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Програмування","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fsystem-programming-windows\u002Fasync-fundamentals","01.csharp\u002F07.system-programming-windows\u002F12.async-fundamentals",{"title":344,"path":345,"stem":346},"SynchronizationContext та ConfigureAwait — Контекст Виконання","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fsystem-programming-windows\u002Fasync-context-configureawait","01.csharp\u002F07.system-programming-windows\u002F13.async-context-configureawait",{"title":348,"path":349,"stem":350},"Async — Просунуті Паттерни","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fsystem-programming-windows\u002Fasync-advanced","01.csharp\u002F07.system-programming-windows\u002F14.async-advanced",{"title":352,"path":353,"stem":354},"System.Threading.Channels — Async Producer-Consumer","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fsystem-programming-windows\u002Fchannels","01.csharp\u002F07.system-programming-windows\u002F15.channels",{"title":356,"path":357,"stem":358},"Асинхронна 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ОС","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fsystem-programming-windows\u002Fwindows-hooks-services","01.csharp\u002F07.system-programming-windows\u002F20.windows-hooks-services",{"title":376,"path":377,"stem":378},"Системне Програмування C# (Windows) — 07.system-programming-windows","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fsystem-programming-windows\u002Fimplementation_plan","01.csharp\u002F07.system-programming-windows\u002Fimplementation_plan",{"title":380,"icon":132,"path":381,"stem":382,"children":383,"page":59},"Io","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fio","01.csharp\u002F08.io",[384,388,392,396,400],{"title":385,"path":386,"stem":387},"8.1.1. Основи роботи з файловою системою","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fio\u002Ffile-system-basics","01.csharp\u002F08.io\u002F01.file-system-basics",{"title":389,"path":390,"stem":391},"8.1.2. Потоки (Streams) та Серіалізація Даних","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fio\u002Fstreams-serialization","01.csharp\u002F08.io\u002F02.streams-serialization",{"title":393,"path":394,"stem":395},"8.2.1. JSON Serialization з System.Text.Json","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fio\u002Fjson-serialization","01.csharp\u002F08.io\u002F03.json-serialization",{"title":397,"path":398,"stem":399},"8.2.2. XML Serialization та LINQ to XML","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fio\u002Fxml-serialization","01.csharp\u002F08.io\u002F04.xml-serialization",{"title":401,"path":402,"stem":403},"8.2.3. Binary Serialization: MessagePack та Protocol Buffers","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fio\u002Fbinary-serialization","01.csharp\u002F08.io\u002F05.binary-serialization",{"title":405,"icon":132,"path":406,"stem":407,"children":408,"page":59},"Ado Net","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fado-net","01.csharp\u002F09.ado-net",[409,413,417,421,425,429,433,437,441,445,449,453],{"title":410,"path":411,"stem":412},"9.1. Введення в ADO.NET","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fado-net\u002Fintroduction-to-adonet","01.csharp\u002F09.ado-net\u002F01.introduction-to-adonet",{"title":414,"path":415,"stem":416},"9.2. Клас DbConnection — з'єднання з базою даних","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fado-net\u002Fconnection","01.csharp\u002F09.ado-net\u002F02.connection",{"title":418,"path":419,"stem":420},"9.3. Клас DbCommand — виконання SQL-запитів","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fado-net\u002Fcommand-and-queries","01.csharp\u002F09.ado-net\u002F03.command-and-queries",{"title":422,"path":423,"stem":424},"9.4. Клас DbDataReader — ефективне читання даних","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fado-net\u002Fdatareader","01.csharp\u002F09.ado-net\u002F04.datareader",{"title":426,"path":427,"stem":428},"9.5. Параметризовані запити та захист від SQL Injection","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fado-net\u002Fparameters-and-sql-injection","01.csharp\u002F09.ado-net\u002F05.parameters-and-sql-injection",{"title":430,"path":431,"stem":432},"9.6. Транзакції в ADO.NET","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fado-net\u002Ftransactions","01.csharp\u002F09.ado-net\u002F06.transactions",{"title":434,"path":435,"stem":436},"9.7. DbProviderFactory — провайдер-незалежний код","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fado-net\u002Fprovider-factory","01.csharp\u002F09.ado-net\u002F07.provider-factory",{"title":438,"path":439,"stem":440},"9.8. Асинхронний доступ до даних","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fado-net\u002Fasync-data-access","01.csharp\u002F09.ado-net\u002F08.async-data-access",{"title":442,"path":443,"stem":444},"9.9. Від'єднаний режим: DataSet, DataTable, DataRow","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fado-net\u002Fdisconnected-mode-dataset","01.csharp\u002F09.ado-net\u002F09.disconnected-mode-dataset",{"title":446,"path":447,"stem":448},"9.10. DataAdapter — міст між DataSet та базою даних","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fado-net\u002Fdata-adapter","01.csharp\u002F09.ado-net\u002F10.data-adapter",{"title":450,"path":451,"stem":452},"9.11. Data Mapper та Repository: Архітектура доступу до даних","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fado-net\u002Fdata-mapper-repository","01.csharp\u002F09.ado-net\u002F11.data-mapper-repository",{"title":454,"path":455,"stem":456},"9.12. Identity Map, Unit of Work та Specification Pattern","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fado-net\u002Fadvanced-patterns","01.csharp\u002F09.ado-net\u002F12.advanced-patterns",{"title":458,"icon":255,"path":459,"stem":460,"children":461,"page":59},"Ef Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core",[462,466,470,474,478,482,486,490,494,498,502,506,510,514,518,522,526,532,538,542,546,550,554,558,562,566,570,574,578,582,586,590,594,598,602,606,610,614,618,622,626,630,634,638,642,646],{"title":463,"path":464,"stem":465},"Що таке ORM? Від SQL до об'єктів","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fwhat-is-orm","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F01.what-is-orm",{"title":467,"path":468,"stem":469},"Перший проєкт — від нуля до CRUD","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Ffirst-project","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F02.first-project",{"title":471,"path":472,"stem":473},"DbContext — Серце EF Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fdbcontext-deep-dive","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F03.dbcontext-deep-dive",{"title":475,"path":476,"stem":477},"Провайдери баз даних — Архітектура та Вибір СУБД","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fdatabase-providers","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F04.database-providers",{"title":479,"path":480,"stem":481},"Конвенції EF Core — Магія без конфігурації","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fconventions","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F05.conventions",{"title":483,"path":484,"stem":485},"Fluent API та Data Annotations — Явна конфігурація моделі","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Ffluent-api-vs-annotations","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F06.fluent-api-vs-annotations",{"title":487,"path":488,"stem":489},"Зв'язки — One-to-One та One-to-Many","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Frelationships-basics","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F07.relationships-basics",{"title":491,"path":492,"stem":493},"Зв'язки Advanced — Many-to-Many та Складні Сценарії","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Frelationships-advanced","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F08.relationships-advanced",{"title":495,"path":496,"stem":497},"Властивості — Типи, Конвертери, Компаратори (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fproperty-configuration-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F09.property-configuration-part1",{"title":499,"path":500,"stem":501},"Властивості — Value Comparers, Generators, Shadow Properties (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fproperty-configuration-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F09.property-configuration-part2",{"title":503,"path":504,"stem":505},"Складні типи — Owned Types та Complex Types (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fcomplex-types-owned-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F10.complex-types-owned-part1",{"title":507,"path":508,"stem":509},"Складні типи — Complex Types, Keyless Entities, Порівняння (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fcomplex-types-owned-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F10.complex-types-owned-part2",{"title":511,"path":512,"stem":513},"JSON Columns — Складні дані у JSON (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fjson-columns-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F11.json-columns-part1",{"title":515,"path":516,"stem":517},"JSON Columns — Value Comparers, Індекси, Провайдери (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fjson-columns-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F11.json-columns-part2",{"title":519,"path":520,"stem":521},"Успадкування — Абстрактні класи та TPH (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Finheritance-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F12.inheritance-part1",{"title":523,"path":524,"stem":525},"Успадкування — TPT, TPC та Порівняння Стратегій (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Finheritance-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F12.inheritance-part2",{"title":527,"path":528,"stem":529,"children":530},"Індекси, Обмеження та Схема (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Findexes-constraints-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F13.indexes-constraints-part1",[531],{"title":527,"path":528,"stem":529},{"title":533,"path":534,"stem":535,"children":536},"Індекси, Обмеження та Схема (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Findexes-constraints-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F13.indexes-constraints-part2",[537],{"title":533,"path":534,"stem":535},{"title":539,"path":540,"stem":541},"Seed Data — Початкові Дані (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fseeding-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F14.seeding-part1",{"title":543,"path":544,"stem":545},"Seed Data — SQL-скрипти, Bogus та Стратегії (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fseeding-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F14.seeding-part2",{"title":547,"path":548,"stem":549},"Global Query Filters — Глобальні Фільтри (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fglobal-query-filters-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F15.global-query-filters-part1",{"title":551,"path":552,"stem":553},"Global Query Filters — Підводні камені та Інтеграція (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fglobal-query-filters-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F15.global-query-filters-part2",{"title":555,"path":556,"stem":557},"LINQ-запити в EF Core (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Flinq-queries-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F16.linq-queries-part1",{"title":559,"path":560,"stem":561},"LINQ-запити в EF Core (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Flinq-queries-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F16.linq-queries-part2",{"title":563,"path":564,"stem":565},"Завантаження Пов'язаних Даних (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Floading-related-data-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F17.loading-related-data-part1",{"title":567,"path":568,"stem":569},"Завантаження Пов'язаних Даних (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Floading-related-data-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F17.loading-related-data-part2",{"title":571,"path":572,"stem":573},"Raw SQL, Views та Stored Procedures (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fraw-sql-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F18.raw-sql-part1",{"title":575,"path":576,"stem":577},"Raw SQL — Stored Procedures, DbFunction та Bulk Operations (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fraw-sql-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F18.raw-sql-part2",{"title":579,"path":580,"stem":581},"Продвинуті Запити — Compiled Queries, Bulk та Оптимізація (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fadvanced-queries-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F19.advanced-queries-part1",{"title":583,"path":584,"stem":585},"Продвинуті Запити — Query Tags, Bulk та Interceptors (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fadvanced-queries-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F19.advanced-queries-part2",{"title":587,"path":588,"stem":589},"Change Tracker — Відстеження Змін (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fchange-tracking-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F20.change-tracking-part1",{"title":591,"path":592,"stem":593},"Change Tracker — Графи Об'єктів та Disconnected (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fchange-tracking-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F20.change-tracking-part2",{"title":595,"path":596,"stem":597},"Збереження Даних та Транзакції (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fsaving-data-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F21.saving-data-part1",{"title":599,"path":600,"stem":601},"Збереження Даних — Concurrency та Outbox (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fsaving-data-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F21.saving-data-part2",{"title":603,"path":604,"stem":605},"Конкурентність та Блокування (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fconcurrency-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F22.concurrency-part1",{"title":607,"path":608,"stem":609},"Конкурентність — Дедлоки та Queue Processing (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fconcurrency-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F22.concurrency-part2",{"title":611,"path":612,"stem":613},"Міграції в EF Core — Основи (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fmigrations-basics-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F23.migrations-basics-part1",{"title":615,"path":616,"stem":617},"Міграції в EF Core — Основи (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fmigrations-basics-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F23.migrations-basics-part2",{"title":619,"path":620,"stem":621},"Міграції — Просунуті Сценарії (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fmigrations-advanced-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F24.migrations-advanced-part1",{"title":623,"path":624,"stem":625},"Міграції — Просунуті Сценарії (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fmigrations-advanced-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F24.migrations-advanced-part2",{"title":627,"path":628,"stem":629},"Управління Схемою та Database-First (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fschema-management-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F25.schema-management-part1",{"title":631,"path":632,"stem":633},"Управління Схемою та Database-First (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fschema-management-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F25.schema-management-part2",{"title":635,"path":636,"stem":637},"Продуктивність EF Core — Основи (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fperformance-fundamentals-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F26.performance-fundamentals-part1",{"title":639,"path":640,"stem":641},"Interceptors в EF Core (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Finterceptors-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F29.interceptors-part1",{"title":643,"path":644,"stem":645},"Interceptors в EF Core — Connection, Transaction та Materialization (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Finterceptors-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F29.interceptors-part2",{"title":647,"path":648,"stem":649},"План вивчення Entity Framework Core — Повний курс","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fimplementation_plan","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002Fimplementation_plan",{"title":651,"icon":652,"path":653,"stem":654,"children":655,"page":59},"ASP.NET","i-devicon-dotnetcore","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet",[656,730,791,869,927,941,967,1057,1111,1182,1212,1289,1346],{"title":657,"icon":658,"path":659,"stem":660,"children":661,"page":59},"Minimal API","i-lucide-network","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api",[662,666,670,674,678,682,686,690,694,698,702,706,710,714,718,722,726],{"title":663,"path":664,"stem":665},"Вступ до ASP.NET та еволюція фреймворку","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Fintroduction","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F01.introduction",{"title":667,"path":668,"stem":669},"Перший додаток на ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Ffirst-application","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F02.first-application",{"title":671,"path":672,"stem":673},"WebApplication, Builder та Dependency Injection","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Fwebapplication-builder","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F03.webapplication-builder",{"title":675,"path":676,"stem":677},"Конвеєр запитів та Middleware","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Frequest-pipeline-middleware","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F04.request-pipeline-middleware",{"title":679,"path":680,"stem":681},"Маршрутизація в ASP.NET Core: Основи","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Frouting-basics","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F05.routing-basics",{"title":683,"path":684,"stem":685},"Маршрутизація в ASP.NET Core: Розширені можливості","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Frouting-advanced","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F06.routing-advanced",{"title":687,"path":688,"stem":689},"Статичні файли в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Fstatic-files","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F07.static-files",{"title":691,"path":692,"stem":693},"Статичні Активи: MapStaticAssets (ASP.NET Core 9.0)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Fstatic-assets","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F08.static-assets",{"title":695,"path":696,"stem":697},"Конфігурація в ASP.NET Core: Основи","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Fconfiguration-fundamentals","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F09.configuration-fundamentals",{"title":699,"path":700,"stem":701},"Конфігурація: Паттерн Options","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Fconfiguration-options","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F10.configuration-options",{"title":703,"path":704,"stem":705},"Логування в ASP.NET Core: Основи","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Flogging-basics","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F11.logging-basics",{"title":707,"path":708,"stem":709},"Логування: Serilog та Middleware","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Flogging-advanced","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F12.logging-advanced",{"title":711,"path":712,"stem":713},"Управління станом: HttpContext.Items та Cookies","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Fstate-management","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F13.state-management",{"title":715,"path":716,"stem":717},"Стан сесії: Sessions","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Fsession-state","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F14.session-state",{"title":719,"path":720,"stem":721},"Структура проєкту: від хаосу до архітектури","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Fproject-structure","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F15.project-structure",{"title":723,"path":724,"stem":725},"Scalar у Minimal API: повний проєкт і Fluent OpenAPI","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Fscalar-openapi-fluent","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F16.scalar-openapi-fluent",{"title":727,"path":728,"stem":729},"Swagger \u002F Swashbuckle у Minimal API: окремий класичний шлях","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Fswagger-swashbuckle","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F17.swagger-swashbuckle",{"title":731,"icon":658,"path":732,"stem":733,"children":734,"page":59},"API","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api",[735,739,743,747,751,755,759,763,767,771,775,779,783,787],{"title":736,"path":737,"stem":738},"Що таке API. Клієнт-серверна архітектура","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Fwhat-is-api","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F01.what-is-api",{"title":740,"path":741,"stem":742},"Формати даних: JSON, XML, TOML та бінарні формати","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Fdata-formats","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F02.data-formats",{"title":744,"path":745,"stem":746},"Парадигми API та концепція REST","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Fapi-paradigms-rest","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F03.api-paradigms-rest",{"title":748,"path":749,"stem":750},"HTTP-методи, статус-коди та заголовки","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Fhttp-methods-status-codes","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F04.http-methods-status-codes",{"title":752,"path":753,"stem":754},"Організація HTTP API за принципами REST","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Frest-organizing","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F05.rest-organizing",{"title":756,"path":757,"stem":758},"Номенклатура URL та CRUD-операції","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Furl-nomenclature-crud","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F06.url-nomenclature-crud",{"title":760,"path":761,"stem":762},"Правила дизайну: іменування та стандарти","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Fapi-design-naming","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F07.api-design-naming",{"title":764,"path":765,"stem":766},"Валідація, ліміти та обробка помилок","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Fapi-design-validation","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F08.api-design-validation",{"title":768,"path":769,"stem":770},"Обробка помилок у Minimal API","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Ferror-handling-http","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F09.error-handling-http",{"title":772,"path":773,"stem":774},"Ідемпотентність та синхронізація стану","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Fidempotency-sync","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F10.idempotency-sync",{"title":776,"path":777,"stem":778},"Пагінація та організація списків","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Fpagination-lists","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F11.pagination-lists",{"title":780,"path":781,"stem":782},"Безпека API, кешування та інтернаціоналізація","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Fsecurity-auth","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F12.security-auth",{"title":784,"path":785,"stem":786},"Процес проєктування API та документування","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Fapi-design-process","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F13.api-design-process",{"title":788,"path":789,"stem":790},"OpenAPI: контракт, специфікація та документація API","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Fopenapi","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F14.openapi",{"title":792,"icon":793,"path":794,"stem":795,"children":796,"page":59},"Auth","i-lucide-shield-check","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth",[797,801,805,809,813,817,821,825,829,833,837,841,845,849,853,857,861,865],{"title":798,"path":799,"stem":800},"Основи аутентифікації та авторизації","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Fauth-fundamentals","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F01.auth-fundamentals",{"title":802,"path":803,"stem":804},"JWT-аутентифікація","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Fjwt-authentication","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F02.jwt-authentication",{"title":806,"path":807,"stem":808},"Авторизація: ролі, політики та resource-based доступ","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Fauthorization-policies","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F03.authorization-policies",{"title":810,"path":811,"stem":812},"Cookie-аутентифікація та ASP.NET Core Identity","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Fcookie-auth-identity","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F04.cookie-auth-identity",{"title":814,"path":815,"stem":816},"JWT + Refresh Tokens (HttpOnly Cookie)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002F04b.identity-auth-jwt","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F04b.identity-auth-jwt",{"title":818,"path":819,"stem":820},"Identity: Підтвердження Email та Скидання Пароля","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Fidentity-email-confirmation","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F05.identity-email-confirmation",{"title":822,"path":823,"stem":824},"Identity: Двофакторна Аутентифікація (2FA)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Fidentity-two-factor","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F06.identity-two-factor",{"title":826,"path":827,"stem":828},"Identity: Внутрішня Архітектура та Кастомізація","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Fidentity-internals","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F07.identity-internals",{"title":830,"path":831,"stem":832},"OAuth 2.0 та зовнішні провайдери","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Foauth-external-providers","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F08.oauth-external-providers",{"title":834,"path":835,"stem":836},"Безпека на практиці: CORS, HTTPS та захист від атак","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Fsecurity-hardening","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F09.security-hardening",{"title":838,"path":839,"stem":840},"Теорія OAuth 2.0: Поняття, Аналогії та Флоу","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Foauth-theory","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F10.oauth-theory",{"title":842,"path":843,"stem":844},"OIDC, OAuth 2.0 та Keycloak в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Foidc-keycloak","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F10.oidc-keycloak",{"title":846,"path":847,"stem":848},"API Keys аутентифікація в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Fapi-keys","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F11.api-keys",{"title":850,"path":851,"stem":852},"Rate Limiting та Throttling в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Frate-limiting","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F12.rate-limiting",{"title":854,"path":855,"stem":856},"Refresh Token Rotation в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Frefresh-token-rotation","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F13.refresh-token-rotation",{"title":858,"path":859,"stem":860},"Certificate Authentication та mTLS в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Fcertificate-auth","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F14.certificate-auth",{"title":862,"path":863,"stem":864},"RBAC, ABAC та ReBAC в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Frbac-abac-rebac","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F15.rbac-abac-rebac",{"title":866,"path":867,"stem":868},"Multi-tenancy та ізоляція даних в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Fmulti-tenancy","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F16.multi-tenancy",{"title":870,"icon":871,"path":872,"stem":873,"children":874,"page":59},"Нотифікації","i-lucide-bell","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications",[875,879,883,887,891,895,899,903,907,911,915,919,923],{"title":876,"path":877,"stem":878},"In-App нотифікації через базу даних","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications\u002Fin-app-database-notifications","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications\u002F01.in-app-database-notifications",{"title":880,"path":881,"stem":882},"Polling: Регулярний запит оновлень","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications\u002Fpolling","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications\u002F02.polling",{"title":884,"path":885,"stem":886},"Server-Sent Events: Однострімовий push від сервера","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications\u002Fserver-sent-events","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications\u002F03.server-sent-events",{"title":888,"path":889,"stem":890},"WebSockets: Двостороннє з'єднання в реальному часі","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications\u002Fwebsockets","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications\u002F04.websockets",{"title":892,"path":893,"stem":894},"SignalR: Абстракція над транспортами реального часу","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications\u002Fsignalr","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications\u002F05.signalr",{"title":896,"path":897,"stem":898},"Background Services: Фонові задачі в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications\u002Fbackground-services","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications\u002F06.background-services",{"title":900,"path":901,"stem":902},"Web Push нотифікації","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications\u002Fweb-push","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications\u002F07.web-push",{"title":904,"path":905,"stem":906},"Email нотифікації","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications\u002Femail-notifications","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications\u002F08.email-notifications",{"title":908,"path":909,"stem":910},"Порівняння підходів: Як вибрати правильну технологію нотифікацій","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications\u002Fchoosing-the-right-approach","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications\u002F09.choosing-the-right-approach",{"title":912,"path":913,"stem":914},"Hangfire: Надійне планування фонових задач","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications\u002Fhangfire","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications\u002F10.hangfire",{"title":916,"path":917,"stem":918},"Практика: Конвертація зображень у WebP через Hangfire","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications\u002Fhangfire-image-webp","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications\u002F11.hangfire-image-webp",{"title":920,"path":921,"stem":922},"Практика: Підготовка відео до HLS-стрімінгу через Hangfire","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications\u002Fhangfire-video-hls","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications\u002F12.hangfire-video-hls",{"title":924,"path":925,"stem":926},"Telegram-нотифікації: від одного повідомлення до масових розсилок і мульти-канального підходу","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications\u002Ftelegram-notifications","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications\u002F13.telegram-notifications",{"title":928,"icon":929,"path":930,"stem":931,"children":932,"page":59},"Інтернаціоналізація","i-lucide-languages","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fi18n","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F05.i18n",[933,937],{"title":934,"path":935,"stem":936},"Інтернаціоналізація (i18n) у Minimal API: від A до Я","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fi18n\u002Finternationalization","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F05.i18n\u002F01.internationalization",{"title":938,"path":939,"stem":940},"Humanizer: людиномовні рядки у .NET","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fi18n\u002Fhumanizer","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F05.i18n\u002F02.humanizer",{"title":942,"icon":943,"path":944,"stem":945,"children":946,"page":59},"Кешування","i-lucide-layers","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fcaching","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F06.caching",[947,951,955,959,963],{"title":948,"path":949,"stem":950},"Огляд кешування: чотири рівні і коли що обирати","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fcaching\u002Fcaching","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F06.caching\u002F01.caching",{"title":952,"path":953,"stem":954},"IMemoryCache: кеш в оперативній пам'яті","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fcaching\u002Fmemory-cache","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F06.caching\u002F02.memory-cache",{"title":956,"path":957,"stem":958},"IDistributedCache і Redis: розподілений кеш","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fcaching\u002Fdistributed-cache","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F06.caching\u002F03.distributed-cache",{"title":960,"path":961,"stem":962},"Response Cache: HTTP-кешування через Cache-Control","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fcaching\u002Fresponse-cache","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F06.caching\u002F04.response-cache",{"title":964,"path":965,"stem":966},"Output Cache: серверний кеш HTTP-відповідей (.NET 7+)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fcaching\u002Foutput-cache","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F06.caching\u002F05.output-cache",{"title":968,"icon":969,"path":970,"stem":971,"children":972,"page":59},"Тестування","i-lucide-test-tube","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing",[973,977,981,985,989,993,997,1001,1005,1009,1013,1017,1021,1025,1029,1033,1037,1041,1045,1049,1053],{"title":974,"path":975,"stem":976},"Що таке тестування? Від інтуїції до науки","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fwhat-is-testing","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F01.what-is-testing",{"title":978,"path":979,"stem":980},"Піраміда тестування — Стратегія, а не Догма","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Ftesting-pyramid","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F02.testing-pyramid",{"title":982,"path":983,"stem":984},"Дві Школи Тестування — Лондон проти Детройту","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Ftesting-schools","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F03.testing-schools",{"title":986,"path":987,"stem":988},"TDD та BDD — Тести як Дизайн-інструмент","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Ftdd-and-bdd","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F04.tdd-and-bdd",{"title":990,"path":991,"stem":992},"Що саме тестувати — Техніки аналізу та Циклomatична складність","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fwhat-to-test","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F05.what-to-test",{"title":994,"path":995,"stem":996},"Тестові Фреймворки — Навіщо вони і що всередині","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Ftest-frameworks","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F06.test-frameworks",{"title":998,"path":999,"stem":1000},"xUnit — Факти, Теорії та Lifecycle тестів","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fxunit-basics","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F07.xunit-basics",{"title":1002,"path":1003,"stem":1004},"xUnit Advanced — Fixtures, Кастомізація та Розширення","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fxunit-advanced","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F08.xunit-advanced",{"title":1006,"path":1007,"stem":1008},"Moq — Глибоке занурення в мокування","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fmocking-with-moq","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F09.mocking-with-moq",{"title":1010,"path":1011,"stem":1012},"Тестування Баз Даних — EF Core, SQLite та Testcontainers","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fdatabase-testing","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F10.database-testing",{"title":1014,"path":1015,"stem":1016},"Integration Testing — Частина 1 [Теорія та WebApplicationFactory]","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fintegration-testing","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F11.integration-testing",{"title":1018,"path":1019,"stem":1020},"Інтеграційне тестування — Практика","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002F11a.integration-testing-practice","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F11a.integration-testing-practice",{"title":1022,"path":1023,"stem":1024},"Integration Testing — Частина 2 [Просунуті Сценарії та Testcontainers]","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fintegration-testing-advanced","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F12.integration-testing-advanced",{"title":1026,"path":1027,"stem":1028},"Професійний Postman: Колекції, Змінні та GitHub Інтеграція","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fpostman-professional","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F13.postman-professional",{"title":1030,"path":1031,"stem":1032},"HttpClient у Тестах Частина 1: Архітектура та MockHttpMessageHandler","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fhttpclient-testing","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F14.httpclient-testing",{"title":1034,"path":1035,"stem":1036},"HttpClient у Тестах Частина 2: WireMock.Net та Resilience","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fwiremock-net","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F15.wiremock-net",{"title":1038,"path":1039,"stem":1040},"Патерни та Анти-патерни Тестування: Test Smells","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Ftesting-patterns","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F16.testing-patterns",{"title":1042,"path":1043,"stem":1044},"Просунуті інструменти: Time, Snapshots та Властивості","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fadvanced-testing-tools","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F17.advanced-testing-tools",{"title":1046,"path":1047,"stem":1048},"Тестування Архітектури з NetArchTest","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Farchitecture-testing","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F18.architecture-testing",{"title":1050,"path":1051,"stem":1052},"Тестування Продуктивності: BenchmarkDotNet, NBomber та k6","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fperformance-testing","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F19.performance-testing",{"title":1054,"path":1055,"stem":1056},"Залишок плану для курсу \"Тестування ASP.NET Minimal API\"","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fremaining_plan","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002Fremaining_plan",{"title":1058,"icon":1059,"path":1060,"stem":1061,"children":1062,"page":59},"Платежі","i-lucide-credit-card","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fpayments","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F08.payments",[1063,1067,1071,1075,1079,1083,1087,1091,1095,1099,1103,1107],{"title":1064,"path":1065,"stem":1066},"Основи платіжної інфраструктури","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fpayments\u002Fpayment-fundamentals","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F08.payments\u002F01.payment-fundamentals",{"title":1068,"path":1069,"stem":1070},"Методи оплати в Україні","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fpayments\u002Fpayment-methods-ukraine","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F08.payments\u002F02.payment-methods-ukraine",{"title":1072,"path":1073,"stem":1074},"PCI DSS та безпека платежів","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fpayments\u002Fpci-dss-security","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F08.payments\u002F03.pci-dss-security",{"title":1076,"path":1077,"stem":1078},"Архітектура платіжної підсистеми","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fpayments\u002Fpayment-architecture","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F08.payments\u002F04.payment-architecture",{"title":1080,"path":1081,"stem":1082},"Інтеграція LiqPay (ПриватБанк)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fpayments\u002Fliqpay-integration","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F08.payments\u002F05.liqpay-integration",{"title":1084,"path":1085,"stem":1086},"Інтеграція Monobank Acquiring API","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fpayments\u002Fmonobank-acquiring","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F08.payments\u002F06.monobank-acquiring",{"title":1088,"path":1089,"stem":1090},"Інтеграція Stripe","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fpayments\u002Fstripe-integration","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F08.payments\u002F07.stripe-integration",{"title":1092,"path":1093,"stem":1094},"Webhooks — глибоке занурення","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fpayments\u002Fwebhooks-deep-dive","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F08.payments\u002F08.webhooks-deep-dive",{"title":1096,"path":1097,"stem":1098},"Підписки та рекурентні платежі","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fpayments\u002Fsubscriptions-recurring","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F08.payments\u002F09.subscriptions-recurring",{"title":1100,"path":1101,"stem":1102},"Повернення коштів та диспути","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fpayments\u002Frefunds-disputes","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F08.payments\u002F10.refunds-disputes",{"title":1104,"path":1105,"stem":1106},"Тестування платіжних інтеграцій","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fpayments\u002Ftesting-payments","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F08.payments\u002F11.testing-payments",{"title":1108,"path":1109,"stem":1110},"Чекліст виходу в Production","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fpayments\u002Fproduction-checklist","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F08.payments\u002F12.production-checklist",{"title":1112,"icon":1113,"items":1114,"path":1127,"stem":1128,"children":1129,"page":59},"Популярні бібліотеки","lucide:box",[1115,1116,1117,1118,1119,1120,1121,1122,1123,1124,1125,1126],"01.fluent-validation","02.mapster","03.erroror-result-pattern","04.serilog","05.mediatr","06.polly","07.health-checks","08.feature-management","09.fluent-email","10.quest-pdf","11.bogus","12.humanizer-guard","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries",[1130,1134,1138,1142,1146,1150,1154,1158,1162,1166,1170,1174,1178],{"title":1131,"path":1132,"stem":1133},"Валідація з FluentValidation в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries\u002Ffluent-validation","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries\u002F01.fluent-validation",{"title":1135,"path":1136,"stem":1137},"Маппінг об","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries\u002Fmapster","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries\u002F02.mapster",{"title":1139,"path":1140,"stem":1141},"Обробка помилок з ErrorOr та Result Pattern в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries\u002Ferroror-result-pattern","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries\u002F03.erroror-result-pattern",{"title":1143,"path":1144,"stem":1145},"Структуроване логування з Serilog в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries\u002Fserilog","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries\u002F04.serilog",{"title":1147,"path":1148,"stem":1149},"CQRS та Mediator з MediatR в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries\u002Fmediatr","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries\u002F05.mediatr",{"title":1151,"path":1152,"stem":1153},"Відмовостійкість з Polly в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries\u002Fpolly","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries\u002F06.polly",{"title":1155,"path":1156,"stem":1157},"Health Checks в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries\u002Fhealth-checks","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries\u002F07.health-checks",{"title":1159,"path":1160,"stem":1161},"Feature Management та Feature Flags в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries\u002Ffeature-management","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries\u002F08.feature-management",{"title":1163,"path":1164,"stem":1165},"Відправка Email з FluentEmail в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries\u002Ffluent-email","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries\u002F09.fluent-email",{"title":1167,"path":1168,"stem":1169},"Генерація PDF з QuestPDF в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries\u002Fquest-pdf","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries\u002F10.quest-pdf",{"title":1171,"path":1172,"stem":1173},"Генерація тестових даних з Bogus в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries\u002Fbogus","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries\u002F11.bogus",{"title":1175,"path":1176,"stem":1177},"Humanizer та Guard Clauses в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries\u002Fhumanizer-guard","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries\u002F12.humanizer-guard",{"title":1179,"path":1180,"stem":1181},"План модуля 10.libraries — Популярні бібліотеки ASP.NET","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries\u002Fplan","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries\u002Fplan",{"title":1183,"icon":1184,"path":1185,"stem":1186,"children":1187,"page":59},"Razor Pages","i-lucide-layout-template","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Frazor-pages","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F10.razor-pages",[1188,1192,1196,1200,1204,1208],{"title":1189,"path":1190,"stem":1191},"Від Minimal API до Razor Pages: концептуальний перехід","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Frazor-pages\u002Ffrom-minimal-api","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F10.razor-pages\u002F01.from-minimal-api",{"title":1193,"path":1194,"stem":1195},"PageModel: логіка сторінки Razor Pages","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Frazor-pages\u002Fpage-model","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F10.razor-pages\u002F02.page-model",{"title":1197,"path":1198,"stem":1199},"Razor синтаксис: шаблонізатор у .cshtml","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Frazor-pages\u002Frazor-syntax","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F10.razor-pages\u002F03.razor-syntax",{"title":1201,"path":1202,"stem":1203},"Tag Helpers: типізований HTML","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Frazor-pages\u002Ftag-helpers","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F10.razor-pages\u002F04.tag-helpers",{"title":1205,"path":1206,"stem":1207},"Форми і валідація: повний цикл обробки даних","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Frazor-pages\u002Fforms-validation","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F10.razor-pages\u002F05.forms-validation",{"title":1209,"path":1210,"stem":1211},"Практичний проєкт: TaskManager на Razor Pages","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Frazor-pages\u002Fproject-task-manager","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F10.razor-pages\u002F06.project-task-manager",{"title":1213,"path":1214,"stem":1215,"children":1216,"page":59},"ASP.NET Core MVC","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc",[1217,1221,1225,1229,1233,1237,1241,1245,1249,1253,1257,1261,1265,1269,1273,1277,1281,1285],{"title":1218,"path":1219,"stem":1220},"Патерн MVC: архітектура, що змінила веб","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fmvc-pattern","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F01.mvc-pattern",{"title":1222,"path":1223,"stem":1224},"Від Razor Pages до MVC: концептуальний перехід","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Ffrom-razor-pages","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F02.from-razor-pages",{"title":1226,"path":1227,"stem":1228},"Controllers та Actions: серце MVC","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fcontrollers-actions","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F03.controllers-actions",{"title":1230,"path":1231,"stem":1232},"Маршрутизація в MVC: Convention vs Attribute Routing","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Frouting-mvc","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F04.routing-mvc",{"title":1234,"path":1235,"stem":1236},"Model Binding: від HTTP до C#","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fmodel-binding","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F05.model-binding",{"title":1238,"path":1239,"stem":1240},"Views, ViewData, ViewBag, TempData і ViewModel","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fviews-viewdata-tempdata","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F06.views-viewdata-tempdata",{"title":1242,"path":1243,"stem":1244},"Filters: аспектно-орієнтоване програмування в MVC","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Ffilters","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F07.filters",{"title":1246,"path":1247,"stem":1248},"Areas: структурування великих застосунків","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fareas","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F08.areas",{"title":1250,"path":1251,"stem":1252},"View Components: повторювані незалежні блоки UI","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fview-components","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F09.view-components",{"title":1254,"path":1255,"stem":1256},"Display та Editor Templates","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fdisplay-editor-templates","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F10.display-editor-templates",{"title":1258,"path":1259,"stem":1260},"Валідація: IValidatableObject та FluentValidation","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fvalidation-advanced","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F11.validation-advanced",{"title":1262,"path":1263,"stem":1264},"HTMX: інтерактивність через HTML-атрибути","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fhtmx","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F12.htmx",{"title":1266,"path":1267,"stem":1268},"HTMX у ASP.NET Core MVC: серверна інтеграція","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fajax-htmx-mvc","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F13.ajax-htmx-mvc",{"title":1270,"path":1271,"stem":1272},"Практичний проєкт: Каталог товарів з HTMX","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fhtmx-project","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F14.htmx-project",{"title":1274,"path":1275,"stem":1276},"Завантаження та обробка файлів","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Ffile-upload","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F15.file-upload",{"title":1278,"path":1279,"stem":1280},"Глобалізація та Локалізація MVC","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fglobalization-localization","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F16.globalization-localization",{"title":1282,"path":1283,"stem":1284},"Підсумковий проєкт: Блог-платформа","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fmvc-project","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F17.mvc-project",{"title":1286,"path":1287,"stem":1288},"План курсу: ASP.NET Core MVC","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fplan","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002Fplan",{"title":1290,"path":1291,"stem":1292,"children":1293,"page":59},"Web Api","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api",[1294,1298,1302,1306,1310,1314,1318,1322,1326,1330,1334,1338,1342],{"title":1295,"path":1296,"stem":1297},"Від Minimal API до Controller-based API","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api\u002Ffrom-minimal-api-to-controllers","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api\u002F01.from-minimal-api-to-controllers",{"title":1299,"path":1300,"stem":1301},"ControllerBase, ActionResult\u003CT> та Response Types","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api\u002Fcontroller-base-actionresult","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api\u002F02.controller-base-actionresult",{"title":1303,"path":1304,"stem":1305},"Content Negotiation - JSON, XML та власні форматери","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api\u002Fcontent-negotiation","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api\u002F03.content-negotiation",{"title":1307,"path":1308,"stem":1309},"Версіонування API","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api\u002Fapi-versioning","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api\u002F04.api-versioning",{"title":1311,"path":1312,"stem":1313},"ProblemDetails та структурована обробка помилок","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api\u002Fproblemdetails-error-handling","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api\u002F05.problemdetails-error-handling",{"title":1315,"path":1316,"stem":1317},"Фільтри у Web API контексті","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api\u002Ffilters-for-api","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api\u002F06.filters-for-api",{"title":1319,"path":1320,"stem":1321},"Пагінація, фільтрація та сортування","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api\u002Fpagination-filtering-sorting","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api\u002F07.pagination-filtering-sorting",{"title":1323,"path":1324,"stem":1325},"HATEOAS та Resource Expansion","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api\u002Fhateoas-resource-expansion","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api\u002F08.hateoas-resource-expansion",{"title":1327,"path":1328,"stem":1329},"Гібридна архітектура - Minimal API + Controllers","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api\u002Fminimal-api-vs-controllers-hybrid","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api\u002F09.minimal-api-vs-controllers-hybrid",{"title":1331,"path":1332,"stem":1333},"Документація API - Swashbuckle, NSwag та генерація клієнтів","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api\u002Fapi-documentation-generation","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api\u002F10.api-documentation-generation",{"title":1335,"path":1336,"stem":1337},"Health Checks та моніторинг API","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api\u002Fhealth-checks-monitoring","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api\u002F11.health-checks-monitoring",{"title":1339,"path":1340,"stem":1341},"Підсумковий проєкт - Production-Ready REST API","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api\u002Fweb-api-project","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api\u002F12.web-api-project",{"title":1343,"path":1344,"stem":1345},"План курсу: ASP.NET Core Web API (Controllers)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api\u002Fplan","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api\u002Fplan",{"title":1347,"icon":1348,"path":1349,"stem":1350,"children":1351,"page":59},"Моніторинг","i-lucide-activity","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmonitoring","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F13.monitoring",[1352,1356,1360],{"title":1353,"path":1354,"stem":1355},"Спостережуваність: від console.log до production-систем","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmonitoring\u002Fobservability-intro","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F13.monitoring\u002F01.observability-intro",{"title":1357,"path":1358,"stem":1359},"Health Checks: перший рівень observability","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmonitoring\u002Fhealth-checks","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F13.monitoring\u002F02.health-checks",{"title":1361,"path":1362,"stem":1363},"Вбудовані метрики .NET 10 та System.Diagnostics.Metrics","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmonitoring\u002Fdotnet-metrics","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F13.monitoring\u002F03.dotnet-metrics",{"title":1365,"icon":1366,"path":1367,"stem":1368,"children":1369,"page":59},"Desktop UI","i-lucide-app-window","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui",[1370,1374,1378,1382,1386,1390,1394,1398,1402,1406,1410,1414,1418,1422,1426,1430,1434,1438,1442,1446,1450,1454,1458,1462,1466,1470,1474,1478,1482,1486,1490,1494,1498,1502,1506,1510,1514,1518,1522,1526,1530,1534,1538,1542,1546,1550,1554,1558,1562,1566,1570,1574,1578,1582,1586,1590,1594,1598,1602,1606,1610,1614,1618,1622,1626,1630,1634,1638,1642,1646,1650],{"title":1371,"path":1372,"stem":1373},"Що таке десктопна розробка?","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fwhat-is-desktop-dev","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F01.what-is-desktop-dev",{"title":1375,"path":1376,"stem":1377},"Архітектура WPF — як влаштований графічний інтерфейс","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fwpf-architecture","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F02.wpf-architecture",{"title":1379,"path":1380,"stem":1381},"Перший WPF-проєкт — від нуля до вікна","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Ffirst-wpf-app","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F03.first-wpf-app",{"title":1383,"path":1384,"stem":1385},"Перший Avalonia-проєкт: WPF для всіх платформ","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F03a.first-avalonia-app","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F03a.first-avalonia-app",{"title":1387,"path":1388,"stem":1389},"XAML: декларативний інтерфейс","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fxaml-basics","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F04.xaml-basics",{"title":1391,"path":1392,"stem":1393},"Fluent UI у WPF — сучасний дизайн Windows 11","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F04a.wpf-fluent-ui","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F04a.wpf-fluent-ui",{"title":1395,"path":1396,"stem":1397},"WPF UI — сучасна бібліотека Fluent контролів","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F04b.wpf-ui-library","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F04b.wpf-ui-library",{"title":1399,"path":1400,"stem":1401},"HandyControl — велика бібліотека UI контролів для WPF","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F04c.handycontrol-library","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F04c.handycontrol-library",{"title":1403,"path":1404,"stem":1405},"Простори імен та ресурси XAML","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fxaml-namespaces-resources","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F05.xaml-namespaces-resources",{"title":1407,"path":1408,"stem":1409},"XAML в Avalonia: ключові відмінності від WPF","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F05a.avalonia-xaml-differences","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F05a.avalonia-xaml-differences",{"title":1411,"path":1412,"stem":1413},"Розширення розмітки XAML (Markup Extensions)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fxaml-markup-extensions","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F06.xaml-markup-extensions",{"title":1415,"path":1416,"stem":1417},"Панелі Layout: StackPanel, WrapPanel, DockPanel","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Flayout-panels-part1","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F07.layout-panels-part1",{"title":1419,"path":1420,"stem":1421},"Grid, Canvas, UniformGrid","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Flayout-panels-part2","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F07.layout-panels-part2",{"title":1423,"path":1424,"stem":1425},"Просунуті техніки Layout","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Flayout-advanced","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F08.layout-advanced",{"title":1427,"path":1428,"stem":1429},"Адаптивний Layout та найкращі практики","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Flayout-responsive","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F09.layout-responsive",{"title":1431,"path":1432,"stem":1433},"Layout в Avalonia: відмінності та нові можливості","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F09a.layout-avalonia","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F09a.layout-avalonia",{"title":1435,"path":1436,"stem":1437},"Button, Image, ProgressBar та інші базові контроли","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fbasic-controls","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F10.basic-controls",{"title":1439,"path":1440,"stem":1441},"Контроли в Avalonia: відмінності від WPF","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F10a.controls-avalonia","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F10a.controls-avalonia",{"title":1443,"path":1444,"stem":1445},"Текстові контроли — TextBlock, TextBox, RichTextBox","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Ftext-controls","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F11.text-controls",{"title":1447,"path":1448,"stem":1449},"Контроли вибору — CheckBox, RadioButton, ComboBox, ListBox, DatePicker","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fselection-controls","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F12.selection-controls",{"title":1451,"path":1452,"stem":1453},"Content Model — GroupBox, Expander, TabControl, StatusBar","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fcontent-controls","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F13.content-controls",{"title":1455,"path":1456,"stem":1457},"UI\u002FUX принципи десктопних застосунків","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F13a.ui-ux-principles","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F13a.ui-ux-principles",{"title":1459,"path":1460,"stem":1461},"Dependency Properties — Концепція та Value Resolution","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fdependency-properties-part1","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F14.dependency-properties-part1",{"title":1463,"path":1464,"stem":1465},"Avalonia Property System — StyledProperty та DirectProperty","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F14a.avalonia-property-system","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F14a.avalonia-property-system",{"title":1467,"path":1468,"stem":1469},"Attached Properties — Властивості без меж","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fattached-properties","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F15.attached-properties",{"title":1471,"path":1472,"stem":1473},"Routed Events — Маршрутизація подій у WPF","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Frouted-events","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F16.routed-events",{"title":1475,"path":1476,"stem":1477},"Data Binding — Від Code-Behind до Декларативності","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fdata-binding-basics-part1","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F17.data-binding-basics-part1",{"title":1479,"path":1480,"stem":1481},"INotifyPropertyChanged — Живе оновлення UI","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fdata-binding-basics-part2","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F17.data-binding-basics-part2",{"title":1483,"path":1484,"stem":1485},"Compiled Bindings в Avalonia — Безпека на етапі компіляції","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F17a.avalonia-compiled-bindings","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F17a.avalonia-compiled-bindings",{"title":1487,"path":1488,"stem":1489},"Просунутий Data Binding — ElementName, RelativeSource, MultiBinding","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fdata-binding-advanced","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F18.data-binding-advanced",{"title":1491,"path":1492,"stem":1493},"Value Converters — Перетворення типів даних у Data Binding","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fvalue-converters","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F19.value-converters",{"title":1495,"path":1496,"stem":1497},"Data Templates — Візуалізація об'єктів у WPF","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fdata-templates","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F20.data-templates",{"title":1499,"path":1500,"stem":1501},"Collections Binding Part 1 — ObservableCollection та ItemsControl","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fcollections-binding-part1","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F21.collections-binding-part1",{"title":1503,"path":1504,"stem":1505},"Collections Binding Part 2 — ICollectionView, Filtering, Sorting та Virtualization","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fcollections-binding-part2","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F21.collections-binding-part2",{"title":1507,"path":1508,"stem":1509},"MVVM Pattern — Від Spaghetti Code до архітектури","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fmvvm-pattern","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F22.mvvm-pattern",{"title":1511,"path":1512,"stem":1513},"ViewModel Implementation — Від BaseViewModel до валідації","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fviewmodel-implementation","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F23.viewmodel-implementation",{"title":1515,"path":1516,"stem":1517},"Commands — Від event handlers до декларативних команд","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fcommands","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F24.commands",{"title":1519,"path":1520,"stem":1521},"MVVM Toolkit — MVVM без boilerplate через Source Generators","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fmvvm-toolkit","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F25.mvvm-toolkit",{"title":1523,"path":1524,"stem":1525},"Messenger Pattern — Комунікація між ViewModel без прямих посилань","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fmessenger-pattern","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F26.messenger-pattern",{"title":1527,"path":1528,"stem":1529},"Стилі WPF — CSS для десктопу","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fstyles-basics","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F27.styles-basics",{"title":1531,"path":1532,"stem":1533},"CSS-like стилі Avalonia","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F27a.avalonia-css-styling","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F27a.avalonia-css-styling",{"title":1535,"path":1536,"stem":1537},"Control Templates — Частина 1. Концепція та TemplateBinding","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fcontrol-templates-part1","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F28.control-templates-part1",{"title":1539,"path":1540,"stem":1541},"Control Templates — Частина 2. Named Parts та ContentPresenter","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fcontrol-templates-part2","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F28.control-templates-part2",{"title":1543,"path":1544,"stem":1545},"Control Themes в Avalonia — нова ера стилізації","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F28a.avalonia-control-themes","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F28a.avalonia-control-themes",{"title":1547,"path":1548,"stem":1549},"Triggers та Visual State Manager у WPF","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Ftriggers-visual-states","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F29.triggers-visual-states",{"title":1551,"path":1552,"stem":1553},"Pseudo-classes в Avalonia — замість WPF Triggers","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F29a.avalonia-pseudo-classes","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F29a.avalonia-pseudo-classes",{"title":1555,"path":1556,"stem":1557},"Теми та ресурсні словники у WPF","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fresources-themes","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F30.resources-themes",{"title":1559,"path":1560,"stem":1561},"Avalonia Themes — Fluent Design та система тематизації","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F30a.avalonia-themes-fluent","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F30a.avalonia-themes-fluent",{"title":1563,"path":1564,"stem":1565},"Контроли колекцій — глибоке занурення","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fcollection-controls","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F31.collection-controls",{"title":1567,"path":1568,"stem":1569},"DataGrid — колонки та базове відображення","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fdatagrid-part1","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F32.datagrid-part1",{"title":1571,"path":1572,"stem":1573},"DataGrid — сортування, фільтрація, редагування","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fdatagrid-part2","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F32.datagrid-part2",{"title":1575,"path":1576,"stem":1577},"TreeView та GridView","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Ftreeview-listview","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F33.treeview-listview",{"title":1579,"path":1580,"stem":1581},"Меню, Toolbar, ContextMenu, StatusBar","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fmenus-toolbars","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F34.menus-toolbars",{"title":1583,"path":1584,"stem":1585},"Навігація та керування вікнами. Частина 1: вікна та сторінки","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fnavigation-windows-part1","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F35.navigation-windows-part1",{"title":1587,"path":1588,"stem":1589},"Навігація та керування вікнами. Частина 2: MVVM-навігація","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fnavigation-windows-part2","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F35.navigation-windows-part2",{"title":1591,"path":1592,"stem":1593},"Avalonia — Навігація та діалоги","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F35a.avalonia-navigation-dialogs","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F35a.avalonia-navigation-dialogs",{"title":1595,"path":1596,"stem":1597},"Діалоги та File Pickers у WPF","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fdialogs-file-pickers","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F36.dialogs-file-pickers",{"title":1599,"path":1600,"stem":1601},"UserControl: компонентний підхід у WPF","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fuser-controls","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F37.user-controls",{"title":1603,"path":1604,"stem":1605},"Custom Controls: Lookless Controls у WPF","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fcustom-controls","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F38.custom-controls",{"title":1607,"path":1608,"stem":1609},"Avalonia TemplatedControl — Lookless Controls","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F38a.avalonia-templated-controls","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F38a.avalonia-templated-controls",{"title":1611,"path":1612,"stem":1613},"Анімації у WPF: Storyboard та Easing Functions","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fanimations-transitions","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F39.animations-transitions",{"title":1615,"path":1616,"stem":1617},"Анімації в Avalonia","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F39a.avalonia-animations","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F39a.avalonia-animations",{"title":1619,"path":1620,"stem":1621},"2D Графіка та Мультимедіа у WPF","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fmedia-graphics","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F40.media-graphics",{"title":1623,"path":1624,"stem":1625},"Dependency Injection у WPF та Avalonia","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fdi-integration","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F41.di-integration",{"title":1627,"path":1628,"stem":1629},"SQLite та EF Core у десктопних додатках","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fdata-persistence-part1","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F42.data-persistence-part1",{"title":1631,"path":1632,"stem":1633},"Repository Pattern та Unit of Work","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fdata-persistence-part2","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F43.data-persistence-part2",{"title":1635,"path":1636,"stem":1637},"Тестування ViewModels","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fviewmodel-testing","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F44.viewmodel-testing",{"title":1639,"path":1640,"stem":1641},"Avalonia Headless Testing — тестування UI без вікон","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F44a.avalonia-headless-testing","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F44a.avalonia-headless-testing",{"title":1643,"path":1644,"stem":1645},"Кросплатформна розробка з Avalonia","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Favalonia-cross-platform","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F45.avalonia-cross-platform",{"title":1647,"path":1648,"stem":1649},"Пакування та розгортання Avalonia додатків","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Favalonia-packaging-deployment","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F46.avalonia-packaging-deployment",{"title":1651,"path":1652,"stem":1653},"Розгортання WPF застосунків","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fwpf-packaging-deployment","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F47.wpf-packaging-deployment",{"title":1655,"icon":658,"path":1656,"stem":1657,"children":1658,"page":59},"Network Programming","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fnetwork-programming","01.csharp\u002F13.network-programming",[1659,1663,1667,1671,1675,1679,1683,1687,1691,1695,1699],{"title":1660,"path":1661,"stem":1662},"Основи комп'ютерних мереж","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fnetwork-programming\u002Ffoundations","01.csharp\u002F13.network-programming\u002F01.foundations",{"title":1664,"path":1665,"stem":1666},"Модель OSI та стек TCP\u002FIP","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fnetwork-programming\u002Fosi-model","01.csharp\u002F13.network-programming\u002F02.osi-model",{"title":1668,"path":1669,"stem":1670},"IP-протокол та адресація","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fnetwork-programming\u002Fip-addressing","01.csharp\u002F13.network-programming\u002F03.ip-addressing",{"title":1672,"path":1673,"stem":1674},"UDP — протокол без з'єднання","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fnetwork-programming\u002Fudp","01.csharp\u002F13.network-programming\u002F05.udp",{"title":1676,"path":1677,"stem":1678},"UDP Broadcast та Multicast","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fnetwork-programming\u002Fudp-broadcast-multicast","01.csharp\u002F13.network-programming\u002F06.udp-broadcast-multicast",{"title":1680,"path":1681,"stem":1682},"HTTP — протокол вебу","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fnetwork-programming\u002Fhttp-fundamentals","01.csharp\u002F13.network-programming\u002F07.http-fundamentals",{"title":1684,"path":1685,"stem":1686},"HttpListener — вбудований HTTP-сервер .NET","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fnetwork-programming\u002F07a.http-listener","01.csharp\u002F13.network-programming\u002F07a.http-listener",{"title":1688,"path":1689,"stem":1690},"HTTP Advanced — cookies, аутентифікація та HTTPS","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fnetwork-programming\u002Fhttp-advanced","01.csharp\u002F13.network-programming\u002F08.http-advanced",{"title":1692,"path":1693,"stem":1694},"SMTP та протоколи електронної пошти","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fnetwork-programming\u002Fsmtp","01.csharp\u002F13.network-programming\u002F09.smtp",{"title":1696,"path":1697,"stem":1698},"WebSocket — повнодуплексний протокол реального часу","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fnetwork-programming\u002Fwebsockets","01.csharp\u002F13.network-programming\u002F10.websockets",{"title":1700,"path":1701,"stem":1702},"TLS\u002FSSL — криптографічний захист мережевих з'єднань","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fnetwork-programming\u002Ftls-ssl","01.csharp\u002F13.network-programming\u002F11.tls-ssl",{"title":1704,"path":1705,"stem":1706},"C# & .NET: The Ultimate Roadmap","\u002Fcsharp\u002Froadmap","01.csharp\u002Froadmap",{"title":1708,"icon":1709,"path":1710,"stem":1711,"children":1712,"page":59},"C++","i-devicon-cplusplus","\u002Fcpp","02.cpp",[1713,1717,1721,1725,1729,1733,1737,1741,1745,1748,1752,1756,1760,1764,1768,1772,1776,1780,1784,1788,1792,1796,1800,1804,1808,1812,1816,1820,1824,1828,1832,1836,1840,1844,1848,1852,1856,1860,1864,1868,1872,1876,1880,1884,1888,1892,1896,1900,1904,1908,1912,1916,1920,1924,1928,1932,1936,1940,1944,1948,1952,1956,1960,1964,1968,1972,1976,1980,1984,1988,1992,1996,2000,2004,2008,2012,2016,2020,2024,2028,2032,2036,2040,2044,2048,2052,2056,2060,2064,2068,2072,2076,2080,2084,2088,2092,2096],{"title":1714,"path":1715,"stem":1716},"Вступ у програмування та алгоритми","\u002Fcpp\u002Fintro-algorithms","02.cpp\u002F01.intro-algorithms",{"title":1718,"path":1719,"stem":1720},"Code Style: угоди про оформлення коду","\u002Fcpp\u002Fcode-style","02.cpp\u002F02.code-style",{"title":1722,"path":1723,"stem":1724},"Середовище розробки та перший проєкт","\u002Fcpp\u002Fide-setup","02.cpp\u002F03.ide-setup",{"title":1726,"path":1727,"stem":1728},"Вивід даних на екран","\u002Fcpp\u002Fdata-output","02.cpp\u002F04.data-output",{"title":1730,"path":1731,"stem":1732},"Типи даних, змінні та константи","\u002Fcpp\u002Fdata-types-variables","02.cpp\u002F05.data-types-variables",{"title":1734,"path":1735,"stem":1736},"Ввід даних з клавіатури","\u002Fcpp\u002Fdata-input","02.cpp\u002F06.data-input",{"title":1738,"path":1739,"stem":1740},"Оператори, перетворення типів та логічні операції","\u002Fcpp\u002Foperators-type-conversion","02.cpp\u002F07.operators-type-conversion",{"title":1742,"path":1743,"stem":1744},"Цикли","\u002Fcpp\u002Floops","02.cpp\u002F08.loops",{"title":32,"path":1746,"stem":1747},"\u002Fcpp\u002Farrays","02.cpp\u002F09.arrays",{"title":1749,"path":1750,"stem":1751},"Алгоритми сортування та аналіз складності","\u002Fcpp\u002Fsorting","02.cpp\u002F10.sorting",{"title":1753,"path":1754,"stem":1755},"Алгоритми пошуку","\u002Fcpp\u002Fsearching","02.cpp\u002F11.searching",{"title":1757,"path":1758,"stem":1759},"Функції: основи","\u002Fcpp\u002Ffunctions-basics","02.cpp\u002F12.functions-basics",{"title":1761,"path":1762,"stem":1763},"Функції: прототипи, область видимості та додаткові можливості","\u002Fcpp\u002Ffunctions-scope","02.cpp\u002F13.functions-scope",{"title":1765,"path":1766,"stem":1767},"Функції: перевантаження та шаблони","\u002Fcpp\u002Ffunctions-overloading-templates","02.cpp\u002F14.functions-overloading-templates",{"title":1769,"path":1770,"stem":1771},"Вказівники: основи","\u002Fcpp\u002Fpointers-basics","02.cpp\u002F15.pointers-basics",{"title":1773,"path":1774,"stem":1775},"Посилання (References)","\u002Fcpp\u002Freferences","02.cpp\u002F16.references",{"title":1777,"path":1778,"stem":1779},"Вказівники, const і масиви","\u002Fcpp\u002Fpointers-const-arrays","02.cpp\u002F17.pointers-const-arrays",{"title":1781,"path":1782,"stem":1783},"Адресна арифметика","\u002Fcpp\u002Fpointer-arithmetic","02.cpp\u002F18.pointer-arithmetic",{"title":1785,"path":1786,"stem":1787},"Динамічна пам'ять","\u002Fcpp\u002Fdynamic-memory","02.cpp\u002F19.dynamic-memory",{"title":1789,"path":1790,"stem":1791},"Вказівники типу void","\u002Fcpp\u002Fvoid-pointers","02.cpp\u002F20.void-pointers",{"title":1793,"path":1794,"stem":1795},"Вказівники на вказівники","\u002Fcpp\u002Fpointers-to-pointers","02.cpp\u002F21.pointers-to-pointers",{"title":1797,"path":1798,"stem":1799},"Оператор доступу до членів через вказівник (->)","\u002Fcpp\u002Fmember-access-operator","02.cpp\u002F22.member-access-operator",{"title":1801,"path":1802,"stem":1803},"Цикл for-each (Range-based for)","\u002Fcpp\u002Fforeach-loop","02.cpp\u002F23.foreach-loop",{"title":1805,"path":1806,"stem":1807},"Вказівники на функції","\u002Fcpp\u002Ffunction-pointers","02.cpp\u002F24.function-pointers",{"title":1809,"path":1810,"stem":1811},"Лямбда-вирази","\u002Fcpp\u002Flambdas","02.cpp\u002F25.lambdas",{"title":1813,"path":1814,"stem":1815},"Лямбда-захоплення","\u002Fcpp\u002Flambda-captures","02.cpp\u002F26.lambda-captures",{"title":1817,"path":1818,"stem":1819},"Еліпсис","\u002Fcpp\u002Fellipsis","02.cpp\u002F27.ellipsis",{"title":1821,"path":1822,"stem":1823},"Безпечні альтернативи еліпсису","\u002Fcpp\u002F27a.ellipsis","02.cpp\u002F27a.ellipsis",{"title":1825,"path":1826,"stem":1827},"Аргументи командного рядка","\u002Fcpp\u002Fcommand-line-arguments","02.cpp\u002F28.command-line-arguments",{"title":1829,"path":1830,"stem":1831},"Перерахування (enum)","\u002Fcpp\u002Fenum","02.cpp\u002F29.enum",{"title":1833,"path":1834,"stem":1835},"Класи-перерахування (enum class)","\u002Fcpp\u002Fenum-class","02.cpp\u002F30.enum-class",{"title":1837,"path":1838,"stem":1839},"Псевдоніми типів (typedef і using)","\u002Fcpp\u002Ftype-aliases","02.cpp\u002F31.type-aliases",{"title":1841,"path":1842,"stem":1843},"Системи числення та двійкова арифметика","\u002Fcpp\u002Fnumber-systems","02.cpp\u002F32.number-systems",{"title":1845,"path":1846,"stem":1847},"Структури (struct): агрегування даних","\u002Fcpp\u002Fstruct","02.cpp\u002F33.struct",{"title":1849,"path":1850,"stem":1851},"Структури у функціях","\u002Fcpp\u002Fstruct-functions","02.cpp\u002F34.struct-functions",{"title":1853,"path":1854,"stem":1855},"Масиви структур і вкладені структури","\u002Fcpp\u002Fstruct-arrays","02.cpp\u002F35.struct-arrays",{"title":1857,"path":1858,"stem":1859},"Патерни struct та межі застосування","\u002Fcpp\u002Fstruct-patterns","02.cpp\u002F36.struct-patterns",{"title":1861,"path":1862,"stem":1863},"Символи та таблиця ASCII","\u002Fcpp\u002Fascii-characters","02.cpp\u002F37.ascii-characters",{"title":1865,"path":1866,"stem":1867},"Unicode та кодування UTF","\u002Fcpp\u002Funicode-utf","02.cpp\u002F38.unicode-utf",{"title":1869,"path":1870,"stem":1871},"C-style рядки","\u002Fcpp\u002Fc-strings","02.cpp\u002F39.c-strings",{"title":1873,"path":1874,"stem":1875},"Вступ до std::string","\u002Fcpp\u002Fstd-string-intro","02.cpp\u002F40.std-string-intro",{"title":1877,"path":1878,"stem":1879},"Довжина, ємність та доступ до символів std::string","\u002Fcpp\u002Fstd-string-capacity-access","02.cpp\u002F41.std-string-capacity-access",{"title":1881,"path":1882,"stem":1883},"Модифікація std::string: присвоювання, додавання, вставка, видалення та заміна","\u002Fcpp\u002Fstd-string-modification","02.cpp\u002F42.std-string-modification",{"title":1885,"path":1886,"stem":1887},"Пошук у std::string: find, npos та практичні патерни","\u002Fcpp\u002Fstd-string-search","02.cpp\u002F43.std-string-search",{"title":1889,"path":1890,"stem":1891},"std::string_view: невласницький погляд на рядок без копіювання","\u002Fcpp\u002Fstd-string-view","02.cpp\u002F44.std-string-view",{"title":1893,"path":1894,"stem":1895},"Об'єднання (union): один блок пам'яті, кілька інтерпретацій","\u002Fcpp\u002Funion","02.cpp\u002F45.union",{"title":1897,"path":1898,"stem":1899},"Організація коду: файли, препроцесор, простори імен","\u002Fcpp\u002Fmultifile-programs","02.cpp\u002F46.multifile-programs",{"title":1901,"path":1902,"stem":1903},"Робота з файлами: C-стиль (stdio.h)","\u002Fcpp\u002Fc-style-files","02.cpp\u002F47.c-style-files",{"title":1905,"path":1906,"stem":1907},"Робота з файлами: C++-стиль (fstream)","\u002Fcpp\u002Fcpp-style-files","02.cpp\u002F48.cpp-style-files",{"title":1909,"path":1910,"stem":1911},"Введення в ООП: від процедур до об'єктів","\u002Fcpp\u002Foop-intro","02.cpp\u002F49.oop-intro",{"title":1913,"path":1914,"stem":1915},"Класи, об'єкти та методи","\u002Fcpp\u002Fclasses-objects-methods","02.cpp\u002F50.classes-objects-methods",{"title":1917,"path":1918,"stem":1919},"Специфікатори доступу та інкапсуляція","\u002Fcpp\u002Faccess-specifiers-encapsulation","02.cpp\u002F51.access-specifiers-encapsulation",{"title":1921,"path":1922,"stem":1923},"Конструктори: гарантована ініціалізація об'єктів","\u002Fcpp\u002Fconstructors","02.cpp\u002F52.constructors",{"title":1925,"path":1926,"stem":1927},"Списки ініціалізації та делегуючі конструктори","\u002Fcpp\u002Finit-lists-delegating","02.cpp\u002F53.init-lists-delegating",{"title":1929,"path":1930,"stem":1931},"Деструктори та ідіома RAII","\u002Fcpp\u002Fdestructors-raii","02.cpp\u002F54.destructors-raii",{"title":1933,"path":1934,"stem":1935},"Прихований покажчик this","\u002Fcpp\u002Fthis-pointer","02.cpp\u002F55.this-pointer",{"title":1937,"path":1938,"stem":1939},"Розподіл класу на заголовковий файл та файл реалізації","\u002Fcpp\u002Fclass-header-source","02.cpp\u002F56.class-header-source",{"title":1941,"path":1942,"stem":1943},"Класи та const","\u002Fcpp\u002Fconst-classes","02.cpp\u002F57.const-classes",{"title":1945,"path":1946,"stem":1947},"Статичні члени класу","\u002Fcpp\u002Fstatic-members","02.cpp\u002F58.static-members",{"title":1949,"path":1950,"stem":1951},"Конструктор копіювання та запобігання копіюванню","\u002Fcpp\u002Fcopy-constructor","02.cpp\u002F59.copy-constructor",{"title":1953,"path":1954,"stem":1955},"Дружні функції та класи","\u002Fcpp\u002Ffriend-functions-classes","02.cpp\u002F60.friend-functions-classes",{"title":1957,"path":1958,"stem":1959},"Анонімні об'єкти та вкладені типи","\u002Fcpp\u002Fanonymous-objects-nested-types","02.cpp\u002F61.anonymous-objects-nested-types",{"title":1961,"path":1962,"stem":1963},"Вимірювання часу виконання: RAII-таймер","\u002Fcpp\u002Ftiming-raii-timer","02.cpp\u002F62.timing-raii-timer",{"title":1965,"path":1966,"stem":1967},"Перевантаження операторів: основи та арифметика","\u002Fcpp\u002Foperator-overloading-basics","02.cpp\u002F63.operator-overloading-basics",{"title":1969,"path":1970,"stem":1971},"Перевантаження операторів: методи класу та спеціальні оператори","\u002Fcpp\u002Foperator-overloading-methods","02.cpp\u002F64.operator-overloading-methods",{"title":1973,"path":1974,"stem":1975},"Приведення типів, explicit та delete","\u002Fcpp\u002Ftypecast-explicit-delete","02.cpp\u002F65.typecast-explicit-delete",{"title":1977,"path":1978,"stem":1979},"Глибоке копіювання та оператор присвоювання","\u002Fcpp\u002Fdeep-copy-assignment","02.cpp\u002F66.deep-copy-assignment",{"title":1981,"path":1982,"stem":1983},"Зв'язки між об'єктами: композиція та агрегація","\u002Fcpp\u002Fcomposition-aggregation","02.cpp\u002F67.composition-aggregation",{"title":1985,"path":1986,"stem":1987},"Асоціація та залежність між об","\u002Fcpp\u002Fassociation-dependency","02.cpp\u002F68.association-dependency",{"title":1989,"path":1990,"stem":1991},"Контейнерні класи та `std::initializer_list`","\u002Fcpp\u002Fcontainer-classes-initializer-list","02.cpp\u002F69.container-classes-initializer-list",{"title":1993,"path":1994,"stem":1995},"Вступ до наслідування: базові поняття та відношення «is-a»","\u002Fcpp\u002Finheritance-intro","02.cpp\u002F70.inheritance-intro",{"title":1997,"path":1998,"stem":1999},"Конструктори, деструктори та порядок ініціалізації в ієрархіях","\u002Fcpp\u002Finheritance-constructors-destructors","02.cpp\u002F71.inheritance-constructors-destructors",{"title":2001,"path":2002,"stem":2003},"Специфікатор `protected` та види наслідування","\u002Fcpp\u002Finheritance-access-specifiers","02.cpp\u002F72.inheritance-access-specifiers",{"title":2005,"path":2006,"stem":2007},"Перевизначення методів та приховування імен","\u002Fcpp\u002Fmethod-overriding-hiding","02.cpp\u002F73.method-overriding-hiding",{"title":2009,"path":2010,"stem":2011},"Множинне наслідування та проблема ромба","\u002Fcpp\u002Fmultiple-inheritance-diamond","02.cpp\u002F74.multiple-inheritance-diamond",{"title":2013,"path":2014,"stem":2015},"Вказівники на базовий клас та віртуальні функції","\u002Fcpp\u002Fvirtual-functions-polymorphism","02.cpp\u002F75.virtual-functions-polymorphism",{"title":2017,"path":2018,"stem":2019},"Специфікатори override, final та віртуальні деструктори","\u002Fcpp\u002Foverride-final-virtual-destructors","02.cpp\u002F76.override-final-virtual-destructors",{"title":2021,"path":2022,"stem":2023},"Внутрішні механізми поліморфізму: vtable, vptr та зв'язування","\u002Fcpp\u002Fvirtual-table-binding","02.cpp\u002F77.virtual-table-binding",{"title":2025,"path":2026,"stem":2027},"Абстрактні класи та чисті віртуальні функції","\u002Fcpp\u002Fabstract-classes-interfaces","02.cpp\u002F78.abstract-classes-interfaces",{"title":2029,"path":2030,"stem":2031},"Зрізка об'єктів, віртуальне наслідування та поліморфний вивід","\u002Fcpp\u002Fslicing-virtual-base-io","02.cpp\u002F79.slicing-virtual-base-io",{"title":2033,"path":2034,"stem":2035},"Динамічне приведення типів (`dynamic_cast`) та RTTI","\u002Fcpp\u002Fdynamic-cast-rtti","02.cpp\u002F80.dynamic-cast-rtti",{"title":2037,"path":2038,"stem":2039},"Шаблони функцій: узагальнене програмування","\u002Fcpp\u002Ffunction-templates","02.cpp\u002F81.function-templates",{"title":2041,"path":2042,"stem":2043},"Шаблони класів та NTTP-параметри","\u002Fcpp\u002Fclass-templates-nttp","02.cpp\u002F82.class-templates-nttp",{"title":2045,"path":2046,"stem":2047},"Повна (явна) спеціалізація шаблонів","\u002Fcpp\u002Ffull-template-specialization","02.cpp\u002F83.full-template-specialization",{"title":2049,"path":2050,"stem":2051},"Часткова спеціалізація шаблонів класів","\u002Fcpp\u002Fpartial-template-specialization","02.cpp\u002F84.partial-template-specialization",{"title":2053,"path":2054,"stem":2055},"Механізм винятків: try, catch, throw та розкручування стеку","\u002Fcpp\u002Fexceptions-basics","02.cpp\u002F85.exceptions-basics",{"title":2057,"path":2058,"stem":2059},"Ієрархія std::exception та власні класи винятків","\u002Fcpp\u002Fexception-hierarchy-custom","02.cpp\u002F86.exception-hierarchy-custom",{"title":2061,"path":2062,"stem":2063},"Повторне генерування винятків та функціональний try-блок","\u002Fcpp\u002Frethrow-function-try","02.cpp\u002F87.rethrow-function-try",{"title":2065,"path":2066,"stem":2067},"Безпека винятків, noexcept та деструктори","\u002Fcpp\u002Fsafety-noexcept","02.cpp\u002F88.safety-noexcept",{"title":2069,"path":2070,"stem":2071},"Власні структури даних: стек та черга","\u002Fcpp\u002Fcustom-stack-queue","02.cpp\u002F89.custom-stack-queue",{"title":2073,"path":2074,"stem":2075},"Власні структури даних: однозв'язаний список","\u002Fcpp\u002Flinked-list","02.cpp\u002F90.linked-list",{"title":2077,"path":2078,"stem":2079},"Власні структури даних: бінарне дерево пошуку","\u002Fcpp\u002Fbinary-search-tree","02.cpp\u002F91.binary-search-tree",{"title":2081,"path":2082,"stem":2083},"Власні структури даних: хеш-таблиця","\u002Fcpp\u002Fhash-table","02.cpp\u002F92.hash-table",{"title":2085,"path":2086,"stem":2087},"Готові структури даних C++: послідовні контейнери STL","\u002Fcpp\u002Fstl-sequential-containers","02.cpp\u002F93.stl-sequential-containers",{"title":2089,"path":2090,"stem":2091},"Готові структури даних C++: асоціативні контейнери та адаптери","\u002Fcpp\u002Fstl-associative-adapters","02.cpp\u002F94.stl-associative-adapters",{"title":2093,"path":2094,"stem":2095},"Готові структури даних C++: ітератори та алгоритми STL","\u002Fcpp\u002Fstl-iterators-algorithms","02.cpp\u002F95.stl-iterators-algorithms",{"title":2097,"path":2098,"stem":2099},"R-value посилання та move-семантика","\u002Fcpp\u002Frvalue-references-move-semantics","02.cpp\u002F96.rvalue-references-move-semantics",{"title":2101,"icon":2102,"path":2103,"stem":2104,"children":2105,"page":59},"JavaScript","i-devicon-javascript","\u002Fjavascript","03.javascript",[2106,2132,2186,2208,2512,2550,2568],{"title":2107,"icon":2108,"path":2109,"stem":2110,"children":2111,"page":59},"Events","i-lucide-mouse-pointer-click","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fevents","03.javascript\u002F01.events",[2112,2116,2120,2124,2128],{"title":2113,"path":2114,"stem":2115},"Вступ до подій браузера","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fevents\u002Fintro","03.javascript\u002F01.events\u002F01.intro",{"title":2117,"path":2118,"stem":2119},"Бульбашковий механізм (Bubbling) та занурення (Capturing)","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fevents\u002Fbubbling-capturing","03.javascript\u002F01.events\u002F02.bubbling-capturing",{"title":2121,"path":2122,"stem":2123},"Делегування подій (Event Delegation)","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fevents\u002Fdelegate-events","03.javascript\u002F01.events\u002F03.delegate-events",{"title":2125,"path":2126,"stem":2127},"Типові дії браузера та preventDefault()","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fevents\u002Fprevent-default","03.javascript\u002F01.events\u002F04.prevent-default",{"title":2129,"path":2130,"stem":2131},"Запуск користувацьких подій (Custom Events)","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fevents\u002Fcustom-events","03.javascript\u002F01.events\u002F05.custom-events",{"title":2133,"icon":2134,"path":2135,"stem":2136,"children":2137,"page":59},"Network","i-lucide-globe","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fnetwork","03.javascript\u002F02.network",[2138,2142,2146,2150,2154,2158,2162,2166,2170,2174,2178,2182],{"title":2139,"path":2140,"stem":2141},"Fetch API - Сучасний підхід до HTTP-запитів","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fnetwork\u002F01-fetch-api","03.javascript\u002F02.network\u002F01-fetch-api",{"title":2143,"path":2144,"stem":2145},"FormData - Робота з формами та файлами","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fnetwork\u002F02-formdata","03.javascript\u002F02.network\u002F02-formdata",{"title":2147,"path":2148,"stem":2149},"Відстеження прогресу завантаження","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fnetwork\u002F03-download-progress","03.javascript\u002F02.network\u002F03-download-progress",{"title":2151,"path":2152,"stem":2153},"Переривання fetch-запитів","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fnetwork\u002F04-abort-requests","03.javascript\u002F02.network\u002F04-abort-requests",{"title":2155,"path":2156,"stem":2157},"CORS - Запити між різними джерелами","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fnetwork\u002F05-cors","03.javascript\u002F02.network\u002F05-cors",{"title":2159,"path":2160,"stem":2161},"Fetch API - Повний довідник опцій","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fnetwork\u002F06-fetch-options","03.javascript\u002F02.network\u002F06-fetch-options",{"title":2163,"path":2164,"stem":2165},"URL Objects - Робота з посиланнями","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fnetwork\u002F07-url-objects","03.javascript\u002F02.network\u002F07-url-objects",{"title":2167,"path":2168,"stem":2169},"XMLHttpRequest - AJAX та низькорівневі запити","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fnetwork\u002F08-xmlhttprequest","03.javascript\u002F02.network\u002F08-xmlhttprequest",{"title":2171,"path":2172,"stem":2173},"Відновлюване завантаження файлів","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fnetwork\u002F09-resumable-upload","03.javascript\u002F02.network\u002F09-resumable-upload",{"title":2175,"path":2176,"stem":2177},"Cookies, document.cookie та світ після \"Cookiepocalypse\"","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fnetwork\u002F10-cookies","03.javascript\u002F02.network\u002F10-cookies",{"title":2179,"path":2180,"stem":2181},"js-cookie: Керування Cookies без Болю","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fnetwork\u002F11-js-cookie","03.javascript\u002F02.network\u002F11-js-cookie",{"title":2183,"path":2184,"stem":2185},"Axios: Потужний HTTP-клієнт для JavaScript","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fnetwork\u002F12-axios","03.javascript\u002F02.network\u002F12-axios",{"title":2187,"icon":2188,"path":2189,"stem":2190,"children":2191,"page":59},"Bom","i-lucide-monitor","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fbom","03.javascript\u002F03.bom",[2192,2196,2200,2204],{"title":2193,"path":2194,"stem":2195},"LocalStorage, SessionStorage та patterns збереження даних","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fbom\u002F01-localstorage","03.javascript\u002F03.bom\u002F01-localstorage",{"title":2197,"path":2198,"stem":2199},"Location Object - Керування адресою сторінки","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fbom\u002F02-location-object","03.javascript\u002F03.bom\u002F02-location-object",{"title":2201,"path":2202,"stem":2203},"History API - Керування історією браузера","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fbom\u002F03-history-api","03.javascript\u002F03.bom\u002F03-history-api",{"title":2205,"path":2206,"stem":2207},"Navigator Object - Ідентифікація та Можливості Пристрою","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fbom\u002F04-navigator-object","03.javascript\u002F03.bom\u002F04-navigator-object",{"title":2209,"icon":2210,"path":2211,"stem":2212,"children":2213},"React","i-devicon-react","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002Findex",[2214,2215,2219,2223,2227,2231,2294,2329,2481],{"title":2209,"path":2211,"stem":2212},{"title":2216,"path":2217,"stem":2218},"Робота з Формами в React","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Freact-forms","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F01.react-forms",{"title":2220,"path":2221,"stem":2222},"React Hook Form: Професійна Робота з Формами","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Freact-hook-form","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F02.react-hook-form",{"title":2224,"path":2225,"stem":2226},"React Hook Form: Глибоке Розуміння Архітектури та Оптимізації","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Freact-hook-form-new","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F02.react-hook-form-new",{"title":2228,"path":2229,"stem":2230},"Axios та React: Професійна Архітектура Запитів","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fdata-fetching-axios","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F03.data-fetching-axios",{"title":2232,"icon":132,"path":2233,"stem":2234,"children":2235},"Tanstack Query","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002Findex",[2236,2238,2242,2246,2250,2254,2258,2262,2266,2270,2274,2278,2282,2286,2290],{"title":2237,"path":2233,"stem":2234},"TanStack Query: Майстерність Керування Станом Сервера",{"title":2239,"path":2240,"stem":2241},"Парадигма Server State: Чому useEffect недостатньо","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Fserver-state-paradigm","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F01.server-state-paradigm",{"title":2243,"path":2244,"stem":2245},"Встановлення та Налаштування: Фундамент","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Finstallation-and-devtools","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F02.installation-and-devtools",{"title":2247,"path":2248,"stem":2249},"Основи Запитів та Магія Ключів","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Fquery-basics-and-keys","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F03.query-basics-and-keys",{"title":2251,"path":2252,"stem":2253},"Синхронізація Даних: Життєвий Цикл Запиту","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Fdata-synchronization","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F04.data-synchronization",{"title":2255,"path":2256,"stem":2257},"Мутації та Інвалідація: Зміна Даних","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Fmutations-and-invalidation","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F05.mutations-and-invalidation",{"title":2259,"path":2260,"stem":2261},"Оптимістичні Оновлення: Швидше за Світло","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Foptimistic-updates","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F06.optimistic-updates",{"title":2263,"path":2264,"stem":2265},"Пагінація та Infinite Scroll","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Fpagination-and-load-more","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F07.pagination-and-load-more",{"title":2267,"path":2268,"stem":2269},"Просунуті Патерни та Оптимізація","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Fadvanced-patterns","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F08.advanced-patterns",{"title":2271,"path":2272,"stem":2273},"Архітектура та Best Practices","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Farchitecture-and-best-practices","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F09.architecture-and-best-practices",{"title":2275,"path":2276,"stem":2277},"Server-Side Rendering (SSR) та Гідратація","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Fserver-side-rendering","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F10.server-side-rendering",{"title":2279,"path":2280,"stem":2281},"Стратегії Тестування","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Ftesting-strategies","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F11.testing-strategies",{"title":2283,"path":2284,"stem":2285},"Аутентифікація та Обробка Помилок","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Fauthentication-and-errors","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F12.authentication-and-errors",{"title":2287,"path":2288,"stem":2289},"React Suspense та Майбутнє","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Freact-suspense","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F13.react-suspense",{"title":2291,"path":2292,"stem":2293},"Глибоке Занурення в Продуктивність","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Fperformance-deep-dive","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F14.performance-deep-dive",{"title":2295,"icon":2210,"path":2296,"stem":2297,"children":2298},"React Router","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Freact-router","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F05.react-router\u002Findex",[2299,2301,2305,2309,2313,2317,2321,2325],{"title":2300,"path":2296,"stem":2297},"React Router: Навігаційна система сучасного вебу",{"title":2302,"path":2303,"stem":2304},"Налаштування та Базовий Роутинг","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Freact-router\u002Fsetup-and-basic-routing","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F05.react-router\u002F01.setup-and-basic-routing",{"title":2306,"path":2307,"stem":2308},"Динамічна Навігація","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Freact-router\u002Fnavigation-and-links","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F05.react-router\u002F02.navigation-and-links",{"title":2310,"path":2311,"stem":2312},"Вкладені Маршрути та Макети","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Freact-router\u002Fnested-routes-and-layouts","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F05.react-router\u002F03.nested-routes-and-layouts",{"title":2314,"path":2315,"stem":2316},"Динамічні Маршрути та Параметри","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Freact-router\u002Fdynamic-routing","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F05.react-router\u002F04.dynamic-routing",{"title":2318,"path":2319,"stem":2320},"Data APIs: Loaders та Actions","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Freact-router\u002Fdata-loading","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F05.react-router\u002F05.data-loading",{"title":2322,"path":2323,"stem":2324},"Просунуті Патерни","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Freact-router\u002Fadvanced-patterns","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F05.react-router\u002F06.advanced-patterns",{"title":2326,"path":2327,"stem":2328},"Legacy Routing: Компонентний підхід","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Freact-router\u002Flegacy-routing","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F05.react-router\u002F07.legacy-routing",{"title":2330,"icon":132,"path":2331,"stem":2332,"children":2333},"Redux","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002Findex",[2334,2336,2352,2381,2390,2411,2427,2456],{"title":2335,"path":2331,"stem":2332},"Redux: Еволюція управління станом",{"title":14,"icon":15,"path":2337,"stem":2338,"children":2339,"page":59},"\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Ffundamentals","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F01.fundamentals",[2340,2344,2348],{"title":2341,"path":2342,"stem":2343},"Вступ до State Management","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Ffundamentals\u002Fintro-state-management","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F01.fundamentals\u002F01.intro-state-management",{"title":2345,"path":2346,"stem":2347},"Філософія Redux та Три Принципи","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Ffundamentals\u002Fredux-philosophy","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F01.fundamentals\u002F02.redux-philosophy",{"title":2349,"path":2350,"stem":2351},"Чисті функції та Іммутабельність","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Ffundamentals\u002Fpure-functions-immutability","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F01.fundamentals\u002F03.pure-functions-immutability",{"title":2353,"icon":132,"path":2354,"stem":2355,"children":2356,"page":59},"Classic Redux","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fclassic-redux","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F02.classic-redux",[2357,2361,2365,2369,2373,2377],{"title":2358,"path":2359,"stem":2360},"Створення Store (Classic Redux)","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fclassic-redux\u002Fstore-setup","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F02.classic-redux\u002F01.store-setup",{"title":2362,"path":2363,"stem":2364},"Actions, Constants та Action Creators","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fclassic-redux\u002Factions-constants","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F02.classic-redux\u002F02.actions-constants",{"title":2366,"path":2367,"stem":2368},"Логіка Reducers","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fclassic-redux\u002Freducers","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F02.classic-redux\u002F03.reducers",{"title":2370,"path":2371,"stem":2372},"Комбінування Reducers (Root Reducer)","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fclassic-redux\u002Fdata-flow","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F02.classic-redux\u002F04.data-flow",{"title":2374,"path":2375,"stem":2376},"Підключення до React (React-Redux)","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fclassic-redux\u002Freact-redux-connection","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F02.classic-redux\u002F05.react-redux-connection",{"title":2378,"path":2379,"stem":2380},"Middleware та Асинхронність (Redux Thunk)","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fclassic-redux\u002Fmiddleware-thunk","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F02.classic-redux\u002F06.middleware-thunk",{"title":2382,"icon":132,"path":2383,"stem":2384,"children":2385,"page":59},"Transition To Rtk","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Ftransition-to-rtk","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F03.transition-to-rtk",[2386],{"title":2387,"path":2388,"stem":2389},"Проблеми класичного Redux","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Ftransition-to-rtk\u002Fproblems-with-classic","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F03.transition-to-rtk\u002F01.problems-with-classic",{"title":2391,"icon":132,"path":2392,"stem":2393,"children":2394,"page":59},"Redux Toolkit","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fredux-toolkit","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F04.redux-toolkit",[2395,2399,2403,2407],{"title":2396,"path":2397,"stem":2398},"Налаштування Store з configureStore","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fredux-toolkit\u002Fconfigure-store","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F04.redux-toolkit\u002F01.configure-store",{"title":2400,"path":2401,"stem":2402},"createSlice: Революція в Redux","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fredux-toolkit\u002Fcreate-slice","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F04.redux-toolkit\u002F02.create-slice",{"title":2404,"path":2405,"stem":2406},"Асинхронність з createAsyncThunk","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fredux-toolkit\u002Fasync-thunks","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F04.redux-toolkit\u002F03.async-thunks",{"title":2408,"path":2409,"stem":2410},"04. Entity Adapter: Керування нормалізованим станом","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fredux-toolkit\u002Fentity-adapter","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F04.redux-toolkit\u002F04.entity-adapter",{"title":2412,"icon":92,"path":2413,"stem":2414,"children":2415,"page":59},"Advanced","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fadvanced","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F05.advanced",[2416,2420,2424],{"title":2417,"path":2418,"stem":2419},"Мемоізація та Селектори: Повний Гайд по Reselect","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fadvanced\u002Fselectors-reselect","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F05.advanced\u002F01.selectors-reselect",{"title":2421,"path":2422,"stem":2423},"RTK Query: Архітектура Серверного Кешу","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fadvanced\u002Frtk-query-intro","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F05.advanced\u002F02.rtk-query-intro",{"title":2271,"path":2425,"stem":2426},"\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fadvanced\u002Farchitecture-best-practices","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F05.advanced\u002F03.architecture-best-practices",{"title":2428,"icon":132,"path":2429,"stem":2430,"children":2431,"page":59},"Project Kanban","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fproject-kanban","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F06.project-kanban",[2432,2436,2440,2444,2448,2452],{"title":2433,"path":2434,"stem":2435},"Проєкт: Kanban Board (Trello Clone)","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fproject-kanban\u002Fproject-overview","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F06.project-kanban\u002F01.project-overview",{"title":2437,"path":2438,"stem":2439},"Налаштування та Типізація","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fproject-kanban\u002Fsetup-and-types","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F06.project-kanban\u002F02.setup-and-types",{"title":2441,"path":2442,"stem":2443},"Board Slice: Серце Дошки","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fproject-kanban\u002Fboard-slice","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F06.project-kanban\u002F03.board-slice",{"title":2445,"path":2446,"stem":2447},"Логіка Drag & Drop","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fproject-kanban\u002Fdrag-and-drop-logic","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F06.project-kanban\u002F04.drag-and-drop-logic",{"title":2449,"path":2450,"stem":2451},"Інтеграція з RTK Query","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fproject-kanban\u002Frtk-query-integration","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F06.project-kanban\u002F05.rtk-query-integration",{"title":2453,"path":2454,"stem":2455},"Optimistic Updates","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fproject-kanban\u002Foptimistic-updates","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F06.project-kanban\u002F06.optimistic-updates",{"title":2457,"icon":132,"path":2458,"stem":2459,"children":2460,"page":59},"Testing","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Ftesting","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F07.testing",[2461,2465,2469,2473,2477],{"title":2462,"path":2463,"stem":2464},"Тестування Redux","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Ftesting\u002Fintro-testing","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F07.testing\u002F01.intro-testing",{"title":2466,"path":2467,"stem":2468},"Тестування Reducers","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Ftesting\u002Ftesting-reducers","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F07.testing\u002F02.testing-reducers",{"title":2470,"path":2471,"stem":2472},"Тестування Селекторів","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Ftesting\u002Ftesting-selectors","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F07.testing\u002F03.testing-selectors",{"title":2474,"path":2475,"stem":2476},"Тестування Компонентів (Integration)","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Ftesting\u002Ftesting-components","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F07.testing\u002F04.testing-components",{"title":2478,"path":2479,"stem":2480},"Тестування Async Thunks","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Ftesting\u002Ftesting-thunks","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F07.testing\u002F05.testing-thunks",{"title":2482,"icon":132,"path":2483,"stem":2484,"children":2485},"Ui Libraries","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fui-libraries","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F07.ui-libraries\u002Findex",[2486,2488,2492,2496,2500,2504,2508],{"title":2487,"path":2483,"stem":2484},"UI Бібліотеки в React",{"title":2489,"path":2490,"stem":2491},"Вступ до UI Бібліотек: Навіщо Винаходити Велосипед Двічі?","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fui-libraries\u002Fintroduction-to-ui-libraries","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F07.ui-libraries\u002F01.introduction-to-ui-libraries",{"title":2493,"path":2494,"stem":2495},"Філософія shadcn\u002Fui: \"Not a Component Library\"","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fui-libraries\u002Fshadcn-philosophy","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F07.ui-libraries\u002F02.shadcn-philosophy",{"title":2497,"path":2498,"stem":2499},"Установка та Налаштування shadcn\u002Fui","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fui-libraries\u002Fshadcn-installation","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F07.ui-libraries\u002F03.shadcn-installation",{"title":2501,"path":2502,"stem":2503},"Базові Компоненти shadcn\u002Fui: Фундамент Інтерфейсу","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fui-libraries\u002Fshadcn-components-basics","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F07.ui-libraries\u002F04.shadcn-components-basics",{"title":2505,"path":2506,"stem":2507},"Компоненти Форм: Побудова Інтерактивних Form","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fui-libraries\u002Fshadcn-components-forms","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F07.ui-libraries\u002F05.shadcn-components-forms",{"title":2509,"path":2510,"stem":2511},"Складні Компоненти: Dialog, Dropdown, Table та Command","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fui-libraries\u002Fshadcn-components-advanced","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F07.ui-libraries\u002F06.shadcn-components-advanced",{"title":2513,"icon":2514,"path":2515,"stem":2516,"children":2517,"page":59},"TypeScript","i-devicon-typescript","\u002Fjavascript\u002Ftypescript","03.javascript\u002F05.typescript",[2518,2522,2526,2530,2534,2538,2542,2546],{"title":2519,"path":2520,"stem":2521},"TypeScript: Броня для вашого коду","\u002Fjavascript\u002Ftypescript\u002Fintro-and-basic-types","03.javascript\u002F05.typescript\u002F01.intro-and-basic-types",{"title":2523,"path":2524,"stem":2525},"Майстерність Моделювання Даних: Інтерфейси та Просунуті Типи","\u002Fjavascript\u002Ftypescript\u002Finterfaces-and-advanced-types","03.javascript\u002F05.typescript\u002F02.interfaces-and-advanced-types",{"title":2527,"path":2528,"stem":2529},"Алхімія Типів: Generics та Utility Types","\u002Fjavascript\u002Ftypescript\u002Fgenerics-and-utilities","03.javascript\u002F05.typescript\u002F03.generics-and-utilities",{"title":2531,"path":2532,"stem":2533},"Архітектура та Шаблони: Класи в TypeScript","\u002Fjavascript\u002Ftypescript\u002Fclasses-and-oop","03.javascript\u002F05.typescript\u002F04.classes-and-oop",{"title":2535,"path":2536,"stem":2537},"Продакшн та Екосистема: Advanced Config & Workflow","\u002Fjavascript\u002Ftypescript\u002Fadvanced-patterns-and-config","03.javascript\u002F05.typescript\u002F05.advanced-patterns-and-config",{"title":2539,"path":2540,"stem":2541},"TypeScript у світі React","\u002Fjavascript\u002Ftypescript\u002Freact-basics","03.javascript\u002F05.typescript\u002F06.react-basics",{"title":2543,"path":2544,"stem":2545},"React + TypeScript: Продвинуті патерни","\u002Fjavascript\u002Ftypescript\u002Freact-advanced","03.javascript\u002F05.typescript\u002F07.react-advanced",{"title":2547,"path":2548,"stem":2549},"React + TypeScript: Екосистема та бібліотеки","\u002Fjavascript\u002Ftypescript\u002Freact-ecosystem","03.javascript\u002F05.typescript\u002F08.react-ecosystem",{"title":2551,"icon":2552,"path":2553,"stem":2554,"children":2555,"page":59},"Асинхронність","i-lucide-refresh-cw","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fasync-programming","03.javascript\u002F06.async-programming",[2556,2560,2564],{"title":2557,"path":2558,"stem":2559},"Event Loop: серце асинхронності в JavaScript","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fasync-programming\u002Fevent-loop-fundamentals","03.javascript\u002F06.async-programming\u002F01.event-loop-fundamentals",{"title":2561,"path":2562,"stem":2563},"Task Queue та Microtask Queue: пріоритети виконання","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fasync-programming\u002Ftask-queues","03.javascript\u002F06.async-programming\u002F02.task-queues",{"title":2565,"path":2566,"stem":2567},"Асинхронні патерни: від Callbacks до Async\u002FAwait","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fasync-programming\u002Fasync-patterns","03.javascript\u002F06.async-programming\u002F03.async-patterns",{"title":2569,"path":2570,"stem":2571},"Atomic Design","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fatomic-design","03.javascript\u002F2.atomic-design",{"title":2573,"icon":2574,"path":2575,"stem":2576,"children":2577,"page":59},"Java","i-devicon-java","\u002Fjava","04.java",[2578,2581,2584,2588,2592,2596,2600],{"title":162,"path":2579,"stem":2580},"\u002Fjava\u002Fdata-mapper-part1","04.java\u002F01.data-mapper-part1",{"title":166,"path":2582,"stem":2583},"\u002Fjava\u002Fdata-mapper-part2","04.java\u002F02.data-mapper-part2",{"title":2585,"path":2586,"stem":2587},"Service Layer: Організація бізнес-логіки","\u002Fjava\u002Fservice-layer","04.java\u002F03.service-layer",{"title":2589,"path":2590,"stem":2591},"Rich Domain Model та State Pattern","\u002Fjava\u002Frich-domain-model","04.java\u002F04.rich-domain-model",{"title":2593,"path":2594,"stem":2595},"Патерни для складної бізнес-логіки","\u002Fjava\u002Fbusiness-logic-patterns","04.java\u002F05.business-logic-patterns",{"title":2597,"path":2598,"stem":2599},"Обробка помилок та валідація","\u002Fjava\u002Ferror-handling-validation","04.java\u002F06.error-handling-validation",{"title":2601,"path":2602,"stem":2603,"children":2604,"page":59},"Проектування баз даних","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2","04.java\u002Fpr2",[2605,2609,2613,2617,2621,2625,2629,2633,2637,2641,2645,2649,2653,2657,2661,2665,2669,2673,2677,2681,2685,2689,2693,2697,2701,2705,2709,2713,2717,2721,2725,2729,2733,2737,2741,2745,2749],{"title":2606,"path":2607,"stem":2608},"Концептуальне моделювання: Мистецтво розуміння предметної області","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fconceptual-modeling","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F01.conceptual-modeling",{"title":2610,"path":2611,"stem":2612},"Логічне моделювання: Від бізнес-ідей до структур даних","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Flogical-modeling","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F02.logical-modeling",{"title":2614,"path":2615,"stem":2616},"Нормалізація: Гігієна даних та боротьба з аномаліями","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fnormalization","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F03.normalization",{"title":2618,"path":2619,"stem":2620},"Фізична схема: Від абстракції до DDL","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fphysical-schema","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F04.physical-schema",{"title":2622,"path":2623,"stem":2624},"Архітектурна класифікація таблиць","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Ftable-classification","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F05.table-classification",{"title":2626,"path":2627,"stem":2628},"Database Migrations: Версіонування схеми з Flyway","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fdatabase-migrations","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F06.database-migrations",{"title":2630,"path":2631,"stem":2632},"А що, якби це була не реляційна БД?","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fbeyond-relational","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F07.beyond-relational",{"title":2634,"path":2635,"stem":2636},"Object-Relational Impedance Mismatch: Два світи, що не хочуть дружити","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fimpedance-mismatch","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F09.impedance-mismatch",{"title":2638,"path":2639,"stem":2640},"JDBC: Перший контакт із базою даних","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fjdbc-fundamentals","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F10.jdbc-fundamentals",{"title":2642,"path":2643,"stem":2644},"Якість коду: Spotless, SpotBugs та SonarQube","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002F10a.code-quality","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F10a.code-quality",{"title":2646,"path":2647,"stem":2648},"Connection Pool: Патерн Object Pool для JDBC-з'єднань","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fconnection-pool","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F11.connection-pool",{"title":2650,"path":2651,"stem":2652},"Row Data Gateway: Об'єкт як обгортка рядка таблиці","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Frow-data-gateway","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F12.row-data-gateway",{"title":2654,"path":2655,"stem":2656},"Table Data Gateway: Фасад таблиці як архітектурний відступ","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Ftable-data-gateway","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F13.table-data-gateway",{"title":2658,"path":2659,"stem":2660},"Repository + Data Mapper: Правильна шарова архітектура з JDBC","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Frepository-data-mapper","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F14.repository-data-mapper",{"title":2662,"path":2663,"stem":2664},"Identity Map: Кешування сутностей у рамках сесії","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fidentity-map","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F15.identity-map",{"title":2666,"path":2667,"stem":2668},"Unit of Work: Відстеження змін і координація JDBC-транзакцій","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Funit-of-work","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F16.unit-of-work",{"title":2670,"path":2671,"stem":2672},"Strategy: Замінювані SQL-стратегії для підтримки різних СУБД","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fstrategy-sql","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F17.strategy-sql",{"title":2674,"path":2675,"stem":2676},"Proxy: Lazy Loading для One-To-Many колекцій","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fproxy-lazy-loading","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F18.proxy-lazy-loading",{"title":2678,"path":2679,"stem":2680},"Generic Repository через Java Reflection: анотації та динамічний SQL","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fgeneric-repository-reflection","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F19.generic-repository-reflection",{"title":2682,"path":2683,"stem":2684},"Specification Pattern: Композиція бізнес-правил для складних запитів","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fspecification-pattern","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F20.specification-pattern",{"title":2686,"path":2687,"stem":2688},"Розширені можливості Specification Pattern: підзапити, агрегації та гібридний підхід","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002F20a.advanced-specifications","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F20a.advanced-specifications",{"title":2690,"path":2691,"stem":2692},"Асинхронність у JDBC: Від блокуючих викликів до CompletableFuture","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fasynchronous-jdbc","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F21.asynchronous-jdbc",{"title":2694,"path":2695,"stem":2696},"Інтеграційне тестування JDBC-репозиторіїв: Embedded H2 та патерн AAA","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fintegration-testing-h2","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F22.integration-testing-h2",{"title":2698,"path":2699,"stem":2700},"Testcontainers: Тестування з реальною PostgreSQL у Docker-контейнерах","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fintegration-testing-testcontainers","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F23.integration-testing-testcontainers",{"title":2702,"path":2703,"stem":2704},"Google Guice: Впровадження залежностей у JavaFX-проєкті","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fdependency-injection-guice","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F24.dependency-injection-guice",{"title":2706,"path":2707,"stem":2708},"JavaFX: Основи побудови графічних інтерфейсів","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fjavafx-fundamentals","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F25.javafx-fundamentals",{"title":2710,"path":2711,"stem":2712},"Properties та Bindings: Реактивність у JavaFX","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fjavafx-properties-bindings","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F26.javafx-properties-bindings",{"title":2714,"path":2715,"stem":2716},"MVC vs MVP vs MVVM: Еволюція архітектурних патернів UI","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fui-architecture-patterns","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F27.ui-architecture-patterns",{"title":2718,"path":2719,"stem":2720},"MVVM на практиці: Побудова ViewModel","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fmvvm-viewmodel-implementation","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F28.mvvm-viewmodel-implementation",{"title":2722,"path":2723,"stem":2724},"View та Controller: Зв'язування з ViewModel через FXML","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fmvvm-view-controller","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F29.mvvm-view-controller",{"title":2726,"path":2727,"stem":2728},"Інтеграція MVVM з Guice: Автоматична ін'єкція залежностей","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fmvvm-guice-integration","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F30.mvvm-guice-integration",{"title":2730,"path":2731,"stem":2732},"Валідація та обробка помилок у MVVM","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fmvvm-validation-error-handling","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F31.mvvm-validation-error-handling",{"title":2734,"path":2735,"stem":2736},"Навігація та управління екранами у JavaFX MVVM","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fmvvm-navigation-screen-management","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F32.mvvm-navigation-screen-management",{"title":2738,"path":2739,"stem":2740},"Тестування JavaFX MVVM-додатків","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fmvvm-testing","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F33.mvvm-testing",{"title":2742,"path":2743,"stem":2744},"Стилізація та теми у JavaFX: CSS та User Experience","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fjavafx-styling-themes","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F34.javafx-styling-themes",{"title":2746,"path":2747,"stem":2748},"AtlantaFX: Сучасні теми для JavaFX додатків","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fatlantafx-modern-themes","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F35.atlantafx-modern-themes",{"title":2750,"path":2751,"stem":2752},"Пакування та розповсюдження JavaFX-додатків","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fjar-packaging-distribution","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F36.jar-packaging-distribution",{"title":2754,"icon":2755,"path":2756,"stem":2757,"children":2758,"page":59},"Python","i-devicon-python","\u002Fpython","05.python",[2759,2763,2766,2770,2774,2778,2782,2786,2790,2794,2798,2802,2806,2810,2814,2875],{"title":2760,"path":2761,"stem":2762},"Модулі, Пакети та Віртуальні Середовища","\u002Fpython\u002Fmodules-packages-venv","05.python\u002F00.modules-packages-venv",{"title":71,"path":2764,"stem":2765},"\u002Fpython\u002Fclasses-objects","05.python\u002F01.classes-objects",{"title":2767,"path":2768,"stem":2769},"Інкапсуляція, Керування Доступом та Властивості","\u002Fpython\u002Fencapsulation","05.python\u002F02.encapsulation",{"title":2771,"path":2772,"stem":2773},"Наслідування, MRO та суперсила super()","\u002Fpython\u002Finheritance-mro","05.python\u002F03.inheritance-mro",{"title":2775,"path":2776,"stem":2777},"Абстракція — ABC проти Статичних Протоколів (PEP 544)","\u002Fpython\u002Fabstraction-protocols","05.python\u002F04.abstraction-protocols",{"title":2779,"path":2780,"stem":2781},"Магічні методи (Dunder) та Емуляція протоколів","\u002Fpython\u002Fdunder-methods","05.python\u002F05.dunder-methods",{"title":2783,"path":2784,"stem":2785},"Декоратори та Керування життєвим циклом методів","\u002Fpython\u002Fdecorators-static-class","05.python\u002F06.decorators-static-class",{"title":2787,"path":2788,"stem":2789},"Дескриптори — Магія доступу до атрибутів","\u002Fpython\u002Fdescriptors","05.python\u002F07.descriptors",{"title":2791,"path":2792,"stem":2793},"Метакласи — Динамічне створення класів під капотом CPython","\u002Fpython\u002Fmetaclasses","05.python\u002F08.metaclasses",{"title":2795,"path":2796,"stem":2797},"Dataclasses, NamedTuple та сучасні контейнери Python","\u002Fpython\u002Fmodern-containers","05.python\u002F09.modern-containers",{"title":2799,"path":2800,"stem":2801},"GIL та модель конкурентності CPython — фундамент перед потоками і процесами","\u002Fpython\u002Fgil-concurrency-intro","05.python\u002F11.gil-concurrency-intro",{"title":2803,"path":2804,"stem":2805},"Threading — конкурентність для I\u002FO-bound задач","\u002Fpython\u002Fthreading","05.python\u002F12.threading",{"title":2807,"path":2808,"stem":2809},"Multiprocessing — справжній паралелізм для CPU-bound задач","\u002Fpython\u002Fmultiprocessing","05.python\u002F13.multiprocessing",{"title":2811,"path":2812,"stem":2813},"asyncio — кооперативна конкурентність та event loop","\u002Fpython\u002Fasyncio","05.python\u002F14.asyncio",{"title":2815,"icon":92,"path":2816,"stem":2817,"children":2818,"page":59},"FastAPI","\u002Fpython\u002Ffastapi","05.python\u002Ffastapi",[2819,2823,2827,2831,2835,2839,2843,2847,2851,2855,2859,2863,2867,2871],{"title":2820,"path":2821,"stem":2822},"Глибокий Typing та Pydantic v2 — від анотацій до валідації","\u002Fpython\u002Ffastapi\u002Ftyping-pydantic","05.python\u002Ffastapi\u002F15.typing-pydantic",{"title":2824,"path":2825,"stem":2826},"WSGI, ASGI та Python Web-екосистема","\u002Fpython\u002Ffastapi\u002Fwsgi-asgi-ecosystem","05.python\u002Ffastapi\u002F16.wsgi-asgi-ecosystem",{"title":2828,"path":2829,"stem":2830},"FastAPI: Перший додаток, Uvicorn та OpenAPI","\u002Fpython\u002Ffastapi\u002Ffastapi-intro","05.python\u002Ffastapi\u002F17.fastapi-intro",{"title":2832,"path":2833,"stem":2834},"Маршрутизація, параметри запитів та APIRouter","\u002Fpython\u002Ffastapi\u002Ffastapi-routing-params","05.python\u002Ffastapi\u002F18.fastapi-routing-params",{"title":2836,"path":2837,"stem":2838},"Pydantic v2 у FastAPI — схеми, валідація та серіалізація","\u002Fpython\u002Ffastapi\u002Ffastapi-pydantic-schemas","05.python\u002Ffastapi\u002F19.fastapi-pydantic-schemas",{"title":2840,"path":2841,"stem":2842},"Dependency Injection — серце архітектури FastAPI","\u002Fpython\u002Ffastapi\u002Ffastapi-dependency-injection","05.python\u002Ffastapi\u002F20.fastapi-dependency-injection",{"title":2844,"path":2845,"stem":2846},"Обробка помилок, Middleware та CORS у FastAPI","\u002Fpython\u002Ffastapi\u002Ffastapi-errors-middleware","05.python\u002Ffastapi\u002F21.fastapi-errors-middleware",{"title":2848,"path":2849,"stem":2850},"SQLAlchemy 2.0 — ORM, Core та Async Engine","\u002Fpython\u002Ffastapi\u002Fsqlalchemy-orm","05.python\u002Ffastapi\u002F22.sqlalchemy-orm",{"title":2852,"path":2853,"stem":2854},"Alembic — міграції бази даних","\u002Fpython\u002Ffastapi\u002Falembic-migrations","05.python\u002Ffastapi\u002F23.alembic-migrations",{"title":2856,"path":2857,"stem":2858},"Repository Pattern та Clean Architecture у FastAPI","\u002Fpython\u002Ffastapi\u002Ffastapi-repository-clean-arch","05.python\u002Ffastapi\u002F24.fastapi-repository-clean-arch",{"title":2860,"path":2861,"stem":2862},"Автентифікація та авторизація — JWT, OAuth2, RBAC","\u002Fpython\u002Ffastapi\u002Ffastapi-auth-security","05.python\u002Ffastapi\u002F25.fastapi-auth-security",{"title":2864,"path":2865,"stem":2866},"Тестування FastAPI — pytest, httpx, fixtures","\u002Fpython\u002Ffastapi\u002Ffastapi-testing","05.python\u002Ffastapi\u002F26.fastapi-testing",{"title":2868,"path":2869,"stem":2870},"Async на повну — Background Tasks, WebSockets, SSE та Celery","\u002Fpython\u002Ffastapi\u002Ffastapi-async-advanced","05.python\u002Ffastapi\u002F27.fastapi-async-advanced",{"title":2872,"path":2873,"stem":2874},"Deployment — Docker, CI\u002FCD, Monitoring","\u002Fpython\u002Ffastapi\u002Ffastapi-deployment","05.python\u002Ffastapi\u002F28.fastapi-deployment",{"title":2876,"path":2877,"stem":2878},"[object Object]","\u002Fpython\u002Foop-plan","05.python\u002Foop-plan",{"title":2880,"icon":2881,"path":2882,"stem":2883,"children":2884,"page":59},"Бази даних","i-lucide-database","\u002Fdatabases","06.databases",[2885,2915,2938,2975,3004,3022,3056,3068,3077],{"title":2886,"icon":2887,"path":2888,"stem":2889,"children":2890,"page":59},"Intro","i-lucide-play","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fintro","06.databases\u002F01.intro",[2891,2895,2899,2903,2907,2911],{"title":2892,"path":2893,"stem":2894},"Введення в теорію баз даних","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fintro\u002Fintroduction-to-databases","06.databases\u002F01.intro\u002F01.introduction-to-databases",{"title":2896,"path":2897,"stem":2898},"Реляційна модель даних","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fintro\u002Frelational-model-theory","06.databases\u002F01.intro\u002F02.relational-model-theory",{"title":2900,"path":2901,"stem":2902},"ER-моделювання","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fintro\u002Fer-modeling","06.databases\u002F01.intro\u002F03.er-modeling",{"title":2904,"path":2905,"stem":2906},"Логічне проектування БД","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fintro\u002Flogical-schema","06.databases\u002F01.intro\u002F04.logical-schema",{"title":2908,"path":2909,"stem":2910},"Класифікація таблиць","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fintro\u002Ftable-classification","06.databases\u002F01.intro\u002F05.table-classification",{"title":2912,"path":2913,"stem":2914},"PlantUML для баз даних","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fintro\u002Fplantuml-diagrams","06.databases\u002F01.intro\u002F06.plantuml-diagrams",{"title":2916,"icon":2881,"path":2917,"stem":2918,"children":2919,"page":59},"MS SQL Server Start","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fms-sql-server-start","06.databases\u002F02.ms-sql-server-start",[2920,2924,2930,2934],{"title":2921,"path":2922,"stem":2923},"Типи даних у MS SQL Server","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fms-sql-server-start\u002Fdata-types","06.databases\u002F02.ms-sql-server-start\u002F01.data-types",{"title":2925,"path":2926,"stem":2927,"children":2928},"Індекси у MS SQL Server","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fms-sql-server-start\u002Fsql-indexes","06.databases\u002F02.ms-sql-server-start\u002F02.sql-indexes",[2929],{"title":2925,"path":2926,"stem":2927},{"title":2931,"path":2932,"stem":2933},"Системні бази даних MS SQL Server","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fms-sql-server-start\u002Fsystem-databases","06.databases\u002F02.ms-sql-server-start\u002F03.system-databases",{"title":2935,"path":2936,"stem":2937},"Огляд мови SQL та запитів","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fms-sql-server-start\u002Fsql-queries-overview","06.databases\u002F02.ms-sql-server-start\u002F04.sql-queries-overview",{"title":2939,"icon":2881,"path":2940,"stem":2941,"children":2942,"page":59},"SQL","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fsql","06.databases\u002F03.sql",[2943,2947,2951,2955,2959,2963,2967,2971],{"title":2944,"path":2945,"stem":2946},"Налаштування демонстраційної бази даних","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fsql\u002Fsample-database-setup","06.databases\u002F03.sql\u002F00.sample-database-setup",{"title":2948,"path":2949,"stem":2950},"DDL - Створення таблиць (CREATE TABLE)","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fsql\u002Fddl-create-table","06.databases\u002F03.sql\u002F01.ddl-create-table",{"title":2952,"path":2953,"stem":2954},"DDL - Зміна та видалення таблиць (ALTER, DROP)","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fsql\u002Fddl-alter-drop-table","06.databases\u002F03.sql\u002F02.ddl-alter-drop-table",{"title":2956,"path":2957,"stem":2958},"SELECT запити - Основи","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fsql\u002Fselect-queries-fundamentals","06.databases\u002F03.sql\u002F03.select-queries-fundamentals",{"title":2960,"path":2961,"stem":2962},"SELECT запити - Розширені можливості","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fsql\u002Fselect-queries-advanced","06.databases\u002F03.sql\u002F04.select-queries-advanced",{"title":2964,"path":2965,"stem":2966},"INSERT запити - Додавання даних","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fsql\u002Finsert-queries","06.databases\u002F03.sql\u002F05.insert-queries",{"title":2968,"path":2969,"stem":2970},"UPDATE та DELETE запити","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fsql\u002Fupdate-delete-queries","06.databases\u002F03.sql\u002F06.update-delete-queries",{"title":2972,"path":2973,"stem":2974},"Транзакції в SQL","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fsql\u002Ftransactions","06.databases\u002F03.sql\u002F07.transactions",{"title":2976,"icon":2881,"path":2977,"stem":2978,"children":2979,"page":59},"Multi Table Databases","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fmulti-table-databases","06.databases\u002F04.multi-table-databases",[2980,2984,2988,2992,2996,3000],{"title":2981,"path":2982,"stem":2983},"Зв'язки та нормалізація БД","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fmulti-table-databases\u002Frelationships-and-normalization","06.databases\u002F04.multi-table-databases\u002F00.relationships-and-normalization",{"title":2985,"path":2986,"stem":2987},"INNER JOIN - З'єднання таблиць","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fmulti-table-databases\u002Finner-join","06.databases\u002F04.multi-table-databases\u002F01.inner-join",{"title":2989,"path":2990,"stem":2991},"OUTER JOINs - LEFT, RIGHT, FULL","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fmulti-table-databases\u002Fouter-joins","06.databases\u002F04.multi-table-databases\u002F02.outer-joins",{"title":2993,"path":2994,"stem":2995},"CROSS та SELF JOINs","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fmulti-table-databases\u002Fcross-self-joins","06.databases\u002F04.multi-table-databases\u002F03.cross-self-joins",{"title":2997,"path":2998,"stem":2999},"Підзапити (Subqueries)","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fmulti-table-databases\u002Fsubqueries","06.databases\u002F04.multi-table-databases\u002F04.subqueries",{"title":3001,"path":3002,"stem":3003},"Агрегації з JOIN","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fmulti-table-databases\u002Faggregations-with-joins","06.databases\u002F04.multi-table-databases\u002F05.aggregations-with-joins",{"title":3005,"icon":3006,"path":3007,"stem":3008,"children":3009,"page":59},"Aggregate Functions","i-lucide-calculator","\u002Fdatabases\u002Faggregate-functions","06.databases\u002F05.aggregate-functions",[3010,3014,3018],{"title":3011,"path":3012,"stem":3013},"Функції агрегування в MS SQL Server","\u002Fdatabases\u002Faggregate-functions\u002Fintroduction-aggregate-functions","06.databases\u002F05.aggregate-functions\u002F01.introduction-aggregate-functions",{"title":3015,"path":3016,"stem":3017},"Групування даних в MS SQL Server","\u002Fdatabases\u002Faggregate-functions\u002Fgrouping-data","06.databases\u002F05.aggregate-functions\u002F02.grouping-data",{"title":3019,"path":3020,"stem":3021},"Підзапити з агрегатними функціями","\u002Fdatabases\u002Faggregate-functions\u002Fsubqueries-aggregates","06.databases\u002F05.aggregate-functions\u002F03.subqueries-aggregates",{"title":3023,"icon":3024,"path":3025,"stem":3026,"children":3027,"page":59},"Тригери та зберігаємі процедури","i-lucide-database-zap","\u002Fdatabases\u002Ftriggers-stored-procedures","06.databases\u002F07.triggers-stored-procedures",[3028,3032,3036,3040,3044,3048,3052],{"title":3029,"path":3030,"stem":3031},"DML-тригери","\u002Fdatabases\u002Ftriggers-stored-procedures\u002Fdml-triggers","06.databases\u002F07.triggers-stored-procedures\u002F01.dml-triggers",{"title":3033,"path":3034,"stem":3035},"DDL-тригери","\u002Fdatabases\u002Ftriggers-stored-procedures\u002Fddl-triggers","06.databases\u002F07.triggers-stored-procedures\u002F02.ddl-triggers",{"title":3037,"path":3038,"stem":3039},"Transact-SQL розширення","\u002Fdatabases\u002Ftriggers-stored-procedures\u002Ftransact-sql-extensions","06.databases\u002F07.triggers-stored-procedures\u002F03.transact-sql-extensions",{"title":3041,"path":3042,"stem":3043},"Транзакції","\u002Fdatabases\u002Ftriggers-stored-procedures\u002Ftransactions","06.databases\u002F07.triggers-stored-procedures\u002F04.transactions",{"title":3045,"path":3046,"stem":3047},"Зберігаємі процедури","\u002Fdatabases\u002Ftriggers-stored-procedures\u002Fstored-procedures","06.databases\u002F07.triggers-stored-procedures\u002F05.stored-procedures",{"title":3049,"path":3050,"stem":3051},"Користувацькі функції","\u002Fdatabases\u002Ftriggers-stored-procedures\u002Fuser-defined-functions","06.databases\u002F07.triggers-stored-procedures\u002F06.user-defined-functions",{"title":3053,"path":3054,"stem":3055},"Безпека баз даних","\u002Fdatabases\u002Ftriggers-stored-procedures\u002Fsecurity","06.databases\u002F07.triggers-stored-procedures\u002F08.security",{"title":3053,"icon":793,"path":3057,"stem":3058,"children":3059,"page":59},"\u002Fdatabases\u002Fsecurity","06.databases\u002F08.security",[3060,3064],{"title":3061,"path":3062,"stem":3063},"Вступ до безпеки баз даних","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fsecurity\u002Fintroduction","06.databases\u002F08.security\u002F01.introduction",{"title":3065,"path":3066,"stem":3067},"Системні представлення та метадані","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fsecurity\u002Fsystem-views","06.databases\u002F08.security\u002F02.system-views",{"title":3069,"icon":3070,"path":3071,"stem":3072,"children":3073,"page":59},"Резервне копіювання та відновлення","i-lucide-database-backup","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fbackup-recovery","06.databases\u002F09.backup-recovery",[3074],{"title":3069,"path":3075,"stem":3076},"\u002Fdatabases\u002Fbackup-recovery\u002Fbackup-restore","06.databases\u002F09.backup-recovery\u002F01.backup-restore",{"title":3078,"icon":3079,"path":3080,"stem":3081,"children":3082,"page":59},"Повнотекстовий пошук","i-lucide-search","\u002Fdatabases\u002Ffull-text-search","06.databases\u002F10.full-text-search",[3083],{"title":3078,"path":3084,"stem":3085},"\u002Fdatabases\u002Ffull-text-search\u002Ffull-text-search","06.databases\u002F10.full-text-search\u002F01.full-text-search",{"title":3087,"icon":3088,"path":3089,"stem":3090,"children":3091,"page":59},"Tools","i-lucide-wrench","\u002Ftools","07.tools",[3092,3168],{"title":3093,"icon":3094,"path":3095,"stem":3096,"children":3097},"Docker","i-simple-icons-docker","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002Findex",[3098,3100,3104,3108,3112,3116,3120,3124,3128,3132,3136,3140,3144,3148,3152,3156,3160,3164],{"title":3099,"path":3095,"stem":3096},"Docker: від нуля до production",{"title":3101,"path":3102,"stem":3103},"Контейнеризація — від проблеми до рішення","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fcontainerization-concept","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F01.containerization-concept",{"title":3105,"path":3106,"stem":3107},"Docker — що це і навіщо?","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fdocker-what-and-why","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F02.docker-what-and-why",{"title":3109,"path":3110,"stem":3111},"Архітектура Docker Engine","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fdocker-architecture","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F03.docker-architecture",{"title":3113,"path":3114,"stem":3115},"Встановлення Docker","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Finstallation","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F04.installation",{"title":3117,"path":3118,"stem":3119},"Перший контейнер — docker run","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Ffirst-container","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F05.first-container",{"title":3121,"path":3122,"stem":3123},"Життєвий цикл контейнера","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fcontainer-lifecycle","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F06.container-lifecycle",{"title":3125,"path":3126,"stem":3127},"Docker Images — фундаментальні концепції","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fdocker-images-fundamentals","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F07.docker-images-fundamentals",{"title":3129,"path":3130,"stem":3131},"Dockerfile — основи","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fdockerfile-basics","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F08.dockerfile-basics",{"title":3133,"path":3134,"stem":3135},"Dockerfile — просунуті техніки","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fdockerfile-advanced","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F09.dockerfile-advanced",{"title":3137,"path":3138,"stem":3139},"Build Context та кешування шарів","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fbuild-context-and-cache","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F10.build-context-and-cache",{"title":3141,"path":3142,"stem":3143},"Реєстри Docker-образів","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fimage-registries","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F11.image-registries",{"title":3145,"path":3146,"stem":3147},"Контейнеризація .NET додатків","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fdotnet-containerization","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F12.dotnet-containerization",{"title":3149,"path":3150,"stem":3151},"Томи та збереження даних","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fvolumes-and-data","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F13.volumes-and-data",{"title":3153,"path":3154,"stem":3155},"Основи мережі в Docker","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fnetworking-basics","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F14.networking-basics",{"title":3157,"path":3158,"stem":3159},"Змінні оточення та конфігурація","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fenvironment-and-configuration","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F15.environment-and-configuration",{"title":3161,"path":3162,"stem":3163},"Docker Compose — оркестрація контейнерів","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fdocker-compose-basics","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F16.docker-compose-basics",{"title":3165,"path":3166,"stem":3167},"Docker Compose — Multi-Service застосунки","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fcompose-multi-service","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F17.compose-multi-service",{"title":3169,"icon":3170,"path":3171,"stem":3172,"children":3173},"Kubernetes","simple-icons:kubernetes","\u002Ftools\u002Fkubernetes","07.tools\u002F02.kubernetes\u002Findex",[3174,3176,3180,3184,3188,3192,3196,3200,3204],{"title":3175,"path":3171,"stem":3172},"Kubernetes: від розробки до production",{"title":3177,"path":3178,"stem":3179},"Kubernetes — коли Docker Compose більше не вистачає","\u002Ftools\u002Fkubernetes\u002Fwhy-kubernetes","07.tools\u002F02.kubernetes\u002F01.why-kubernetes",{"title":3181,"path":3182,"stem":3183},"Архітектура Kubernetes — анатомія кластера","\u002Ftools\u002Fkubernetes\u002Fkubernetes-architecture","07.tools\u002F02.kubernetes\u002F02.kubernetes-architecture",{"title":3185,"path":3186,"stem":3187},"Локальне середовище — minikube, kind та k3s","\u002Ftools\u002Fkubernetes\u002Flocal-environment","07.tools\u002F02.kubernetes\u002F03.local-environment",{"title":3189,"path":3190,"stem":3191},"Pod — атомарна одиниця Kubernetes","\u002Ftools\u002Fkubernetes\u002Fpods-and-containers","07.tools\u002F02.kubernetes\u002F04.pods-and-containers",{"title":3193,"path":3194,"stem":3195},"Патерни використання Pod","\u002Ftools\u002Fkubernetes\u002Fpod-patterns","07.tools\u002F02.kubernetes\u002F05.pod-patterns",{"title":3197,"path":3198,"stem":3199},"Deployment — декларативне управління Pod","\u002Ftools\u002Fkubernetes\u002Fdeployment-basics","07.tools\u002F02.kubernetes\u002F06.deployment-basics",{"title":3201,"path":3202,"stem":3203},"Rolling Updates та управління життєвим циклом Deployment","\u002Ftools\u002Fkubernetes\u002Fdeployment-rolling-updates","07.tools\u002F02.kubernetes\u002F07.deployment-rolling-updates",{"title":3205,"path":3206,"stem":3207},"Service — мережева абстракція для Pod","\u002Ftools\u002Fkubernetes\u002Fservices-networking","07.tools\u002F02.kubernetes\u002F08.services-networking",{"title":3209,"icon":3210,"path":3211,"stem":3212,"children":3213,"page":59},"Software Engineering","i-lucide-code-2","\u002Fsoftware-engineering","09.software-engineering",[3214,3218,3222,3226,3230,3234,3238,3242,3246,3250,3254],{"title":3215,"path":3216,"stem":3217},"1. Аналіз предметної області. Експертні знання та складність","\u002Fsoftware-engineering\u002Fintro-subdomains","09.software-engineering\u002F01.intro-subdomains",{"title":3219,"path":3220,"stem":3221},"2. Обмежені контексти. Інтеграція обмежених контекстів","\u002Fsoftware-engineering\u002Fintegrating-limited-contexts","09.software-engineering\u002F02.integrating-limited-contexts",{"title":3223,"path":3224,"stem":3225},"3. Реалізація простої бізнес-логіки","\u002Fsoftware-engineering\u002Fsimple","09.software-engineering\u002F03.simple",{"title":3227,"path":3228,"stem":3229},"4. Опрацювання складної бізнес-логіки","\u002Fsoftware-engineering\u002Fcomplex-business-logic","09.software-engineering\u002F04.complex-business-logic",{"title":3231,"path":3232,"stem":3233},"5. Моделювання фактора часу. Подієво-орієнтована архітектура.","\u002Fsoftware-engineering\u002Fmodelling-the-time-factor","09.software-engineering\u002F05.modelling-the-time-factor",{"title":3235,"path":3236,"stem":3237},"6. Архітектурні патерни","\u002Fsoftware-engineering\u002Farchitectural-patterns","09.software-engineering\u002F06.architectural-patterns",{"title":3239,"path":3240,"stem":3241},"Паттерни взаємодії","\u002Fsoftware-engineering\u002Fpatterns-of-interaction","09.software-engineering\u002F07.patterns-of-interaction",{"title":3243,"path":3244,"stem":3245},"Евристика проєктування","\u002Fsoftware-engineering\u002Fdesign-heuristics","09.software-engineering\u002F08.design-heuristics",{"title":3247,"path":3248,"stem":3249},"Еволюція проєктних рішень","\u002Fsoftware-engineering\u002Fevolution-of-design-solutions","09.software-engineering\u002F09.evolution-of-design-solutions",{"title":3251,"path":3252,"stem":3253},"EventStorming","\u002Fsoftware-engineering\u002Feventstorming","09.software-engineering\u002F10.eventstorming",{"title":3255,"path":3256,"stem":3257},"DDD на практиці","\u002Fsoftware-engineering\u002Fddd-in-practice","09.software-engineering\u002F11.ddd-in-practice",{"title":3259,"icon":943,"path":3260,"stem":3261,"children":3262,"page":59},"DDD","\u002Fddd","10.ddd",[3263,3267,3271,3275,3279,3283,3287,3291,3295,3299,3303,3307,3311],{"title":3264,"path":3265,"stem":3266},"Аналіз предметної області","\u002Fddd\u002Fdomain-analysis","10.ddd\u002F01.domain-analysis",{"title":3268,"path":3269,"stem":3270},"Експертні знання про предметну область","\u002Fddd\u002Fdomain-expert-knowledge","10.ddd\u002F02.domain-expert-knowledge",{"title":3272,"path":3273,"stem":3274},"Як осмислити складність предметної області","\u002Fddd\u002Fmanaging-domain-complexity","10.ddd\u002F03.managing-domain-complexity",{"title":3276,"path":3277,"stem":3278},"Інтеграція обмежених контекстів","\u002Fddd\u002Fbounded-context-integration","10.ddd\u002F04.bounded-context-integration",{"title":3280,"path":3281,"stem":3282},"Реалізація простої бізнес-логіки","\u002Fddd\u002Fsimple-business-logic","10.ddd\u002F05.simple-business-logic",{"title":3284,"path":3285,"stem":3286},"Обробка складної бізнес-логіки","\u002Fddd\u002Fcomplex-business-logic","10.ddd\u002F06.complex-business-logic",{"title":3288,"path":3289,"stem":3290},"Моделювання фактора часу","\u002Fddd\u002Ftime-modeling","10.ddd\u002F07.time-modeling",{"title":3292,"path":3293,"stem":3294},"Глава 8. Архітектурні Патерни","\u002Fddd\u002Farchitectural-patterns","10.ddd\u002F08.architectural-patterns",{"title":3296,"path":3297,"stem":3298},"Глава 9. Патерни Взаємодії","\u002Fddd\u002Finteraction-patterns","10.ddd\u002F09.interaction-patterns",{"title":3300,"path":3301,"stem":3302},"Глава 10. Проектні Евристики","\u002Fddd\u002Fdesign-heuristics","10.ddd\u002F10.design-heuristics",{"title":3304,"path":3305,"stem":3306},"Глава 11. Еволюція Проектних Рішень","\u002Fddd\u002Fevolution-of-design-decisions","10.ddd\u002F11.evolution-of-design-decisions",{"title":3308,"path":3309,"stem":3310},"Глава 12. EventStorming","\u002Fddd\u002Fevent-storming","10.ddd\u002F12.event-storming",{"title":3312,"path":3313,"stem":3314},"Глава 13. DDD на Практиці","\u002Fddd\u002Fddd-in-practice","10.ddd\u002F13.ddd-in-practice",{"title":3316,"icon":3317,"path":3318,"stem":3319,"children":3320,"page":59},"Media Streaming","i-lucide-video","\u002Fmedia-streaming","11.media-streaming",[3321,3325,3329,3333,3337,3341,3345],{"title":3322,"path":3323,"stem":3324},"01. Магія Стрімінгу: Що відбувається, коли ви натискаєте \"Play\"","\u002Fmedia-streaming\u002Fintroduction","11.media-streaming\u002F01.introduction",{"title":3326,"path":3327,"stem":3328},"02. Анатомія Медіа: Кодеки, Контейнери та Стиснення","\u002Fmedia-streaming\u002Faudio-video-anatomy","11.media-streaming\u002F02.audio-video-anatomy",{"title":3330,"path":3331,"stem":3332},"03. The Gym: FFmpeg Deep Dive","\u002Fmedia-streaming\u002Fffmpeg-gym","11.media-streaming\u002F03.ffmpeg-gym",{"title":3334,"path":3335,"stem":3336},"04. HLS Protocol: HTTP Live Streaming у Деталях","\u002Fmedia-streaming\u002Fhls-protocol","11.media-streaming\u002F04.hls-protocol",{"title":3338,"path":3339,"stem":3340},"05. DASH Protocol: Відкритий Стандарт","\u002Fmedia-streaming\u002Fdash-protocol","11.media-streaming\u002F05.dash-protocol",{"title":3342,"path":3343,"stem":3344},"06. Масштабування: CDN та Adaptive Bitrate","\u002Fmedia-streaming\u002Fcdn-and-adaptive-bitrate","11.media-streaming\u002F06.cdn-and-adaptive-bitrate",{"title":3346,"path":3347,"stem":3348},"07. Війна із Затримкою (Latency)","\u002Fmedia-streaming\u002Frealtime-latency","11.media-streaming\u002F07.realtime-latency",{"title":3350,"icon":3351,"path":3352,"stem":3353,"children":3354,"page":59},"HTML & CSS","i-devicon-html5","\u002Fhtml-css","12.html-css",[3355,3359,3363,3367,3371,3375,3379,3383,3387,3391,3395,3399,3403,3407,3411,3415,3419,3423,3427,3431,3435,3439,3443,3447,3451,3455,3459,3463,3467,3471],{"title":3356,"path":3357,"stem":3358},"Вступ до HTML. Структура документа","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fintro-html-structure","12.html-css\u002F01.intro-html-structure",{"title":3360,"path":3361,"stem":3362},"Форматування тексту в HTML","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fhtml-text-formatting","12.html-css\u002F02.html-text-formatting",{"title":3364,"path":3365,"stem":3366},"Посилання та зображення в HTML","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fhtml-links-images","12.html-css\u002F03.html-links-images",{"title":3368,"path":3369,"stem":3370},"Списки та таблиці в HTML","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fhtml-lists-tables","12.html-css\u002F04.html-lists-tables",{"title":3372,"path":3373,"stem":3374},"Форми в HTML","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fhtml-forms","12.html-css\u002F05.html-forms",{"title":3376,"path":3377,"stem":3378},"Семантичні елементи HTML5","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fhtml-semantic-elements","12.html-css\u002F06.html-semantic-elements",{"title":3380,"path":3381,"stem":3382},"Мультимедіа та розширені елементи HTML","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fhtml-multimedia-advanced","12.html-css\u002F07.html-multimedia-advanced",{"title":3384,"path":3385,"stem":3386},"Мікророзмітка та SEO в HTML","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fhtml-microdata-seo","12.html-css\u002F08.html-microdata-seo",{"title":3388,"path":3389,"stem":3390},"Вступ до CSS. Селектори та специфічність","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-intro-selectors","12.html-css\u002F09.css-intro-selectors",{"title":3392,"path":3393,"stem":3394},"Блокова модель CSS. Відступи. Box Sizing","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-box-model","12.html-css\u002F10.css-box-model",{"title":3396,"path":3397,"stem":3398},"Розміри у CSS: повний довідник одиниць і ключових слів","\u002Fhtml-css\u002F10a.css-sizing","12.html-css\u002F10a.css-sizing",{"title":3400,"path":3401,"stem":3402},"Типографіка в CSS. Шрифти та текст","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-typography","12.html-css\u002F11.css-typography",{"title":3404,"path":3405,"stem":3406},"Кольори та фони в CSS","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-colors-backgrounds","12.html-css\u002F12.css-colors-backgrounds",{"title":3408,"path":3409,"stem":3410},"Тіні та фільтри в CSS","\u002Fhtml-css\u002F12b.css-shadows-filters","12.html-css\u002F12b.css-shadows-filters",{"title":3412,"path":3413,"stem":3414},"CSS Flexbox: Фундамент гнучких макетів","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-flexbox-fundamentals","12.html-css\u002F13.css-flexbox-fundamentals",{"title":3416,"path":3417,"stem":3418},"CSS Flexbox: Вирівнювання та Позиціонування","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-flexbox-alignment-sizing-and-patterns","12.html-css\u002F14.css-flexbox-alignment-sizing-and-patterns",{"title":3420,"path":3421,"stem":3422},"CSS Grid. Двовимірний макет. Частина 1","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-layout-grid","12.html-css\u002F15.css-layout-grid",{"title":3424,"path":3425,"stem":3426},"CSS Grid. Двовимірний макет. Частина 2","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-layout-grid-advanced","12.html-css\u002F16.css-layout-grid-advanced",{"title":3428,"path":3429,"stem":3430},"Позиціонування в CSS. Z-index. Stacking Context","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-positioning","12.html-css\u002F17.css-positioning",{"title":3432,"path":3433,"stem":3434},"CSS Анімації та Переходи","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-animations-transitions","12.html-css\u002F18.css-animations-transitions",{"title":3436,"path":3437,"stem":3438},"Адаптивний дизайн. Media Queries. Частина 1","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-responsive-media-queries","12.html-css\u002F19.css-responsive-media-queries",{"title":3440,"path":3441,"stem":3442},"Адаптивний дизайн. Частина 2: clamp(), Container Queries, @layer","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-responsive-advanced","12.html-css\u002F20.css-responsive-advanced",{"title":3444,"path":3445,"stem":3446},"CSS Custom Properties. Методології. Сучасний CSS","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-variables-methodologies","12.html-css\u002F21.css-variables-methodologies",{"title":3448,"path":3449,"stem":3450},"Сучасний CSS 2023–2025: Нові можливості","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-modern-features","12.html-css\u002F22.css-modern-features",{"title":3452,"path":3453,"stem":3454},"CSS Nesting, @layer, @scope та @property: нативний препроцесор","\u002Fhtml-css\u002F22a.css-nesting-modern-syntax","12.html-css\u002F22a.css-nesting-modern-syntax",{"title":3456,"path":3457,"stem":3458},"CSS для форм та інтерактивних станів","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-forms-interactive-states","12.html-css\u002F23.css-forms-interactive-states",{"title":3460,"path":3461,"stem":3462},"Доступність у CSS (CSS Accessibility)","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-accessibility","12.html-css\u002F24.css-accessibility",{"title":3464,"path":3465,"stem":3466},"CSS-функції та сучасні sizing primitives","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-functions-sizing","12.html-css\u002F25.css-functions-sizing",{"title":3468,"path":3469,"stem":3470},"Rendering Pipeline і CSS Performance","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-rendering-performance","12.html-css\u002F26.css-rendering-performance",{"title":3472,"path":3473,"stem":3474},"CSS Best Practices: типові ситуації та правильні рішення","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-best-practices","12.html-css\u002F27.css-best-practices",{"title":3476,"path":3477,"stem":3478,"children":3479,"page":59},"AWS","\u002Faws","13.aws",[3480,3484,3488,3492,3496,3500,3504,3508,3512,3516,3520,3524,3528,3532,3536,3540,3544,3548],{"title":3481,"path":3482,"stem":3483},"Реєстрація AWS акаунту та студентські програми","\u002Faws\u002Faccount-registration","13.aws\u002F00.account-registration",{"title":3485,"path":3486,"stem":3487},"Вступ до хмарних обчислень та AWS","\u002Faws\u002Fintroduction-to-cloud","13.aws\u002F01.introduction-to-cloud",{"title":3489,"path":3490,"stem":3491},"AWS IAM — Identity and Access Management","\u002Faws\u002Fiam","13.aws\u002F02.iam",{"title":3493,"path":3494,"stem":3495},"AWS IAM CLI — Довідник команд","\u002Faws\u002F02a.iam-doc","13.aws\u002F02a.iam-doc",{"title":3497,"path":3498,"stem":3499},"Docker та контейнеризація в AWS — ECR, ECS та Fargate","\u002Faws\u002Fdocker-ecs","13.aws\u002F03.docker-ecs",{"title":3501,"path":3502,"stem":3503},"AWS ECR \u002F ECS CLI — Довідник команд","\u002Faws\u002F03a.docker-ecs-doc","13.aws\u002F03a.docker-ecs-doc",{"title":3505,"path":3506,"stem":3507},"Amazon EC2 — Elastic Compute Cloud","\u002Faws\u002Fec2","13.aws\u002F04.ec2",{"title":3509,"path":3510,"stem":3511},"AWS EC2 CLI — Довідник команд","\u002Faws\u002F04a.ec2-doc","13.aws\u002F04a.ec2-doc",{"title":3513,"path":3514,"stem":3515},"Elastic Load Balancing та Auto Scaling","\u002Faws\u002Falb-asg","13.aws\u002F05.alb-asg",{"title":3517,"path":3518,"stem":3519},"Amazon S3 — Simple Storage Service","\u002Faws\u002Fs3","13.aws\u002F06.s3",{"title":3521,"path":3522,"stem":3523},"Amazon CloudFront — Content Delivery Network","\u002Faws\u002Fcloudfront","13.aws\u002F07.cloudfront",{"title":3525,"path":3526,"stem":3527},"Amazon RDS — Relational Database Service","\u002Faws\u002Frds","13.aws\u002F08.rds",{"title":3529,"path":3530,"stem":3531},"Amazon DynamoDB — NoSQL Database","\u002Faws\u002Fdynamodb","13.aws\u002F09.dynamodb",{"title":3533,"path":3534,"stem":3535},"AWS Lambda та Serverless Compute","\u002Faws\u002Flambda","13.aws\u002F10.lambda",{"title":3537,"path":3538,"stem":3539},"Amazon Bedrock - Foundation Models, RAG та Agents","\u002Faws\u002Fbedrock","13.aws\u002F22.bedrock",{"title":3541,"path":3542,"stem":3543},"Amazon Rekognition - Комп'ютерний зір","\u002Faws\u002Frekognition","13.aws\u002F23.rekognition",{"title":3545,"path":3546,"stem":3547},"Amazon Textract - Інтелектуальний аналіз документів","\u002Faws\u002Ftextract","13.aws\u002F24.textract",{"title":3549,"path":3550,"stem":3551},"Amazon Polly, Transcribe, Comprehend та Translate","\u002Faws\u002Faudio-nlp-services","13.aws\u002F25.audio-nlp-services",{"title":3553,"path":3554,"stem":3555,"children":3556,"page":59},"Ai Development","\u002Fai-development","14.ai-development",[3557],{"title":3558,"path":3559,"stem":3560,"children":3561,"page":59},"Foundations","\u002Fai-development\u002Ffoundations","14.ai-development\u002F00.foundations",[3562],{"title":3563,"path":3564,"stem":3565},"Модуль 0.1. Що таке Large Language Model (LLM)","\u002Fai-development\u002Ffoundations\u002Fwhat-is-llm","14.ai-development\u002F00.foundations\u002F01.what-is-llm",{"title":3567,"path":3568,"stem":3569,"children":3570,"page":59},"React Native","\u002Freact-native","15.react-native",[3571,3592],{"title":3572,"path":3573,"stem":3574,"children":3575,"page":59},"Version1","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion1","15.react-native\u002Fversion1",[3576,3580,3584,3588],{"title":3577,"path":3578,"stem":3579},"Що таке React Native","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion1\u002Fwhat-is-react-native","15.react-native\u002Fversion1\u002F01.what-is-react-native",{"title":3581,"path":3582,"stem":3583},"Як влаштований React Native «під капотом»","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion1\u002Freact-native-architecture","15.react-native\u002Fversion1\u002F02.react-native-architecture",{"title":3585,"path":3586,"stem":3587},"Від React до React Native: ключові відмінності","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion1\u002Freact-native-vs-react","15.react-native\u002Fversion1\u002F03.react-native-vs-react",{"title":3589,"path":3590,"stem":3591},"View та Text — фундаментальні будівельні блоки","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion1\u002Fview-and-text","15.react-native\u002Fversion1\u002F04.view-and-text",{"title":3593,"path":3594,"stem":3595,"children":3596,"page":59},"Version2","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2","15.react-native\u002Fversion2",[3597,3601,3605,3609,3613,3617,3621,3625,3629,3633,3637,3641,3645,3649,3653,3657,3661,3665,3669,3673,3677,3681,3685,3689,3693,3697,3701],{"title":3598,"path":3599,"stem":3600},"React Native — навіщо він потрібен","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2\u002Fwhy-react-native","15.react-native\u002Fversion2\u002F01.why-react-native",{"title":3602,"path":3603,"stem":3604},"Налаштування середовища розробки","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2\u002Fenvironment-setup","15.react-native\u002Fversion2\u002F02.environment-setup",{"title":3606,"path":3607,"stem":3608},"Expo і класичний React Native — два шляхи одного фреймворку","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2\u002Fexpo-vs-cli-landscape","15.react-native\u002Fversion2\u002F03.expo-vs-cli-landscape",{"title":3610,"path":3611,"stem":3612},"Середовище Expo — перший запуск","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2\u002Fexpo-setup-and-tooling","15.react-native\u002Fversion2\u002F04.expo-setup-and-tooling",{"title":3614,"path":3615,"stem":3616},"Структура проєкту та перші UI-примітиви","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2\u002Fproject-structure-and-conventions","15.react-native\u002Fversion2\u002F05.project-structure-and-conventions",{"title":3618,"path":3619,"stem":3620},"Базові компоненти React Native","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2\u002Fcore-components","15.react-native\u002Fversion2\u002F06.core-components",{"title":3622,"path":3623,"stem":3624},"Flexbox і layout у React Native","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2\u002Fflexbox-and-layout","15.react-native\u002Fversion2\u002F07.flexbox-and-layout",{"title":3626,"path":3627,"stem":3628},"StyleSheet і теми (light \u002F dark)","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2\u002Fstylesheet-and-theming","15.react-native\u002Fversion2\u002F08.stylesheet-and-theming",{"title":3630,"path":3631,"stem":3632},"Списки та віртуалізація","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2\u002Flists-and-virtualization","15.react-native\u002Fversion2\u002F09.lists-and-virtualization",{"title":3634,"path":3635,"stem":3636},"Форми, ввід і валідація","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2\u002Fforms-input-validation","15.react-native\u002Fversion2\u002F10.forms-input-validation",{"title":3638,"path":3639,"stem":3640},"Основи Expo Router","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2\u002Fexpo-router-basics","15.react-native\u002Fversion2\u002F11.expo-router-basics",{"title":3642,"path":3643,"stem":3644},"Вкладені навігатори та модалки","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2\u002Fnested-navigators-and-modals","15.react-native\u002Fversion2\u002F12.nested-navigators-and-modals",{"title":3646,"path":3647,"stem":3648},"Deep linking і параметри маршрутів","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2\u002Fdeep-linking-and-params","15.react-native\u002Fversion2\u002F13.deep-linking-and-params",{"title":3650,"path":3651,"stem":3652},"Робота з мережею та життєвий цикл застосунку","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2\u002Fnetworking-and-app-lifecycle","15.react-native\u002Fversion2\u002F14.networking-and-app-lifecycle",{"title":3654,"path":3655,"stem":3656},"Redux Toolkit на мобільних платформах","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2\u002Fredux-toolkit-on-mobile","15.react-native\u002Fversion2\u002F15.redux-toolkit-on-mobile",{"title":3658,"path":3659,"stem":3660},"RTK Query на мобільних платформах","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2\u002Frtk-query-mobile","15.react-native\u002Fversion2\u002F16.rtk-query-mobile",{"title":3662,"path":3663,"stem":3664},"Автентифікація та Безпечне Зберігання","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2\u002Fauth-secure-storage","15.react-native\u002Fversion2\u002F18.auth-secure-storage",{"title":3666,"path":3667,"stem":3668},"Локальне сховище — AsyncStorage, MMKV, SQLite","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2\u002Flocal-storage-mmkv-sqlite","15.react-native\u002Fversion2\u002F19.local-storage-mmkv-sqlite",{"title":3670,"path":3671,"stem":3672},"Офлайн-First і синхронізація","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2\u002Foffline-first-sync","15.react-native\u002Fversion2\u002F20.offline-first-sync",{"title":3674,"path":3675,"stem":3676},"Камера, медіа та файлова система","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2\u002Fcamera-media-filesystem","15.react-native\u002Fversion2\u002F21.camera-media-filesystem",{"title":3678,"path":3679,"stem":3680},"Карти та геолокація","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2\u002Fmaps-and-location","15.react-native\u002Fversion2\u002F22.maps-and-location",{"title":3682,"path":3683,"stem":3684},"Жести та дотики","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2\u002Fgestures-and-touch","15.react-native\u002Fversion2\u002F23.gestures-and-touch",{"title":3686,"path":3687,"stem":3688},"Анімації з Reanimated","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2\u002Freanimated-animations","15.react-native\u002Fversion2\u002F24.reanimated-animations",{"title":3690,"path":3691,"stem":3692},"Push і локальні сповіщення","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2\u002Fpush-and-local-notifications","15.react-native\u002Fversion2\u002F25.push-and-local-notifications",{"title":3694,"path":3695,"stem":3696},"Інтернаціоналізація та доступність","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2\u002Faccessibility-and-i18n","15.react-native\u002Fversion2\u002F26.accessibility-and-i18n",{"title":3698,"path":3699,"stem":3700},"EAS Build та профілі збірки","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2\u002Feas-build-and-profiles","15.react-native\u002Fversion2\u002F29.eas-build-and-profiles",{"title":3702,"path":3703,"stem":3704},"Публікація в App Store та Google Play","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2\u002Fapp-store-play-release","15.react-native\u002Fversion2\u002F30.app-store-play-release",{"title":3706,"path":3707,"stem":3708,"children":3709,"page":59},"Ai Python","\u002Fai-python","16.ai-python",[3710,3719,3728,3737,3766,3792,3817,3850,3867,3880,3889,3902,3911,3932,3945,3966],{"title":3711,"path":3712,"stem":3713,"children":3714,"page":59},"Intro To Ai","\u002Fai-python\u002Fintro-to-ai","16.ai-python\u002F01.intro-to-ai",[3715],{"title":3716,"path":3717,"stem":3718},"Вступ до штучного інтелекту та машинного навчання","\u002Fai-python\u002Fintro-to-ai\u002Fintro-to-ai","16.ai-python\u002F01.intro-to-ai\u002F01.intro-to-ai",{"title":3720,"path":3721,"stem":3722,"children":3723,"page":59},"Jupyter Notebook","\u002Fai-python\u002Fjupyter-notebook","16.ai-python\u002F02.jupyter-notebook",[3724],{"title":3725,"path":3726,"stem":3727},"Знайомство з Jupyter Notebook та JupyterLab","\u002Fai-python\u002Fjupyter-notebook\u002Fjupyter-notebook","16.ai-python\u002F02.jupyter-notebook\u002F02.jupyter-notebook",{"title":3729,"path":3730,"stem":3731,"children":3732,"page":59},"Numpy Pandas","\u002Fai-python\u002Fnumpy-pandas","16.ai-python\u002F03.numpy-pandas",[3733],{"title":3734,"path":3735,"stem":3736},"Робота з даними з використанням NumPy і pandas","\u002Fai-python\u002Fnumpy-pandas\u002Fnumpy-pandas","16.ai-python\u002F03.numpy-pandas\u002F03.numpy-pandas",{"title":3738,"path":3739,"stem":3740,"children":3741,"page":59},"Statistics Basics","\u002Fai-python\u002Fstatistics-basics","16.ai-python\u002F04.statistics-basics",[3742,3746,3750,3754,3758,3762],{"title":3743,"path":3744,"stem":3745},"Випадкові величини та їх типи","\u002Fai-python\u002Fstatistics-basics\u002Frandom-variables","16.ai-python\u002F04.statistics-basics\u002F01.random-variables",{"title":3747,"path":3748,"stem":3749},"Міри центральної тенденції","\u002Fai-python\u002Fstatistics-basics\u002Fcentral-tendency","16.ai-python\u002F04.statistics-basics\u002F02.central-tendency",{"title":3751,"path":3752,"stem":3753},"Міри варіації (розсіювання)","\u002Fai-python\u002Fstatistics-basics\u002Fvariability","16.ai-python\u002F04.statistics-basics\u002F03.variability",{"title":3755,"path":3756,"stem":3757},"Розподіли випадкових величин","\u002Fai-python\u002Fstatistics-basics\u002Fdistributions","16.ai-python\u002F04.statistics-basics\u002F04.distributions",{"title":3759,"path":3760,"stem":3761},"Кореляція та взаємозв'язки","\u002Fai-python\u002Fstatistics-basics\u002Fcorrelation","16.ai-python\u002F04.statistics-basics\u002F05.correlation",{"title":3763,"path":3764,"stem":3765},"Викиди та аномалії","\u002Fai-python\u002Fstatistics-basics\u002Foutliers","16.ai-python\u002F04.statistics-basics\u002F06.outliers",{"title":3767,"path":3768,"stem":3769,"children":3770},"Візуалізація даних за допомогою matplotlib","\u002Fai-python\u002Fdata-visualization","16.ai-python\u002F05.data-visualization\u002Findex",[3771,3772,3776,3780,3784,3788],{"title":3767,"path":3768,"stem":3769},{"title":3773,"path":3774,"stem":3775},"Основи matplotlib — Figure, Axes та перший графік","\u002Fai-python\u002Fdata-visualization\u002Fmatplotlib-basics","16.ai-python\u002F05.data-visualization\u002F01.matplotlib-basics",{"title":3777,"path":3778,"stem":3779},"Візуалізація розподілів — гістограми та box plots","\u002Fai-python\u002Fdata-visualization\u002Fdistributions","16.ai-python\u002F05.data-visualization\u002F02.distributions",{"title":3781,"path":3782,"stem":3783},"Візуалізація залежностей — scatter plots та кореляція","\u002Fai-python\u002Fdata-visualization\u002Frelationships","16.ai-python\u002F05.data-visualization\u002F03.relationships",{"title":3785,"path":3786,"stem":3787},"Візуалізація категоріальних даних — bar charts та pie charts","\u002Fai-python\u002Fdata-visualization\u002Fcategorical","16.ai-python\u002F05.data-visualization\u002F04.categorical",{"title":3789,"path":3790,"stem":3791},"Композиції та стилізація — subplots та багатопанельні дашборди","\u002Fai-python\u002Fdata-visualization\u002Fsubplots-styling","16.ai-python\u002F05.data-visualization\u002F05.subplots-styling",{"title":3793,"path":3794,"stem":3795,"children":3796,"page":59},"Linear Regression","\u002Fai-python\u002Flinear-regression","16.ai-python\u002F06.linear-regression",[3797,3801,3805,3809,3813],{"title":3798,"path":3799,"stem":3800},"Регресійна задача та лінійна регресія з однією змінною","\u002Fai-python\u002Flinear-regression\u002Fregression-task","16.ai-python\u002F06.linear-regression\u002F01.regression-task",{"title":3802,"path":3803,"stem":3804},"Метрики якості регресії — як оцінити модель","\u002Fai-python\u002Flinear-regression\u002Fquality-metrics","16.ai-python\u002F06.linear-regression\u002F02.quality-metrics",{"title":3806,"path":3807,"stem":3808},"Градієнтний спуск — як модель навчається","\u002Fai-python\u002Flinear-regression\u002Fgradient-descent","16.ai-python\u002F06.linear-regression\u002F03.gradient-descent",{"title":3810,"path":3811,"stem":3812},"Множинна лінійна регресія — модель з багатьма ознаками","\u002Fai-python\u002Flinear-regression\u002Fmultiple-regression","16.ai-python\u002F06.linear-regression\u002F04.multiple-regression",{"title":3814,"path":3815,"stem":3816},"Практичні завдання та резюме модуля","\u002Fai-python\u002Flinear-regression\u002Fpractice","16.ai-python\u002F06.linear-regression\u002F05.practice",{"title":3818,"path":3819,"stem":3820,"children":3821,"page":59},"Practical Regression","\u002Fai-python\u002Fpractical-regression","16.ai-python\u002F07.practical-regression",[3822,3826,3830,3834,3838,3842,3846],{"title":3823,"path":3824,"stem":3825},"Знайомство з scikit-learn","\u002Fai-python\u002Fpractical-regression\u002Fintro-scikit-learn","16.ai-python\u002F07.practical-regression\u002F01.intro-scikit-learn",{"title":3827,"path":3828,"stem":3829},"Exploratory Data Analysis датасету Housing Prices","\u002Fai-python\u002Fpractical-regression\u002Fhousing-dataset-eda","16.ai-python\u002F07.practical-regression\u002F02.housing-dataset-eda",{"title":3831,"path":3832,"stem":3833},"Попередня обробка даних (Data Preprocessing)","\u002Fai-python\u002Fpractical-regression\u002Fdata-preprocessing","16.ai-python\u002F07.practical-regression\u002F03.data-preprocessing",{"title":3835,"path":3836,"stem":3837},"Train\u002FTest Split та перша повноцінна модель","\u002Fai-python\u002Fpractical-regression\u002Ftrain-test-split","16.ai-python\u002F07.practical-regression\u002F04.train-test-split",{"title":3839,"path":3840,"stem":3841},"Перенавчання та недонавчання","\u002Fai-python\u002Fpractical-regression\u002Foverfitting-underfitting","16.ai-python\u002F07.practical-regression\u002F05.overfitting-underfitting",{"title":3843,"path":3844,"stem":3845},"Крос-валідація (Cross-Validation)","\u002Fai-python\u002Fpractical-regression\u002Fcross-validation","16.ai-python\u002F07.practical-regression\u002F06.cross-validation",{"title":3847,"path":3848,"stem":3849},"Гіперпараметри та їх оптимізація","\u002Fai-python\u002Fpractical-regression\u002Fhyperparameter-tuning","16.ai-python\u002F07.practical-regression\u002F07.hyperparameter-tuning",{"title":3851,"path":3852,"stem":3853,"children":3854,"page":59},"Polynomial Regression","\u002Fai-python\u002Fpolynomial-regression","16.ai-python\u002F08.polynomial-regression",[3855,3859,3863],{"title":3856,"path":3857,"stem":3858},"Нелінійні залежності та поліноміальна регресія","\u002Fai-python\u002Fpolynomial-regression\u002Fnonlinear-patterns","16.ai-python\u002F08.polynomial-regression\u002F01.nonlinear-patterns",{"title":3860,"path":3861,"stem":3862},"Регуляризація в регресії — Ridge та Lasso","\u002Fai-python\u002Fpolynomial-regression\u002Fregularization-methods","16.ai-python\u002F08.polynomial-regression\u002F02.regularization-methods",{"title":3864,"path":3865,"stem":3866},"Практика — поліноміальна регресія та регуляризація на Housing Prices","\u002Fai-python\u002Fpolynomial-regression\u002Fhousing-prices-practice","16.ai-python\u002F08.polynomial-regression\u002F03.housing-prices-practice",{"title":3868,"path":3869,"stem":3870,"children":3871,"page":59},"Decision Trees Random Forest","\u002Fai-python\u002Fdecision-trees-random-forest","16.ai-python\u002F09.decision-trees-random-forest",[3872,3876],{"title":3873,"path":3874,"stem":3875},"Дерева рішень — моделі з прозорою та зрозумілою логікою","\u002Fai-python\u002Fdecision-trees-random-forest\u002Fdecision-trees","16.ai-python\u002F09.decision-trees-random-forest\u002F01.decision-trees",{"title":3877,"path":3878,"stem":3879},"Random Forest — ансамблі дерев рішень","\u002Fai-python\u002Fdecision-trees-random-forest\u002Frandom-forest","16.ai-python\u002F09.decision-trees-random-forest\u002F02.random-forest",{"title":3881,"path":3882,"stem":3883,"children":3884,"page":59},"Gradient Boosting","\u002Fai-python\u002Fgradient-boosting","16.ai-python\u002F10.gradient-boosting",[3885],{"title":3886,"path":3887,"stem":3888},"Градієнтний бустинг та XGBoost — послідовне виправлення помилок","\u002Fai-python\u002Fgradient-boosting\u002Fgradient-boosting-xgboost","16.ai-python\u002F10.gradient-boosting\u002F01.gradient-boosting-xgboost",{"title":3890,"path":3891,"stem":3892,"children":3893,"page":59},"Logistic Regression Classification","\u002Fai-python\u002Flogistic-regression-classification","16.ai-python\u002F11.logistic-regression-classification",[3894,3898],{"title":3895,"path":3896,"stem":3897},"Основи класифікації та логістична регресія","\u002Fai-python\u002Flogistic-regression-classification\u002Fclassification-basics","16.ai-python\u002F11.logistic-regression-classification\u002F01.classification-basics",{"title":3899,"path":3900,"stem":3901},"Метрики якості класифікації","\u002Fai-python\u002Flogistic-regression-classification\u002Fclassification-metrics","16.ai-python\u002F11.logistic-regression-classification\u002F02.classification-metrics",{"title":3903,"path":3904,"stem":3905,"children":3906,"page":59},"Neural Networks Basics","\u002Fai-python\u002Fneural-networks-basics","16.ai-python\u002F12.neural-networks-basics",[3907],{"title":3908,"path":3909,"stem":3910},"Вступ до нейронних мереж — від персептрона до багатошарових мереж","\u002Fai-python\u002Fneural-networks-basics\u002Fperceptron-to-mlp","16.ai-python\u002F12.neural-networks-basics\u002F01.perceptron-to-mlp",{"title":3912,"path":3913,"stem":3914,"children":3915,"page":59},"Pytorch Intro","\u002Fai-python\u002Fpytorch-intro","16.ai-python\u002F13.pytorch-intro",[3916,3920,3924,3928],{"title":3917,"path":3918,"stem":3919},"Тензори та автоматичне диференціювання в PyTorch","\u002Fai-python\u002Fpytorch-intro\u002Ftensors-and-autograd","16.ai-python\u002F13.pytorch-intro\u002F01.tensors-and-autograd",{"title":3921,"path":3922,"stem":3923},"Побудова та тренування нейронних мереж у PyTorch","\u002Fai-python\u002Fpytorch-intro\u002Fbuilding-and-training","16.ai-python\u002F13.pytorch-intro\u002F02.building-and-training",{"title":3925,"path":3926,"stem":3927},"Робота з даними та регуляризація в PyTorch","\u002Fai-python\u002Fpytorch-intro\u002Fdata-and-regularization","16.ai-python\u002F13.pytorch-intro\u002F03.data-and-regularization",{"title":3929,"path":3930,"stem":3931},"Просунуті теми PyTorch — GPU, оптимізація та deployment","\u002Fai-python\u002Fpytorch-intro\u002Fadvanced-topics","16.ai-python\u002F13.pytorch-intro\u002F04.advanced-topics",{"title":3933,"path":3934,"stem":3935,"children":3936,"page":59},"Activation Functions Heart Disease","\u002Fai-python\u002Factivation-functions-heart-disease","16.ai-python\u002F14.activation-functions-heart-disease",[3937,3941],{"title":3938,"path":3939,"stem":3940},"Функції активації та побудова нейронної мережі для передбачення вад серця","\u002Fai-python\u002Factivation-functions-heart-disease\u002Fheart-disease-prediction","16.ai-python\u002F14.activation-functions-heart-disease\u002F01.heart-disease-prediction",{"title":3942,"path":3943,"stem":3944},"Бонус — Повний приклад Student Performance Prediction","\u002Fai-python\u002Factivation-functions-heart-disease\u002Fstudent-performance-bonus","16.ai-python\u002F14.activation-functions-heart-disease\u002F02.student-performance-bonus",{"title":3946,"path":3947,"stem":3948,"children":3949,"page":59},"Cnn Image Classification","\u002Fai-python\u002Fcnn-image-classification","16.ai-python\u002F15.cnn-image-classification",[3950,3954,3958,3962],{"title":3951,"path":3952,"stem":3953},"Основи згорткових нейронних мереж — чому не MLP?","\u002Fai-python\u002Fcnn-image-classification\u002Fcnn-fundamentals","16.ai-python\u002F15.cnn-image-classification\u002F01.cnn-fundamentals",{"title":3955,"path":3956,"stem":3957},"Практична імплементація CNN для класифікації MNIST","\u002Fai-python\u002Fcnn-image-classification\u002Fmnist-classification","16.ai-python\u002F15.cnn-image-classification\u002F02.mnist-classification",{"title":3959,"path":3960,"stem":3961},"Глибші CNN та аугментація даних для CIFAR-10","\u002Fai-python\u002Fcnn-image-classification\u002Fcifar10-and-data-augmentation","16.ai-python\u002F15.cnn-image-classification\u002F03.cifar10-and-data-augmentation",{"title":3963,"path":3964,"stem":3965},"Transfer Learning та візуалізація внутрішніх представлень CNN","\u002Fai-python\u002Fcnn-image-classification\u002Ftransfer-learning-and-visualization","16.ai-python\u002F15.cnn-image-classification\u002F04.transfer-learning-and-visualization",{"title":3967,"path":3968,"stem":3969,"children":3970,"page":59},"Batching Normalization Deep Networks","\u002Fai-python\u002Fbatching-normalization-deep-networks","16.ai-python\u002F16.batching-normalization-deep-networks",[3971,3975,3979,3983,3987,3991,3995],{"title":3972,"path":3973,"stem":3974},"Mini-batch Gradient Descent та ефективна обробка даних","\u002Fai-python\u002Fbatching-normalization-deep-networks\u002Fmini-batch-gradient-descent","16.ai-python\u002F16.batching-normalization-deep-networks\u002F01.mini-batch-gradient-descent",{"title":3976,"path":3977,"stem":3978},"Ініціалізація ваг — фундамент стабільного навчання","\u002Fai-python\u002Fbatching-normalization-deep-networks\u002Fweight-initialization","16.ai-python\u002F16.batching-normalization-deep-networks\u002F02.weight-initialization",{"title":3980,"path":3981,"stem":3982},"Batch Normalization — прорив у глибокому навчанні","\u002Fai-python\u002Fbatching-normalization-deep-networks\u002Fbatch-normalization","16.ai-python\u002F16.batching-normalization-deep-networks\u002F03.batch-normalization",{"title":3984,"path":3985,"stem":3986},"Dropout та комбіновані стратегії регуляризації","\u002Fai-python\u002Fbatching-normalization-deep-networks\u002Fdropout-and-regularization","16.ai-python\u002F16.batching-normalization-deep-networks\u002F04.dropout-and-regularization",{"title":3988,"path":3989,"stem":3990},"Проєктування глибоких мереж — від теорії до практики","\u002Fai-python\u002Fbatching-normalization-deep-networks\u002Fdeep-networks-architectures","16.ai-python\u002F16.batching-normalization-deep-networks\u002F05.deep-networks-architectures",{"title":3992,"path":3993,"stem":3994},"Планування learning rate — коли та як зменшувати крок навчання","\u002Fai-python\u002Fbatching-normalization-deep-networks\u002Flearning-rate-scheduling","16.ai-python\u002F16.batching-normalization-deep-networks\u002F06.learning-rate-scheduling",{"title":3996,"path":3997,"stem":3998},"Підсумковий проєкт — побудова сучасного класифікатора зображень","\u002Fai-python\u002Fbatching-normalization-deep-networks\u002Ffinal-project-deep-classifier","16.ai-python\u002F16.batching-normalization-deep-networks\u002F07.final-project-deep-classifier",{"title":4000,"icon":658,"path":4001,"stem":4002,"children":4003,"page":59},"Клієнт-серверна архітектура","\u002Fclient-server-architecture","17.client-server-architecture",[4004,4008,4012,4016,4020,4024,4028,4032,4036,4040,4044,4048,4052,4056,4060,4064,4068,4072],{"title":4005,"path":4006,"stem":4007},"Архітектура клієнт-серверних систем та основи Go","\u002Fclient-server-architecture\u002Fclient-server-architecture-and-go","17.client-server-architecture\u002F01.client-server-architecture-and-go",{"title":4009,"path":4010,"stem":4011},"Система типів та модель пам’яті мови Go","\u002Fclient-server-architecture\u002Ftype-system-and-memory-model","17.client-server-architecture\u002F02.type-system-and-memory-model",{"title":4013,"path":4014,"stem":4015},"Інтерфейси та модель конкурентності мови Go","\u002Fclient-server-architecture\u002Finterfaces-and-concurrency-model","17.client-server-architecture\u002F03.interfaces-and-concurrency-model",{"title":4017,"path":4018,"stem":4019},"Сокетне програмування та протокол TCP у Go","\u002Fclient-server-architecture\u002Ftcp-socket-programming","17.client-server-architecture\u002F04.tcp-socket-programming",{"title":4021,"path":4022,"stem":4023},"Протокол UDP та датаграмна передача даних","\u002Fclient-server-architecture\u002Fudp-datagram-transmission","17.client-server-architecture\u002F05.udp-datagram-transmission",{"title":4025,"path":4026,"stem":4027},"Криптографічний захист каналів зв","\u002Fclient-server-architecture\u002Ftls-cryptographic-channel-protection","17.client-server-architecture\u002F06.tls-cryptographic-channel-protection",{"title":4029,"path":4030,"stem":4031},"Прикладні мережеві протоколи DNS та SMTP","\u002Fclient-server-architecture\u002Fdns-smtp-application-protocols","17.client-server-architecture\u002F07.dns-smtp-application-protocols",{"title":4033,"path":4034,"stem":4035},"Протокол HTTP та стандартний вебсервер Go","\u002Fclient-server-architecture\u002Fhttp-protocol-and-web-server","17.client-server-architecture\u002F08.http-protocol-and-web-server",{"title":4037,"path":4038,"stem":4039},"Проєктування REST API та маршрутизація засобами Chi","\u002Fclient-server-architecture\u002Frest-api-design-and-chi-routing","17.client-server-architecture\u002F09.rest-api-design-and-chi-routing",{"title":4041,"path":4042,"stem":4043},"Лекція 10. Шарувата архітектура та конвеєри обробки запитів","\u002Fclient-server-architecture\u002Flayered-architecture-and-middleware-pipelines","17.client-server-architecture\u002F10.layered-architecture-and-middleware-pipelines",{"title":4045,"path":4046,"stem":4047},"Лекція 11. Архітектура та маршрутизація фреймворку Gin","\u002Fclient-server-architecture\u002Fgin-framework-architecture-and-routing","17.client-server-architecture\u002F11.gin-framework-architecture-and-routing",{"title":4049,"path":4050,"stem":4051},"Лекція 12. Валідація даних, безпека та документування у Gin","\u002Fclient-server-architecture\u002Fdata-validation-security-and-documentation-in-gin","17.client-server-architecture\u002F12.data-validation-security-and-documentation-in-gin",{"title":4053,"path":4054,"stem":4055},"Лекція 13. Взаємодія з реляційними СУБД та технології ORM","\u002Fclient-server-architecture\u002Frelational-databases-and-orm","17.client-server-architecture\u002F13.relational-databases-and-orm",{"title":4057,"path":4058,"stem":4059},"Потокова передача даних та протокол WebSocket","\u002Fclient-server-architecture\u002Fstreaming-data-and-websockets","17.client-server-architecture\u002F14.streaming-data-and-websockets",{"title":4061,"path":4062,"stem":4063},"Міжсервісна взаємодія на основі протоколу gRPC","\u002Fclient-server-architecture\u002Fgrpc-inter-service-communication","17.client-server-architecture\u002F15.grpc-inter-service-communication",{"title":4065,"path":4066,"stem":4067},"Асинхронний обмін повідомленнями та протоколи черг","\u002Fclient-server-architecture\u002Fasynchronous-message-exchange-and-queue-protocols","17.client-server-architecture\u002F16.asynchronous-message-exchange-and-queue-protocols",{"title":4069,"path":4070,"stem":4071},"Протоколи потокового медіа та технологія WebRTC","\u002Fclient-server-architecture\u002Fstreaming-media-protocols-and-webrtc","17.client-server-architecture\u002F17.streaming-media-protocols-and-webrtc",{"title":4073,"path":4074,"stem":4075},"Моніторинг, безпека та контейнеризація застосунків","\u002Fclient-server-architecture\u002Fmonitoring-security-and-containerization","17.client-server-architecture\u002F18.monitoring-security-and-containerization",{"title":4077,"icon":2134,"path":4078,"stem":4079,"children":4080,"page":59},"Розробка WEB-застосувань","\u002Fweb-development","18.web-development",[4081,4126,4164,4193,4222,4279,4329,4423,4489,4571,4604,4632,4674,4720,4763],{"title":4082,"icon":658,"path":4083,"stem":4084,"children":4085,"page":59},"Архітектура комп'ютерних мереж та мережеві протоколи","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnetwork-architecture-and-protocols","18.web-development\u002F01.network-architecture-and-protocols",[4086,4090,4094,4098,4102,4106,4110,4114,4118,4122],{"title":4087,"path":4088,"stem":4089},"Еволюція веброзробки та модель клієнт-сервер","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnetwork-architecture-and-protocols\u002Fweb-evolution-client-server","18.web-development\u002F01.network-architecture-and-protocols\u002F01.web-evolution-client-server",{"title":4091,"path":4092,"stem":4093},"Еталонна модель OSI","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnetwork-architecture-and-protocols\u002Fosi-model","18.web-development\u002F01.network-architecture-and-protocols\u002F02.osi-model",{"title":4095,"path":4096,"stem":4097},"Стек протоколів TCP\u002FIP","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnetwork-architecture-and-protocols\u002Ftcp-ip-stack","18.web-development\u002F01.network-architecture-and-protocols\u002F03.tcp-ip-stack",{"title":4099,"path":4100,"stem":4101},"IP-адресація, порти та сокети","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnetwork-architecture-and-protocols\u002Fip-addressing-ports-sockets","18.web-development\u002F01.network-architecture-and-protocols\u002F04.ip-addressing-ports-sockets",{"title":4103,"path":4104,"stem":4105},"Протоколи TCP та UDP","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnetwork-architecture-and-protocols\u002Ftcp-udp-protocols","18.web-development\u002F01.network-architecture-and-protocols\u002F05.tcp-udp-protocols",{"title":4107,"path":4108,"stem":4109},"Система доменних імен DNS","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnetwork-architecture-and-protocols\u002Fdns-system","18.web-development\u002F01.network-architecture-and-protocols\u002F06.dns-system",{"title":4111,"path":4112,"stem":4113},"Протокол SMTP та поштові протоколи","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnetwork-architecture-and-protocols\u002Fsmtp-email-protocols","18.web-development\u002F01.network-architecture-and-protocols\u002F07.smtp-email-protocols",{"title":4115,"path":4116,"stem":4117},"Протокол WebSocket","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnetwork-architecture-and-protocols\u002Fwebsocket-protocol","18.web-development\u002F01.network-architecture-and-protocols\u002F08.websocket-protocol",{"title":4119,"path":4120,"stem":4121},"Протокол SSH","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnetwork-architecture-and-protocols\u002Fssh-protocol","18.web-development\u002F01.network-architecture-and-protocols\u002F09.ssh-protocol",{"title":4123,"path":4124,"stem":4125},"Огляд сучасних серверних технологій","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnetwork-architecture-and-protocols\u002Fmodern-backend-technologies","18.web-development\u002F01.network-architecture-and-protocols\u002F10.modern-backend-technologies",{"title":4127,"icon":4128,"path":4129,"stem":4130,"children":4131,"page":59},"Протокол HTTP та захищена передача даних HTTPS","i-lucide-lock","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fhttp-and-https","18.web-development\u002F02.http-and-https",[4132,4136,4140,4144,4148,4152,4156,4160],{"title":4133,"path":4134,"stem":4135},"Вступ до протоколу HTTP та еволюція веб-технологій","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fhttp-and-https\u002Fintroduction-and-evolution","18.web-development\u002F02.http-and-https\u002F01.introduction-and-evolution",{"title":4137,"path":4138,"stem":4139},"Анатомія HTTP-запиту","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fhttp-and-https\u002Fhttp-request-structure","18.web-development\u002F02.http-and-https\u002F02.http-request-structure",{"title":4141,"path":4142,"stem":4143},"Анатомія HTTP-відповіді","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fhttp-and-https\u002Fhttp-response-structure","18.web-development\u002F02.http-and-https\u002F03.http-response-structure",{"title":4145,"path":4146,"stem":4147},"Методи HTTP та їхня семантика","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fhttp-and-https\u002Fhttp-methods","18.web-development\u002F02.http-and-https\u002F04.http-methods",{"title":4149,"path":4150,"stem":4151},"Коди статусу HTTP та їхнє призначення","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fhttp-and-https\u002Fhttp-status-codes","18.web-development\u002F02.http-and-https\u002F05.http-status-codes",{"title":4153,"path":4154,"stem":4155},"HTTP-заголовки та їхнє призначення","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fhttp-and-https\u002Fhttp-headers","18.web-development\u002F02.http-and-https\u002F06.http-headers",{"title":4157,"path":4158,"stem":4159},"CORS та механізми безпеки HTTP","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fhttp-and-https\u002Fcors-and-security","18.web-development\u002F02.http-and-https\u002F07.cors-and-security",{"title":4161,"path":4162,"stem":4163},"HTTPS та криптографічні основи TLS","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fhttp-and-https\u002Fhttps-and-tls","18.web-development\u002F02.http-and-https\u002F08.https-and-tls",{"title":4165,"icon":2514,"path":4166,"stem":4167,"children":4168,"page":59},"Система типів мови TypeScript","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftypescript-type-system","18.web-development\u002F03.typescript-type-system",[4169,4173,4177,4181,4185,4189],{"title":4170,"path":4171,"stem":4172},"Знайомство з TypeScript Compiler","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftypescript-type-system\u002Fintroduction-compiler-config","18.web-development\u002F03.typescript-type-system\u002F01.introduction-compiler-config",{"title":4174,"path":4175,"stem":4176},"Примітивні типи даних: string, number, boolean","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftypescript-type-system\u002Fprimitive-special-types","18.web-development\u002F03.typescript-type-system\u002F02.primitive-special-types",{"title":4178,"path":4179,"stem":4180},"Масиви, кортежі та об","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftypescript-type-system\u002Farrays-tuples-objects","18.web-development\u002F03.typescript-type-system\u002F03.arrays-tuples-objects",{"title":4182,"path":4183,"stem":4184},"Псевдоніми типів, Union типи, Intersection типи та літеральні типи","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftypescript-type-system\u002Funion-intersection-literals","18.web-development\u002F03.typescript-type-system\u002F04.union-intersection-literals",{"title":4186,"path":4187,"stem":4188},"Type Narrowing (звуження типів)","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftypescript-type-system\u002Ftype-narrowing","18.web-development\u002F03.typescript-type-system\u002F05.type-narrowing",{"title":4190,"path":4191,"stem":4192},"Типізація функцій","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftypescript-type-system\u002Ffunctions-typing","18.web-development\u002F03.typescript-type-system\u002F06.functions-typing",{"title":4194,"icon":2514,"path":4195,"stem":4196,"children":4197,"page":59},"Розширені засоби мови TypeScript","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftypescript-advanced","18.web-development\u002F04.typescript-advanced",[4198,4202,4206,4210,4214,4218],{"title":4199,"path":4200,"stem":4201},"Interfaces та Classes","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftypescript-advanced\u002Finterfaces-classes","18.web-development\u002F04.typescript-advanced\u002F01.interfaces-classes",{"title":4203,"path":4204,"stem":4205},"Основи Generic типів","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftypescript-advanced\u002Fgenerics-fundamentals","18.web-development\u002F04.typescript-advanced\u002F02.generics-fundamentals",{"title":4207,"path":4208,"stem":4209},"Enums та Decorators","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftypescript-advanced\u002Fenums-decorators","18.web-development\u002F04.typescript-advanced\u002F03.enums-decorators",{"title":4211,"path":4212,"stem":4213},"Utility Types","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftypescript-advanced\u002Futility-types","18.web-development\u002F04.typescript-advanced\u002F04.utility-types",{"title":4215,"path":4216,"stem":4217},"Mapped та Conditional Types","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftypescript-advanced\u002Fmapped-conditional-types","18.web-development\u002F04.typescript-advanced\u002F05.mapped-conditional-types",{"title":4219,"path":4220,"stem":4221},"Модулі та Strict Mode","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftypescript-advanced\u002Fmodules-strict-mode","18.web-development\u002F04.typescript-advanced\u002F06.modules-strict-mode",{"title":4223,"icon":4224,"path":4225,"stem":4226,"children":4227,"page":59},"Платформа Node.js як середовище виконання","i-devicon-nodejs","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnodejs-platform","18.web-development\u002F05.nodejs-platform",[4228,4232,4236,4240,4244,4248,4252,4256,4260,4264,4268,4271,4275],{"title":4229,"path":4230,"stem":4231},"Що таке Node.js та його архітектура","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnodejs-platform\u002Fwhat-is-nodejs","18.web-development\u002F05.nodejs-platform\u002F01.what-is-nodejs",{"title":4233,"path":4234,"stem":4235},"Event Loop — серце Node.js","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnodejs-platform\u002Fevent-loop","18.web-development\u002F05.nodejs-platform\u002F02.event-loop",{"title":4237,"path":4238,"stem":4239},"Модульні системи: CommonJS vs ES Modules","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnodejs-platform\u002Fmodule-systems","18.web-development\u002F05.nodejs-platform\u002F03.module-systems",{"title":4241,"path":4242,"stem":4243},"npm та package.json","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnodejs-platform\u002Fnpm-package-json","18.web-development\u002F05.nodejs-platform\u002F04.npm-package-json",{"title":4245,"path":4246,"stem":4247},"Глобальні об\\","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnodejs-platform\u002Fglobal-objects","18.web-development\u002F05.nodejs-platform\u002F05.global-objects",{"title":4249,"path":4250,"stem":4251},"Вбудований модуль fs (File System)","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnodejs-platform\u002Fbuilt-in-modules-fs","18.web-development\u002F05.nodejs-platform\u002F06.built-in-modules-fs",{"title":4253,"path":4254,"stem":4255},"Вбудований модуль path","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnodejs-platform\u002Fbuilt-in-modules-path","18.web-development\u002F05.nodejs-platform\u002F07.built-in-modules-path",{"title":4257,"path":4258,"stem":4259},"Вбудований модуль http","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnodejs-platform\u002Fbuilt-in-modules-http","18.web-development\u002F05.nodejs-platform\u002F08.built-in-modules-http",{"title":4261,"path":4262,"stem":4263},"Streams — потоки даних у Node.js","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnodejs-platform\u002Fstreams","18.web-development\u002F05.nodejs-platform\u002F09.streams",{"title":4265,"path":4266,"stem":4267},"Вбудований модуль util (Utilities)","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnodejs-platform\u002Fbuilt-in-modules-util","18.web-development\u002F05.nodejs-platform\u002F10.built-in-modules-util",{"title":3157,"path":4269,"stem":4270},"\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnodejs-platform\u002Fenvironment-variables","18.web-development\u002F05.nodejs-platform\u002F11.environment-variables",{"title":4272,"path":4273,"stem":4274},"Інструменти налагодження та розробки","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnodejs-platform\u002Fdebugging-tools","18.web-development\u002F05.nodejs-platform\u002F12.debugging-tools",{"title":4276,"path":4277,"stem":4278},"Продуктивність та Best Practices","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnodejs-platform\u002Fperformance-best-practices","18.web-development\u002F05.nodejs-platform\u002F13.performance-best-practices",{"title":4280,"icon":4281,"path":4282,"stem":4283,"children":4284,"page":59},"Асинхронне програмування у Node.js","i-lucide-clock","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fasync-programming-nodejs","18.web-development\u002F06.async-programming-nodejs",[4285,4289,4293,4297,4301,4305,4309,4313,4317,4321,4325],{"title":4286,"path":4287,"stem":4288},"Синхронний vs асинхронний код","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fasync-programming-nodejs\u002Fsync-vs-async","18.web-development\u002F06.async-programming-nodejs\u002F01.sync-vs-async",{"title":4290,"path":4291,"stem":4292},"Callbacks — перша парадигма асинхронності","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fasync-programming-nodejs\u002Fcallbacks","18.web-development\u002F06.async-programming-nodejs\u002F02.callbacks",{"title":4294,"path":4295,"stem":4296},"Promises — стандарт асинхронності","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fasync-programming-nodejs\u002Fpromises","18.web-development\u002F06.async-programming-nodejs\u002F03.promises",{"title":4298,"path":4299,"stem":4300},"Promise комбінатори","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fasync-programming-nodejs\u002Fpromise-combinators","18.web-development\u002F06.async-programming-nodejs\u002F04.promise-combinators",{"title":4302,"path":4303,"stem":4304},"Async\u002FAwait — синтаксичний цукор над Promises","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fasync-programming-nodejs\u002Fasync-await","18.web-development\u002F06.async-programming-nodejs\u002F05.async-await",{"title":4306,"path":4307,"stem":4308},"Паралельне vs послідовне виконання","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fasync-programming-nodejs\u002Fparallel-vs-sequential","18.web-development\u002F06.async-programming-nodejs\u002F06.parallel-vs-sequential",{"title":4310,"path":4311,"stem":4312},"EventEmitter — подієва модель Node.js","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fasync-programming-nodejs\u002Fevent-emitter","18.web-development\u002F06.async-programming-nodejs\u002F07.event-emitter",{"title":4314,"path":4315,"stem":4316},"Worker Threads — багатопотоковість у Node.js","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fasync-programming-nodejs\u002Fworker-threads","18.web-development\u002F06.async-programming-nodejs\u002F08.worker-threads",{"title":4318,"path":4319,"stem":4320},"Child Processes — запуск зовнішніх процесів","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fasync-programming-nodejs\u002Fchild-processes","18.web-development\u002F06.async-programming-nodejs\u002F09.child-processes",{"title":4322,"path":4323,"stem":4324},"Обробка помилок у асинхронному коді","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fasync-programming-nodejs\u002Ferror-handling","18.web-development\u002F06.async-programming-nodejs\u002F10.error-handling",{"title":4326,"path":4327,"stem":4328},"Порівняння Node.js фреймворків","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fasync-programming-nodejs\u002Fnodejs-frameworks","18.web-development\u002F06.async-programming-nodejs\u002F11.nodejs-frameworks",{"title":4330,"icon":4331,"path":4332,"stem":4333,"children":4334,"page":59},"Тема 7. Фреймворк NestJS. Контролери та маршрутизація","i-lucide-route","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-controllers-routing","18.web-development\u002F07.nestjs-controllers-routing",[4335,4339,4343,4347,4351,4355,4359,4363,4367,4371,4375,4379,4383,4387,4391,4395,4399,4403,4407,4411,4415,4419],{"title":4336,"path":4337,"stem":4338},"Філософія та архітектура NestJS","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-controllers-routing\u002Fnestjs-philosophy","18.web-development\u002F07.nestjs-controllers-routing\u002F01.nestjs-philosophy",{"title":4340,"path":4341,"stem":4342},"Три стовпи архітектури: модулі, контролери, провайдери","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-controllers-routing\u002Fthree-pillars","18.web-development\u002F07.nestjs-controllers-routing\u002F02.three-pillars",{"title":4344,"path":4345,"stem":4346},"Інверсія керування (IoC) та ін","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-controllers-routing\u002Fioc-and-di","18.web-development\u002F07.nestjs-controllers-routing\u002F03.ioc-and-di",{"title":4348,"path":4349,"stem":4350},"Встановлення NestJS CLI та створення проєкту","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-controllers-routing\u002Fnestjs-cli-setup","18.web-development\u002F07.nestjs-controllers-routing\u002F04.nestjs-cli-setup",{"title":4352,"path":4353,"stem":4354},"Структура проєкту NestJS та конвенції","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-controllers-routing\u002Fproject-structure","18.web-development\u002F07.nestjs-controllers-routing\u002F05.project-structure",{"title":4356,"path":4357,"stem":4358},"Контролери: основи маршрутизації","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-controllers-routing\u002Fcontrollers-basics","18.web-development\u002F07.nestjs-controllers-routing\u002F06.controllers-basics",{"title":4360,"path":4361,"stem":4362},"Декоратори маршрутизації HTTP-методів","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-controllers-routing\u002Froute-decorators","18.web-development\u002F07.nestjs-controllers-routing\u002F07.route-decorators",{"title":4364,"path":4365,"stem":4366},"Параметри маршруту та декоратор @Param","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-controllers-routing\u002Froute-parameters","18.web-development\u002F07.nestjs-controllers-routing\u002F08.route-parameters",{"title":4368,"path":4369,"stem":4370},"Query-параметри та декоратор @Query","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-controllers-routing\u002Fquery-parameters","18.web-development\u002F07.nestjs-controllers-routing\u002F09.query-parameters",{"title":4372,"path":4373,"stem":4374},"Тіло запиту та декоратор @Body","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-controllers-routing\u002Frequest-body","18.web-development\u002F07.nestjs-controllers-routing\u002F10.request-body",{"title":4376,"path":4377,"stem":4378},"Робота з заголовками запиту та відповіді","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-controllers-routing\u002Fheaders-decorators","18.web-development\u002F07.nestjs-controllers-routing\u002F11.headers-decorators",{"title":4380,"path":4381,"stem":4382},"Data Transfer Objects (DTO): визначення та призначення","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-controllers-routing\u002Fdto-introduction","18.web-development\u002F07.nestjs-controllers-routing\u002F12.dto-introduction",{"title":4384,"path":4385,"stem":4386},"Об'єкти Request та Response","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-controllers-routing\u002Frequest-response-objects","18.web-development\u002F07.nestjs-controllers-routing\u002F13.request-response-objects",{"title":4388,"path":4389,"stem":4390},"HTTP-статус коди та декоратор @HttpCode","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-controllers-routing\u002Fhttp-status-codes","18.web-development\u002F07.nestjs-controllers-routing\u002F14.http-status-codes",{"title":4392,"path":4393,"stem":4394},"Перенаправлення (Redirects) та декоратор @Redirect","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-controllers-routing\u002Fredirects","18.web-development\u002F07.nestjs-controllers-routing\u002F15.redirects",{"title":4396,"path":4397,"stem":4398},"Асинхронні обробники та Observables","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-controllers-routing\u002Fasync-handlers","18.web-development\u002F07.nestjs-controllers-routing\u002F16.async-handlers",{"title":4400,"path":4401,"stem":4402},"Маршрутизація за піддоменами та версіонування API","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-controllers-routing\u002Fsub-domain-routing","18.web-development\u002F07.nestjs-controllers-routing\u002F17.sub-domain-routing",{"title":4404,"path":4405,"stem":4406},"Області видимості контролерів (Scopes)","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-controllers-routing\u002Fcontroller-scopes","18.web-development\u002F07.nestjs-controllers-routing\u002F18.controller-scopes",{"title":4408,"path":4409,"stem":4410},"Основні команди NestJS CLI","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-controllers-routing\u002Fnestjs-cli-commands","18.web-development\u002F07.nestjs-controllers-routing\u002F19.nestjs-cli-commands",{"title":4412,"path":4413,"stem":4414},"Практичний приклад: створення CRUD-контролера","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-controllers-routing\u002Fcrud-example","18.web-development\u002F07.nestjs-controllers-routing\u002F20.crud-example",{"title":4416,"path":4417,"stem":4418},"Тестування контролерів","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-controllers-routing\u002Ftesting-controllers","18.web-development\u002F07.nestjs-controllers-routing\u002F21.testing-controllers",{"title":4420,"path":4421,"stem":4422},"Best Practices для контролерів та маршрутизації","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-controllers-routing\u002Fbest-practices","18.web-development\u002F07.nestjs-controllers-routing\u002F22.best-practices",{"title":4424,"icon":4425,"path":4426,"stem":4427,"children":4428,"page":59},"Тема 8. Провайдери, сервіси та модульна система NestJS","i-lucide-package","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-providers-modules","18.web-development\u002F08.nestjs-providers-modules",[4429,4433,4437,4441,4445,4449,4453,4457,4461,4465,4469,4473,4477,4481,4485],{"title":4430,"path":4431,"stem":4432},"Концепція провайдерів у NestJS","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-providers-modules\u002Fproviders-concept","18.web-development\u002F08.nestjs-providers-modules\u002F01.providers-concept",{"title":4434,"path":4435,"stem":4436},"Сервіси: інкапсуляція бізнес-логіки","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-providers-modules\u002Fservices-business-logic","18.web-development\u002F08.nestjs-providers-modules\u002F02.services-business-logic",{"title":4438,"path":4439,"stem":4440},"Практика ін","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-providers-modules\u002Fdependency-injection-practice","18.web-development\u002F08.nestjs-providers-modules\u002F03.dependency-injection-practice",{"title":4442,"path":4443,"stem":4444},"Custom Providers: useValue, useClass, useFactory, useExisting","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-providers-modules\u002Fcustom-providers","18.web-development\u002F08.nestjs-providers-modules\u002F04.custom-providers",{"title":4446,"path":4447,"stem":4448},"Injection Tokens: рядкові та символьні токени","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-providers-modules\u002Finjection-tokens","18.web-development\u002F08.nestjs-providers-modules\u002F05.injection-tokens",{"title":4450,"path":4451,"stem":4452},"Опціональні провайдери та декоратор @Optional","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-providers-modules\u002Foptional-providers","18.web-development\u002F08.nestjs-providers-modules\u002F07.optional-providers",{"title":4454,"path":4455,"stem":4456},"Структура модулів: imports, controllers, providers, exports","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-providers-modules\u002Fmodules-structure","18.web-development\u002F08.nestjs-providers-modules\u002F08.modules-structure",{"title":4458,"path":4459,"stem":4460},"Feature Modules: ізоляція функціональності","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-providers-modules\u002Ffeature-modules","18.web-development\u002F08.nestjs-providers-modules\u002F09.feature-modules",{"title":4462,"path":4463,"stem":4464},"Shared Modules: перевикористання провайдерів","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-providers-modules\u002Fshared-modules","18.web-development\u002F08.nestjs-providers-modules\u002F10.shared-modules",{"title":4466,"path":4467,"stem":4468},"Global Modules та декоратор @Global","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-providers-modules\u002Fglobal-modules","18.web-development\u002F08.nestjs-providers-modules\u002F11.global-modules",{"title":4470,"path":4471,"stem":4472},"Dynamic Modules: конфігурація під час виконання","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-providers-modules\u002Fdynamic-modules","18.web-development\u002F08.nestjs-providers-modules\u002F12.dynamic-modules",{"title":4474,"path":4475,"stem":4476},"Циклічні залежності та forwardRef","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-providers-modules\u002Fcircular-dependencies","18.web-development\u002F08.nestjs-providers-modules\u002F13.circular-dependencies",{"title":4478,"path":4479,"stem":4480},"Lifecycle Hooks: хуки життєвого циклу","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-providers-modules\u002Flifecycle-hooks","18.web-development\u002F08.nestjs-providers-modules\u002F14.lifecycle-hooks",{"title":4482,"path":4483,"stem":4484},"ModuleRef: динамічний доступ до провайдерів","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-providers-modules\u002Fmodule-reference","18.web-development\u002F08.nestjs-providers-modules\u002F15.module-reference",{"title":4486,"path":4487,"stem":4488},"Тестування сервісів та провайдерів","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-providers-modules\u002Ftesting-services","18.web-development\u002F08.nestjs-providers-modules\u002F16.testing-services",{"title":4490,"icon":4491,"path":4492,"stem":4493,"children":4494,"page":59},"Тема 9. Валідація даних та конвеєр обробки запитів у NestJS","i-lucide-filter","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-validation-pipeline","18.web-development\u002F09.nestjs-validation-pipeline",[4495,4499,4503,4507,4511,4515,4519,4523,4527,4531,4535,4539,4543,4547,4551,4555,4559,4563,4567],{"title":4496,"path":4497,"stem":4498},"Request Pipeline: конвеєр обробки запитів","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-validation-pipeline\u002Frequest-pipeline","18.web-development\u002F09.nestjs-validation-pipeline\u002F01.request-pipeline",{"title":4500,"path":4501,"stem":4502},"Pipes: концепція трансформації та валідації","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-validation-pipeline\u002Fpipes-concept","18.web-development\u002F09.nestjs-validation-pipeline\u002F02.pipes-concept",{"title":4504,"path":4505,"stem":4506},"Вбудовані pipes: ParseIntPipe, ParseBoolPipe, ParseUUIDPipe","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-validation-pipeline\u002Fbuilt-in-pipes","18.web-development\u002F09.nestjs-validation-pipeline\u002F03.built-in-pipes",{"title":4508,"path":4509,"stem":4510},"ValidationPipe: автоматична валідація DTO","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-validation-pipeline\u002Fvalidation-pipe","18.web-development\u002F09.nestjs-validation-pipeline\u002F04.validation-pipe",{"title":4512,"path":4513,"stem":4514},"Декоратори class-validator для DTO","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-validation-pipeline\u002Fclass-validator-decorators","18.web-development\u002F09.nestjs-validation-pipeline\u002F05.class-validator-decorators",{"title":4516,"path":4517,"stem":4518},"Створення кастомних валідаторів","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-validation-pipeline\u002Fcustom-validators","18.web-development\u002F09.nestjs-validation-pipeline\u002F06.custom-validators",{"title":4520,"path":4521,"stem":4522},"Створення власних Pipes","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-validation-pipeline\u002Fcustom-pipes","18.web-development\u002F09.nestjs-validation-pipeline\u002F07.custom-pipes",{"title":4524,"path":4525,"stem":4526},"Основи Middleware","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-validation-pipeline\u002Fmiddleware-basics","18.web-development\u002F09.nestjs-validation-pipeline\u002F08.middleware-basics",{"title":4528,"path":4529,"stem":4530},"Практичні приклади Middleware","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-validation-pipeline\u002Fmiddleware-examples","18.web-development\u002F09.nestjs-validation-pipeline\u002F09.middleware-examples",{"title":4532,"path":4533,"stem":4534},"Guards: захисні перехоплювачі доступу","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-validation-pipeline\u002Fguards-concept","18.web-development\u002F09.nestjs-validation-pipeline\u002F10.guards-concept",{"title":4536,"path":4537,"stem":4538},"Створення кастомних Guards","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-validation-pipeline\u002Fcustom-guards","18.web-development\u002F09.nestjs-validation-pipeline\u002F11.custom-guards",{"title":4540,"path":4541,"stem":4542},"Interceptors: перехоплення та трансформація відповідей","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-validation-pipeline\u002Finterceptors-concept","18.web-development\u002F09.nestjs-validation-pipeline\u002F12.interceptors-concept",{"title":4544,"path":4545,"stem":4546},"Практичні приклади Interceptors","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-validation-pipeline\u002Finterceptor-examples","18.web-development\u002F09.nestjs-validation-pipeline\u002F13.interceptor-examples",{"title":4548,"path":4549,"stem":4550},"Exception Filters: обробка виключень","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-validation-pipeline\u002Fexception-filters","18.web-development\u002F09.nestjs-validation-pipeline\u002F14.exception-filters",{"title":4552,"path":4553,"stem":4554},"Custom Exception Filters: спеціалізовані фільтри","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-validation-pipeline\u002Fcustom-exception-filters","18.web-development\u002F09.nestjs-validation-pipeline\u002F15.custom-exception-filters",{"title":4556,"path":4557,"stem":4558},"Execution Context: контекст виконання","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-validation-pipeline\u002Fexecution-context","18.web-development\u002F09.nestjs-validation-pipeline\u002F16.execution-context",{"title":4560,"path":4561,"stem":4562},"Custom Decorators: власні декоратори","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-validation-pipeline\u002Fcustom-decorators","18.web-development\u002F09.nestjs-validation-pipeline\u002F17.custom-decorators",{"title":4564,"path":4565,"stem":4566},"Global Components: глобальні компоненти","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-validation-pipeline\u002Fglobal-components","18.web-development\u002F09.nestjs-validation-pipeline\u002F18.global-components",{"title":4568,"path":4569,"stem":4570},"Pipeline Best Practices: найкращі практики","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-validation-pipeline\u002Fpipeline-best-practices","18.web-development\u002F09.nestjs-validation-pipeline\u002F19.pipeline-best-practices",{"title":4572,"icon":2881,"path":4573,"stem":4574,"children":4575,"page":59},"Інтеграція реляційних баз даних засобами TypeORM","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftypeorm-integration","18.web-development\u002F10.typeorm-integration",[4576,4580,4584,4588,4592,4596,4600],{"title":4577,"path":4578,"stem":4579},"Робота з базами даних у Node.js через нативні драйвери","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftypeorm-integration\u002F01-nodejs-database-drivers","18.web-development\u002F10.typeorm-integration\u002F01-nodejs-database-drivers",{"title":4581,"path":4582,"stem":4583},"ORM та знайомство з TypeORM","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftypeorm-integration\u002F02-orm-and-typeorm-intro","18.web-development\u002F10.typeorm-integration\u002F02-orm-and-typeorm-intro",{"title":4585,"path":4586,"stem":4587},"Налаштування TypeORM у NestJS проєкті","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftypeorm-integration\u002F03-typeorm-setup-nestjs","18.web-development\u002F10.typeorm-integration\u002F03-typeorm-setup-nestjs",{"title":4589,"path":4590,"stem":4591},"Entity класи та декоратори TypeORM","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftypeorm-integration\u002F04-entities-and-decorators","18.web-development\u002F10.typeorm-integration\u002F04-entities-and-decorators",{"title":4593,"path":4594,"stem":4595},"Repository Pattern та CRUD операції","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftypeorm-integration\u002F05-repository-pattern-crud","18.web-development\u002F10.typeorm-integration\u002F05-repository-pattern-crud",{"title":4597,"path":4598,"stem":4599},"Пагінація та фільтрація даних","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftypeorm-integration\u002F06-pagination-filtering","18.web-development\u002F10.typeorm-integration\u002F06-pagination-filtering",{"title":4601,"path":4602,"stem":4603},"QueryBuilder для складних запитів","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftypeorm-integration\u002F07-query-builder","18.web-development\u002F10.typeorm-integration\u002F07-query-builder",{"title":4605,"icon":4606,"path":4607,"stem":4608,"children":4609,"page":59},"Зв'язки між сутностями, міграції та оптимізація запитів","i-lucide-git-branch","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fentity-relations-migrations","18.web-development\u002F11.entity-relations-migrations",[4610,4614,4618,4622,4626],{"title":4611,"path":4612,"stem":4613},"Зв'язки One-to-Many та Many-to-One","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fentity-relations-migrations\u002F01-one-to-many-many-to-one","18.web-development\u002F11.entity-relations-migrations\u002F01-one-to-many-many-to-one",{"title":4615,"path":4616,"stem":4617},"Зв'язки One-to-One та Many-to-Many","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fentity-relations-migrations\u002F02-one-to-one-many-to-many","18.web-development\u002F11.entity-relations-migrations\u002F02-one-to-one-many-to-many",{"title":4619,"path":4620,"stem":4621},"Керування міграціями бази даних","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fentity-relations-migrations\u002F03-migrations-management","18.web-development\u002F11.entity-relations-migrations\u002F03-migrations-management",{"title":4623,"path":4624,"stem":4625},"Транзакції у TypeORM","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fentity-relations-migrations\u002F04-transactions","18.web-development\u002F11.entity-relations-migrations\u002F04-transactions",{"title":4627,"path":4628,"stem":4629,"children":4630},"Індекси та оптимізація запитів","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fentity-relations-migrations\u002F05-indexes-optimization","18.web-development\u002F11.entity-relations-migrations\u002F05-indexes-optimization",[4631],{"title":4627,"path":4628,"stem":4629},{"title":4633,"icon":4634,"path":4635,"stem":4636,"children":4637,"page":59},"Механізми автентифікації у вебзастосунках","i-lucide-key","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fauthentication","18.web-development\u002F12.authentication",[4638,4642,4646,4650,4654,4658,4662,4666,4670],{"title":4639,"path":4640,"stem":4641},"Автентифікація vs Авторизація","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fauthentication\u002F01-authentication-vs-authorization","18.web-development\u002F12.authentication\u002F01-authentication-vs-authorization",{"title":4643,"path":4644,"stem":4645},"Стратегії автентифікації","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fauthentication\u002F02-authentication-strategies","18.web-development\u002F12.authentication\u002F02-authentication-strategies",{"title":4647,"path":4648,"stem":4649},"Автентифікація на основі сесій","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fauthentication\u002F03-session-based-authentication","18.web-development\u002F12.authentication\u002F03-session-based-authentication",{"title":4651,"path":4652,"stem":4653},"Структура JSON Web Token (JWT)","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fauthentication\u002F04-jwt-structure","18.web-development\u002F12.authentication\u002F04-jwt-structure",{"title":4655,"path":4656,"stem":4657},"Інтеграція JWT у NestJS","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fauthentication\u002F05-nestjs-jwt-integration","18.web-development\u002F12.authentication\u002F05-nestjs-jwt-integration",{"title":4659,"path":4660,"stem":4661},"Passport.js стратегії у NestJS","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fauthentication\u002F06-passport-strategies","18.web-development\u002F12.authentication\u002F06-passport-strategies",{"title":4663,"path":4664,"stem":4665},"Безпечне зберігання паролів: хешування та криптографічний захист","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fauthentication\u002F07-password-hashing","18.web-development\u002F12.authentication\u002F07-password-hashing",{"title":4667,"path":4668,"stem":4669},"Refresh Token та безпечне оновлення доступу","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fauthentication\u002F08-refresh-tokens","18.web-development\u002F12.authentication\u002F08-refresh-tokens",{"title":4671,"path":4672,"stem":4673},"OAuth 2.0 та OpenID Connect: делегована автентифікація","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fauthentication\u002F09-oauth2-openid","18.web-development\u002F12.authentication\u002F09-oauth2-openid",{"title":4675,"icon":4676,"path":4677,"stem":4678,"children":4679,"page":59},"Авторизація та безпека серверних застосунків","i-lucide-shield","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fauthorization-security","18.web-development\u002F13.authorization-security",[4680,4684,4688,4692,4696,4700,4704,4708,4712,4716],{"title":4681,"path":4682,"stem":4683},"Моделі авторизації","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fauthorization-security\u002F01-authorization-models","18.web-development\u002F13.authorization-security\u002F01-authorization-models",{"title":4685,"path":4686,"stem":4687},"Реалізація RBAC у NestJS","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fauthorization-security\u002F02-rbac-implementation","18.web-development\u002F13.authorization-security\u002F02-rbac-implementation",{"title":4689,"path":4690,"stem":4691},"Permission-Based Access Control","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fauthorization-security\u002F03-permission-based-access","18.web-development\u002F13.authorization-security\u002F03-permission-based-access",{"title":4693,"path":4694,"stem":4695},"ABAC та бібліотека CASL","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fauthorization-security\u002F04-abac-casl","18.web-development\u002F13.authorization-security\u002F04-abac-casl",{"title":4697,"path":4698,"stem":4699},"Кастомні декоратори та метадані","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fauthorization-security\u002F05-custom-decorators-metadata","18.web-development\u002F13.authorization-security\u002F05-custom-decorators-metadata",{"title":4701,"path":4702,"stem":4703},"Конфігурація CORS","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fauthorization-security\u002F06-cors-configuration","18.web-development\u002F13.authorization-security\u002F06-cors-configuration",{"title":4705,"path":4706,"stem":4707},"Захист через HTTP Security Headers (Helmet)","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fauthorization-security\u002F07-helmet-security-headers","18.web-development\u002F13.authorization-security\u002F07-helmet-security-headers",{"title":4709,"path":4710,"stem":4711},"Rate Limiting та Throttling","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fauthorization-security\u002F08-rate-limiting-throttling","18.web-development\u002F13.authorization-security\u002F08-rate-limiting-throttling",{"title":4713,"path":4714,"stem":4715},"Захист від поширених атак","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fauthorization-security\u002F09-common-attacks-protection","18.web-development\u002F13.authorization-security\u002F09-common-attacks-protection",{"title":4717,"path":4718,"stem":4719},"HTTPS у продакшені","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fauthorization-security\u002F10-https-production","18.web-development\u002F13.authorization-security\u002F10-https-production",{"title":4721,"icon":871,"path":4722,"stem":4723,"children":4724,"page":59},"Комунікація у реальному часі, нотифікації та фонові задачі","\u002Fweb-development\u002Frealtime-notifications-jobs","18.web-development\u002F14.realtime-notifications-jobs",[4725,4729,4733,4737,4741,4745,4748,4751,4755,4759],{"title":4726,"path":4727,"stem":4728},"Методи комунікації у реальному часі","\u002Fweb-development\u002Frealtime-notifications-jobs\u002F01-realtime-communication-methods","18.web-development\u002F14.realtime-notifications-jobs\u002F01-realtime-communication-methods",{"title":4730,"path":4731,"stem":4732},"WebSocket Gateway у NestJS","\u002Fweb-development\u002Frealtime-notifications-jobs\u002F02-websocket-gateway","18.web-development\u002F14.realtime-notifications-jobs\u002F02-websocket-gateway",{"title":4734,"path":4735,"stem":4736},"Lifecycle та Rooms у WebSocket","\u002Fweb-development\u002Frealtime-notifications-jobs\u002F03-websocket-lifecycle-rooms","18.web-development\u002F14.realtime-notifications-jobs\u002F03-websocket-lifecycle-rooms",{"title":4738,"path":4739,"stem":4740},"Server-Sent Events (SSE)","\u002Fweb-development\u002Frealtime-notifications-jobs\u002F04-server-sent-events","18.web-development\u002F14.realtime-notifications-jobs\u002F04-server-sent-events",{"title":4742,"path":4743,"stem":4744},"Архітектура системи нотифікацій","\u002Fweb-development\u002Frealtime-notifications-jobs\u002F05-notification-system","18.web-development\u002F14.realtime-notifications-jobs\u002F05-notification-system",{"title":904,"path":4746,"stem":4747},"\u002Fweb-development\u002Frealtime-notifications-jobs\u002F06-email-notifications","18.web-development\u002F14.realtime-notifications-jobs\u002F06-email-notifications",{"title":900,"path":4749,"stem":4750},"\u002Fweb-development\u002Frealtime-notifications-jobs\u002F07-web-push-notifications","18.web-development\u002F14.realtime-notifications-jobs\u002F07-web-push-notifications",{"title":4752,"path":4753,"stem":4754},"Фонові задачі та черги","\u002Fweb-development\u002Frealtime-notifications-jobs\u002F08-background-jobs-queues","18.web-development\u002F14.realtime-notifications-jobs\u002F08-background-jobs-queues",{"title":4756,"path":4757,"stem":4758},"Планувальники та Cron jobs","\u002Fweb-development\u002Frealtime-notifications-jobs\u002F09-schedulers-cron","18.web-development\u002F14.realtime-notifications-jobs\u002F09-schedulers-cron",{"title":4760,"path":4761,"stem":4762},"Практичні сценарії застосування","\u002Fweb-development\u002Frealtime-notifications-jobs\u002F10-practical-scenarios","18.web-development\u002F14.realtime-notifications-jobs\u002F10-practical-scenarios",{"title":4764,"icon":4765,"path":4766,"stem":4767,"children":4768,"page":59},"Тестування, документування та розгортання застосунків","i-lucide-rocket","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftesting-documentation-deployment","18.web-development\u002F15.testing-documentation-deployment",[4769,4773,4777,4781,4785,4789,4793,4797,4801,4805],{"title":4770,"path":4771,"stem":4772},"Піраміда тестування та стратегія","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftesting-documentation-deployment\u002F01-testing-pyramid-strategy","18.web-development\u002F15.testing-documentation-deployment\u002F01-testing-pyramid-strategy",{"title":4774,"path":4775,"stem":4776},"Основи Jest у NestJS","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftesting-documentation-deployment\u002F02-jest-nestjs-basics","18.web-development\u002F15.testing-documentation-deployment\u002F02-jest-nestjs-basics",{"title":4778,"path":4779,"stem":4780},"Unit-тестування сервісів","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftesting-documentation-deployment\u002F03-unit-testing-services","18.web-development\u002F15.testing-documentation-deployment\u002F03-unit-testing-services",{"title":4782,"path":4783,"stem":4784},"E2E тестування та покриття коду","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftesting-documentation-deployment\u002F04-e2e-testing-coverage","18.web-development\u002F15.testing-documentation-deployment\u002F04-e2e-testing-coverage",{"title":4786,"path":4787,"stem":4788},"Swagger, OpenAPI, Scalar та Arazzo","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftesting-documentation-deployment\u002F05-swagger-openapi","18.web-development\u002F15.testing-documentation-deployment\u002F05-swagger-openapi",{"title":4790,"path":4791,"stem":4792},"Керування конфігурацією","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftesting-documentation-deployment\u002F06-configuration-management","18.web-development\u002F15.testing-documentation-deployment\u002F06-configuration-management",{"title":4794,"path":4795,"stem":4796},"Docker та контейнеризація","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftesting-documentation-deployment\u002F07-docker-containerization","18.web-development\u002F15.testing-documentation-deployment\u002F07-docker-containerization",{"title":4798,"path":4799,"stem":4800},"CI\u002FCD Pipelines","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftesting-documentation-deployment\u002F08-cicd-pipelines","18.web-development\u002F15.testing-documentation-deployment\u002F08-cicd-pipelines",{"title":4802,"path":4803,"stem":4804},"Логування та моніторинг","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftesting-documentation-deployment\u002F09-logging-monitoring","18.web-development\u002F15.testing-documentation-deployment\u002F09-logging-monitoring",{"title":4806,"path":4807,"stem":4808},"Серіалізація та компресія","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftesting-documentation-deployment\u002F10-serialization-compression","18.web-development\u002F15.testing-documentation-deployment\u002F10-serialization-compression",{"title":4810,"icon":4811,"path":4812,"stem":4813,"children":4814,"page":59},"AI Core: мислення AI","i-lucide-brain","\u002Fai-core","19.ai-core",[4815,4856,4905,4943],{"title":4816,"icon":4765,"path":4817,"stem":4818,"children":4819,"page":59},"Вхід у професію AI Native Developer","\u002Fai-core\u002Fai-native-developer","19.ai-core\u002F01.ai-native-developer",[4820,4824,4828,4832,4836,4840,4844,4848,4852],{"title":4821,"path":4822,"stem":4823},"Вступ до професії розробника цифрових продуктів","\u002Fai-core\u002Fai-native-developer\u002Fdigital-products","19.ai-core\u002F01.ai-native-developer\u002F01.digital-products",{"title":4825,"path":4826,"stem":4827},"Професія розробника програмного забезпечення","\u002Fai-core\u002Fai-native-developer\u002Fsoftware-developer","19.ai-core\u002F01.ai-native-developer\u002F02.software-developer",{"title":4829,"path":4830,"stem":4831},"Професія AI Native Developer","\u002Fai-core\u002Fai-native-developer\u002Fai-native-developer","19.ai-core\u002F01.ai-native-developer\u002F03.ai-native-developer",{"title":4833,"path":4834,"stem":4835},"Вплив AI на розробку програмного забезпечення","\u002Fai-core\u002Fai-native-developer\u002Fai-impact-on-development","19.ai-core\u002F01.ai-native-developer\u002F04.ai-impact-on-development",{"title":4837,"path":4838,"stem":4839},"Життєвий цикл цифрового продукту","\u002Fai-core\u002Fai-native-developer\u002Fproduct-lifecycle","19.ai-core\u002F01.ai-native-developer\u002F05.product-lifecycle",{"title":4841,"path":4842,"stem":4843},"Застосування AI на етапах створення цифрового продукту","\u002Fai-core\u002Fai-native-developer\u002Fai-in-product-creation","19.ai-core\u002F01.ai-native-developer\u002F06.ai-in-product-creation",{"title":4845,"path":4846,"stem":4847},"Розподіл завдань між людиною та AI","\u002Fai-core\u002Fai-native-developer\u002Fhuman-vs-ai-tasks","19.ai-core\u002F01.ai-native-developer\u002F07.human-vs-ai-tasks",{"title":4849,"path":4850,"stem":4851},"Компетенції AI Native Developer","\u002Fai-core\u002Fai-native-developer\u002Fcompetencies","19.ai-core\u002F01.ai-native-developer\u002F08.competencies",{"title":4853,"path":4854,"stem":4855},"Карта професійного розвитку AI Native Developer","\u002Fai-core\u002Fai-native-developer\u002Fcareer-roadmap","19.ai-core\u002F01.ai-native-developer\u002F09.career-roadmap",{"title":4857,"icon":255,"path":4858,"stem":4859,"children":4860,"page":59},"Штучний інтелект і машинне навчання","\u002Fai-core\u002Fai-and-machine-learning","19.ai-core\u002F02.ai-and-machine-learning",[4861,4865,4869,4873,4877,4881,4885,4889,4893,4897,4901],{"title":4862,"path":4863,"stem":4864},"Штучний інтелект","\u002Fai-core\u002Fai-and-machine-learning\u002Fwhat-is-ai","19.ai-core\u002F02.ai-and-machine-learning\u002F01.what-is-ai",{"title":4866,"path":4867,"stem":4868},"Відмінність AI від інших програмних систем","\u002Fai-core\u002Fai-and-machine-learning\u002Fai-vs-automation","19.ai-core\u002F02.ai-and-machine-learning\u002F02.ai-vs-automation",{"title":4870,"path":4871,"stem":4872},"Завдання штучного інтелекту","\u002Fai-core\u002Fai-and-machine-learning\u002Fai-tasks","19.ai-core\u002F02.ai-and-machine-learning\u002F03.ai-tasks",{"title":4874,"path":4875,"stem":4876},"Machine Learning","\u002Fai-core\u002Fai-and-machine-learning\u002Fmachine-learning","19.ai-core\u002F02.ai-and-machine-learning\u002F04.machine-learning",{"title":4878,"path":4879,"stem":4880},"Machine Learning Workflow","\u002Fai-core\u002Fai-and-machine-learning\u002Fml-workflow","19.ai-core\u002F02.ai-and-machine-learning\u002F05.ml-workflow",{"title":4882,"path":4883,"stem":4884},"Типи машинного навчання","\u002Fai-core\u002Fai-and-machine-learning\u002Fml-types","19.ai-core\u002F02.ai-and-machine-learning\u002F06.ml-types",{"title":4886,"path":4887,"stem":4888},"Generative AI","\u002Fai-core\u002Fai-and-machine-learning\u002Fgenerative-ai","19.ai-core\u002F02.ai-and-machine-learning\u002F07.generative-ai",{"title":4890,"path":4891,"stem":4892},"Типи контенту, створюваного AI","\u002Fai-core\u002Fai-and-machine-learning\u002Fai-content-types","19.ai-core\u002F02.ai-and-machine-learning\u002F08.ai-content-types",{"title":4894,"path":4895,"stem":4896},"Великі мовні моделі","\u002Fai-core\u002Fai-and-machine-learning\u002Flarge-language-models","19.ai-core\u002F02.ai-and-machine-learning\u002F09.large-language-models",{"title":4898,"path":4899,"stem":4900},"Можливості та обмеження Generative AI","\u002Fai-core\u002Fai-and-machine-learning\u002Fcapabilities-and-limitations","19.ai-core\u002F02.ai-and-machine-learning\u002F10.capabilities-and-limitations",{"title":4902,"path":4903,"stem":4904},"Сучасні AI-асистенти","\u002Fai-core\u002Fai-and-machine-learning\u002Fmodern-ai-assistants","19.ai-core\u002F02.ai-and-machine-learning\u002F11.modern-ai-assistants",{"title":4906,"icon":4907,"path":4908,"stem":4909,"children":4910,"page":59},"Постановка завдань для AI: принципи створення промптів","i-lucide-message-square-text","\u002Fai-core\u002Fprompt-engineering","19.ai-core\u002F03.prompt-engineering",[4911,4915,4919,4923,4927,4931,4935,4939],{"title":4912,"path":4913,"stem":4914},"Промпт як інструмент","\u002Fai-core\u002Fprompt-engineering\u002Fprompt-as-tool","19.ai-core\u002F03.prompt-engineering\u002F01.prompt-as-tool",{"title":4916,"path":4917,"stem":4918},"Принципи створення промптів","\u002Fai-core\u002Fprompt-engineering\u002Fprompt-principles","19.ai-core\u002F03.prompt-engineering\u002F02.prompt-principles",{"title":4920,"path":4921,"stem":4922},"Структура промпта","\u002Fai-core\u002Fprompt-engineering\u002Fprompt-structure","19.ai-core\u002F03.prompt-engineering\u002F03.prompt-structure",{"title":4924,"path":4925,"stem":4926},"Види промптів за типом задачі","\u002Fai-core\u002Fprompt-engineering\u002Fprompt-types","19.ai-core\u002F03.prompt-engineering\u002F04.prompt-types",{"title":4928,"path":4929,"stem":4930},"Прийоми посилення промпта","\u002Fai-core\u002Fprompt-engineering\u002Fprompt-enhancement","19.ai-core\u002F03.prompt-engineering\u002F05.prompt-enhancement",{"title":4932,"path":4933,"stem":4934},"Розбір і покращення промпта","\u002Fai-core\u002Fprompt-engineering\u002Fprompt-analysis","19.ai-core\u002F03.prompt-engineering\u002F06.prompt-analysis",{"title":4936,"path":4937,"stem":4938},"Типові помилки під час створення промптів","\u002Fai-core\u002Fprompt-engineering\u002Fcommon-mistakes","19.ai-core\u002F03.prompt-engineering\u002F07.common-mistakes",{"title":4940,"path":4941,"stem":4942},"Практикум: особиста бібліотека промптів","\u002Fai-core\u002Fprompt-engineering\u002Fprompt-library","19.ai-core\u002F03.prompt-engineering\u002F08.prompt-library",{"title":4944,"icon":793,"path":4945,"stem":4946,"children":4947,"page":59},"Перевірка результатів, безпека та AI Native Workflow","\u002Fai-core\u002Fverification-security-workflow","19.ai-core\u002F04.verification-security-workflow",[4948,4952,4956,4960,4964,4968,4972,4976,4980],{"title":4949,"path":4950,"stem":4951},"Межі можливостей AI","\u002Fai-core\u002Fverification-security-workflow\u002Fai-limitations","19.ai-core\u002F04.verification-security-workflow\u002F01.ai-limitations",{"title":4953,"path":4954,"stem":4955},"Галюцинації AI","\u002Fai-core\u002Fverification-security-workflow\u002Fai-hallucinations","19.ai-core\u002F04.verification-security-workflow\u002F02.ai-hallucinations",{"title":4957,"path":4958,"stem":4959},"Критичне мислення під час роботи з AI","\u002Fai-core\u002Fverification-security-workflow\u002Fcritical-thinking","19.ai-core\u002F04.verification-security-workflow\u002F03.critical-thinking",{"title":4961,"path":4962,"stem":4963},"Перевірка результатів роботи AI","\u002Fai-core\u002Fverification-security-workflow\u002Fresult-verification","19.ai-core\u002F04.verification-security-workflow\u002F04.result-verification",{"title":4965,"path":4966,"stem":4967},"Захист даних під час роботи з AI","\u002Fai-core\u002Fverification-security-workflow\u002Fdata-protection","19.ai-core\u002F04.verification-security-workflow\u002F05.data-protection",{"title":4969,"path":4970,"stem":4971},"Авторське право та навчальна доброчесність","\u002Fai-core\u002Fverification-security-workflow\u002Fcopyright-integrity","19.ai-core\u002F04.verification-security-workflow\u002F06.copyright-integrity",{"title":4973,"path":4974,"stem":4975},"Відповідальне використання AI","\u002Fai-core\u002Fverification-security-workflow\u002Fresponsible-use","19.ai-core\u002F04.verification-security-workflow\u002F07.responsible-use",{"title":4977,"path":4978,"stem":4979},"AI Native Workflow","\u002Fai-core\u002Fverification-security-workflow\u002Fai-native-workflow","19.ai-core\u002F04.verification-security-workflow\u002F08.ai-native-workflow",{"title":4981,"path":4982,"stem":4983},"Застосування AI Native Workflow під час створення цифрового продукту","\u002Fai-core\u002Fverification-security-workflow\u002Fworkflow-in-practice","19.ai-core\u002F04.verification-security-workflow\u002F09.workflow-in-practice",{"title":4985,"icon":4986,"path":4987,"stem":4988,"children":4989,"page":59},"AI Developer: Vibe Coding Sprint","i-lucide-code-xml","\u002Fai-developer","20.ai-developer",[4990,5016,5038,5059],{"title":4991,"icon":4992,"path":4993,"stem":4994,"children":4995,"page":59},"Проєктування і чорнова версія","i-lucide-pencil-ruler","\u002Fai-developer\u002Fdraft-creation","20.ai-developer\u002F01.draft-creation",[4996,5000,5004,5008,5012],{"title":4997,"path":4998,"stem":4999},"Парадигма Vibe Coding Workflow","\u002Fai-developer\u002Fdraft-creation\u002Fvibe-coding-workflow","20.ai-developer\u002F01.draft-creation\u002F01.vibe-coding-workflow",{"title":5001,"path":5002,"stem":5003},"AI-середовище швидкої розробки","\u002Fai-developer\u002Fdraft-creation\u002Fai-ide-environment","20.ai-developer\u002F01.draft-creation\u002F02.ai-ide-environment",{"title":5005,"path":5006,"stem":5007},"Користувацьке завдання та межі першої версії","\u002Fai-developer\u002Fdraft-creation\u002Fproduct-scope-and-mvp","20.ai-developer\u002F01.draft-creation\u002F03.product-scope-and-mvp",{"title":5009,"path":5010,"stem":5011},"Архітектура інтерфейсу та стани застосунку","\u002Fai-developer\u002Fdraft-creation\u002Fapplication-architecture-and-states","20.ai-developer\u002F01.draft-creation\u002F04.application-architecture-and-states",{"title":5013,"path":5014,"stem":5015},"Генерація та фіксація чорнової версії","\u002Fai-developer\u002Fdraft-creation\u002Fgenerating-draft-version","20.ai-developer\u002F01.draft-creation\u002F05.generating-draft-version",{"title":5017,"icon":5018,"path":5019,"stem":5020,"children":5021,"page":59},"Перша робоча версія","i-lucide-play-circle","\u002Fai-developer\u002Ffirst-working-version","20.ai-developer\u002F02.first-working-version",[5022,5026,5030,5034],{"title":5023,"path":5024,"stem":5025},"Уточнення контексту проєкту для AI","\u002Fai-developer\u002Ffirst-working-version\u002Frefining-project-context","20.ai-developer\u002F02.first-working-version\u002F01.refining-project-context",{"title":5027,"path":5028,"stem":5029},"Стратегія завдань для AI-розробки","\u002Fai-developer\u002Ffirst-working-version\u002Fai-prompting-strategy","20.ai-developer\u002F02.first-working-version\u002F02.ai-prompting-strategy",{"title":5031,"path":5032,"stem":5033},"Доопрацювання до першої робочої версії","\u002Fai-developer\u002Ffirst-working-version\u002Frefining-to-working-version","20.ai-developer\u002F02.first-working-version\u002F03.refining-to-working-version",{"title":5035,"path":5036,"stem":5037},"Перевірка першої робочої версії","\u002Fai-developer\u002Ffirst-working-version\u002Ftesting-first-working-version","20.ai-developer\u002F02.first-working-version\u002F04.testing-first-working-version",{"title":5039,"icon":3088,"path":5040,"stem":5041,"children":5042,"page":59},"Ітерації, дебагінг та відновлення","\u002Fai-developer\u002Fiteration-debugging-recovery","20.ai-developer\u002F03.iteration-debugging-recovery",[5043,5047,5051,5055],{"title":5044,"path":5045,"stem":5046},"Управління точковими змінами продукту","\u002Fai-developer\u002Fiteration-debugging-recovery\u002Fchange-management","20.ai-developer\u002F03.iteration-debugging-recovery\u002F01.change-management",{"title":5048,"path":5049,"stem":5050},"Надійність інтерфейсу та обробка помилок","\u002Fai-developer\u002Fiteration-debugging-recovery\u002Fscenario-reliability-and-errors","20.ai-developer\u002F03.iteration-debugging-recovery\u002F02.scenario-reliability-and-errors",{"title":5052,"path":5053,"stem":5054},"Керування контекстом і збереження версій","\u002Fai-developer\u002Fiteration-debugging-recovery\u002Fproject-context-and-versions","20.ai-developer\u002F03.iteration-debugging-recovery\u002F03.project-context-and-versions",{"title":5056,"path":5057,"stem":5058},"Збої AI-розробки, ліміти та аварійне відновлення","\u002Fai-developer\u002Fiteration-debugging-recovery\u002Fai-breakdowns-and-recovery","20.ai-developer\u002F03.iteration-debugging-recovery\u002F04.ai-breakdowns-and-recovery",{"title":5060,"icon":5061,"path":5062,"stem":5063,"children":5064,"page":59},"Перевірка та завершення продукту","i-lucide-check-check","\u002Fai-developer\u002Fverification-and-completion","20.ai-developer\u002F04.verification-and-completion",[5065,5069,5073],{"title":5066,"path":5067,"stem":5068},"Комплексний аудит та підсумкове тестування","\u002Fai-developer\u002Fverification-and-completion\u002Ffinal-product-testing","20.ai-developer\u002F04.verification-and-completion\u002F01.final-product-testing",{"title":5070,"path":5071,"stem":5072},"Підготовка підсумкової версії коду","\u002Fai-developer\u002Fverification-and-completion\u002Fpreparing-release-version","20.ai-developer\u002F04.verification-and-completion\u002F02.preparing-release-version",{"title":5074,"path":5075,"stem":5076},"Демонстрація, публікація та критерії оцінювання","\u002Fai-developer\u002Fverification-and-completion\u002Fproduct-showcase-and-publishing","20.ai-developer\u002F04.verification-and-completion\u002F03.product-showcase-and-publishing",{"title":5078,"path":5079,"stem":5080,"children":5081,"page":59},"Tailwind","\u002Ftailwind","21.tailwind",[5082,5086,5090,5094,5098,5102,5106,5110,5114,5118,5122,5126],{"title":5083,"path":5084,"stem":5085},"Що таке Tailwind CSS і навіщо він потрібен","\u002Ftailwind\u002Ftailwind-intro-philosophy","21.tailwind\u002F01.tailwind-intro-philosophy",{"title":5087,"path":5088,"stem":5089},"Встановлення та налаштування Tailwind CSS v4","\u002Ftailwind\u002Ftailwind-installation-setup","21.tailwind\u002F02.tailwind-installation-setup",{"title":5091,"path":5092,"stem":5093},"Utility-класи: основи та система Tailwind","\u002Ftailwind\u002Ftailwind-utility-classes-core","21.tailwind\u002F03.tailwind-utility-classes-core",{"title":5095,"path":5096,"stem":5097},"Layout: Flexbox та Grid через Tailwind","\u002Ftailwind\u002Ftailwind-flexbox-grid","21.tailwind\u002F04.tailwind-flexbox-grid",{"title":5099,"path":5100,"stem":5101},"Кастомізація теми через @theme у Tailwind v4","\u002Ftailwind\u002Ftailwind-theme-customization","21.tailwind\u002F05.tailwind-theme-customization",{"title":5103,"path":5104,"stem":5105},"Варіанти: hover, focus, responsive, dark mode та нові v4","\u002Ftailwind\u002Ftailwind-variants-states","21.tailwind\u002F06.tailwind-variants-states",{"title":5107,"path":5108,"stem":5109},"Типографіка та система кольорів у Tailwind v4","\u002Ftailwind\u002Ftailwind-typography-colors","21.tailwind\u002F07.tailwind-typography-colors",{"title":5111,"path":5112,"stem":5113},"Компоненти та повторюваність: @apply, @utility та патерни","\u002Ftailwind\u002Ftailwind-components-patterns","21.tailwind\u002F08.tailwind-components-patterns",{"title":5115,"path":5116,"stem":5117},"Темна тема та система дизайн-токенів у Tailwind v4","\u002Ftailwind\u002Ftailwind-dark-mode-theming","21.tailwind\u002F09.tailwind-dark-mode-theming",{"title":5119,"path":5120,"stem":5121},"Довільні значення та контейнерні запити у Tailwind v4","\u002Ftailwind\u002Ftailwind-arbitrary-container-queries","21.tailwind\u002F10.tailwind-arbitrary-container-queries",{"title":5123,"path":5124,"stem":5125},"Анімації, трансформації та 3D у Tailwind v4","\u002Ftailwind\u002Ftailwind-animations-transforms","21.tailwind\u002F11.tailwind-animations-transforms",{"title":5127,"path":5128,"stem":5129},"Tailwind CLI, PostCSS та інтеграція з фреймворками","\u002Ftailwind\u002Ftailwind-cli-tooling","21.tailwind\u002F12.tailwind-cli-tooling",{"title":5131,"path":5132,"stem":5133,"children":5134,"page":59},"React Typescript","\u002Freact-typescript","22.react-typescript",[5135,5160,5164,5168,5172,5176,5180,5184,5188,5192,5222,5226,5230,5234,5238],{"title":5136,"path":5137,"stem":5138,"children":5139,"page":59},"From Html To Project","\u002Freact-typescript\u002Ffrom-html-to-project","22.react-typescript\u002F01.from-html-to-project",[5140,5144,5148,5152,5156],{"title":5141,"path":5142,"stem":5143},"Від одного HTML-файлу до повноцінного проєкту","\u002Freact-typescript\u002Ffrom-html-to-project\u002Fevolution","22.react-typescript\u002F01.from-html-to-project\u002F01.evolution",{"title":5145,"path":5146,"stem":5147},"Що таке React","\u002Freact-typescript\u002Ffrom-html-to-project\u002Fwhat-is-react","22.react-typescript\u002F01.from-html-to-project\u002F02.what-is-react",{"title":5149,"path":5150,"stem":5151},"JSX та TSX — синтаксичний цукор, а не магія","\u002Freact-typescript\u002Ffrom-html-to-project\u002Fjsx-tsx-syntax","22.react-typescript\u002F01.from-html-to-project\u002F03.jsx-tsx-syntax",{"title":5153,"path":5154,"stem":5155},"Компоненти — будівельні блоки інтерфейсу","\u002Freact-typescript\u002Ffrom-html-to-project\u002Fcomponents","22.react-typescript\u002F01.from-html-to-project\u002F04.components",{"title":5157,"path":5158,"stem":5159},"JSX — розмітка всередині TypeScript","\u002Freact-typescript\u002Ffrom-html-to-project\u002Fjsx-expressions","22.react-typescript\u002F01.from-html-to-project\u002F05.jsx-expressions",{"title":5161,"path":5162,"stem":5163},"Хук useReducer: структуроване управління складним станом","\u002Freact-typescript\u002Fuse-reducer","22.react-typescript\u002F23.use-reducer",{"title":5165,"path":5166,"stem":5167},"Context API: передавання даних без «пропс-дрілінгу»","\u002Freact-typescript\u002Fcontext-api","22.react-typescript\u002F24.context-api",{"title":5169,"path":5170,"stem":5171},"Синхронізація з ефектами: хук useEffect та функції очищення","\u002Freact-typescript\u002Fuse-effect","22.react-typescript\u002F27.use-effect",{"title":5173,"path":5174,"stem":5175},"Можливо, вам не потрібен ефект: антипатерни та альтернативи","\u002Freact-typescript\u002Fyou-might-not-need-effect","22.react-typescript\u002F28.you-might-not-need-effect",{"title":5177,"path":5178,"stem":5179},"Життєвий цикл реактивних ефектів: мислення процесами синхронізації","\u002Freact-typescript\u002Flifecycle-of-reactive-effects","22.react-typescript\u002F29.lifecycle-of-reactive-effects",{"title":5181,"path":5182,"stem":5183},"Розділення подій та ефектів: реактивна проти нереактивної логіки","\u002Freact-typescript\u002Fseparating-events-from-effects","22.react-typescript\u002F30.separating-events-from-effects",{"title":5185,"path":5186,"stem":5187},"Видалення зайвих залежностей ефектів та оптимізація синхронізації","\u002Freact-typescript\u002Fremoving-effect-dependencies","22.react-typescript\u002F31.removing-effect-dependencies",{"title":5189,"path":5190,"stem":5191},"Кастомні хуки: повторне використання та композиція реактивної логіки","\u002Freact-typescript\u002Fcustom-hooks","22.react-typescript\u002F32.custom-hooks",{"title":5193,"path":5194,"stem":5195,"children":5196},"React Router v7: Маршрутизація в SPA","\u002Freact-typescript\u002Freact-router-v7","22.react-typescript\u002F33.react-router-v7\u002Findex",[5197,5198,5202,5206,5210,5214,5218],{"title":5193,"path":5194,"stem":5195},{"title":5199,"path":5200,"stem":5201},"Встановлення та базова конфігурація React Router v7","\u002Freact-typescript\u002Freact-router-v7\u002Finstallation-setup","22.react-typescript\u002F33.react-router-v7\u002F01.installation-setup",{"title":5203,"path":5204,"stem":5205},"Вкладені маршрути та Outlet: архітектура складних макетів","\u002Freact-typescript\u002Freact-router-v7\u002Fnested-routes-outlet","22.react-typescript\u002F33.react-router-v7\u002F02.nested-routes-outlet",{"title":5207,"path":5208,"stem":5209},"Динамічні маршрути та параметри URL","\u002Freact-typescript\u002Freact-router-v7\u002Fdynamic-routes-params","22.react-typescript\u002F33.react-router-v7\u002F03.dynamic-routes-params",{"title":5211,"path":5212,"stem":5213},"Навігація та корисні хуки React Router","\u002Freact-typescript\u002Freact-router-v7\u002Fnavigation-hooks","22.react-typescript\u002F33.react-router-v7\u002F04.navigation-hooks",{"title":5215,"path":5216,"stem":5217},"Обробка помилок та 404: ErrorBoundary і fallback-маршрути","\u002Freact-typescript\u002Freact-router-v7\u002Ferror-handling-404","22.react-typescript\u002F33.react-router-v7\u002F05.error-handling-404",{"title":5219,"path":5220,"stem":5221},"Data Router API: альтернативний синтаксис через createBrowserRouter","\u002Freact-typescript\u002Freact-router-v7\u002Fdata-router-api-examples","22.react-typescript\u002F33.react-router-v7\u002F06.data-router-api-examples",{"title":5223,"path":5224,"stem":5225},"Axios: HTTP-клієнт із розширеними можливостями","\u002Freact-typescript\u002Faxios","22.react-typescript\u002F34.axios",{"title":5227,"path":5228,"stem":5229},"Redux: класичний підхід до глобального стану","\u002Freact-typescript\u002Fredux-classic","22.react-typescript\u002F35.redux-classic",{"title":5231,"path":5232,"stem":5233},"Redux Toolkit: сучасний стандарт Redux","\u002Freact-typescript\u002Fredux-toolkit","22.react-typescript\u002F36.redux-toolkit",{"title":5235,"path":5236,"stem":5237},"RTK Query: запити до сервера без болю","\u002Freact-typescript\u002Frtk-query-tanstack-query","22.react-typescript\u002F38.rtk-query-tanstack-query",{"title":5239,"path":5240,"stem":5241},"React Hook Form + Zod: типобезпечна валідація форм","\u002Freact-typescript\u002Freact-hook-form-zod","22.react-typescript\u002F39.react-hook-form-zod",{"title":5243,"path":5244,"stem":5245},"Тестування компонентів діаграм та пісочниць","\u002Ftest-components","98.test-components",{"id":5247,"title":2021,"body":5248,"description":11463,"extension":11464,"links":11465,"meta":11466,"navigation":5289,"path":2022,"seo":11467,"stem":2023,"__hash__":11468},"docs\u002F02.cpp\u002F77.virtual-table-binding.md",{"type":5249,"value":5250,"toc":11429},"minimark",[5251,5256,5260,5507,5520,5529,5532,5563,5651,5655,5660,5677,5680,5683,5764,5782,5786,5807,5816,6065,6080,6102,6105,6284,6288,6291,6691,6703,6713,7122,7132,7147,7150,7165,7169,7173,7184,7187,7426,7433,7599,7606,7653,7675,7679,7690,7701,7915,7928,11087,11105,11129,11149,11151,11155,11158,11189,11194,11211,11218,11425],[5252,5253,5255],"h2",{"id":5254},"загадка-восьми-зайвих-байтів","Загадка восьми зайвих байтів",[5257,5258,5259],"p",{},"Розглянемо два схожі класи — один без віртуальних методів, інший з єдиним віртуальним методом:",[5261,5262,5268],"pre",{"className":5263,"code":5264,"filename":5265,"language":5266,"meta":5267,"style":5267},"language-cpp shiki shiki-themes light-plus dark-plus dark-plus","#include \u003Ciostream>\n\nclass EmptyNonPolymorphic\n{\n    \u002F\u002F Клас без віртуальних методів\n};\n\nclass EmptyPolymorphic\n{\npublic:\n    virtual void doNothing() {}  \u002F\u002F Один віртуальний метод\n};\n\nint main()\n{\n    std::cout \u003C\u003C \"sizeof(EmptyNonPolymorphic) = \" \n              \u003C\u003C sizeof(EmptyNonPolymorphic) \u003C\u003C \" байт\\n\";\n    std::cout \u003C\u003C \"sizeof(EmptyPolymorphic) = \" \n              \u003C\u003C sizeof(EmptyPolymorphic) \u003C\u003C \" байт\\n\";\n    \n    return 0;\n}\n","MysteriousBytes.cpp","cpp","",[5269,5270,5271,5284,5291,5302,5309,5316,5322,5327,5335,5340,5346,5365,5370,5375,5387,5392,5414,5445,5461,5483,5489,5501],"code",{"__ignoreMap":5267},[5272,5273,5276,5280],"span",{"class":5274,"line":5275},"line",1,[5272,5277,5279],{"class":5278},"s8xlr","#include",[5272,5281,5283],{"class":5282},"sbdoH"," \u003Ciostream>\n",[5272,5285,5287],{"class":5274,"line":5286},2,[5272,5288,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},true,"\n",[5272,5292,5294,5298],{"class":5274,"line":5293},3,[5272,5295,5297],{"class":5296},"su1O8","class",[5272,5299,5301],{"class":5300},"sN1BT"," EmptyNonPolymorphic\n",[5272,5303,5305],{"class":5274,"line":5304},4,[5272,5306,5308],{"class":5307},"sHH4Y","{\n",[5272,5310,5312],{"class":5274,"line":5311},5,[5272,5313,5315],{"class":5314},"spJ8K","    \u002F\u002F Клас без віртуальних методів\n",[5272,5317,5319],{"class":5274,"line":5318},6,[5272,5320,5321],{"class":5307},"};\n",[5272,5323,5325],{"class":5274,"line":5324},7,[5272,5326,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,5328,5330,5332],{"class":5274,"line":5329},8,[5272,5331,5297],{"class":5296},[5272,5333,5334],{"class":5300}," EmptyPolymorphic\n",[5272,5336,5338],{"class":5274,"line":5337},9,[5272,5339,5308],{"class":5307},[5272,5341,5343],{"class":5274,"line":5342},10,[5272,5344,5345],{"class":5296},"public:\n",[5272,5347,5349,5352,5355,5359,5362],{"class":5274,"line":5348},11,[5272,5350,5351],{"class":5296},"    virtual",[5272,5353,5354],{"class":5296}," void",[5272,5356,5358],{"class":5357},"s8Opu"," doNothing",[5272,5360,5361],{"class":5307},"() {}",[5272,5363,5364],{"class":5314},"  \u002F\u002F Один віртуальний метод\n",[5272,5366,5368],{"class":5274,"line":5367},12,[5272,5369,5321],{"class":5307},[5272,5371,5373],{"class":5274,"line":5372},13,[5272,5374,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,5376,5378,5381,5384],{"class":5274,"line":5377},14,[5272,5379,5380],{"class":5296},"int",[5272,5382,5383],{"class":5357}," main",[5272,5385,5386],{"class":5307},"()\n",[5272,5388,5390],{"class":5274,"line":5389},15,[5272,5391,5308],{"class":5307},[5272,5393,5395,5398,5401,5405,5408,5411],{"class":5274,"line":5394},16,[5272,5396,5397],{"class":5300},"    std",[5272,5399,5400],{"class":5307},"::",[5272,5402,5404],{"class":5403},"siwwj","cout",[5272,5406,5407],{"class":5307}," \u003C\u003C ",[5272,5409,5410],{"class":5282},"\"sizeof(EmptyNonPolymorphic) = \"",[5272,5412,5413],{"class":5307}," \n",[5272,5415,5417,5420,5423,5426,5429,5432,5435,5439,5442],{"class":5274,"line":5416},17,[5272,5418,5419],{"class":5307},"              \u003C\u003C ",[5272,5421,5422],{"class":5296},"sizeof",[5272,5424,5425],{"class":5307},"(",[5272,5427,5428],{"class":5403},"EmptyNonPolymorphic",[5272,5430,5431],{"class":5307},") \u003C\u003C ",[5272,5433,5434],{"class":5282},"\" байт",[5272,5436,5438],{"class":5437},"sjcCO","\\n",[5272,5440,5441],{"class":5282},"\"",[5272,5443,5444],{"class":5307},";\n",[5272,5446,5448,5450,5452,5454,5456,5459],{"class":5274,"line":5447},18,[5272,5449,5397],{"class":5300},[5272,5451,5400],{"class":5307},[5272,5453,5404],{"class":5403},[5272,5455,5407],{"class":5307},[5272,5457,5458],{"class":5282},"\"sizeof(EmptyPolymorphic) = \"",[5272,5460,5413],{"class":5307},[5272,5462,5464,5466,5468,5470,5473,5475,5477,5479,5481],{"class":5274,"line":5463},19,[5272,5465,5419],{"class":5307},[5272,5467,5422],{"class":5296},[5272,5469,5425],{"class":5307},[5272,5471,5472],{"class":5403},"EmptyPolymorphic",[5272,5474,5431],{"class":5307},[5272,5476,5434],{"class":5282},[5272,5478,5438],{"class":5437},[5272,5480,5441],{"class":5282},[5272,5482,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,5484,5486],{"class":5274,"line":5485},20,[5272,5487,5488],{"class":5307},"    \n",[5272,5490,5492,5495,5499],{"class":5274,"line":5491},21,[5272,5493,5494],{"class":5278},"    return",[5272,5496,5498],{"class":5497},"sJj4R"," 0",[5272,5500,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,5502,5504],{"class":5274,"line":5503},22,[5272,5505,5506],{"class":5307},"}\n",[5508,5509,5511,5516],"terminal-preview",{"title":5510},".\u002FMysteriousBytes (64-бітна система)",[5512,5513,5515],"div",{"className":5514},[5274],"sizeof(EmptyNonPolymorphic) = 1 байт",[5512,5517,5519],{"className":5518},[5274],"sizeof(EmptyPolymorphic) = 8 байт",[5257,5521,5522,5523,5525,5526,5528],{},"Обидва класи не мають полів даних, проте їхні розміри радикально різняться. Порожній клас ",[5269,5524,5428],{}," займає 1 байт (мінімальний розмір, щоб кожен об'єкт мав унікальну адресу в пам'яті), а клас ",[5269,5527,5472],{}," з єдиним віртуальним методом раптово «важить» 8 байт!",[5257,5530,5531],{},"Звідки взялися ці додаткові 7 байт? Що компілятор приховує всередині поліморфного об'єкта? Чому простий віртуальний метод, який навіть нічого не робить, спричиняє таке збільшення розміру?",[5257,5533,5534,5535,5539,5540,5543,5544,5548,5549,5552,5553,5543,5556,5548,5559,5562],{},"У цій статті ми заглибимося в ",[5536,5537,5538],"strong",{},"внутрішню архітектуру поліморфізму C++"," — дослідимо, як компілятор реалізує динамічне зв'язування через ",[5536,5541,5542],{},"віртуальні таблиці методів"," (",[5545,5546,5547],"em",{},"virtual method table"," або ",[5545,5550,5551],{},"vtable",") та ",[5536,5554,5555],{},"прихований покажчик на віртуальну таблицю",[5545,5557,5558],{},"virtual table pointer",[5545,5560,5561],{},"vptr","). Ми побачимо, як саме процесор виконує поліморфний виклик, чому віртуальні функції не працюють у конструкторах і деструкторах, та оцінимо реальну вартість поліморфізму.",[5564,5565,5566,5593],"card-group",{},[5567,5568,5571],"card",{"icon":5569,"title":5570},"i-lucide-target","🎯 Мета статті",[5572,5573,5574,5578,5581,5584,5587,5590],"ul",{},[5575,5576,5577],"li",{},"Дослідити внутрішню архітектуру віртуальних викликів на рівні машинних інструкцій та пам'яті",[5575,5579,5580],{},"Розібрати віртуальну таблицю методів (vtable): структуру таблиці покажчиків та її розміщення в пам'яті",[5575,5582,5583],{},"Дослідити покажчик на віртуальну таблицю (vptr): неявне приховане поле в кожному поліморфному об'єкті",[5575,5585,5586],{},"Пояснити різницю між раннім (статичним) та пізнім (динамічним) зв'язуванням",[5575,5588,5589],{},"З'ясувати, чому віртуальні функції категорично не працюють у конструкторах та деструкторах",[5575,5591,5592],{},"Оцінити вартість поліморфізму: накладні витрати на пам'ять та втрату кеш-локальності",[5567,5594,5596],{"icon":4634,"title":5595},"🔑 Ключові терміни",[5572,5597,5598,5607,5616,5625,5634,5642],{},[5575,5599,5600,5543,5603,5606],{},[5536,5601,5602],{},"Зв'язування",[5545,5604,5605],{},"binding","): процес перетворення ідентифікатора (імені функції) в конкретну адресу в пам'яті",[5575,5608,5609,5543,5612,5615],{},[5536,5610,5611],{},"Раннє зв'язування",[5545,5613,5614],{},"early \u002F static binding","): вибір функції відбувається під час компіляції на основі типу покажчика",[5575,5617,5618,5543,5621,5624],{},[5536,5619,5620],{},"Пізнє зв'язування",[5545,5622,5623],{},"late \u002F dynamic binding","): вибір функції відбувається під час виконання на основі реального типу об'єкта",[5575,5626,5627,5543,5630,5633],{},[5536,5628,5629],{},"Віртуальна таблиця",[5545,5631,5632],{},"virtual table \u002F vtable","): статичний масив покажчиків на віртуальні методи класу",[5575,5635,5636,5543,5639,5641],{},[5536,5637,5638],{},"Покажчик на віртуальну таблицю",[5545,5640,5561],{},"): приховане поле в кожному об'єкті поліморфного класу, що вказує на vtable",[5575,5643,5644,5543,5647,5650],{},[5536,5645,5646],{},"Непрямий виклик",[5545,5648,5649],{},"indirect call","): виклик функції через покажчик замість прямого переходу за фіксованою адресою",[5252,5652,5654],{"id":5653},"звязування-від-імені-функції-до-машинної-адреси","Зв'язування: від імені функції до машинної адреси",[5656,5657,5659],"h3",{"id":5658},"що-таке-звязування","Що таке зв'язування",[5257,5661,5662,5663,5666,5667,5670,5671,5543,5674,5676],{},"Коли ви пишете виклик функції ",[5269,5664,5665],{},"foo()"," у коді, компілятор має перетворити це ім'я на ",[5536,5668,5669],{},"конкретну адресу в пам'яті",", за якою знаходиться машинний код функції. Процес перетворення ідентифікатора (імені функції або змінної) в адресу називається ",[5536,5672,5673],{},"зв'язуванням",[5545,5675,5605],{},").",[5257,5678,5679],{},"Під час компіляції кожна функція перетворюється на послідовність машинних інструкцій і отримує унікальну адресу в пам'яті виконуваного файлу. Коли програма запускається, операційна система завантажує код у пам'ять, і кожна функція «живе» за певною адресою.",[5257,5681,5682],{},"Розглянемо просту функцію та її приблизне відображення в пам'яті:",[5261,5684,5686],{"className":5263,"code":5685,"language":5266,"meta":5267,"style":5267},"void greet()\n{\n    std::cout \u003C\u003C \"Hello!\\n\";\n}\n\nint main()\n{\n    greet();  \u002F\u002F Як процесор знає, куди стрибнути?\n    return 0;\n}\n",[5269,5687,5688,5698,5702,5721,5725,5729,5737,5741,5752,5760],{"__ignoreMap":5267},[5272,5689,5690,5693,5696],{"class":5274,"line":5275},[5272,5691,5692],{"class":5296},"void",[5272,5694,5695],{"class":5357}," greet",[5272,5697,5386],{"class":5307},[5272,5699,5700],{"class":5274,"line":5286},[5272,5701,5308],{"class":5307},[5272,5703,5704,5706,5708,5710,5712,5715,5717,5719],{"class":5274,"line":5293},[5272,5705,5397],{"class":5300},[5272,5707,5400],{"class":5307},[5272,5709,5404],{"class":5403},[5272,5711,5407],{"class":5307},[5272,5713,5714],{"class":5282},"\"Hello!",[5272,5716,5438],{"class":5437},[5272,5718,5441],{"class":5282},[5272,5720,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,5722,5723],{"class":5274,"line":5304},[5272,5724,5506],{"class":5307},[5272,5726,5727],{"class":5274,"line":5311},[5272,5728,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,5730,5731,5733,5735],{"class":5274,"line":5318},[5272,5732,5380],{"class":5296},[5272,5734,5383],{"class":5357},[5272,5736,5386],{"class":5307},[5272,5738,5739],{"class":5274,"line":5324},[5272,5740,5308],{"class":5307},[5272,5742,5743,5746,5749],{"class":5274,"line":5329},[5272,5744,5745],{"class":5357},"    greet",[5272,5747,5748],{"class":5307},"();",[5272,5750,5751],{"class":5314},"  \u002F\u002F Як процесор знає, куди стрибнути?\n",[5272,5753,5754,5756,5758],{"class":5274,"line":5337},[5272,5755,5494],{"class":5278},[5272,5757,5498],{"class":5497},[5272,5759,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,5761,5762],{"class":5274,"line":5342},[5272,5763,5506],{"class":5307},[5257,5765,5766,5767,5770,5771,5774,5775,5777,5778,5781],{},"Після компіляції функція ",[5269,5768,5769],{},"greet()"," може мати, наприклад, адресу ",[5269,5772,5773],{},"0x00401000"," у пам'яті. Виклик ",[5269,5776,5769],{}," у коді перетворюється на машинну інструкцію ",[5269,5779,5780],{},"CALL 0x00401000"," — процесор переходить за цією адресою, виконує код функції, а потім повертається.",[5656,5783,5785],{"id":5784},"раннє-звязування-компілятор-знає-все-заздалегідь","Раннє зв'язування: компілятор знає все заздалегідь",[5257,5787,5788,5789,5543,5792,5548,5795,5798,5799,5802,5803,5806],{},"Більшість викликів функцій у C++ використовують ",[5536,5790,5791],{},"раннє зв'язування",[5545,5793,5794],{},"early binding",[5545,5796,5797],{},"static binding","). Це означає, що компілятор або компонувальник (",[5545,5800,5801],{},"linker",") може визначити точну адресу функції ",[5536,5804,5805],{},"під час компіляції або компонування"," програми, задовго до її запуску.",[5257,5808,5809,5543,5812,5815],{},[5536,5810,5811],{},"Прямий виклик функції",[5545,5813,5814],{},"direct function call",") — це виклик, де ім'я функції явно вказано в коді. Усі такі виклики використовують раннє зв'язування:",[5261,5817,5820],{"className":5263,"code":5818,"filename":5819,"language":5266,"meta":5267,"style":5267},"#include \u003Ciostream>\n\nint add(int a, int b)\n{\n    return a + b;\n}\n\nint subtract(int a, int b)\n{\n    return a - b;\n}\n\nint main()\n{\n    int x = 10, y = 5;\n    \n    \u002F\u002F Прямі виклики — раннє зв'язування\n    std::cout \u003C\u003C \"add(x, y) = \" \u003C\u003C add(x, y) \u003C\u003C \"\\n\";\n    std::cout \u003C\u003C \"subtract(x, y) = \" \u003C\u003C subtract(x, y) \u003C\u003C \"\\n\";\n    \n    return 0;\n}\n","EarlyBinding.cpp",[5269,5821,5822,5828,5832,5857,5861,5875,5879,5883,5904,5908,5921,5925,5929,5937,5941,5967,5971,5976,6013,6049,6053,6061],{"__ignoreMap":5267},[5272,5823,5824,5826],{"class":5274,"line":5275},[5272,5825,5279],{"class":5278},[5272,5827,5283],{"class":5282},[5272,5829,5830],{"class":5274,"line":5286},[5272,5831,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,5833,5834,5836,5839,5841,5843,5846,5849,5851,5854],{"class":5274,"line":5293},[5272,5835,5380],{"class":5296},[5272,5837,5838],{"class":5357}," add",[5272,5840,5425],{"class":5307},[5272,5842,5380],{"class":5296},[5272,5844,5845],{"class":5403}," a",[5272,5847,5848],{"class":5307},", ",[5272,5850,5380],{"class":5296},[5272,5852,5853],{"class":5403}," b",[5272,5855,5856],{"class":5307},")\n",[5272,5858,5859],{"class":5274,"line":5304},[5272,5860,5308],{"class":5307},[5272,5862,5863,5865,5867,5870,5873],{"class":5274,"line":5311},[5272,5864,5494],{"class":5278},[5272,5866,5845],{"class":5403},[5272,5868,5869],{"class":5307}," + ",[5272,5871,5872],{"class":5403},"b",[5272,5874,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,5876,5877],{"class":5274,"line":5318},[5272,5878,5506],{"class":5307},[5272,5880,5881],{"class":5274,"line":5324},[5272,5882,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,5884,5885,5887,5890,5892,5894,5896,5898,5900,5902],{"class":5274,"line":5329},[5272,5886,5380],{"class":5296},[5272,5888,5889],{"class":5357}," subtract",[5272,5891,5425],{"class":5307},[5272,5893,5380],{"class":5296},[5272,5895,5845],{"class":5403},[5272,5897,5848],{"class":5307},[5272,5899,5380],{"class":5296},[5272,5901,5853],{"class":5403},[5272,5903,5856],{"class":5307},[5272,5905,5906],{"class":5274,"line":5337},[5272,5907,5308],{"class":5307},[5272,5909,5910,5912,5914,5917,5919],{"class":5274,"line":5342},[5272,5911,5494],{"class":5278},[5272,5913,5845],{"class":5403},[5272,5915,5916],{"class":5307}," - ",[5272,5918,5872],{"class":5403},[5272,5920,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,5922,5923],{"class":5274,"line":5348},[5272,5924,5506],{"class":5307},[5272,5926,5927],{"class":5274,"line":5367},[5272,5928,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,5930,5931,5933,5935],{"class":5274,"line":5372},[5272,5932,5380],{"class":5296},[5272,5934,5383],{"class":5357},[5272,5936,5386],{"class":5307},[5272,5938,5939],{"class":5274,"line":5377},[5272,5940,5308],{"class":5307},[5272,5942,5943,5946,5949,5952,5955,5957,5960,5962,5965],{"class":5274,"line":5389},[5272,5944,5945],{"class":5296},"    int",[5272,5947,5948],{"class":5403}," x",[5272,5950,5951],{"class":5307}," = ",[5272,5953,5954],{"class":5497},"10",[5272,5956,5848],{"class":5307},[5272,5958,5959],{"class":5403},"y",[5272,5961,5951],{"class":5307},[5272,5963,5964],{"class":5497},"5",[5272,5966,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,5968,5969],{"class":5274,"line":5394},[5272,5970,5488],{"class":5307},[5272,5972,5973],{"class":5274,"line":5416},[5272,5974,5975],{"class":5314},"    \u002F\u002F Прямі виклики — раннє зв'язування\n",[5272,5977,5978,5980,5982,5984,5986,5989,5991,5994,5996,5999,6001,6003,6005,6007,6009,6011],{"class":5274,"line":5447},[5272,5979,5397],{"class":5300},[5272,5981,5400],{"class":5307},[5272,5983,5404],{"class":5403},[5272,5985,5407],{"class":5307},[5272,5987,5988],{"class":5282},"\"add(x, y) = \"",[5272,5990,5407],{"class":5307},[5272,5992,5993],{"class":5357},"add",[5272,5995,5425],{"class":5307},[5272,5997,5998],{"class":5403},"x",[5272,6000,5848],{"class":5307},[5272,6002,5959],{"class":5403},[5272,6004,5431],{"class":5307},[5272,6006,5441],{"class":5282},[5272,6008,5438],{"class":5437},[5272,6010,5441],{"class":5282},[5272,6012,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,6014,6015,6017,6019,6021,6023,6026,6028,6031,6033,6035,6037,6039,6041,6043,6045,6047],{"class":5274,"line":5463},[5272,6016,5397],{"class":5300},[5272,6018,5400],{"class":5307},[5272,6020,5404],{"class":5403},[5272,6022,5407],{"class":5307},[5272,6024,6025],{"class":5282},"\"subtract(x, y) = \"",[5272,6027,5407],{"class":5307},[5272,6029,6030],{"class":5357},"subtract",[5272,6032,5425],{"class":5307},[5272,6034,5998],{"class":5403},[5272,6036,5848],{"class":5307},[5272,6038,5959],{"class":5403},[5272,6040,5431],{"class":5307},[5272,6042,5441],{"class":5282},[5272,6044,5438],{"class":5437},[5272,6046,5441],{"class":5282},[5272,6048,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,6050,6051],{"class":5274,"line":5485},[5272,6052,5488],{"class":5307},[5272,6054,6055,6057,6059],{"class":5274,"line":5491},[5272,6056,5494],{"class":5278},[5272,6058,5498],{"class":5497},[5272,6060,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,6062,6063],{"class":5274,"line":5503},[5272,6064,5506],{"class":5307},[5257,6066,6067,6068,6071,6072,6075,6076,6079],{},"Компілятор аналізує код, бачить виклики ",[5269,6069,6070],{},"add(x, y)"," і ",[5269,6073,6074],{},"subtract(x, y)",", знаходить визначення цих функцій і ",[5536,6077,6078],{},"замінює виклики на інструкції переходу за фіксованими адресами",":",[5261,6081,6085],{"className":6082,"code":6083,"language":6084,"meta":5267,"style":5267},"language-nasm shiki shiki-themes light-plus dark-plus dark-plus","; Приблизний асемблерний код (x86-64)\ncall 0x00401000   ; Перехід до add()\ncall 0x00401050   ; Перехід до subtract()\n","nasm",[5269,6086,6087,6092,6097],{"__ignoreMap":5267},[5272,6088,6089],{"class":5274,"line":5275},[5272,6090,6091],{},"; Приблизний асемблерний код (x86-64)\n",[5272,6093,6094],{"class":5274,"line":5286},[5272,6095,6096],{},"call 0x00401000   ; Перехід до add()\n",[5272,6098,6099],{"class":5274,"line":5293},[5272,6100,6101],{},"call 0x00401050   ; Перехід до subtract()\n",[5257,6103,6104],{},"Це максимально ефективно — процесор напряму переходить за адресою без жодних додаткових операцій.",[6106,6107,6109],"plant-uml",{"alt":6108},"Раннє зв'язування: компілятор фіксує адреси під час збірки",[5261,6110,6114],{"className":6111,"code":6112,"language":6113,"meta":5267,"style":5267},"language-plantuml shiki shiki-themes light-plus dark-plus dark-plus","@startuml\nskinparam style plain\nskinparam backgroundColor #FFFFFF\n\nparticipant \"Вихідний код\" as Source #E2E8F0\nparticipant \"Компілятор\" as Compiler #DBEAFE\nparticipant \"Виконуваний файл\" as Binary #DCFCE7\nparticipant \"Процесор\" as CPU #FEF3C7\n\nSource -> Compiler : add(x, y)\nnote right of Source #E2E8F0\n  Прямий виклик функції\nend note\n\nCompiler -> Compiler : Визначає адресу add()\nnote over Compiler #DBEAFE\n  Раннє зв'язування:\n  add() має адресу 0x00401000\nend note\n\nCompiler -> Binary : Генерує інструкцію CALL 0x00401000\nnote over Binary #DCFCE7\n  Адреса фіксована\n  під час компіляції\nend note\n\nBinary -> CPU : Виконання програми\nCPU -> CPU : CALL 0x00401000\nnote over CPU #FEF3C7\n  Прямий перехід за адресою\n  Швидко та ефективно\nend note\n@enduml\n","plantuml",[5269,6115,6116,6121,6126,6131,6135,6140,6145,6150,6155,6159,6164,6169,6174,6179,6183,6188,6193,6198,6203,6207,6211,6216,6221,6227,6233,6238,6243,6249,6255,6261,6267,6273,6278],{"__ignoreMap":5267},[5272,6117,6118],{"class":5274,"line":5275},[5272,6119,6120],{},"@startuml\n",[5272,6122,6123],{"class":5274,"line":5286},[5272,6124,6125],{},"skinparam style plain\n",[5272,6127,6128],{"class":5274,"line":5293},[5272,6129,6130],{},"skinparam backgroundColor #FFFFFF\n",[5272,6132,6133],{"class":5274,"line":5304},[5272,6134,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,6136,6137],{"class":5274,"line":5311},[5272,6138,6139],{},"participant \"Вихідний код\" as Source #E2E8F0\n",[5272,6141,6142],{"class":5274,"line":5318},[5272,6143,6144],{},"participant \"Компілятор\" as Compiler #DBEAFE\n",[5272,6146,6147],{"class":5274,"line":5324},[5272,6148,6149],{},"participant \"Виконуваний файл\" as Binary #DCFCE7\n",[5272,6151,6152],{"class":5274,"line":5329},[5272,6153,6154],{},"participant \"Процесор\" as CPU #FEF3C7\n",[5272,6156,6157],{"class":5274,"line":5337},[5272,6158,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,6160,6161],{"class":5274,"line":5342},[5272,6162,6163],{},"Source -> Compiler : add(x, y)\n",[5272,6165,6166],{"class":5274,"line":5348},[5272,6167,6168],{},"note right of Source #E2E8F0\n",[5272,6170,6171],{"class":5274,"line":5367},[5272,6172,6173],{},"  Прямий виклик функції\n",[5272,6175,6176],{"class":5274,"line":5372},[5272,6177,6178],{},"end note\n",[5272,6180,6181],{"class":5274,"line":5377},[5272,6182,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,6184,6185],{"class":5274,"line":5389},[5272,6186,6187],{},"Compiler -> Compiler : Визначає адресу add()\n",[5272,6189,6190],{"class":5274,"line":5394},[5272,6191,6192],{},"note over Compiler #DBEAFE\n",[5272,6194,6195],{"class":5274,"line":5416},[5272,6196,6197],{},"  Раннє зв'язування:\n",[5272,6199,6200],{"class":5274,"line":5447},[5272,6201,6202],{},"  add() має адресу 0x00401000\n",[5272,6204,6205],{"class":5274,"line":5463},[5272,6206,6178],{},[5272,6208,6209],{"class":5274,"line":5485},[5272,6210,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,6212,6213],{"class":5274,"line":5491},[5272,6214,6215],{},"Compiler -> Binary : Генерує інструкцію CALL 0x00401000\n",[5272,6217,6218],{"class":5274,"line":5503},[5272,6219,6220],{},"note over Binary #DCFCE7\n",[5272,6222,6224],{"class":5274,"line":6223},23,[5272,6225,6226],{},"  Адреса фіксована\n",[5272,6228,6230],{"class":5274,"line":6229},24,[5272,6231,6232],{},"  під час компіляції\n",[5272,6234,6236],{"class":5274,"line":6235},25,[5272,6237,6178],{},[5272,6239,6241],{"class":5274,"line":6240},26,[5272,6242,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,6244,6246],{"class":5274,"line":6245},27,[5272,6247,6248],{},"Binary -> CPU : Виконання програми\n",[5272,6250,6252],{"class":5274,"line":6251},28,[5272,6253,6254],{},"CPU -> CPU : CALL 0x00401000\n",[5272,6256,6258],{"class":5274,"line":6257},29,[5272,6259,6260],{},"note over CPU #FEF3C7\n",[5272,6262,6264],{"class":5274,"line":6263},30,[5272,6265,6266],{},"  Прямий перехід за адресою\n",[5272,6268,6270],{"class":5274,"line":6269},31,[5272,6271,6272],{},"  Швидко та ефективно\n",[5272,6274,6276],{"class":5274,"line":6275},32,[5272,6277,6178],{},[5272,6279,6281],{"class":5274,"line":6280},33,[5272,6282,6283],{},"@enduml\n",[5656,6285,6287],{"id":6286},"пізнє-звязування-вибір-функції-під-час-виконання","Пізнє зв'язування: вибір функції під час виконання",[5257,6289,6290],{},"Проте не завжди компілятор може визначити, яка саме функція буде викликана. Розглянемо програму-калькулятор, де користувач обирає операцію під час виконання:",[5261,6292,6295],{"className":5263,"code":6293,"filename":6294,"language":5266,"meta":5267,"style":5267},"#include \u003Ciostream>\n\nint add(int a, int b) { return a + b; }\nint subtract(int a, int b) { return a - b; }\nint multiply(int a, int b) { return a * b; }\n\nint main()\n{\n    int a, b, operation;\n    \n    std::cout \u003C\u003C \"Введіть два числа: \";\n    std::cin >> a >> b;\n    \n    std::cout \u003C\u003C \"Виберіть операцію (0=додавання, 1=віднімання, 2=множення): \";\n    std::cin >> operation;\n    \n    \u002F\u002F ❌ Компілятор НЕ може визначити, яка функція викликатиметься\n    if (operation == 0)\n        std::cout \u003C\u003C \"Результат: \" \u003C\u003C add(a, b) \u003C\u003C \"\\n\";\n    else if (operation == 1)\n        std::cout \u003C\u003C \"Результат: \" \u003C\u003C subtract(a, b) \u003C\u003C \"\\n\";\n    else if (operation == 2)\n        std::cout \u003C\u003C \"Результат: \" \u003C\u003C multiply(a, b) \u003C\u003C \"\\n\";\n    \n    return 0;\n}\n","LateBinding.cpp",[5269,6296,6297,6303,6307,6340,6370,6402,6406,6414,6418,6435,6439,6454,6475,6479,6494,6508,6512,6517,6534,6570,6589,6623,6640,6675,6679,6687],{"__ignoreMap":5267},[5272,6298,6299,6301],{"class":5274,"line":5275},[5272,6300,5279],{"class":5278},[5272,6302,5283],{"class":5282},[5272,6304,6305],{"class":5274,"line":5286},[5272,6306,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,6308,6309,6311,6313,6315,6317,6319,6321,6323,6325,6328,6331,6333,6335,6337],{"class":5274,"line":5293},[5272,6310,5380],{"class":5296},[5272,6312,5838],{"class":5357},[5272,6314,5425],{"class":5307},[5272,6316,5380],{"class":5296},[5272,6318,5845],{"class":5403},[5272,6320,5848],{"class":5307},[5272,6322,5380],{"class":5296},[5272,6324,5853],{"class":5403},[5272,6326,6327],{"class":5307},") { ",[5272,6329,6330],{"class":5278},"return",[5272,6332,5845],{"class":5403},[5272,6334,5869],{"class":5307},[5272,6336,5872],{"class":5403},[5272,6338,6339],{"class":5307},"; }\n",[5272,6341,6342,6344,6346,6348,6350,6352,6354,6356,6358,6360,6362,6364,6366,6368],{"class":5274,"line":5304},[5272,6343,5380],{"class":5296},[5272,6345,5889],{"class":5357},[5272,6347,5425],{"class":5307},[5272,6349,5380],{"class":5296},[5272,6351,5845],{"class":5403},[5272,6353,5848],{"class":5307},[5272,6355,5380],{"class":5296},[5272,6357,5853],{"class":5403},[5272,6359,6327],{"class":5307},[5272,6361,6330],{"class":5278},[5272,6363,5845],{"class":5403},[5272,6365,5916],{"class":5307},[5272,6367,5872],{"class":5403},[5272,6369,6339],{"class":5307},[5272,6371,6372,6374,6377,6379,6381,6383,6385,6387,6389,6391,6393,6395,6398,6400],{"class":5274,"line":5311},[5272,6373,5380],{"class":5296},[5272,6375,6376],{"class":5357}," multiply",[5272,6378,5425],{"class":5307},[5272,6380,5380],{"class":5296},[5272,6382,5845],{"class":5403},[5272,6384,5848],{"class":5307},[5272,6386,5380],{"class":5296},[5272,6388,5853],{"class":5403},[5272,6390,6327],{"class":5307},[5272,6392,6330],{"class":5278},[5272,6394,5845],{"class":5403},[5272,6396,6397],{"class":5307}," * ",[5272,6399,5872],{"class":5403},[5272,6401,6339],{"class":5307},[5272,6403,6404],{"class":5274,"line":5318},[5272,6405,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,6407,6408,6410,6412],{"class":5274,"line":5324},[5272,6409,5380],{"class":5296},[5272,6411,5383],{"class":5357},[5272,6413,5386],{"class":5307},[5272,6415,6416],{"class":5274,"line":5329},[5272,6417,5308],{"class":5307},[5272,6419,6420,6422,6424,6426,6428,6430,6433],{"class":5274,"line":5337},[5272,6421,5945],{"class":5296},[5272,6423,5845],{"class":5403},[5272,6425,5848],{"class":5307},[5272,6427,5872],{"class":5403},[5272,6429,5848],{"class":5307},[5272,6431,6432],{"class":5403},"operation",[5272,6434,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,6436,6437],{"class":5274,"line":5342},[5272,6438,5488],{"class":5307},[5272,6440,6441,6443,6445,6447,6449,6452],{"class":5274,"line":5348},[5272,6442,5397],{"class":5300},[5272,6444,5400],{"class":5307},[5272,6446,5404],{"class":5403},[5272,6448,5407],{"class":5307},[5272,6450,6451],{"class":5282},"\"Введіть два числа: \"",[5272,6453,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,6455,6456,6458,6460,6463,6466,6469,6471,6473],{"class":5274,"line":5367},[5272,6457,5397],{"class":5300},[5272,6459,5400],{"class":5307},[5272,6461,6462],{"class":5403},"cin",[5272,6464,6465],{"class":5307}," >> ",[5272,6467,6468],{"class":5403},"a",[5272,6470,6465],{"class":5307},[5272,6472,5872],{"class":5403},[5272,6474,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,6476,6477],{"class":5274,"line":5372},[5272,6478,5488],{"class":5307},[5272,6480,6481,6483,6485,6487,6489,6492],{"class":5274,"line":5377},[5272,6482,5397],{"class":5300},[5272,6484,5400],{"class":5307},[5272,6486,5404],{"class":5403},[5272,6488,5407],{"class":5307},[5272,6490,6491],{"class":5282},"\"Виберіть операцію (0=додавання, 1=віднімання, 2=множення): \"",[5272,6493,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,6495,6496,6498,6500,6502,6504,6506],{"class":5274,"line":5389},[5272,6497,5397],{"class":5300},[5272,6499,5400],{"class":5307},[5272,6501,6462],{"class":5403},[5272,6503,6465],{"class":5307},[5272,6505,6432],{"class":5403},[5272,6507,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,6509,6510],{"class":5274,"line":5394},[5272,6511,5488],{"class":5307},[5272,6513,6514],{"class":5274,"line":5416},[5272,6515,6516],{"class":5314},"    \u002F\u002F ❌ Компілятор НЕ може визначити, яка функція викликатиметься\n",[5272,6518,6519,6522,6524,6526,6529,6532],{"class":5274,"line":5447},[5272,6520,6521],{"class":5278},"    if",[5272,6523,5543],{"class":5307},[5272,6525,6432],{"class":5403},[5272,6527,6528],{"class":5307}," == ",[5272,6530,6531],{"class":5497},"0",[5272,6533,5856],{"class":5307},[5272,6535,6536,6539,6541,6543,6545,6548,6550,6552,6554,6556,6558,6560,6562,6564,6566,6568],{"class":5274,"line":5463},[5272,6537,6538],{"class":5300},"        std",[5272,6540,5400],{"class":5307},[5272,6542,5404],{"class":5403},[5272,6544,5407],{"class":5307},[5272,6546,6547],{"class":5282},"\"Результат: \"",[5272,6549,5407],{"class":5307},[5272,6551,5993],{"class":5357},[5272,6553,5425],{"class":5307},[5272,6555,6468],{"class":5403},[5272,6557,5848],{"class":5307},[5272,6559,5872],{"class":5403},[5272,6561,5431],{"class":5307},[5272,6563,5441],{"class":5282},[5272,6565,5438],{"class":5437},[5272,6567,5441],{"class":5282},[5272,6569,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,6571,6572,6575,6578,6580,6582,6584,6587],{"class":5274,"line":5485},[5272,6573,6574],{"class":5278},"    else",[5272,6576,6577],{"class":5278}," if",[5272,6579,5543],{"class":5307},[5272,6581,6432],{"class":5403},[5272,6583,6528],{"class":5307},[5272,6585,6586],{"class":5497},"1",[5272,6588,5856],{"class":5307},[5272,6590,6591,6593,6595,6597,6599,6601,6603,6605,6607,6609,6611,6613,6615,6617,6619,6621],{"class":5274,"line":5491},[5272,6592,6538],{"class":5300},[5272,6594,5400],{"class":5307},[5272,6596,5404],{"class":5403},[5272,6598,5407],{"class":5307},[5272,6600,6547],{"class":5282},[5272,6602,5407],{"class":5307},[5272,6604,6030],{"class":5357},[5272,6606,5425],{"class":5307},[5272,6608,6468],{"class":5403},[5272,6610,5848],{"class":5307},[5272,6612,5872],{"class":5403},[5272,6614,5431],{"class":5307},[5272,6616,5441],{"class":5282},[5272,6618,5438],{"class":5437},[5272,6620,5441],{"class":5282},[5272,6622,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,6624,6625,6627,6629,6631,6633,6635,6638],{"class":5274,"line":5503},[5272,6626,6574],{"class":5278},[5272,6628,6577],{"class":5278},[5272,6630,5543],{"class":5307},[5272,6632,6432],{"class":5403},[5272,6634,6528],{"class":5307},[5272,6636,6637],{"class":5497},"2",[5272,6639,5856],{"class":5307},[5272,6641,6642,6644,6646,6648,6650,6652,6654,6657,6659,6661,6663,6665,6667,6669,6671,6673],{"class":5274,"line":6223},[5272,6643,6538],{"class":5300},[5272,6645,5400],{"class":5307},[5272,6647,5404],{"class":5403},[5272,6649,5407],{"class":5307},[5272,6651,6547],{"class":5282},[5272,6653,5407],{"class":5307},[5272,6655,6656],{"class":5357},"multiply",[5272,6658,5425],{"class":5307},[5272,6660,6468],{"class":5403},[5272,6662,5848],{"class":5307},[5272,6664,5872],{"class":5403},[5272,6666,5431],{"class":5307},[5272,6668,5441],{"class":5282},[5272,6670,5438],{"class":5437},[5272,6672,5441],{"class":5282},[5272,6674,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,6676,6677],{"class":5274,"line":6229},[5272,6678,5488],{"class":5307},[5272,6680,6681,6683,6685],{"class":5274,"line":6235},[5272,6682,5494],{"class":5278},[5272,6684,5498],{"class":5497},[5272,6686,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,6688,6689],{"class":5274,"line":6240},[5272,6690,5506],{"class":5307},[5257,6692,6693,6694,5543,6697,5548,6700,5676],{},"Компілятор бачить три можливі виклики, але не може знати заздалегідь, який саме виконається — це залежить від введення користувача під час виконання. Такі випадки вимагають ",[5536,6695,6696],{},"пізнього зв'язування",[5545,6698,6699],{},"late binding",[5545,6701,6702],{},"dynamic binding",[5257,6704,6705,6706,5543,6709,6712],{},"У C++ пізнє зв'язування реалізується через ",[5536,6707,6708],{},"покажчики на функції",[5545,6710,6711],{},"function pointers","):",[5261,6714,6717],{"className":5263,"code":6715,"filename":6716,"language":5266,"meta":5267,"style":5267},"#include \u003Ciostream>\n\nint add(int a, int b) { return a + b; }\nint subtract(int a, int b) { return a - b; }\nint multiply(int a, int b) { return a * b; }\n\nint main()\n{\n    int a, b, operation;\n    \n    std::cout \u003C\u003C \"Введіть два числа: \";\n    std::cin >> a >> b;\n    \n    std::cout \u003C\u003C \"Виберіть операцію (0=додавання, 1=віднімання, 2=множення): \";\n    std::cin >> operation;\n    \n    \u002F\u002F Покажчик на функцію\n    int (*operationFunc)(int, int) = nullptr;\n    \n    \u002F\u002F Вибираємо функцію під час виконання\n    if (operation == 0)\n        operationFunc = add;\n    else if (operation == 1)\n        operationFunc = subtract;\n    else if (operation == 2)\n        operationFunc = multiply;\n    \n    \u002F\u002F Непрямий виклик через покажчик\n    if (operationFunc != nullptr) {\n        std::cout \u003C\u003C \"Результат: \" \u003C\u003C operationFunc(a, b) \u003C\u003C \"\\n\";\n    }\n    \n    return 0;\n}\n","FunctionPointer.cpp",[5269,6718,6719,6725,6729,6759,6789,6819,6823,6831,6835,6851,6855,6869,6887,6891,6905,6919,6923,6928,6955,6959,6964,6978,6989,7005,7015,7031,7041,7045,7050,7066,7100,7105,7109,7117],{"__ignoreMap":5267},[5272,6720,6721,6723],{"class":5274,"line":5275},[5272,6722,5279],{"class":5278},[5272,6724,5283],{"class":5282},[5272,6726,6727],{"class":5274,"line":5286},[5272,6728,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,6730,6731,6733,6735,6737,6739,6741,6743,6745,6747,6749,6751,6753,6755,6757],{"class":5274,"line":5293},[5272,6732,5380],{"class":5296},[5272,6734,5838],{"class":5357},[5272,6736,5425],{"class":5307},[5272,6738,5380],{"class":5296},[5272,6740,5845],{"class":5403},[5272,6742,5848],{"class":5307},[5272,6744,5380],{"class":5296},[5272,6746,5853],{"class":5403},[5272,6748,6327],{"class":5307},[5272,6750,6330],{"class":5278},[5272,6752,5845],{"class":5403},[5272,6754,5869],{"class":5307},[5272,6756,5872],{"class":5403},[5272,6758,6339],{"class":5307},[5272,6760,6761,6763,6765,6767,6769,6771,6773,6775,6777,6779,6781,6783,6785,6787],{"class":5274,"line":5304},[5272,6762,5380],{"class":5296},[5272,6764,5889],{"class":5357},[5272,6766,5425],{"class":5307},[5272,6768,5380],{"class":5296},[5272,6770,5845],{"class":5403},[5272,6772,5848],{"class":5307},[5272,6774,5380],{"class":5296},[5272,6776,5853],{"class":5403},[5272,6778,6327],{"class":5307},[5272,6780,6330],{"class":5278},[5272,6782,5845],{"class":5403},[5272,6784,5916],{"class":5307},[5272,6786,5872],{"class":5403},[5272,6788,6339],{"class":5307},[5272,6790,6791,6793,6795,6797,6799,6801,6803,6805,6807,6809,6811,6813,6815,6817],{"class":5274,"line":5311},[5272,6792,5380],{"class":5296},[5272,6794,6376],{"class":5357},[5272,6796,5425],{"class":5307},[5272,6798,5380],{"class":5296},[5272,6800,5845],{"class":5403},[5272,6802,5848],{"class":5307},[5272,6804,5380],{"class":5296},[5272,6806,5853],{"class":5403},[5272,6808,6327],{"class":5307},[5272,6810,6330],{"class":5278},[5272,6812,5845],{"class":5403},[5272,6814,6397],{"class":5307},[5272,6816,5872],{"class":5403},[5272,6818,6339],{"class":5307},[5272,6820,6821],{"class":5274,"line":5318},[5272,6822,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,6824,6825,6827,6829],{"class":5274,"line":5324},[5272,6826,5380],{"class":5296},[5272,6828,5383],{"class":5357},[5272,6830,5386],{"class":5307},[5272,6832,6833],{"class":5274,"line":5329},[5272,6834,5308],{"class":5307},[5272,6836,6837,6839,6841,6843,6845,6847,6849],{"class":5274,"line":5337},[5272,6838,5945],{"class":5296},[5272,6840,5845],{"class":5403},[5272,6842,5848],{"class":5307},[5272,6844,5872],{"class":5403},[5272,6846,5848],{"class":5307},[5272,6848,6432],{"class":5403},[5272,6850,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,6852,6853],{"class":5274,"line":5342},[5272,6854,5488],{"class":5307},[5272,6856,6857,6859,6861,6863,6865,6867],{"class":5274,"line":5348},[5272,6858,5397],{"class":5300},[5272,6860,5400],{"class":5307},[5272,6862,5404],{"class":5403},[5272,6864,5407],{"class":5307},[5272,6866,6451],{"class":5282},[5272,6868,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,6870,6871,6873,6875,6877,6879,6881,6883,6885],{"class":5274,"line":5367},[5272,6872,5397],{"class":5300},[5272,6874,5400],{"class":5307},[5272,6876,6462],{"class":5403},[5272,6878,6465],{"class":5307},[5272,6880,6468],{"class":5403},[5272,6882,6465],{"class":5307},[5272,6884,5872],{"class":5403},[5272,6886,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,6888,6889],{"class":5274,"line":5372},[5272,6890,5488],{"class":5307},[5272,6892,6893,6895,6897,6899,6901,6903],{"class":5274,"line":5377},[5272,6894,5397],{"class":5300},[5272,6896,5400],{"class":5307},[5272,6898,5404],{"class":5403},[5272,6900,5407],{"class":5307},[5272,6902,6491],{"class":5282},[5272,6904,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,6906,6907,6909,6911,6913,6915,6917],{"class":5274,"line":5389},[5272,6908,5397],{"class":5300},[5272,6910,5400],{"class":5307},[5272,6912,6462],{"class":5403},[5272,6914,6465],{"class":5307},[5272,6916,6432],{"class":5403},[5272,6918,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,6920,6921],{"class":5274,"line":5394},[5272,6922,5488],{"class":5307},[5272,6924,6925],{"class":5274,"line":5416},[5272,6926,6927],{"class":5314},"    \u002F\u002F Покажчик на функцію\n",[5272,6929,6930,6932,6935,6938,6941,6943,6945,6947,6950,6953],{"class":5274,"line":5447},[5272,6931,5945],{"class":5296},[5272,6933,6934],{"class":5307}," (*",[5272,6936,6937],{"class":5403},"operationFunc",[5272,6939,6940],{"class":5307},")(",[5272,6942,5380],{"class":5296},[5272,6944,5848],{"class":5307},[5272,6946,5380],{"class":5296},[5272,6948,6949],{"class":5307},") = ",[5272,6951,6952],{"class":5296},"nullptr",[5272,6954,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,6956,6957],{"class":5274,"line":5463},[5272,6958,5488],{"class":5307},[5272,6960,6961],{"class":5274,"line":5485},[5272,6962,6963],{"class":5314},"    \u002F\u002F Вибираємо функцію під час виконання\n",[5272,6965,6966,6968,6970,6972,6974,6976],{"class":5274,"line":5491},[5272,6967,6521],{"class":5278},[5272,6969,5543],{"class":5307},[5272,6971,6432],{"class":5403},[5272,6973,6528],{"class":5307},[5272,6975,6531],{"class":5497},[5272,6977,5856],{"class":5307},[5272,6979,6980,6983,6985,6987],{"class":5274,"line":5503},[5272,6981,6982],{"class":5403},"        operationFunc",[5272,6984,5951],{"class":5307},[5272,6986,5993],{"class":5403},[5272,6988,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,6990,6991,6993,6995,6997,6999,7001,7003],{"class":5274,"line":6223},[5272,6992,6574],{"class":5278},[5272,6994,6577],{"class":5278},[5272,6996,5543],{"class":5307},[5272,6998,6432],{"class":5403},[5272,7000,6528],{"class":5307},[5272,7002,6586],{"class":5497},[5272,7004,5856],{"class":5307},[5272,7006,7007,7009,7011,7013],{"class":5274,"line":6229},[5272,7008,6982],{"class":5403},[5272,7010,5951],{"class":5307},[5272,7012,6030],{"class":5403},[5272,7014,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,7016,7017,7019,7021,7023,7025,7027,7029],{"class":5274,"line":6235},[5272,7018,6574],{"class":5278},[5272,7020,6577],{"class":5278},[5272,7022,5543],{"class":5307},[5272,7024,6432],{"class":5403},[5272,7026,6528],{"class":5307},[5272,7028,6637],{"class":5497},[5272,7030,5856],{"class":5307},[5272,7032,7033,7035,7037,7039],{"class":5274,"line":6240},[5272,7034,6982],{"class":5403},[5272,7036,5951],{"class":5307},[5272,7038,6656],{"class":5403},[5272,7040,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,7042,7043],{"class":5274,"line":6245},[5272,7044,5488],{"class":5307},[5272,7046,7047],{"class":5274,"line":6251},[5272,7048,7049],{"class":5314},"    \u002F\u002F Непрямий виклик через покажчик\n",[5272,7051,7052,7054,7056,7058,7061,7063],{"class":5274,"line":6257},[5272,7053,6521],{"class":5278},[5272,7055,5543],{"class":5307},[5272,7057,6937],{"class":5403},[5272,7059,7060],{"class":5307}," != ",[5272,7062,6952],{"class":5296},[5272,7064,7065],{"class":5307},") {\n",[5272,7067,7068,7070,7072,7074,7076,7078,7080,7082,7084,7086,7088,7090,7092,7094,7096,7098],{"class":5274,"line":6263},[5272,7069,6538],{"class":5300},[5272,7071,5400],{"class":5307},[5272,7073,5404],{"class":5403},[5272,7075,5407],{"class":5307},[5272,7077,6547],{"class":5282},[5272,7079,5407],{"class":5307},[5272,7081,6937],{"class":5357},[5272,7083,5425],{"class":5307},[5272,7085,6468],{"class":5403},[5272,7087,5848],{"class":5307},[5272,7089,5872],{"class":5403},[5272,7091,5431],{"class":5307},[5272,7093,5441],{"class":5282},[5272,7095,5438],{"class":5437},[5272,7097,5441],{"class":5282},[5272,7099,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,7101,7102],{"class":5274,"line":6269},[5272,7103,7104],{"class":5307},"    }\n",[5272,7106,7107],{"class":5274,"line":6275},[5272,7108,5488],{"class":5307},[5272,7110,7111,7113,7115],{"class":5274,"line":6280},[5272,7112,5494],{"class":5278},[5272,7114,5498],{"class":5497},[5272,7116,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,7118,7120],{"class":5274,"line":7119},34,[5272,7121,5506],{"class":5307},[5257,7123,7124,7125,7128,7129,7131],{},"Тепер виклик функції відбувається ",[5536,7126,7127],{},"непрямо"," — через покажчик ",[5269,7130,6937],{},". Процесор не може просто перейти за фіксованою адресою, адже значення покажчика визначається лише під час виконання програми. Замість цього процесор виконує:",[7133,7134,7135,7141,7144],"ol",{},[5575,7136,7137,7138,7140],{},"Читає значення покажчика ",[5269,7139,6937],{}," з пам'яті",[5575,7142,7143],{},"Переходить за адресою, що зберігається в покажчику",[5575,7145,7146],{},"Виконує код функції",[5257,7148,7149],{},"Це повільніше за пряме зв'язування (додатковий крок читання адреси), але набагато гнучкіше — вибір функції відкладається до моменту виконання.",[7151,7152,7153,5543,7156,7159,7160,5543,7163,5676],"note",{},[5536,7154,7155],{},"Непрямий виклик функції",[5545,7157,7158],{},"indirect function call",") — виклик через покажчик на функцію замість прямого переходу за фіксованою адресою. Це основа пізнього зв'язування. Віртуальні методи C++ реалізовані саме через непрямі виклики, але замість простих покажчиків використовується складніша структура — ",[5536,7161,7162],{},"віртуальна таблиця",[5545,7164,5551],{},[5252,7166,7168],{"id":7167},"віртуальна-таблиця-як-компілятор-організовує-поліморфізм","Віртуальна таблиця: як компілятор організовує поліморфізм",[5656,7170,7172],{"id":7171},"що-таке-vtable","Що таке vtable",[5257,7174,7175,5543,7177,7180,7181,7183],{},[5536,7176,5629],{},[5545,7178,7179],{},"virtual table"," або скорочено ",[5545,7182,5551],{},") — це статичний масив покажчиків на віртуальні методи класу, який створюється компілятором під час компіляції. Кожен клас, що має хоча б один віртуальний метод, отримує власну vtable.",[5257,7185,7186],{},"Розглянемо простий приклад:",[5261,7188,7191],{"className":5263,"code":7189,"filename":7190,"language":5266,"meta":5267,"style":5267},"class Animal\n{\npublic:\n    virtual void speak() { std::cout \u003C\u003C \"???\\n\"; }\n    virtual void eat() { std::cout \u003C\u003C \"Їм їжу\\n\"; }\n};\n\nclass Dog : public Animal\n{\npublic:\n    void speak() override { std::cout \u003C\u003C \"Woof\\n\"; }\n    \u002F\u002F eat() не перевизначено — використовується Animal::eat()\n};\n\nclass Cat : public Animal\n{\npublic:\n    void speak() override { std::cout \u003C\u003C \"Meow\\n\"; }\n    void eat() override { std::cout \u003C\u003C \"Їм рибу\\n\"; }\n};\n","VTableExample.cpp",[5269,7192,7193,7200,7204,7208,7238,7266,7270,7274,7289,7293,7297,7330,7335,7339,7343,7356,7360,7364,7393,7422],{"__ignoreMap":5267},[5272,7194,7195,7197],{"class":5274,"line":5275},[5272,7196,5297],{"class":5296},[5272,7198,7199],{"class":5300}," Animal\n",[5272,7201,7202],{"class":5274,"line":5286},[5272,7203,5308],{"class":5307},[5272,7205,7206],{"class":5274,"line":5293},[5272,7207,5345],{"class":5296},[5272,7209,7210,7212,7214,7217,7220,7223,7225,7227,7229,7232,7234,7236],{"class":5274,"line":5304},[5272,7211,5351],{"class":5296},[5272,7213,5354],{"class":5296},[5272,7215,7216],{"class":5357}," speak",[5272,7218,7219],{"class":5307},"() { ",[5272,7221,7222],{"class":5300},"std",[5272,7224,5400],{"class":5307},[5272,7226,5404],{"class":5403},[5272,7228,5407],{"class":5307},[5272,7230,7231],{"class":5282},"\"???",[5272,7233,5438],{"class":5437},[5272,7235,5441],{"class":5282},[5272,7237,6339],{"class":5307},[5272,7239,7240,7242,7244,7247,7249,7251,7253,7255,7257,7260,7262,7264],{"class":5274,"line":5311},[5272,7241,5351],{"class":5296},[5272,7243,5354],{"class":5296},[5272,7245,7246],{"class":5357}," eat",[5272,7248,7219],{"class":5307},[5272,7250,7222],{"class":5300},[5272,7252,5400],{"class":5307},[5272,7254,5404],{"class":5403},[5272,7256,5407],{"class":5307},[5272,7258,7259],{"class":5282},"\"Їм їжу",[5272,7261,5438],{"class":5437},[5272,7263,5441],{"class":5282},[5272,7265,6339],{"class":5307},[5272,7267,7268],{"class":5274,"line":5318},[5272,7269,5321],{"class":5307},[5272,7271,7272],{"class":5274,"line":5324},[5272,7273,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,7275,7276,7278,7281,7284,7287],{"class":5274,"line":5329},[5272,7277,5297],{"class":5296},[5272,7279,7280],{"class":5300}," Dog",[5272,7282,7283],{"class":5307}," : ",[5272,7285,7286],{"class":5296},"public",[5272,7288,7199],{"class":5300},[5272,7290,7291],{"class":5274,"line":5337},[5272,7292,5308],{"class":5307},[5272,7294,7295],{"class":5274,"line":5342},[5272,7296,5345],{"class":5296},[5272,7298,7299,7302,7304,7307,7310,7313,7315,7317,7319,7321,7324,7326,7328],{"class":5274,"line":5348},[5272,7300,7301],{"class":5296},"    void",[5272,7303,7216],{"class":5357},[5272,7305,7306],{"class":5307},"() ",[5272,7308,7309],{"class":5296},"override",[5272,7311,7312],{"class":5307}," { ",[5272,7314,7222],{"class":5300},[5272,7316,5400],{"class":5307},[5272,7318,5404],{"class":5403},[5272,7320,5407],{"class":5307},[5272,7322,7323],{"class":5282},"\"Woof",[5272,7325,5438],{"class":5437},[5272,7327,5441],{"class":5282},[5272,7329,6339],{"class":5307},[5272,7331,7332],{"class":5274,"line":5367},[5272,7333,7334],{"class":5314},"    \u002F\u002F eat() не перевизначено — використовується Animal::eat()\n",[5272,7336,7337],{"class":5274,"line":5372},[5272,7338,5321],{"class":5307},[5272,7340,7341],{"class":5274,"line":5377},[5272,7342,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,7344,7345,7347,7350,7352,7354],{"class":5274,"line":5389},[5272,7346,5297],{"class":5296},[5272,7348,7349],{"class":5300}," Cat",[5272,7351,7283],{"class":5307},[5272,7353,7286],{"class":5296},[5272,7355,7199],{"class":5300},[5272,7357,7358],{"class":5274,"line":5394},[5272,7359,5308],{"class":5307},[5272,7361,7362],{"class":5274,"line":5416},[5272,7363,5345],{"class":5296},[5272,7365,7366,7368,7370,7372,7374,7376,7378,7380,7382,7384,7387,7389,7391],{"class":5274,"line":5447},[5272,7367,7301],{"class":5296},[5272,7369,7216],{"class":5357},[5272,7371,7306],{"class":5307},[5272,7373,7309],{"class":5296},[5272,7375,7312],{"class":5307},[5272,7377,7222],{"class":5300},[5272,7379,5400],{"class":5307},[5272,7381,5404],{"class":5403},[5272,7383,5407],{"class":5307},[5272,7385,7386],{"class":5282},"\"Meow",[5272,7388,5438],{"class":5437},[5272,7390,5441],{"class":5282},[5272,7392,6339],{"class":5307},[5272,7394,7395,7397,7399,7401,7403,7405,7407,7409,7411,7413,7416,7418,7420],{"class":5274,"line":5463},[5272,7396,7301],{"class":5296},[5272,7398,7246],{"class":5357},[5272,7400,7306],{"class":5307},[5272,7402,7309],{"class":5296},[5272,7404,7312],{"class":5307},[5272,7406,7222],{"class":5300},[5272,7408,5400],{"class":5307},[5272,7410,5404],{"class":5403},[5272,7412,5407],{"class":5307},[5272,7414,7415],{"class":5282},"\"Їм рибу",[5272,7417,5438],{"class":5437},[5272,7419,5441],{"class":5282},[5272,7421,6339],{"class":5307},[5272,7423,7424],{"class":5274,"line":5485},[5272,7425,5321],{"class":5307},[5257,7427,7428,7429,7432],{},"Компілятор створює ",[5536,7430,7431],{},"три окремі vtable"," — по одній для кожного класу:",[6106,7434,7436],{"alt":7435},"Структура віртуальних таблиць для ієрархії Animal → Dog \u002F Cat",[5261,7437,7439],{"className":6111,"code":7438,"language":6113,"meta":5267,"style":5267},"@startuml\nskinparam style plain\nskinparam backgroundColor #FFFFFF\n\npackage \"Віртуальні таблиці (статичні дані)\" {\n    object \"vtable для Animal\" as VTableAnimal {\n        [0] = &Animal::speak\n        [1] = &Animal::eat\n    }\n    \n    object \"vtable для Dog\" as VTableDog {\n        [0] = &Dog::speak\n        [1] = &Animal::eat\n    }\n    \n    object \"vtable для Cat\" as VTableCat {\n        [0] = &Cat::speak\n        [1] = &Cat::eat\n    }\n}\n\nnote bottom of VTableAnimal #E2E8F0\n  Базовий клас: обидві функції\n  вказують на реалізації Animal\nend note\n\nnote bottom of VTableDog #DBEAFE\n  Dog перевизначає speak(),\n  але успадковує eat() від Animal\nend note\n\nnote bottom of VTableCat #DCFCE7\n  Cat перевизначає обидві функції\nend note\n@enduml\n",[5269,7440,7441,7445,7449,7453,7457,7462,7467,7472,7477,7481,7485,7490,7495,7499,7503,7507,7512,7517,7522,7526,7530,7534,7539,7544,7549,7553,7557,7562,7567,7572,7576,7580,7585,7590,7594],{"__ignoreMap":5267},[5272,7442,7443],{"class":5274,"line":5275},[5272,7444,6120],{},[5272,7446,7447],{"class":5274,"line":5286},[5272,7448,6125],{},[5272,7450,7451],{"class":5274,"line":5293},[5272,7452,6130],{},[5272,7454,7455],{"class":5274,"line":5304},[5272,7456,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,7458,7459],{"class":5274,"line":5311},[5272,7460,7461],{},"package \"Віртуальні таблиці (статичні дані)\" {\n",[5272,7463,7464],{"class":5274,"line":5318},[5272,7465,7466],{},"    object \"vtable для Animal\" as VTableAnimal {\n",[5272,7468,7469],{"class":5274,"line":5324},[5272,7470,7471],{},"        [0] = &Animal::speak\n",[5272,7473,7474],{"class":5274,"line":5329},[5272,7475,7476],{},"        [1] = &Animal::eat\n",[5272,7478,7479],{"class":5274,"line":5337},[5272,7480,7104],{},[5272,7482,7483],{"class":5274,"line":5342},[5272,7484,5488],{},[5272,7486,7487],{"class":5274,"line":5348},[5272,7488,7489],{},"    object \"vtable для Dog\" as VTableDog {\n",[5272,7491,7492],{"class":5274,"line":5367},[5272,7493,7494],{},"        [0] = &Dog::speak\n",[5272,7496,7497],{"class":5274,"line":5372},[5272,7498,7476],{},[5272,7500,7501],{"class":5274,"line":5377},[5272,7502,7104],{},[5272,7504,7505],{"class":5274,"line":5389},[5272,7506,5488],{},[5272,7508,7509],{"class":5274,"line":5394},[5272,7510,7511],{},"    object \"vtable для Cat\" as VTableCat {\n",[5272,7513,7514],{"class":5274,"line":5416},[5272,7515,7516],{},"        [0] = &Cat::speak\n",[5272,7518,7519],{"class":5274,"line":5447},[5272,7520,7521],{},"        [1] = &Cat::eat\n",[5272,7523,7524],{"class":5274,"line":5463},[5272,7525,7104],{},[5272,7527,7528],{"class":5274,"line":5485},[5272,7529,5506],{},[5272,7531,7532],{"class":5274,"line":5491},[5272,7533,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,7535,7536],{"class":5274,"line":5503},[5272,7537,7538],{},"note bottom of VTableAnimal #E2E8F0\n",[5272,7540,7541],{"class":5274,"line":6223},[5272,7542,7543],{},"  Базовий клас: обидві функції\n",[5272,7545,7546],{"class":5274,"line":6229},[5272,7547,7548],{},"  вказують на реалізації Animal\n",[5272,7550,7551],{"class":5274,"line":6235},[5272,7552,6178],{},[5272,7554,7555],{"class":5274,"line":6240},[5272,7556,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,7558,7559],{"class":5274,"line":6245},[5272,7560,7561],{},"note bottom of VTableDog #DBEAFE\n",[5272,7563,7564],{"class":5274,"line":6251},[5272,7565,7566],{},"  Dog перевизначає speak(),\n",[5272,7568,7569],{"class":5274,"line":6257},[5272,7570,7571],{},"  але успадковує eat() від Animal\n",[5272,7573,7574],{"class":5274,"line":6263},[5272,7575,6178],{},[5272,7577,7578],{"class":5274,"line":6269},[5272,7579,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,7581,7582],{"class":5274,"line":6275},[5272,7583,7584],{},"note bottom of VTableCat #DCFCE7\n",[5272,7586,7587],{"class":5274,"line":6280},[5272,7588,7589],{},"  Cat перевизначає обидві функції\n",[5272,7591,7592],{"class":5274,"line":7119},[5272,7593,6178],{},[5272,7595,7597],{"class":5274,"line":7596},35,[5272,7598,6283],{},[5257,7600,7601,7602,7605],{},"Кожен запис у vtable — це адреса ",[5536,7603,7604],{},"найпохіднішого методу",", доступного для об'єктів цього класу:",[5572,7607,7608,7619,7643],{},[5575,7609,7610,7616,7617],{},[5536,7611,7612,7613],{},"vtable для ",[5269,7614,7615],{},"Animal",": обидва записи вказують на методи ",[5269,7618,7615],{},[5575,7620,7621,7626,7627,7630,7631,7634,7635,7638,7639,7642],{},[5536,7622,7612,7623],{},[5269,7624,7625],{},"Dog",": ",[5269,7628,7629],{},"speak()"," вказує на ",[5269,7632,7633],{},"Dog::speak()",", але ",[5269,7636,7637],{},"eat()"," — на ",[5269,7640,7641],{},"Animal::eat()"," (не перевизначено)",[5575,7644,7645,7616,7650,7652],{},[5536,7646,7612,7647],{},[5269,7648,7649],{},"Cat",[5269,7651,7649],{}," (перевизначено обидва)",[7654,7655,7656,7659,7660,7663,7664,5543,7667,7670,7671,7674],"tip",{},[5536,7657,7658],{},"Важливо",": vtable створюється ",[5536,7661,7662],{},"один раз для кожного класу"," під час компіляції і зберігається в ",[5536,7665,7666],{},"сегменті констант",[5545,7668,7669],{},"read-only data section",") виконуваного файлу. Це не частина об'єкта — це глобальна статична структура, спільна для всіх об'єктів класу. Кожен об'єкт зберігає лише ",[5536,7672,7673],{},"покажчик на vtable",", а не саму таблицю.",[5656,7676,7678],{"id":7677},"приховане-поле-vptr-мост-між-обєктом-і-vtable","Приховане поле vptr: мост між об'єктом і vtable",[5257,7680,7681,7682,7685,7686,5543,7688,5676],{},"Щоб зв'язати об'єкт із його vtable, компілятор додає до кожного поліморфного об'єкта ",[5536,7683,7684],{},"приховане поле"," — покажчик на віртуальну таблицю, який зазвичай називають ",[5536,7687,5561],{},[5545,7689,5558],{},[5257,7691,7692,7693,7696,7697,7700],{},"На відміну від прихованого покажчика ",[5269,7694,7695],{},"this"," (який є параметром методу, а не полем), ",[5536,7698,7699],{},"vptr є реальним полем"," — він займає пам'ять усередині кожного об'єкта. Розмір vptr — 8 байт на 64-бітних системах, 4 байти на 32-бітних.",[5261,7702,7705],{"className":5263,"code":7703,"filename":7704,"language":5266,"meta":5267,"style":5267},"class Animal\n{\npublic:\n    virtual void speak() { std::cout \u003C\u003C \"???\\n\"; }\n};\n\nclass Dog : public Animal\n{\npublic:\n    void speak() override { std::cout \u003C\u003C \"Woof\\n\"; }\n};\n\nint main()\n{\n    Animal a;  \u002F\u002F a.vptr вказує на vtable Animal\n    Dog d;     \u002F\u002F d.vptr вказує на vtable Dog\n    \n    Animal* ptr = &d;  \u002F\u002F ptr вказує на об'єкт Dog\n                       \u002F\u002F ptr->vptr все ще вказує на vtable Dog!\n    \n    ptr->speak();  \u002F\u002F Викличе Dog::speak()\n    \n    return 0;\n}\n","VPtrDemo.cpp",[5269,7706,7707,7713,7717,7721,7747,7751,7755,7767,7771,7775,7803,7807,7811,7819,7823,7836,7849,7853,7874,7879,7883,7899,7903,7911],{"__ignoreMap":5267},[5272,7708,7709,7711],{"class":5274,"line":5275},[5272,7710,5297],{"class":5296},[5272,7712,7199],{"class":5300},[5272,7714,7715],{"class":5274,"line":5286},[5272,7716,5308],{"class":5307},[5272,7718,7719],{"class":5274,"line":5293},[5272,7720,5345],{"class":5296},[5272,7722,7723,7725,7727,7729,7731,7733,7735,7737,7739,7741,7743,7745],{"class":5274,"line":5304},[5272,7724,5351],{"class":5296},[5272,7726,5354],{"class":5296},[5272,7728,7216],{"class":5357},[5272,7730,7219],{"class":5307},[5272,7732,7222],{"class":5300},[5272,7734,5400],{"class":5307},[5272,7736,5404],{"class":5403},[5272,7738,5407],{"class":5307},[5272,7740,7231],{"class":5282},[5272,7742,5438],{"class":5437},[5272,7744,5441],{"class":5282},[5272,7746,6339],{"class":5307},[5272,7748,7749],{"class":5274,"line":5311},[5272,7750,5321],{"class":5307},[5272,7752,7753],{"class":5274,"line":5318},[5272,7754,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,7756,7757,7759,7761,7763,7765],{"class":5274,"line":5324},[5272,7758,5297],{"class":5296},[5272,7760,7280],{"class":5300},[5272,7762,7283],{"class":5307},[5272,7764,7286],{"class":5296},[5272,7766,7199],{"class":5300},[5272,7768,7769],{"class":5274,"line":5329},[5272,7770,5308],{"class":5307},[5272,7772,7773],{"class":5274,"line":5337},[5272,7774,5345],{"class":5296},[5272,7776,7777,7779,7781,7783,7785,7787,7789,7791,7793,7795,7797,7799,7801],{"class":5274,"line":5342},[5272,7778,7301],{"class":5296},[5272,7780,7216],{"class":5357},[5272,7782,7306],{"class":5307},[5272,7784,7309],{"class":5296},[5272,7786,7312],{"class":5307},[5272,7788,7222],{"class":5300},[5272,7790,5400],{"class":5307},[5272,7792,5404],{"class":5403},[5272,7794,5407],{"class":5307},[5272,7796,7323],{"class":5282},[5272,7798,5438],{"class":5437},[5272,7800,5441],{"class":5282},[5272,7802,6339],{"class":5307},[5272,7804,7805],{"class":5274,"line":5348},[5272,7806,5321],{"class":5307},[5272,7808,7809],{"class":5274,"line":5367},[5272,7810,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,7812,7813,7815,7817],{"class":5274,"line":5372},[5272,7814,5380],{"class":5296},[5272,7816,5383],{"class":5357},[5272,7818,5386],{"class":5307},[5272,7820,7821],{"class":5274,"line":5377},[5272,7822,5308],{"class":5307},[5272,7824,7825,7828,7830,7833],{"class":5274,"line":5389},[5272,7826,7827],{"class":5300},"    Animal",[5272,7829,5845],{"class":5403},[5272,7831,7832],{"class":5307},";",[5272,7834,7835],{"class":5314},"  \u002F\u002F a.vptr вказує на vtable Animal\n",[5272,7837,7838,7841,7844,7846],{"class":5274,"line":5394},[5272,7839,7840],{"class":5300},"    Dog",[5272,7842,7843],{"class":5403}," d",[5272,7845,7832],{"class":5307},[5272,7847,7848],{"class":5314},"     \u002F\u002F d.vptr вказує на vtable Dog\n",[5272,7850,7851],{"class":5274,"line":5416},[5272,7852,5488],{"class":5307},[5272,7854,7855,7857,7860,7863,7866,7869,7871],{"class":5274,"line":5447},[5272,7856,7827],{"class":5300},[5272,7858,7859],{"class":5296},"*",[5272,7861,7862],{"class":5403}," ptr",[5272,7864,7865],{"class":5307}," = &",[5272,7867,7868],{"class":5403},"d",[5272,7870,7832],{"class":5307},[5272,7872,7873],{"class":5314},"  \u002F\u002F ptr вказує на об'єкт Dog\n",[5272,7875,7876],{"class":5274,"line":5463},[5272,7877,7878],{"class":5314},"                       \u002F\u002F ptr->vptr все ще вказує на vtable Dog!\n",[5272,7880,7881],{"class":5274,"line":5485},[5272,7882,5488],{"class":5307},[5272,7884,7885,7888,7891,7894,7896],{"class":5274,"line":5491},[5272,7886,7887],{"class":5403},"    ptr",[5272,7889,7890],{"class":5307},"->",[5272,7892,7893],{"class":5357},"speak",[5272,7895,5748],{"class":5307},[5272,7897,7898],{"class":5314},"  \u002F\u002F Викличе Dog::speak()\n",[5272,7900,7901],{"class":5274,"line":5503},[5272,7902,5488],{"class":5307},[5272,7904,7905,7907,7909],{"class":5274,"line":6223},[5272,7906,5494],{"class":5278},[5272,7908,5498],{"class":5497},[5272,7910,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,7912,7913],{"class":5274,"line":6229},[5272,7914,5506],{"class":5307},[5257,7916,7917,7918,7920,7921,7924,7925,7927],{},"Кожен об'єкт зберігає vptr, який вказує на vtable свого класу. Навіть якщо ми адресуємо об'єкт ",[5269,7919,7625],{}," через покажчик ",[5269,7922,7923],{},"Animal*",", vptr усередині об'єкта залишається вказувати на vtable ",[5269,7926,7625],{},".",[7929,7930,7932,7938,7957,7961,7964,8388,8399,8402,8407,8436,8441,8451,8564,8571,8575,8579,8582,8617,8620,8628,8657,8663,8695,8701,8715,8718,8729,8878,8882,8885,8913,8916,8938,8941,9035,9039,9043,9046,9310,9325,9336,9354,9358,9365,9372,9398,9405,9423,9431,9453,9460,9474,9675,9690,9697,9708,9712,9716,9719,9724,9731,9913,9924,9934,9939,9942,9950,9956,9968,9973,9980,10069,10072,10078,10082,10087,10090,10101,10115,10120,10130,10329,10334,10341,10346,10349,10369,10372,10383,10394,10398,10525,10529,10778,10781,10807,10811,10815,10825,10915,10937,10945,10951,11057,11063,11067],"debugger-view",{"title":7931},"Структура поліморфного об'єкта в пам'яті",[7933,7934],"debugger-var",{"name":7935,"type":7936,"value":7937},"Dog object","struct","vptr → vtable Dog | data fields...",[5257,7939,7940,7941,7944,7945,7947,7948,7951,7952,7954,7955,7927],{},"Ось чому при виклику ",[5269,7942,7943],{},"ptr->speak()"," виконається ",[5269,7946,7633],{},", а не ",[5269,7949,7950],{},"Animal::speak()"," — компілятор генерує код, що читає vptr із об'єкта, знаходить адресу ",[5269,7953,7629],{}," у vtable і викликає саме ",[5269,7956,7633],{},[5656,7958,7960],{"id":7959},"структура-памяті-поліморфного-обєкта","Структура пам'яті поліморфного об'єкта",[5257,7962,7963],{},"Розглянемо клас із полями даних та віртуальними методами:",[5261,7965,7968],{"className":5263,"code":7966,"filename":7967,"language":5266,"meta":5267,"style":5267},"#include \u003Ciostream>\n\nclass Shape\n{\nprivate:\n    int id;\n    double x, y;\n\npublic:\n    Shape(int i, double px, double py) : id(i), x(px), y(py) {}\n    \n    virtual double getArea() const = 0;\n    virtual void draw() const { \u002F* ... *\u002F }\n};\n\nclass Circle : public Shape\n{\nprivate:\n    double radius;\n\npublic:\n    Circle(int i, double px, double py, double r)\n        : Shape(i, px, py), radius(r) {}\n    \n    double getArea() const override\n    {\n        return 3.14159 * radius * radius;\n    }\n};\n\nint main()\n{\n    std::cout \u003C\u003C \"sizeof(Shape) = \" \u003C\u003C sizeof(Shape) \u003C\u003C \" байт\\n\";\n    std::cout \u003C\u003C \"sizeof(Circle) = \" \u003C\u003C sizeof(Circle) \u003C\u003C \" байт\\n\";\n    \n    return 0;\n}\n","MemoryLayout.cpp",[5269,7969,7970,7976,7980,7987,7991,7996,8005,8018,8022,8026,8086,8090,8111,8133,8137,8141,8154,8158,8162,8171,8175,8179,8211,8243,8247,8260,8265,8283,8287,8291,8295,8303,8307,8338,8370,8374,8383],{"__ignoreMap":5267},[5272,7971,7972,7974],{"class":5274,"line":5275},[5272,7973,5279],{"class":5278},[5272,7975,5283],{"class":5282},[5272,7977,7978],{"class":5274,"line":5286},[5272,7979,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,7981,7982,7984],{"class":5274,"line":5293},[5272,7983,5297],{"class":5296},[5272,7985,7986],{"class":5300}," Shape\n",[5272,7988,7989],{"class":5274,"line":5304},[5272,7990,5308],{"class":5307},[5272,7992,7993],{"class":5274,"line":5311},[5272,7994,7995],{"class":5296},"private:\n",[5272,7997,7998,8000,8003],{"class":5274,"line":5318},[5272,7999,5945],{"class":5296},[5272,8001,8002],{"class":5403}," id",[5272,8004,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,8006,8007,8010,8012,8014,8016],{"class":5274,"line":5324},[5272,8008,8009],{"class":5296},"    double",[5272,8011,5948],{"class":5403},[5272,8013,5848],{"class":5307},[5272,8015,5959],{"class":5403},[5272,8017,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,8019,8020],{"class":5274,"line":5329},[5272,8021,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,8023,8024],{"class":5274,"line":5337},[5272,8025,5345],{"class":5296},[5272,8027,8028,8031,8033,8035,8038,8040,8043,8046,8048,8050,8053,8056,8059,8061,8064,8067,8069,8071,8074,8076,8078,8080,8083],{"class":5274,"line":5342},[5272,8029,8030],{"class":5357},"    Shape",[5272,8032,5425],{"class":5307},[5272,8034,5380],{"class":5296},[5272,8036,8037],{"class":5403}," i",[5272,8039,5848],{"class":5307},[5272,8041,8042],{"class":5296},"double",[5272,8044,8045],{"class":5403}," px",[5272,8047,5848],{"class":5307},[5272,8049,8042],{"class":5296},[5272,8051,8052],{"class":5403}," py",[5272,8054,8055],{"class":5307},") : ",[5272,8057,8058],{"class":5357},"id",[5272,8060,5425],{"class":5307},[5272,8062,8063],{"class":5403},"i",[5272,8065,8066],{"class":5307},"), ",[5272,8068,5998],{"class":5357},[5272,8070,5425],{"class":5307},[5272,8072,8073],{"class":5403},"px",[5272,8075,8066],{"class":5307},[5272,8077,5959],{"class":5357},[5272,8079,5425],{"class":5307},[5272,8081,8082],{"class":5403},"py",[5272,8084,8085],{"class":5307},") {}\n",[5272,8087,8088],{"class":5274,"line":5348},[5272,8089,5488],{"class":5307},[5272,8091,8092,8094,8097,8100,8102,8105,8107,8109],{"class":5274,"line":5367},[5272,8093,5351],{"class":5296},[5272,8095,8096],{"class":5296}," double",[5272,8098,8099],{"class":5357}," getArea",[5272,8101,7306],{"class":5307},[5272,8103,8104],{"class":5296},"const",[5272,8106,5951],{"class":5307},[5272,8108,6531],{"class":5497},[5272,8110,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,8112,8113,8115,8117,8120,8122,8124,8127,8130],{"class":5274,"line":5372},[5272,8114,5351],{"class":5296},[5272,8116,5354],{"class":5296},[5272,8118,8119],{"class":5357}," draw",[5272,8121,7306],{"class":5307},[5272,8123,8104],{"class":5296},[5272,8125,8126],{"class":5307}," {",[5272,8128,8129],{"class":5314}," \u002F* ... *\u002F",[5272,8131,8132],{"class":5307}," }\n",[5272,8134,8135],{"class":5274,"line":5377},[5272,8136,5321],{"class":5307},[5272,8138,8139],{"class":5274,"line":5389},[5272,8140,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,8142,8143,8145,8148,8150,8152],{"class":5274,"line":5394},[5272,8144,5297],{"class":5296},[5272,8146,8147],{"class":5300}," Circle",[5272,8149,7283],{"class":5307},[5272,8151,7286],{"class":5296},[5272,8153,7986],{"class":5300},[5272,8155,8156],{"class":5274,"line":5416},[5272,8157,5308],{"class":5307},[5272,8159,8160],{"class":5274,"line":5447},[5272,8161,7995],{"class":5296},[5272,8163,8164,8166,8169],{"class":5274,"line":5463},[5272,8165,8009],{"class":5296},[5272,8167,8168],{"class":5403}," radius",[5272,8170,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,8172,8173],{"class":5274,"line":5485},[5272,8174,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,8176,8177],{"class":5274,"line":5491},[5272,8178,5345],{"class":5296},[5272,8180,8181,8184,8186,8188,8190,8192,8194,8196,8198,8200,8202,8204,8206,8209],{"class":5274,"line":5503},[5272,8182,8183],{"class":5357},"    Circle",[5272,8185,5425],{"class":5307},[5272,8187,5380],{"class":5296},[5272,8189,8037],{"class":5403},[5272,8191,5848],{"class":5307},[5272,8193,8042],{"class":5296},[5272,8195,8045],{"class":5403},[5272,8197,5848],{"class":5307},[5272,8199,8042],{"class":5296},[5272,8201,8052],{"class":5403},[5272,8203,5848],{"class":5307},[5272,8205,8042],{"class":5296},[5272,8207,8208],{"class":5403}," r",[5272,8210,5856],{"class":5307},[5272,8212,8213,8216,8219,8221,8223,8225,8227,8229,8231,8233,8236,8238,8241],{"class":5274,"line":6223},[5272,8214,8215],{"class":5307},"        : ",[5272,8217,8218],{"class":5357},"Shape",[5272,8220,5425],{"class":5307},[5272,8222,8063],{"class":5403},[5272,8224,5848],{"class":5307},[5272,8226,8073],{"class":5403},[5272,8228,5848],{"class":5307},[5272,8230,8082],{"class":5403},[5272,8232,8066],{"class":5307},[5272,8234,8235],{"class":5357},"radius",[5272,8237,5425],{"class":5307},[5272,8239,8240],{"class":5403},"r",[5272,8242,8085],{"class":5307},[5272,8244,8245],{"class":5274,"line":6229},[5272,8246,5488],{"class":5307},[5272,8248,8249,8251,8253,8255,8257],{"class":5274,"line":6235},[5272,8250,8009],{"class":5296},[5272,8252,8099],{"class":5357},[5272,8254,7306],{"class":5307},[5272,8256,8104],{"class":5296},[5272,8258,8259],{"class":5296}," override\n",[5272,8261,8262],{"class":5274,"line":6240},[5272,8263,8264],{"class":5307},"    {\n",[5272,8266,8267,8270,8273,8275,8277,8279,8281],{"class":5274,"line":6245},[5272,8268,8269],{"class":5278},"        return",[5272,8271,8272],{"class":5497}," 3.14159",[5272,8274,6397],{"class":5307},[5272,8276,8235],{"class":5403},[5272,8278,6397],{"class":5307},[5272,8280,8235],{"class":5403},[5272,8282,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,8284,8285],{"class":5274,"line":6251},[5272,8286,7104],{"class":5307},[5272,8288,8289],{"class":5274,"line":6257},[5272,8290,5321],{"class":5307},[5272,8292,8293],{"class":5274,"line":6263},[5272,8294,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,8296,8297,8299,8301],{"class":5274,"line":6269},[5272,8298,5380],{"class":5296},[5272,8300,5383],{"class":5357},[5272,8302,5386],{"class":5307},[5272,8304,8305],{"class":5274,"line":6275},[5272,8306,5308],{"class":5307},[5272,8308,8309,8311,8313,8315,8317,8320,8322,8324,8326,8328,8330,8332,8334,8336],{"class":5274,"line":6280},[5272,8310,5397],{"class":5300},[5272,8312,5400],{"class":5307},[5272,8314,5404],{"class":5403},[5272,8316,5407],{"class":5307},[5272,8318,8319],{"class":5282},"\"sizeof(Shape) = \"",[5272,8321,5407],{"class":5307},[5272,8323,5422],{"class":5296},[5272,8325,5425],{"class":5307},[5272,8327,8218],{"class":5403},[5272,8329,5431],{"class":5307},[5272,8331,5434],{"class":5282},[5272,8333,5438],{"class":5437},[5272,8335,5441],{"class":5282},[5272,8337,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,8339,8340,8342,8344,8346,8348,8351,8353,8355,8357,8360,8362,8364,8366,8368],{"class":5274,"line":7119},[5272,8341,5397],{"class":5300},[5272,8343,5400],{"class":5307},[5272,8345,5404],{"class":5403},[5272,8347,5407],{"class":5307},[5272,8349,8350],{"class":5282},"\"sizeof(Circle) = \"",[5272,8352,5407],{"class":5307},[5272,8354,5422],{"class":5296},[5272,8356,5425],{"class":5307},[5272,8358,8359],{"class":5403},"Circle",[5272,8361,5431],{"class":5307},[5272,8363,5434],{"class":5282},[5272,8365,5438],{"class":5437},[5272,8367,5441],{"class":5282},[5272,8369,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,8371,8372],{"class":5274,"line":7596},[5272,8373,5488],{"class":5307},[5272,8375,8377,8379,8381],{"class":5274,"line":8376},36,[5272,8378,5494],{"class":5278},[5272,8380,5498],{"class":5497},[5272,8382,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,8384,8386],{"class":5274,"line":8385},37,[5272,8387,5506],{"class":5307},[5508,8389,8391,8395],{"title":8390},".\u002FMemoryLayout (64-бітна система)",[5512,8392,8394],{"className":8393},[5274],"sizeof(Shape) = 32 байт",[5512,8396,8398],{"className":8397},[5274],"sizeof(Circle) = 40 байт",[5257,8400,8401],{},"Розберемо структуру пам'яті:",[5257,8403,8404],{},[5536,8405,8406],{},"Shape (32 байти):",[5572,8408,8409,8412,8418,8425,8431],{},[5575,8410,8411],{},"8 байт — vptr (покажчик на vtable)",[5575,8413,8414,8415],{},"4 байти — ",[5269,8416,8417],{},"int id",[5575,8419,8420,8421,8424],{},"4 байти — вирівнювання (",[5545,8422,8423],{},"padding",")",[5575,8426,8427,8428],{},"8 байт — ",[5269,8429,8430],{},"double x",[5575,8432,8427,8433],{},[5269,8434,8435],{},"double y",[5257,8437,8438],{},[5536,8439,8440],{},"Circle (40 байт):",[5572,8442,8443,8446],{},[5575,8444,8445],{},"32 байти — частина Shape (включно з vptr)",[5575,8447,8427,8448],{},[5269,8449,8450],{},"double radius",[6106,8452,8454],{"alt":8453},"Розташування vptr та полів даних в пам'яті",[5261,8455,8457],{"className":6111,"code":8456,"language":6113,"meta":5267,"style":5267},"@startuml\nskinparam style plain\nskinparam backgroundColor #FFFFFF\n\npackage \"Об'єкт Circle у пам'яті\" {\n    rectangle \"vptr (8 байт)\" #DBEAFE\n    rectangle \"id (4 байт)\" #E2E8F0\n    rectangle \"padding (4 байт)\" #F3F4F6\n    rectangle \"x (8 байт)\" #E2E8F0\n    rectangle \"y (8 байт)\" #E2E8F0\n    rectangle \"radius (8 байт)\" #DCFCE7\n}\n\nnote right of \"vptr (8 байт)\" #DBEAFE\n  Покажчик на vtable Circle\n  Автоматично додається компілятором\nend note\n\nnote right of \"radius (8 байт)\" #DCFCE7\n  Поля похідного класу\n  йдуть після полів базового\nend note\n@enduml\n",[5269,8458,8459,8463,8467,8471,8475,8480,8485,8490,8495,8500,8505,8510,8514,8518,8523,8528,8533,8537,8541,8546,8551,8556,8560],{"__ignoreMap":5267},[5272,8460,8461],{"class":5274,"line":5275},[5272,8462,6120],{},[5272,8464,8465],{"class":5274,"line":5286},[5272,8466,6125],{},[5272,8468,8469],{"class":5274,"line":5293},[5272,8470,6130],{},[5272,8472,8473],{"class":5274,"line":5304},[5272,8474,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,8476,8477],{"class":5274,"line":5311},[5272,8478,8479],{},"package \"Об'єкт Circle у пам'яті\" {\n",[5272,8481,8482],{"class":5274,"line":5318},[5272,8483,8484],{},"    rectangle \"vptr (8 байт)\" #DBEAFE\n",[5272,8486,8487],{"class":5274,"line":5324},[5272,8488,8489],{},"    rectangle \"id (4 байт)\" #E2E8F0\n",[5272,8491,8492],{"class":5274,"line":5329},[5272,8493,8494],{},"    rectangle \"padding (4 байт)\" #F3F4F6\n",[5272,8496,8497],{"class":5274,"line":5337},[5272,8498,8499],{},"    rectangle \"x (8 байт)\" #E2E8F0\n",[5272,8501,8502],{"class":5274,"line":5342},[5272,8503,8504],{},"    rectangle \"y (8 байт)\" #E2E8F0\n",[5272,8506,8507],{"class":5274,"line":5348},[5272,8508,8509],{},"    rectangle \"radius (8 байт)\" #DCFCE7\n",[5272,8511,8512],{"class":5274,"line":5367},[5272,8513,5506],{},[5272,8515,8516],{"class":5274,"line":5372},[5272,8517,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,8519,8520],{"class":5274,"line":5377},[5272,8521,8522],{},"note right of \"vptr (8 байт)\" #DBEAFE\n",[5272,8524,8525],{"class":5274,"line":5389},[5272,8526,8527],{},"  Покажчик на vtable Circle\n",[5272,8529,8530],{"class":5274,"line":5394},[5272,8531,8532],{},"  Автоматично додається компілятором\n",[5272,8534,8535],{"class":5274,"line":5416},[5272,8536,6178],{},[5272,8538,8539],{"class":5274,"line":5447},[5272,8540,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,8542,8543],{"class":5274,"line":5463},[5272,8544,8545],{},"note right of \"radius (8 байт)\" #DCFCE7\n",[5272,8547,8548],{"class":5274,"line":5485},[5272,8549,8550],{},"  Поля похідного класу\n",[5272,8552,8553],{"class":5274,"line":5491},[5272,8554,8555],{},"  йдуть після полів базового\n",[5272,8557,8558],{"class":5274,"line":5503},[5272,8559,6178],{},[5272,8561,8562],{"class":5274,"line":6223},[5272,8563,6283],{},[5257,8565,8566,8567,8570],{},"Зверніть увагу: ",[5536,8568,8569],{},"vptr зазвичай розміщується на початку об'єкта"," (хоча стандарт C++ не гарантує це — залежить від компілятора). Це забезпечує ефективний доступ до vtable без додаткових обчислень зміщень.",[5252,8572,8574],{"id":8573},"алгоритм-виклику-віртуального-методу","Алгоритм виклику віртуального методу",[5656,8576,8578],{"id":8577},"покрокова-диспетчеризація","Покрокова диспетчеризація",[5257,8580,8581],{},"Тепер розберемо, що саме відбувається під час виклику віртуального методу. Розглянемо код:",[5261,8583,8585],{"className":5263,"code":8584,"language":5266,"meta":5267,"style":5267},"Animal* ptr = new Dog();\nptr->speak();\n",[5269,8586,8587,8607],{"__ignoreMap":5267},[5272,8588,8589,8591,8594,8597,8599,8602,8604],{"class":5274,"line":5275},[5272,8590,7615],{"class":5403},[5272,8592,8593],{"class":5307},"* ",[5272,8595,8596],{"class":5403},"ptr",[5272,8598,5951],{"class":5307},[5272,8600,8601],{"class":5278},"new",[5272,8603,7280],{"class":5357},[5272,8605,8606],{"class":5307},"();\n",[5272,8608,8609,8611,8613,8615],{"class":5274,"line":5286},[5272,8610,8596],{"class":5403},[5272,8612,7890],{"class":5307},[5272,8614,7893],{"class":5357},[5272,8616,8606],{"class":5307},[5257,8618,8619],{},"Компілятор генерує приблизно такий алгоритм:",[5257,8621,8622,8625,8626],{},[5536,8623,8624],{},"Крок 1",": Читає vptr із об'єкта, на який вказує ",[5269,8627,8596],{},[5261,8629,8631],{"className":5263,"code":8630,"language":5266,"meta":5267,"style":5267},"\u002F\u002F Приблизний псевдокод\nvtable* objVTable = ptr->vptr;\n",[5269,8632,8633,8638],{"__ignoreMap":5267},[5272,8634,8635],{"class":5274,"line":5275},[5272,8636,8637],{"class":5314},"\u002F\u002F Приблизний псевдокод\n",[5272,8639,8640,8642,8644,8647,8649,8651,8653,8655],{"class":5274,"line":5286},[5272,8641,5551],{"class":5403},[5272,8643,8593],{"class":5307},[5272,8645,8646],{"class":5403},"objVTable",[5272,8648,5951],{"class":5307},[5272,8650,8596],{"class":5403},[5272,8652,7890],{"class":5307},[5272,8654,5561],{"class":5403},[5272,8656,5444],{"class":5307},[5257,8658,8659,8662],{},[5536,8660,8661],{},"Крок 2",": Знаходить потрібний метод у vtable за індексом",[5261,8664,8666],{"className":5263,"code":8665,"language":5266,"meta":5267,"style":5267},"\u002F\u002F speak() має індекс 0 у vtable\nvoid (*speakFunc)() = objVTable[0];\n",[5269,8667,8668,8673],{"__ignoreMap":5267},[5272,8669,8670],{"class":5274,"line":5275},[5272,8671,8672],{"class":5314},"\u002F\u002F speak() має індекс 0 у vtable\n",[5272,8674,8675,8677,8679,8682,8685,8687,8690,8692],{"class":5274,"line":5286},[5272,8676,5692],{"class":5296},[5272,8678,6934],{"class":5307},[5272,8680,8681],{"class":5403},"speakFunc",[5272,8683,8684],{"class":5307},")() = ",[5272,8686,8646],{"class":5403},[5272,8688,8689],{"class":5307},"[",[5272,8691,6531],{"class":5497},[5272,8693,8694],{"class":5307},"];\n",[5257,8696,8697,8700],{},[5536,8698,8699],{},"Крок 3",": Викликає функцію за знайденою адресою",[5261,8702,8704],{"className":5263,"code":8703,"language":5266,"meta":5267,"style":5267},"speakFunc();  \u002F\u002F Непрямий виклик\n",[5269,8705,8706],{"__ignoreMap":5267},[5272,8707,8708,8710,8712],{"class":5274,"line":5275},[5272,8709,8681],{"class":5357},[5272,8711,5748],{"class":5307},[5272,8713,8714],{"class":5314},"  \u002F\u002F Непрямий виклик\n",[5257,8716,8717],{},"Це три додаткові операції порівняно з прямим викликом:",[7133,8719,8720,8723,8726],{},[5575,8721,8722],{},"Читання vptr з пам'яті",[5575,8724,8725],{},"Індексація масиву vtable",[5575,8727,8728],{},"Непрямий виклик через покажчик",[6106,8730,8732],{"alt":8731},"Алгоритм виклику ptr->speak() через vtable",[5261,8733,8735],{"className":6111,"code":8734,"language":6113,"meta":5267,"style":5267},"@startuml\nskinparam style plain\nskinparam backgroundColor #FFFFFF\n\nparticipant \"Код програми\" as Code #E2E8F0\nparticipant \"Об'єкт Dog\" as Obj #DBEAFE\nparticipant \"vtable Dog\" as VTable #DCFCE7\nparticipant \"Функція Dog::speak()\" as Func #FEF3C7\n\nCode -> Obj : ptr->speak()\nnote right of Code #E2E8F0\n  Виклик через покажчик Animal*\nend note\n\nObj -> Obj : Читає vptr\nnote over Obj #DBEAFE\n  vptr вказує на vtable Dog\nend note\n\nObj -> VTable : Доступ до vtable[0]\nnote over VTable #DCFCE7\n  vtable[0] = адреса Dog::speak()\nend note\n\nVTable -> Func : Непрямий виклик\nnote over Func #FEF3C7\n  Виконується Dog::speak()\nend note\n\nFunc --> Code : Повернення результату\n@enduml\n",[5269,8736,8737,8741,8745,8749,8753,8758,8763,8768,8773,8777,8782,8787,8792,8796,8800,8805,8810,8815,8819,8823,8828,8833,8838,8842,8846,8851,8856,8861,8865,8869,8874],{"__ignoreMap":5267},[5272,8738,8739],{"class":5274,"line":5275},[5272,8740,6120],{},[5272,8742,8743],{"class":5274,"line":5286},[5272,8744,6125],{},[5272,8746,8747],{"class":5274,"line":5293},[5272,8748,6130],{},[5272,8750,8751],{"class":5274,"line":5304},[5272,8752,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,8754,8755],{"class":5274,"line":5311},[5272,8756,8757],{},"participant \"Код програми\" as Code #E2E8F0\n",[5272,8759,8760],{"class":5274,"line":5318},[5272,8761,8762],{},"participant \"Об'єкт Dog\" as Obj #DBEAFE\n",[5272,8764,8765],{"class":5274,"line":5324},[5272,8766,8767],{},"participant \"vtable Dog\" as VTable #DCFCE7\n",[5272,8769,8770],{"class":5274,"line":5329},[5272,8771,8772],{},"participant \"Функція Dog::speak()\" as Func #FEF3C7\n",[5272,8774,8775],{"class":5274,"line":5337},[5272,8776,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,8778,8779],{"class":5274,"line":5342},[5272,8780,8781],{},"Code -> Obj : ptr->speak()\n",[5272,8783,8784],{"class":5274,"line":5348},[5272,8785,8786],{},"note right of Code #E2E8F0\n",[5272,8788,8789],{"class":5274,"line":5367},[5272,8790,8791],{},"  Виклик через покажчик Animal*\n",[5272,8793,8794],{"class":5274,"line":5372},[5272,8795,6178],{},[5272,8797,8798],{"class":5274,"line":5377},[5272,8799,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,8801,8802],{"class":5274,"line":5389},[5272,8803,8804],{},"Obj -> Obj : Читає vptr\n",[5272,8806,8807],{"class":5274,"line":5394},[5272,8808,8809],{},"note over Obj #DBEAFE\n",[5272,8811,8812],{"class":5274,"line":5416},[5272,8813,8814],{},"  vptr вказує на vtable Dog\n",[5272,8816,8817],{"class":5274,"line":5447},[5272,8818,6178],{},[5272,8820,8821],{"class":5274,"line":5463},[5272,8822,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,8824,8825],{"class":5274,"line":5485},[5272,8826,8827],{},"Obj -> VTable : Доступ до vtable[0]\n",[5272,8829,8830],{"class":5274,"line":5491},[5272,8831,8832],{},"note over VTable #DCFCE7\n",[5272,8834,8835],{"class":5274,"line":5503},[5272,8836,8837],{},"  vtable[0] = адреса Dog::speak()\n",[5272,8839,8840],{"class":5274,"line":6223},[5272,8841,6178],{},[5272,8843,8844],{"class":5274,"line":6229},[5272,8845,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,8847,8848],{"class":5274,"line":6235},[5272,8849,8850],{},"VTable -> Func : Непрямий виклик\n",[5272,8852,8853],{"class":5274,"line":6240},[5272,8854,8855],{},"note over Func #FEF3C7\n",[5272,8857,8858],{"class":5274,"line":6245},[5272,8859,8860],{},"  Виконується Dog::speak()\n",[5272,8862,8863],{"class":5274,"line":6251},[5272,8864,6178],{},[5272,8866,8867],{"class":5274,"line":6257},[5272,8868,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,8870,8871],{"class":5274,"line":6263},[5272,8872,8873],{},"Func --> Code : Повернення результату\n",[5272,8875,8876],{"class":5274,"line":6269},[5272,8877,6283],{},[5656,8879,8881],{"id":8880},"порівняння-з-прямим-викликом","Порівняння з прямим викликом",[5257,8883,8884],{},"Для порівняння, прямий виклик (раннє зв'язування) набагато простіший:",[5261,8886,8888],{"className":5263,"code":8887,"language":5266,"meta":5267,"style":5267},"Dog dog;\ndog.speak();  \u002F\u002F Пряме зв'язування\n",[5269,8889,8890,8899],{"__ignoreMap":5267},[5272,8891,8892,8894,8897],{"class":5274,"line":5275},[5272,8893,7625],{"class":5403},[5272,8895,8896],{"class":5403}," dog",[5272,8898,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,8900,8901,8904,8906,8908,8910],{"class":5274,"line":5286},[5272,8902,8903],{"class":5403},"dog",[5272,8905,7927],{"class":5307},[5272,8907,7893],{"class":5357},[5272,8909,5748],{"class":5307},[5272,8911,8912],{"class":5314},"  \u002F\u002F Пряме зв'язування\n",[5257,8914,8915],{},"Компілятор генерує:",[5261,8917,8919],{"className":5263,"code":8918,"language":5266,"meta":5267,"style":5267},"call Dog::speak()  \u002F\u002F Прямий перехід за адресою\n",[5269,8920,8921],{"__ignoreMap":5267},[5272,8922,8923,8926,8928,8930,8932,8935],{"class":5274,"line":5275},[5272,8924,8925],{"class":5300},"call",[5272,8927,7280],{"class":5300},[5272,8929,5400],{"class":5307},[5272,8931,7893],{"class":5357},[5272,8933,8934],{"class":5307},"()",[5272,8936,8937],{"class":5314},"  \u002F\u002F Прямий перехід за адресою\n",[5257,8939,8940],{},"Одна операція замість трьох — ось чому невіртуальні виклики швидші.",[8942,8943,8944,8998],"code-group",{},[5261,8945,8948],{"className":5263,"code":8946,"filename":8947,"language":5266,"meta":5267,"style":5267},"Animal* ptr = &dog;\nptr->speak();\n\n\u002F\u002F Згенерований код:\n\u002F\u002F 1. mov rax, [ptr]       ; Отримати адресу об'єкта\n\u002F\u002F 2. mov rax, [rax]       ; Прочитати vptr\n\u002F\u002F 3. call [rax + offset]  ; Викликати через vtable\n","Віртуальний виклик (3 операції)",[5269,8949,8950,8964,8974,8978,8983,8988,8993],{"__ignoreMap":5267},[5272,8951,8952,8954,8956,8958,8960,8962],{"class":5274,"line":5275},[5272,8953,7615],{"class":5403},[5272,8955,8593],{"class":5307},[5272,8957,8596],{"class":5403},[5272,8959,7865],{"class":5307},[5272,8961,8903],{"class":5403},[5272,8963,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,8965,8966,8968,8970,8972],{"class":5274,"line":5286},[5272,8967,8596],{"class":5403},[5272,8969,7890],{"class":5307},[5272,8971,7893],{"class":5357},[5272,8973,8606],{"class":5307},[5272,8975,8976],{"class":5274,"line":5293},[5272,8977,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,8979,8980],{"class":5274,"line":5304},[5272,8981,8982],{"class":5314},"\u002F\u002F Згенерований код:\n",[5272,8984,8985],{"class":5274,"line":5311},[5272,8986,8987],{"class":5314},"\u002F\u002F 1. mov rax, [ptr]       ; Отримати адресу об'єкта\n",[5272,8989,8990],{"class":5274,"line":5318},[5272,8991,8992],{"class":5314},"\u002F\u002F 2. mov rax, [rax]       ; Прочитати vptr\n",[5272,8994,8995],{"class":5274,"line":5324},[5272,8996,8997],{"class":5314},"\u002F\u002F 3. call [rax + offset]  ; Викликати через vtable\n",[5261,8999,9002],{"className":5263,"code":9000,"filename":9001,"language":5266,"meta":5267,"style":5267},"Dog dog;\ndog.speak();\n\n\u002F\u002F Згенерований код:\n\u002F\u002F 1. call Dog::speak()    ; Прямий виклик\n","Прямий виклик (1 операція)",[5269,9003,9004,9012,9022,9026,9030],{"__ignoreMap":5267},[5272,9005,9006,9008,9010],{"class":5274,"line":5275},[5272,9007,7625],{"class":5403},[5272,9009,8896],{"class":5403},[5272,9011,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,9013,9014,9016,9018,9020],{"class":5274,"line":5286},[5272,9015,8903],{"class":5403},[5272,9017,7927],{"class":5307},[5272,9019,7893],{"class":5357},[5272,9021,8606],{"class":5307},[5272,9023,9024],{"class":5274,"line":5293},[5272,9025,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,9027,9028],{"class":5274,"line":5304},[5272,9029,8982],{"class":5314},[5272,9031,9032],{"class":5274,"line":5311},[5272,9033,9034],{"class":5314},"\u002F\u002F 1. call Dog::speak()    ; Прямий виклик\n",[5252,9036,9038],{"id":9037},"чому-віртуальні-функції-не-працюють-у-конструкторах","Чому віртуальні функції не працюють у конструкторах",[5656,9040,9042],{"id":9041},"проблема-неповного-обєкта","Проблема неповного об'єкта",[5257,9044,9045],{},"Одна з найпідступніших пасток віртуальних функцій — їх поведінка в конструкторах та деструкторах. Розглянемо приклад:",[5261,9047,9050],{"className":5263,"code":9048,"filename":9049,"language":5266,"meta":5267,"style":5267},"#include \u003Ciostream>\n\nclass Base\n{\npublic:\n    Base()\n    {\n        std::cout \u003C\u003C \"Конструктор Base, виклик identify(): \";\n        identify();  \u002F\u002F Виклик віртуального методу\n    }\n    \n    virtual void identify() const\n    {\n        std::cout \u003C\u003C \"Я Base\\n\";\n    }\n};\n\nclass Derived : public Base\n{\npublic:\n    Derived()\n    {\n        std::cout \u003C\u003C \"Конструктор Derived, виклик identify(): \";\n        identify();\n    }\n    \n    void identify() const override\n    {\n        std::cout \u003C\u003C \"Я Derived\\n\";\n    }\n};\n\nint main()\n{\n    Derived d;\n    return 0;\n}\n","VirtualInConstructor.cpp",[5269,9051,9052,9058,9062,9069,9073,9077,9084,9088,9103,9113,9117,9121,9135,9139,9158,9162,9166,9170,9183,9187,9191,9198,9202,9217,9223,9227,9231,9243,9247,9266,9270,9274,9278,9286,9290,9298,9306],{"__ignoreMap":5267},[5272,9053,9054,9056],{"class":5274,"line":5275},[5272,9055,5279],{"class":5278},[5272,9057,5283],{"class":5282},[5272,9059,9060],{"class":5274,"line":5286},[5272,9061,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,9063,9064,9066],{"class":5274,"line":5293},[5272,9065,5297],{"class":5296},[5272,9067,9068],{"class":5300}," Base\n",[5272,9070,9071],{"class":5274,"line":5304},[5272,9072,5308],{"class":5307},[5272,9074,9075],{"class":5274,"line":5311},[5272,9076,5345],{"class":5296},[5272,9078,9079,9082],{"class":5274,"line":5318},[5272,9080,9081],{"class":5357},"    Base",[5272,9083,5386],{"class":5307},[5272,9085,9086],{"class":5274,"line":5324},[5272,9087,8264],{"class":5307},[5272,9089,9090,9092,9094,9096,9098,9101],{"class":5274,"line":5329},[5272,9091,6538],{"class":5300},[5272,9093,5400],{"class":5307},[5272,9095,5404],{"class":5403},[5272,9097,5407],{"class":5307},[5272,9099,9100],{"class":5282},"\"Конструктор Base, виклик identify(): \"",[5272,9102,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,9104,9105,9108,9110],{"class":5274,"line":5337},[5272,9106,9107],{"class":5357},"        identify",[5272,9109,5748],{"class":5307},[5272,9111,9112],{"class":5314},"  \u002F\u002F Виклик віртуального методу\n",[5272,9114,9115],{"class":5274,"line":5342},[5272,9116,7104],{"class":5307},[5272,9118,9119],{"class":5274,"line":5348},[5272,9120,5488],{"class":5307},[5272,9122,9123,9125,9127,9130,9132],{"class":5274,"line":5367},[5272,9124,5351],{"class":5296},[5272,9126,5354],{"class":5296},[5272,9128,9129],{"class":5357}," identify",[5272,9131,7306],{"class":5307},[5272,9133,9134],{"class":5296},"const\n",[5272,9136,9137],{"class":5274,"line":5372},[5272,9138,8264],{"class":5307},[5272,9140,9141,9143,9145,9147,9149,9152,9154,9156],{"class":5274,"line":5377},[5272,9142,6538],{"class":5300},[5272,9144,5400],{"class":5307},[5272,9146,5404],{"class":5403},[5272,9148,5407],{"class":5307},[5272,9150,9151],{"class":5282},"\"Я Base",[5272,9153,5438],{"class":5437},[5272,9155,5441],{"class":5282},[5272,9157,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,9159,9160],{"class":5274,"line":5389},[5272,9161,7104],{"class":5307},[5272,9163,9164],{"class":5274,"line":5394},[5272,9165,5321],{"class":5307},[5272,9167,9168],{"class":5274,"line":5416},[5272,9169,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,9171,9172,9174,9177,9179,9181],{"class":5274,"line":5447},[5272,9173,5297],{"class":5296},[5272,9175,9176],{"class":5300}," Derived",[5272,9178,7283],{"class":5307},[5272,9180,7286],{"class":5296},[5272,9182,9068],{"class":5300},[5272,9184,9185],{"class":5274,"line":5463},[5272,9186,5308],{"class":5307},[5272,9188,9189],{"class":5274,"line":5485},[5272,9190,5345],{"class":5296},[5272,9192,9193,9196],{"class":5274,"line":5491},[5272,9194,9195],{"class":5357},"    Derived",[5272,9197,5386],{"class":5307},[5272,9199,9200],{"class":5274,"line":5503},[5272,9201,8264],{"class":5307},[5272,9203,9204,9206,9208,9210,9212,9215],{"class":5274,"line":6223},[5272,9205,6538],{"class":5300},[5272,9207,5400],{"class":5307},[5272,9209,5404],{"class":5403},[5272,9211,5407],{"class":5307},[5272,9213,9214],{"class":5282},"\"Конструктор Derived, виклик identify(): \"",[5272,9216,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,9218,9219,9221],{"class":5274,"line":6229},[5272,9220,9107],{"class":5357},[5272,9222,8606],{"class":5307},[5272,9224,9225],{"class":5274,"line":6235},[5272,9226,7104],{"class":5307},[5272,9228,9229],{"class":5274,"line":6240},[5272,9230,5488],{"class":5307},[5272,9232,9233,9235,9237,9239,9241],{"class":5274,"line":6245},[5272,9234,7301],{"class":5296},[5272,9236,9129],{"class":5357},[5272,9238,7306],{"class":5307},[5272,9240,8104],{"class":5296},[5272,9242,8259],{"class":5296},[5272,9244,9245],{"class":5274,"line":6251},[5272,9246,8264],{"class":5307},[5272,9248,9249,9251,9253,9255,9257,9260,9262,9264],{"class":5274,"line":6257},[5272,9250,6538],{"class":5300},[5272,9252,5400],{"class":5307},[5272,9254,5404],{"class":5403},[5272,9256,5407],{"class":5307},[5272,9258,9259],{"class":5282},"\"Я Derived",[5272,9261,5438],{"class":5437},[5272,9263,5441],{"class":5282},[5272,9265,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,9267,9268],{"class":5274,"line":6263},[5272,9269,7104],{"class":5307},[5272,9271,9272],{"class":5274,"line":6269},[5272,9273,5321],{"class":5307},[5272,9275,9276],{"class":5274,"line":6275},[5272,9277,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,9279,9280,9282,9284],{"class":5274,"line":6280},[5272,9281,5380],{"class":5296},[5272,9283,5383],{"class":5357},[5272,9285,5386],{"class":5307},[5272,9287,9288],{"class":5274,"line":7119},[5272,9289,5308],{"class":5307},[5272,9291,9292,9294,9296],{"class":5274,"line":7596},[5272,9293,9195],{"class":5300},[5272,9295,7843],{"class":5403},[5272,9297,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,9299,9300,9302,9304],{"class":5274,"line":8376},[5272,9301,5494],{"class":5278},[5272,9303,5498],{"class":5497},[5272,9305,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,9307,9308],{"class":5274,"line":8385},[5272,9309,5506],{"class":5307},[5257,9311,9312,9313,9316,9317,9320,9321,9324],{},"Інтуїтивно здається, що обидва виклики ",[5269,9314,9315],{},"identify()"," мають виконати ",[5269,9318,9319],{},"Derived::identify()",", адже ми створюємо об'єкт ",[5269,9322,9323],{},"Derived",". Проте результат інший:",[5508,9326,9328,9332],{"title":9327},".\u002FVirtualInConstructor",[5512,9329,9331],{"className":9330},[5274],"Конструктор Base, виклик identify(): Я Base",[5512,9333,9335],{"className":9334},[5274],"Конструктор Derived, виклик identify(): Я Derived",[5257,9337,9338,9339,9341,9342,9345,9346,7947,9351,9353],{},"Перший виклик ",[5269,9340,9315],{}," у конструкторі ",[5269,9343,9344],{},"Base"," виконав ",[5536,9347,9348],{},[5269,9349,9350],{},"Base::identify()",[5269,9352,9319],{},"! Чому?",[5656,9355,9357],{"id":9356},"еволюція-vptr-під-час-конструювання","Еволюція vptr під час конструювання",[5257,9359,9360,9361,9364],{},"Ключ до розуміння — ",[5536,9362,9363],{},"порядок конструювання об'єкта"," та динамічна зміна vptr:",[5257,9366,9367],{},[5536,9368,9369,9370],{},"Етап 1: Початок конструювання ",[5269,9371,9323],{},[5572,9373,9374,9380,9388],{},[5575,9375,9376,9377],{},"Спочатку викликається конструктор базового класу ",[5269,9378,9379],{},"Base()",[5575,9381,9382,9383],{},"vptr встановлюється на ",[5536,9384,9385,9386],{},"vtable ",[5269,9387,9344],{},[5575,9389,9390,9391,9393,9394,9397],{},"Частина ",[5269,9392,9323],{}," ще ",[5536,9395,9396],{},"не існує"," — поля не ініціалізовані, віртуальні методи недоступні",[5257,9399,9400],{},[5536,9401,9402,9403],{},"Етап 2: Виконання тіла ",[5269,9404,9379],{},[5572,9406,9407,9413,9418],{},[5575,9408,9409,9410,9412],{},"Виклик ",[5269,9411,9315],{}," дивиться на vptr",[5575,9414,9415,9416],{},"vptr вказує на vtable ",[5269,9417,9344],{},[5575,9419,9420,9421],{},"Викликається ",[5269,9422,9350],{},[5257,9424,9425],{},[5536,9426,9427,9428],{},"Етап 3: Початок тіла ",[5269,9429,9430],{},"Derived()",[5572,9432,9433,9439,9448],{},[5575,9434,9435,9436,9438],{},"Конструктор ",[5269,9437,9379],{}," завершився",[5575,9440,9441,9442,9445,9446],{},"vptr ",[5536,9443,9444],{},"перемикається"," на vtable ",[5269,9447,9323],{},[5575,9449,9450,9451],{},"Тепер об'єкт «став» ",[5269,9452,9323],{},[5257,9454,9455],{},[5536,9456,9457,9458],{},"Етап 4: Виконання тіла ",[5269,9459,9430],{},[5572,9461,9462,9466,9470],{},[5575,9463,9409,9464,9412],{},[5269,9465,9315],{},[5575,9467,9415,9468],{},[5269,9469,9323],{},[5575,9471,9420,9472],{},[5269,9473,9319],{},[6106,9475,9477],{"alt":9476},"Зміна vptr під час конструювання об'єкта Derived",[5261,9478,9480],{"className":6111,"code":9479,"language":6113,"meta":5267,"style":5267},"@startuml\nskinparam style plain\nskinparam backgroundColor #FFFFFF\n\nparticipant \"main()\" as Main\nparticipant \"Конструктор Base\" as BaseCtor #FEE2E2\nparticipant \"Конструктор Derived\" as DerivedCtor #DCFCE7\nparticipant \"vptr об'єкта\" as VPtr #DBEAFE\n\nMain -> BaseCtor : Створення Derived d\nactivate BaseCtor\n\nnote over VPtr #FCA5A5\n  vptr = vtable Base\n  (Derived ще не існує!)\nend note\n\nBaseCtor -> BaseCtor : Виклик identify()\nnote right #FEE2E2\n  vptr → vtable Base\n  Викликається Base::identify()\nend note\n\nBaseCtor --> DerivedCtor : Завершення Base()\ndeactivate BaseCtor\nactivate DerivedCtor\n\nnote over VPtr #6EE7B7\n  vptr = vtable Derived\n  (Тепер об'єкт став Derived)\nend note\n\nDerivedCtor -> DerivedCtor : Виклик identify()\nnote right #DCFCE7\n  vptr → vtable Derived\n  Викликається Derived::identify()\nend note\n\nDerivedCtor --> Main : Об'єкт повністю створено\ndeactivate DerivedCtor\n@enduml\n",[5269,9481,9482,9486,9490,9494,9498,9503,9508,9513,9518,9522,9527,9532,9536,9541,9546,9551,9555,9559,9564,9569,9574,9579,9583,9587,9592,9597,9602,9606,9611,9616,9621,9625,9629,9634,9639,9644,9649,9653,9658,9664,9670],{"__ignoreMap":5267},[5272,9483,9484],{"class":5274,"line":5275},[5272,9485,6120],{},[5272,9487,9488],{"class":5274,"line":5286},[5272,9489,6125],{},[5272,9491,9492],{"class":5274,"line":5293},[5272,9493,6130],{},[5272,9495,9496],{"class":5274,"line":5304},[5272,9497,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,9499,9500],{"class":5274,"line":5311},[5272,9501,9502],{},"participant \"main()\" as Main\n",[5272,9504,9505],{"class":5274,"line":5318},[5272,9506,9507],{},"participant \"Конструктор Base\" as BaseCtor #FEE2E2\n",[5272,9509,9510],{"class":5274,"line":5324},[5272,9511,9512],{},"participant \"Конструктор Derived\" as DerivedCtor #DCFCE7\n",[5272,9514,9515],{"class":5274,"line":5329},[5272,9516,9517],{},"participant \"vptr об'єкта\" as VPtr #DBEAFE\n",[5272,9519,9520],{"class":5274,"line":5337},[5272,9521,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,9523,9524],{"class":5274,"line":5342},[5272,9525,9526],{},"Main -> BaseCtor : Створення Derived d\n",[5272,9528,9529],{"class":5274,"line":5348},[5272,9530,9531],{},"activate BaseCtor\n",[5272,9533,9534],{"class":5274,"line":5367},[5272,9535,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,9537,9538],{"class":5274,"line":5372},[5272,9539,9540],{},"note over VPtr #FCA5A5\n",[5272,9542,9543],{"class":5274,"line":5377},[5272,9544,9545],{},"  vptr = vtable Base\n",[5272,9547,9548],{"class":5274,"line":5389},[5272,9549,9550],{},"  (Derived ще не існує!)\n",[5272,9552,9553],{"class":5274,"line":5394},[5272,9554,6178],{},[5272,9556,9557],{"class":5274,"line":5416},[5272,9558,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,9560,9561],{"class":5274,"line":5447},[5272,9562,9563],{},"BaseCtor -> BaseCtor : Виклик identify()\n",[5272,9565,9566],{"class":5274,"line":5463},[5272,9567,9568],{},"note right #FEE2E2\n",[5272,9570,9571],{"class":5274,"line":5485},[5272,9572,9573],{},"  vptr → vtable Base\n",[5272,9575,9576],{"class":5274,"line":5491},[5272,9577,9578],{},"  Викликається Base::identify()\n",[5272,9580,9581],{"class":5274,"line":5503},[5272,9582,6178],{},[5272,9584,9585],{"class":5274,"line":6223},[5272,9586,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,9588,9589],{"class":5274,"line":6229},[5272,9590,9591],{},"BaseCtor --> DerivedCtor : Завершення Base()\n",[5272,9593,9594],{"class":5274,"line":6235},[5272,9595,9596],{},"deactivate BaseCtor\n",[5272,9598,9599],{"class":5274,"line":6240},[5272,9600,9601],{},"activate DerivedCtor\n",[5272,9603,9604],{"class":5274,"line":6245},[5272,9605,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,9607,9608],{"class":5274,"line":6251},[5272,9609,9610],{},"note over VPtr #6EE7B7\n",[5272,9612,9613],{"class":5274,"line":6257},[5272,9614,9615],{},"  vptr = vtable Derived\n",[5272,9617,9618],{"class":5274,"line":6263},[5272,9619,9620],{},"  (Тепер об'єкт став Derived)\n",[5272,9622,9623],{"class":5274,"line":6269},[5272,9624,6178],{},[5272,9626,9627],{"class":5274,"line":6275},[5272,9628,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,9630,9631],{"class":5274,"line":6280},[5272,9632,9633],{},"DerivedCtor -> DerivedCtor : Виклик identify()\n",[5272,9635,9636],{"class":5274,"line":7119},[5272,9637,9638],{},"note right #DCFCE7\n",[5272,9640,9641],{"class":5274,"line":7596},[5272,9642,9643],{},"  vptr → vtable Derived\n",[5272,9645,9646],{"class":5274,"line":8376},[5272,9647,9648],{},"  Викликається Derived::identify()\n",[5272,9650,9651],{"class":5274,"line":8385},[5272,9652,6178],{},[5272,9654,9656],{"class":5274,"line":9655},38,[5272,9657,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,9659,9661],{"class":5274,"line":9660},39,[5272,9662,9663],{},"DerivedCtor --> Main : Об'єкт повністю створено\n",[5272,9665,9667],{"class":5274,"line":9666},40,[5272,9668,9669],{},"deactivate DerivedCtor\n",[5272,9671,9673],{"class":5274,"line":9672},41,[5272,9674,6283],{},[5257,9676,9677,9678,9681,9682,9341,9684,9686,9687,9689],{},"Це не баг — це ",[5536,9679,9680],{},"захисний механізм",". Якби C++ дозволив викликати ",[5269,9683,9319],{},[5269,9685,9379],{},", метод міг би звернутися до полів класу ",[5269,9688,9323],{},", які ще не ініціалізовані. Це призвело б до Undefined Behavior — читання сміття з пам'яті, краху програми, непередбачуваної поведінки.",[9691,9692,9693,9696],"caution",{},[5536,9694,9695],{},"Категорична заборона",": ніколи не викликайте віртуальні функції в конструкторах або деструкторах з розрахунку на поліморфну поведінку. Під час виконання конструктора базового класу об'єкт «є» базовим класом, а не похідним. Віртуальний виклик завжди виконає реалізацію поточного класу в ієрархії конструювання, а не найпохіднішого.",[5257,9698,9699,9700,9702,9703,9705,9706,7927],{},"Аналогічна ситуація з деструкторами: коли виконується деструктор ",[5269,9701,9344],{},", частина ",[5269,9704,9323],{}," вже знищена, vptr перемикається назад на vtable ",[5269,9707,9344],{},[5252,9709,9711],{"id":9710},"вартість-поліморфізму-реальні-накладні-витрати","Вартість поліморфізму: реальні накладні витрати",[5656,9713,9715],{"id":9714},"витрати-на-память","Витрати на пам'ять",[5257,9717,9718],{},"Поліморфізм не безкоштовний. Кожен об'єкт поліморфного класу несе додаткові витрати:",[5257,9720,9721],{},[5536,9722,9723],{},"1. Покажчик vptr у кожному об'єкті",[5257,9725,9726,9727,9730],{},"Незалежно від того, скільки віртуальних методів має клас (один чи десять), кожен об'єкт зберігає ",[5536,9728,9729],{},"один vptr"," розміром 8 байт (64-бітна система) або 4 байти (32-бітна).",[5261,9732,9735],{"className":5263,"code":9733,"filename":9734,"language":5266,"meta":5267,"style":5267},"#include \u003Ciostream>\n\nstruct NonPolymorphic\n{\n    int data;  \u002F\u002F 4 байти\n};\n\nstruct Polymorphic\n{\n    int data;  \u002F\u002F 4 байти\n    virtual void foo() {}  \u002F\u002F +8 байт (vptr)\n};\n\nint main()\n{\n    std::cout \u003C\u003C \"sizeof(NonPolymorphic) = \" \u003C\u003C sizeof(NonPolymorphic) \u003C\u003C \" байт\\n\";\n    std::cout \u003C\u003C \"sizeof(Polymorphic) = \" \u003C\u003C sizeof(Polymorphic) \u003C\u003C \" байт\\n\";\n    \n    return 0;\n}\n","MemoryOverhead.cpp",[5269,9736,9737,9743,9747,9754,9758,9770,9774,9778,9785,9789,9799,9813,9817,9821,9829,9833,9865,9897,9901,9909],{"__ignoreMap":5267},[5272,9738,9739,9741],{"class":5274,"line":5275},[5272,9740,5279],{"class":5278},[5272,9742,5283],{"class":5282},[5272,9744,9745],{"class":5274,"line":5286},[5272,9746,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,9748,9749,9751],{"class":5274,"line":5293},[5272,9750,7936],{"class":5296},[5272,9752,9753],{"class":5300}," NonPolymorphic\n",[5272,9755,9756],{"class":5274,"line":5304},[5272,9757,5308],{"class":5307},[5272,9759,9760,9762,9765,9767],{"class":5274,"line":5311},[5272,9761,5945],{"class":5296},[5272,9763,9764],{"class":5403}," data",[5272,9766,7832],{"class":5307},[5272,9768,9769],{"class":5314},"  \u002F\u002F 4 байти\n",[5272,9771,9772],{"class":5274,"line":5318},[5272,9773,5321],{"class":5307},[5272,9775,9776],{"class":5274,"line":5324},[5272,9777,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,9779,9780,9782],{"class":5274,"line":5329},[5272,9781,7936],{"class":5296},[5272,9783,9784],{"class":5300}," Polymorphic\n",[5272,9786,9787],{"class":5274,"line":5337},[5272,9788,5308],{"class":5307},[5272,9790,9791,9793,9795,9797],{"class":5274,"line":5342},[5272,9792,5945],{"class":5296},[5272,9794,9764],{"class":5403},[5272,9796,7832],{"class":5307},[5272,9798,9769],{"class":5314},[5272,9800,9801,9803,9805,9808,9810],{"class":5274,"line":5348},[5272,9802,5351],{"class":5296},[5272,9804,5354],{"class":5296},[5272,9806,9807],{"class":5357}," foo",[5272,9809,5361],{"class":5307},[5272,9811,9812],{"class":5314},"  \u002F\u002F +8 байт (vptr)\n",[5272,9814,9815],{"class":5274,"line":5367},[5272,9816,5321],{"class":5307},[5272,9818,9819],{"class":5274,"line":5372},[5272,9820,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,9822,9823,9825,9827],{"class":5274,"line":5377},[5272,9824,5380],{"class":5296},[5272,9826,5383],{"class":5357},[5272,9828,5386],{"class":5307},[5272,9830,9831],{"class":5274,"line":5389},[5272,9832,5308],{"class":5307},[5272,9834,9835,9837,9839,9841,9843,9846,9848,9850,9852,9855,9857,9859,9861,9863],{"class":5274,"line":5394},[5272,9836,5397],{"class":5300},[5272,9838,5400],{"class":5307},[5272,9840,5404],{"class":5403},[5272,9842,5407],{"class":5307},[5272,9844,9845],{"class":5282},"\"sizeof(NonPolymorphic) = \"",[5272,9847,5407],{"class":5307},[5272,9849,5422],{"class":5296},[5272,9851,5425],{"class":5307},[5272,9853,9854],{"class":5403},"NonPolymorphic",[5272,9856,5431],{"class":5307},[5272,9858,5434],{"class":5282},[5272,9860,5438],{"class":5437},[5272,9862,5441],{"class":5282},[5272,9864,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,9866,9867,9869,9871,9873,9875,9878,9880,9882,9884,9887,9889,9891,9893,9895],{"class":5274,"line":5416},[5272,9868,5397],{"class":5300},[5272,9870,5400],{"class":5307},[5272,9872,5404],{"class":5403},[5272,9874,5407],{"class":5307},[5272,9876,9877],{"class":5282},"\"sizeof(Polymorphic) = \"",[5272,9879,5407],{"class":5307},[5272,9881,5422],{"class":5296},[5272,9883,5425],{"class":5307},[5272,9885,9886],{"class":5403},"Polymorphic",[5272,9888,5431],{"class":5307},[5272,9890,5434],{"class":5282},[5272,9892,5438],{"class":5437},[5272,9894,5441],{"class":5282},[5272,9896,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,9898,9899],{"class":5274,"line":5447},[5272,9900,5488],{"class":5307},[5272,9902,9903,9905,9907],{"class":5274,"line":5463},[5272,9904,5494],{"class":5278},[5272,9906,5498],{"class":5497},[5272,9908,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,9910,9911],{"class":5274,"line":5485},[5272,9912,5506],{"class":5307},[5508,9914,9916,9920],{"title":9915},".\u002FMemoryOverhead",[5512,9917,9919],{"className":9918},[5274],"sizeof(NonPolymorphic) = 4 байт",[5512,9921,9923],{"className":9922},[5274],"sizeof(Polymorphic) = 16 байт",[5257,9925,9926,9927,5543,9930,9933],{},"Чому 16, а не 12? Через ",[5536,9928,9929],{},"вирівнювання",[5545,9931,9932],{},"alignment",") — компілятор вирівнює структури до меж машинного слова (8 байт на 64-бітних системах).",[5257,9935,9936],{},[5536,9937,9938],{},"2. Глобальна vtable для кожного класу",[5257,9940,9941],{},"Кожен поліморфний клас має свою vtable, яка зберігається в сегменті констант виконуваного файлу. Розмір vtable залежить від кількості віртуальних методів:",[5261,9943,9948],{"className":9944,"code":9946,"language":9947},[9945],"language-text","Розмір vtable = (кількість віртуальних методів) × (розмір покажчика)\n","text",[5269,9949,9946],{"__ignoreMap":5267},[5257,9951,9952,9953,7927],{},"Для класу з 10 віртуальними методами на 64-бітній системі: ",[5269,9954,9955],{},"10 × 8 = 80 байт",[5257,9957,9958,9959,9962,9963,9965,9966,7927],{},"Проте це ",[5536,9960,9961],{},"одна таблиця на клас",", а не на об'єкт. Мільйон об'єктів класу ",[5269,9964,7625],{}," ділять одну спільну vtable ",[5269,9967,7625],{},[5257,9969,9970],{},[5536,9971,9972],{},"3. Оцінка впливу для малих об'єктів",[5257,9974,9975,9976,9979],{},"Для великих об'єктів (сотні байт) додаткові 8 байт vptr — мізерні витрати. Проте для ",[5536,9977,9978],{},"малих об'єктів"," вплив значний:",[5261,9981,9983],{"className":5263,"code":9982,"language":5266,"meta":5267,"style":5267},"struct Tiny\n{\n    char flag;  \u002F\u002F 1 байт\n};\n\nstruct TinyPolymorphic\n{\n    char flag;  \u002F\u002F 1 байт\n    virtual void foo() {}  \u002F\u002F +8 байт vptr\n};\n\n\u002F\u002F sizeof(Tiny) = 1 байт\n\u002F\u002F sizeof(TinyPolymorphic) = 16 байт (1600% збільшення!)\n",[5269,9984,9985,9992,9996,10009,10013,10017,10024,10028,10038,10051,10055,10059,10064],{"__ignoreMap":5267},[5272,9986,9987,9989],{"class":5274,"line":5275},[5272,9988,7936],{"class":5296},[5272,9990,9991],{"class":5300}," Tiny\n",[5272,9993,9994],{"class":5274,"line":5286},[5272,9995,5308],{"class":5307},[5272,9997,9998,10001,10004,10006],{"class":5274,"line":5293},[5272,9999,10000],{"class":5296},"    char",[5272,10002,10003],{"class":5403}," flag",[5272,10005,7832],{"class":5307},[5272,10007,10008],{"class":5314},"  \u002F\u002F 1 байт\n",[5272,10010,10011],{"class":5274,"line":5304},[5272,10012,5321],{"class":5307},[5272,10014,10015],{"class":5274,"line":5311},[5272,10016,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,10018,10019,10021],{"class":5274,"line":5318},[5272,10020,7936],{"class":5296},[5272,10022,10023],{"class":5300}," TinyPolymorphic\n",[5272,10025,10026],{"class":5274,"line":5324},[5272,10027,5308],{"class":5307},[5272,10029,10030,10032,10034,10036],{"class":5274,"line":5329},[5272,10031,10000],{"class":5296},[5272,10033,10003],{"class":5403},[5272,10035,7832],{"class":5307},[5272,10037,10008],{"class":5314},[5272,10039,10040,10042,10044,10046,10048],{"class":5274,"line":5337},[5272,10041,5351],{"class":5296},[5272,10043,5354],{"class":5296},[5272,10045,9807],{"class":5357},[5272,10047,5361],{"class":5307},[5272,10049,10050],{"class":5314},"  \u002F\u002F +8 байт vptr\n",[5272,10052,10053],{"class":5274,"line":5342},[5272,10054,5321],{"class":5307},[5272,10056,10057],{"class":5274,"line":5348},[5272,10058,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,10060,10061],{"class":5274,"line":5367},[5272,10062,10063],{"class":5314},"\u002F\u002F sizeof(Tiny) = 1 байт\n",[5272,10065,10066],{"class":5274,"line":5372},[5272,10067,10068],{"class":5314},"\u002F\u002F sizeof(TinyPolymorphic) = 16 байт (1600% збільшення!)\n",[5257,10070,10071],{},"Якщо ви створюєте мільйони таких об'єктів (наприклад, вузли дерева, елементи великих графів), накладні витрати стають відчутними.",[7151,10073,10074,10077],{},[5536,10075,10076],{},"Компромісна архітектура",": у системах із суворими обмеженнями пам'яті (вбудовані системи, ігрові движки з мільйонами сутностей) іноді відмовляються від віртуальних методів на користь інших патернів поліморфізму (type erasure, visitors, variant-based dispatch). У загальних додатках накладні витрати віртуальних методів мізерні порівняно з перевагами гнучкості архітектури.",[5656,10079,10081],{"id":10080},"витрати-на-продуктивність","Витрати на продуктивність",[5257,10083,10084],{},[5536,10085,10086],{},"1. Непрямий виклик через vtable",[5257,10088,10089],{},"Віртуальний виклик вимагає трьох операцій замість однієї:",[5572,10091,10092,10095,10098],{},[5575,10093,10094],{},"Читання vptr з пам'яті (можливий cache miss)",[5575,10096,10097],{},"Індексація vtable (ще одне звернення до пам'яті)",[5575,10099,10100],{},"Непрямий виклик за покажчиком",[5257,10102,10103,10104,10107,10108,5543,10111,10114],{},"На сучасних процесорах з глибокими конвеєрами та предиктором переходів (",[5545,10105,10106],{},"branch predictor",") непрямий виклик може призвести до ",[5536,10109,10110],{},"простою конвеєра",[5545,10112,10113],{},"pipeline stall","), якщо предиктор не вгадав адресу.",[5257,10116,10117],{},[5536,10118,10119],{},"2. Блокування оптимізацій компілятора",[5257,10121,10122,10123,5543,10126,10129],{},"Компілятор не може ",[5536,10124,10125],{},"вбудувати",[5545,10127,10128],{},"inline",") віртуальний виклик, адже не знає під час компіляції, яка реалізація буде викликана. Інлайнінг — одна з найпотужніших оптимізацій (усуває накладні витрати виклику, дозволяє інші оптимізації), але віртуальні методи його блокують.",[8942,10131,10132,10247],{},[5261,10133,10136],{"className":5263,"code":10134,"filename":10135,"language":5266,"meta":5267,"style":5267},"class Point {\n    double x, y;\npublic:\n    double getX() const { return x; }  \u002F\u002F Компілятор може inline\n};\n\n\u002F\u002F Виклик:\ndouble val = point.getX();\n\n\u002F\u002F Може стати просто:\ndouble val = point.x;  \u002F\u002F Інлайнінг усунув виклик функції\n","Невіртуальний метод (може бути inline)",[5269,10137,10138,10148,10160,10164,10187,10191,10195,10200,10219,10223,10228],{"__ignoreMap":5267},[5272,10139,10140,10142,10145],{"class":5274,"line":5275},[5272,10141,5297],{"class":5296},[5272,10143,10144],{"class":5300}," Point",[5272,10146,10147],{"class":5307}," {\n",[5272,10149,10150,10152,10154,10156,10158],{"class":5274,"line":5286},[5272,10151,8009],{"class":5296},[5272,10153,5948],{"class":5403},[5272,10155,5848],{"class":5307},[5272,10157,5959],{"class":5403},[5272,10159,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,10161,10162],{"class":5274,"line":5293},[5272,10163,5345],{"class":5296},[5272,10165,10166,10168,10171,10173,10175,10177,10179,10181,10184],{"class":5274,"line":5304},[5272,10167,8009],{"class":5296},[5272,10169,10170],{"class":5357}," getX",[5272,10172,7306],{"class":5307},[5272,10174,8104],{"class":5296},[5272,10176,7312],{"class":5307},[5272,10178,6330],{"class":5278},[5272,10180,5948],{"class":5403},[5272,10182,10183],{"class":5307},"; }",[5272,10185,10186],{"class":5314},"  \u002F\u002F Компілятор може inline\n",[5272,10188,10189],{"class":5274,"line":5311},[5272,10190,5321],{"class":5307},[5272,10192,10193],{"class":5274,"line":5318},[5272,10194,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,10196,10197],{"class":5274,"line":5324},[5272,10198,10199],{"class":5314},"\u002F\u002F Виклик:\n",[5272,10201,10202,10204,10207,10209,10212,10214,10217],{"class":5274,"line":5329},[5272,10203,8042],{"class":5296},[5272,10205,10206],{"class":5403}," val",[5272,10208,5951],{"class":5307},[5272,10210,10211],{"class":5403},"point",[5272,10213,7927],{"class":5307},[5272,10215,10216],{"class":5357},"getX",[5272,10218,8606],{"class":5307},[5272,10220,10221],{"class":5274,"line":5337},[5272,10222,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,10224,10225],{"class":5274,"line":5342},[5272,10226,10227],{"class":5314},"\u002F\u002F Може стати просто:\n",[5272,10229,10230,10232,10234,10236,10238,10240,10242,10244],{"class":5274,"line":5348},[5272,10231,8042],{"class":5296},[5272,10233,10206],{"class":5403},[5272,10235,5951],{"class":5307},[5272,10237,10211],{"class":5403},[5272,10239,7927],{"class":5307},[5272,10241,5998],{"class":5403},[5272,10243,7832],{"class":5307},[5272,10245,10246],{"class":5314},"  \u002F\u002F Інлайнінг усунув виклик функції\n",[5261,10248,10251],{"className":5263,"code":10249,"filename":10250,"language":5266,"meta":5267,"style":5267},"class Shape {\npublic:\n    virtual double getArea() const = 0;\n};\n\n\u002F\u002F Виклик:\ndouble area = shape->getArea();\n\n\u002F\u002F Компілятор НЕ може inline — невідома реалізація\n\u002F\u002F Завжди непрямий виклик через vtable\n","Віртуальний метод (НЕ може бути inline)",[5269,10252,10253,10262,10266,10284,10288,10292,10296,10315,10319,10324],{"__ignoreMap":5267},[5272,10254,10255,10257,10260],{"class":5274,"line":5275},[5272,10256,5297],{"class":5296},[5272,10258,10259],{"class":5300}," Shape",[5272,10261,10147],{"class":5307},[5272,10263,10264],{"class":5274,"line":5286},[5272,10265,5345],{"class":5296},[5272,10267,10268,10270,10272,10274,10276,10278,10280,10282],{"class":5274,"line":5293},[5272,10269,5351],{"class":5296},[5272,10271,8096],{"class":5296},[5272,10273,8099],{"class":5357},[5272,10275,7306],{"class":5307},[5272,10277,8104],{"class":5296},[5272,10279,5951],{"class":5307},[5272,10281,6531],{"class":5497},[5272,10283,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,10285,10286],{"class":5274,"line":5304},[5272,10287,5321],{"class":5307},[5272,10289,10290],{"class":5274,"line":5311},[5272,10291,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,10293,10294],{"class":5274,"line":5318},[5272,10295,10199],{"class":5314},[5272,10297,10298,10300,10303,10305,10308,10310,10313],{"class":5274,"line":5324},[5272,10299,8042],{"class":5296},[5272,10301,10302],{"class":5403}," area",[5272,10304,5951],{"class":5307},[5272,10306,10307],{"class":5403},"shape",[5272,10309,7890],{"class":5307},[5272,10311,10312],{"class":5357},"getArea",[5272,10314,8606],{"class":5307},[5272,10316,10317],{"class":5274,"line":5329},[5272,10318,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,10320,10321],{"class":5274,"line":5337},[5272,10322,10323],{"class":5314},"\u002F\u002F Компілятор НЕ може inline — невідома реалізація\n",[5272,10325,10326],{"class":5274,"line":5342},[5272,10327,10328],{"class":5314},"\u002F\u002F Завжди непрямий виклик через vtable\n",[5257,10330,10331],{},[5536,10332,10333],{},"3. Втрата кеш-локальності",[5257,10335,10336,10337,10340],{},"Втable зберігається в окремій ділянці пам'яті (сегмент констант), тому звернення до vtable може призвести до ",[5536,10338,10339],{},"cache miss"," — процесор не знайде потрібні дані в швидкому кеші і змушений буде читати з повільної оперативної пам'яті. Для гарячих циклів, що виконують мільйони викликів на секунду, це відчутно.",[5257,10342,10343],{},[5536,10344,10345],{},"4. Кількісна оцінка",[5257,10347,10348],{},"На практиці накладні витрати віртуального виклику:",[5572,10350,10351,10357,10363],{},[5575,10352,10353,10356],{},[5536,10354,10355],{},"Ідеальний випадок"," (дані в кеші, предиктор переходів вгадав): 2–3 додаткові тактові цикли",[5575,10358,10359,10362],{},[5536,10360,10361],{},"Реалістичний випадок"," (деякі cache miss): 10–50 тактових циклів",[5575,10364,10365,10368],{},[5536,10366,10367],{},"Песимістичний випадок"," (постійні cache miss, непередбачувані переходи): 100+ тактових циклів",[5257,10370,10371],{},"Для порівняння, прямий виклик невіртуальної функції: 1–2 тактові цикли.",[5257,10373,10374,10375,10378,10379,10382],{},"У більшості додатків ці витрати ",[5536,10376,10377],{},"мізерні"," порівняно з іншими операціями (введення\u002Fвиведення, обчислення, робота з базами даних). Проте в ",[5536,10380,10381],{},"критичних гарячих циклах"," (фізичні симуляції, обробка зображень, рендеринг графіки) віртуальні виклики можуть стати вузьким місцем.",[10384,10385,10386,10389,10390,10393],"warning",{},[5536,10387,10388],{},"Передчасна оптимізація",": не відмовляйтеся від віртуальних методів «на всяк випадок» через страх перед накладними витратами. Використовуйте віртуальні методи для побудови чистої архітектури. Якщо профілювання покаже, що віртуальні виклики є вузьким місцем (що трапляється рідко), тоді оптимізуйте конкретні гарячі ділянки. ",[5536,10391,10392],{},"Правило",": спочатку зробіть код правильним і зрозумілим, потім швидким — але лише там, де це дійсно потрібно.",[5656,10395,10397],{"id":10396},"порівняльна-таблиця-віртуальний-vs-невіртуальний-виклик","Порівняльна таблиця: віртуальний vs невіртуальний виклик",[10399,10400,10401,10418],"table",{},[10402,10403,10404],"thead",{},[10405,10406,10407,10412,10415],"tr",{},[10408,10409,10411],"th",{"align":10410},"left","Аспект",[10408,10413,10414],{"align":10410},"Невіртуальний виклик",[10408,10416,10417],{"align":10410},"Віртуальний виклик",[10419,10420,10421,10434,10447,10460,10473,10486,10499,10512],"tbody",{},[10405,10422,10423,10428,10431],{},[10424,10425,10426],"td",{"align":10410},[5536,10427,5602],{},[10424,10429,10430],{"align":10410},"Раннє (статичне) — під час компіляції",[10424,10432,10433],{"align":10410},"Пізнє (динамічне) — під час виконання",[10405,10435,10436,10441,10444],{},[10424,10437,10438],{"align":10410},[5536,10439,10440],{},"Операцій для виклику",[10424,10442,10443],{"align":10410},"1 (прямий перехід)",[10424,10445,10446],{"align":10410},"3 (читання vptr → індексація vtable → непрямий виклік)",[10405,10448,10449,10454,10457],{},[10424,10450,10451],{"align":10410},[5536,10452,10453],{},"Можливість inline",[10424,10455,10456],{"align":10410},"✅ Так",[10424,10458,10459],{"align":10410},"❌ Ні",[10405,10461,10462,10467,10470],{},[10424,10463,10464],{"align":10410},[5536,10465,10466],{},"Розмір об'єкта",[10424,10468,10469],{"align":10410},"Лише поля класу",[10424,10471,10472],{"align":10410},"Поля класу + 8 байт (vptr)",[10405,10474,10475,10480,10483],{},[10424,10476,10477],{"align":10410},[5536,10478,10479],{},"Предиктор переходів",[10424,10481,10482],{"align":10410},"Легко передбачити",[10424,10484,10485],{"align":10410},"Складно передбачити",[10405,10487,10488,10493,10496],{},[10424,10489,10490],{"align":10410},[5536,10491,10492],{},"Кеш-локальність",[10424,10494,10495],{"align":10410},"Висока",[10424,10497,10498],{"align":10410},"Нижча (vtable в іншій ділянці пам'яті)",[10405,10500,10501,10506,10509],{},[10424,10502,10503],{"align":10410},[5536,10504,10505],{},"Типова швидкість",[10424,10507,10508],{"align":10410},"~1–2 тактові цикли",[10424,10510,10511],{"align":10410},"~2–50 тактових циклів (залежить від кешу)",[10405,10513,10514,10519,10522],{},[10424,10515,10516],{"align":10410},[5536,10517,10518],{},"Коли використовувати",[10424,10520,10521],{"align":10410},"Методи без поліморфізму",[10424,10523,10524],{"align":10410},"Методи, що потребують перевизначення в нащадках",[5252,10526,10528],{"id":10527},"візуалізація-повного-процесу-від-коду-до-виконання","Візуалізація повного процесу: від коду до виконання",[6106,10530,10532],{"alt":10531},"Повний ланцюг виклику віртуального методу: код → компіляція → виконання",[5261,10533,10535],{"className":6111,"code":10534,"language":6113,"meta":5267,"style":5267},"@startuml\nskinparam style plain\nskinparam backgroundColor #FFFFFF\n\nactor \"Програміст\" as Dev #E0F2FE\nparticipant \"Вихідний код\" as Source #DBEAFE\nparticipant \"Компілятор\" as Compiler #BAE6FD\nparticipant \"Виконуваний файл\" as Binary #7DD3FC\ndatabase \"Віртуальна таблиця (vtable)\" as VTable #0EA5E9\nparticipant \"Об'єкт у пам'яті\" as Object #FEF3C7\nparticipant \"Процесор\" as CPU #FED7AA\n\nDev -> Source : Пише код:\\nAnimal* ptr = &dog;\\nptr->speak();\n\nSource -> Compiler : Компіляція\nCompiler -> Compiler : Виявляє virtual speak()\nnote right of Compiler #BAE6FD\n  1. Створює vtable для кожного класу\n  2. Додає vptr до об'єктів\n  3. Генерує код непрямого виклику\nend note\n\nCompiler -> Binary : Згенерований машинний код\nBinary -> VTable : Завантаження статичних даних\nnote over VTable #0EA5E9\n  vtable Animal: [&Animal::speak, ...]\n  vtable Dog: [&Dog::speak, ...]\nend note\n\nBinary -> Object : Створення об'єкта Dog\nnote over Object #FEF3C7\n  Конструктор встановлює:\n  object.vptr = &vtable_Dog\nend note\n\nBinary -> CPU : Виконання ptr->speak()\n\nCPU -> Object : 1. Читає vptr з об'єкта\nObject -> CPU : vptr = &vtable_Dog\n\nCPU -> VTable : 2. Звертається до vtable[0]\nVTable -> CPU : Адреса = &Dog::speak\n\nCPU -> CPU : 3. Викликає Dog::speak()\nnote over CPU #FED7AA\n  Непрямий виклик:\n  call [адреса з vtable]\nend note\n\n@enduml\n",[5269,10536,10537,10541,10545,10549,10553,10558,10563,10568,10573,10578,10583,10588,10592,10597,10601,10606,10611,10616,10621,10626,10631,10635,10639,10644,10649,10654,10659,10664,10668,10672,10677,10682,10687,10692,10696,10700,10705,10709,10714,10719,10723,10728,10734,10739,10745,10751,10757,10763,10768,10773],{"__ignoreMap":5267},[5272,10538,10539],{"class":5274,"line":5275},[5272,10540,6120],{},[5272,10542,10543],{"class":5274,"line":5286},[5272,10544,6125],{},[5272,10546,10547],{"class":5274,"line":5293},[5272,10548,6130],{},[5272,10550,10551],{"class":5274,"line":5304},[5272,10552,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,10554,10555],{"class":5274,"line":5311},[5272,10556,10557],{},"actor \"Програміст\" as Dev #E0F2FE\n",[5272,10559,10560],{"class":5274,"line":5318},[5272,10561,10562],{},"participant \"Вихідний код\" as Source #DBEAFE\n",[5272,10564,10565],{"class":5274,"line":5324},[5272,10566,10567],{},"participant \"Компілятор\" as Compiler #BAE6FD\n",[5272,10569,10570],{"class":5274,"line":5329},[5272,10571,10572],{},"participant \"Виконуваний файл\" as Binary #7DD3FC\n",[5272,10574,10575],{"class":5274,"line":5337},[5272,10576,10577],{},"database \"Віртуальна таблиця (vtable)\" as VTable #0EA5E9\n",[5272,10579,10580],{"class":5274,"line":5342},[5272,10581,10582],{},"participant \"Об'єкт у пам'яті\" as Object #FEF3C7\n",[5272,10584,10585],{"class":5274,"line":5348},[5272,10586,10587],{},"participant \"Процесор\" as CPU #FED7AA\n",[5272,10589,10590],{"class":5274,"line":5367},[5272,10591,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,10593,10594],{"class":5274,"line":5372},[5272,10595,10596],{},"Dev -> Source : Пише код:\\nAnimal* ptr = &dog;\\nptr->speak();\n",[5272,10598,10599],{"class":5274,"line":5377},[5272,10600,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,10602,10603],{"class":5274,"line":5389},[5272,10604,10605],{},"Source -> Compiler : Компіляція\n",[5272,10607,10608],{"class":5274,"line":5394},[5272,10609,10610],{},"Compiler -> Compiler : Виявляє virtual speak()\n",[5272,10612,10613],{"class":5274,"line":5416},[5272,10614,10615],{},"note right of Compiler #BAE6FD\n",[5272,10617,10618],{"class":5274,"line":5447},[5272,10619,10620],{},"  1. Створює vtable для кожного класу\n",[5272,10622,10623],{"class":5274,"line":5463},[5272,10624,10625],{},"  2. Додає vptr до об'єктів\n",[5272,10627,10628],{"class":5274,"line":5485},[5272,10629,10630],{},"  3. Генерує код непрямого виклику\n",[5272,10632,10633],{"class":5274,"line":5491},[5272,10634,6178],{},[5272,10636,10637],{"class":5274,"line":5503},[5272,10638,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,10640,10641],{"class":5274,"line":6223},[5272,10642,10643],{},"Compiler -> Binary : Згенерований машинний код\n",[5272,10645,10646],{"class":5274,"line":6229},[5272,10647,10648],{},"Binary -> VTable : Завантаження статичних даних\n",[5272,10650,10651],{"class":5274,"line":6235},[5272,10652,10653],{},"note over VTable #0EA5E9\n",[5272,10655,10656],{"class":5274,"line":6240},[5272,10657,10658],{},"  vtable Animal: [&Animal::speak, ...]\n",[5272,10660,10661],{"class":5274,"line":6245},[5272,10662,10663],{},"  vtable Dog: [&Dog::speak, ...]\n",[5272,10665,10666],{"class":5274,"line":6251},[5272,10667,6178],{},[5272,10669,10670],{"class":5274,"line":6257},[5272,10671,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,10673,10674],{"class":5274,"line":6263},[5272,10675,10676],{},"Binary -> Object : Створення об'єкта Dog\n",[5272,10678,10679],{"class":5274,"line":6269},[5272,10680,10681],{},"note over Object #FEF3C7\n",[5272,10683,10684],{"class":5274,"line":6275},[5272,10685,10686],{},"  Конструктор встановлює:\n",[5272,10688,10689],{"class":5274,"line":6280},[5272,10690,10691],{},"  object.vptr = &vtable_Dog\n",[5272,10693,10694],{"class":5274,"line":7119},[5272,10695,6178],{},[5272,10697,10698],{"class":5274,"line":7596},[5272,10699,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,10701,10702],{"class":5274,"line":8376},[5272,10703,10704],{},"Binary -> CPU : Виконання ptr->speak()\n",[5272,10706,10707],{"class":5274,"line":8385},[5272,10708,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,10710,10711],{"class":5274,"line":9655},[5272,10712,10713],{},"CPU -> Object : 1. Читає vptr з об'єкта\n",[5272,10715,10716],{"class":5274,"line":9660},[5272,10717,10718],{},"Object -> CPU : vptr = &vtable_Dog\n",[5272,10720,10721],{"class":5274,"line":9666},[5272,10722,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,10724,10725],{"class":5274,"line":9672},[5272,10726,10727],{},"CPU -> VTable : 2. Звертається до vtable[0]\n",[5272,10729,10731],{"class":5274,"line":10730},42,[5272,10732,10733],{},"VTable -> CPU : Адреса = &Dog::speak\n",[5272,10735,10737],{"class":5274,"line":10736},43,[5272,10738,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,10740,10742],{"class":5274,"line":10741},44,[5272,10743,10744],{},"CPU -> CPU : 3. Викликає Dog::speak()\n",[5272,10746,10748],{"class":5274,"line":10747},45,[5272,10749,10750],{},"note over CPU #FED7AA\n",[5272,10752,10754],{"class":5274,"line":10753},46,[5272,10755,10756],{},"  Непрямий виклик:\n",[5272,10758,10760],{"class":5274,"line":10759},47,[5272,10761,10762],{},"  call [адреса з vtable]\n",[5272,10764,10766],{"class":5274,"line":10765},48,[5272,10767,6178],{},[5272,10769,10771],{"class":5274,"line":10770},49,[5272,10772,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,10774,10776],{"class":5274,"line":10775},50,[5272,10777,6283],{},[5257,10779,10780],{},"Ця діаграма показує повний цикл від написання коду до виконання віртуального виклику. Ключові етапи:",[7133,10782,10783,10789,10795,10801],{},[5575,10784,10785,10788],{},[5536,10786,10787],{},"Компіляція",": компілятор створює vtable для кожного класу та додає vptr до об'єктів",[5575,10790,10791,10794],{},[5536,10792,10793],{},"Завантаження",": vtable завантажуються в пам'ять як статичні дані",[5575,10796,10797,10800],{},[5536,10798,10799],{},"Створення об'єкта",": конструктор ініціалізує vptr",[5575,10802,10803,10806],{},[5536,10804,10805],{},"Виклик методу",": процесор виконує триетапний алгоритм (vptr → vtable → виклик)",[5252,10808,10810],{"id":10809},"девіртуалізація-оптимізація-компілятора","Девіртуалізація: оптимізація компілятора",[5656,10812,10814],{"id":10813},"коли-компілятор-може-усунути-віртуальний-виклик","Коли компілятор може усунути віртуальний виклик",[5257,10816,10817,10818,5543,10821,10824],{},"Сучасні компілятори (GCC, Clang, MSVC) намагаються виконати ",[5536,10819,10820],{},"девіртуалізацію",[5545,10822,10823],{},"devirtualization",") — заміну віртуального виклику на прямий, якщо реальний тип об'єкта відомий під час компіляції:",[5261,10826,10829],{"className":5263,"code":10827,"filename":10828,"language":5266,"meta":5267,"style":5267},"void example()\n{\n    Dog dog;\n    \n    \u002F\u002F Тип відомий — компілятор може девіртуалізувати\n    dog.speak();  \u002F\u002F Замінюється на прямий виклик Dog::speak()\n    \n    \u002F\u002F Через покажчик на базовий клас — девіртуалізація неможлива\n    Animal* ptr = &dog;\n    ptr->speak();  \u002F\u002F Залишається віртуальним викликом\n}\n","Devirtualization.cpp",[5269,10830,10831,10840,10844,10852,10856,10861,10875,10879,10884,10898,10911],{"__ignoreMap":5267},[5272,10832,10833,10835,10838],{"class":5274,"line":5275},[5272,10834,5692],{"class":5296},[5272,10836,10837],{"class":5357}," example",[5272,10839,5386],{"class":5307},[5272,10841,10842],{"class":5274,"line":5286},[5272,10843,5308],{"class":5307},[5272,10845,10846,10848,10850],{"class":5274,"line":5293},[5272,10847,7840],{"class":5300},[5272,10849,8896],{"class":5403},[5272,10851,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,10853,10854],{"class":5274,"line":5304},[5272,10855,5488],{"class":5307},[5272,10857,10858],{"class":5274,"line":5311},[5272,10859,10860],{"class":5314},"    \u002F\u002F Тип відомий — компілятор може девіртуалізувати\n",[5272,10862,10863,10866,10868,10870,10872],{"class":5274,"line":5318},[5272,10864,10865],{"class":5403},"    dog",[5272,10867,7927],{"class":5307},[5272,10869,7893],{"class":5357},[5272,10871,5748],{"class":5307},[5272,10873,10874],{"class":5314},"  \u002F\u002F Замінюється на прямий виклик Dog::speak()\n",[5272,10876,10877],{"class":5274,"line":5324},[5272,10878,5488],{"class":5307},[5272,10880,10881],{"class":5274,"line":5329},[5272,10882,10883],{"class":5314},"    \u002F\u002F Через покажчик на базовий клас — девіртуалізація неможлива\n",[5272,10885,10886,10888,10890,10892,10894,10896],{"class":5274,"line":5337},[5272,10887,7827],{"class":5300},[5272,10889,7859],{"class":5296},[5272,10891,7862],{"class":5403},[5272,10893,7865],{"class":5307},[5272,10895,8903],{"class":5403},[5272,10897,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,10899,10900,10902,10904,10906,10908],{"class":5274,"line":5342},[5272,10901,7887],{"class":5403},[5272,10903,7890],{"class":5307},[5272,10905,7893],{"class":5357},[5272,10907,5748],{"class":5307},[5272,10909,10910],{"class":5314},"  \u002F\u002F Залишається віртуальним викликом\n",[5272,10912,10913],{"class":5274,"line":5348},[5272,10914,5506],{"class":5307},[5257,10916,10917,10918,10921,10922,10924,10925,10927,10928,10930,10931,10933,10934,10936],{},"У першому випадку компілятор ",[5536,10919,10920],{},"точно знає",", що ",[5269,10923,8903],{}," має тип ",[5269,10926,7625],{},", тому може замінити віртуальний виклик на прямий. У другому випадку тип покажчика — ",[5269,10929,7923],{},", і компілятор не може гарантувати, що ",[5269,10932,8596],{}," завжди адресує саме ",[5269,10935,7625],{},", тому віртуальний виклик залишається.",[5656,10938,10940,10941,10944],{"id":10939},"специфікатор-final-допомагає-оптимізації","Специфікатор ",[5269,10942,10943],{},"final"," допомагає оптимізації",[5257,10946,10947,10948,10950],{},"Клас або метод, позначений як ",[5269,10949,10943],{},", дозволяє компілятору виконати девіртуалізацію, адже точно відомо, що подальших перевизначень не буде:",[5261,10952,10954],{"className":5263,"code":10953,"language":5266,"meta":5267,"style":5267},"class Dog final : public Animal\n{\npublic:\n    void speak() override { std::cout \u003C\u003C \"Woof\\n\"; }\n};\n\nvoid example(Dog* ptr)\n{\n    \u002F\u002F Клас Dog позначено final → компілятор може девіртуалізувати\n    ptr->speak();  \u002F\u002F Може стати прямим викликом Dog::speak()\n}\n",[5269,10955,10956,10971,10975,10979,11007,11011,11015,11031,11035,11040,11053],{"__ignoreMap":5267},[5272,10957,10958,10960,10962,10965,10967,10969],{"class":5274,"line":5275},[5272,10959,5297],{"class":5296},[5272,10961,7280],{"class":5300},[5272,10963,10964],{"class":5296}," final",[5272,10966,7283],{"class":5307},[5272,10968,7286],{"class":5296},[5272,10970,7199],{"class":5300},[5272,10972,10973],{"class":5274,"line":5286},[5272,10974,5308],{"class":5307},[5272,10976,10977],{"class":5274,"line":5293},[5272,10978,5345],{"class":5296},[5272,10980,10981,10983,10985,10987,10989,10991,10993,10995,10997,10999,11001,11003,11005],{"class":5274,"line":5304},[5272,10982,7301],{"class":5296},[5272,10984,7216],{"class":5357},[5272,10986,7306],{"class":5307},[5272,10988,7309],{"class":5296},[5272,10990,7312],{"class":5307},[5272,10992,7222],{"class":5300},[5272,10994,5400],{"class":5307},[5272,10996,5404],{"class":5403},[5272,10998,5407],{"class":5307},[5272,11000,7323],{"class":5282},[5272,11002,5438],{"class":5437},[5272,11004,5441],{"class":5282},[5272,11006,6339],{"class":5307},[5272,11008,11009],{"class":5274,"line":5311},[5272,11010,5321],{"class":5307},[5272,11012,11013],{"class":5274,"line":5318},[5272,11014,5290],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5289},[5272,11016,11017,11019,11021,11023,11025,11027,11029],{"class":5274,"line":5324},[5272,11018,5692],{"class":5296},[5272,11020,10837],{"class":5357},[5272,11022,5425],{"class":5307},[5272,11024,7625],{"class":5300},[5272,11026,7859],{"class":5296},[5272,11028,7862],{"class":5403},[5272,11030,5856],{"class":5307},[5272,11032,11033],{"class":5274,"line":5329},[5272,11034,5308],{"class":5307},[5272,11036,11037],{"class":5274,"line":5337},[5272,11038,11039],{"class":5314},"    \u002F\u002F Клас Dog позначено final → компілятор може девіртуалізувати\n",[5272,11041,11042,11044,11046,11048,11050],{"class":5274,"line":5342},[5272,11043,7887],{"class":5403},[5272,11045,7890],{"class":5307},[5272,11047,7893],{"class":5357},[5272,11049,5748],{"class":5307},[5272,11051,11052],{"class":5314},"  \u002F\u002F Може стати прямим викликом Dog::speak()\n",[5272,11054,11055],{"class":5274,"line":5348},[5272,11056,5506],{"class":5307},[5257,11058,11059,11060,11062],{},"Це одна з причин використання ",[5269,11061,10943],{}," — не лише заборона наслідування, але й можливість оптимізації.",[5252,11064,11066],{"id":11065},"практичні-рекомендації","Практичні рекомендації",[5564,11068,11069],{},[5567,11070,11073],{"icon":11071,"title":11072},"i-lucide-check-circle","✅ Коли віртуальні методи доречні",[5572,11074,11075,11078,11081,11084],{},[5575,11076,11077],{},"Клас призначений для наслідування та поліморфізму",[5575,11079,11080],{},"Потрібна гнучкість архітектури: різні реалізації одного інтерфейсу",[5575,11082,11083],{},"Накладні витрати мізерні порівняно з іншими операціями (більшість додатків)",[5575,11085,11086],{},"Читабельність і підтримуваність важливіші за мікрооптимізації",[5567,11088,11091],{"icon":11089,"title":11090},"i-lucide-x-circle","❌ Коли уникати віртуальних методів",[5572,11092,11093,11096,11099,11102],{},[5575,11094,11095],{},"Гарячі цикли, що виконують мільйони викликів на секунду",[5575,11097,11098],{},"Малі об'єкти, де 8 байт vptr становлять значну частку розміру",[5575,11100,11101],{},"Профілювання показало, що віртуальні виклики — вузьке місце",[5575,11103,11104],{},"Клас є простою структурою даних (POD) без поліморфізму",[5567,11106,11108],{"icon":3079,"title":11107},"🔍 Діагностика проблем",[5572,11109,11110,11116,11119,11122],{},[5575,11111,11112,11115],{},[5269,11113,11114],{},"sizeof(Class)"," більший за очікуване → перевірте наявність vptr (8 байт)",[5575,11117,11118],{},"Повільні цикли з викликами методів → профілюйте, можливо віртуальні виклики",[5575,11120,11121],{},"Неочікувана поведінка в конструкторах → не викликайте віртуальні методи там",[5575,11123,11124,11125,11128],{},"Витоки пам'яті при ",[5269,11126,11127],{},"delete basePtr"," → деструктор базового класу не віртуальний",[5567,11130,11132],{"icon":92,"title":11131},"⚡ Оптимізації",[5572,11133,11134,11140,11143,11146],{},[5575,11135,11136,11137,11139],{},"Використовуйте ",[5269,11138,10943],{}," для класів та методів, що не мають нащадків",[5575,11141,11142],{},"Уникайте віртуальних викликів у найвнутрішніших циклах",[5575,11144,11145],{},"Розглядайте шаблони замість поліморфізму для критичних ділянок",[5575,11147,11148],{},"Профілюйте перед оптимізацією — передчасна оптимізація шкідлива",[5257,11150,5400],{},[5252,11152,11154],{"id":11153},"резюме","Резюме",[5257,11156,11157],{},"У цій статті ми розібрали внутрішні механізми реалізації поліморфізму в C++:",[5564,11159,11160,11174,11179,11184],{},[5567,11161,11164,11169],{"icon":11162,"title":11163},"i-lucide-link","🔗 Раннє vs пізнє зв'язування",[5257,11165,11166,11168],{},[5536,11167,5611],{}," (статичне): компілятор фіксує адреси функцій під час компіляції. Максимально ефективно, але негнучко.",[5257,11170,11171,11173],{},[5536,11172,5620],{}," (динамічне): вибір функції відбувається під час виконання на основі реального типу об'єкта. Гнучко, але має накладні витрати.",[5567,11175,11178],{"icon":11176,"title":11177},"i-lucide-table","📋 Віртуальна таблиця (vtable)","Статичний масив покажчиків на віртуальні методи класу. Створюється компілятором під час компіляції, по одній таблиці на клас. Зберігається в сегменті констант виконуваного файлу.",[5567,11180,11183],{"icon":11181,"title":11182},"i-lucide-arrow-right","➡️ Покажчик vptr","Приховане поле в кожному об'єкті поліморфного класу, що вказує на vtable. Розмір: 8 байт (64-біт) або 4 байти (32-біт). Автоматично ініціалізується конструктором.",[5567,11185,11188],{"icon":11186,"title":11187},"i-lucide-settings","⚙️ Алгоритм виклику","Віртуальний виклик: читання vptr → індексація vtable → непрямий виклік. Три операції замість однієї для прямого виклику.",[5257,11190,11191,6079],{},[5536,11192,11193],{},"Ключові висновки",[7133,11195,11196,11199,11202,11205,11208],{},[5575,11197,11198],{},"Поліморфізм реалізовано через vtable та vptr — простий, але елегантний механізм",[5575,11200,11201],{},"vptr додається компілятором автоматично, збільшуючи розмір кожного об'єкта на 8 байт",[5575,11203,11204],{},"Віртуальні функції не працюють у конструкторах через порядок ініціалізації vptr",[5575,11206,11207],{},"Накладні витрати мізерні для більшості додатків, критичні лише в гарячих циклах",[5575,11209,11210],{},"Використовуйте віртуальні методи для чистої архітектури, оптимізуйте лише за потреби",[5257,11212,11213,11214,11217],{},"У наступній статті ми вивчимо ",[5536,11215,11216],{},"абстрактні класи та чисті віртуальні функції"," — механізм визначення інтерфейсів у C++, який дозволяє проєктувати системи з чіткими контрактами поведінки та принципом інверсії залежностей.",[11219,11220,11221,11341,11354,11362],"accordion",{},[11222,11223,11226,11233],"accordion-item",{"icon":11224,"label":11225},"i-lucide-clipboard-list","📋 Завдання: Дослідження розміру об'єктів",[5257,11227,11228,11229,11232],{},"Створіть кілька класів з різною кількістю віртуальних методів та полів. Виміряйте їхні розміри через ",[5269,11230,11231],{},"sizeof()"," і поясніть результати з урахуванням vptr та вирівнювання пам'яті:",[5261,11234,11236],{"className":5263,"code":11235,"language":5266,"meta":5267,"style":5267},"class A { };\nclass B { virtual void f() {} };\nclass C { int x; };\nclass D { int x; virtual void f() {} };\nclass E { int x; virtual void f() {} virtual void g() {} };\n",[5269,11237,11238,11248,11268,11284,11308],{"__ignoreMap":5267},[5272,11239,11240,11242,11245],{"class":5274,"line":5275},[5272,11241,5297],{"class":5296},[5272,11243,11244],{"class":5300}," A",[5272,11246,11247],{"class":5307}," { };\n",[5272,11249,11250,11252,11255,11257,11260,11262,11265],{"class":5274,"line":5286},[5272,11251,5297],{"class":5296},[5272,11253,11254],{"class":5300}," B",[5272,11256,7312],{"class":5307},[5272,11258,11259],{"class":5296},"virtual",[5272,11261,5354],{"class":5296},[5272,11263,11264],{"class":5357}," f",[5272,11266,11267],{"class":5307},"() {} };\n",[5272,11269,11270,11272,11275,11277,11279,11281],{"class":5274,"line":5293},[5272,11271,5297],{"class":5296},[5272,11273,11274],{"class":5300}," C",[5272,11276,7312],{"class":5307},[5272,11278,5380],{"class":5296},[5272,11280,5948],{"class":5403},[5272,11282,11283],{"class":5307},"; };\n",[5272,11285,11286,11288,11291,11293,11295,11297,11300,11302,11304,11306],{"class":5274,"line":5304},[5272,11287,5297],{"class":5296},[5272,11289,11290],{"class":5300}," D",[5272,11292,7312],{"class":5307},[5272,11294,5380],{"class":5296},[5272,11296,5948],{"class":5403},[5272,11298,11299],{"class":5307},"; ",[5272,11301,11259],{"class":5296},[5272,11303,5354],{"class":5296},[5272,11305,11264],{"class":5357},[5272,11307,11267],{"class":5307},[5272,11309,11310,11312,11315,11317,11319,11321,11323,11325,11327,11329,11332,11334,11336,11339],{"class":5274,"line":5311},[5272,11311,5297],{"class":5296},[5272,11313,11314],{"class":5300}," E",[5272,11316,7312],{"class":5307},[5272,11318,5380],{"class":5296},[5272,11320,5948],{"class":5403},[5272,11322,11299],{"class":5307},[5272,11324,11259],{"class":5296},[5272,11326,5354],{"class":5296},[5272,11328,11264],{"class":5357},[5272,11330,11331],{"class":5307},"() {} ",[5272,11333,11259],{"class":5296},[5272,11335,5354],{"class":5296},[5272,11337,11338],{"class":5357}," g",[5272,11340,11267],{"class":5307},[11222,11342,11345,11346,11349,11350,11353],{"icon":11343,"label":11344},"i-lucide-help-circle","❓ Чому vtable є статичною, а не частиною об'єкта?","Якби кожен об'єкт зберігав власну копію vtable, витрати пам'яті були б величезними. Для класу з 10 віртуальними методами vtable займає 80 байт (10 × 8). Якщо створити мільйон об'єктів, це 80 МБ лише на vtable! Натомість компілятор створює ",[5536,11347,11348],{},"одну спільну vtable на клас",", а кожен об'єкт зберігає лише ",[5536,11351,11352],{},"маленький покажчик"," (8 байт) на цю спільну таблицю. Для мільйона об'єктів: 8 МБ покажчиків + 80 байт таблиця = ~8 МБ замість 80 МБ.",[11222,11355,11357,11358,11361],{"icon":11343,"label":11356},"❓ Чому непрямий виклик повільніший за прямий?","Прямий виклик — це одна машинна інструкція ",[5269,11359,11360],{},"CALL \u003Cадреса>",", яка переходить за фіксованою адресою. Процесор може завчасно завантажити код функції в кеш і підготувати конвеєр виконання. Непрямий виклик вимагає трьох кроків: (1) прочитати адресу з пам'яті (vptr), (2) індексувати таблицю (vtable), (3) викликати за отриманою адресою. Кожен крок — звернення до пам'яті (можливі cache miss). Процесор не може передбачити, куди відбудеться перехід, тому конвеєр виконання може зупинитися в очікуванні даних.",[11222,11363,11365,11370,11419],{"icon":11343,"label":11364},"❓ Чи можна обійти віртуальний виклик та викликати базовий метод?",[5257,11366,11367,11368,6079],{},"Так, можна явно вказати, який саме метод викликати, використовуючи оператор розв'язання області видимості ",[5269,11369,5400],{},[5261,11371,11373],{"className":5263,"code":11372,"language":5266,"meta":5267,"style":5267},"Animal* ptr = &dog;\nptr->speak();           \u002F\u002F Віртуальний виклик → Dog::speak()\nptr->Animal::speak();   \u002F\u002F Прямий виклик → Animal::speak()\n",[5269,11374,11375,11389,11402],{"__ignoreMap":5267},[5272,11376,11377,11379,11381,11383,11385,11387],{"class":5274,"line":5275},[5272,11378,7615],{"class":5403},[5272,11380,8593],{"class":5307},[5272,11382,8596],{"class":5403},[5272,11384,7865],{"class":5307},[5272,11386,8903],{"class":5403},[5272,11388,5444],{"class":5307},[5272,11390,11391,11393,11395,11397,11399],{"class":5274,"line":5286},[5272,11392,8596],{"class":5403},[5272,11394,7890],{"class":5307},[5272,11396,7893],{"class":5357},[5272,11398,5748],{"class":5307},[5272,11400,11401],{"class":5314},"           \u002F\u002F Віртуальний виклик → Dog::speak()\n",[5272,11403,11404,11406,11408,11410,11412,11414,11416],{"class":5274,"line":5293},[5272,11405,8596],{"class":5403},[5272,11407,7890],{"class":5307},[5272,11409,7615],{"class":5403},[5272,11411,5400],{"class":5307},[5272,11413,7893],{"class":5357},[5272,11415,5748],{"class":5307},[5272,11417,11418],{"class":5314},"   \u002F\u002F Прямий виклик → Animal::speak()\n",[5257,11420,11421,11422,7927],{},"Це обходить механізм vtable і викликає конкретну реалізацію базового класу. Корисно, якщо перевизначений метод викликає базову реалізацію через ",[5269,11423,11424],{},"Base::method()",[11426,11427,11428],"style",{},"html pre.shiki code .s8xlr, html code.shiki .s8xlr{--shiki-light:#AF00DB;--shiki-default:#C586C0;--shiki-dark:#C586C0}html pre.shiki code .sbdoH, html code.shiki .sbdoH{--shiki-light:#A31515;--shiki-default:#CE9178;--shiki-dark:#CE9178}html pre.shiki code .su1O8, html code.shiki .su1O8{--shiki-light:#0000FF;--shiki-default:#569CD6;--shiki-dark:#569CD6}html pre.shiki code .sN1BT, html code.shiki .sN1BT{--shiki-light:#267F99;--shiki-default:#4EC9B0;--shiki-dark:#4EC9B0}html pre.shiki code .sHH4Y, html code.shiki .sHH4Y{--shiki-light:#000000;--shiki-default:#D4D4D4;--shiki-dark:#D4D4D4}html pre.shiki code .spJ8K, html code.shiki .spJ8K{--shiki-light:#008000;--shiki-default:#6A9955;--shiki-dark:#6A9955}html pre.shiki code .s8Opu, html code.shiki .s8Opu{--shiki-light:#795E26;--shiki-default:#DCDCAA;--shiki-dark:#DCDCAA}html pre.shiki code .siwwj, html code.shiki .siwwj{--shiki-light:#001080;--shiki-default:#9CDCFE;--shiki-dark:#9CDCFE}html pre.shiki code .sjcCO, html code.shiki .sjcCO{--shiki-light:#EE0000;--shiki-default:#D7BA7D;--shiki-dark:#D7BA7D}html pre.shiki code .sJj4R, html code.shiki .sJj4R{--shiki-light:#098658;--shiki-default:#B5CEA8;--shiki-dark:#B5CEA8}html .light .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-light);background: var(--shiki-light-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-light-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-light-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-light-text-decoration);}html.light .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-light);background: var(--shiki-light-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-light-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-light-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-light-text-decoration);}html .default .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: var(--shiki-default-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-default-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-default-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-default-text-decoration);}html .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: var(--shiki-default-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-default-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-default-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-default-text-decoration);}html .dark .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-dark);background: var(--shiki-dark-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-dark-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-dark-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-dark-text-decoration);}html.dark .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-dark);background: var(--shiki-dark-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-dark-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-dark-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-dark-text-decoration);}",{"title":5267,"searchDepth":5286,"depth":5286,"links":11430},[11431,11432,11437,11442,11446,11450,11455,11456,11461,11462],{"id":5254,"depth":5286,"text":5255},{"id":5653,"depth":5286,"text":5654,"children":11433},[11434,11435,11436],{"id":5658,"depth":5293,"text":5659},{"id":5784,"depth":5293,"text":5785},{"id":6286,"depth":5293,"text":6287},{"id":7167,"depth":5286,"text":7168,"children":11438},[11439,11440,11441],{"id":7171,"depth":5293,"text":7172},{"id":7677,"depth":5293,"text":7678},{"id":7959,"depth":5293,"text":7960},{"id":8573,"depth":5286,"text":8574,"children":11443},[11444,11445],{"id":8577,"depth":5293,"text":8578},{"id":8880,"depth":5293,"text":8881},{"id":9037,"depth":5286,"text":9038,"children":11447},[11448,11449],{"id":9041,"depth":5293,"text":9042},{"id":9356,"depth":5293,"text":9357},{"id":9710,"depth":5286,"text":9711,"children":11451},[11452,11453,11454],{"id":9714,"depth":5293,"text":9715},{"id":10080,"depth":5293,"text":10081},{"id":10396,"depth":5293,"text":10397},{"id":10527,"depth":5286,"text":10528},{"id":10809,"depth":5286,"text":10810,"children":11457},[11458,11459],{"id":10813,"depth":5293,"text":10814},{"id":10939,"depth":5293,"text":11460},"Специфікатор final допомагає оптимізації",{"id":11065,"depth":5286,"text":11066},{"id":11153,"depth":5286,"text":11154},"Як компілятор реалізує динамічний поліморфізм на рівні машинних інструкцій. Віртуальні таблиці методів (vtable) та покажчики vptr. Раннє та пізнє зв'язування. Чому віртуальні функції не працюють у конструкторах. Вартість поліморфізму: накладні витрати на пам'ять та продуктивність.","md",null,{},{"title":2021,"description":11463},"T23gOEM61_2XgBOKFFdfS6JV6ZDnZl3sFbX-B0jbU2w",[11470,11472],{"title":2017,"path":2018,"stem":2019,"description":11471,"children":-1},"Специфікатор override для контролю правильності перевизначення методів. Специфікатор final для заборони подальшого наслідування. Смертельна небезпека невіртуальних деструкторів при видаленні поліморфних об'єктів. Фундаментальне правило віртуальних деструкторів у базових класах.",{"title":2025,"path":2026,"stem":2027,"description":11473,"children":-1},"Чисті віртуальні функції як непорушні контракти поведінки. Абстрактні класи та заборона інстанціювання. Інтерфейси в C++ та принцип інверсії залежностей. Чисті віртуальні деструктори та їх особливості. Проєктування гнучких систем через абстракції.",1792589353464]