3164,3692,3350],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3349},[3164,3694,3695,3697,3699,3701,3703,3705,3707,3710,3712,3715],{"class":3166,"line":3353},[3164,3696,3238],{"class":3177},[3164,3698,3265],{"class":3241},[3164,3700,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,3702,3248],{"class":3177},[3164,3704,3272],{"class":3184},[3164,3706,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,3708,3709],{"class":3241},"mockDiscountService",[3164,3711,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,3713,3714],{"class":3241},"Object",[3164,3716,3281],{"class":3191},[3164,3718,3719,3721,3723,3725,3727,3729,3731,3733,3735,3737,3739,3741],{"class":3166,"line":3359},[3164,3720,3238],{"class":3177},[3164,3722,3289],{"class":3241},[3164,3724,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,3726,3248],{"class":3177},[3164,3728,3296],{"class":3184},[3164,3730,3299],{"class":3191},[3164,3732,3302],{"class":3241},[3164,3734,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,3736,3307],{"class":3241},[3164,3738,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,3740,3312],{"class":3241},[3164,3742,3315],{"class":3191},[3164,3744,3745,3747,3749,3751,3753,3755,3757,3759,3761,3763],{"class":3166,"line":3383},[3164,3746,3238],{"class":3177},[3164,3748,3323],{"class":3241},[3164,3750,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,3752,3248],{"class":3177},[3164,3754,3330],{"class":3184},[3164,3756,3299],{"class":3191},[3164,3758,3335],{"class":3241},[3164,3760,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,3762,3341],{"class":3340},[3164,3764,3315],{"class":3191},[3164,3766,3767],{"class":3166,"line":3388},[3164,3768,3350],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3349},[3164,3770,3771],{"class":3166,"line":3394},[3164,3772,3356],{"class":3170},[3164,3774,3775,3777,3779,3781,3783,3785,3787,3789],{"class":3166,"line":3426},[3164,3776,3362],{"class":3241},[3164,3778,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,3780,3367],{"class":3216},[3164,3782,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,3784,3372],{"class":3241},[3164,3786,3375],{"class":3191},[3164,3788,3378],{"class":3241},[3164,3790,3281],{"class":3191},[3164,3792,3793],{"class":3166,"line":3432},[3164,3794,3350],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3349},[3164,3796,3798],{"class":3166,"line":3797},20,[3164,3799,3800],{"class":3170},"        // Assert — перевіряємо ВЗАЄМОДІЮ (чи викликався метод)\n",[3164,3802,3804,3807,3809,3812],{"class":3166,"line":3803},21,[3164,3805,3806],{"class":3241},"        mockDiscountService",[3164,3808,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,3810,3811],{"class":3216},"Verify",[3164,3813,3814],{"class":3191},"(\n",[3164,3816,3818,3821,3823,3825,3827,3829,3831,3833,3835,3837,3839,3841],{"class":3166,"line":3817},22,[3164,3819,3820],{"class":3241},"            x",[3164,3822,3640],{"class":3191},[3164,3824,3637],{"class":3241},[3164,3826,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,3828,3647],{"class":3216},[3164,3830,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,3832,3372],{"class":3241},[3164,3834,3375],{"class":3191},[3164,3836,3307],{"class":3241},[3164,3838,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,3840,3312],{"class":3241},[3164,3842,3843],{"class":3191},"),\n",[3164,3845,3847,3850,3852],{"class":3166,"line":3846},23,[3164,3848,3849],{"class":3241},"            Times",[3164,3851,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,3853,3854],{"class":3241},"Once\n",[3164,3856,3858],{"class":3166,"line":3857},24,[3164,3859,3860],{"class":3191},"        );\n",[3164,3862,3864],{"class":3166,"line":3863},25,[3164,3865,3429],{"class":3191},[3164,3867,3869],{"class":3166,"line":3868},26,[3164,3870,3435],{"class":3191},[2965,3872,3873,3874,3876,3877,3455,3879,3882,3883,3885,3886,3888],{},"Тут ",[3103,3875,3613],{}," — мок. Ми перевіряємо, чи ",[3103,3878,3148],{},[2969,3880,3881],{},"правильно взаємодіє"," з ",[3103,3884,3152],{},": передає правильний продукт і правильний тип користувача. Внутрішня логіка ",[3103,3887,3152],{}," тестується окремо, у своєму тест-класі.",[3029,3890],{},[2960,3892,3894],{"id":3893},"повна-таксономія-test-doubles-тестові-замінники","Повна таксономія Test Doubles (Тестові Замінники)",[2965,3896,3897,3898,3905],{},"Мартін Фаулер у статті ",[3899,3900,3904],"a",{"href":3901,"rel":3902},"https://martinfowler.com/bliki/TestDouble.html",[3903],"nofollow","\"Test Double\""," розробив точну класифікацію об'єктів-замінників (назва запозичена з кіноіндустрії — \"stunt double\", каскадер). Оригінальна концепція та терміни — від Gerard Meszaros з книги \"xUnit Test Patterns\" (2007).",[2965,3907,3908],{},"Ця таксономія критично важлива, бо у повсякденній мові всі ці об'єкти часто неточно називають \"моками\" — але це принципово різні речі з різними характеристиками.",[3910,3911,3912],"mermaid",{},[3155,3913,3916],{"className":3914,"code":3915,"language":3910,"meta":3160,"style":3160},"language-mermaid shiki shiki-themes light-plus dark-plus dark-plus","classDiagram\n    class TestDouble {\n        \u003C\u003Cabstract>>\n        Виконує роль реальної залежності\n    }\n    class Dummy {\n        Ніколи не використовується\n        Лише заповнює параметр\n    }\n    class Stub {\n        Повертає заготовлені відповіді\n        Не верифікується\n    }\n    class Fake {\n        Реальна, але спрощена реалізація\n        Наприклад: InMemoryDatabase\n    }\n    class Spy {\n        Записує виклики\n        Делегує реальному об'єкту\n    }\n    class Mock {\n        Верифікує взаємодію\n        Запрограмовані очікування\n    }\n\n    TestDouble \u003C|-- Dummy\n    TestDouble \u003C|-- Stub\n    TestDouble \u003C|-- Fake\n    TestDouble \u003C|-- Spy\n    TestDouble \u003C|-- Mock\n",[3103,3917,3918,3923,3928,3933,3938,3942,3947,3952,3957,3961,3966,3971,3976,3980,3985,3990,3995,3999,4004,4009,4014,4018,4023,4028,4033,4037,4041,4047,4053,4059,4065],{"__ignoreMap":3160},[3164,3919,3920],{"class":3166,"line":3167},[3164,3921,3922],{},"classDiagram\n",[3164,3924,3925],{"class":3166,"line":3174},[3164,3926,3927],{},"    class TestDouble {\n",[3164,3929,3930],{"class":3166,"line":3188},[3164,3931,3932],{},"        \u003C\u003Cabstract>>\n",[3164,3934,3935],{"class":3166,"line":3195},[3164,3936,3937],{},"        Виконує роль реальної залежності\n",[3164,3939,3940],{"class":3166,"line":3207},[3164,3941,3429],{},[3164,3943,3944],{"class":3166,"line":3223},[3164,3945,3946],{},"    class Dummy {\n",[3164,3948,3949],{"class":3166,"line":3229},[3164,3950,3951],{},"        Ніколи не використовується\n",[3164,3953,3954],{"class":3166,"line":3235},[3164,3955,3956],{},"        Лише заповнює параметр\n",[3164,3958,3959],{"class":3166,"line":3260},[3164,3960,3429],{},[3164,3962,3963],{"class":3166,"line":3284},[3164,3964,3965],{},"    class Stub {\n",[3164,3967,3968],{"class":3166,"line":3318},[3164,3969,3970],{},"        Повертає заготовлені відповіді\n",[3164,3972,3973],{"class":3166,"line":3346},[3164,3974,3975],{},"        Не верифікується\n",[3164,3977,3978],{"class":3166,"line":3353},[3164,3979,3429],{},[3164,3981,3982],{"class":3166,"line":3359},[3164,3983,3984],{},"    class Fake {\n",[3164,3986,3987],{"class":3166,"line":3383},[3164,3988,3989],{},"        Реальна, але спрощена реалізація\n",[3164,3991,3992],{"class":3166,"line":3388},[3164,3993,3994],{},"        Наприклад: InMemoryDatabase\n",[3164,3996,3997],{"class":3166,"line":3394},[3164,3998,3429],{},[3164,4000,4001],{"class":3166,"line":3426},[3164,4002,4003],{},"    class Spy {\n",[3164,4005,4006],{"class":3166,"line":3432},[3164,4007,4008],{},"        Записує виклики\n",[3164,4010,4011],{"class":3166,"line":3797},[3164,4012,4013],{},"        Делегує реальному об'єкту\n",[3164,4015,4016],{"class":3166,"line":3803},[3164,4017,3429],{},[3164,4019,4020],{"class":3166,"line":3817},[3164,4021,4022],{},"    class Mock {\n",[3164,4024,4025],{"class":3166,"line":3846},[3164,4026,4027],{},"        Верифікує взаємодію\n",[3164,4029,4030],{"class":3166,"line":3857},[3164,4031,4032],{},"        Запрограмовані очікування\n",[3164,4034,4035],{"class":3166,"line":3863},[3164,4036,3429],{},[3164,4038,4039],{"class":3166,"line":3868},[3164,4040,3350],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3349},[3164,4042,4044],{"class":3166,"line":4043},27,[3164,4045,4046],{},"    TestDouble \u003C|-- Dummy\n",[3164,4048,4050],{"class":3166,"line":4049},28,[3164,4051,4052],{},"    TestDouble \u003C|-- Stub\n",[3164,4054,4056],{"class":3166,"line":4055},29,[3164,4057,4058],{},"    TestDouble \u003C|-- Fake\n",[3164,4060,4062],{"class":3166,"line":4061},30,[3164,4063,4064],{},"    TestDouble \u003C|-- Spy\n",[3164,4066,4068],{"class":3166,"line":4067},31,[3164,4069,4070],{},"    TestDouble \u003C|-- Mock\n",[3036,4072,4074],{"id":4073},"dummy-манекен","Dummy (Манекен)",[2965,4076,4077,4080,4081,4084],{},[2969,4078,4079],{},"Що це:"," Об'єкт, що передається як аргумент, але ",[2969,4082,4083],{},"ніколи не використовується"," у ході тесту. Він потрібен лише щоб заповнити сигнатуру методу або конструктора.",[2965,4086,4087,4090],{},[2969,4088,4089],{},"Коли використовувати:"," Коли метод або клас вимагає аргументу, але даний тест не перевіряє функціональність, що пов'язана з цим аргументом.",[2965,4092,4093],{},[2969,4094,4095],{},"Приклад:",[3155,4097,4099],{"className":3157,"code":4098,"language":3159,"meta":3160,"style":3160},"// Метод вимагає ILogger, але наш тест логування не перевіряє\npublic class OrderServiceTests\n{\n    [Fact]\n    public void CalculateTotal_WithSingleItem_ReturnsCorrectTotal()\n    {\n        // Dummy: ILogger потрібен конструктору, але не потрібен для цього тесту\n        var dummyLogger = new NullLogger\u003COrderService>();\n\n        var service = new OrderService(dummyLogger);\n        var items = new[] { new OrderItem { Price = 50m, Quantity = 2 } };\n\n        var result = service.CalculateTotal(items);\n\n        Assert.Equal(100m, result);\n    }\n}\n",[3103,4100,4101,4106,4115,4119,4127,4138,4142,4147,4168,4172,4193,4234,4238,4262,4266,4285,4289],{"__ignoreMap":3160},[3164,4102,4103],{"class":3166,"line":3167},[3164,4104,4105],{"class":3170},"// Метод вимагає ILogger, але наш тест логування не перевіряє\n",[3164,4107,4108,4110,4112],{"class":3166,"line":3174},[3164,4109,3178],{"class":3177},[3164,4111,3181],{"class":3177},[3164,4113,4114],{"class":3184}," OrderServiceTests\n",[3164,4116,4117],{"class":3166,"line":3188},[3164,4118,3192],{"class":3191},[3164,4120,4121,4123,4125],{"class":3166,"line":3195},[3164,4122,3198],{"class":3191},[3164,4124,3201],{"class":3184},[3164,4126,3204],{"class":3191},[3164,4128,4129,4131,4133,4136],{"class":3166,"line":3207},[3164,4130,3210],{"class":3177},[3164,4132,3213],{"class":3177},[3164,4134,4135],{"class":3216}," CalculateTotal_WithSingleItem_ReturnsCorrectTotal",[3164,4137,3220],{"class":3191},[3164,4139,4140],{"class":3166,"line":3223},[3164,4141,3226],{"class":3191},[3164,4143,4144],{"class":3166,"line":3229},[3164,4145,4146],{"class":3170},"        // Dummy: ILogger потрібен конструктору, але не потрібен для цього тесту\n",[3164,4148,4149,4151,4154,4156,4158,4161,4163,4165],{"class":3166,"line":3235},[3164,4150,3238],{"class":3177},[3164,4152,4153],{"class":3241}," dummyLogger",[3164,4155,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,4157,3248],{"class":3177},[3164,4159,4160],{"class":3184}," NullLogger",[3164,4162,3610],{"class":3191},[3164,4164,3105],{"class":3184},[3164,4166,4167],{"class":3191},">();\n",[3164,4169,4170],{"class":3166,"line":3260},[3164,4171,3350],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3349},[3164,4173,4174,4176,4179,4181,4183,4186,4188,4191],{"class":3166,"line":3284},[3164,4175,3238],{"class":3177},[3164,4177,4178],{"class":3241}," service",[3164,4180,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,4182,3248],{"class":3177},[3164,4184,4185],{"class":3184}," OrderService",[3164,4187,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,4189,4190],{"class":3241},"dummyLogger",[3164,4192,3281],{"class":3191},[3164,4194,4195,4197,4200,4202,4204,4207,4209,4212,4214,4216,4218,4221,4223,4226,4228,4231],{"class":3166,"line":3318},[3164,4196,3238],{"class":3177},[3164,4198,4199],{"class":3241}," items",[3164,4201,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,4203,3248],{"class":3177},[3164,4205,4206],{"class":3191},"[] { ",[3164,4208,3248],{"class":3177},[3164,4210,4211],{"class":3184}," OrderItem",[3164,4213,3299],{"class":3191},[3164,4215,3335],{"class":3241},[3164,4217,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,4219,4220],{"class":3340},"50m",[3164,4222,3375],{"class":3191},[3164,4224,4225],{"class":3241},"Quantity",[3164,4227,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,4229,4230],{"class":3340},"2",[3164,4232,4233],{"class":3191}," } };\n",[3164,4235,4236],{"class":3166,"line":3346},[3164,4237,3350],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3349},[3164,4239,4240,4242,4245,4247,4250,4252,4255,4257,4260],{"class":3166,"line":3353},[3164,4241,3238],{"class":3177},[3164,4243,4244],{"class":3241}," result",[3164,4246,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,4248,4249],{"class":3241},"service",[3164,4251,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,4253,4254],{"class":3216},"CalculateTotal",[3164,4256,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,4258,4259],{"class":3241},"items",[3164,4261,3281],{"class":3191},[3164,4263,4264],{"class":3166,"line":3359},[3164,4265,3350],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3349},[3164,4267,4268,4270,4272,4274,4276,4278,4280,4283],{"class":3166,"line":3383},[3164,4269,3397],{"class":3241},[3164,4271,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,4273,3402],{"class":3216},[3164,4275,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,4277,3341],{"class":3340},[3164,4279,3375],{"class":3191},[3164,4281,4282],{"class":3241},"result",[3164,4284,3281],{"class":3191},[3164,4286,4287],{"class":3166,"line":3388},[3164,4288,3429],{"class":3191},[3164,4290,4291],{"class":3166,"line":3394},[3164,4292,3435],{"class":3191},[2965,4294,4295,4298,4299,4302,4303,2982],{},[3103,4296,4297],{},"NullLogger\u003CT>"," з пакету ",[3103,4300,4301],{},"Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Abstractions"," — це канонічний Dummy для логерів у .NET. Він нічого не робить — просто виконує контракт ",[3103,4304,4305],{},"ILogger",[2965,4307,4308,4311],{},[2969,4309,4310],{},"Ключова ознака Dummy:"," він ніколи не повертає значень, що мають значення для тесту, і ніколи не перевіряється.",[3029,4313],{},[3036,4315,4317],{"id":4316},"stub-заглушка","Stub (Заглушка)",[2965,4319,4320,4322,4323,4326],{},[2969,4321,4079],{}," Об'єкт, що ",[2969,4324,4325],{},"повертає заздалегідь підготовлені відповіді"," на виклики. Він не виконує реальну логіку — лише відповідає на запити з фіксованими даними.",[2965,4328,4329,4331],{},[2969,4330,4089],{}," Коли тестований клас запитує дані у залежності, і нам потрібно контролювати, які дані він отримає. Головна мета — ізолювати тестований клас від зовнішніх даних.",[2965,4333,4334,4337,4338,4341],{},[2969,4335,4336],{},"Різниця з Mock:"," Stub ",[2969,4339,4340],{},"ніколи не верифікується"," — ми не перевіряємо, скільки разів його викликали або з якими аргументами. Це просто постачальник даних.",[2965,4343,4344],{},[2969,4345,4095],{},[3155,4347,4349],{"className":3157,"code":4348,"language":3159,"meta":3160,"style":3160},"public class WeatherServiceTests\n{\n    [Fact]\n    public void GetTemperatureAlert_WhenTemperatureAbove35_ReturnsDangerAlert()\n    {\n        // Stub: повертає фіксовані дані незалежно від аргументів\n        var weatherApiStub = new Mock\u003CIWeatherApi>();\n        weatherApiStub\n            .Setup(x => x.GetCurrentTemperature(\"Kyiv\"))\n            .Returns(38.5); // завжди повертає 38.5\n\n        var service = new WeatherService(weatherApiStub.Object);\n\n        var alert = service.GetTemperatureAlert(\"Kyiv\");\n\n        Assert.Equal(AlertLevel.Danger, alert.Level);\n        // Ми НЕ перевіряємо скільки разів викликався GetCurrentTemperature\n    }\n}\n",[3103,4350,4351,4360,4364,4372,4383,4387,4392,4412,4417,4444,4460,4464,4488,4492,4514,4518,4548,4553,4557],{"__ignoreMap":3160},[3164,4352,4353,4355,4357],{"class":3166,"line":3167},[3164,4354,3178],{"class":3177},[3164,4356,3181],{"class":3177},[3164,4358,4359],{"class":3184}," WeatherServiceTests\n",[3164,4361,4362],{"class":3166,"line":3174},[3164,4363,3192],{"class":3191},[3164,4365,4366,4368,4370],{"class":3166,"line":3188},[3164,4367,3198],{"class":3191},[3164,4369,3201],{"class":3184},[3164,4371,3204],{"class":3191},[3164,4373,4374,4376,4378,4381],{"class":3166,"line":3195},[3164,4375,3210],{"class":3177},[3164,4377,3213],{"class":3177},[3164,4379,4380],{"class":3216}," GetTemperatureAlert_WhenTemperatureAbove35_ReturnsDangerAlert",[3164,4382,3220],{"class":3191},[3164,4384,4385],{"class":3166,"line":3207},[3164,4386,3226],{"class":3191},[3164,4388,4389],{"class":3166,"line":3223},[3164,4390,4391],{"class":3170},"        // Stub: повертає фіксовані дані незалежно від аргументів\n",[3164,4393,4394,4396,4399,4401,4403,4405,4407,4410],{"class":3166,"line":3229},[3164,4395,3238],{"class":3177},[3164,4397,4398],{"class":3241}," weatherApiStub",[3164,4400,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,4402,3248],{"class":3177},[3164,4404,3607],{"class":3184},[3164,4406,3610],{"class":3191},[3164,4408,4409],{"class":3184},"IWeatherApi",[3164,4411,4167],{"class":3191},[3164,4413,4414],{"class":3166,"line":3235},[3164,4415,4416],{"class":3241},"        weatherApiStub\n",[3164,4418,4419,4421,4423,4425,4427,4429,4431,4433,4436,4438,4442],{"class":3166,"line":3260},[3164,4420,3629],{"class":3191},[3164,4422,3632],{"class":3216},[3164,4424,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,4426,3637],{"class":3241},[3164,4428,3640],{"class":3191},[3164,4430,3637],{"class":3241},[3164,4432,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,4434,4435],{"class":3216},"GetCurrentTemperature",[3164,4437,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,4439,4441],{"class":4440},"sbdoH","\"Kyiv\"",[3164,4443,3674],{"class":3191},[3164,4445,4446,4448,4450,4452,4455,4457],{"class":3166,"line":3284},[3164,4447,3629],{"class":3191},[3164,4449,3681],{"class":3216},[3164,4451,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,4453,4454],{"class":3340},"38.5",[3164,4456,3420],{"class":3191},[3164,4458,4459],{"class":3170},"// завжди повертає 38.5\n",[3164,4461,4462],{"class":3166,"line":3318},[3164,4463,3350],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3349},[3164,4465,4466,4468,4470,4472,4474,4477,4479,4482,4484,4486],{"class":3166,"line":3346},[3164,4467,3238],{"class":3177},[3164,4469,4178],{"class":3241},[3164,4471,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,4473,3248],{"class":3177},[3164,4475,4476],{"class":3184}," WeatherService",[3164,4478,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,4480,4481],{"class":3241},"weatherApiStub",[3164,4483,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,4485,3714],{"class":3241},[3164,4487,3281],{"class":3191},[3164,4489,4490],{"class":3166,"line":3353},[3164,4491,3350],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3349},[3164,4493,4494,4496,4499,4501,4503,4505,4508,4510,4512],{"class":3166,"line":3359},[3164,4495,3238],{"class":3177},[3164,4497,4498],{"class":3241}," alert",[3164,4500,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,4502,4249],{"class":3241},[3164,4504,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,4506,4507],{"class":3216},"GetTemperatureAlert",[3164,4509,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,4511,4441],{"class":4440},[3164,4513,3281],{"class":3191},[3164,4515,4516],{"class":3166,"line":3383},[3164,4517,3350],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3349},[3164,4519,4520,4522,4524,4526,4528,4531,4533,4536,4538,4541,4543,4546],{"class":3166,"line":3388},[3164,4521,3397],{"class":3241},[3164,4523,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,4525,3402],{"class":3216},[3164,4527,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,4529,4530],{"class":3241},"AlertLevel",[3164,4532,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,4534,4535],{"class":3241},"Danger",[3164,4537,3375],{"class":3191},[3164,4539,4540],{"class":3241},"alert",[3164,4542,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,4544,4545],{"class":3241},"Level",[3164,4547,3281],{"class":3191},[3164,4549,4550],{"class":3166,"line":3394},[3164,4551,4552],{"class":3170},"        // Ми НЕ перевіряємо скільки разів викликався GetCurrentTemperature\n",[3164,4554,4555],{"class":3166,"line":3426},[3164,4556,3429],{"class":3191},[3164,4558,4559],{"class":3166,"line":3432},[3164,4560,3435],{"class":3191},[2965,4562,4563,4564,4566,4567,4569,4570,4572],{},"У цьому прикладі ",[3103,4565,4481],{}," — Stub. Нас цікавить лише результат ",[3103,4568,4507],{}," при певній температурі. Скільки разів викликається ",[3103,4571,4435],{}," — неважливо.",[2965,4574,4575,4578],{},[2969,4576,4577],{},"Ключова ознака Stub:"," підготовлені відповіді, відсутність верифікації викликів.",[3029,4580],{},[3036,4582,4584],{"id":4583},"fake-підробка","Fake (Підробка)",[2965,4586,4587,4589,4590,4593],{},[2969,4588,4079],{}," Об'єкт з ",[2969,4591,4592],{},"реальною спрощеною реалізацією"," функціональності, але не придатною для production. Fake містить власну логіку — це не просто \"повернути фіксоване значення\", але й не реальна реалізація з усіма деталями.",[2965,4595,4596,4598],{},[2969,4597,4089],{}," Коли реальна реалізація занадто важка (потребує БД, мережі), але мок-версія занадто спрощена і не відображає реальну поведінку.",[2965,4600,4601],{},[2969,4602,4603],{},"Класичні приклади:",[2998,4605,4606,4612,4618],{},[3001,4607,4608,4611],{},[3103,4609,4610],{},"InMemoryRepository\u003CT>"," — зберігає дані в колекції в пам'яті, а не в БД",[3001,4613,4614,4617],{},[3103,4615,4616],{},"FakeEmailSender"," — записує листи в список замість відправки",[3001,4619,4620,4623],{},[3103,4621,4622],{},"FakePaymentGateway"," — симулює успішні/неуспішні платежі за певними правилами",[2965,4625,4626],{},[2969,4627,4095],{},[3155,4629,4631],{"className":3157,"code":4630,"language":3159,"meta":3160,"style":3160},"// Fake: реальна логіка, але без реальної бази даних\npublic class InMemoryUserRepository : IUserRepository\n{\n    private readonly List\u003CUser> _users = new();\n\n    public async Task\u003CUser?> GetByIdAsync(Guid id)\n        => _users.FirstOrDefault(u => u.Id == id);\n\n    public async Task AddAsync(User user)\n    {\n        if (_users.Any(u => u.Id == user.Id))\n            throw new InvalidOperationException(\"User already exists\");\n        _users.Add(user);\n    }\n\n    public async Task\u003CIEnumerable\u003CUser>> GetAllAsync()\n        => _users.AsReadOnly();\n}\n\n// Використання у тесті\npublic class UserServiceTests\n{\n    [Fact]\n    public async Task RegisterUser_WithExistingEmail_ThrowsException()\n    {\n        var fakeRepo = new InMemoryUserRepository(); // Fake\n        var service = new UserService(fakeRepo);\n        await service.RegisterAsync(\"test@example.com\", \"password\");\n\n        // Fake перевірить дублювання — так само як реальний репозиторій\n        await Assert.ThrowsAsync\u003CDuplicateEmailException>(\n            () => service.RegisterAsync(\"test@example.com\", \"other\")\n        );\n    }\n}\n",[3103,4632,4633,4638,4653,4657,4686,4690,4721,4755,4759,4778,4782,4820,4838,4854,4858,4862,4887,4900,4904,4908,4913,4922,4926,4934,4947,4951,4969,4989,5013,5017,5022,5042,5065,5070,5075],{"__ignoreMap":3160},[3164,4634,4635],{"class":3166,"line":3167},[3164,4636,4637],{"class":3170},"// Fake: реальна логіка, але без реальної бази даних\n",[3164,4639,4640,4642,4644,4647,4650],{"class":3166,"line":3174},[3164,4641,3178],{"class":3177},[3164,4643,3181],{"class":3177},[3164,4645,4646],{"class":3184}," InMemoryUserRepository",[3164,4648,4649],{"class":3191}," : ",[3164,4651,4652],{"class":3184},"IUserRepository\n",[3164,4654,4655],{"class":3166,"line":3188},[3164,4656,3192],{"class":3191},[3164,4658,4659,4662,4665,4668,4670,4673,4676,4679,4681,4683],{"class":3166,"line":3195},[3164,4660,4661],{"class":3177},"    private",[3164,4663,4664],{"class":3177}," readonly",[3164,4666,4667],{"class":3184}," List",[3164,4669,3610],{"class":3191},[3164,4671,4672],{"class":3184},"User",[3164,4674,4675],{"class":3191},"> ",[3164,4677,4678],{"class":3241},"_users",[3164,4680,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,4682,3248],{"class":3177},[3164,4684,4685],{"class":3191},"();\n",[3164,4687,4688],{"class":3166,"line":3207},[3164,4689,3350],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3349},[3164,4691,4692,4694,4697,4700,4702,4704,4707,4710,4712,4715,4718],{"class":3166,"line":3223},[3164,4693,3210],{"class":3177},[3164,4695,4696],{"class":3177}," async",[3164,4698,4699],{"class":3184}," Task",[3164,4701,3610],{"class":3191},[3164,4703,4672],{"class":3184},[3164,4705,4706],{"class":3191},"?> ",[3164,4708,4709],{"class":3216},"GetByIdAsync",[3164,4711,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,4713,4714],{"class":3184},"Guid",[3164,4716,4717],{"class":3241}," id",[3164,4719,4720],{"class":3191},")\n",[3164,4722,4723,4726,4728,4730,4733,4735,4738,4740,4742,4744,4747,4750,4753],{"class":3166,"line":3229},[3164,4724,4725],{"class":3191},"        => ",[3164,4727,4678],{"class":3241},[3164,4729,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,4731,4732],{"class":3216},"FirstOrDefault",[3164,4734,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,4736,4737],{"class":3241},"u",[3164,4739,3640],{"class":3191},[3164,4741,4737],{"class":3241},[3164,4743,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,4745,4746],{"class":3241},"Id",[3164,4748,4749],{"class":3191}," == ",[3164,4751,4752],{"class":3241},"id",[3164,4754,3281],{"class":3191},[3164,4756,4757],{"class":3166,"line":3235},[3164,4758,3350],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3349},[3164,4760,4761,4763,4765,4767,4770,4772,4774,4776],{"class":3166,"line":3260},[3164,4762,3210],{"class":3177},[3164,4764,4696],{"class":3177},[3164,4766,4699],{"class":3184},[3164,4768,4769],{"class":3216}," AddAsync",[3164,4771,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,4773,4672],{"class":3184},[3164,4775,3289],{"class":3241},[3164,4777,4720],{"class":3191},[3164,4779,4780],{"class":3166,"line":3284},[3164,4781,3226],{"class":3191},[3164,4783,4784,4788,4791,4793,4795,4798,4800,4802,4804,4806,4808,4810,4812,4814,4816,4818],{"class":3166,"line":3318},[3164,4785,4787],{"class":4786},"sCDza","        if",[3164,4789,4790],{"class":3191}," (",[3164,4792,4678],{"class":3241},[3164,4794,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,4796,4797],{"class":3216},"Any",[3164,4799,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,4801,4737],{"class":3241},[3164,4803,3640],{"class":3191},[3164,4805,4737],{"class":3241},[3164,4807,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,4809,4746],{"class":3241},[3164,4811,4749],{"class":3191},[3164,4813,3378],{"class":3241},[3164,4815,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,4817,4746],{"class":3241},[3164,4819,3674],{"class":3191},[3164,4821,4822,4825,4828,4831,4833,4836],{"class":3166,"line":3346},[3164,4823,4824],{"class":4786},"            throw",[3164,4826,4827],{"class":3177}," new",[3164,4829,4830],{"class":3184}," InvalidOperationException",[3164,4832,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,4834,4835],{"class":4440},"\"User already exists\"",[3164,4837,3281],{"class":3191},[3164,4839,4840,4843,4845,4848,4850,4852],{"class":3166,"line":3353},[3164,4841,4842],{"class":3241},"        _users",[3164,4844,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,4846,4847],{"class":3216},"Add",[3164,4849,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,4851,3378],{"class":3241},[3164,4853,3281],{"class":3191},[3164,4855,4856],{"class":3166,"line":3359},[3164,4857,3429],{"class":3191},[3164,4859,4860],{"class":3166,"line":3383},[3164,4861,3350],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3349},[3164,4863,4864,4866,4868,4870,4872,4875,4877,4879,4882,4885],{"class":3166,"line":3388},[3164,4865,3210],{"class":3177},[3164,4867,4696],{"class":3177},[3164,4869,4699],{"class":3184},[3164,4871,3610],{"class":3191},[3164,4873,4874],{"class":3184},"IEnumerable",[3164,4876,3610],{"class":3191},[3164,4878,4672],{"class":3184},[3164,4880,4881],{"class":3191},">> ",[3164,4883,4884],{"class":3216},"GetAllAsync",[3164,4886,3220],{"class":3191},[3164,4888,4889,4891,4893,4895,4898],{"class":3166,"line":3394},[3164,4890,4725],{"class":3191},[3164,4892,4678],{"class":3241},[3164,4894,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,4896,4897],{"class":3216},"AsReadOnly",[3164,4899,4685],{"class":3191},[3164,4901,4902],{"class":3166,"line":3426},[3164,4903,3435],{"class":3191},[3164,4905,4906],{"class":3166,"line":3432},[3164,4907,3350],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3349},[3164,4909,4910],{"class":3166,"line":3797},[3164,4911,4912],{"class":3170},"// Використання у тесті\n",[3164,4914,4915,4917,4919],{"class":3166,"line":3803},[3164,4916,3178],{"class":3177},[3164,4918,3181],{"class":3177},[3164,4920,4921],{"class":3184}," UserServiceTests\n",[3164,4923,4924],{"class":3166,"line":3817},[3164,4925,3192],{"class":3191},[3164,4927,4928,4930,4932],{"class":3166,"line":3846},[3164,4929,3198],{"class":3191},[3164,4931,3201],{"class":3184},[3164,4933,3204],{"class":3191},[3164,4935,4936,4938,4940,4942,4945],{"class":3166,"line":3857},[3164,4937,3210],{"class":3177},[3164,4939,4696],{"class":3177},[3164,4941,4699],{"class":3184},[3164,4943,4944],{"class":3216}," RegisterUser_WithExistingEmail_ThrowsException",[3164,4946,3220],{"class":3191},[3164,4948,4949],{"class":3166,"line":3863},[3164,4950,3226],{"class":3191},[3164,4952,4953,4955,4958,4960,4962,4964,4966],{"class":3166,"line":3868},[3164,4954,3238],{"class":3177},[3164,4956,4957],{"class":3241}," fakeRepo",[3164,4959,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,4961,3248],{"class":3177},[3164,4963,4646],{"class":3184},[3164,4965,3254],{"class":3191},[3164,4967,4968],{"class":3170},"// Fake\n",[3164,4970,4971,4973,4975,4977,4979,4982,4984,4987],{"class":3166,"line":4043},[3164,4972,3238],{"class":3177},[3164,4974,4178],{"class":3241},[3164,4976,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,4978,3248],{"class":3177},[3164,4980,4981],{"class":3184}," UserService",[3164,4983,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,4985,4986],{"class":3241},"fakeRepo",[3164,4988,3281],{"class":3191},[3164,4990,4991,4994,4996,4998,5001,5003,5006,5008,5011],{"class":3166,"line":4049},[3164,4992,4993],{"class":3177},"        await",[3164,4995,4178],{"class":3241},[3164,4997,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,4999,5000],{"class":3216},"RegisterAsync",[3164,5002,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,5004,5005],{"class":4440},"\"test@example.com\"",[3164,5007,3375],{"class":3191},[3164,5009,5010],{"class":4440},"\"password\"",[3164,5012,3281],{"class":3191},[3164,5014,5015],{"class":3166,"line":4055},[3164,5016,3350],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3349},[3164,5018,5019],{"class":3166,"line":4061},[3164,5020,5021],{"class":3170},"        // Fake перевірить дублювання — так само як реальний репозиторій\n",[3164,5023,5024,5026,5029,5031,5034,5036,5039],{"class":3166,"line":4067},[3164,5025,4993],{"class":3177},[3164,5027,5028],{"class":3241}," Assert",[3164,5030,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,5032,5033],{"class":3216},"ThrowsAsync",[3164,5035,3610],{"class":3191},[3164,5037,5038],{"class":3184},"DuplicateEmailException",[3164,5040,5041],{"class":3191},">(\n",[3164,5043,5045,5048,5050,5052,5054,5056,5058,5060,5063],{"class":3166,"line":5044},32,[3164,5046,5047],{"class":3191},"            () => ",[3164,5049,4249],{"class":3241},[3164,5051,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,5053,5000],{"class":3216},[3164,5055,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,5057,5005],{"class":4440},[3164,5059,3375],{"class":3191},[3164,5061,5062],{"class":4440},"\"other\"",[3164,5064,4720],{"class":3191},[3164,5066,5068],{"class":3166,"line":5067},33,[3164,5069,3860],{"class":3191},[3164,5071,5073],{"class":3166,"line":5072},34,[3164,5074,3429],{"class":3191},[3164,5076,5078],{"class":3166,"line":5077},35,[3164,5079,3435],{"class":3191},[2965,5081,3438,5082,5085,5086,5089],{},[3103,5083,5084],{},"InMemoryUserRepository"," містить ",[2969,5087,5088],{},"реальну логіку перевірки дублікатів"," — це не просто \"повернути null\". Саме це відрізняє Fake від Stub.",[2965,5091,5092,5093,5096],{},"Fake — улюблений інструмент ",[2969,5094,5095],{},"Детройтської школи",": він дозволяє тестувати з реальною поведінкою залежностей, не підіймаючи реальну БД.",[2965,5098,5099,5102],{},[2969,5100,5101],{},"Ключова ознака Fake:"," має власну реальну логіку, але спрощену. Не придатний для production (немає persistence, немає транзакцій тощо).",[3029,5104],{},[3036,5106,5108],{"id":5107},"spy-шпигун","Spy (Шпигун)",[2965,5110,5111,4322,5113,5116,5117,5120],{},[2969,5112,4079],{},[2969,5114,5115],{},"записує свої взаємодії"," (які методи та з якими аргументами викликались), але при цьому ",[2969,5118,5119],{},"делегує виклики реальній реалізації",". Це \"обгортка\" навколо реального об'єкта з додатковим записом взаємодій.",[2965,5122,5123,5125],{},[2969,5124,4089],{}," Коли потрібна реальна поведінка залежності, але також потрібно верифікувати, що взаємодія відбулась. Spy — це гібрид між реальним об'єктом та Mock.",[2965,5127,5128],{},[2969,5129,4095],{},[3155,5131,5133],{"className":3157,"code":5132,"language":3159,"meta":3160,"style":3160},"// Spy через Moq: CallBase = true означає \"делегуй реальній реалізації\"\npublic class AuditLogServiceTests\n{\n    [Fact]\n    public void ProcessOrder_Always_LogsAuditEvent()\n    {\n        // Spy: викликає реальний метод, але записує виклики\n        var spyAuditLog = new Mock\u003CIAuditLogService> { CallBase = true };\n\n        var orderProcessor = new OrderProcessor(spyAuditLog.Object);\n        orderProcessor.Process(new Order());\n\n        // Верифікуємо, що метод БУЛО викликано\n        spyAuditLog.Verify(x => x.Log(It.IsAny\u003CAuditEvent>()), Times.Once);\n    }\n}\n",[3103,5134,5135,5140,5149,5153,5161,5172,5176,5181,5212,5216,5241,5261,5265,5270,5318,5322],{"__ignoreMap":3160},[3164,5136,5137],{"class":3166,"line":3167},[3164,5138,5139],{"class":3170},"// Spy через Moq: CallBase = true означає \"делегуй реальній реалізації\"\n",[3164,5141,5142,5144,5146],{"class":3166,"line":3174},[3164,5143,3178],{"class":3177},[3164,5145,3181],{"class":3177},[3164,5147,5148],{"class":3184}," AuditLogServiceTests\n",[3164,5150,5151],{"class":3166,"line":3188},[3164,5152,3192],{"class":3191},[3164,5154,5155,5157,5159],{"class":3166,"line":3195},[3164,5156,3198],{"class":3191},[3164,5158,3201],{"class":3184},[3164,5160,3204],{"class":3191},[3164,5162,5163,5165,5167,5170],{"class":3166,"line":3207},[3164,5164,3210],{"class":3177},[3164,5166,3213],{"class":3177},[3164,5168,5169],{"class":3216}," ProcessOrder_Always_LogsAuditEvent",[3164,5171,3220],{"class":3191},[3164,5173,5174],{"class":3166,"line":3223},[3164,5175,3226],{"class":3191},[3164,5177,5178],{"class":3166,"line":3229},[3164,5179,5180],{"class":3170},"        // Spy: викликає реальний метод, але записує виклики\n",[3164,5182,5183,5185,5188,5190,5192,5194,5196,5199,5202,5205,5207,5210],{"class":3166,"line":3235},[3164,5184,3238],{"class":3177},[3164,5186,5187],{"class":3241}," spyAuditLog",[3164,5189,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,5191,3248],{"class":3177},[3164,5193,3607],{"class":3184},[3164,5195,3610],{"class":3191},[3164,5197,5198],{"class":3184},"IAuditLogService",[3164,5200,5201],{"class":3191},"> { ",[3164,5203,5204],{"class":3241},"CallBase",[3164,5206,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,5208,5209],{"class":3177},"true",[3164,5211,3315],{"class":3191},[3164,5213,5214],{"class":3166,"line":3260},[3164,5215,3350],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3349},[3164,5217,5218,5220,5223,5225,5227,5230,5232,5235,5237,5239],{"class":3166,"line":3284},[3164,5219,3238],{"class":3177},[3164,5221,5222],{"class":3241}," orderProcessor",[3164,5224,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,5226,3248],{"class":3177},[3164,5228,5229],{"class":3184}," OrderProcessor",[3164,5231,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,5233,5234],{"class":3241},"spyAuditLog",[3164,5236,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,5238,3714],{"class":3241},[3164,5240,3281],{"class":3191},[3164,5242,5243,5246,5248,5251,5253,5255,5258],{"class":3166,"line":3318},[3164,5244,5245],{"class":3241},"        orderProcessor",[3164,5247,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,5249,5250],{"class":3216},"Process",[3164,5252,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,5254,3248],{"class":3177},[3164,5256,5257],{"class":3184}," Order",[3164,5259,5260],{"class":3191},"());\n",[3164,5262,5263],{"class":3166,"line":3346},[3164,5264,3350],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3349},[3164,5266,5267],{"class":3166,"line":3353},[3164,5268,5269],{"class":3170},"        // Верифікуємо, що метод БУЛО викликано\n",[3164,5271,5272,5275,5277,5279,5281,5283,5285,5287,5289,5292,5294,5296,5298,5300,5302,5305,5308,5311,5313,5316],{"class":3166,"line":3359},[3164,5273,5274],{"class":3241},"        spyAuditLog",[3164,5276,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,5278,3811],{"class":3216},[3164,5280,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,5282,3637],{"class":3241},[3164,5284,3640],{"class":3191},[3164,5286,3637],{"class":3241},[3164,5288,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,5290,5291],{"class":3216},"Log",[3164,5293,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,5295,3652],{"class":3241},[3164,5297,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,5299,3657],{"class":3216},[3164,5301,3610],{"class":3191},[3164,5303,5304],{"class":3184},"AuditEvent",[3164,5306,5307],{"class":3191},">()), ",[3164,5309,5310],{"class":3241},"Times",[3164,5312,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,5314,5315],{"class":3241},"Once",[3164,5317,3281],{"class":3191},[3164,5319,5320],{"class":3166,"line":3383},[3164,5321,3429],{"class":3191},[3164,5323,5324],{"class":3166,"line":3388},[3164,5325,3435],{"class":3191},[2965,5327,5328,5329,3882,5332,5335,5336,5339],{},"У класичній бібліотеці Moq термін \"Spy\" не використовується явно, але поведінка Spy досягається через ",[3103,5330,5331],{},"Mock\u003CT>",[3103,5333,5334],{},"CallBase = true"," або через спадкування (",[3103,5337,5338],{},"partial mock",").",[2965,5341,5342,5345],{},[2969,5343,5344],{},"Ключова ознака Spy:"," реальна поведінка + запис взаємодій. Поєднує риси реального об'єкта та Mock.",[3029,5347],{},[3036,5349,5351],{"id":5350},"mock-мок-імітатор","Mock (Мок, Імітатор)",[2965,5353,5354,4589,5356,5359,5360,5363],{},[2969,5355,4079],{},[2969,5357,5358],{},"запрограмованими очікуваннями"," щодо того, як він має бути викликаний. Mock ",[2969,5361,5362],{},"верифікує"," після виконання: чи були очікувані методи викликані, скільки разів, з якими аргументами?",[2965,5365,5366,5369],{},[2969,5367,5368],{},"Це і є інструмент Лондонської школи."," Mock центральний для interaction-based testing.",[2965,5371,5372,5375],{},[2969,5373,5374],{},"Відмінність від Stub:"," Stub пасивно постачає дані. Mock активно перевіряє, чи правильно з ним взаємодіяли. Stub — постачальник. Mock — контролер.",[2965,5377,5378],{},[2969,5379,5380],{},"Повний приклад з Moq:",[3155,5382,5384],{"className":3157,"code":5383,"language":3159,"meta":3160,"style":3160},"public class NotificationServiceTests\n{\n    [Fact]\n    public async Task CreateOrder_Always_SendsConfirmationEmail()\n    {\n        // Arrange: Mock з очікуваннями\n        var mockEmailSender = new Mock\u003CIEmailSender>();\n        mockEmailSender\n            .Setup(x => x.SendAsync(\n                It.Is\u003Cstring>(email => email.Contains(\"@\")),\n                \"Order Confirmation\",\n                It.IsAny\u003Cstring>()))\n            .Returns(Task.CompletedTask);\n\n        var orderService = new OrderService(mockEmailSender.Object);\n        var order = new Order { CustomerEmail = \"user@example.com\" };\n\n        // Act\n        await orderService.CreateOrderAsync(order);\n\n        // Assert: верифікуємо ВЗАЄМОДІЮ\n        mockEmailSender.Verify(\n            x => x.SendAsync(\"user@example.com\", \"Order Confirmation\", It.IsAny\u003Cstring>()),\n            Times.Once,\n            \"Email confirmation must be sent exactly once per order\"\n        );\n    }\n\n    [Fact]\n    public async Task CreateOrder_WhenEmailFails_StillCreatesOrder()\n    {\n        // Mock налаштований кидати виключення\n        var mockEmailSender = new Mock\u003CIEmailSender>();\n        mockEmailSender\n            .Setup(x => x.SendAsync(It.IsAny\u003Cstring>(), It.IsAny\u003Cstring>(), It.IsAny\u003Cstring>()))\n            .ThrowsAsync(new SmtpException(\"Connection refused\"));\n\n        var orderService = new OrderService(mockEmailSender.Object);\n\n        // Тест перевіряє resilience бізнес-логіки при помилці email\n        var result = await orderService.CreateOrderAsync(new Order { CustomerEmail = \"u@e.com\" });\n\n        Assert.True(result.IsSuccess);\n        Assert.Contains(\"email_failed\", result.Warnings);\n    }\n}\n",[3103,5385,5386,5395,5399,5407,5420,5424,5429,5449,5454,5475,5513,5521,5536,5554,5558,5582,5607,5611,5615,5633,5637,5642,5653,5689,5699,5704,5708,5712,5716,5724,5737,5741,5746,5764,5768,5824,5846,5851,5874,5879,5885,5921,5926,5947,5972,5977],{"__ignoreMap":3160},[3164,5387,5388,5390,5392],{"class":3166,"line":3167},[3164,5389,3178],{"class":3177},[3164,5391,3181],{"class":3177},[3164,5393,5394],{"class":3184}," NotificationServiceTests\n",[3164,5396,5397],{"class":3166,"line":3174},[3164,5398,3192],{"class":3191},[3164,5400,5401,5403,5405],{"class":3166,"line":3188},[3164,5402,3198],{"class":3191},[3164,5404,3201],{"class":3184},[3164,5406,3204],{"class":3191},[3164,5408,5409,5411,5413,5415,5418],{"class":3166,"line":3195},[3164,5410,3210],{"class":3177},[3164,5412,4696],{"class":3177},[3164,5414,4699],{"class":3184},[3164,5416,5417],{"class":3216}," CreateOrder_Always_SendsConfirmationEmail",[3164,5419,3220],{"class":3191},[3164,5421,5422],{"class":3166,"line":3207},[3164,5423,3226],{"class":3191},[3164,5425,5426],{"class":3166,"line":3223},[3164,5427,5428],{"class":3170},"        // Arrange: Mock з очікуваннями\n",[3164,5430,5431,5433,5436,5438,5440,5442,5444,5447],{"class":3166,"line":3229},[3164,5432,3238],{"class":3177},[3164,5434,5435],{"class":3241}," mockEmailSender",[3164,5437,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,5439,3248],{"class":3177},[3164,5441,3607],{"class":3184},[3164,5443,3610],{"class":3191},[3164,5445,5446],{"class":3184},"IEmailSender",[3164,5448,4167],{"class":3191},[3164,5450,5451],{"class":3166,"line":3235},[3164,5452,5453],{"class":3241},"        mockEmailSender\n",[3164,5455,5456,5458,5460,5462,5464,5466,5468,5470,5473],{"class":3166,"line":3260},[3164,5457,3629],{"class":3191},[3164,5459,3632],{"class":3216},[3164,5461,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,5463,3637],{"class":3241},[3164,5465,3640],{"class":3191},[3164,5467,3637],{"class":3241},[3164,5469,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,5471,5472],{"class":3216},"SendAsync",[3164,5474,3814],{"class":3191},[3164,5476,5477,5480,5482,5485,5487,5490,5493,5496,5498,5500,5502,5505,5507,5510],{"class":3166,"line":3284},[3164,5478,5479],{"class":3241},"                It",[3164,5481,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,5483,5484],{"class":3216},"Is",[3164,5486,3610],{"class":3191},[3164,5488,5489],{"class":3177},"string",[3164,5491,5492],{"class":3191},">(",[3164,5494,5495],{"class":3241},"email",[3164,5497,3640],{"class":3191},[3164,5499,5495],{"class":3241},[3164,5501,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,5503,5504],{"class":3216},"Contains",[3164,5506,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,5508,5509],{"class":4440},"\"@\"",[3164,5511,5512],{"class":3191},")),\n",[3164,5514,5515,5518],{"class":3166,"line":3318},[3164,5516,5517],{"class":4440},"                \"Order Confirmation\"",[3164,5519,5520],{"class":3191},",\n",[3164,5522,5523,5525,5527,5529,5531,5533],{"class":3166,"line":3346},[3164,5524,5479],{"class":3241},[3164,5526,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,5528,3657],{"class":3216},[3164,5530,3610],{"class":3191},[3164,5532,5489],{"class":3177},[3164,5534,5535],{"class":3191},">()))\n",[3164,5537,5538,5540,5542,5544,5547,5549,5552],{"class":3166,"line":3353},[3164,5539,3629],{"class":3191},[3164,5541,3681],{"class":3216},[3164,5543,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,5545,5546],{"class":3241},"Task",[3164,5548,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,5550,5551],{"class":3241},"CompletedTask",[3164,5553,3281],{"class":3191},[3164,5555,5556],{"class":3166,"line":3359},[3164,5557,3350],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3349},[3164,5559,5560,5562,5565,5567,5569,5571,5573,5576,5578,5580],{"class":3166,"line":3383},[3164,5561,3238],{"class":3177},[3164,5563,5564],{"class":3241}," orderService",[3164,5566,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,5568,3248],{"class":3177},[3164,5570,4185],{"class":3184},[3164,5572,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,5574,5575],{"class":3241},"mockEmailSender",[3164,5577,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,5579,3714],{"class":3241},[3164,5581,3281],{"class":3191},[3164,5583,5584,5586,5589,5591,5593,5595,5597,5600,5602,5605],{"class":3166,"line":3388},[3164,5585,3238],{"class":3177},[3164,5587,5588],{"class":3241}," order",[3164,5590,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,5592,3248],{"class":3177},[3164,5594,5257],{"class":3184},[3164,5596,3299],{"class":3191},[3164,5598,5599],{"class":3241},"CustomerEmail",[3164,5601,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,5603,5604],{"class":4440},"\"user@example.com\"",[3164,5606,3315],{"class":3191},[3164,5608,5609],{"class":3166,"line":3394},[3164,5610,3350],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3349},[3164,5612,5613],{"class":3166,"line":3426},[3164,5614,3356],{"class":3170},[3164,5616,5617,5619,5621,5623,5626,5628,5631],{"class":3166,"line":3432},[3164,5618,4993],{"class":3177},[3164,5620,5564],{"class":3241},[3164,5622,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,5624,5625],{"class":3216},"CreateOrderAsync",[3164,5627,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,5629,5630],{"class":3241},"order",[3164,5632,3281],{"class":3191},[3164,5634,5635],{"class":3166,"line":3797},[3164,5636,3350],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3349},[3164,5638,5639],{"class":3166,"line":3803},[3164,5640,5641],{"class":3170},"        // Assert: верифікуємо ВЗАЄМОДІЮ\n",[3164,5643,5644,5647,5649,5651],{"class":3166,"line":3817},[3164,5645,5646],{"class":3241},"        mockEmailSender",[3164,5648,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,5650,3811],{"class":3216},[3164,5652,3814],{"class":3191},[3164,5654,5655,5657,5659,5661,5663,5665,5667,5669,5671,5674,5676,5678,5680,5682,5684,5686],{"class":3166,"line":3846},[3164,5656,3820],{"class":3241},[3164,5658,3640],{"class":3191},[3164,5660,3637],{"class":3241},[3164,5662,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,5664,5472],{"class":3216},[3164,5666,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,5668,5604],{"class":4440},[3164,5670,3375],{"class":3191},[3164,5672,5673],{"class":4440},"\"Order Confirmation\"",[3164,5675,3375],{"class":3191},[3164,5677,3652],{"class":3241},[3164,5679,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,5681,3657],{"class":3216},[3164,5683,3610],{"class":3191},[3164,5685,5489],{"class":3177},[3164,5687,5688],{"class":3191},">()),\n",[3164,5690,5691,5693,5695,5697],{"class":3166,"line":3857},[3164,5692,3849],{"class":3241},[3164,5694,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,5696,5315],{"class":3241},[3164,5698,5520],{"class":3191},[3164,5700,5701],{"class":3166,"line":3863},[3164,5702,5703],{"class":4440},"            \"Email confirmation must be sent exactly once per order\"\n",[3164,5705,5706],{"class":3166,"line":3868},[3164,5707,3860],{"class":3191},[3164,5709,5710],{"class":3166,"line":4043},[3164,5711,3429],{"class":3191},[3164,5713,5714],{"class":3166,"line":4049},[3164,5715,3350],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3349},[3164,5717,5718,5720,5722],{"class":3166,"line":4055},[3164,5719,3198],{"class":3191},[3164,5721,3201],{"class":3184},[3164,5723,3204],{"class":3191},[3164,5725,5726,5728,5730,5732,5735],{"class":3166,"line":4061},[3164,5727,3210],{"class":3177},[3164,5729,4696],{"class":3177},[3164,5731,4699],{"class":3184},[3164,5733,5734],{"class":3216}," CreateOrder_WhenEmailFails_StillCreatesOrder",[3164,5736,3220],{"class":3191},[3164,5738,5739],{"class":3166,"line":4067},[3164,5740,3226],{"class":3191},[3164,5742,5743],{"class":3166,"line":5044},[3164,5744,5745],{"class":3170},"        // Mock налаштований кидати виключення\n",[3164,5747,5748,5750,5752,5754,5756,5758,5760,5762],{"class":3166,"line":5067},[3164,5749,3238],{"class":3177},[3164,5751,5435],{"class":3241},[3164,5753,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,5755,3248],{"class":3177},[3164,5757,3607],{"class":3184},[3164,5759,3610],{"class":3191},[3164,5761,5446],{"class":3184},[3164,5763,4167],{"class":3191},[3164,5765,5766],{"class":3166,"line":5072},[3164,5767,5453],{"class":3241},[3164,5769,5770,5772,5774,5776,5778,5780,5782,5784,5786,5788,5790,5792,5794,5796,5798,5800,5802,5804,5806,5808,5810,5812,5814,5816,5818,5820,5822],{"class":3166,"line":5077},[3164,5771,3629],{"class":3191},[3164,5773,3632],{"class":3216},[3164,5775,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,5777,3637],{"class":3241},[3164,5779,3640],{"class":3191},[3164,5781,3637],{"class":3241},[3164,5783,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,5785,5472],{"class":3216},[3164,5787,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,5789,3652],{"class":3241},[3164,5791,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,5793,3657],{"class":3216},[3164,5795,3610],{"class":3191},[3164,5797,5489],{"class":3177},[3164,5799,3665],{"class":3191},[3164,5801,3652],{"class":3241},[3164,5803,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,5805,3657],{"class":3216},[3164,5807,3610],{"class":3191},[3164,5809,5489],{"class":3177},[3164,5811,3665],{"class":3191},[3164,5813,3652],{"class":3241},[3164,5815,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,5817,3657],{"class":3216},[3164,5819,3610],{"class":3191},[3164,5821,5489],{"class":3177},[3164,5823,5535],{"class":3191},[3164,5825,5827,5829,5831,5833,5835,5838,5840,5843],{"class":3166,"line":5826},36,[3164,5828,3629],{"class":3191},[3164,5830,5033],{"class":3216},[3164,5832,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,5834,3248],{"class":3177},[3164,5836,5837],{"class":3184}," SmtpException",[3164,5839,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,5841,5842],{"class":4440},"\"Connection refused\"",[3164,5844,5845],{"class":3191},"));\n",[3164,5847,5849],{"class":3166,"line":5848},37,[3164,5850,3350],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3349},[3164,5852,5854,5856,5858,5860,5862,5864,5866,5868,5870,5872],{"class":3166,"line":5853},38,[3164,5855,3238],{"class":3177},[3164,5857,5564],{"class":3241},[3164,5859,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,5861,3248],{"class":3177},[3164,5863,4185],{"class":3184},[3164,5865,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,5867,5575],{"class":3241},[3164,5869,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,5871,3714],{"class":3241},[3164,5873,3281],{"class":3191},[3164,5875,5877],{"class":3166,"line":5876},39,[3164,5878,3350],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3349},[3164,5880,5882],{"class":3166,"line":5881},40,[3164,5883,5884],{"class":3170},"        // Тест перевіряє resilience бізнес-логіки при помилці email\n",[3164,5886,5888,5890,5892,5894,5897,5899,5901,5903,5905,5907,5909,5911,5913,5915,5918],{"class":3166,"line":5887},41,[3164,5889,3238],{"class":3177},[3164,5891,4244],{"class":3241},[3164,5893,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,5895,5896],{"class":3177},"await",[3164,5898,5564],{"class":3241},[3164,5900,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,5902,5625],{"class":3216},[3164,5904,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,5906,3248],{"class":3177},[3164,5908,5257],{"class":3184},[3164,5910,3299],{"class":3191},[3164,5912,5599],{"class":3241},[3164,5914,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,5916,5917],{"class":4440},"\"u@e.com\"",[3164,5919,5920],{"class":3191}," });\n",[3164,5922,5924],{"class":3166,"line":5923},42,[3164,5925,3350],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3349},[3164,5927,5929,5931,5933,5936,5938,5940,5942,5945],{"class":3166,"line":5928},43,[3164,5930,3397],{"class":3241},[3164,5932,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,5934,5935],{"class":3216},"True",[3164,5937,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,5939,4282],{"class":3241},[3164,5941,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,5943,5944],{"class":3241},"IsSuccess",[3164,5946,3281],{"class":3191},[3164,5948,5950,5952,5954,5956,5958,5961,5963,5965,5967,5970],{"class":3166,"line":5949},44,[3164,5951,3397],{"class":3241},[3164,5953,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,5955,5504],{"class":3216},[3164,5957,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,5959,5960],{"class":4440},"\"email_failed\"",[3164,5962,3375],{"class":3191},[3164,5964,4282],{"class":3241},[3164,5966,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,5968,5969],{"class":3241},"Warnings",[3164,5971,3281],{"class":3191},[3164,5973,5975],{"class":3166,"line":5974},45,[3164,5976,3429],{"class":3191},[3164,5978,5980],{"class":3166,"line":5979},46,[3164,5981,3435],{"class":3191},[2965,5983,5984,5987],{},[2969,5985,5986],{},"Ключова ознака Mock:"," верифікація взаємодій. Тест провалиться, якщо очікуваний метод не був викликаний (або викликаний неправильно).",[3029,5989],{},[3036,5991,5993],{"id":5992},"зведена-таблиця-test-doubles","Зведена таблиця Test Doubles",[5995,5996,5997,6022],"table",{},[5998,5999,6000],"thead",{},[6001,6002,6003,6007,6010,6013,6016,6019],"tr",{},[6004,6005,6006],"th",{},"Характеристика",[6004,6008,6009],{},"Dummy",[6004,6011,6012],{},"Stub",[6004,6014,6015],{},"Fake",[6004,6017,6018],{},"Spy",[6004,6020,6021],{},"Mock",[6023,6024,6025,6046,6067,6086,6103,6123],"tbody",{},[6001,6026,6027,6033,6036,6039,6042,6044],{},[6028,6029,6030],"td",{},[2969,6031,6032],{},"Власна логіка",[6028,6034,6035],{},"Ні",[6028,6037,6038],{},"Мінімальна",[6028,6040,6041],{},"Так",[6028,6043,6041],{},[6028,6045,6035],{},[6001,6047,6048,6053,6055,6058,6061,6064],{},[6028,6049,6050],{},[2969,6051,6052],{},"Повертає дані",[6028,6054,6035],{},[6028,6056,6057],{},"Завжди",[6028,6059,6060],{},"Залежно від логіки",[6028,6062,6063],{},"Залежно від реал.",[6028,6065,6066],{},"Залежно від Setup",[6001,6068,6069,6074,6076,6079,6081,6084],{},[6028,6070,6071],{},[2969,6072,6073],{},"Верифікується",[6028,6075,6035],{},[6028,6077,6078],{},"Ніколи",[6028,6080,6035],{},[6028,6082,6083],{},"Іноді",[6028,6085,6057],{},[6001,6087,6088,6093,6095,6097,6099,6101],{},[6028,6089,6090],{},[2969,6091,6092],{},"Делегує реальному",[6028,6094,6035],{},[6028,6096,6035],{},[6028,6098,6035],{},[6028,6100,6041],{},[6028,6102,6035],{},[6001,6104,6105,6110,6113,6116,6118,6120],{},[6028,6106,6107],{},[2969,6108,6109],{},"Школа",[6028,6111,6112],{},"Обидві",[6028,6114,6115],{},"Детройт",[6028,6117,6115],{},[6028,6119,6112],{},[6028,6121,6122],{},"Лондон",[6001,6124,6125,6130,6132,6135,6138,6140],{},[6028,6126,6127],{},[2969,6128,6129],{},"Складність",[6028,6131,6038],{},[6028,6133,6134],{},"Низька",[6028,6136,6137],{},"Середня",[6028,6139,6137],{},[6028,6141,6137],{},[6143,6144,6145],"tip",{},"У побутовому спілкуванні \"мок\" часто вживається як загальна назва для будь-якого Test Double. Але при code review або технічній дискусії — важливо використовувати точну термінологію. \"Ми мокуємо репозиторій\" може означати зовсім різні речі залежно від того, що саме ви робите: повертаєте фіксовані дані (Stub) чи перевіряєте виклики (Mock).",[3029,6147],{},[2960,6149,6151],{"id":6150},"state-verification-vs-behaviour-verification","State Verification vs Behaviour Verification",[2965,6153,6154],{},"Це ключова концептуальна відмінність між школами, яку варто розглянути детально.",[3036,6156,6158],{"id":6157},"state-verification-детройт","State Verification (Детройт)",[2965,6160,6161,6164,6165,6168],{},[2969,6162,6163],{},"Принцип:"," Після виконання дії ми перевіряємо ",[2969,6166,6167],{},"стан системи"," — значення полів, return value, стан залежностей.",[3155,6170,6172],{"className":3157,"code":6171,"language":3159,"meta":3160,"style":3160},"// State verification\n[Fact]\npublic void TransferMoney_MovesAmountBetweenAccounts()\n{\n    var sourceAccount = new Account(balance: 1000m);\n    var targetAccount = new Account(balance: 200m);\n\n    var bank = new Bank();\n    bank.Transfer(sourceAccount, targetAccount, amount: 300m);\n\n    // Перевіряємо СТАН після операції\n    Assert.Equal(700m, sourceAccount.Balance);\n    Assert.Equal(500m, targetAccount.Balance);\n}\n",[3103,6173,6174,6179,6188,6199,6203,6231,6255,6259,6275,6307,6311,6316,6341,6364],{"__ignoreMap":3160},[3164,6175,6176],{"class":3166,"line":3167},[3164,6177,6178],{"class":3170},"// State verification\n",[3164,6180,6181,6184,6186],{"class":3166,"line":3174},[3164,6182,6183],{"class":3191},"[",[3164,6185,3201],{"class":3184},[3164,6187,3204],{"class":3191},[3164,6189,6190,6192,6194,6197],{"class":3166,"line":3188},[3164,6191,3178],{"class":3177},[3164,6193,3213],{"class":3177},[3164,6195,6196],{"class":3216}," TransferMoney_MovesAmountBetweenAccounts",[3164,6198,3220],{"class":3191},[3164,6200,6201],{"class":3166,"line":3195},[3164,6202,3192],{"class":3191},[3164,6204,6205,6208,6211,6213,6215,6218,6220,6223,6226,6229],{"class":3166,"line":3207},[3164,6206,6207],{"class":3177},"    var",[3164,6209,6210],{"class":3241}," sourceAccount",[3164,6212,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,6214,3248],{"class":3177},[3164,6216,6217],{"class":3184}," Account",[3164,6219,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,6221,6222],{"class":3241},"balance",[3164,6224,6225],{"class":3191},": ",[3164,6227,6228],{"class":3340},"1000m",[3164,6230,3281],{"class":3191},[3164,6232,6233,6235,6238,6240,6242,6244,6246,6248,6250,6253],{"class":3166,"line":3223},[3164,6234,6207],{"class":3177},[3164,6236,6237],{"class":3241}," targetAccount",[3164,6239,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,6241,3248],{"class":3177},[3164,6243,6217],{"class":3184},[3164,6245,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,6247,6222],{"class":3241},[3164,6249,6225],{"class":3191},[3164,6251,6252],{"class":3340},"200m",[3164,6254,3281],{"class":3191},[3164,6256,6257],{"class":3166,"line":3229},[3164,6258,3350],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3349},[3164,6260,6261,6263,6266,6268,6270,6273],{"class":3166,"line":3235},[3164,6262,6207],{"class":3177},[3164,6264,6265],{"class":3241}," bank",[3164,6267,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,6269,3248],{"class":3177},[3164,6271,6272],{"class":3184}," Bank",[3164,6274,4685],{"class":3191},[3164,6276,6277,6280,6282,6285,6287,6290,6292,6295,6297,6300,6302,6305],{"class":3166,"line":3260},[3164,6278,6279],{"class":3241},"    bank",[3164,6281,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,6283,6284],{"class":3216},"Transfer",[3164,6286,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,6288,6289],{"class":3241},"sourceAccount",[3164,6291,3375],{"class":3191},[3164,6293,6294],{"class":3241},"targetAccount",[3164,6296,3375],{"class":3191},[3164,6298,6299],{"class":3241},"amount",[3164,6301,6225],{"class":3191},[3164,6303,6304],{"class":3340},"300m",[3164,6306,3281],{"class":3191},[3164,6308,6309],{"class":3166,"line":3284},[3164,6310,3350],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3349},[3164,6312,6313],{"class":3166,"line":3318},[3164,6314,6315],{"class":3170},"    // Перевіряємо СТАН після операції\n",[3164,6317,6318,6321,6323,6325,6327,6330,6332,6334,6336,6339],{"class":3166,"line":3346},[3164,6319,6320],{"class":3241},"    Assert",[3164,6322,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,6324,3402],{"class":3216},[3164,6326,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,6328,6329],{"class":3340},"700m",[3164,6331,3375],{"class":3191},[3164,6333,6289],{"class":3241},[3164,6335,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,6337,6338],{"class":3241},"Balance",[3164,6340,3281],{"class":3191},[3164,6342,6343,6345,6347,6349,6351,6354,6356,6358,6360,6362],{"class":3166,"line":3353},[3164,6344,6320],{"class":3241},[3164,6346,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,6348,3402],{"class":3216},[3164,6350,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,6352,6353],{"class":3340},"500m",[3164,6355,3375],{"class":3191},[3164,6357,6294],{"class":3241},[3164,6359,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,6361,6338],{"class":3241},[3164,6363,3281],{"class":3191},[3164,6365,6366],{"class":3166,"line":3359},[3164,6367,3435],{"class":3191},[2965,6369,6370,6371,6374,6375,6378],{},"Чому це краще для цього сценарію? Бо нас цікавить ",[2969,6372,6373],{},"бізнес-результат"," — правильне переміщення грошей. Як саме ",[3103,6376,6377],{},"Bank.Transfer()"," реалізовано всередині — деталь реалізації.",[3036,6380,6382],{"id":6381},"behaviour-verification-лондон","Behaviour Verification (Лондон)",[2965,6384,6385,6164,6387,6390],{},[2969,6386,6163],{},[2969,6388,6389],{},"поведінку"," — які методи були викликані, з якими параметрами.",[3155,6392,6394],{"className":3157,"code":6393,"language":3159,"meta":3160,"style":3160},"// Behaviour verification\n[Fact]\npublic void TransferMoney_CallsWithdrawAndDeposit()\n{\n    var mockSourceAccount = new Mock\u003CIAccount>();\n    var mockTargetAccount = new Mock\u003CIAccount>();\n\n    var bank = new Bank();\n    bank.Transfer(mockSourceAccount.Object, mockTargetAccount.Object, amount: 300m);\n\n    // Перевіряємо ПОВЕДІНКУ — чи правильно клас взаємодіяв з залежностями\n    mockSourceAccount.Verify(x => x.Withdraw(300m), Times.Once);\n    mockTargetAccount.Verify(x => x.Deposit(300m), Times.Once);\n}\n",[3103,6395,6396,6401,6409,6420,6424,6444,6463,6467,6481,6517,6521,6526,6563,6599],{"__ignoreMap":3160},[3164,6397,6398],{"class":3166,"line":3167},[3164,6399,6400],{"class":3170},"// Behaviour verification\n",[3164,6402,6403,6405,6407],{"class":3166,"line":3174},[3164,6404,6183],{"class":3191},[3164,6406,3201],{"class":3184},[3164,6408,3204],{"class":3191},[3164,6410,6411,6413,6415,6418],{"class":3166,"line":3188},[3164,6412,3178],{"class":3177},[3164,6414,3213],{"class":3177},[3164,6416,6417],{"class":3216}," TransferMoney_CallsWithdrawAndDeposit",[3164,6419,3220],{"class":3191},[3164,6421,6422],{"class":3166,"line":3195},[3164,6423,3192],{"class":3191},[3164,6425,6426,6428,6431,6433,6435,6437,6439,6442],{"class":3166,"line":3207},[3164,6427,6207],{"class":3177},[3164,6429,6430],{"class":3241}," mockSourceAccount",[3164,6432,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,6434,3248],{"class":3177},[3164,6436,3607],{"class":3184},[3164,6438,3610],{"class":3191},[3164,6440,6441],{"class":3184},"IAccount",[3164,6443,4167],{"class":3191},[3164,6445,6446,6448,6451,6453,6455,6457,6459,6461],{"class":3166,"line":3223},[3164,6447,6207],{"class":3177},[3164,6449,6450],{"class":3241}," mockTargetAccount",[3164,6452,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,6454,3248],{"class":3177},[3164,6456,3607],{"class":3184},[3164,6458,3610],{"class":3191},[3164,6460,6441],{"class":3184},[3164,6462,4167],{"class":3191},[3164,6464,6465],{"class":3166,"line":3229},[3164,6466,3350],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3349},[3164,6468,6469,6471,6473,6475,6477,6479],{"class":3166,"line":3235},[3164,6470,6207],{"class":3177},[3164,6472,6265],{"class":3241},[3164,6474,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,6476,3248],{"class":3177},[3164,6478,6272],{"class":3184},[3164,6480,4685],{"class":3191},[3164,6482,6483,6485,6487,6489,6491,6494,6496,6498,6500,6503,6505,6507,6509,6511,6513,6515],{"class":3166,"line":3260},[3164,6484,6279],{"class":3241},[3164,6486,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,6488,6284],{"class":3216},[3164,6490,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,6492,6493],{"class":3241},"mockSourceAccount",[3164,6495,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,6497,3714],{"class":3241},[3164,6499,3375],{"class":3191},[3164,6501,6502],{"class":3241},"mockTargetAccount",[3164,6504,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,6506,3714],{"class":3241},[3164,6508,3375],{"class":3191},[3164,6510,6299],{"class":3241},[3164,6512,6225],{"class":3191},[3164,6514,6304],{"class":3340},[3164,6516,3281],{"class":3191},[3164,6518,6519],{"class":3166,"line":3284},[3164,6520,3350],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3349},[3164,6522,6523],{"class":3166,"line":3318},[3164,6524,6525],{"class":3170},"    // Перевіряємо ПОВЕДІНКУ — чи правильно клас взаємодіяв з залежностями\n",[3164,6527,6528,6531,6533,6535,6537,6539,6541,6543,6545,6548,6550,6552,6555,6557,6559,6561],{"class":3166,"line":3346},[3164,6529,6530],{"class":3241},"    mockSourceAccount",[3164,6532,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,6534,3811],{"class":3216},[3164,6536,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,6538,3637],{"class":3241},[3164,6540,3640],{"class":3191},[3164,6542,3637],{"class":3241},[3164,6544,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,6546,6547],{"class":3216},"Withdraw",[3164,6549,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,6551,6304],{"class":3340},[3164,6553,6554],{"class":3191},"), ",[3164,6556,5310],{"class":3241},[3164,6558,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,6560,5315],{"class":3241},[3164,6562,3281],{"class":3191},[3164,6564,6565,6568,6570,6572,6574,6576,6578,6580,6582,6585,6587,6589,6591,6593,6595,6597],{"class":3166,"line":3353},[3164,6566,6567],{"class":3241},"    mockTargetAccount",[3164,6569,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,6571,3811],{"class":3216},[3164,6573,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,6575,3637],{"class":3241},[3164,6577,3640],{"class":3191},[3164,6579,3637],{"class":3241},[3164,6581,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,6583,6584],{"class":3216},"Deposit",[3164,6586,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,6588,6304],{"class":3340},[3164,6590,6554],{"class":3191},[3164,6592,5310],{"class":3241},[3164,6594,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,6596,5315],{"class":3241},[3164,6598,3281],{"class":3191},[3164,6600,6601],{"class":3166,"line":3359},[3164,6602,3435],{"class":3191},[2965,6604,6605,6606,3455,6609,6612,6613,3459,6615,6617,6618,6620],{},"Чому це корисно? Бо чітко документує контракт: ",[3103,6607,6608],{},"Bank.Transfer",[2969,6610,6611],{},"повинен"," викликати ",[3103,6614,6547],{},[3103,6616,6584],{},". Якщо хтось рефакторить ",[3103,6619,6608],{}," і забуде один із кроків — тест впаде.",[3036,6622,6624],{"id":6623},"проблема-з-behaviour-verification-крихкість","Проблема з Behaviour Verification: крихкість",[2965,6626,6627,6628,2982],{},"Behaviour verification має серйозний недолік — ",[2969,6629,6630],{},"крихкість тестів через прив'язку до реалізації",[2965,6632,6633,6634,6636,6637,3046,6639,6641,6642,6645],{},"Уявіть: розробник рефакторить ",[3103,6635,6608],{},", замінюючи окремі виклики ",[3103,6638,6547],{},[3103,6640,6584],{}," на єдиний ",[3103,6643,6644],{},"ExecuteTransaction",". Бізнес-логіка та результат залишились ідентичними — але тест провалиться, бо він перевіряв конкретні внутрішні виклики.",[3155,6647,6649],{"className":3157,"code":6648,"language":3159,"meta":3160,"style":3160},"// Після рефакторингу — бізнес-логіка не змінилась\npublic void Transfer(IAccount source, IAccount target, decimal amount)\n{\n    // Замінили Withdraw + Deposit на єдину транзакцію\n    _transactionManager.ExecuteTransaction(source, target, amount);\n}\n\n// Але тест ПРОВАЛИТЬСЯ, хоча код правильний!\nmockSourceAccount.Verify(x => x.Withdraw(300m), Times.Once); // ❌\nmockTargetAccount.Verify(x => x.Deposit(300m), Times.Once);  // ❌\n",[3103,6650,6651,6656,6689,6693,6698,6723,6727,6731,6736,6773],{"__ignoreMap":3160},[3164,6652,6653],{"class":3166,"line":3167},[3164,6654,6655],{"class":3170},"// Після рефакторингу — бізнес-логіка не змінилась\n",[3164,6657,6658,6660,6662,6665,6667,6669,6672,6674,6676,6679,6681,6684,6687],{"class":3166,"line":3174},[3164,6659,3178],{"class":3177},[3164,6661,3213],{"class":3177},[3164,6663,6664],{"class":3216}," Transfer",[3164,6666,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,6668,6441],{"class":3184},[3164,6670,6671],{"class":3241}," source",[3164,6673,3375],{"class":3191},[3164,6675,6441],{"class":3184},[3164,6677,6678],{"class":3241}," target",[3164,6680,3375],{"class":3191},[3164,6682,6683],{"class":3177},"decimal",[3164,6685,6686],{"class":3241}," amount",[3164,6688,4720],{"class":3191},[3164,6690,6691],{"class":3166,"line":3188},[3164,6692,3192],{"class":3191},[3164,6694,6695],{"class":3166,"line":3195},[3164,6696,6697],{"class":3170},"    // Замінили Withdraw + Deposit на єдину транзакцію\n",[3164,6699,6700,6703,6705,6707,6709,6712,6714,6717,6719,6721],{"class":3166,"line":3207},[3164,6701,6702],{"class":3241},"    _transactionManager",[3164,6704,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,6706,6644],{"class":3216},[3164,6708,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,6710,6711],{"class":3241},"source",[3164,6713,3375],{"class":3191},[3164,6715,6716],{"class":3241},"target",[3164,6718,3375],{"class":3191},[3164,6720,6299],{"class":3241},[3164,6722,3281],{"class":3191},[3164,6724,6725],{"class":3166,"line":3223},[3164,6726,3435],{"class":3191},[3164,6728,6729],{"class":3166,"line":3229},[3164,6730,3350],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3349},[3164,6732,6733],{"class":3166,"line":3235},[3164,6734,6735],{"class":3170},"// Але тест ПРОВАЛИТЬСЯ, хоча код правильний!\n",[3164,6737,6738,6740,6742,6744,6746,6748,6750,6752,6754,6756,6758,6760,6762,6764,6766,6768,6770],{"class":3166,"line":3260},[3164,6739,6493],{"class":3241},[3164,6741,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,6743,3811],{"class":3216},[3164,6745,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,6747,3637],{"class":3241},[3164,6749,3640],{"class":3191},[3164,6751,3637],{"class":3241},[3164,6753,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,6755,6547],{"class":3216},[3164,6757,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,6759,6304],{"class":3340},[3164,6761,6554],{"class":3191},[3164,6763,5310],{"class":3241},[3164,6765,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,6767,5315],{"class":3241},[3164,6769,3420],{"class":3191},[3164,6771,6772],{"class":3170},"// ❌\n",[3164,6774,6775,6777,6779,6781,6783,6785,6787,6789,6791,6793,6795,6797,6799,6801,6803,6805,6808],{"class":3166,"line":3284},[3164,6776,6502],{"class":3241},[3164,6778,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,6780,3811],{"class":3216},[3164,6782,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,6784,3637],{"class":3241},[3164,6786,3640],{"class":3191},[3164,6788,3637],{"class":3241},[3164,6790,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,6792,6584],{"class":3216},[3164,6794,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,6796,6304],{"class":3340},[3164,6798,6554],{"class":3191},[3164,6800,5310],{"class":3241},[3164,6802,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,6804,5315],{"class":3241},[3164,6806,6807],{"class":3191},");  ",[3164,6809,6772],{"class":3170},[2965,6811,6812],{},"Це фундаментальна проблема надмірного застосування Behaviour Verification. Тести стають \"детектором змін у реалізації\" замість \"детектором регресій у поведінці\".",[6814,6815,6816],"warning",{},"Якщо ваші тести провалюються при кожному рефакторингу навіть без зміни поведінки — ви надмірно використовуєте мокування (over-mocking). Це ознака того, що тести прив'язані до реалізації, а не до контракту.",[3029,6818],{},[2960,6820,6822],{"id":6821},"детальне-порівняння-шкіл","Детальне порівняння шкіл",[6824,6825,6826,6884,6939,6995,7051,7053,7057,7064,7068,7074,7250,7256,7266,7272,7274,7278,7284,7441,7447,7453,7459,7461,7465,7474,7480,7486,7492,7498,7504,7506,7510,7513,7519,7525,7530,7564,7569,7653,7660,7736,7742,7744,7748,7754,7780,8122,8129,8131,8135],"tabs",{},[6827,6828,6830],"tabs-item",{"label":6829},"Coupling до реалізації",[5995,6831,6832,6843],{},[5998,6833,6834],{},[6001,6835,6836,6839,6841],{},[6004,6837,6838],{},"Аспект",[6004,6840,6115],{},[6004,6842,6122],{},[6023,6844,6845,6858,6871],{},[6001,6846,6847,6852,6855],{},[6028,6848,6849],{},[2969,6850,6851],{},"Прив'язаність до реалізації",[6028,6853,6854],{},"Низька — тест незалежний від внутрішніх деталей",[6028,6856,6857],{},"Висока — тест перевіряє конкретні виклики",[6001,6859,6860,6865,6868],{},[6028,6861,6862],{},[2969,6863,6864],{},"Рефакторинг",[6028,6866,6867],{},"Тест залишається зеленим",[6028,6869,6870],{},"Тест може провалитись",[6001,6872,6873,6878,6881],{},[6028,6874,6875],{},[2969,6876,6877],{},"Зміна API залежності",[6028,6879,6880],{},"Може не вплинути",[6028,6882,6883],{},"Вплине, якщо API використовується",[6827,6885,6887],{"label":6886},"Feedback про дизайн",[5995,6888,6889,6899],{},[5998,6890,6891],{},[6001,6892,6893,6895,6897],{},[6004,6894,6838],{},[6004,6896,6115],{},[6004,6898,6122],{},[6023,6900,6901,6914,6927],{},[6001,6902,6903,6908,6911],{},[6028,6904,6905],{},[2969,6906,6907],{},"Виявлення design problems",[6028,6909,6910],{},"Слабше — не видно надмірних залежностей",[6028,6912,6913],{},"Сильніше — занадто багато MockSetup = поганий дизайн",[6001,6915,6916,6921,6924],{},[6028,6917,6918],{},[2969,6919,6920],{},"Coupling між класами",[6028,6922,6923],{},"Не виявляє",[6028,6925,6926],{},"Відразу помітно",[6001,6928,6929,6934,6936],{},[6028,6930,6931],{},[2969,6932,6933],{},"God Class антипатерн",[6028,6935,6923],{},[6028,6937,6938],{},"Видно: занадто багато залежностей у конструкторі",[6827,6940,6942],{"label":6941},"Тестова ізоляція",[5995,6943,6944,6954],{},[5998,6945,6946],{},[6001,6947,6948,6950,6952],{},[6004,6949,6838],{},[6004,6951,6115],{},[6004,6953,6122],{},[6023,6955,6956,6969,6982],{},[6001,6957,6958,6963,6966],{},[6028,6959,6960],{},[2969,6961,6962],{},"Ізоляція тесту",[6028,6964,6965],{},"Слабша — тест залежить від реалізації залежностей",[6028,6967,6968],{},"Сильніша — повна ізоляція",[6001,6970,6971,6976,6979],{},[6028,6972,6973],{},[2969,6974,6975],{},"Локалізація провалу",[6028,6977,6978],{},"Провал може виникати в кількох тестах",[6028,6980,6981],{},"Провал ізольований у одному класі",[6001,6983,6984,6989,6992],{},[6028,6985,6986],{},[2969,6987,6988],{},"Швидкість",[6028,6990,6991],{},"Може бути повільніше через реальні залежності",[6028,6993,6994],{},"Швидше — все in-memory",[6827,6996,6998],{"label":6997},"Читабельність і обслуговуваність",[5995,6999,7000,7010],{},[5998,7001,7002],{},[6001,7003,7004,7006,7008],{},[6004,7005,6838],{},[6004,7007,6115],{},[6004,7009,6122],{},[6023,7011,7012,7025,7038],{},[6001,7013,7014,7019,7022],{},[6028,7015,7016],{},[2969,7017,7018],{},"Кількість setup-коду",[6028,7020,7021],{},"Менше",[6028,7023,7024],{},"Більше (Mock.Setup для всіх залежностей)",[6001,7026,7027,7032,7035],{},[6028,7028,7029],{},[2969,7030,7031],{},"Читабельність тесту",[6028,7033,7034],{},"Вища — зрозуміло що тестується",[6028,7036,7037],{},"Нижча — складний setup відволікає",[6001,7039,7040,7045,7048],{},[6028,7041,7042],{},[2969,7043,7044],{},"Документаційна цінність",[6028,7046,7047],{},"Висока — описує бізнес-поведінку",[6028,7049,7050],{},"Середня — описує реалізаційні деталі",[3029,7052],{},[2960,7054,7056],{"id":7055},"коли-яку-школу-застосовувати","Коли яку школу застосовувати",[2965,7058,7059,7060,7063],{},"Практика показує, що більшість досвідчених розробників ",[2969,7061,7062],{},"не є фанатиками жодної школи",". Вони застосовують обидва підходи, виходячи з контексту.",[3036,7065,7067],{"id":7066},"детройтська-школа-краще-підходить-для","Детройтська школа краще підходить для:",[2965,7069,7070,7073],{},[2969,7071,7072],{},"1. Доменна логіка та бізнес-правила (Domain Model)","\nКласи, що реалізують бізнес-правила — калькулятори, стратегії ціноутворення, правила валідації — не мають зовнішніх залежностей або залежать від інших domain об'єктів. Тестувати їх з реальними залежностями — природно і безпечно.",[3155,7075,7077],{"className":3157,"code":7076,"language":3159,"meta":3160,"style":3160},"// Детройт: реальний PricingEngine + реальний TaxCalculator\n[Fact]\npublic void CalculateOrderPrice_WithTaxAndDiscount_ReturnsCorrectTotal()\n{\n    var pricing = new PricingEngine(new TaxCalculator(), new DiscountEngine());\n    var order = CreateTestOrder(items: 3, unitPrice: 100m);\n\n    var result = pricing.Calculate(order, CustomerType.Premium, Region.Ukraine);\n\n    Assert.Equal(270m, result.FinalPrice); // 300 - 10% discount + 0% VAT for Premium\n}\n",[3103,7078,7079,7084,7092,7103,7107,7138,7169,7173,7215,7219,7246],{"__ignoreMap":3160},[3164,7080,7081],{"class":3166,"line":3167},[3164,7082,7083],{"class":3170},"// Детройт: реальний PricingEngine + реальний TaxCalculator\n",[3164,7085,7086,7088,7090],{"class":3166,"line":3174},[3164,7087,6183],{"class":3191},[3164,7089,3201],{"class":3184},[3164,7091,3204],{"class":3191},[3164,7093,7094,7096,7098,7101],{"class":3166,"line":3188},[3164,7095,3178],{"class":3177},[3164,7097,3213],{"class":3177},[3164,7099,7100],{"class":3216}," CalculateOrderPrice_WithTaxAndDiscount_ReturnsCorrectTotal",[3164,7102,3220],{"class":3191},[3164,7104,7105],{"class":3166,"line":3195},[3164,7106,3192],{"class":3191},[3164,7108,7109,7111,7114,7116,7118,7121,7123,7125,7128,7131,7133,7136],{"class":3166,"line":3207},[3164,7110,6207],{"class":3177},[3164,7112,7113],{"class":3241}," pricing",[3164,7115,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,7117,3248],{"class":3177},[3164,7119,7120],{"class":3184}," PricingEngine",[3164,7122,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,7124,3248],{"class":3177},[3164,7126,7127],{"class":3184}," TaxCalculator",[3164,7129,7130],{"class":3191},"(), ",[3164,7132,3248],{"class":3177},[3164,7134,7135],{"class":3184}," DiscountEngine",[3164,7137,5260],{"class":3191},[3164,7139,7140,7142,7144,7146,7149,7151,7153,7155,7158,7160,7163,7165,7167],{"class":3166,"line":3223},[3164,7141,6207],{"class":3177},[3164,7143,5588],{"class":3241},[3164,7145,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,7147,7148],{"class":3216},"CreateTestOrder",[3164,7150,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,7152,4259],{"class":3241},[3164,7154,6225],{"class":3191},[3164,7156,7157],{"class":3340},"3",[3164,7159,3375],{"class":3191},[3164,7161,7162],{"class":3241},"unitPrice",[3164,7164,6225],{"class":3191},[3164,7166,3341],{"class":3340},[3164,7168,3281],{"class":3191},[3164,7170,7171],{"class":3166,"line":3229},[3164,7172,3350],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3349},[3164,7174,7175,7177,7179,7181,7184,7186,7189,7191,7193,7195,7198,7200,7203,7205,7208,7210,7213],{"class":3166,"line":3235},[3164,7176,6207],{"class":3177},[3164,7178,4244],{"class":3241},[3164,7180,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,7182,7183],{"class":3241},"pricing",[3164,7185,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,7187,7188],{"class":3216},"Calculate",[3164,7190,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,7192,5630],{"class":3241},[3164,7194,3375],{"class":3191},[3164,7196,7197],{"class":3241},"CustomerType",[3164,7199,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,7201,7202],{"class":3241},"Premium",[3164,7204,3375],{"class":3191},[3164,7206,7207],{"class":3241},"Region",[3164,7209,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,7211,7212],{"class":3241},"Ukraine",[3164,7214,3281],{"class":3191},[3164,7216,7217],{"class":3166,"line":3260},[3164,7218,3350],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3349},[3164,7220,7221,7223,7225,7227,7229,7232,7234,7236,7238,7241,7243],{"class":3166,"line":3284},[3164,7222,6320],{"class":3241},[3164,7224,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,7226,3402],{"class":3216},[3164,7228,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,7230,7231],{"class":3340},"270m",[3164,7233,3375],{"class":3191},[3164,7235,4282],{"class":3241},[3164,7237,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,7239,7240],{"class":3241},"FinalPrice",[3164,7242,3420],{"class":3191},[3164,7244,7245],{"class":3170},"// 300 - 10% discount + 0% VAT for Premium\n",[3164,7247,7248],{"class":3166,"line":3318},[3164,7249,3435],{"class":3191},[2965,7251,7252,7255],{},[2969,7253,7254],{},"2. Алгоритмічний код","\nПарсери, конвертори, утиліти — де результат повністю визначається вхідними даними і не залежить від зовнішніх сервісів.",[2965,7257,7258,7261,7262,7265],{},[2969,7259,7260],{},"3. Стабільні API та бібліотеки","\nЯкщо залежність — стабільна бібліотека з незмінним API (наприклад, ",[3103,7263,7264],{},"System.Text.Json",") — немає сенсу її мокувати.",[2965,7267,7268,7271],{},[2969,7269,7270],{},"4. Value Objects","\nНезмінні об'єкти з логікою (Money, Email, PhoneNumber) — ідеальний кандидат для реального використання в тестах.",[3029,7273],{},[3036,7275,7277],{"id":7276},"лондонська-школа-краще-підходить-для","Лондонська школа краще підходить для:",[2965,7279,7280,7283],{},[2969,7281,7282],{},"1. Зовнішні сервіси та інфраструктура","\nHTTP-клієнти, відправники email/SMS, сервіси платежів — їх завжди замінюємо на моки або стаби.",[3155,7285,7287],{"className":3157,"code":7286,"language":3159,"meta":3160,"style":3160},"// Лондон: зовнішній Email-сервіс завжди мокується\n[Fact]\npublic async Task RegisterUser_SendsWelcomeEmail()\n{\n    var mockEmail = new Mock\u003CIEmailService>();\n    var service = new UserRegistrationService(mockEmail.Object);\n\n    await service.RegisterAsync(new RegisterUserDto { Email = \"new@user.com\" });\n\n    mockEmail.Verify(x => x.SendWelcomeEmail(\"new@user.com\"), Times.Once);\n}\n",[3103,7288,7289,7294,7302,7315,7319,7339,7363,7367,7397,7401,7437],{"__ignoreMap":3160},[3164,7290,7291],{"class":3166,"line":3167},[3164,7292,7293],{"class":3170},"// Лондон: зовнішній Email-сервіс завжди мокується\n",[3164,7295,7296,7298,7300],{"class":3166,"line":3174},[3164,7297,6183],{"class":3191},[3164,7299,3201],{"class":3184},[3164,7301,3204],{"class":3191},[3164,7303,7304,7306,7308,7310,7313],{"class":3166,"line":3188},[3164,7305,3178],{"class":3177},[3164,7307,4696],{"class":3177},[3164,7309,4699],{"class":3184},[3164,7311,7312],{"class":3216}," RegisterUser_SendsWelcomeEmail",[3164,7314,3220],{"class":3191},[3164,7316,7317],{"class":3166,"line":3195},[3164,7318,3192],{"class":3191},[3164,7320,7321,7323,7326,7328,7330,7332,7334,7337],{"class":3166,"line":3207},[3164,7322,6207],{"class":3177},[3164,7324,7325],{"class":3241}," mockEmail",[3164,7327,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,7329,3248],{"class":3177},[3164,7331,3607],{"class":3184},[3164,7333,3610],{"class":3191},[3164,7335,7336],{"class":3184},"IEmailService",[3164,7338,4167],{"class":3191},[3164,7340,7341,7343,7345,7347,7349,7352,7354,7357,7359,7361],{"class":3166,"line":3223},[3164,7342,6207],{"class":3177},[3164,7344,4178],{"class":3241},[3164,7346,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,7348,3248],{"class":3177},[3164,7350,7351],{"class":3184}," UserRegistrationService",[3164,7353,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,7355,7356],{"class":3241},"mockEmail",[3164,7358,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,7360,3714],{"class":3241},[3164,7362,3281],{"class":3191},[3164,7364,7365],{"class":3166,"line":3229},[3164,7366,3350],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3349},[3164,7368,7369,7372,7374,7376,7378,7380,7382,7385,7387,7390,7392,7395],{"class":3166,"line":3235},[3164,7370,7371],{"class":3177},"    await",[3164,7373,4178],{"class":3241},[3164,7375,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,7377,5000],{"class":3216},[3164,7379,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,7381,3248],{"class":3177},[3164,7383,7384],{"class":3184}," RegisterUserDto",[3164,7386,3299],{"class":3191},[3164,7388,7389],{"class":3241},"Email",[3164,7391,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,7393,7394],{"class":4440},"\"new@user.com\"",[3164,7396,5920],{"class":3191},[3164,7398,7399],{"class":3166,"line":3260},[3164,7400,3350],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3349},[3164,7402,7403,7406,7408,7410,7412,7414,7416,7418,7420,7423,7425,7427,7429,7431,7433,7435],{"class":3166,"line":3284},[3164,7404,7405],{"class":3241},"    mockEmail",[3164,7407,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,7409,3811],{"class":3216},[3164,7411,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,7413,3637],{"class":3241},[3164,7415,3640],{"class":3191},[3164,7417,3637],{"class":3241},[3164,7419,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,7421,7422],{"class":3216},"SendWelcomeEmail",[3164,7424,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,7426,7394],{"class":4440},[3164,7428,6554],{"class":3191},[3164,7430,5310],{"class":3241},[3164,7432,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,7434,5315],{"class":3241},[3164,7436,3281],{"class":3191},[3164,7438,7439],{"class":3166,"line":3318},[3164,7440,3435],{"class":3191},[2965,7442,7443,7446],{},[2969,7444,7445],{},"2. Event-Driven архітектура","\nКоли клас публікує події або надсилає команди — верифікація публікації події є важливою частиною контракту.",[2965,7448,7449,7452],{},[2969,7450,7451],{},"3. Команди без return value","\nМетоди, що нічого не повертають (void/Task), але мають side effects — тут немає \"стану\" для перевірки, тому верифікація поведінки є єдиним варіантом.",[2965,7454,7455,7458],{},[2969,7456,7457],{},"4. Cross-cutting concerns","\nАудит, логування (перевірка що певна подія залогована), метрики — перевіряємо через мок/spy.",[3029,7460],{},[2960,7462,7464],{"id":7463},"mocks-arent-stubs-ключові-інсайти-фаулера","\"Mocks Aren't Stubs\" — ключові інсайти Фаулера",[2965,7466,7467,7468,7473],{},"Стаття Мартіна Фаулера ",[3899,7469,7472],{"href":7470,"rel":7471},"https://martinfowler.com/articles/mocksArentStubs.html",[3903],"\"Mocks Aren't Stubs\""," (оригінал 2004, оновлення 2007) — одна з найважливіших статей про тестування. Якщо ви не читали — прочитайте оригінал. Тут — ключові ідеї.",[2965,7475,7476,7479],{},[2969,7477,7478],{},"Інсайт 1: Терміни \"mock\" і \"stub\" — не синоніми."," Фаулер дав точні визначення: Stub постачає дані, Mock верифікує взаємодію. Використання \"mock\" як загального терміну — джерело плутанини.",[2965,7481,7482,7485],{},[2969,7483,7484],{},"Інсайт 2: Різниця впливає на TDD."," Mockist підхід (Лондон) стимулює думати \"як класи співпрацюють\" ще до написання коду. Classicist підхід (Детройт) стимулює думати \"яку цінність надає клас\". Обидва — форми TDD-думання, але ResultUI різний.",[2965,7487,7488,7491],{},[2969,7489,7490],{},"Інсайт 3: Mockist підхід виявляє design problems раніше."," Якщо важко написати тест з моками — можливо, клас має занадто багато залежностей. Це є \"design pressure\" — тиск на покращення дизайну.",[2965,7493,7494,7497],{},[2969,7495,7496],{},"Інсайт 4: Classicist підхід дає більш стабільні тести."," State-based тести рідше провалюються через рефакторинг внутрішньої реалізації.",[2965,7499,7500,7503],{},[2969,7501,7502],{},"Інсайт 5: Вибір школи — питання контексту."," Фаулер особисто тяжіє до Classicist підходу, але визнає цінність Mockist для певних сценаріїв.",[3029,7505],{},[2960,7507,7509],{"id":7508},"правило-dont-mock-what-you-dont-own","Правило \"Don't Mock What You Don't Own\"",[2965,7511,7512],{},"Це одне з найважливіших практичних правил, що виникло у Лондонській школі.",[2965,7514,7515,7518],{},[2969,7516,7517],{},"Суть:"," Не使用 мок бібліотечні класи або API третіх сторін — мокайте лише класи, що ви самі написали та контролюєте.",[2965,7520,7521,7524],{},[2969,7522,7523],{},"Чому?"," Мок — це контракт. Коли ви мокуєте сторонню бібліотеку, ви берете на себе відповідальність за те, щоб ваш мок коректно відображав поведінку цієї бібліотеки. Але бібліотека може змінитись — і ваш мок може залишитись неактуальним, а тест зеленим. Ви отримаєте хибне відчуття безпеки.",[2965,7526,7527],{},[2969,7528,7529],{},"Неправильно:",[3155,7531,7533],{"className":3157,"code":7532,"language":3159,"meta":3160,"style":3160},"// НЕ мокайте HttpClient напряму — він не ваш\nvar mockHttpClient = new Mock\u003CHttpClient>(); // ❌ Погано\n",[3103,7534,7535,7540],{"__ignoreMap":3160},[3164,7536,7537],{"class":3166,"line":3167},[3164,7538,7539],{"class":3170},"// НЕ мокайте HttpClient напряму — він не ваш\n",[3164,7541,7542,7545,7548,7550,7552,7554,7556,7559,7561],{"class":3166,"line":3174},[3164,7543,7544],{"class":3177},"var",[3164,7546,7547],{"class":3241}," mockHttpClient",[3164,7549,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,7551,3248],{"class":3177},[3164,7553,3607],{"class":3184},[3164,7555,3610],{"class":3191},[3164,7557,7558],{"class":3184},"HttpClient",[3164,7560,3616],{"class":3191},[3164,7562,7563],{"class":3170},"// ❌ Погано\n",[2965,7565,7566],{},[2969,7567,7568],{},"Правильно:",[3155,7570,7572],{"className":3157,"code":7571,"language":3159,"meta":3160,"style":3160},"// Оберніть HttpClient у власну абстракцію і мокайте її\npublic interface IWeatherApiClient\n{\n    Task\u003CWeatherDto> GetAsync(string city);\n}\n\n// Тепер мокуємо власний клас — \"Don't mock what you don't own\"\nvar mockWeatherClient = new Mock\u003CIWeatherApiClient>(); // ✅ Добре\n",[3103,7573,7574,7579,7589,7593,7617,7621,7625,7630],{"__ignoreMap":3160},[3164,7575,7576],{"class":3166,"line":3167},[3164,7577,7578],{"class":3170},"// Оберніть HttpClient у власну абстракцію і мокайте її\n",[3164,7580,7581,7583,7586],{"class":3166,"line":3174},[3164,7582,3178],{"class":3177},[3164,7584,7585],{"class":3177}," interface",[3164,7587,7588],{"class":3184}," IWeatherApiClient\n",[3164,7590,7591],{"class":3166,"line":3188},[3164,7592,3192],{"class":3191},[3164,7594,7595,7598,7600,7603,7605,7608,7610,7612,7615],{"class":3166,"line":3195},[3164,7596,7597],{"class":3184},"    Task",[3164,7599,3610],{"class":3191},[3164,7601,7602],{"class":3184},"WeatherDto",[3164,7604,4675],{"class":3191},[3164,7606,7607],{"class":3216},"GetAsync",[3164,7609,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,7611,5489],{"class":3177},[3164,7613,7614],{"class":3241}," city",[3164,7616,3281],{"class":3191},[3164,7618,7619],{"class":3166,"line":3207},[3164,7620,3435],{"class":3191},[3164,7622,7623],{"class":3166,"line":3223},[3164,7624,3350],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3349},[3164,7626,7627],{"class":3166,"line":3229},[3164,7628,7629],{"class":3170},"// Тепер мокуємо власний клас — \"Don't mock what you don't own\"\n",[3164,7631,7632,7634,7637,7639,7641,7643,7645,7648,7650],{"class":3166,"line":3235},[3164,7633,7544],{"class":3177},[3164,7635,7636],{"class":3241}," mockWeatherClient",[3164,7638,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,7640,3248],{"class":3177},[3164,7642,3607],{"class":3184},[3164,7644,3610],{"class":3191},[3164,7646,7647],{"class":3184},"IWeatherApiClient",[3164,7649,3616],{"class":3191},[3164,7651,7652],{"class":3170},"// ✅ Добре\n",[2965,7654,7655,7656,7659],{},"Або — альтернативний підхід, де потрібно таки тестувати HTTP-рівень — мокуємо ",[3103,7657,7658],{},"HttpMessageHandler",", що є внутрішнім компонентом і не є \"зовнішнім API\":",[3155,7661,7663],{"className":3157,"code":7662,"language":3159,"meta":3160,"style":3160},"// MockHttpMessageHandler — тестуємо HTTP-рівень правильно\nvar handler = new MockHttpMessageHandler();\nhandler.When(\"https://api.weather.com/*\").Respond(\"application/json\", weatherJson);\nvar httpClient = handler.ToHttpClient();\n",[3103,7664,7665,7670,7686,7718],{"__ignoreMap":3160},[3164,7666,7667],{"class":3166,"line":3167},[3164,7668,7669],{"class":3170},"// MockHttpMessageHandler — тестуємо HTTP-рівень правильно\n",[3164,7671,7672,7674,7677,7679,7681,7684],{"class":3166,"line":3174},[3164,7673,7544],{"class":3177},[3164,7675,7676],{"class":3241}," handler",[3164,7678,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,7680,3248],{"class":3177},[3164,7682,7683],{"class":3184}," MockHttpMessageHandler",[3164,7685,4685],{"class":3191},[3164,7687,7688,7691,7693,7696,7698,7701,7703,7706,7708,7711,7713,7716],{"class":3166,"line":3188},[3164,7689,7690],{"class":3241},"handler",[3164,7692,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,7694,7695],{"class":3216},"When",[3164,7697,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,7699,7700],{"class":4440},"\"https://api.weather.com/*\"",[3164,7702,5339],{"class":3191},[3164,7704,7705],{"class":3216},"Respond",[3164,7707,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,7709,7710],{"class":4440},"\"application/json\"",[3164,7712,3375],{"class":3191},[3164,7714,7715],{"class":3241},"weatherJson",[3164,7717,3281],{"class":3191},[3164,7719,7720,7722,7725,7727,7729,7731,7734],{"class":3166,"line":3195},[3164,7721,7544],{"class":3177},[3164,7723,7724],{"class":3241}," httpClient",[3164,7726,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,7728,7690],{"class":3241},[3164,7730,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,7732,7733],{"class":3216},"ToHttpClient",[3164,7735,4685],{"class":3191},[2965,7737,7738,7739,2982],{},"Детально HttpClient тестування розглянемо у ",[3899,7740,7741],{"href":1031},"відповідній статті",[3029,7743],{},[2960,7745,7747],{"id":7746},"небезпека-over-mocking","Небезпека Over-mocking",[2965,7749,7750,7753],{},[2969,7751,7752],{},"Over-mocking"," — надмірне використання моків — є серйозним анти-патерном, незалежно від школи. Ознаки over-mocking:",[3087,7755,7756,7762,7768,7774],{},[3001,7757,7758,7761],{},[2969,7759,7760],{},"Тест має більше Mock.Setup рядків, ніж рядків реальної перевірки"," — setup перетворився на \"специфікацію реалізації\"",[3001,7763,7764,7767],{},[2969,7765,7766],{},"Зміна приватного методу класу провалює тест"," — хоча поведінка Public API не змінилась",[3001,7769,7770,7773],{},[2969,7771,7772],{},"Тест не може сказати, що саме перевіряє"," — бо setup занадто складний",[3001,7775,7776,7779],{},[2969,7777,7778],{},"Refactoring вимагає масових змін у тестах"," — ознака крихких тестів",[3155,7781,7783],{"className":3157,"code":7782,"language":3159,"meta":3160,"style":3160},"// OVER-MOCKING: тест явно описує внутрішню реалізацію\n[Fact]\npublic void ProcessOrder_OverMockedExample()\n{\n    var mockInventory = new Mock\u003CIInventory>();\n    var mockPricing = new Mock\u003CIPricingEngine>();\n    var mockTax = new Mock\u003CITaxCalculator>();\n    var mockDiscount = new Mock\u003CIDiscountService>();\n    var mockAudit = new Mock\u003CIAuditLog>();\n    var mockNotification = new Mock\u003CINotificationService>();\n    var mockAnalytics = new Mock\u003CIAnalyticsTracker>();\n    // ... ще 5 моків\n\n    mockInventory.Setup(x => x.Reserve(It.IsAny\u003COrderItem>())).Returns(true);\n    mockPricing.Setup(x => x.Calculate(It.IsAny\u003COrder>())).Returns(100m);\n    // ... ще 20 рядків Setup\n\n    // А реальний тест — одна строчка\n    var result = service.ProcessOrder(order);\n    Assert.True(result.IsSuccess);\n\n    // І ще 10 рядків Verify...\n    // Це ознака поганого дизайну, а не тестів\n}\n",[3103,7784,7785,7790,7798,7809,7813,7833,7853,7873,7892,7912,7932,7952,7957,7961,8007,8051,8056,8060,8065,8086,8104,8108,8113,8118],{"__ignoreMap":3160},[3164,7786,7787],{"class":3166,"line":3167},[3164,7788,7789],{"class":3170},"// OVER-MOCKING: тест явно описує внутрішню реалізацію\n",[3164,7791,7792,7794,7796],{"class":3166,"line":3174},[3164,7793,6183],{"class":3191},[3164,7795,3201],{"class":3184},[3164,7797,3204],{"class":3191},[3164,7799,7800,7802,7804,7807],{"class":3166,"line":3188},[3164,7801,3178],{"class":3177},[3164,7803,3213],{"class":3177},[3164,7805,7806],{"class":3216}," ProcessOrder_OverMockedExample",[3164,7808,3220],{"class":3191},[3164,7810,7811],{"class":3166,"line":3195},[3164,7812,3192],{"class":3191},[3164,7814,7815,7817,7820,7822,7824,7826,7828,7831],{"class":3166,"line":3207},[3164,7816,6207],{"class":3177},[3164,7818,7819],{"class":3241}," mockInventory",[3164,7821,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,7823,3248],{"class":3177},[3164,7825,3607],{"class":3184},[3164,7827,3610],{"class":3191},[3164,7829,7830],{"class":3184},"IInventory",[3164,7832,4167],{"class":3191},[3164,7834,7835,7837,7840,7842,7844,7846,7848,7851],{"class":3166,"line":3223},[3164,7836,6207],{"class":3177},[3164,7838,7839],{"class":3241}," mockPricing",[3164,7841,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,7843,3248],{"class":3177},[3164,7845,3607],{"class":3184},[3164,7847,3610],{"class":3191},[3164,7849,7850],{"class":3184},"IPricingEngine",[3164,7852,4167],{"class":3191},[3164,7854,7855,7857,7860,7862,7864,7866,7868,7871],{"class":3166,"line":3229},[3164,7856,6207],{"class":3177},[3164,7858,7859],{"class":3241}," mockTax",[3164,7861,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,7863,3248],{"class":3177},[3164,7865,3607],{"class":3184},[3164,7867,3610],{"class":3191},[3164,7869,7870],{"class":3184},"ITaxCalculator",[3164,7872,4167],{"class":3191},[3164,7874,7875,7877,7880,7882,7884,7886,7888,7890],{"class":3166,"line":3235},[3164,7876,6207],{"class":3177},[3164,7878,7879],{"class":3241}," mockDiscount",[3164,7881,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,7883,3248],{"class":3177},[3164,7885,3607],{"class":3184},[3164,7887,3610],{"class":3191},[3164,7889,3613],{"class":3184},[3164,7891,4167],{"class":3191},[3164,7893,7894,7896,7899,7901,7903,7905,7907,7910],{"class":3166,"line":3260},[3164,7895,6207],{"class":3177},[3164,7897,7898],{"class":3241}," mockAudit",[3164,7900,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,7902,3248],{"class":3177},[3164,7904,3607],{"class":3184},[3164,7906,3610],{"class":3191},[3164,7908,7909],{"class":3184},"IAuditLog",[3164,7911,4167],{"class":3191},[3164,7913,7914,7916,7919,7921,7923,7925,7927,7930],{"class":3166,"line":3284},[3164,7915,6207],{"class":3177},[3164,7917,7918],{"class":3241}," mockNotification",[3164,7920,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,7922,3248],{"class":3177},[3164,7924,3607],{"class":3184},[3164,7926,3610],{"class":3191},[3164,7928,7929],{"class":3184},"INotificationService",[3164,7931,4167],{"class":3191},[3164,7933,7934,7936,7939,7941,7943,7945,7947,7950],{"class":3166,"line":3318},[3164,7935,6207],{"class":3177},[3164,7937,7938],{"class":3241}," mockAnalytics",[3164,7940,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,7942,3248],{"class":3177},[3164,7944,3607],{"class":3184},[3164,7946,3610],{"class":3191},[3164,7948,7949],{"class":3184},"IAnalyticsTracker",[3164,7951,4167],{"class":3191},[3164,7953,7954],{"class":3166,"line":3346},[3164,7955,7956],{"class":3170},"    // ... ще 5 моків\n",[3164,7958,7959],{"class":3166,"line":3353},[3164,7960,3350],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3349},[3164,7962,7963,7966,7968,7970,7972,7974,7976,7978,7980,7983,7985,7987,7989,7991,7993,7996,7999,8001,8003,8005],{"class":3166,"line":3359},[3164,7964,7965],{"class":3241},"    mockInventory",[3164,7967,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,7969,3632],{"class":3216},[3164,7971,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,7973,3637],{"class":3241},[3164,7975,3640],{"class":3191},[3164,7977,3637],{"class":3241},[3164,7979,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,7981,7982],{"class":3216},"Reserve",[3164,7984,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,7986,3652],{"class":3241},[3164,7988,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,7990,3657],{"class":3216},[3164,7992,3610],{"class":3191},[3164,7994,7995],{"class":3184},"OrderItem",[3164,7997,7998],{"class":3191},">())).",[3164,8000,3681],{"class":3216},[3164,8002,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,8004,5209],{"class":3177},[3164,8006,3281],{"class":3191},[3164,8008,8009,8012,8014,8016,8018,8020,8022,8024,8026,8028,8030,8032,8034,8036,8038,8041,8043,8045,8047,8049],{"class":3166,"line":3383},[3164,8010,8011],{"class":3241},"    mockPricing",[3164,8013,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,8015,3632],{"class":3216},[3164,8017,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,8019,3637],{"class":3241},[3164,8021,3640],{"class":3191},[3164,8023,3637],{"class":3241},[3164,8025,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,8027,7188],{"class":3216},[3164,8029,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,8031,3652],{"class":3241},[3164,8033,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,8035,3657],{"class":3216},[3164,8037,3610],{"class":3191},[3164,8039,8040],{"class":3184},"Order",[3164,8042,7998],{"class":3191},[3164,8044,3681],{"class":3216},[3164,8046,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,8048,3341],{"class":3340},[3164,8050,3281],{"class":3191},[3164,8052,8053],{"class":3166,"line":3388},[3164,8054,8055],{"class":3170},"    // ... ще 20 рядків Setup\n",[3164,8057,8058],{"class":3166,"line":3394},[3164,8059,3350],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3349},[3164,8061,8062],{"class":3166,"line":3426},[3164,8063,8064],{"class":3170},"    // А реальний тест — одна строчка\n",[3164,8066,8067,8069,8071,8073,8075,8077,8080,8082,8084],{"class":3166,"line":3432},[3164,8068,6207],{"class":3177},[3164,8070,4244],{"class":3241},[3164,8072,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,8074,4249],{"class":3241},[3164,8076,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,8078,8079],{"class":3216},"ProcessOrder",[3164,8081,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,8083,5630],{"class":3241},[3164,8085,3281],{"class":3191},[3164,8087,8088,8090,8092,8094,8096,8098,8100,8102],{"class":3166,"line":3797},[3164,8089,6320],{"class":3241},[3164,8091,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,8093,5935],{"class":3216},[3164,8095,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,8097,4282],{"class":3241},[3164,8099,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,8101,5944],{"class":3241},[3164,8103,3281],{"class":3191},[3164,8105,8106],{"class":3166,"line":3803},[3164,8107,3350],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3349},[3164,8109,8110],{"class":3166,"line":3817},[3164,8111,8112],{"class":3170},"    // І ще 10 рядків Verify...\n",[3164,8114,8115],{"class":3166,"line":3846},[3164,8116,8117],{"class":3170},"    // Це ознака поганого дизайну, а не тестів\n",[3164,8119,8120],{"class":3166,"line":3857},[3164,8121,3435],{"class":3191},[2965,8123,8124,8125,8128],{},"Коли виникає over-mocking — це зазвичай сигнал, що клас порушує ",[2969,8126,8127],{},"Single Responsibility Principle"," і має занадто багато залежностей. Рефакторинг production коду вирішить проблему краще за рефакторинг тестів.",[3029,8130],{},[2960,8132,8134],{"id":8133},"практичні-завдання","Практичні завдання",[8136,8137,8138],"card-group",{},[8139,8140,8143,8148,8151,8468,8478],"card",{"icon":8141,"title":8142},"i-lucide-brain","Рівень 1: Розуміння",[2965,8144,8145],{},[2969,8146,8147],{},"Завдання 1.1 — Класифікація Test Doubles",[2965,8149,8150],{},"Для кожного з наведених кодових фрагментів визначте тип Test Double (Dummy, Stub, Fake, Spy, Mock) та поясніть свій вибір:",[3155,8152,8154],{"className":3157,"code":8153,"language":3159,"meta":3160,"style":3160},"// Фрагмент A\nvar logger = NullLogger\u003COrderService>.Instance;\n\n// Фрагмент B\nvar mockRepo = new Mock\u003CIUserRepository>();\nmockRepo.Setup(x => x.GetByIdAsync(Guid.NewGuid())).ReturnsAsync(new User());\n\n// Фрагмент C\npublic class FakeEmailSender : IEmailSender {\n    public List\u003CEmail> SentEmails { get; } = new();\n    public Task SendAsync(Email email) { SentEmails.Add(email); return Task.CompletedTask; }\n}\n\n// Фрагмент D\nvar mockPayment = new Mock\u003CIPaymentGateway>();\nmockPayment.Verify(x => x.ChargeAsync(It.IsAny\u003Cdecimal>()), Times.Once);\n\n// Фрагмент E  \nvar spyCache = new Mock\u003CICache> { CallBase = true };\n",[3103,8155,8156,8161,8186,8190,8195,8215,8259,8263,8268,8284,8311,8354,8358,8362,8367,8387,8431,8435,8440],{"__ignoreMap":3160},[3164,8157,8158],{"class":3166,"line":3167},[3164,8159,8160],{"class":3170},"// Фрагмент A\n",[3164,8162,8163,8165,8168,8170,8173,8175,8177,8180,8183],{"class":3166,"line":3174},[3164,8164,7544],{"class":3177},[3164,8166,8167],{"class":3241}," logger",[3164,8169,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,8171,8172],{"class":3241},"NullLogger",[3164,8174,3610],{"class":3191},[3164,8176,3105],{"class":3184},[3164,8178,8179],{"class":3191},">.",[3164,8181,8182],{"class":3241},"Instance",[3164,8184,8185],{"class":3191},";\n",[3164,8187,8188],{"class":3166,"line":3188},[3164,8189,3350],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3349},[3164,8191,8192],{"class":3166,"line":3195},[3164,8193,8194],{"class":3170},"// Фрагмент B\n",[3164,8196,8197,8199,8202,8204,8206,8208,8210,8213],{"class":3166,"line":3207},[3164,8198,7544],{"class":3177},[3164,8200,8201],{"class":3241}," mockRepo",[3164,8203,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,8205,3248],{"class":3177},[3164,8207,3607],{"class":3184},[3164,8209,3610],{"class":3191},[3164,8211,8212],{"class":3184},"IUserRepository",[3164,8214,4167],{"class":3191},[3164,8216,8217,8220,8222,8224,8226,8228,8230,8232,8234,8236,8238,8240,8242,8245,8248,8251,8253,8255,8257],{"class":3166,"line":3223},[3164,8218,8219],{"class":3241},"mockRepo",[3164,8221,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,8223,3632],{"class":3216},[3164,8225,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,8227,3637],{"class":3241},[3164,8229,3640],{"class":3191},[3164,8231,3637],{"class":3241},[3164,8233,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,8235,4709],{"class":3216},[3164,8237,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,8239,4714],{"class":3241},[3164,8241,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,8243,8244],{"class":3216},"NewGuid",[3164,8246,8247],{"class":3191},"())).",[3164,8249,8250],{"class":3216},"ReturnsAsync",[3164,8252,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,8254,3248],{"class":3177},[3164,8256,3296],{"class":3184},[3164,8258,5260],{"class":3191},[3164,8260,8261],{"class":3166,"line":3229},[3164,8262,3350],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3349},[3164,8264,8265],{"class":3166,"line":3235},[3164,8266,8267],{"class":3170},"// Фрагмент C\n",[3164,8269,8270,8272,8274,8277,8279,8281],{"class":3166,"line":3260},[3164,8271,3178],{"class":3177},[3164,8273,3181],{"class":3177},[3164,8275,8276],{"class":3184}," FakeEmailSender",[3164,8278,4649],{"class":3191},[3164,8280,5446],{"class":3184},[3164,8282,8283],{"class":3191}," {\n",[3164,8285,8286,8288,8290,8292,8294,8296,8299,8301,8304,8307,8309],{"class":3166,"line":3284},[3164,8287,3210],{"class":3177},[3164,8289,4667],{"class":3184},[3164,8291,3610],{"class":3191},[3164,8293,7389],{"class":3184},[3164,8295,4675],{"class":3191},[3164,8297,8298],{"class":3241},"SentEmails",[3164,8300,3299],{"class":3191},[3164,8302,8303],{"class":3177},"get",[3164,8305,8306],{"class":3191},"; } = ",[3164,8308,3248],{"class":3177},[3164,8310,4685],{"class":3191},[3164,8312,8313,8315,8317,8320,8322,8324,8327,8330,8332,8334,8336,8338,8340,8342,8345,8347,8349,8351],{"class":3166,"line":3318},[3164,8314,3210],{"class":3177},[3164,8316,4699],{"class":3184},[3164,8318,8319],{"class":3216}," SendAsync",[3164,8321,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,8323,7389],{"class":3184},[3164,8325,8326],{"class":3241}," email",[3164,8328,8329],{"class":3191},") { ",[3164,8331,8298],{"class":3241},[3164,8333,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,8335,4847],{"class":3216},[3164,8337,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,8339,5495],{"class":3241},[3164,8341,3420],{"class":3191},[3164,8343,8344],{"class":4786},"return",[3164,8346,4699],{"class":3241},[3164,8348,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,8350,5551],{"class":3241},[3164,8352,8353],{"class":3191},"; }\n",[3164,8355,8356],{"class":3166,"line":3346},[3164,8357,3435],{"class":3191},[3164,8359,8360],{"class":3166,"line":3353},[3164,8361,3350],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3349},[3164,8363,8364],{"class":3166,"line":3359},[3164,8365,8366],{"class":3170},"// Фрагмент D\n",[3164,8368,8369,8371,8374,8376,8378,8380,8382,8385],{"class":3166,"line":3383},[3164,8370,7544],{"class":3177},[3164,8372,8373],{"class":3241}," mockPayment",[3164,8375,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,8377,3248],{"class":3177},[3164,8379,3607],{"class":3184},[3164,8381,3610],{"class":3191},[3164,8383,8384],{"class":3184},"IPaymentGateway",[3164,8386,4167],{"class":3191},[3164,8388,8389,8392,8394,8396,8398,8400,8402,8404,8406,8409,8411,8413,8415,8417,8419,8421,8423,8425,8427,8429],{"class":3166,"line":3388},[3164,8390,8391],{"class":3241},"mockPayment",[3164,8393,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,8395,3811],{"class":3216},[3164,8397,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,8399,3637],{"class":3241},[3164,8401,3640],{"class":3191},[3164,8403,3637],{"class":3241},[3164,8405,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,8407,8408],{"class":3216},"ChargeAsync",[3164,8410,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,8412,3652],{"class":3241},[3164,8414,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,8416,3657],{"class":3216},[3164,8418,3610],{"class":3191},[3164,8420,6683],{"class":3177},[3164,8422,5307],{"class":3191},[3164,8424,5310],{"class":3241},[3164,8426,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,8428,5315],{"class":3241},[3164,8430,3281],{"class":3191},[3164,8432,8433],{"class":3166,"line":3394},[3164,8434,3350],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3349},[3164,8436,8437],{"class":3166,"line":3426},[3164,8438,8439],{"class":3170},"// Фрагмент E  \n",[3164,8441,8442,8444,8447,8449,8451,8453,8455,8458,8460,8462,8464,8466],{"class":3166,"line":3432},[3164,8443,7544],{"class":3177},[3164,8445,8446],{"class":3241}," spyCache",[3164,8448,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,8450,3248],{"class":3177},[3164,8452,3607],{"class":3184},[3164,8454,3610],{"class":3191},[3164,8456,8457],{"class":3184},"ICache",[3164,8459,5201],{"class":3191},[3164,8461,5204],{"class":3241},[3164,8463,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,8465,5209],{"class":3177},[3164,8467,3315],{"class":3191},[2965,8469,8470,8473,8474,8477],{},[2969,8471,8472],{},"Завдання 1.2"," — Прочитайте оригінальну статтю Мартіна Фаулера ",[3899,8475,7472],{"href":7470,"rel":8476},[3903],". Напишіть конспект (250-300 слів): три найважливіші ідеї та їхнє практичне значення.",[2965,8479,8480,8483,8484,8487],{},[2969,8481,8482],{},"Завдання 1.3"," — Для методу ",[3103,8485,8486],{},"ValidateEmail(string email)"," напишіть по одному тесту в стилі кожної школи. Чим вони відрізняються? Яку поведінку перевіряє кожен?",[8139,8489,8492,8497,8500,8741,8744],{"icon":8490,"title":8491},"i-lucide-bar-chart","Рівень 2: Логіка",[2965,8493,8494],{},[2969,8495,8496],{},"Завдання 2.1 — Детройт vs Лондон у реальному коді",[2965,8498,8499],{},"Дано такий клас:",[3155,8501,8503],{"className":3157,"code":8502,"language":3159,"meta":3160,"style":3160},"public class InvoiceService\n{\n    public InvoiceService(\n        IInvoiceRepository repo,\n        IPdfGenerator pdfGen,\n        IEmailSender email,\n        IVatCalculator vat)\n    { ... }\n\n    public async Task\u003CInvoice> CreateAndSendAsync(OrderDto order)\n    {\n        var vatAmount = vat.Calculate(order.Total, order.CustomerCountry);\n        var invoice = new Invoice(...);\n        await repo.SaveAsync(invoice);\n        var pdf = pdfGen.Generate(invoice);\n        await email.SendAsync(order.CustomerEmail, pdf);\n        return invoice;\n    }\n}\n",[3103,8504,8505,8514,8518,8527,8537,8547,8556,8566,8571,8575,8602,8606,8641,8658,8676,8699,8724,8733,8737],{"__ignoreMap":3160},[3164,8506,8507,8509,8511],{"class":3166,"line":3167},[3164,8508,3178],{"class":3177},[3164,8510,3181],{"class":3177},[3164,8512,8513],{"class":3184}," InvoiceService\n",[3164,8515,8516],{"class":3166,"line":3174},[3164,8517,3192],{"class":3191},[3164,8519,8520,8522,8525],{"class":3166,"line":3188},[3164,8521,3210],{"class":3177},[3164,8523,8524],{"class":3216}," InvoiceService",[3164,8526,3814],{"class":3191},[3164,8528,8529,8532,8535],{"class":3166,"line":3195},[3164,8530,8531],{"class":3184},"        IInvoiceRepository",[3164,8533,8534],{"class":3241}," repo",[3164,8536,5520],{"class":3191},[3164,8538,8539,8542,8545],{"class":3166,"line":3207},[3164,8540,8541],{"class":3184},"        IPdfGenerator",[3164,8543,8544],{"class":3241}," pdfGen",[3164,8546,5520],{"class":3191},[3164,8548,8549,8552,8554],{"class":3166,"line":3223},[3164,8550,8551],{"class":3184},"        IEmailSender",[3164,8553,8326],{"class":3241},[3164,8555,5520],{"class":3191},[3164,8557,8558,8561,8564],{"class":3166,"line":3229},[3164,8559,8560],{"class":3184},"        IVatCalculator",[3164,8562,8563],{"class":3241}," vat",[3164,8565,4720],{"class":3191},[3164,8567,8568],{"class":3166,"line":3235},[3164,8569,8570],{"class":3191},"    { ... }\n",[3164,8572,8573],{"class":3166,"line":3260},[3164,8574,3350],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3349},[3164,8576,8577,8579,8581,8583,8585,8588,8590,8593,8595,8598,8600],{"class":3166,"line":3284},[3164,8578,3210],{"class":3177},[3164,8580,4696],{"class":3177},[3164,8582,4699],{"class":3184},[3164,8584,3610],{"class":3191},[3164,8586,8587],{"class":3184},"Invoice",[3164,8589,4675],{"class":3191},[3164,8591,8592],{"class":3216},"CreateAndSendAsync",[3164,8594,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,8596,8597],{"class":3184},"OrderDto",[3164,8599,5588],{"class":3241},[3164,8601,4720],{"class":3191},[3164,8603,8604],{"class":3166,"line":3318},[3164,8605,3226],{"class":3191},[3164,8607,8608,8610,8613,8615,8618,8620,8622,8624,8626,8628,8630,8632,8634,8636,8639],{"class":3166,"line":3346},[3164,8609,3238],{"class":3177},[3164,8611,8612],{"class":3241}," vatAmount",[3164,8614,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,8616,8617],{"class":3241},"vat",[3164,8619,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,8621,7188],{"class":3216},[3164,8623,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,8625,5630],{"class":3241},[3164,8627,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,8629,3417],{"class":3241},[3164,8631,3375],{"class":3191},[3164,8633,5630],{"class":3241},[3164,8635,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,8637,8638],{"class":3241},"CustomerCountry",[3164,8640,3281],{"class":3191},[3164,8642,8643,8645,8648,8650,8652,8655],{"class":3166,"line":3353},[3164,8644,3238],{"class":3177},[3164,8646,8647],{"class":3241}," invoice",[3164,8649,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,8651,3248],{"class":3177},[3164,8653,8654],{"class":3184}," Invoice",[3164,8656,8657],{"class":3191},"(...);\n",[3164,8659,8660,8662,8664,8666,8669,8671,8674],{"class":3166,"line":3359},[3164,8661,4993],{"class":3177},[3164,8663,8534],{"class":3241},[3164,8665,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,8667,8668],{"class":3216},"SaveAsync",[3164,8670,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,8672,8673],{"class":3241},"invoice",[3164,8675,3281],{"class":3191},[3164,8677,8678,8680,8683,8685,8688,8690,8693,8695,8697],{"class":3166,"line":3383},[3164,8679,3238],{"class":3177},[3164,8681,8682],{"class":3241}," pdf",[3164,8684,3245],{"class":3191},[3164,8686,8687],{"class":3241},"pdfGen",[3164,8689,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,8691,8692],{"class":3216},"Generate",[3164,8694,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,8696,8673],{"class":3241},[3164,8698,3281],{"class":3191},[3164,8700,8701,8703,8705,8707,8709,8711,8713,8715,8717,8719,8722],{"class":3166,"line":3388},[3164,8702,4993],{"class":3177},[3164,8704,8326],{"class":3241},[3164,8706,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,8708,5472],{"class":3216},[3164,8710,3275],{"class":3191},[3164,8712,5630],{"class":3241},[3164,8714,2982],{"class":3191},[3164,8716,5599],{"class":3241},[3164,8718,3375],{"class":3191},[3164,8720,8721],{"class":3241},"pdf",[3164,8723,3281],{"class":3191},[3164,8725,8726,8729,8731],{"class":3166,"line":3394},[3164,8727,8728],{"class":4786},"        return",[3164,8730,8647],{"class":3241},[3164,8732,8185],{"class":3191},[3164,8734,8735],{"class":3166,"line":3426},[3164,8736,3429],{"class":3191},[3164,8738,8739],{"class":3166,"line":3432},[3164,8740,3435],{"class":3191},[2965,8742,8743],{},"Напишіть два повних тести: один у стилі Детройтської школи (з Fake репозиторієм та Fake PDF-генератором), один у стилі Лондонської школи (з Mock для всіх залежностей). Порівняйте: який легше читати? Який легше підтримувати при рефакторингу?",[2965,8745,8746,8749],{},[2969,8747,8748],{},"Завдання 2.2"," — Знайдіть у відкритому проєкті на GitHub 3 тести, що використовують Mock або Stub. Визначте: до якої школи вони ближче? Чи є ознаки over-mocking? Що б ви покращили?",[8139,8751,8754,8759,8762,8765,8770],{"icon":8752,"title":8753},"i-lucide-rocket","Рівень 3: Архітектура",[2965,8755,8756],{},[2969,8757,8758],{},"Завдання 3.1 — Проєктування через тести (Outside-In)",[2965,8760,8761],{},"Скористайтеся методологією Лондонської школи (Outside-In TDD) для реалізації невеликої фічі: \"Користувач може замовити доставку. Система перевіряє наявність товару, розраховує вартість доставки, резервує товар і відправляє підтвердження на email.\"",[2965,8763,8764],{},"Починайте з acceptance test. Опускайтесь вглиб шар за шаром, на кожному шарі пишучи unit-тест з моками для нижнього шару. Реалізуйте всі класи, що виникають у процесі.",[2965,8766,8767],{},[2969,8768,8769],{},"Завдання 3.2 — Рефакторинг тестів",[2965,8771,8772],{},"Дано набір \"brittle\" тестів — тестів, що прив'язані до реалізації через надмірне мокування. Задача: переписати їх у стилі Детройтської школи, де це доцільно, зберігши при цьому перевірку важливих side effects через Мок/Spy там, де це необхідно. Задокументуйте рішення: що залишилось з Лондонської школи і чому.",[2965,8774,8775],{},"::",[3029,8777],{},[2960,8779,8781],{"id":8780},"підсумок","Підсумок",[8783,8784,8785,8790],"note",{},[2965,8786,8787],{},[2969,8788,8789],{},"Ключові думки цієї статті:",[2998,8791,8792,8798,8804,8810,8816,8822,8828],{},[3001,8793,8794,8797],{},[2969,8795,8796],{},"Детройтська школа (Classicist)",": перевіряє стан (State Verification), мінімальне мокування, Inside-Out TDD. Тести стійкіші до рефакторингу, вища документаційна цінність.",[3001,8799,8800,8803],{},[2969,8801,8802],{},"Лондонська школа (Mockist)",": перевіряє взаємодію (Behaviour Verification), моки для всіх залежностей, Outside-In TDD. Сильніший дизайн-тиск, краще виявляє design problems.",[3001,8805,8806,8809],{},[2969,8807,8808],{},"Таксономія Test Doubles",": Dummy (заповнювач) → Stub (постачальник даних) → Fake (спрощена реалізація) → Spy (записує виклики) → Mock (верифікує взаємодію).",[3001,8811,8812,8815],{},[2969,8813,8814],{},"State vs Behaviour",": State Verification стійкіша до рефакторингу; Behaviour Verification регресує швидше, але дає кращий дизайн-feedback.",[3001,8817,8818,8821],{},[2969,8819,8820],{},"Практичне правило",": Детройт для domain logic та алгоритмів, Лондон для зовнішніх сервісів та event-driven коду.",[3001,8823,8824,8827],{},[2969,8825,8826],{},"\"Don't Mock What You Don't Own\"",": мокуйте лише власні абстракції, не бібліотечні класи.",[3001,8829,8830,8832],{},[2969,8831,7752],{}," — анти-патерн; якщо Setup займає більше рядків, ніж Assert — переглядайте дизайн production коду.",[2965,8834,8835,8836,2982],{},"Наступна стаття ставить питання, що нерозривно пов'язане зі школами: 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теоретичний розбір двох фундаментально різних підходів до unit-тестування — Класичної (Детройтської) та Лондонської шкіл. 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