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ОС","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fsystem-programming-windows\u002Fwindows-hooks-services","01.csharp\u002F07.system-programming-windows\u002F20.windows-hooks-services",{"title":376,"path":377,"stem":378},"Системне Програмування C# (Windows) — 07.system-programming-windows","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fsystem-programming-windows\u002Fimplementation_plan","01.csharp\u002F07.system-programming-windows\u002Fimplementation_plan",{"title":380,"icon":132,"path":381,"stem":382,"children":383,"page":59},"Io","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fio","01.csharp\u002F08.io",[384,388,392,396,400],{"title":385,"path":386,"stem":387},"8.1.1. Основи роботи з файловою системою","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fio\u002Ffile-system-basics","01.csharp\u002F08.io\u002F01.file-system-basics",{"title":389,"path":390,"stem":391},"8.1.2. Потоки (Streams) та Серіалізація Даних","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fio\u002Fstreams-serialization","01.csharp\u002F08.io\u002F02.streams-serialization",{"title":393,"path":394,"stem":395},"8.2.1. JSON Serialization з System.Text.Json","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fio\u002Fjson-serialization","01.csharp\u002F08.io\u002F03.json-serialization",{"title":397,"path":398,"stem":399},"8.2.2. XML Serialization та LINQ to XML","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fio\u002Fxml-serialization","01.csharp\u002F08.io\u002F04.xml-serialization",{"title":401,"path":402,"stem":403},"8.2.3. Binary Serialization: MessagePack та Protocol Buffers","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fio\u002Fbinary-serialization","01.csharp\u002F08.io\u002F05.binary-serialization",{"title":405,"icon":132,"path":406,"stem":407,"children":408,"page":59},"Ado Net","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fado-net","01.csharp\u002F09.ado-net",[409,413,417,421,425,429,433,437,441,445,449,453],{"title":410,"path":411,"stem":412},"9.1. Введення в ADO.NET","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fado-net\u002Fintroduction-to-adonet","01.csharp\u002F09.ado-net\u002F01.introduction-to-adonet",{"title":414,"path":415,"stem":416},"9.2. Клас DbConnection — з'єднання з базою даних","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fado-net\u002Fconnection","01.csharp\u002F09.ado-net\u002F02.connection",{"title":418,"path":419,"stem":420},"9.3. Клас DbCommand — виконання SQL-запитів","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fado-net\u002Fcommand-and-queries","01.csharp\u002F09.ado-net\u002F03.command-and-queries",{"title":422,"path":423,"stem":424},"9.4. Клас DbDataReader — ефективне читання даних","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fado-net\u002Fdatareader","01.csharp\u002F09.ado-net\u002F04.datareader",{"title":426,"path":427,"stem":428},"9.5. Параметризовані запити та захист від SQL Injection","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fado-net\u002Fparameters-and-sql-injection","01.csharp\u002F09.ado-net\u002F05.parameters-and-sql-injection",{"title":430,"path":431,"stem":432},"9.6. Транзакції в ADO.NET","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fado-net\u002Ftransactions","01.csharp\u002F09.ado-net\u002F06.transactions",{"title":434,"path":435,"stem":436},"9.7. DbProviderFactory — провайдер-незалежний код","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fado-net\u002Fprovider-factory","01.csharp\u002F09.ado-net\u002F07.provider-factory",{"title":438,"path":439,"stem":440},"9.8. Асинхронний доступ до даних","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fado-net\u002Fasync-data-access","01.csharp\u002F09.ado-net\u002F08.async-data-access",{"title":442,"path":443,"stem":444},"9.9. Від'єднаний режим: DataSet, DataTable, DataRow","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fado-net\u002Fdisconnected-mode-dataset","01.csharp\u002F09.ado-net\u002F09.disconnected-mode-dataset",{"title":446,"path":447,"stem":448},"9.10. DataAdapter — міст між DataSet та базою даних","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fado-net\u002Fdata-adapter","01.csharp\u002F09.ado-net\u002F10.data-adapter",{"title":450,"path":451,"stem":452},"9.11. Data Mapper та Repository: Архітектура доступу до даних","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fado-net\u002Fdata-mapper-repository","01.csharp\u002F09.ado-net\u002F11.data-mapper-repository",{"title":454,"path":455,"stem":456},"9.12. Identity Map, Unit of Work та Specification Pattern","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fado-net\u002Fadvanced-patterns","01.csharp\u002F09.ado-net\u002F12.advanced-patterns",{"title":458,"icon":255,"path":459,"stem":460,"children":461,"page":59},"Ef Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core",[462,466,470,474,478,482,486,490,494,498,502,506,510,514,518,522,526,532,538,542,546,550,554,558,562,566,570,574,578,582,586,590,594,598,602,606,610,614,618,622,626,630,634,638,642,646],{"title":463,"path":464,"stem":465},"Що таке ORM? Від SQL до об'єктів","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fwhat-is-orm","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F01.what-is-orm",{"title":467,"path":468,"stem":469},"Перший проєкт — від нуля до CRUD","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Ffirst-project","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F02.first-project",{"title":471,"path":472,"stem":473},"DbContext — Серце EF Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fdbcontext-deep-dive","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F03.dbcontext-deep-dive",{"title":475,"path":476,"stem":477},"Провайдери баз даних — Архітектура та Вибір СУБД","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fdatabase-providers","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F04.database-providers",{"title":479,"path":480,"stem":481},"Конвенції EF Core — Магія без конфігурації","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fconventions","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F05.conventions",{"title":483,"path":484,"stem":485},"Fluent API та Data Annotations — Явна конфігурація моделі","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Ffluent-api-vs-annotations","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F06.fluent-api-vs-annotations",{"title":487,"path":488,"stem":489},"Зв'язки — One-to-One та One-to-Many","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Frelationships-basics","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F07.relationships-basics",{"title":491,"path":492,"stem":493},"Зв'язки Advanced — Many-to-Many та Складні Сценарії","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Frelationships-advanced","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F08.relationships-advanced",{"title":495,"path":496,"stem":497},"Властивості — Типи, Конвертери, Компаратори (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fproperty-configuration-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F09.property-configuration-part1",{"title":499,"path":500,"stem":501},"Властивості — Value Comparers, Generators, Shadow Properties (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fproperty-configuration-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F09.property-configuration-part2",{"title":503,"path":504,"stem":505},"Складні типи — Owned Types та Complex Types (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fcomplex-types-owned-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F10.complex-types-owned-part1",{"title":507,"path":508,"stem":509},"Складні типи — Complex Types, Keyless Entities, Порівняння (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fcomplex-types-owned-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F10.complex-types-owned-part2",{"title":511,"path":512,"stem":513},"JSON Columns — Складні дані у JSON (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fjson-columns-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F11.json-columns-part1",{"title":515,"path":516,"stem":517},"JSON Columns — Value Comparers, Індекси, Провайдери (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fjson-columns-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F11.json-columns-part2",{"title":519,"path":520,"stem":521},"Успадкування — Абстрактні класи та TPH (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Finheritance-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F12.inheritance-part1",{"title":523,"path":524,"stem":525},"Успадкування — TPT, TPC та Порівняння Стратегій (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Finheritance-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F12.inheritance-part2",{"title":527,"path":528,"stem":529,"children":530},"Індекси, Обмеження та Схема (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Findexes-constraints-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F13.indexes-constraints-part1",[531],{"title":527,"path":528,"stem":529},{"title":533,"path":534,"stem":535,"children":536},"Індекси, Обмеження та Схема (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Findexes-constraints-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F13.indexes-constraints-part2",[537],{"title":533,"path":534,"stem":535},{"title":539,"path":540,"stem":541},"Seed Data — Початкові Дані (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fseeding-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F14.seeding-part1",{"title":543,"path":544,"stem":545},"Seed Data — SQL-скрипти, Bogus та Стратегії (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fseeding-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F14.seeding-part2",{"title":547,"path":548,"stem":549},"Global Query Filters — Глобальні Фільтри (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fglobal-query-filters-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F15.global-query-filters-part1",{"title":551,"path":552,"stem":553},"Global Query Filters — Підводні камені та Інтеграція (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fglobal-query-filters-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F15.global-query-filters-part2",{"title":555,"path":556,"stem":557},"LINQ-запити в EF Core (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Flinq-queries-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F16.linq-queries-part1",{"title":559,"path":560,"stem":561},"LINQ-запити в EF Core (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Flinq-queries-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F16.linq-queries-part2",{"title":563,"path":564,"stem":565},"Завантаження Пов'язаних Даних (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Floading-related-data-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F17.loading-related-data-part1",{"title":567,"path":568,"stem":569},"Завантаження Пов'язаних Даних (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Floading-related-data-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F17.loading-related-data-part2",{"title":571,"path":572,"stem":573},"Raw SQL, Views та Stored Procedures (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fraw-sql-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F18.raw-sql-part1",{"title":575,"path":576,"stem":577},"Raw SQL — Stored Procedures, DbFunction та Bulk Operations (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fraw-sql-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F18.raw-sql-part2",{"title":579,"path":580,"stem":581},"Продвинуті Запити — Compiled Queries, Bulk та Оптимізація (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fadvanced-queries-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F19.advanced-queries-part1",{"title":583,"path":584,"stem":585},"Продвинуті Запити — Query Tags, Bulk та Interceptors (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fadvanced-queries-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F19.advanced-queries-part2",{"title":587,"path":588,"stem":589},"Change Tracker — Відстеження Змін (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fchange-tracking-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F20.change-tracking-part1",{"title":591,"path":592,"stem":593},"Change Tracker — Графи Об'єктів та Disconnected (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fchange-tracking-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F20.change-tracking-part2",{"title":595,"path":596,"stem":597},"Збереження Даних та Транзакції (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fsaving-data-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F21.saving-data-part1",{"title":599,"path":600,"stem":601},"Збереження Даних — Concurrency та Outbox (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fsaving-data-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F21.saving-data-part2",{"title":603,"path":604,"stem":605},"Конкурентність та Блокування (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fconcurrency-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F22.concurrency-part1",{"title":607,"path":608,"stem":609},"Конкурентність — Дедлоки та Queue Processing (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fconcurrency-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F22.concurrency-part2",{"title":611,"path":612,"stem":613},"Міграції в EF Core — Основи (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fmigrations-basics-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F23.migrations-basics-part1",{"title":615,"path":616,"stem":617},"Міграції в EF Core — Основи (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fmigrations-basics-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F23.migrations-basics-part2",{"title":619,"path":620,"stem":621},"Міграції — Просунуті Сценарії (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fmigrations-advanced-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F24.migrations-advanced-part1",{"title":623,"path":624,"stem":625},"Міграції — Просунуті Сценарії (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fmigrations-advanced-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F24.migrations-advanced-part2",{"title":627,"path":628,"stem":629},"Управління Схемою та Database-First (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fschema-management-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F25.schema-management-part1",{"title":631,"path":632,"stem":633},"Управління Схемою та Database-First (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fschema-management-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F25.schema-management-part2",{"title":635,"path":636,"stem":637},"Продуктивність EF Core — Основи (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fperformance-fundamentals-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F26.performance-fundamentals-part1",{"title":639,"path":640,"stem":641},"Interceptors в EF Core (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Finterceptors-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F29.interceptors-part1",{"title":643,"path":644,"stem":645},"Interceptors в EF Core — Connection, Transaction та Materialization (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Finterceptors-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F29.interceptors-part2",{"title":647,"path":648,"stem":649},"План вивчення Entity Framework Core — Повний курс","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fimplementation_plan","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002Fimplementation_plan",{"title":651,"icon":652,"path":653,"stem":654,"children":655,"page":59},"ASP.NET","i-devicon-dotnetcore","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet",[656,730,791,869,927,941,967,1057,1111,1182,1212,1289,1346],{"title":657,"icon":658,"path":659,"stem":660,"children":661,"page":59},"Minimal API","i-lucide-network","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api",[662,666,670,674,678,682,686,690,694,698,702,706,710,714,718,722,726],{"title":663,"path":664,"stem":665},"Вступ до ASP.NET та еволюція фреймворку","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Fintroduction","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F01.introduction",{"title":667,"path":668,"stem":669},"Перший додаток на ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Ffirst-application","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F02.first-application",{"title":671,"path":672,"stem":673},"WebApplication, Builder та Dependency Injection","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Fwebapplication-builder","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F03.webapplication-builder",{"title":675,"path":676,"stem":677},"Конвеєр запитів та Middleware","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Frequest-pipeline-middleware","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F04.request-pipeline-middleware",{"title":679,"path":680,"stem":681},"Маршрутизація в ASP.NET Core: Основи","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Frouting-basics","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F05.routing-basics",{"title":683,"path":684,"stem":685},"Маршрутизація в ASP.NET Core: Розширені можливості","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Frouting-advanced","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F06.routing-advanced",{"title":687,"path":688,"stem":689},"Статичні файли в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Fstatic-files","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F07.static-files",{"title":691,"path":692,"stem":693},"Статичні Активи: MapStaticAssets (ASP.NET Core 9.0)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Fstatic-assets","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F08.static-assets",{"title":695,"path":696,"stem":697},"Конфігурація в ASP.NET Core: Основи","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Fconfiguration-fundamentals","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F09.configuration-fundamentals",{"title":699,"path":700,"stem":701},"Конфігурація: Паттерн Options","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Fconfiguration-options","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F10.configuration-options",{"title":703,"path":704,"stem":705},"Логування в ASP.NET Core: Основи","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Flogging-basics","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F11.logging-basics",{"title":707,"path":708,"stem":709},"Логування: Serilog та Middleware","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Flogging-advanced","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F12.logging-advanced",{"title":711,"path":712,"stem":713},"Управління станом: HttpContext.Items та Cookies","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Fstate-management","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F13.state-management",{"title":715,"path":716,"stem":717},"Стан сесії: Sessions","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Fsession-state","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F14.session-state",{"title":719,"path":720,"stem":721},"Структура проєкту: від хаосу до архітектури","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Fproject-structure","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F15.project-structure",{"title":723,"path":724,"stem":725},"Scalar у Minimal API: повний проєкт і Fluent OpenAPI","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Fscalar-openapi-fluent","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F16.scalar-openapi-fluent",{"title":727,"path":728,"stem":729},"Swagger \u002F Swashbuckle у Minimal API: окремий класичний шлях","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Fswagger-swashbuckle","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F17.swagger-swashbuckle",{"title":731,"icon":658,"path":732,"stem":733,"children":734,"page":59},"API","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api",[735,739,743,747,751,755,759,763,767,771,775,779,783,787],{"title":736,"path":737,"stem":738},"Що таке API. Клієнт-серверна архітектура","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Fwhat-is-api","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F01.what-is-api",{"title":740,"path":741,"stem":742},"Формати даних: JSON, XML, TOML та бінарні формати","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Fdata-formats","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F02.data-formats",{"title":744,"path":745,"stem":746},"Парадигми API та концепція REST","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Fapi-paradigms-rest","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F03.api-paradigms-rest",{"title":748,"path":749,"stem":750},"HTTP-методи, статус-коди та заголовки","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Fhttp-methods-status-codes","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F04.http-methods-status-codes",{"title":752,"path":753,"stem":754},"Організація HTTP API за принципами REST","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Frest-organizing","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F05.rest-organizing",{"title":756,"path":757,"stem":758},"Номенклатура URL та CRUD-операції","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Furl-nomenclature-crud","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F06.url-nomenclature-crud",{"title":760,"path":761,"stem":762},"Правила дизайну: іменування та стандарти","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Fapi-design-naming","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F07.api-design-naming",{"title":764,"path":765,"stem":766},"Валідація, ліміти та обробка помилок","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Fapi-design-validation","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F08.api-design-validation",{"title":768,"path":769,"stem":770},"Обробка помилок у Minimal API","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Ferror-handling-http","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F09.error-handling-http",{"title":772,"path":773,"stem":774},"Ідемпотентність та синхронізація стану","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Fidempotency-sync","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F10.idempotency-sync",{"title":776,"path":777,"stem":778},"Пагінація та організація списків","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Fpagination-lists","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F11.pagination-lists",{"title":780,"path":781,"stem":782},"Безпека API, кешування та інтернаціоналізація","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Fsecurity-auth","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F12.security-auth",{"title":784,"path":785,"stem":786},"Процес проєктування API та документування","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Fapi-design-process","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F13.api-design-process",{"title":788,"path":789,"stem":790},"OpenAPI: контракт, специфікація та документація API","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Fopenapi","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F14.openapi",{"title":792,"icon":793,"path":794,"stem":795,"children":796,"page":59},"Auth","i-lucide-shield-check","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth",[797,801,805,809,813,817,821,825,829,833,837,841,845,849,853,857,861,865],{"title":798,"path":799,"stem":800},"Основи аутентифікації та авторизації","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Fauth-fundamentals","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F01.auth-fundamentals",{"title":802,"path":803,"stem":804},"JWT-аутентифікація","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Fjwt-authentication","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F02.jwt-authentication",{"title":806,"path":807,"stem":808},"Авторизація: ролі, політики та resource-based доступ","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Fauthorization-policies","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F03.authorization-policies",{"title":810,"path":811,"stem":812},"Cookie-аутентифікація та ASP.NET Core Identity","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Fcookie-auth-identity","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F04.cookie-auth-identity",{"title":814,"path":815,"stem":816},"JWT + Refresh Tokens (HttpOnly Cookie)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002F04b.identity-auth-jwt","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F04b.identity-auth-jwt",{"title":818,"path":819,"stem":820},"Identity: Підтвердження Email та Скидання Пароля","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Fidentity-email-confirmation","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F05.identity-email-confirmation",{"title":822,"path":823,"stem":824},"Identity: Двофакторна Аутентифікація (2FA)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Fidentity-two-factor","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F06.identity-two-factor",{"title":826,"path":827,"stem":828},"Identity: Внутрішня Архітектура та Кастомізація","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Fidentity-internals","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F07.identity-internals",{"title":830,"path":831,"stem":832},"OAuth 2.0 та зовнішні провайдери","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Foauth-external-providers","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F08.oauth-external-providers",{"title":834,"path":835,"stem":836},"Безпека на практиці: CORS, HTTPS та захист від атак","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Fsecurity-hardening","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F09.security-hardening",{"title":838,"path":839,"stem":840},"Теорія OAuth 2.0: Поняття, Аналогії та Флоу","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Foauth-theory","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F10.oauth-theory",{"title":842,"path":843,"stem":844},"OIDC, OAuth 2.0 та Keycloak в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Foidc-keycloak","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F10.oidc-keycloak",{"title":846,"path":847,"stem":848},"API Keys аутентифікація в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Fapi-keys","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F11.api-keys",{"title":850,"path":851,"stem":852},"Rate Limiting та Throttling в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Frate-limiting","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F12.rate-limiting",{"title":854,"path":855,"stem":856},"Refresh Token Rotation в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Frefresh-token-rotation","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F13.refresh-token-rotation",{"title":858,"path":859,"stem":860},"Certificate Authentication та mTLS в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Fcertificate-auth","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F14.certificate-auth",{"title":862,"path":863,"stem":864},"RBAC, ABAC та ReBAC в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Frbac-abac-rebac","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F15.rbac-abac-rebac",{"title":866,"path":867,"stem":868},"Multi-tenancy та ізоляція даних в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Fmulti-tenancy","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F16.multi-tenancy",{"title":870,"icon":871,"path":872,"stem":873,"children":874,"page":59},"Нотифікації","i-lucide-bell","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications",[875,879,883,887,891,895,899,903,907,911,915,919,923],{"title":876,"path":877,"stem":878},"In-App нотифікації через базу даних","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications\u002Fin-app-database-notifications","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications\u002F01.in-app-database-notifications",{"title":880,"path":881,"stem":882},"Polling: Регулярний запит оновлень","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications\u002Fpolling","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications\u002F02.polling",{"title":884,"path":885,"stem":886},"Server-Sent Events: Однострімовий push від сервера","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications\u002Fserver-sent-events","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications\u002F03.server-sent-events",{"title":888,"path":889,"stem":890},"WebSockets: Двостороннє з'єднання в реальному часі","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications\u002Fwebsockets","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications\u002F04.websockets",{"title":892,"path":893,"stem":894},"SignalR: Абстракція над транспортами реального часу","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications\u002Fsignalr","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications\u002F05.signalr",{"title":896,"path":897,"stem":898},"Background Services: Фонові задачі в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications\u002Fbackground-services","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications\u002F06.background-services",{"title":900,"path":901,"stem":902},"Web Push нотифікації","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications\u002Fweb-push","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications\u002F07.web-push",{"title":904,"path":905,"stem":906},"Email нотифікації","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications\u002Femail-notifications","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications\u002F08.email-notifications",{"title":908,"path":909,"stem":910},"Порівняння підходів: Як вибрати правильну технологію нотифікацій","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications\u002Fchoosing-the-right-approach","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications\u002F09.choosing-the-right-approach",{"title":912,"path":913,"stem":914},"Hangfire: Надійне планування фонових задач","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications\u002Fhangfire","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications\u002F10.hangfire",{"title":916,"path":917,"stem":918},"Практика: Конвертація зображень у WebP через Hangfire","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications\u002Fhangfire-image-webp","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications\u002F11.hangfire-image-webp",{"title":920,"path":921,"stem":922},"Практика: Підготовка відео до HLS-стрімінгу через Hangfire","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications\u002Fhangfire-video-hls","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications\u002F12.hangfire-video-hls",{"title":924,"path":925,"stem":926},"Telegram-нотифікації: від одного повідомлення до масових розсилок і мульти-канального підходу","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications\u002Ftelegram-notifications","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications\u002F13.telegram-notifications",{"title":928,"icon":929,"path":930,"stem":931,"children":932,"page":59},"Інтернаціоналізація","i-lucide-languages","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fi18n","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F05.i18n",[933,937],{"title":934,"path":935,"stem":936},"Інтернаціоналізація (i18n) у Minimal API: від A до Я","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fi18n\u002Finternationalization","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F05.i18n\u002F01.internationalization",{"title":938,"path":939,"stem":940},"Humanizer: людиномовні рядки у .NET","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fi18n\u002Fhumanizer","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F05.i18n\u002F02.humanizer",{"title":942,"icon":943,"path":944,"stem":945,"children":946,"page":59},"Кешування","i-lucide-layers","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fcaching","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F06.caching",[947,951,955,959,963],{"title":948,"path":949,"stem":950},"Огляд кешування: чотири рівні і коли що обирати","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fcaching\u002Fcaching","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F06.caching\u002F01.caching",{"title":952,"path":953,"stem":954},"IMemoryCache: кеш в оперативній пам'яті","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fcaching\u002Fmemory-cache","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F06.caching\u002F02.memory-cache",{"title":956,"path":957,"stem":958},"IDistributedCache і Redis: розподілений кеш","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fcaching\u002Fdistributed-cache","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F06.caching\u002F03.distributed-cache",{"title":960,"path":961,"stem":962},"Response Cache: HTTP-кешування через Cache-Control","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fcaching\u002Fresponse-cache","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F06.caching\u002F04.response-cache",{"title":964,"path":965,"stem":966},"Output Cache: серверний кеш HTTP-відповідей (.NET 7+)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fcaching\u002Foutput-cache","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F06.caching\u002F05.output-cache",{"title":968,"icon":969,"path":970,"stem":971,"children":972,"page":59},"Тестування","i-lucide-test-tube","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing",[973,977,981,985,989,993,997,1001,1005,1009,1013,1017,1021,1025,1029,1033,1037,1041,1045,1049,1053],{"title":974,"path":975,"stem":976},"Що таке тестування? Від інтуїції до науки","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fwhat-is-testing","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F01.what-is-testing",{"title":978,"path":979,"stem":980},"Піраміда тестування — Стратегія, а не Догма","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Ftesting-pyramid","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F02.testing-pyramid",{"title":982,"path":983,"stem":984},"Дві Школи Тестування — Лондон проти Детройту","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Ftesting-schools","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F03.testing-schools",{"title":986,"path":987,"stem":988},"TDD та BDD — Тести як Дизайн-інструмент","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Ftdd-and-bdd","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F04.tdd-and-bdd",{"title":990,"path":991,"stem":992},"Що саме тестувати — Техніки аналізу та Циклomatична складність","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fwhat-to-test","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F05.what-to-test",{"title":994,"path":995,"stem":996},"Тестові Фреймворки — Навіщо вони і що всередині","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Ftest-frameworks","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F06.test-frameworks",{"title":998,"path":999,"stem":1000},"xUnit — Факти, Теорії та Lifecycle тестів","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fxunit-basics","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F07.xunit-basics",{"title":1002,"path":1003,"stem":1004},"xUnit Advanced — Fixtures, Кастомізація та Розширення","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fxunit-advanced","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F08.xunit-advanced",{"title":1006,"path":1007,"stem":1008},"Moq — Глибоке занурення в мокування","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fmocking-with-moq","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F09.mocking-with-moq",{"title":1010,"path":1011,"stem":1012},"Тестування Баз Даних — EF Core, SQLite та Testcontainers","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fdatabase-testing","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F10.database-testing",{"title":1014,"path":1015,"stem":1016},"Integration Testing — Частина 1 [Теорія та WebApplicationFactory]","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fintegration-testing","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F11.integration-testing",{"title":1018,"path":1019,"stem":1020},"Інтеграційне тестування — Практика","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002F11a.integration-testing-practice","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F11a.integration-testing-practice",{"title":1022,"path":1023,"stem":1024},"Integration Testing — Частина 2 [Просунуті Сценарії та Testcontainers]","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fintegration-testing-advanced","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F12.integration-testing-advanced",{"title":1026,"path":1027,"stem":1028},"Професійний Postman: Колекції, Змінні та GitHub Інтеграція","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fpostman-professional","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F13.postman-professional",{"title":1030,"path":1031,"stem":1032},"HttpClient у Тестах Частина 1: Архітектура та MockHttpMessageHandler","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fhttpclient-testing","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F14.httpclient-testing",{"title":1034,"path":1035,"stem":1036},"HttpClient у Тестах Частина 2: WireMock.Net та Resilience","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fwiremock-net","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F15.wiremock-net",{"title":1038,"path":1039,"stem":1040},"Патерни та Анти-патерни Тестування: Test Smells","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Ftesting-patterns","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F16.testing-patterns",{"title":1042,"path":1043,"stem":1044},"Просунуті інструменти: Time, Snapshots та Властивості","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fadvanced-testing-tools","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F17.advanced-testing-tools",{"title":1046,"path":1047,"stem":1048},"Тестування Архітектури з NetArchTest","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Farchitecture-testing","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F18.architecture-testing",{"title":1050,"path":1051,"stem":1052},"Тестування Продуктивності: BenchmarkDotNet, NBomber та k6","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fperformance-testing","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F19.performance-testing",{"title":1054,"path":1055,"stem":1056},"Залишок плану для курсу \"Тестування ASP.NET Minimal API\"","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fremaining_plan","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002Fremaining_plan",{"title":1058,"icon":1059,"path":1060,"stem":1061,"children":1062,"page":59},"Платежі","i-lucide-credit-card","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fpayments","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F08.payments",[1063,1067,1071,1075,1079,1083,1087,1091,1095,1099,1103,1107],{"title":1064,"path":1065,"stem":1066},"Основи платіжної інфраструктури","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fpayments\u002Fpayment-fundamentals","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F08.payments\u002F01.payment-fundamentals",{"title":1068,"path":1069,"stem":1070},"Методи оплати в Україні","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fpayments\u002Fpayment-methods-ukraine","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F08.payments\u002F02.payment-methods-ukraine",{"title":1072,"path":1073,"stem":1074},"PCI DSS та безпека платежів","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fpayments\u002Fpci-dss-security","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F08.payments\u002F03.pci-dss-security",{"title":1076,"path":1077,"stem":1078},"Архітектура платіжної підсистеми","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fpayments\u002Fpayment-architecture","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F08.payments\u002F04.payment-architecture",{"title":1080,"path":1081,"stem":1082},"Інтеграція LiqPay (ПриватБанк)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fpayments\u002Fliqpay-integration","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F08.payments\u002F05.liqpay-integration",{"title":1084,"path":1085,"stem":1086},"Інтеграція Monobank Acquiring API","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fpayments\u002Fmonobank-acquiring","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F08.payments\u002F06.monobank-acquiring",{"title":1088,"path":1089,"stem":1090},"Інтеграція Stripe","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fpayments\u002Fstripe-integration","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F08.payments\u002F07.stripe-integration",{"title":1092,"path":1093,"stem":1094},"Webhooks — глибоке занурення","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fpayments\u002Fwebhooks-deep-dive","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F08.payments\u002F08.webhooks-deep-dive",{"title":1096,"path":1097,"stem":1098},"Підписки та рекурентні платежі","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fpayments\u002Fsubscriptions-recurring","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F08.payments\u002F09.subscriptions-recurring",{"title":1100,"path":1101,"stem":1102},"Повернення коштів та диспути","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fpayments\u002Frefunds-disputes","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F08.payments\u002F10.refunds-disputes",{"title":1104,"path":1105,"stem":1106},"Тестування платіжних інтеграцій","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fpayments\u002Ftesting-payments","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F08.payments\u002F11.testing-payments",{"title":1108,"path":1109,"stem":1110},"Чекліст виходу в Production","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fpayments\u002Fproduction-checklist","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F08.payments\u002F12.production-checklist",{"title":1112,"icon":1113,"items":1114,"path":1127,"stem":1128,"children":1129,"page":59},"Популярні бібліотеки","lucide:box",[1115,1116,1117,1118,1119,1120,1121,1122,1123,1124,1125,1126],"01.fluent-validation","02.mapster","03.erroror-result-pattern","04.serilog","05.mediatr","06.polly","07.health-checks","08.feature-management","09.fluent-email","10.quest-pdf","11.bogus","12.humanizer-guard","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries",[1130,1134,1138,1142,1146,1150,1154,1158,1162,1166,1170,1174,1178],{"title":1131,"path":1132,"stem":1133},"Валідація з FluentValidation в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries\u002Ffluent-validation","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries\u002F01.fluent-validation",{"title":1135,"path":1136,"stem":1137},"Маппінг об","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries\u002Fmapster","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries\u002F02.mapster",{"title":1139,"path":1140,"stem":1141},"Обробка помилок з ErrorOr та Result Pattern в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries\u002Ferroror-result-pattern","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries\u002F03.erroror-result-pattern",{"title":1143,"path":1144,"stem":1145},"Структуроване логування з Serilog в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries\u002Fserilog","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries\u002F04.serilog",{"title":1147,"path":1148,"stem":1149},"CQRS та Mediator з MediatR в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries\u002Fmediatr","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries\u002F05.mediatr",{"title":1151,"path":1152,"stem":1153},"Відмовостійкість з Polly в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries\u002Fpolly","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries\u002F06.polly",{"title":1155,"path":1156,"stem":1157},"Health Checks в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries\u002Fhealth-checks","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries\u002F07.health-checks",{"title":1159,"path":1160,"stem":1161},"Feature Management та Feature Flags в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries\u002Ffeature-management","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries\u002F08.feature-management",{"title":1163,"path":1164,"stem":1165},"Відправка Email з FluentEmail в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries\u002Ffluent-email","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries\u002F09.fluent-email",{"title":1167,"path":1168,"stem":1169},"Генерація PDF з QuestPDF в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries\u002Fquest-pdf","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries\u002F10.quest-pdf",{"title":1171,"path":1172,"stem":1173},"Генерація тестових даних з Bogus в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries\u002Fbogus","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries\u002F11.bogus",{"title":1175,"path":1176,"stem":1177},"Humanizer та Guard Clauses в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries\u002Fhumanizer-guard","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries\u002F12.humanizer-guard",{"title":1179,"path":1180,"stem":1181},"План модуля 10.libraries — Популярні бібліотеки ASP.NET","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries\u002Fplan","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries\u002Fplan",{"title":1183,"icon":1184,"path":1185,"stem":1186,"children":1187,"page":59},"Razor Pages","i-lucide-layout-template","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Frazor-pages","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F10.razor-pages",[1188,1192,1196,1200,1204,1208],{"title":1189,"path":1190,"stem":1191},"Від Minimal API до Razor Pages: концептуальний перехід","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Frazor-pages\u002Ffrom-minimal-api","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F10.razor-pages\u002F01.from-minimal-api",{"title":1193,"path":1194,"stem":1195},"PageModel: логіка сторінки Razor Pages","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Frazor-pages\u002Fpage-model","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F10.razor-pages\u002F02.page-model",{"title":1197,"path":1198,"stem":1199},"Razor синтаксис: шаблонізатор у .cshtml","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Frazor-pages\u002Frazor-syntax","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F10.razor-pages\u002F03.razor-syntax",{"title":1201,"path":1202,"stem":1203},"Tag Helpers: типізований HTML","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Frazor-pages\u002Ftag-helpers","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F10.razor-pages\u002F04.tag-helpers",{"title":1205,"path":1206,"stem":1207},"Форми і валідація: повний цикл обробки даних","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Frazor-pages\u002Fforms-validation","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F10.razor-pages\u002F05.forms-validation",{"title":1209,"path":1210,"stem":1211},"Практичний проєкт: TaskManager на Razor Pages","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Frazor-pages\u002Fproject-task-manager","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F10.razor-pages\u002F06.project-task-manager",{"title":1213,"path":1214,"stem":1215,"children":1216,"page":59},"ASP.NET Core MVC","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc",[1217,1221,1225,1229,1233,1237,1241,1245,1249,1253,1257,1261,1265,1269,1273,1277,1281,1285],{"title":1218,"path":1219,"stem":1220},"Патерн MVC: архітектура, що змінила веб","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fmvc-pattern","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F01.mvc-pattern",{"title":1222,"path":1223,"stem":1224},"Від Razor Pages до MVC: концептуальний перехід","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Ffrom-razor-pages","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F02.from-razor-pages",{"title":1226,"path":1227,"stem":1228},"Controllers та Actions: серце MVC","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fcontrollers-actions","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F03.controllers-actions",{"title":1230,"path":1231,"stem":1232},"Маршрутизація в MVC: Convention vs Attribute Routing","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Frouting-mvc","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F04.routing-mvc",{"title":1234,"path":1235,"stem":1236},"Model Binding: від HTTP до C#","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fmodel-binding","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F05.model-binding",{"title":1238,"path":1239,"stem":1240},"Views, ViewData, ViewBag, TempData і ViewModel","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fviews-viewdata-tempdata","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F06.views-viewdata-tempdata",{"title":1242,"path":1243,"stem":1244},"Filters: аспектно-орієнтоване програмування в MVC","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Ffilters","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F07.filters",{"title":1246,"path":1247,"stem":1248},"Areas: структурування великих застосунків","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fareas","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F08.areas",{"title":1250,"path":1251,"stem":1252},"View Components: повторювані незалежні блоки UI","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fview-components","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F09.view-components",{"title":1254,"path":1255,"stem":1256},"Display та Editor Templates","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fdisplay-editor-templates","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F10.display-editor-templates",{"title":1258,"path":1259,"stem":1260},"Валідація: IValidatableObject та FluentValidation","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fvalidation-advanced","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F11.validation-advanced",{"title":1262,"path":1263,"stem":1264},"HTMX: інтерактивність через HTML-атрибути","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fhtmx","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F12.htmx",{"title":1266,"path":1267,"stem":1268},"HTMX у ASP.NET Core MVC: серверна інтеграція","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fajax-htmx-mvc","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F13.ajax-htmx-mvc",{"title":1270,"path":1271,"stem":1272},"Практичний проєкт: Каталог товарів з HTMX","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fhtmx-project","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F14.htmx-project",{"title":1274,"path":1275,"stem":1276},"Завантаження та обробка файлів","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Ffile-upload","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F15.file-upload",{"title":1278,"path":1279,"stem":1280},"Глобалізація та Локалізація MVC","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fglobalization-localization","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F16.globalization-localization",{"title":1282,"path":1283,"stem":1284},"Підсумковий проєкт: Блог-платформа","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fmvc-project","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F17.mvc-project",{"title":1286,"path":1287,"stem":1288},"План курсу: ASP.NET Core MVC","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fplan","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002Fplan",{"title":1290,"path":1291,"stem":1292,"children":1293,"page":59},"Web Api","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api",[1294,1298,1302,1306,1310,1314,1318,1322,1326,1330,1334,1338,1342],{"title":1295,"path":1296,"stem":1297},"Від Minimal API до Controller-based API","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api\u002Ffrom-minimal-api-to-controllers","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api\u002F01.from-minimal-api-to-controllers",{"title":1299,"path":1300,"stem":1301},"ControllerBase, ActionResult\u003CT> та Response Types","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api\u002Fcontroller-base-actionresult","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api\u002F02.controller-base-actionresult",{"title":1303,"path":1304,"stem":1305},"Content Negotiation - JSON, XML та власні форматери","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api\u002Fcontent-negotiation","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api\u002F03.content-negotiation",{"title":1307,"path":1308,"stem":1309},"Версіонування API","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api\u002Fapi-versioning","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api\u002F04.api-versioning",{"title":1311,"path":1312,"stem":1313},"ProblemDetails та структурована обробка помилок","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api\u002Fproblemdetails-error-handling","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api\u002F05.problemdetails-error-handling",{"title":1315,"path":1316,"stem":1317},"Фільтри у Web API контексті","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api\u002Ffilters-for-api","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api\u002F06.filters-for-api",{"title":1319,"path":1320,"stem":1321},"Пагінація, фільтрація та сортування","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api\u002Fpagination-filtering-sorting","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api\u002F07.pagination-filtering-sorting",{"title":1323,"path":1324,"stem":1325},"HATEOAS та Resource Expansion","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api\u002Fhateoas-resource-expansion","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api\u002F08.hateoas-resource-expansion",{"title":1327,"path":1328,"stem":1329},"Гібридна архітектура - Minimal API + Controllers","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api\u002Fminimal-api-vs-controllers-hybrid","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api\u002F09.minimal-api-vs-controllers-hybrid",{"title":1331,"path":1332,"stem":1333},"Документація API - Swashbuckle, NSwag та генерація клієнтів","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api\u002Fapi-documentation-generation","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api\u002F10.api-documentation-generation",{"title":1335,"path":1336,"stem":1337},"Health Checks та моніторинг API","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api\u002Fhealth-checks-monitoring","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api\u002F11.health-checks-monitoring",{"title":1339,"path":1340,"stem":1341},"Підсумковий проєкт - Production-Ready REST API","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api\u002Fweb-api-project","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api\u002F12.web-api-project",{"title":1343,"path":1344,"stem":1345},"План курсу: ASP.NET Core Web API (Controllers)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api\u002Fplan","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api\u002Fplan",{"title":1347,"icon":1348,"path":1349,"stem":1350,"children":1351,"page":59},"Моніторинг","i-lucide-activity","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmonitoring","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F13.monitoring",[1352,1356,1360],{"title":1353,"path":1354,"stem":1355},"Спостережуваність: від console.log до production-систем","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmonitoring\u002Fobservability-intro","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F13.monitoring\u002F01.observability-intro",{"title":1357,"path":1358,"stem":1359},"Health Checks: перший рівень observability","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmonitoring\u002Fhealth-checks","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F13.monitoring\u002F02.health-checks",{"title":1361,"path":1362,"stem":1363},"Вбудовані метрики .NET 10 та System.Diagnostics.Metrics","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmonitoring\u002Fdotnet-metrics","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F13.monitoring\u002F03.dotnet-metrics",{"title":1365,"icon":1366,"path":1367,"stem":1368,"children":1369,"page":59},"Desktop UI","i-lucide-app-window","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui",[1370,1374,1378,1382,1386,1390,1394,1398,1402,1406,1410,1414,1418,1422,1426,1430,1434,1438,1442,1446,1450,1454,1458,1462,1466,1470,1474,1478,1482,1486,1490,1494,1498,1502,1506,1510,1514,1518,1522,1526,1530,1534,1538,1542,1546,1550,1554,1558,1562,1566,1570,1574,1578,1582,1586,1590,1594,1598,1602,1606,1610,1614,1618,1622,1626,1630,1634,1638,1642,1646,1650],{"title":1371,"path":1372,"stem":1373},"Що таке десктопна розробка?","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fwhat-is-desktop-dev","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F01.what-is-desktop-dev",{"title":1375,"path":1376,"stem":1377},"Архітектура WPF — як влаштований графічний інтерфейс","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fwpf-architecture","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F02.wpf-architecture",{"title":1379,"path":1380,"stem":1381},"Перший WPF-проєкт — від нуля до вікна","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Ffirst-wpf-app","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F03.first-wpf-app",{"title":1383,"path":1384,"stem":1385},"Перший Avalonia-проєкт: WPF для всіх платформ","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F03a.first-avalonia-app","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F03a.first-avalonia-app",{"title":1387,"path":1388,"stem":1389},"XAML: декларативний інтерфейс","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fxaml-basics","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F04.xaml-basics",{"title":1391,"path":1392,"stem":1393},"Fluent UI у WPF — сучасний дизайн Windows 11","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F04a.wpf-fluent-ui","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F04a.wpf-fluent-ui",{"title":1395,"path":1396,"stem":1397},"WPF UI — сучасна бібліотека Fluent контролів","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F04b.wpf-ui-library","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F04b.wpf-ui-library",{"title":1399,"path":1400,"stem":1401},"HandyControl — велика бібліотека UI контролів для WPF","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F04c.handycontrol-library","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F04c.handycontrol-library",{"title":1403,"path":1404,"stem":1405},"Простори імен та ресурси XAML","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fxaml-namespaces-resources","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F05.xaml-namespaces-resources",{"title":1407,"path":1408,"stem":1409},"XAML в Avalonia: ключові відмінності від WPF","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F05a.avalonia-xaml-differences","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F05a.avalonia-xaml-differences",{"title":1411,"path":1412,"stem":1413},"Розширення розмітки XAML (Markup Extensions)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fxaml-markup-extensions","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F06.xaml-markup-extensions",{"title":1415,"path":1416,"stem":1417},"Панелі Layout: StackPanel, WrapPanel, DockPanel","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Flayout-panels-part1","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F07.layout-panels-part1",{"title":1419,"path":1420,"stem":1421},"Grid, Canvas, UniformGrid","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Flayout-panels-part2","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F07.layout-panels-part2",{"title":1423,"path":1424,"stem":1425},"Просунуті техніки Layout","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Flayout-advanced","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F08.layout-advanced",{"title":1427,"path":1428,"stem":1429},"Адаптивний Layout та найкращі практики","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Flayout-responsive","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F09.layout-responsive",{"title":1431,"path":1432,"stem":1433},"Layout в Avalonia: відмінності та нові можливості","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F09a.layout-avalonia","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F09a.layout-avalonia",{"title":1435,"path":1436,"stem":1437},"Button, Image, ProgressBar та інші базові контроли","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fbasic-controls","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F10.basic-controls",{"title":1439,"path":1440,"stem":1441},"Контроли в Avalonia: відмінності від WPF","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F10a.controls-avalonia","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F10a.controls-avalonia",{"title":1443,"path":1444,"stem":1445},"Текстові контроли — TextBlock, TextBox, RichTextBox","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Ftext-controls","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F11.text-controls",{"title":1447,"path":1448,"stem":1449},"Контроли вибору — CheckBox, RadioButton, ComboBox, ListBox, DatePicker","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fselection-controls","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F12.selection-controls",{"title":1451,"path":1452,"stem":1453},"Content Model — GroupBox, Expander, TabControl, StatusBar","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fcontent-controls","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F13.content-controls",{"title":1455,"path":1456,"stem":1457},"UI\u002FUX принципи десктопних застосунків","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F13a.ui-ux-principles","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F13a.ui-ux-principles",{"title":1459,"path":1460,"stem":1461},"Dependency Properties — Концепція та Value Resolution","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fdependency-properties-part1","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F14.dependency-properties-part1",{"title":1463,"path":1464,"stem":1465},"Avalonia Property System — StyledProperty та DirectProperty","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F14a.avalonia-property-system","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F14a.avalonia-property-system",{"title":1467,"path":1468,"stem":1469},"Attached Properties — Властивості без меж","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fattached-properties","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F15.attached-properties",{"title":1471,"path":1472,"stem":1473},"Routed Events — Маршрутизація подій у WPF","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Frouted-events","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F16.routed-events",{"title":1475,"path":1476,"stem":1477},"Data Binding — Від Code-Behind до Декларативності","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fdata-binding-basics-part1","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F17.data-binding-basics-part1",{"title":1479,"path":1480,"stem":1481},"INotifyPropertyChanged — Живе оновлення UI","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fdata-binding-basics-part2","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F17.data-binding-basics-part2",{"title":1483,"path":1484,"stem":1485},"Compiled Bindings в Avalonia — Безпека на етапі компіляції","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F17a.avalonia-compiled-bindings","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F17a.avalonia-compiled-bindings",{"title":1487,"path":1488,"stem":1489},"Просунутий Data Binding — ElementName, RelativeSource, MultiBinding","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fdata-binding-advanced","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F18.data-binding-advanced",{"title":1491,"path":1492,"stem":1493},"Value Converters — Перетворення типів даних у Data Binding","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fvalue-converters","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F19.value-converters",{"title":1495,"path":1496,"stem":1497},"Data Templates — Візуалізація об'єктів у WPF","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fdata-templates","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F20.data-templates",{"title":1499,"path":1500,"stem":1501},"Collections Binding Part 1 — ObservableCollection та ItemsControl","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fcollections-binding-part1","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F21.collections-binding-part1",{"title":1503,"path":1504,"stem":1505},"Collections Binding Part 2 — ICollectionView, Filtering, Sorting та Virtualization","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fcollections-binding-part2","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F21.collections-binding-part2",{"title":1507,"path":1508,"stem":1509},"MVVM Pattern — Від Spaghetti Code до архітектури","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fmvvm-pattern","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F22.mvvm-pattern",{"title":1511,"path":1512,"stem":1513},"ViewModel Implementation — Від BaseViewModel до валідації","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fviewmodel-implementation","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F23.viewmodel-implementation",{"title":1515,"path":1516,"stem":1517},"Commands — Від event handlers до декларативних команд","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fcommands","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F24.commands",{"title":1519,"path":1520,"stem":1521},"MVVM Toolkit — MVVM без boilerplate через Source Generators","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fmvvm-toolkit","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F25.mvvm-toolkit",{"title":1523,"path":1524,"stem":1525},"Messenger Pattern — Комунікація між ViewModel без прямих посилань","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fmessenger-pattern","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F26.messenger-pattern",{"title":1527,"path":1528,"stem":1529},"Стилі WPF — CSS для десктопу","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fstyles-basics","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F27.styles-basics",{"title":1531,"path":1532,"stem":1533},"CSS-like стилі Avalonia","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F27a.avalonia-css-styling","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F27a.avalonia-css-styling",{"title":1535,"path":1536,"stem":1537},"Control Templates — Частина 1. Концепція та TemplateBinding","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fcontrol-templates-part1","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F28.control-templates-part1",{"title":1539,"path":1540,"stem":1541},"Control Templates — Частина 2. Named Parts та ContentPresenter","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fcontrol-templates-part2","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F28.control-templates-part2",{"title":1543,"path":1544,"stem":1545},"Control Themes в Avalonia — нова ера стилізації","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F28a.avalonia-control-themes","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F28a.avalonia-control-themes",{"title":1547,"path":1548,"stem":1549},"Triggers та Visual State Manager у WPF","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Ftriggers-visual-states","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F29.triggers-visual-states",{"title":1551,"path":1552,"stem":1553},"Pseudo-classes в Avalonia — замість WPF Triggers","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F29a.avalonia-pseudo-classes","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F29a.avalonia-pseudo-classes",{"title":1555,"path":1556,"stem":1557},"Теми та ресурсні словники у WPF","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fresources-themes","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F30.resources-themes",{"title":1559,"path":1560,"stem":1561},"Avalonia Themes — Fluent Design та система тематизації","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F30a.avalonia-themes-fluent","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F30a.avalonia-themes-fluent",{"title":1563,"path":1564,"stem":1565},"Контроли колекцій — глибоке занурення","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fcollection-controls","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F31.collection-controls",{"title":1567,"path":1568,"stem":1569},"DataGrid — колонки та базове відображення","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fdatagrid-part1","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F32.datagrid-part1",{"title":1571,"path":1572,"stem":1573},"DataGrid — сортування, фільтрація, редагування","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fdatagrid-part2","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F32.datagrid-part2",{"title":1575,"path":1576,"stem":1577},"TreeView та GridView","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Ftreeview-listview","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F33.treeview-listview",{"title":1579,"path":1580,"stem":1581},"Меню, Toolbar, ContextMenu, StatusBar","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fmenus-toolbars","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F34.menus-toolbars",{"title":1583,"path":1584,"stem":1585},"Навігація та керування вікнами. Частина 1: вікна та сторінки","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fnavigation-windows-part1","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F35.navigation-windows-part1",{"title":1587,"path":1588,"stem":1589},"Навігація та керування вікнами. Частина 2: MVVM-навігація","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fnavigation-windows-part2","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F35.navigation-windows-part2",{"title":1591,"path":1592,"stem":1593},"Avalonia — Навігація та діалоги","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F35a.avalonia-navigation-dialogs","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F35a.avalonia-navigation-dialogs",{"title":1595,"path":1596,"stem":1597},"Діалоги та File Pickers у WPF","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fdialogs-file-pickers","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F36.dialogs-file-pickers",{"title":1599,"path":1600,"stem":1601},"UserControl: компонентний підхід у WPF","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fuser-controls","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F37.user-controls",{"title":1603,"path":1604,"stem":1605},"Custom Controls: Lookless Controls у WPF","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fcustom-controls","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F38.custom-controls",{"title":1607,"path":1608,"stem":1609},"Avalonia TemplatedControl — Lookless Controls","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F38a.avalonia-templated-controls","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F38a.avalonia-templated-controls",{"title":1611,"path":1612,"stem":1613},"Анімації у WPF: Storyboard та Easing Functions","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fanimations-transitions","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F39.animations-transitions",{"title":1615,"path":1616,"stem":1617},"Анімації в Avalonia","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F39a.avalonia-animations","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F39a.avalonia-animations",{"title":1619,"path":1620,"stem":1621},"2D Графіка та Мультимедіа у WPF","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fmedia-graphics","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F40.media-graphics",{"title":1623,"path":1624,"stem":1625},"Dependency Injection у WPF та Avalonia","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fdi-integration","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F41.di-integration",{"title":1627,"path":1628,"stem":1629},"SQLite та EF Core у десктопних додатках","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fdata-persistence-part1","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F42.data-persistence-part1",{"title":1631,"path":1632,"stem":1633},"Repository Pattern та Unit of Work","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fdata-persistence-part2","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F43.data-persistence-part2",{"title":1635,"path":1636,"stem":1637},"Тестування ViewModels","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fviewmodel-testing","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F44.viewmodel-testing",{"title":1639,"path":1640,"stem":1641},"Avalonia Headless Testing — тестування UI без вікон","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F44a.avalonia-headless-testing","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F44a.avalonia-headless-testing",{"title":1643,"path":1644,"stem":1645},"Кросплатформна розробка з Avalonia","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Favalonia-cross-platform","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F45.avalonia-cross-platform",{"title":1647,"path":1648,"stem":1649},"Пакування та розгортання Avalonia додатків","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Favalonia-packaging-deployment","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F46.avalonia-packaging-deployment",{"title":1651,"path":1652,"stem":1653},"Розгортання WPF застосунків","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fwpf-packaging-deployment","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F47.wpf-packaging-deployment",{"title":1655,"icon":658,"path":1656,"stem":1657,"children":1658,"page":59},"Network Programming","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fnetwork-programming","01.csharp\u002F13.network-programming",[1659,1663,1667,1671,1675,1679,1683,1687,1691,1695,1699],{"title":1660,"path":1661,"stem":1662},"Основи комп'ютерних мереж","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fnetwork-programming\u002Ffoundations","01.csharp\u002F13.network-programming\u002F01.foundations",{"title":1664,"path":1665,"stem":1666},"Модель OSI та стек TCP\u002FIP","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fnetwork-programming\u002Fosi-model","01.csharp\u002F13.network-programming\u002F02.osi-model",{"title":1668,"path":1669,"stem":1670},"IP-протокол та адресація","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fnetwork-programming\u002Fip-addressing","01.csharp\u002F13.network-programming\u002F03.ip-addressing",{"title":1672,"path":1673,"stem":1674},"UDP — протокол без з'єднання","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fnetwork-programming\u002Fudp","01.csharp\u002F13.network-programming\u002F05.udp",{"title":1676,"path":1677,"stem":1678},"UDP Broadcast та Multicast","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fnetwork-programming\u002Fudp-broadcast-multicast","01.csharp\u002F13.network-programming\u002F06.udp-broadcast-multicast",{"title":1680,"path":1681,"stem":1682},"HTTP — протокол вебу","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fnetwork-programming\u002Fhttp-fundamentals","01.csharp\u002F13.network-programming\u002F07.http-fundamentals",{"title":1684,"path":1685,"stem":1686},"HttpListener — вбудований HTTP-сервер .NET","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fnetwork-programming\u002F07a.http-listener","01.csharp\u002F13.network-programming\u002F07a.http-listener",{"title":1688,"path":1689,"stem":1690},"HTTP Advanced — cookies, аутентифікація та HTTPS","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fnetwork-programming\u002Fhttp-advanced","01.csharp\u002F13.network-programming\u002F08.http-advanced",{"title":1692,"path":1693,"stem":1694},"SMTP та протоколи електронної пошти","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fnetwork-programming\u002Fsmtp","01.csharp\u002F13.network-programming\u002F09.smtp",{"title":1696,"path":1697,"stem":1698},"WebSocket — повнодуплексний протокол реального часу","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fnetwork-programming\u002Fwebsockets","01.csharp\u002F13.network-programming\u002F10.websockets",{"title":1700,"path":1701,"stem":1702},"TLS\u002FSSL — криптографічний захист мережевих з'єднань","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fnetwork-programming\u002Ftls-ssl","01.csharp\u002F13.network-programming\u002F11.tls-ssl",{"title":1704,"path":1705,"stem":1706},"C# & .NET: The Ultimate Roadmap","\u002Fcsharp\u002Froadmap","01.csharp\u002Froadmap",{"title":1708,"icon":1709,"path":1710,"stem":1711,"children":1712,"page":59},"C++","i-devicon-cplusplus","\u002Fcpp","02.cpp",[1713,1717,1721,1725,1729,1733,1737,1741,1745,1748,1752,1756,1760,1764,1768,1772,1776,1780,1784,1788,1792,1796,1800,1804,1808,1812,1816,1820,1824,1828,1832,1836,1840,1844,1848,1852,1856,1860,1864,1868,1872,1876,1880,1884,1888,1892],{"title":1714,"path":1715,"stem":1716},"Вступ у програмування та алгоритми","\u002Fcpp\u002Fintro-algorithms","02.cpp\u002F01.intro-algorithms",{"title":1718,"path":1719,"stem":1720},"Code Style: угоди про оформлення коду","\u002Fcpp\u002Fcode-style","02.cpp\u002F02.code-style",{"title":1722,"path":1723,"stem":1724},"Середовище розробки та перший проєкт","\u002Fcpp\u002Fide-setup","02.cpp\u002F03.ide-setup",{"title":1726,"path":1727,"stem":1728},"Вивід даних на екран","\u002Fcpp\u002Fdata-output","02.cpp\u002F04.data-output",{"title":1730,"path":1731,"stem":1732},"Типи даних, змінні та константи","\u002Fcpp\u002Fdata-types-variables","02.cpp\u002F05.data-types-variables",{"title":1734,"path":1735,"stem":1736},"Ввід даних з клавіатури","\u002Fcpp\u002Fdata-input","02.cpp\u002F06.data-input",{"title":1738,"path":1739,"stem":1740},"Оператори, перетворення типів та логічні операції","\u002Fcpp\u002Foperators-type-conversion","02.cpp\u002F07.operators-type-conversion",{"title":1742,"path":1743,"stem":1744},"Цикли","\u002Fcpp\u002Floops","02.cpp\u002F08.loops",{"title":32,"path":1746,"stem":1747},"\u002Fcpp\u002Farrays","02.cpp\u002F09.arrays",{"title":1749,"path":1750,"stem":1751},"Алгоритми сортування та аналіз складності","\u002Fcpp\u002Fsorting","02.cpp\u002F10.sorting",{"title":1753,"path":1754,"stem":1755},"Алгоритми пошуку","\u002Fcpp\u002Fsearching","02.cpp\u002F11.searching",{"title":1757,"path":1758,"stem":1759},"Функції: основи","\u002Fcpp\u002Ffunctions-basics","02.cpp\u002F12.functions-basics",{"title":1761,"path":1762,"stem":1763},"Функції: прототипи, область видимості та додаткові можливості","\u002Fcpp\u002Ffunctions-scope","02.cpp\u002F13.functions-scope",{"title":1765,"path":1766,"stem":1767},"Функції: перевантаження та шаблони","\u002Fcpp\u002Ffunctions-overloading-templates","02.cpp\u002F14.functions-overloading-templates",{"title":1769,"path":1770,"stem":1771},"Вказівники: основи","\u002Fcpp\u002Fpointers-basics","02.cpp\u002F15.pointers-basics",{"title":1773,"path":1774,"stem":1775},"Посилання (References)","\u002Fcpp\u002Freferences","02.cpp\u002F16.references",{"title":1777,"path":1778,"stem":1779},"Вказівники, const і масиви","\u002Fcpp\u002Fpointers-const-arrays","02.cpp\u002F17.pointers-const-arrays",{"title":1781,"path":1782,"stem":1783},"Адресна арифметика","\u002Fcpp\u002Fpointer-arithmetic","02.cpp\u002F18.pointer-arithmetic",{"title":1785,"path":1786,"stem":1787},"Динамічна пам'ять","\u002Fcpp\u002Fdynamic-memory","02.cpp\u002F19.dynamic-memory",{"title":1789,"path":1790,"stem":1791},"Вказівники типу void","\u002Fcpp\u002Fvoid-pointers","02.cpp\u002F20.void-pointers",{"title":1793,"path":1794,"stem":1795},"Вказівники на вказівники","\u002Fcpp\u002Fpointers-to-pointers","02.cpp\u002F21.pointers-to-pointers",{"title":1797,"path":1798,"stem":1799},"Оператор доступу до членів через вказівник (->)","\u002Fcpp\u002Fmember-access-operator","02.cpp\u002F22.member-access-operator",{"title":1801,"path":1802,"stem":1803},"Цикл for-each (Range-based for)","\u002Fcpp\u002Fforeach-loop","02.cpp\u002F23.foreach-loop",{"title":1805,"path":1806,"stem":1807},"Вказівники на функції","\u002Fcpp\u002Ffunction-pointers","02.cpp\u002F24.function-pointers",{"title":1809,"path":1810,"stem":1811},"Лямбда-вирази","\u002Fcpp\u002Flambdas","02.cpp\u002F25.lambdas",{"title":1813,"path":1814,"stem":1815},"Лямбда-захоплення","\u002Fcpp\u002Flambda-captures","02.cpp\u002F26.lambda-captures",{"title":1817,"path":1818,"stem":1819},"Еліпсис","\u002Fcpp\u002Fellipsis","02.cpp\u002F27.ellipsis",{"title":1821,"path":1822,"stem":1823},"Безпечні альтернативи еліпсису","\u002Fcpp\u002F27a.ellipsis","02.cpp\u002F27a.ellipsis",{"title":1825,"path":1826,"stem":1827},"Аргументи командного рядка","\u002Fcpp\u002Fcommand-line-arguments","02.cpp\u002F28.command-line-arguments",{"title":1829,"path":1830,"stem":1831},"Перерахування (enum)","\u002Fcpp\u002Fenum","02.cpp\u002F29.enum",{"title":1833,"path":1834,"stem":1835},"Класи-перерахування (enum class)","\u002Fcpp\u002Fenum-class","02.cpp\u002F30.enum-class",{"title":1837,"path":1838,"stem":1839},"Псевдоніми типів (typedef і using)","\u002Fcpp\u002Ftype-aliases","02.cpp\u002F31.type-aliases",{"title":1841,"path":1842,"stem":1843},"Системи числення та двійкова арифметика","\u002Fcpp\u002Fnumber-systems","02.cpp\u002F32.number-systems",{"title":1845,"path":1846,"stem":1847},"Структури (struct): агрегування даних","\u002Fcpp\u002Fstruct","02.cpp\u002F33.struct",{"title":1849,"path":1850,"stem":1851},"Структури у функціях","\u002Fcpp\u002Fstruct-functions","02.cpp\u002F34.struct-functions",{"title":1853,"path":1854,"stem":1855},"Масиви структур і вкладені структури","\u002Fcpp\u002Fstruct-arrays","02.cpp\u002F35.struct-arrays",{"title":1857,"path":1858,"stem":1859},"Патерни struct та межі застосування","\u002Fcpp\u002Fstruct-patterns","02.cpp\u002F36.struct-patterns",{"title":1861,"path":1862,"stem":1863},"Символи та таблиця ASCII","\u002Fcpp\u002Fascii-characters","02.cpp\u002F37.ascii-characters",{"title":1865,"path":1866,"stem":1867},"Unicode та кодування UTF","\u002Fcpp\u002Funicode-utf","02.cpp\u002F38.unicode-utf",{"title":1869,"path":1870,"stem":1871},"C-style рядки","\u002Fcpp\u002Fc-strings","02.cpp\u002F39.c-strings",{"title":1873,"path":1874,"stem":1875},"Вступ до std::string","\u002Fcpp\u002Fstd-string-intro","02.cpp\u002F40.std-string-intro",{"title":1877,"path":1878,"stem":1879},"Довжина, ємність та доступ до символів std::string","\u002Fcpp\u002Fstd-string-capacity-access","02.cpp\u002F41.std-string-capacity-access",{"title":1881,"path":1882,"stem":1883},"Модифікація std::string: присвоювання, додавання, вставка, видалення та заміна","\u002Fcpp\u002Fstd-string-modification","02.cpp\u002F42.std-string-modification",{"title":1885,"path":1886,"stem":1887},"Пошук у std::string: find, npos та практичні патерни","\u002Fcpp\u002Fstd-string-search","02.cpp\u002F43.std-string-search",{"title":1889,"path":1890,"stem":1891},"std::string_view: невласницький погляд на рядок без копіювання","\u002Fcpp\u002Fstd-string-view","02.cpp\u002F44.std-string-view",{"title":1893,"path":1894,"stem":1895},"План навчання: Курс C++ — Продовження (Статті 29–60+)","\u002Fcpp\u002Fcurriculum-plan","02.cpp\u002Fcurriculum-plan",{"title":1897,"icon":1898,"path":1899,"stem":1900,"children":1901,"page":59},"JavaScript","i-devicon-javascript","\u002Fjavascript","03.javascript",[1902,1928,1982,2004,2308,2346],{"title":1903,"icon":1904,"path":1905,"stem":1906,"children":1907,"page":59},"Events","i-lucide-mouse-pointer-click","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fevents","03.javascript\u002F01.events",[1908,1912,1916,1920,1924],{"title":1909,"path":1910,"stem":1911},"Вступ до подій браузера","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fevents\u002Fintro","03.javascript\u002F01.events\u002F01.intro",{"title":1913,"path":1914,"stem":1915},"Бульбашковий механізм (Bubbling) та занурення (Capturing)","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fevents\u002Fbubbling-capturing","03.javascript\u002F01.events\u002F02.bubbling-capturing",{"title":1917,"path":1918,"stem":1919},"Делегування подій (Event Delegation)","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fevents\u002Fdelegate-events","03.javascript\u002F01.events\u002F03.delegate-events",{"title":1921,"path":1922,"stem":1923},"Типові дії браузера та preventDefault()","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fevents\u002Fprevent-default","03.javascript\u002F01.events\u002F04.prevent-default",{"title":1925,"path":1926,"stem":1927},"Запуск користувацьких подій (Custom Events)","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fevents\u002Fcustom-events","03.javascript\u002F01.events\u002F05.custom-events",{"title":1929,"icon":1930,"path":1931,"stem":1932,"children":1933,"page":59},"Network","i-lucide-globe","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fnetwork","03.javascript\u002F02.network",[1934,1938,1942,1946,1950,1954,1958,1962,1966,1970,1974,1978],{"title":1935,"path":1936,"stem":1937},"Fetch API - Сучасний підхід до HTTP-запитів","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fnetwork\u002F01-fetch-api","03.javascript\u002F02.network\u002F01-fetch-api",{"title":1939,"path":1940,"stem":1941},"FormData - Робота з формами та файлами","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fnetwork\u002F02-formdata","03.javascript\u002F02.network\u002F02-formdata",{"title":1943,"path":1944,"stem":1945},"Відстеження прогресу завантаження","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fnetwork\u002F03-download-progress","03.javascript\u002F02.network\u002F03-download-progress",{"title":1947,"path":1948,"stem":1949},"Переривання fetch-запитів","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fnetwork\u002F04-abort-requests","03.javascript\u002F02.network\u002F04-abort-requests",{"title":1951,"path":1952,"stem":1953},"CORS - Запити між різними джерелами","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fnetwork\u002F05-cors","03.javascript\u002F02.network\u002F05-cors",{"title":1955,"path":1956,"stem":1957},"Fetch API - Повний довідник опцій","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fnetwork\u002F06-fetch-options","03.javascript\u002F02.network\u002F06-fetch-options",{"title":1959,"path":1960,"stem":1961},"URL Objects - Робота з посиланнями","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fnetwork\u002F07-url-objects","03.javascript\u002F02.network\u002F07-url-objects",{"title":1963,"path":1964,"stem":1965},"XMLHttpRequest - AJAX та низькорівневі запити","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fnetwork\u002F08-xmlhttprequest","03.javascript\u002F02.network\u002F08-xmlhttprequest",{"title":1967,"path":1968,"stem":1969},"Відновлюване завантаження файлів","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fnetwork\u002F09-resumable-upload","03.javascript\u002F02.network\u002F09-resumable-upload",{"title":1971,"path":1972,"stem":1973},"Cookies, document.cookie та світ після \"Cookiepocalypse\"","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fnetwork\u002F10-cookies","03.javascript\u002F02.network\u002F10-cookies",{"title":1975,"path":1976,"stem":1977},"js-cookie: Керування Cookies без Болю","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fnetwork\u002F11-js-cookie","03.javascript\u002F02.network\u002F11-js-cookie",{"title":1979,"path":1980,"stem":1981},"Axios: Потужний HTTP-клієнт для JavaScript","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fnetwork\u002F12-axios","03.javascript\u002F02.network\u002F12-axios",{"title":1983,"icon":1984,"path":1985,"stem":1986,"children":1987,"page":59},"Bom","i-lucide-monitor","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fbom","03.javascript\u002F03.bom",[1988,1992,1996,2000],{"title":1989,"path":1990,"stem":1991},"LocalStorage, SessionStorage та patterns збереження даних","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fbom\u002F01-localstorage","03.javascript\u002F03.bom\u002F01-localstorage",{"title":1993,"path":1994,"stem":1995},"Location Object - Керування адресою сторінки","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fbom\u002F02-location-object","03.javascript\u002F03.bom\u002F02-location-object",{"title":1997,"path":1998,"stem":1999},"History API - Керування історією браузера","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fbom\u002F03-history-api","03.javascript\u002F03.bom\u002F03-history-api",{"title":2001,"path":2002,"stem":2003},"Navigator Object - Ідентифікація та Можливості Пристрою","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fbom\u002F04-navigator-object","03.javascript\u002F03.bom\u002F04-navigator-object",{"title":2005,"icon":2006,"path":2007,"stem":2008,"children":2009},"React","i-devicon-react","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002Findex",[2010,2011,2015,2019,2023,2027,2090,2125,2277],{"title":2005,"path":2007,"stem":2008},{"title":2012,"path":2013,"stem":2014},"Робота з Формами в React","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Freact-forms","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F01.react-forms",{"title":2016,"path":2017,"stem":2018},"React Hook Form: Професійна Робота з Формами","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Freact-hook-form","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F02.react-hook-form",{"title":2020,"path":2021,"stem":2022},"React Hook Form: Глибоке Розуміння Архітектури та Оптимізації","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Freact-hook-form-new","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F02.react-hook-form-new",{"title":2024,"path":2025,"stem":2026},"Axios та React: Професійна Архітектура Запитів","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fdata-fetching-axios","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F03.data-fetching-axios",{"title":2028,"icon":132,"path":2029,"stem":2030,"children":2031},"Tanstack Query","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002Findex",[2032,2034,2038,2042,2046,2050,2054,2058,2062,2066,2070,2074,2078,2082,2086],{"title":2033,"path":2029,"stem":2030},"TanStack Query: Майстерність Керування Станом Сервера",{"title":2035,"path":2036,"stem":2037},"Парадигма Server State: Чому useEffect недостатньо","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Fserver-state-paradigm","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F01.server-state-paradigm",{"title":2039,"path":2040,"stem":2041},"Встановлення та Налаштування: Фундамент","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Finstallation-and-devtools","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F02.installation-and-devtools",{"title":2043,"path":2044,"stem":2045},"Основи Запитів та Магія Ключів","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Fquery-basics-and-keys","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F03.query-basics-and-keys",{"title":2047,"path":2048,"stem":2049},"Синхронізація Даних: Життєвий Цикл Запиту","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Fdata-synchronization","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F04.data-synchronization",{"title":2051,"path":2052,"stem":2053},"Мутації та Інвалідація: Зміна Даних","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Fmutations-and-invalidation","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F05.mutations-and-invalidation",{"title":2055,"path":2056,"stem":2057},"Оптимістичні Оновлення: Швидше за Світло","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Foptimistic-updates","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F06.optimistic-updates",{"title":2059,"path":2060,"stem":2061},"Пагінація та Infinite Scroll","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Fpagination-and-load-more","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F07.pagination-and-load-more",{"title":2063,"path":2064,"stem":2065},"Просунуті Патерни та Оптимізація","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Fadvanced-patterns","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F08.advanced-patterns",{"title":2067,"path":2068,"stem":2069},"Архітектура та Best Practices","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Farchitecture-and-best-practices","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F09.architecture-and-best-practices",{"title":2071,"path":2072,"stem":2073},"Server-Side Rendering (SSR) та Гідратація","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Fserver-side-rendering","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F10.server-side-rendering",{"title":2075,"path":2076,"stem":2077},"Стратегії Тестування","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Ftesting-strategies","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F11.testing-strategies",{"title":2079,"path":2080,"stem":2081},"Аутентифікація та Обробка Помилок","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Fauthentication-and-errors","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F12.authentication-and-errors",{"title":2083,"path":2084,"stem":2085},"React Suspense та Майбутнє","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Freact-suspense","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F13.react-suspense",{"title":2087,"path":2088,"stem":2089},"Глибоке Занурення в Продуктивність","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Fperformance-deep-dive","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F14.performance-deep-dive",{"title":2091,"icon":2006,"path":2092,"stem":2093,"children":2094},"React Router","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Freact-router","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F05.react-router\u002Findex",[2095,2097,2101,2105,2109,2113,2117,2121],{"title":2096,"path":2092,"stem":2093},"React Router: Навігаційна система сучасного вебу",{"title":2098,"path":2099,"stem":2100},"Налаштування та Базовий Роутинг","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Freact-router\u002Fsetup-and-basic-routing","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F05.react-router\u002F01.setup-and-basic-routing",{"title":2102,"path":2103,"stem":2104},"Динамічна Навігація","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Freact-router\u002Fnavigation-and-links","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F05.react-router\u002F02.navigation-and-links",{"title":2106,"path":2107,"stem":2108},"Вкладені Маршрути та Макети","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Freact-router\u002Fnested-routes-and-layouts","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F05.react-router\u002F03.nested-routes-and-layouts",{"title":2110,"path":2111,"stem":2112},"Динамічні Маршрути та Параметри","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Freact-router\u002Fdynamic-routing","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F05.react-router\u002F04.dynamic-routing",{"title":2114,"path":2115,"stem":2116},"Data APIs: Loaders та Actions","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Freact-router\u002Fdata-loading","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F05.react-router\u002F05.data-loading",{"title":2118,"path":2119,"stem":2120},"Просунуті Патерни","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Freact-router\u002Fadvanced-patterns","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F05.react-router\u002F06.advanced-patterns",{"title":2122,"path":2123,"stem":2124},"Legacy Routing: Компонентний підхід","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Freact-router\u002Flegacy-routing","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F05.react-router\u002F07.legacy-routing",{"title":2126,"icon":132,"path":2127,"stem":2128,"children":2129},"Redux","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002Findex",[2130,2132,2148,2177,2186,2207,2223,2252],{"title":2131,"path":2127,"stem":2128},"Redux: Еволюція управління станом",{"title":14,"icon":15,"path":2133,"stem":2134,"children":2135,"page":59},"\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Ffundamentals","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F01.fundamentals",[2136,2140,2144],{"title":2137,"path":2138,"stem":2139},"Вступ до State Management","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Ffundamentals\u002Fintro-state-management","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F01.fundamentals\u002F01.intro-state-management",{"title":2141,"path":2142,"stem":2143},"Філософія Redux та Три Принципи","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Ffundamentals\u002Fredux-philosophy","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F01.fundamentals\u002F02.redux-philosophy",{"title":2145,"path":2146,"stem":2147},"Чисті функції та Іммутабельність","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Ffundamentals\u002Fpure-functions-immutability","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F01.fundamentals\u002F03.pure-functions-immutability",{"title":2149,"icon":132,"path":2150,"stem":2151,"children":2152,"page":59},"Classic Redux","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fclassic-redux","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F02.classic-redux",[2153,2157,2161,2165,2169,2173],{"title":2154,"path":2155,"stem":2156},"Створення Store (Classic Redux)","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fclassic-redux\u002Fstore-setup","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F02.classic-redux\u002F01.store-setup",{"title":2158,"path":2159,"stem":2160},"Actions, Constants та Action Creators","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fclassic-redux\u002Factions-constants","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F02.classic-redux\u002F02.actions-constants",{"title":2162,"path":2163,"stem":2164},"Логіка Reducers","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fclassic-redux\u002Freducers","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F02.classic-redux\u002F03.reducers",{"title":2166,"path":2167,"stem":2168},"Комбінування Reducers (Root Reducer)","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fclassic-redux\u002Fdata-flow","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F02.classic-redux\u002F04.data-flow",{"title":2170,"path":2171,"stem":2172},"Підключення до React (React-Redux)","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fclassic-redux\u002Freact-redux-connection","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F02.classic-redux\u002F05.react-redux-connection",{"title":2174,"path":2175,"stem":2176},"Middleware та Асинхронність (Redux Thunk)","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fclassic-redux\u002Fmiddleware-thunk","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F02.classic-redux\u002F06.middleware-thunk",{"title":2178,"icon":132,"path":2179,"stem":2180,"children":2181,"page":59},"Transition To Rtk","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Ftransition-to-rtk","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F03.transition-to-rtk",[2182],{"title":2183,"path":2184,"stem":2185},"Проблеми класичного Redux","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Ftransition-to-rtk\u002Fproblems-with-classic","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F03.transition-to-rtk\u002F01.problems-with-classic",{"title":2187,"icon":132,"path":2188,"stem":2189,"children":2190,"page":59},"Redux Toolkit","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fredux-toolkit","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F04.redux-toolkit",[2191,2195,2199,2203],{"title":2192,"path":2193,"stem":2194},"Налаштування Store з configureStore","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fredux-toolkit\u002Fconfigure-store","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F04.redux-toolkit\u002F01.configure-store",{"title":2196,"path":2197,"stem":2198},"createSlice: Революція в Redux","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fredux-toolkit\u002Fcreate-slice","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F04.redux-toolkit\u002F02.create-slice",{"title":2200,"path":2201,"stem":2202},"Асинхронність з createAsyncThunk","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fredux-toolkit\u002Fasync-thunks","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F04.redux-toolkit\u002F03.async-thunks",{"title":2204,"path":2205,"stem":2206},"04. Entity Adapter: Керування нормалізованим станом","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fredux-toolkit\u002Fentity-adapter","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F04.redux-toolkit\u002F04.entity-adapter",{"title":2208,"icon":92,"path":2209,"stem":2210,"children":2211,"page":59},"Advanced","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fadvanced","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F05.advanced",[2212,2216,2220],{"title":2213,"path":2214,"stem":2215},"Мемоізація та Селектори: Повний Гайд по Reselect","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fadvanced\u002Fselectors-reselect","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F05.advanced\u002F01.selectors-reselect",{"title":2217,"path":2218,"stem":2219},"RTK Query: Архітектура Серверного Кешу","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fadvanced\u002Frtk-query-intro","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F05.advanced\u002F02.rtk-query-intro",{"title":2067,"path":2221,"stem":2222},"\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fadvanced\u002Farchitecture-best-practices","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F05.advanced\u002F03.architecture-best-practices",{"title":2224,"icon":132,"path":2225,"stem":2226,"children":2227,"page":59},"Project Kanban","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fproject-kanban","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F06.project-kanban",[2228,2232,2236,2240,2244,2248],{"title":2229,"path":2230,"stem":2231},"Проєкт: Kanban Board (Trello Clone)","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fproject-kanban\u002Fproject-overview","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F06.project-kanban\u002F01.project-overview",{"title":2233,"path":2234,"stem":2235},"Налаштування та Типізація","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fproject-kanban\u002Fsetup-and-types","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F06.project-kanban\u002F02.setup-and-types",{"title":2237,"path":2238,"stem":2239},"Board Slice: Серце Дошки","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fproject-kanban\u002Fboard-slice","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F06.project-kanban\u002F03.board-slice",{"title":2241,"path":2242,"stem":2243},"Логіка Drag & Drop","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fproject-kanban\u002Fdrag-and-drop-logic","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F06.project-kanban\u002F04.drag-and-drop-logic",{"title":2245,"path":2246,"stem":2247},"Інтеграція з RTK Query","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fproject-kanban\u002Frtk-query-integration","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F06.project-kanban\u002F05.rtk-query-integration",{"title":2249,"path":2250,"stem":2251},"Optimistic Updates","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fproject-kanban\u002Foptimistic-updates","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F06.project-kanban\u002F06.optimistic-updates",{"title":2253,"icon":132,"path":2254,"stem":2255,"children":2256,"page":59},"Testing","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Ftesting","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F07.testing",[2257,2261,2265,2269,2273],{"title":2258,"path":2259,"stem":2260},"Тестування Redux","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Ftesting\u002Fintro-testing","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F07.testing\u002F01.intro-testing",{"title":2262,"path":2263,"stem":2264},"Тестування Reducers","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Ftesting\u002Ftesting-reducers","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F07.testing\u002F02.testing-reducers",{"title":2266,"path":2267,"stem":2268},"Тестування Селекторів","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Ftesting\u002Ftesting-selectors","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F07.testing\u002F03.testing-selectors",{"title":2270,"path":2271,"stem":2272},"Тестування Компонентів (Integration)","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Ftesting\u002Ftesting-components","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F07.testing\u002F04.testing-components",{"title":2274,"path":2275,"stem":2276},"Тестування Async Thunks","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Ftesting\u002Ftesting-thunks","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F07.testing\u002F05.testing-thunks",{"title":2278,"icon":132,"path":2279,"stem":2280,"children":2281},"Ui Libraries","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fui-libraries","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F07.ui-libraries\u002Findex",[2282,2284,2288,2292,2296,2300,2304],{"title":2283,"path":2279,"stem":2280},"UI Бібліотеки в React",{"title":2285,"path":2286,"stem":2287},"Вступ до UI Бібліотек: Навіщо Винаходити Велосипед Двічі?","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fui-libraries\u002Fintroduction-to-ui-libraries","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F07.ui-libraries\u002F01.introduction-to-ui-libraries",{"title":2289,"path":2290,"stem":2291},"Філософія shadcn\u002Fui: \"Not a Component Library\"","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fui-libraries\u002Fshadcn-philosophy","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F07.ui-libraries\u002F02.shadcn-philosophy",{"title":2293,"path":2294,"stem":2295},"Установка та Налаштування shadcn\u002Fui","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fui-libraries\u002Fshadcn-installation","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F07.ui-libraries\u002F03.shadcn-installation",{"title":2297,"path":2298,"stem":2299},"Базові Компоненти shadcn\u002Fui: Фундамент Інтерфейсу","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fui-libraries\u002Fshadcn-components-basics","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F07.ui-libraries\u002F04.shadcn-components-basics",{"title":2301,"path":2302,"stem":2303},"Компоненти Форм: Побудова Інтерактивних Form","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fui-libraries\u002Fshadcn-components-forms","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F07.ui-libraries\u002F05.shadcn-components-forms",{"title":2305,"path":2306,"stem":2307},"Складні Компоненти: Dialog, Dropdown, Table та Command","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fui-libraries\u002Fshadcn-components-advanced","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F07.ui-libraries\u002F06.shadcn-components-advanced",{"title":2309,"icon":2310,"path":2311,"stem":2312,"children":2313,"page":59},"TypeScript","i-devicon-typescript","\u002Fjavascript\u002Ftypescript","03.javascript\u002F05.typescript",[2314,2318,2322,2326,2330,2334,2338,2342],{"title":2315,"path":2316,"stem":2317},"TypeScript: Броня для вашого коду","\u002Fjavascript\u002Ftypescript\u002Fintro-and-basic-types","03.javascript\u002F05.typescript\u002F01.intro-and-basic-types",{"title":2319,"path":2320,"stem":2321},"Майстерність Моделювання Даних: Інтерфейси та Просунуті Типи","\u002Fjavascript\u002Ftypescript\u002Finterfaces-and-advanced-types","03.javascript\u002F05.typescript\u002F02.interfaces-and-advanced-types",{"title":2323,"path":2324,"stem":2325},"Алхімія Типів: Generics та Utility Types","\u002Fjavascript\u002Ftypescript\u002Fgenerics-and-utilities","03.javascript\u002F05.typescript\u002F03.generics-and-utilities",{"title":2327,"path":2328,"stem":2329},"Архітектура та Шаблони: Класи в TypeScript","\u002Fjavascript\u002Ftypescript\u002Fclasses-and-oop","03.javascript\u002F05.typescript\u002F04.classes-and-oop",{"title":2331,"path":2332,"stem":2333},"Продакшн та Екосистема: Advanced Config & Workflow","\u002Fjavascript\u002Ftypescript\u002Fadvanced-patterns-and-config","03.javascript\u002F05.typescript\u002F05.advanced-patterns-and-config",{"title":2335,"path":2336,"stem":2337},"TypeScript у світі React","\u002Fjavascript\u002Ftypescript\u002Freact-basics","03.javascript\u002F05.typescript\u002F06.react-basics",{"title":2339,"path":2340,"stem":2341},"React + TypeScript: Продвинуті патерни","\u002Fjavascript\u002Ftypescript\u002Freact-advanced","03.javascript\u002F05.typescript\u002F07.react-advanced",{"title":2343,"path":2344,"stem":2345},"React + TypeScript: Екосистема та бібліотеки","\u002Fjavascript\u002Ftypescript\u002Freact-ecosystem","03.javascript\u002F05.typescript\u002F08.react-ecosystem",{"title":2347,"path":2348,"stem":2349},"Atomic Design","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fatomic-design","03.javascript\u002F2.atomic-design",{"title":2351,"icon":2352,"path":2353,"stem":2354,"children":2355,"page":59},"Java","i-devicon-java","\u002Fjava","04.java",[2356,2359,2362,2366,2370,2374,2378],{"title":162,"path":2357,"stem":2358},"\u002Fjava\u002Fdata-mapper-part1","04.java\u002F01.data-mapper-part1",{"title":166,"path":2360,"stem":2361},"\u002Fjava\u002Fdata-mapper-part2","04.java\u002F02.data-mapper-part2",{"title":2363,"path":2364,"stem":2365},"Service Layer: Організація бізнес-логіки","\u002Fjava\u002Fservice-layer","04.java\u002F03.service-layer",{"title":2367,"path":2368,"stem":2369},"Rich Domain Model та State Pattern","\u002Fjava\u002Frich-domain-model","04.java\u002F04.rich-domain-model",{"title":2371,"path":2372,"stem":2373},"Патерни для складної бізнес-логіки","\u002Fjava\u002Fbusiness-logic-patterns","04.java\u002F05.business-logic-patterns",{"title":2375,"path":2376,"stem":2377},"Обробка помилок та валідація","\u002Fjava\u002Ferror-handling-validation","04.java\u002F06.error-handling-validation",{"title":2379,"path":2380,"stem":2381,"children":2382,"page":59},"Проектування баз даних","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2","04.java\u002Fpr2",[2383,2387,2391,2395,2399,2403,2407,2411,2415,2419,2423,2427,2431,2435,2439,2443,2447,2451,2455,2459,2463,2467,2471,2475,2479,2483,2487,2491,2495,2499,2503,2507,2511,2515,2519,2523,2527],{"title":2384,"path":2385,"stem":2386},"Концептуальне моделювання: Мистецтво розуміння предметної області","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fconceptual-modeling","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F01.conceptual-modeling",{"title":2388,"path":2389,"stem":2390},"Логічне моделювання: Від бізнес-ідей до структур даних","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Flogical-modeling","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F02.logical-modeling",{"title":2392,"path":2393,"stem":2394},"Нормалізація: Гігієна даних та боротьба з аномаліями","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fnormalization","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F03.normalization",{"title":2396,"path":2397,"stem":2398},"Фізична схема: Від абстракції до DDL","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fphysical-schema","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F04.physical-schema",{"title":2400,"path":2401,"stem":2402},"Архітектурна класифікація таблиць","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Ftable-classification","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F05.table-classification",{"title":2404,"path":2405,"stem":2406},"Database Migrations: Версіонування схеми з Flyway","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fdatabase-migrations","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F06.database-migrations",{"title":2408,"path":2409,"stem":2410},"А що, якби це була не реляційна БД?","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fbeyond-relational","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F07.beyond-relational",{"title":2412,"path":2413,"stem":2414},"Object-Relational Impedance Mismatch: Два світи, що не хочуть дружити","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fimpedance-mismatch","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F09.impedance-mismatch",{"title":2416,"path":2417,"stem":2418},"JDBC: Перший контакт із базою даних","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fjdbc-fundamentals","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F10.jdbc-fundamentals",{"title":2420,"path":2421,"stem":2422},"Якість коду: Spotless, SpotBugs та SonarQube","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002F10a.code-quality","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F10a.code-quality",{"title":2424,"path":2425,"stem":2426},"Connection Pool: Патерн Object Pool для JDBC-з'єднань","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fconnection-pool","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F11.connection-pool",{"title":2428,"path":2429,"stem":2430},"Row Data Gateway: Об'єкт як обгортка рядка таблиці","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Frow-data-gateway","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F12.row-data-gateway",{"title":2432,"path":2433,"stem":2434},"Table Data Gateway: Фасад таблиці як архітектурний відступ","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Ftable-data-gateway","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F13.table-data-gateway",{"title":2436,"path":2437,"stem":2438},"Repository + Data Mapper: Правильна шарова архітектура з JDBC","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Frepository-data-mapper","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F14.repository-data-mapper",{"title":2440,"path":2441,"stem":2442},"Identity Map: Кешування сутностей у рамках сесії","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fidentity-map","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F15.identity-map",{"title":2444,"path":2445,"stem":2446},"Unit of Work: Відстеження змін і координація JDBC-транзакцій","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Funit-of-work","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F16.unit-of-work",{"title":2448,"path":2449,"stem":2450},"Strategy: Замінювані SQL-стратегії для підтримки різних СУБД","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fstrategy-sql","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F17.strategy-sql",{"title":2452,"path":2453,"stem":2454},"Proxy: Lazy Loading для One-To-Many колекцій","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fproxy-lazy-loading","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F18.proxy-lazy-loading",{"title":2456,"path":2457,"stem":2458},"Generic Repository через Java Reflection: анотації та динамічний SQL","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fgeneric-repository-reflection","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F19.generic-repository-reflection",{"title":2460,"path":2461,"stem":2462},"Specification Pattern: Композиція бізнес-правил для складних запитів","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fspecification-pattern","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F20.specification-pattern",{"title":2464,"path":2465,"stem":2466},"Розширені можливості Specification Pattern: підзапити, агрегації та гібридний підхід","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002F20a.advanced-specifications","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F20a.advanced-specifications",{"title":2468,"path":2469,"stem":2470},"Асинхронність у JDBC: Від блокуючих викликів до CompletableFuture","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fasynchronous-jdbc","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F21.asynchronous-jdbc",{"title":2472,"path":2473,"stem":2474},"Інтеграційне тестування JDBC-репозиторіїв: Embedded H2 та патерн AAA","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fintegration-testing-h2","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F22.integration-testing-h2",{"title":2476,"path":2477,"stem":2478},"Testcontainers: Тестування з реальною PostgreSQL у Docker-контейнерах","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fintegration-testing-testcontainers","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F23.integration-testing-testcontainers",{"title":2480,"path":2481,"stem":2482},"Google Guice: Впровадження залежностей у JavaFX-проєкті","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fdependency-injection-guice","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F24.dependency-injection-guice",{"title":2484,"path":2485,"stem":2486},"JavaFX: Основи побудови графічних інтерфейсів","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fjavafx-fundamentals","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F25.javafx-fundamentals",{"title":2488,"path":2489,"stem":2490},"Properties та Bindings: Реактивність у JavaFX","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fjavafx-properties-bindings","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F26.javafx-properties-bindings",{"title":2492,"path":2493,"stem":2494},"MVC vs MVP vs MVVM: Еволюція архітектурних патернів UI","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fui-architecture-patterns","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F27.ui-architecture-patterns",{"title":2496,"path":2497,"stem":2498},"MVVM на практиці: Побудова ViewModel","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fmvvm-viewmodel-implementation","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F28.mvvm-viewmodel-implementation",{"title":2500,"path":2501,"stem":2502},"View та Controller: Зв'язування з ViewModel через FXML","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fmvvm-view-controller","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F29.mvvm-view-controller",{"title":2504,"path":2505,"stem":2506},"Інтеграція MVVM з Guice: Автоматична ін'єкція залежностей","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fmvvm-guice-integration","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F30.mvvm-guice-integration",{"title":2508,"path":2509,"stem":2510},"Валідація та обробка помилок у MVVM","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fmvvm-validation-error-handling","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F31.mvvm-validation-error-handling",{"title":2512,"path":2513,"stem":2514},"Навігація та управління екранами у JavaFX MVVM","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fmvvm-navigation-screen-management","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F32.mvvm-navigation-screen-management",{"title":2516,"path":2517,"stem":2518},"Тестування JavaFX MVVM-додатків","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fmvvm-testing","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F33.mvvm-testing",{"title":2520,"path":2521,"stem":2522},"Стилізація та теми у JavaFX: CSS та User Experience","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fjavafx-styling-themes","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F34.javafx-styling-themes",{"title":2524,"path":2525,"stem":2526},"AtlantaFX: Сучасні теми для JavaFX додатків","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fatlantafx-modern-themes","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F35.atlantafx-modern-themes",{"title":2528,"path":2529,"stem":2530},"Пакування та розповсюдження JavaFX-додатків","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fjar-packaging-distribution","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F36.jar-packaging-distribution",{"title":2532,"icon":2533,"path":2534,"stem":2535,"children":2536,"page":59},"Бази даних","i-lucide-database","\u002Fdatabases","06.databases",[2537,2567,2590,2627,2656,2674,2708,2720,2729],{"title":2538,"icon":2539,"path":2540,"stem":2541,"children":2542,"page":59},"Intro","i-lucide-play","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fintro","06.databases\u002F01.intro",[2543,2547,2551,2555,2559,2563],{"title":2544,"path":2545,"stem":2546},"Введення в теорію баз даних","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fintro\u002Fintroduction-to-databases","06.databases\u002F01.intro\u002F01.introduction-to-databases",{"title":2548,"path":2549,"stem":2550},"Реляційна модель даних","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fintro\u002Frelational-model-theory","06.databases\u002F01.intro\u002F02.relational-model-theory",{"title":2552,"path":2553,"stem":2554},"ER-моделювання","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fintro\u002Fer-modeling","06.databases\u002F01.intro\u002F03.er-modeling",{"title":2556,"path":2557,"stem":2558},"Логічне проектування БД","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fintro\u002Flogical-schema","06.databases\u002F01.intro\u002F04.logical-schema",{"title":2560,"path":2561,"stem":2562},"Класифікація таблиць","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fintro\u002Ftable-classification","06.databases\u002F01.intro\u002F05.table-classification",{"title":2564,"path":2565,"stem":2566},"PlantUML для баз даних","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fintro\u002Fplantuml-diagrams","06.databases\u002F01.intro\u002F06.plantuml-diagrams",{"title":2568,"icon":2533,"path":2569,"stem":2570,"children":2571,"page":59},"MS SQL Server Start","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fms-sql-server-start","06.databases\u002F02.ms-sql-server-start",[2572,2576,2582,2586],{"title":2573,"path":2574,"stem":2575},"Типи даних у MS SQL Server","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fms-sql-server-start\u002Fdata-types","06.databases\u002F02.ms-sql-server-start\u002F01.data-types",{"title":2577,"path":2578,"stem":2579,"children":2580},"Індекси у MS SQL Server","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fms-sql-server-start\u002Fsql-indexes","06.databases\u002F02.ms-sql-server-start\u002F02.sql-indexes",[2581],{"title":2577,"path":2578,"stem":2579},{"title":2583,"path":2584,"stem":2585},"Системні бази даних MS SQL Server","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fms-sql-server-start\u002Fsystem-databases","06.databases\u002F02.ms-sql-server-start\u002F03.system-databases",{"title":2587,"path":2588,"stem":2589},"Огляд мови SQL та запитів","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fms-sql-server-start\u002Fsql-queries-overview","06.databases\u002F02.ms-sql-server-start\u002F04.sql-queries-overview",{"title":2591,"icon":2533,"path":2592,"stem":2593,"children":2594,"page":59},"SQL","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fsql","06.databases\u002F03.sql",[2595,2599,2603,2607,2611,2615,2619,2623],{"title":2596,"path":2597,"stem":2598},"Налаштування демонстраційної бази даних","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fsql\u002Fsample-database-setup","06.databases\u002F03.sql\u002F00.sample-database-setup",{"title":2600,"path":2601,"stem":2602},"DDL - Створення таблиць (CREATE TABLE)","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fsql\u002Fddl-create-table","06.databases\u002F03.sql\u002F01.ddl-create-table",{"title":2604,"path":2605,"stem":2606},"DDL - Зміна та видалення таблиць (ALTER, DROP)","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fsql\u002Fddl-alter-drop-table","06.databases\u002F03.sql\u002F02.ddl-alter-drop-table",{"title":2608,"path":2609,"stem":2610},"SELECT запити - Основи","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fsql\u002Fselect-queries-fundamentals","06.databases\u002F03.sql\u002F03.select-queries-fundamentals",{"title":2612,"path":2613,"stem":2614},"SELECT запити - Розширені можливості","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fsql\u002Fselect-queries-advanced","06.databases\u002F03.sql\u002F04.select-queries-advanced",{"title":2616,"path":2617,"stem":2618},"INSERT запити - Додавання даних","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fsql\u002Finsert-queries","06.databases\u002F03.sql\u002F05.insert-queries",{"title":2620,"path":2621,"stem":2622},"UPDATE та DELETE запити","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fsql\u002Fupdate-delete-queries","06.databases\u002F03.sql\u002F06.update-delete-queries",{"title":2624,"path":2625,"stem":2626},"Транзакції в SQL","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fsql\u002Ftransactions","06.databases\u002F03.sql\u002F07.transactions",{"title":2628,"icon":2533,"path":2629,"stem":2630,"children":2631,"page":59},"Multi Table Databases","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fmulti-table-databases","06.databases\u002F04.multi-table-databases",[2632,2636,2640,2644,2648,2652],{"title":2633,"path":2634,"stem":2635},"Зв'язки та нормалізація БД","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fmulti-table-databases\u002Frelationships-and-normalization","06.databases\u002F04.multi-table-databases\u002F00.relationships-and-normalization",{"title":2637,"path":2638,"stem":2639},"INNER JOIN - З'єднання таблиць","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fmulti-table-databases\u002Finner-join","06.databases\u002F04.multi-table-databases\u002F01.inner-join",{"title":2641,"path":2642,"stem":2643},"OUTER JOINs - LEFT, RIGHT, FULL","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fmulti-table-databases\u002Fouter-joins","06.databases\u002F04.multi-table-databases\u002F02.outer-joins",{"title":2645,"path":2646,"stem":2647},"CROSS та SELF JOINs","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fmulti-table-databases\u002Fcross-self-joins","06.databases\u002F04.multi-table-databases\u002F03.cross-self-joins",{"title":2649,"path":2650,"stem":2651},"Підзапити (Subqueries)","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fmulti-table-databases\u002Fsubqueries","06.databases\u002F04.multi-table-databases\u002F04.subqueries",{"title":2653,"path":2654,"stem":2655},"Агрегації з JOIN","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fmulti-table-databases\u002Faggregations-with-joins","06.databases\u002F04.multi-table-databases\u002F05.aggregations-with-joins",{"title":2657,"icon":2658,"path":2659,"stem":2660,"children":2661,"page":59},"Aggregate Functions","i-lucide-calculator","\u002Fdatabases\u002Faggregate-functions","06.databases\u002F05.aggregate-functions",[2662,2666,2670],{"title":2663,"path":2664,"stem":2665},"Функції агрегування в MS SQL Server","\u002Fdatabases\u002Faggregate-functions\u002Fintroduction-aggregate-functions","06.databases\u002F05.aggregate-functions\u002F01.introduction-aggregate-functions",{"title":2667,"path":2668,"stem":2669},"Групування даних в MS SQL Server","\u002Fdatabases\u002Faggregate-functions\u002Fgrouping-data","06.databases\u002F05.aggregate-functions\u002F02.grouping-data",{"title":2671,"path":2672,"stem":2673},"Підзапити з агрегатними функціями","\u002Fdatabases\u002Faggregate-functions\u002Fsubqueries-aggregates","06.databases\u002F05.aggregate-functions\u002F03.subqueries-aggregates",{"title":2675,"icon":2676,"path":2677,"stem":2678,"children":2679,"page":59},"Тригери та зберігаємі процедури","i-lucide-database-zap","\u002Fdatabases\u002Ftriggers-stored-procedures","06.databases\u002F07.triggers-stored-procedures",[2680,2684,2688,2692,2696,2700,2704],{"title":2681,"path":2682,"stem":2683},"DML-тригери","\u002Fdatabases\u002Ftriggers-stored-procedures\u002Fdml-triggers","06.databases\u002F07.triggers-stored-procedures\u002F01.dml-triggers",{"title":2685,"path":2686,"stem":2687},"DDL-тригери","\u002Fdatabases\u002Ftriggers-stored-procedures\u002Fddl-triggers","06.databases\u002F07.triggers-stored-procedures\u002F02.ddl-triggers",{"title":2689,"path":2690,"stem":2691},"Transact-SQL розширення","\u002Fdatabases\u002Ftriggers-stored-procedures\u002Ftransact-sql-extensions","06.databases\u002F07.triggers-stored-procedures\u002F03.transact-sql-extensions",{"title":2693,"path":2694,"stem":2695},"Транзакції","\u002Fdatabases\u002Ftriggers-stored-procedures\u002Ftransactions","06.databases\u002F07.triggers-stored-procedures\u002F04.transactions",{"title":2697,"path":2698,"stem":2699},"Зберігаємі процедури","\u002Fdatabases\u002Ftriggers-stored-procedures\u002Fstored-procedures","06.databases\u002F07.triggers-stored-procedures\u002F05.stored-procedures",{"title":2701,"path":2702,"stem":2703},"Користувацькі функції","\u002Fdatabases\u002Ftriggers-stored-procedures\u002Fuser-defined-functions","06.databases\u002F07.triggers-stored-procedures\u002F06.user-defined-functions",{"title":2705,"path":2706,"stem":2707},"Безпека баз даних","\u002Fdatabases\u002Ftriggers-stored-procedures\u002Fsecurity","06.databases\u002F07.triggers-stored-procedures\u002F08.security",{"title":2705,"icon":793,"path":2709,"stem":2710,"children":2711,"page":59},"\u002Fdatabases\u002Fsecurity","06.databases\u002F08.security",[2712,2716],{"title":2713,"path":2714,"stem":2715},"Вступ до безпеки баз даних","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fsecurity\u002Fintroduction","06.databases\u002F08.security\u002F01.introduction",{"title":2717,"path":2718,"stem":2719},"Системні представлення та метадані","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fsecurity\u002Fsystem-views","06.databases\u002F08.security\u002F02.system-views",{"title":2721,"icon":2722,"path":2723,"stem":2724,"children":2725,"page":59},"Резервне копіювання та відновлення","i-lucide-database-backup","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fbackup-recovery","06.databases\u002F09.backup-recovery",[2726],{"title":2721,"path":2727,"stem":2728},"\u002Fdatabases\u002Fbackup-recovery\u002Fbackup-restore","06.databases\u002F09.backup-recovery\u002F01.backup-restore",{"title":2730,"icon":2731,"path":2732,"stem":2733,"children":2734,"page":59},"Повнотекстовий пошук","i-lucide-search","\u002Fdatabases\u002Ffull-text-search","06.databases\u002F10.full-text-search",[2735],{"title":2730,"path":2736,"stem":2737},"\u002Fdatabases\u002Ffull-text-search\u002Ffull-text-search","06.databases\u002F10.full-text-search\u002F01.full-text-search",{"title":2739,"icon":2740,"path":2741,"stem":2742,"children":2743,"page":59},"Tools","i-lucide-wrench","\u002Ftools","07.tools",[2744,2820],{"title":2745,"icon":2746,"path":2747,"stem":2748,"children":2749},"Docker","i-simple-icons-docker","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002Findex",[2750,2752,2756,2760,2764,2768,2772,2776,2780,2784,2788,2792,2796,2800,2804,2808,2812,2816],{"title":2751,"path":2747,"stem":2748},"Docker: від нуля до production",{"title":2753,"path":2754,"stem":2755},"Контейнеризація — від проблеми до рішення","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fcontainerization-concept","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F01.containerization-concept",{"title":2757,"path":2758,"stem":2759},"Docker — що це і навіщо?","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fdocker-what-and-why","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F02.docker-what-and-why",{"title":2761,"path":2762,"stem":2763},"Архітектура Docker Engine","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fdocker-architecture","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F03.docker-architecture",{"title":2765,"path":2766,"stem":2767},"Встановлення Docker","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Finstallation","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F04.installation",{"title":2769,"path":2770,"stem":2771},"Перший контейнер — docker run","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Ffirst-container","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F05.first-container",{"title":2773,"path":2774,"stem":2775},"Життєвий цикл контейнера","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fcontainer-lifecycle","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F06.container-lifecycle",{"title":2777,"path":2778,"stem":2779},"Docker Images — фундаментальні концепції","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fdocker-images-fundamentals","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F07.docker-images-fundamentals",{"title":2781,"path":2782,"stem":2783},"Dockerfile — основи","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fdockerfile-basics","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F08.dockerfile-basics",{"title":2785,"path":2786,"stem":2787},"Dockerfile — просунуті техніки","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fdockerfile-advanced","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F09.dockerfile-advanced",{"title":2789,"path":2790,"stem":2791},"Build Context та кешування шарів","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fbuild-context-and-cache","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F10.build-context-and-cache",{"title":2793,"path":2794,"stem":2795},"Реєстри Docker-образів","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fimage-registries","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F11.image-registries",{"title":2797,"path":2798,"stem":2799},"Контейнеризація .NET додатків","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fdotnet-containerization","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F12.dotnet-containerization",{"title":2801,"path":2802,"stem":2803},"Томи та збереження даних","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fvolumes-and-data","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F13.volumes-and-data",{"title":2805,"path":2806,"stem":2807},"Основи мережі в Docker","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fnetworking-basics","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F14.networking-basics",{"title":2809,"path":2810,"stem":2811},"Змінні оточення та конфігурація","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fenvironment-and-configuration","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F15.environment-and-configuration",{"title":2813,"path":2814,"stem":2815},"Docker Compose — оркестрація контейнерів","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fdocker-compose-basics","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F16.docker-compose-basics",{"title":2817,"path":2818,"stem":2819},"Docker Compose — Multi-Service застосунки","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fcompose-multi-service","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F17.compose-multi-service",{"title":2821,"icon":2822,"path":2823,"stem":2824,"children":2825},"Kubernetes","simple-icons:kubernetes","\u002Ftools\u002Fkubernetes","07.tools\u002F02.kubernetes\u002Findex",[2826,2828,2832,2836,2840,2844,2848,2852,2856],{"title":2827,"path":2823,"stem":2824},"Kubernetes: від розробки до production",{"title":2829,"path":2830,"stem":2831},"Kubernetes — коли Docker Compose більше не вистачає","\u002Ftools\u002Fkubernetes\u002Fwhy-kubernetes","07.tools\u002F02.kubernetes\u002F01.why-kubernetes",{"title":2833,"path":2834,"stem":2835},"Архітектура Kubernetes — анатомія кластера","\u002Ftools\u002Fkubernetes\u002Fkubernetes-architecture","07.tools\u002F02.kubernetes\u002F02.kubernetes-architecture",{"title":2837,"path":2838,"stem":2839},"Локальне середовище — minikube, kind та k3s","\u002Ftools\u002Fkubernetes\u002Flocal-environment","07.tools\u002F02.kubernetes\u002F03.local-environment",{"title":2841,"path":2842,"stem":2843},"Pod — атомарна одиниця Kubernetes","\u002Ftools\u002Fkubernetes\u002Fpods-and-containers","07.tools\u002F02.kubernetes\u002F04.pods-and-containers",{"title":2845,"path":2846,"stem":2847},"Патерни використання Pod","\u002Ftools\u002Fkubernetes\u002Fpod-patterns","07.tools\u002F02.kubernetes\u002F05.pod-patterns",{"title":2849,"path":2850,"stem":2851},"Deployment — декларативне управління Pod","\u002Ftools\u002Fkubernetes\u002Fdeployment-basics","07.tools\u002F02.kubernetes\u002F06.deployment-basics",{"title":2853,"path":2854,"stem":2855},"Rolling Updates та управління життєвим циклом Deployment","\u002Ftools\u002Fkubernetes\u002Fdeployment-rolling-updates","07.tools\u002F02.kubernetes\u002F07.deployment-rolling-updates",{"title":2857,"path":2858,"stem":2859},"Service — мережева абстракція для Pod","\u002Ftools\u002Fkubernetes\u002Fservices-networking","07.tools\u002F02.kubernetes\u002F08.services-networking",{"title":2861,"icon":2862,"path":2863,"stem":2864,"children":2865,"page":59},"Software Engineering","i-lucide-code-2","\u002Fsoftware-engineering","09.software-engineering",[2866,2870,2874,2878,2882,2886,2890,2894,2898,2902,2906],{"title":2867,"path":2868,"stem":2869},"1. Аналіз предметної області. Експертні знання та складність","\u002Fsoftware-engineering\u002Fintro-subdomains","09.software-engineering\u002F01.intro-subdomains",{"title":2871,"path":2872,"stem":2873},"2. Обмежені контексти. Інтеграція обмежених контекстів","\u002Fsoftware-engineering\u002Fintegrating-limited-contexts","09.software-engineering\u002F02.integrating-limited-contexts",{"title":2875,"path":2876,"stem":2877},"3. Реалізація простої бізнес-логіки","\u002Fsoftware-engineering\u002Fsimple","09.software-engineering\u002F03.simple",{"title":2879,"path":2880,"stem":2881},"4. Опрацювання складної бізнес-логіки","\u002Fsoftware-engineering\u002Fcomplex-business-logic","09.software-engineering\u002F04.complex-business-logic",{"title":2883,"path":2884,"stem":2885},"5. Моделювання фактора часу. Подієво-орієнтована архітектура.","\u002Fsoftware-engineering\u002Fmodelling-the-time-factor","09.software-engineering\u002F05.modelling-the-time-factor",{"title":2887,"path":2888,"stem":2889},"6. Архітектурні патерни","\u002Fsoftware-engineering\u002Farchitectural-patterns","09.software-engineering\u002F06.architectural-patterns",{"title":2891,"path":2892,"stem":2893},"Паттерни взаємодії","\u002Fsoftware-engineering\u002Fpatterns-of-interaction","09.software-engineering\u002F07.patterns-of-interaction",{"title":2895,"path":2896,"stem":2897},"Евристика проєктування","\u002Fsoftware-engineering\u002Fdesign-heuristics","09.software-engineering\u002F08.design-heuristics",{"title":2899,"path":2900,"stem":2901},"Еволюція проєктних рішень","\u002Fsoftware-engineering\u002Fevolution-of-design-solutions","09.software-engineering\u002F09.evolution-of-design-solutions",{"title":2903,"path":2904,"stem":2905},"EventStorming","\u002Fsoftware-engineering\u002Feventstorming","09.software-engineering\u002F10.eventstorming",{"title":2907,"path":2908,"stem":2909},"DDD на практиці","\u002Fsoftware-engineering\u002Fddd-in-practice","09.software-engineering\u002F11.ddd-in-practice",{"title":2911,"icon":943,"path":2912,"stem":2913,"children":2914,"page":59},"DDD","\u002Fddd","10.ddd",[2915,2919,2923,2927,2931,2935,2939,2943,2947,2951,2955,2959,2963],{"title":2916,"path":2917,"stem":2918},"Аналіз предметної області","\u002Fddd\u002Fdomain-analysis","10.ddd\u002F01.domain-analysis",{"title":2920,"path":2921,"stem":2922},"Експертні знання про предметну область","\u002Fddd\u002Fdomain-expert-knowledge","10.ddd\u002F02.domain-expert-knowledge",{"title":2924,"path":2925,"stem":2926},"Як осмислити складність предметної області","\u002Fddd\u002Fmanaging-domain-complexity","10.ddd\u002F03.managing-domain-complexity",{"title":2928,"path":2929,"stem":2930},"Інтеграція обмежених контекстів","\u002Fddd\u002Fbounded-context-integration","10.ddd\u002F04.bounded-context-integration",{"title":2932,"path":2933,"stem":2934},"Реалізація простої бізнес-логіки","\u002Fddd\u002Fsimple-business-logic","10.ddd\u002F05.simple-business-logic",{"title":2936,"path":2937,"stem":2938},"Обробка складної бізнес-логіки","\u002Fddd\u002Fcomplex-business-logic","10.ddd\u002F06.complex-business-logic",{"title":2940,"path":2941,"stem":2942},"Моделювання фактора часу","\u002Fddd\u002Ftime-modeling","10.ddd\u002F07.time-modeling",{"title":2944,"path":2945,"stem":2946},"Глава 8. Архітектурні Патерни","\u002Fddd\u002Farchitectural-patterns","10.ddd\u002F08.architectural-patterns",{"title":2948,"path":2949,"stem":2950},"Глава 9. Патерни Взаємодії","\u002Fddd\u002Finteraction-patterns","10.ddd\u002F09.interaction-patterns",{"title":2952,"path":2953,"stem":2954},"Глава 10. Проектні Евристики","\u002Fddd\u002Fdesign-heuristics","10.ddd\u002F10.design-heuristics",{"title":2956,"path":2957,"stem":2958},"Глава 11. Еволюція Проектних Рішень","\u002Fddd\u002Fevolution-of-design-decisions","10.ddd\u002F11.evolution-of-design-decisions",{"title":2960,"path":2961,"stem":2962},"Глава 12. EventStorming","\u002Fddd\u002Fevent-storming","10.ddd\u002F12.event-storming",{"title":2964,"path":2965,"stem":2966},"Глава 13. DDD на Практиці","\u002Fddd\u002Fddd-in-practice","10.ddd\u002F13.ddd-in-practice",{"title":2968,"icon":2969,"path":2970,"stem":2971,"children":2972,"page":59},"Media Streaming","i-lucide-video","\u002Fmedia-streaming","11.media-streaming",[2973,2977,2981,2985,2989,2993,2997],{"title":2974,"path":2975,"stem":2976},"01. Магія Стрімінгу: Що відбувається, коли ви натискаєте \"Play\"","\u002Fmedia-streaming\u002Fintroduction","11.media-streaming\u002F01.introduction",{"title":2978,"path":2979,"stem":2980},"02. Анатомія Медіа: Кодеки, Контейнери та Стиснення","\u002Fmedia-streaming\u002Faudio-video-anatomy","11.media-streaming\u002F02.audio-video-anatomy",{"title":2982,"path":2983,"stem":2984},"03. The Gym: FFmpeg Deep Dive","\u002Fmedia-streaming\u002Fffmpeg-gym","11.media-streaming\u002F03.ffmpeg-gym",{"title":2986,"path":2987,"stem":2988},"04. HLS Protocol: HTTP Live Streaming у Деталях","\u002Fmedia-streaming\u002Fhls-protocol","11.media-streaming\u002F04.hls-protocol",{"title":2990,"path":2991,"stem":2992},"05. DASH Protocol: Відкритий Стандарт","\u002Fmedia-streaming\u002Fdash-protocol","11.media-streaming\u002F05.dash-protocol",{"title":2994,"path":2995,"stem":2996},"06. Масштабування: CDN та Adaptive Bitrate","\u002Fmedia-streaming\u002Fcdn-and-adaptive-bitrate","11.media-streaming\u002F06.cdn-and-adaptive-bitrate",{"title":2998,"path":2999,"stem":3000},"07. Війна із Затримкою (Latency)","\u002Fmedia-streaming\u002Frealtime-latency","11.media-streaming\u002F07.realtime-latency",{"title":3002,"icon":3003,"path":3004,"stem":3005,"children":3006,"page":59},"HTML & CSS","i-devicon-html5","\u002Fhtml-css","12.html-css",[3007,3011,3015,3019,3023,3027,3031,3035,3039,3043,3047,3051,3055,3059,3063,3067,3071,3075,3079,3083,3087,3091,3095,3099,3103,3107,3111,3115,3119,3123],{"title":3008,"path":3009,"stem":3010},"Вступ до HTML. Структура документа","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fintro-html-structure","12.html-css\u002F01.intro-html-structure",{"title":3012,"path":3013,"stem":3014},"Форматування тексту в HTML","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fhtml-text-formatting","12.html-css\u002F02.html-text-formatting",{"title":3016,"path":3017,"stem":3018},"Посилання та зображення в HTML","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fhtml-links-images","12.html-css\u002F03.html-links-images",{"title":3020,"path":3021,"stem":3022},"Списки та таблиці в HTML","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fhtml-lists-tables","12.html-css\u002F04.html-lists-tables",{"title":3024,"path":3025,"stem":3026},"Форми в HTML","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fhtml-forms","12.html-css\u002F05.html-forms",{"title":3028,"path":3029,"stem":3030},"Семантичні елементи HTML5","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fhtml-semantic-elements","12.html-css\u002F06.html-semantic-elements",{"title":3032,"path":3033,"stem":3034},"Мультимедіа та розширені елементи HTML","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fhtml-multimedia-advanced","12.html-css\u002F07.html-multimedia-advanced",{"title":3036,"path":3037,"stem":3038},"Мікророзмітка та SEO в HTML","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fhtml-microdata-seo","12.html-css\u002F08.html-microdata-seo",{"title":3040,"path":3041,"stem":3042},"Вступ до CSS. Селектори та специфічність","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-intro-selectors","12.html-css\u002F09.css-intro-selectors",{"title":3044,"path":3045,"stem":3046},"Блокова модель CSS. Відступи. Box Sizing","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-box-model","12.html-css\u002F10.css-box-model",{"title":3048,"path":3049,"stem":3050},"Розміри у CSS: повний довідник одиниць і ключових слів","\u002Fhtml-css\u002F10a.css-sizing","12.html-css\u002F10a.css-sizing",{"title":3052,"path":3053,"stem":3054},"Типографіка в CSS. Шрифти та текст","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-typography","12.html-css\u002F11.css-typography",{"title":3056,"path":3057,"stem":3058},"Кольори та фони в CSS","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-colors-backgrounds","12.html-css\u002F12.css-colors-backgrounds",{"title":3060,"path":3061,"stem":3062},"Тіні та фільтри в CSS","\u002Fhtml-css\u002F12b.css-shadows-filters","12.html-css\u002F12b.css-shadows-filters",{"title":3064,"path":3065,"stem":3066},"CSS Flexbox: Фундамент гнучких макетів","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-flexbox-fundamentals","12.html-css\u002F13.css-flexbox-fundamentals",{"title":3068,"path":3069,"stem":3070},"CSS Flexbox: Вирівнювання та Позиціонування","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-flexbox-alignment-sizing-and-patterns","12.html-css\u002F14.css-flexbox-alignment-sizing-and-patterns",{"title":3072,"path":3073,"stem":3074},"CSS Grid. Двовимірний макет. Частина 1","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-layout-grid","12.html-css\u002F15.css-layout-grid",{"title":3076,"path":3077,"stem":3078},"CSS Grid. Двовимірний макет. Частина 2","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-layout-grid-advanced","12.html-css\u002F16.css-layout-grid-advanced",{"title":3080,"path":3081,"stem":3082},"Позиціонування в CSS. Z-index. Stacking Context","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-positioning","12.html-css\u002F17.css-positioning",{"title":3084,"path":3085,"stem":3086},"CSS Анімації та Переходи","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-animations-transitions","12.html-css\u002F18.css-animations-transitions",{"title":3088,"path":3089,"stem":3090},"Адаптивний дизайн. Media Queries. Частина 1","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-responsive-media-queries","12.html-css\u002F19.css-responsive-media-queries",{"title":3092,"path":3093,"stem":3094},"Адаптивний дизайн. Частина 2: clamp(), Container Queries, @layer","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-responsive-advanced","12.html-css\u002F20.css-responsive-advanced",{"title":3096,"path":3097,"stem":3098},"CSS Custom Properties. Методології. Сучасний CSS","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-variables-methodologies","12.html-css\u002F21.css-variables-methodologies",{"title":3100,"path":3101,"stem":3102},"Сучасний CSS 2023–2025: Нові можливості","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-modern-features","12.html-css\u002F22.css-modern-features",{"title":3104,"path":3105,"stem":3106},"CSS Nesting, @layer, @scope та @property: нативний препроцесор","\u002Fhtml-css\u002F22a.css-nesting-modern-syntax","12.html-css\u002F22a.css-nesting-modern-syntax",{"title":3108,"path":3109,"stem":3110},"CSS для форм та інтерактивних станів","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-forms-interactive-states","12.html-css\u002F23.css-forms-interactive-states",{"title":3112,"path":3113,"stem":3114},"Доступність у CSS (CSS Accessibility)","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-accessibility","12.html-css\u002F24.css-accessibility",{"title":3116,"path":3117,"stem":3118},"CSS-функції та сучасні sizing primitives","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-functions-sizing","12.html-css\u002F25.css-functions-sizing",{"title":3120,"path":3121,"stem":3122},"Rendering Pipeline і CSS Performance","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-rendering-performance","12.html-css\u002F26.css-rendering-performance",{"title":3124,"path":3125,"stem":3126},"CSS Best Practices: типові ситуації та правильні рішення","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-best-practices","12.html-css\u002F27.css-best-practices",{"title":3128,"path":3129,"stem":3130,"children":3131,"page":59},"AWS","\u002Faws","13.aws",[3132,3136,3140,3144,3148,3152,3156,3160,3164,3168,3172,3176,3180,3184,3188,3192,3196,3200],{"title":3133,"path":3134,"stem":3135},"Реєстрація AWS акаунту та студентські програми","\u002Faws\u002Faccount-registration","13.aws\u002F00.account-registration",{"title":3137,"path":3138,"stem":3139},"Вступ до хмарних обчислень та AWS","\u002Faws\u002Fintroduction-to-cloud","13.aws\u002F01.introduction-to-cloud",{"title":3141,"path":3142,"stem":3143},"AWS IAM — Identity and Access Management","\u002Faws\u002Fiam","13.aws\u002F02.iam",{"title":3145,"path":3146,"stem":3147},"AWS IAM CLI — Довідник команд","\u002Faws\u002F02a.iam-doc","13.aws\u002F02a.iam-doc",{"title":3149,"path":3150,"stem":3151},"Docker та контейнеризація в AWS — ECR, ECS та Fargate","\u002Faws\u002Fdocker-ecs","13.aws\u002F03.docker-ecs",{"title":3153,"path":3154,"stem":3155},"AWS ECR \u002F ECS CLI — Довідник команд","\u002Faws\u002F03a.docker-ecs-doc","13.aws\u002F03a.docker-ecs-doc",{"title":3157,"path":3158,"stem":3159},"Amazon EC2 — Elastic Compute Cloud","\u002Faws\u002Fec2","13.aws\u002F04.ec2",{"title":3161,"path":3162,"stem":3163},"AWS EC2 CLI — Довідник команд","\u002Faws\u002F04a.ec2-doc","13.aws\u002F04a.ec2-doc",{"title":3165,"path":3166,"stem":3167},"Elastic Load Balancing та Auto Scaling","\u002Faws\u002Falb-asg","13.aws\u002F05.alb-asg",{"title":3169,"path":3170,"stem":3171},"Amazon S3 — Simple Storage Service","\u002Faws\u002Fs3","13.aws\u002F06.s3",{"title":3173,"path":3174,"stem":3175},"Amazon CloudFront — Content Delivery Network","\u002Faws\u002Fcloudfront","13.aws\u002F07.cloudfront",{"title":3177,"path":3178,"stem":3179},"Amazon RDS — Relational Database Service","\u002Faws\u002Frds","13.aws\u002F08.rds",{"title":3181,"path":3182,"stem":3183},"Amazon DynamoDB — NoSQL Database","\u002Faws\u002Fdynamodb","13.aws\u002F09.dynamodb",{"title":3185,"path":3186,"stem":3187},"AWS Lambda та Serverless Compute","\u002Faws\u002Flambda","13.aws\u002F10.lambda",{"title":3189,"path":3190,"stem":3191},"Amazon Bedrock - Foundation Models, RAG та Agents","\u002Faws\u002Fbedrock","13.aws\u002F22.bedrock",{"title":3193,"path":3194,"stem":3195},"Amazon Rekognition - Комп'ютерний зір","\u002Faws\u002Frekognition","13.aws\u002F23.rekognition",{"title":3197,"path":3198,"stem":3199},"Amazon Textract - Інтелектуальний аналіз документів","\u002Faws\u002Ftextract","13.aws\u002F24.textract",{"title":3201,"path":3202,"stem":3203},"Amazon Polly, Transcribe, Comprehend та Translate","\u002Faws\u002Faudio-nlp-services","13.aws\u002F25.audio-nlp-services",{"title":3205,"path":3206,"stem":3207,"children":3208,"page":59},"Tailwind","\u002Ftailwind","21.tailwind",[3209,3213,3217,3221,3225,3229,3233,3237,3241,3245,3249,3253],{"title":3210,"path":3211,"stem":3212},"Що таке Tailwind CSS і навіщо він потрібен","\u002Ftailwind\u002Ftailwind-intro-philosophy","21.tailwind\u002F01.tailwind-intro-philosophy",{"title":3214,"path":3215,"stem":3216},"Встановлення та налаштування Tailwind CSS v4","\u002Ftailwind\u002Ftailwind-installation-setup","21.tailwind\u002F02.tailwind-installation-setup",{"title":3218,"path":3219,"stem":3220},"Utility-класи: основи та система Tailwind","\u002Ftailwind\u002Ftailwind-utility-classes-core","21.tailwind\u002F03.tailwind-utility-classes-core",{"title":3222,"path":3223,"stem":3224},"Layout: Flexbox та Grid через Tailwind","\u002Ftailwind\u002Ftailwind-flexbox-grid","21.tailwind\u002F04.tailwind-flexbox-grid",{"title":3226,"path":3227,"stem":3228},"Кастомізація теми через @theme у Tailwind v4","\u002Ftailwind\u002Ftailwind-theme-customization","21.tailwind\u002F05.tailwind-theme-customization",{"title":3230,"path":3231,"stem":3232},"Варіанти: hover, focus, responsive, dark mode та нові v4","\u002Ftailwind\u002Ftailwind-variants-states","21.tailwind\u002F06.tailwind-variants-states",{"title":3234,"path":3235,"stem":3236},"Типографіка та система кольорів у Tailwind v4","\u002Ftailwind\u002Ftailwind-typography-colors","21.tailwind\u002F07.tailwind-typography-colors",{"title":3238,"path":3239,"stem":3240},"Компоненти та повторюваність: @apply, @utility та патерни","\u002Ftailwind\u002Ftailwind-components-patterns","21.tailwind\u002F08.tailwind-components-patterns",{"title":3242,"path":3243,"stem":3244},"Темна тема та система дизайн-токенів у Tailwind v4","\u002Ftailwind\u002Ftailwind-dark-mode-theming","21.tailwind\u002F09.tailwind-dark-mode-theming",{"title":3246,"path":3247,"stem":3248},"Довільні значення та контейнерні запити у Tailwind v4","\u002Ftailwind\u002Ftailwind-arbitrary-container-queries","21.tailwind\u002F10.tailwind-arbitrary-container-queries",{"title":3250,"path":3251,"stem":3252},"Анімації, трансформації та 3D у Tailwind v4","\u002Ftailwind\u002Ftailwind-animations-transforms","21.tailwind\u002F11.tailwind-animations-transforms",{"title":3254,"path":3255,"stem":3256},"Tailwind CLI, PostCSS та інтеграція з фреймворками","\u002Ftailwind\u002Ftailwind-cli-tooling","21.tailwind\u002F12.tailwind-cli-tooling",{"title":3258,"path":3259,"stem":3260},"Тестування компонентів діаграм","\u002Ftest-components","98.test-components",{"id":3262,"title":1865,"body":3263,"description":8558,"extension":8559,"links":8560,"meta":8561,"navigation":3325,"path":1866,"seo":8562,"stem":1867,"__hash__":8563},"docs\u002F02.cpp\u002F38.unicode-utf.md",{"type":3264,"value":3265,"toc":8507},"minimark",[3266,3270,3275,3279,3594,3605,3608,3612,3617,3620,3627,3646,3649,3653,3656,3697,3700,3705,3709,3712,3727,3731,3733,3737,3741,3744,3758,3761,3775,3779,3793,3801,3808,3812,3819,3931,3938,4178,4180,4184,4188,4199,4210,4216,4220,4235,4239,4256,4263,4269,4272,4438,4440,4444,4448,4458,4467,4491,4495,4498,4526,4533,4539,4542,4548,4560,4766,4770,4781,4787,4798,4804,4815,4836,4840,4843,4896,4898,4902,4906,4912,4929,4933,4940,5007,5014,5021,5052,5057,5061,5071,5082,5092,5098,5101,5110,5119,5125,5149,5156,5165,5171,5175,5409,5705,5709,6130,6249,6266,6290,6294,6306,6319,6344,6556,6558,6562,6569,6575,6603,6613,6616,6622,6826,6849,6859,7215,7235,7242,7428,7446,7450,7746,7750,7831,7833,7837,8018,8020,8024,8028,8109,8113,8237,8241,8310,8312,8316,8493,8503],[3267,3268,1865],"h1",{"id":3269},"unicode-та-кодування-utf",[3271,3272,3274],"h2",{"id":3273},"загадки-на-які-у-вас-поки-немає-відповіді","Загадки, на які у вас поки немає відповіді",[3276,3277,3278],"p",{},"Подивіться на три фрагменти коду:",[3280,3281,3288],"pre",{"className":3282,"code":3283,"filename":3284,"language":3285,"meta":3286,"style":3287},"language-cpp shiki shiki-themes light-plus dark-plus dark-plus","#include \u003Ciostream>\n#include \u003Ccstring>\n#include \u003Cstring>\n\nusing namespace std;\n\nint main()\n{\n    \u002F\u002F Питання 1: чому довжина не дорівнює кількості символів?\n    const char* greeting = \"Привіт\";\n    cout \u003C\u003C strlen(greeting) \u003C\u003C \"\\n\"; \u002F\u002F 12, а не 6!\n\n    \u002F\u002F Питання 2: чому емодзі «важчий» за літеру?\n    const char* party = \"🎉\";\n    cout \u003C\u003C strlen(party) \u003C\u003C \"\\n\"; \u002F\u002F 4, а не 1!\n\n    \u002F\u002F Питання 3: чому однакові на вигляд рядки можуть мати різну довжину?\n    string cafe1 = \"café\";  \u002F\u002F e з наголосом як один символ (U+00E9)\n    string cafe2 = \"cafe\\xCC\\x81\"; \u002F\u002F e + комбінуючий наголос (два code points)\n    cout \u003C\u003C cafe1.length() \u003C\u003C \"\\n\"; \u002F\u002F 5\n    cout \u003C\u003C cafe2.length() \u003C\u003C \"\\n\"; \u002F\u002F 6\n    \u002F\u002F Виглядають однаково, але різні у пам'яті!\n\n    return 0;\n}\n","UnicodePuzzle.cpp","cpp","showLineNumbers","",[3289,3290,3291,3304,3312,3320,3327,3345,3350,3363,3369,3376,3393,3420,3425,3431,3446,3467,3472,3478,3492,3511,3540,3565,3571,3576,3588],"code",{"__ignoreMap":3287},[3292,3293,3296,3300],"span",{"class":3294,"line":3295},"line",1,[3292,3297,3299],{"class":3298},"s8xlr","#include",[3292,3301,3303],{"class":3302},"sbdoH"," \u003Ciostream>\n",[3292,3305,3307,3309],{"class":3294,"line":3306},2,[3292,3308,3299],{"class":3298},[3292,3310,3311],{"class":3302}," \u003Ccstring>\n",[3292,3313,3315,3317],{"class":3294,"line":3314},3,[3292,3316,3299],{"class":3298},[3292,3318,3319],{"class":3302}," \u003Cstring>\n",[3292,3321,3323],{"class":3294,"line":3322},4,[3292,3324,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},true,"\n",[3292,3328,3330,3333,3337,3341],{"class":3294,"line":3329},5,[3292,3331,3332],{"class":3298},"using",[3292,3334,3336],{"class":3335},"su1O8"," namespace",[3292,3338,3340],{"class":3339},"sN1BT"," std",[3292,3342,3344],{"class":3343},"sHH4Y",";\n",[3292,3346,3348],{"class":3294,"line":3347},6,[3292,3349,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,3351,3353,3356,3360],{"class":3294,"line":3352},7,[3292,3354,3355],{"class":3335},"int",[3292,3357,3359],{"class":3358},"s8Opu"," main",[3292,3361,3362],{"class":3343},"()\n",[3292,3364,3366],{"class":3294,"line":3365},8,[3292,3367,3368],{"class":3343},"{\n",[3292,3370,3372],{"class":3294,"line":3371},9,[3292,3373,3375],{"class":3374},"spJ8K","    \u002F\u002F Питання 1: чому довжина не дорівнює кількості символів?\n",[3292,3377,3379,3382,3385,3388,3391],{"class":3294,"line":3378},10,[3292,3380,3381],{"class":3335},"    const",[3292,3383,3384],{"class":3335}," char",[3292,3386,3387],{"class":3343},"* greeting = ",[3292,3389,3390],{"class":3302},"\"Привіт\"",[3292,3392,3344],{"class":3343},[3292,3394,3396,3399,3402,3405,3408,3412,3414,3417],{"class":3294,"line":3395},11,[3292,3397,3398],{"class":3343},"    cout \u003C\u003C ",[3292,3400,3401],{"class":3358},"strlen",[3292,3403,3404],{"class":3343},"(greeting) \u003C\u003C ",[3292,3406,3407],{"class":3302},"\"",[3292,3409,3411],{"class":3410},"sjcCO","\\n",[3292,3413,3407],{"class":3302},[3292,3415,3416],{"class":3343},";",[3292,3418,3419],{"class":3374}," \u002F\u002F 12, а не 6!\n",[3292,3421,3423],{"class":3294,"line":3422},12,[3292,3424,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,3426,3428],{"class":3294,"line":3427},13,[3292,3429,3430],{"class":3374},"    \u002F\u002F Питання 2: чому емодзі «важчий» за літеру?\n",[3292,3432,3434,3436,3438,3441,3444],{"class":3294,"line":3433},14,[3292,3435,3381],{"class":3335},[3292,3437,3384],{"class":3335},[3292,3439,3440],{"class":3343},"* party = ",[3292,3442,3443],{"class":3302},"\"🎉\"",[3292,3445,3344],{"class":3343},[3292,3447,3449,3451,3453,3456,3458,3460,3462,3464],{"class":3294,"line":3448},15,[3292,3450,3398],{"class":3343},[3292,3452,3401],{"class":3358},[3292,3454,3455],{"class":3343},"(party) \u003C\u003C ",[3292,3457,3407],{"class":3302},[3292,3459,3411],{"class":3410},[3292,3461,3407],{"class":3302},[3292,3463,3416],{"class":3343},[3292,3465,3466],{"class":3374}," \u002F\u002F 4, а не 1!\n",[3292,3468,3470],{"class":3294,"line":3469},16,[3292,3471,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,3473,3475],{"class":3294,"line":3474},17,[3292,3476,3477],{"class":3374},"    \u002F\u002F Питання 3: чому однакові на вигляд рядки можуть мати різну довжину?\n",[3292,3479,3481,3484,3487,3489],{"class":3294,"line":3480},18,[3292,3482,3483],{"class":3343},"    string cafe1 = ",[3292,3485,3486],{"class":3302},"\"café\"",[3292,3488,3416],{"class":3343},[3292,3490,3491],{"class":3374},"  \u002F\u002F e з наголосом як один символ (U+00E9)\n",[3292,3493,3495,3498,3501,3504,3506,3508],{"class":3294,"line":3494},19,[3292,3496,3497],{"class":3343},"    string cafe2 = ",[3292,3499,3500],{"class":3302},"\"cafe",[3292,3502,3503],{"class":3410},"\\xCC\\x81",[3292,3505,3407],{"class":3302},[3292,3507,3416],{"class":3343},[3292,3509,3510],{"class":3374}," \u002F\u002F e + комбінуючий наголос (два code points)\n",[3292,3512,3514,3516,3520,3523,3526,3529,3531,3533,3535,3537],{"class":3294,"line":3513},20,[3292,3515,3398],{"class":3343},[3292,3517,3519],{"class":3518},"siwwj","cafe1",[3292,3521,3522],{"class":3343},".",[3292,3524,3525],{"class":3358},"length",[3292,3527,3528],{"class":3343},"() \u003C\u003C ",[3292,3530,3407],{"class":3302},[3292,3532,3411],{"class":3410},[3292,3534,3407],{"class":3302},[3292,3536,3416],{"class":3343},[3292,3538,3539],{"class":3374}," \u002F\u002F 5\n",[3292,3541,3543,3545,3548,3550,3552,3554,3556,3558,3560,3562],{"class":3294,"line":3542},21,[3292,3544,3398],{"class":3343},[3292,3546,3547],{"class":3518},"cafe2",[3292,3549,3522],{"class":3343},[3292,3551,3525],{"class":3358},[3292,3553,3528],{"class":3343},[3292,3555,3407],{"class":3302},[3292,3557,3411],{"class":3410},[3292,3559,3407],{"class":3302},[3292,3561,3416],{"class":3343},[3292,3563,3564],{"class":3374}," \u002F\u002F 6\n",[3292,3566,3568],{"class":3294,"line":3567},22,[3292,3569,3570],{"class":3374},"    \u002F\u002F Виглядають однаково, але різні у пам'яті!\n",[3292,3572,3574],{"class":3294,"line":3573},23,[3292,3575,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,3577,3579,3582,3586],{"class":3294,"line":3578},24,[3292,3580,3581],{"class":3298},"    return",[3292,3583,3585],{"class":3584},"sJj4R"," 0",[3292,3587,3344],{"class":3343},[3292,3589,3591],{"class":3294,"line":3590},25,[3292,3592,3593],{"class":3343},"}\n",[3276,3595,3596,3597,3601,3602,3522],{},"Усі три результати видаються контрінтуїтивними. Рядок із шести символів займає 12 байтів? Один смайлик — 4 байти? Два рядки, які виглядають ідентично, мають різну довжину? Щоб зрозуміти ці явища, необхідно зануритися у тему, що лежить в основі всього сучасного текстового програмування: стандарт ",[3598,3599,3600],"strong",{},"Unicode"," та пов'язані з ним кодування ",[3598,3603,3604],{},"UTF",[3606,3607],"hr",{},[3271,3609,3611],{"id":3610},"проблема-яку-вирішує-unicode","Проблема, яку вирішує Unicode",[3613,3614,3616],"h3",{"id":3615},"повторення-хаос-кодових-сторінок","Повторення: хаос кодових сторінок",[3276,3618,3619],{},"У попередній статті ми з'ясували, що ASCII — стандарт 1963 року — охоплює лише 128 символів і орієнтований виключно на англійську мову. Спроби розширити його за рахунок 8-го біту породили десятки несумісних між собою «кодових сторінок» (code pages): CP437 для псевдографіки DOS, CP1251 для кирилиці Windows, ISO 8859-1 для Заходу Європи, KOI8-U для Unix-систем тощо.",[3276,3621,3622,3623,3626],{},"Кожна з цих кодових сторінок по-своєму інтерпретує байти з діапазону 128–255. Байт ",[3289,3624,3625],{},"0xC0",", наприклад, означає:",[3628,3629,3630,3637,3643],"ul",{},[3631,3632,3633,3636],"li",{},[3289,3634,3635],{},"À"," (A з наголосом) у кодуванні ISO 8859-1 (Latin-1)",[3631,3638,3639,3642],{},[3289,3640,3641],{},"А"," (кирилична велика) у кодуванні CP1251",[3631,3644,3645],{},"зовсім інший символ у CP437",[3276,3647,3648],{},"Поки комп'ютери існували в ізоляції, ця фрагментація була терпимою. Але коли у 1980-х роках почав формуватися глобальний інтернет, проблема стала невідкладною.",[3613,3650,3652],{"id":3651},"уявний-сценарій-міжнародний-документ","Уявний сценарій: міжнародний документ",[3276,3654,3655],{},"Уявіть, що вам потрібно створити документ, у якому одночасно присутні:",[3628,3657,3658,3665,3672,3678,3691],{},[3631,3659,3660,3661,3664],{},"Японський текст: ",[3289,3662,3663],{},"日本語"," (три ієрогліфи кана \u002F канджі)",[3631,3666,3667,3668,3671],{},"Арабський текст: ",[3289,3669,3670],{},"مرحبا"," (привіт арабською)",[3631,3673,3674,3675],{},"Українська кирилиця: ",[3289,3676,3677],{},"Привіт",[3631,3679,3680,3681,3684,3685,3684,3688],{},"Математичні символи: ",[3289,3682,3683],{},"∑",", ",[3289,3686,3687],{},"√",[3289,3689,3690],{},"π",[3631,3692,3693,3694],{},"Звичайна латиниця: ",[3289,3695,3696],{},"Hello",[3276,3698,3699],{},"Жодна кодова сторінка з 256 символами не здатна охопити всі ці системи письма одночасно. Японська мова сама по собі має понад 2 000 символів у повсякденному вжитку (і більше 50 000 усього). Кирилиця, арабська, грецька, гебрайська, деванагарі — це лише кілька з понад 150 активних систем письма у світі.",[3276,3701,3702,3703,3522],{},"Відповідь на цей виклик була сформульована у 1988 році і реалізована у 1991 році: ",[3598,3704,3600],{},[3613,3706,3708],{"id":3707},"народження-unicode","Народження Unicode",[3276,3710,3711],{},"У 1987 році двоє інженерів — Джо Бекер (Xerox) і Лі Коллінз (Apple) — почали розробляти єдиний стандарт для всіх символів усіх мов світу. До проекту приєднався Марк Девіс з Apple. У 1991 році був опублікований перший том стандарту Unicode 1.0, що містив 7 161 символ.",[3276,3713,3714,3715,3718,3719,3722,3723,3726],{},"У 2024 році стандарт Unicode 15.1 охоплює ",[3598,3716,3717],{},"149 813 символів"," з ",[3598,3720,3721],{},"161 системи письма"," — від давньоєгипетських ієрогліфів до сучасних емодзі. При цьому простір для зростання залишається: стандарт може вмістити до ",[3598,3724,3725],{},"1 112 064"," символів.",[3728,3729,3730],"note",{},"Назва «Unicode» походить від слова «universal» (універсальний) і числа «1» — натяк на те, що це одне кодування для всіх. Проект з самого початку мав амбіційну мету: кожен символ кожної писемності — один раз, однозначно, без дублювань.",[3606,3732],{},[3271,3734,3736],{"id":3735},"unicode-це-каталог-а-не-кодування","Unicode — це каталог, а не кодування",[3613,3738,3740],{"id":3739},"ключова-концептуальна-відмінність","Ключова концептуальна відмінність",[3276,3742,3743],{},"Ось найважливіша ідея цієї статті, яку необхідно засвоїти на самому початку, перш ніж рухатися далі:",[3276,3745,3746,3749,3750,3753,3754,3757],{},[3598,3747,3748],{},"Unicode — це не кодування."," Unicode — це ",[3598,3751,3752],{},"каталог символів"," (character repertoire). Він присвоює кожному символу унікальний ",[3598,3755,3756],{},"номер",", але не визначає, як саме цей номер зберігати у пам'яті комп'ютера.",[3276,3759,3760],{},"Аналогія: уявіть бібліотечний каталог, де кожна книга має унікальний інвентарний номер. Каталог лише фіксує, що «книга № 7389 — це твори Шевченка». Але де саме стоїть ця книга на полиці, у якому відділі, у якій будівлі — каталог не визначає. Розміщення книг — окреме питання.",[3276,3762,3763,3764,3766,3767,3770,3771,3774],{},"Так само Unicode каже: «символ ",[3289,3765,3641],{}," (кирилична велика) має номер 1040 (або ",[3289,3768,3769],{},"U+0410"," у шістнадцятковій)». А от як саме зберегти число 1040 у файлі або в пам'яті — для цього існують окремі ",[3598,3772,3773],{},"схеми кодування",": UTF-8, UTF-16 та UTF-32.",[3613,3776,3778],{"id":3777},"що-таке-код-поінт","Що таке код-поінт",[3276,3780,3781,3784,3785,3788,3789,3792],{},[3598,3782,3783],{},"Код-поінт"," (code point) — це унікальний номер, присвоєний символу у стандарті Unicode. Записується у форматі ",[3289,3786,3787],{},"U+XXXX",", де ",[3289,3790,3791],{},"XXXX"," — шістнадцяткове число.",[3280,3794,3799],{"className":3795,"code":3797,"language":3798},[3796],"language-text","U+0041  →  A  (латинська велика літера A)\nU+0061  →  a  (латинська мала літера a)\nU+0410  →  А  (кирилична велика літера А)\nU+0430  →  а  (кирилична мала літера а)\nU+20AC  →  €  (знак євро)\nU+1F600 →  😀 (широко усміхнене обличчя, смайлик)\nU+1F389 →  🎉 (феєрверк, святковий хлопавець)\nU+0000  →  (нульовий символ, NULL)\n","text",[3289,3800,3797],{"__ignoreMap":3287},[3276,3802,3803,3804,3807],{},"Зверніть увагу: код-поінт — це просто число. Воно нічого не говорить про те, скільки байтів займатиме цей символ у пам'яті. Визначення байтового представлення — завдання конкретного ",[3598,3805,3806],{},"кодування"," (encoding).",[3613,3809,3811],{"id":3810},"площини-unicode-planes","Площини Unicode (Planes)",[3276,3813,3814,3815,3818],{},"Простір Unicode розбитий на ",[3598,3816,3817],{},"17 площин"," (planes), кожна з яких містить до 65 536 (2¹⁶) символів:",[3820,3821,3822,3843],"table",{},[3823,3824,3825],"thead",{},[3826,3827,3828,3833,3836,3840],"tr",{},[3829,3830,3832],"th",{"align":3831},"center","Площина",[3829,3834,3835],{"align":3831},"Діапазон",[3829,3837,3839],{"align":3838},"left","Назва",[3829,3841,3842],{"align":3838},"Що містить",[3844,3845,3846,3861,3875,3889,3903,3917],"tbody",{},[3826,3847,3848,3852,3855,3858],{},[3849,3850,3851],"td",{"align":3831},"0",[3849,3853,3854],{"align":3831},"U+0000–U+FFFF",[3849,3856,3857],{"align":3838},"BMP (Basic Multilingual Plane)",[3849,3859,3860],{"align":3838},"Більшість щоденно вживаних символів: латиниця, кирилиця, арабська, китайська, японська, корейська",[3826,3862,3863,3866,3869,3872],{},[3849,3864,3865],{"align":3831},"1",[3849,3867,3868],{"align":3831},"U+10000–U+1FFFF",[3849,3870,3871],{"align":3838},"SMP (Supplementary Multilingual Plane)",[3849,3873,3874],{"align":3838},"Давні писемності, музичні нотації, математичні символи, емодзі",[3826,3876,3877,3880,3883,3886],{},[3849,3878,3879],{"align":3831},"2",[3849,3881,3882],{"align":3831},"U+20000–U+2FFFF",[3849,3884,3885],{"align":3838},"SIP (Supplementary Ideographic Plane)",[3849,3887,3888],{"align":3838},"Рідкісні китайські, японські та корейські ієрогліфи",[3826,3890,3891,3894,3897,3900],{},[3849,3892,3893],{"align":3831},"3–13",[3849,3895,3896],{"align":3831},"—",[3849,3898,3899],{"align":3838},"Невикористані",[3849,3901,3902],{"align":3838},"Зарезервовані для майбутнього",[3826,3904,3905,3908,3911,3914],{},[3849,3906,3907],{"align":3831},"14",[3849,3909,3910],{"align":3831},"U+E0000–U+EFFFF",[3849,3912,3913],{"align":3838},"SSP (Supplementary Special-purpose Plane)",[3849,3915,3916],{"align":3838},"Теги",[3826,3918,3919,3922,3925,3928],{},[3849,3920,3921],{"align":3831},"15–16",[3849,3923,3924],{"align":3831},"U+F0000–U+10FFFF",[3849,3926,3927],{"align":3838},"PUA (Private Use Area)",[3849,3929,3930],{"align":3838},"Символи для приватного використання",[3276,3932,3933,3934,3937],{},"Переважна більшість символів, з якими стикається пересічний розробник, знаходиться у ",[3598,3935,3936],{},"BMP"," (площина 0). Символи поза BMP — це передусім рідкісні ієрогліфи та сучасні емодзі.",[3939,3940,3941],"plant-uml",{},[3280,3942,3946],{"className":3943,"code":3944,"language":3945,"meta":3287,"style":3287},"language-plantuml shiki shiki-themes light-plus dark-plus dark-plus","@startuml\nskinparam style plain\nskinparam defaultFontName \"JetBrains Mono\"\nskinparam backgroundColor #f8fafc\nskinparam defaultFontSize 13\n\ntitle Unicode — 17 площин (Planes). Загальна ємність: 1 114 112 позицій\n\nrectangle \"Plane 0: BMP (U+0000–U+FFFF)\" as bmp #3b82f6 {\n  rectangle \"Латиниця, кирилиця, арабська, грецька\" as l1 #2563eb\n  rectangle \"Китайська, японська, корейська (CJK)\" as l2 #2563eb\n  rectangle \"Більшість щоденних символів: 65 536 позицій\" as l3 #1d4ed8\n}\n\nrectangle \"Plane 1: SMP (U+10000–U+1FFFF)\" as smp #f59e0b {\n  rectangle \"Давні писемності (єгипетська, лінійне Б)\" as s1 #d97706\n  rectangle \"Математичні символи, музичні нотації\" as s2 #d97706\n  rectangle \"Емодзі: U+1F600–U+1F64F\" as s3 #b45309\n}\n\nrectangle \"Plane 2: SIP (U+20000–U+2FFFF)\" as sip #64748b {\n  rectangle \"Рідкісні CJK ієрогліфи\" as p2 #475569\n}\n\nrectangle \"Planes 3–13\" as unused #334155 {\n  rectangle \"Невикористані: зарезервовані\" as pu #334155\n}\n\nrectangle \"Planes 15–16: PUA\" as pua #22c55e {\n  rectangle \"Приватне використання\" as pp #16a34a\n}\n\nnote right of bmp\n  Покриває 99%+ щоденних потреб.\n  UTF-8: кірилиця → 2 байти,\n  CJK → 3 байти\nend note\n\nnote right of smp\n  Символи поза BMP:\n  UTF-16 потребує сурогатної пари!\n  UTF-8 → 4 байти\nend note\n\n@enduml\n","plantuml",[3289,3947,3948,3953,3958,3963,3968,3973,3977,3982,3986,3991,3996,4001,4006,4010,4014,4019,4024,4029,4034,4038,4042,4047,4052,4056,4060,4065,4071,4076,4081,4087,4093,4098,4103,4109,4115,4121,4127,4133,4138,4144,4150,4156,4162,4167,4172],{"__ignoreMap":3287},[3292,3949,3950],{"class":3294,"line":3295},[3292,3951,3952],{},"@startuml\n",[3292,3954,3955],{"class":3294,"line":3306},[3292,3956,3957],{},"skinparam style plain\n",[3292,3959,3960],{"class":3294,"line":3314},[3292,3961,3962],{},"skinparam defaultFontName \"JetBrains Mono\"\n",[3292,3964,3965],{"class":3294,"line":3322},[3292,3966,3967],{},"skinparam backgroundColor #f8fafc\n",[3292,3969,3970],{"class":3294,"line":3329},[3292,3971,3972],{},"skinparam defaultFontSize 13\n",[3292,3974,3975],{"class":3294,"line":3347},[3292,3976,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,3978,3979],{"class":3294,"line":3352},[3292,3980,3981],{},"title Unicode — 17 площин (Planes). Загальна ємність: 1 114 112 позицій\n",[3292,3983,3984],{"class":3294,"line":3365},[3292,3985,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,3987,3988],{"class":3294,"line":3371},[3292,3989,3990],{},"rectangle \"Plane 0: BMP (U+0000–U+FFFF)\" as bmp #3b82f6 {\n",[3292,3992,3993],{"class":3294,"line":3378},[3292,3994,3995],{},"  rectangle \"Латиниця, кирилиця, арабська, грецька\" as l1 #2563eb\n",[3292,3997,3998],{"class":3294,"line":3395},[3292,3999,4000],{},"  rectangle \"Китайська, японська, корейська (CJK)\" as l2 #2563eb\n",[3292,4002,4003],{"class":3294,"line":3422},[3292,4004,4005],{},"  rectangle \"Більшість щоденних символів: 65 536 позицій\" as l3 #1d4ed8\n",[3292,4007,4008],{"class":3294,"line":3427},[3292,4009,3593],{},[3292,4011,4012],{"class":3294,"line":3433},[3292,4013,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,4015,4016],{"class":3294,"line":3448},[3292,4017,4018],{},"rectangle \"Plane 1: SMP (U+10000–U+1FFFF)\" as smp #f59e0b {\n",[3292,4020,4021],{"class":3294,"line":3469},[3292,4022,4023],{},"  rectangle \"Давні писемності (єгипетська, лінійне Б)\" as s1 #d97706\n",[3292,4025,4026],{"class":3294,"line":3474},[3292,4027,4028],{},"  rectangle \"Математичні символи, музичні нотації\" as s2 #d97706\n",[3292,4030,4031],{"class":3294,"line":3480},[3292,4032,4033],{},"  rectangle \"Емодзі: U+1F600–U+1F64F\" as s3 #b45309\n",[3292,4035,4036],{"class":3294,"line":3494},[3292,4037,3593],{},[3292,4039,4040],{"class":3294,"line":3513},[3292,4041,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,4043,4044],{"class":3294,"line":3542},[3292,4045,4046],{},"rectangle \"Plane 2: SIP (U+20000–U+2FFFF)\" as sip #64748b {\n",[3292,4048,4049],{"class":3294,"line":3567},[3292,4050,4051],{},"  rectangle \"Рідкісні CJK ієрогліфи\" as p2 #475569\n",[3292,4053,4054],{"class":3294,"line":3573},[3292,4055,3593],{},[3292,4057,4058],{"class":3294,"line":3578},[3292,4059,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,4061,4062],{"class":3294,"line":3590},[3292,4063,4064],{},"rectangle \"Planes 3–13\" as unused #334155 {\n",[3292,4066,4068],{"class":3294,"line":4067},26,[3292,4069,4070],{},"  rectangle \"Невикористані: зарезервовані\" as pu #334155\n",[3292,4072,4074],{"class":3294,"line":4073},27,[3292,4075,3593],{},[3292,4077,4079],{"class":3294,"line":4078},28,[3292,4080,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,4082,4084],{"class":3294,"line":4083},29,[3292,4085,4086],{},"rectangle \"Planes 15–16: PUA\" as pua #22c55e {\n",[3292,4088,4090],{"class":3294,"line":4089},30,[3292,4091,4092],{},"  rectangle \"Приватне використання\" as pp #16a34a\n",[3292,4094,4096],{"class":3294,"line":4095},31,[3292,4097,3593],{},[3292,4099,4101],{"class":3294,"line":4100},32,[3292,4102,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,4104,4106],{"class":3294,"line":4105},33,[3292,4107,4108],{},"note right of bmp\n",[3292,4110,4112],{"class":3294,"line":4111},34,[3292,4113,4114],{},"  Покриває 99%+ щоденних потреб.\n",[3292,4116,4118],{"class":3294,"line":4117},35,[3292,4119,4120],{},"  UTF-8: кірилиця → 2 байти,\n",[3292,4122,4124],{"class":3294,"line":4123},36,[3292,4125,4126],{},"  CJK → 3 байти\n",[3292,4128,4130],{"class":3294,"line":4129},37,[3292,4131,4132],{},"end note\n",[3292,4134,4136],{"class":3294,"line":4135},38,[3292,4137,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,4139,4141],{"class":3294,"line":4140},39,[3292,4142,4143],{},"note right of smp\n",[3292,4145,4147],{"class":3294,"line":4146},40,[3292,4148,4149],{},"  Символи поза BMP:\n",[3292,4151,4153],{"class":3294,"line":4152},41,[3292,4154,4155],{},"  UTF-16 потребує сурогатної пари!\n",[3292,4157,4159],{"class":3294,"line":4158},42,[3292,4160,4161],{},"  UTF-8 → 4 байти\n",[3292,4163,4165],{"class":3294,"line":4164},43,[3292,4166,4132],{},[3292,4168,4170],{"class":3294,"line":4169},44,[3292,4171,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,4173,4175],{"class":3294,"line":4174},45,[3292,4176,4177],{},"@enduml\n",[3606,4179],{},[3271,4181,4183],{"id":4182},"utf-32-найпростіший-підхід","UTF-32: найпростіший підхід",[3613,4185,4187],{"id":4186},"принцип-роботи","Принцип роботи",[3276,4189,4190,4191,4194,4195,4198],{},"Перше і найбільш очевидне рішення питання «як зберегти код-поінт у пам'яті» — використати ціле число, достатньо велике для будь-якого Unicode-символу. Оскільки найбільший код-поінт дорівнює ",[3289,4192,4193],{},"U+10FFFF"," (= 1 114 111 у десятковій), для його зберігання вистачає ",[3598,4196,4197],{},"21 біту",". На практиці використовується 32 біти — 4 байти — з невеликим запасом.",[3276,4200,4201,4202,4205,4206,4209],{},"Таке кодування називається ",[3598,4203,4204],{},"UTF-32"," (Unicode Transformation Format, 32-bit). Його ідея проста до граничності: ",[3598,4207,4208],{},"кожен символ кодується рівно одним 32-бітним числом",", значення якого дорівнює код-поінту цього символу.",[3280,4211,4214],{"className":4212,"code":4213,"language":3798},[3796],"Символ  →  Код-поінт  →  UTF-32 (4 байти, little-endian)\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n  A     →  U+0041     →  41 00 00 00\n  А     →  U+0410     →  10 04 00 00\n  €     →  U+20AC     →  AC 20 00 00\n  🎉    →  U+1F389    →  89 F3 01 00\n",[3289,4215,4213],{"__ignoreMap":3287},[3613,4217,4219],{"id":4218},"переваги-utf-32","Переваги UTF-32",[3276,4221,4222,4223,4226,4227,4230,4231,4234],{},"Фіксована ширина кодування дає одну фундаментальну перевагу: ",[3598,4224,4225],{},"доступ до довільного символу за індексом виконується за час O(1)",". Якщо кожен символ займає рівно 4 байти, то символ з індексом ",[3289,4228,4229],{},"i"," знаходиться за байтовим зміщенням ",[3289,4232,4233],{},"i × 4",". Це робить UTF-32 зручним для внутрішньої обробки тексту, коли потрібні такі операції, як «повернути символ за номером 500» або «розбити текст на сторінки по N символів».",[3613,4236,4238],{"id":4237},"недоліки-utf-32-витрати-памяті","Недоліки UTF-32: витрати пам'яті",[3276,4240,4241,4242,4245,4246,3684,4249,4251,4252,4255],{},"Платою за простоту є ",[3598,4243,4244],{},"значне споживання пам'яті",". Будь-який ASCII-символ (",[3289,4247,4248],{},"A",[3289,4250,3851],{},", пробіл) в UTF-32 займає 4 байти замість одного. Для переважної більшості текстів, що складаються з латиниці або кирилиці, це означає ",[3598,4253,4254],{},"4-кратне збільшення розміру"," порівняно з оптимальним варіантом.",[3276,4257,4258,4259,4262],{},"Для порівняння: рядок ",[3289,4260,4261],{},"\"Hello\""," (5 символів) у різних кодуваннях:",[3280,4264,4267],{"className":4265,"code":4266,"language":3798},[3796],"ASCII \u002F UTF-8:  48 65 6C 6C 6F                    (5 байтів)\nUTF-16:         FF FE 48 00 65 00 6C 00 6C 00 6F 00 (12 байтів з BOM)\nUTF-32:         FF FE 00 00 48 00 00 00 65 00 00 00 6C 00 00 00 6C 00 00 00 6F 00 00 00 (24 байти з BOM)\n",[3289,4268,4266],{"__ignoreMap":3287},[3276,4270,4271],{},"Саме через цей надлишок UTF-32 практично не використовується для зберігання або передачі текстових даних. Натомість його застосовують у внутрішніх структурах даних деяких програм, де швидкість доступу за індексом важливіша за об'єм пам'яті.",[3939,4273,4274],{},[3280,4275,4277],{"className":3943,"code":4276,"language":3945,"meta":3287,"style":3287},"@startuml\nskinparam style plain\nskinparam defaultFontName \"JetBrains Mono\"\nskinparam backgroundColor #f8fafc\nskinparam defaultFontSize 13\n\ntitle UTF-32 vs UTF-8 — порівняння розміру для рядка \"Hello\"\n\nrectangle \"UTF-8: 5 байтів\" as u8row #22c55e {\n  rectangle \"H\\n0x41\" as b1 #16a34a\n  rectangle \"e\\n0x65\" as b2 #16a34a\n  rectangle \"l\\n0x6C\" as b3 #16a34a\n  rectangle \"l\\n0x6C\" as b4 #16a34a\n  rectangle \"o\\n0x6F\" as b5 #16a34a\n}\n\nrectangle \"UTF-32: 20 байтів (+ 4 BOM)\" as u32row #f59e0b {\n  rectangle \"H\\n41 00 00 00\" as c1 #d97706\n  rectangle \"e\\n65 00 00 00\" as c2 #d97706\n  rectangle \"l\\n6C 00 00 00\" as c3 #d97706\n  rectangle \"l\\n6C 00 00 00\" as c4 #d97706\n  rectangle \"o\\n6F 00 00 00\" as c5 #d97706\n}\n\nnote bottom of u8row\n  ASCII-сумісність: кожен байт \u003C 0x80\n  O(n) доступ за індексом (змінна довжина)\nend note\n\nnote bottom of u32row\n  4× більше пам'яті!\n  O(1) доступ за індексом (фіксована ширина)\nend note\n\n@enduml\n",[3289,4278,4279,4283,4287,4291,4295,4299,4303,4308,4312,4317,4322,4327,4332,4337,4342,4346,4350,4355,4360,4365,4370,4375,4380,4384,4388,4393,4398,4403,4407,4411,4416,4421,4426,4430,4434],{"__ignoreMap":3287},[3292,4280,4281],{"class":3294,"line":3295},[3292,4282,3952],{},[3292,4284,4285],{"class":3294,"line":3306},[3292,4286,3957],{},[3292,4288,4289],{"class":3294,"line":3314},[3292,4290,3962],{},[3292,4292,4293],{"class":3294,"line":3322},[3292,4294,3967],{},[3292,4296,4297],{"class":3294,"line":3329},[3292,4298,3972],{},[3292,4300,4301],{"class":3294,"line":3347},[3292,4302,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,4304,4305],{"class":3294,"line":3352},[3292,4306,4307],{},"title UTF-32 vs UTF-8 — порівняння розміру для рядка \"Hello\"\n",[3292,4309,4310],{"class":3294,"line":3365},[3292,4311,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,4313,4314],{"class":3294,"line":3371},[3292,4315,4316],{},"rectangle \"UTF-8: 5 байтів\" as u8row #22c55e {\n",[3292,4318,4319],{"class":3294,"line":3378},[3292,4320,4321],{},"  rectangle \"H\\n0x41\" as b1 #16a34a\n",[3292,4323,4324],{"class":3294,"line":3395},[3292,4325,4326],{},"  rectangle \"e\\n0x65\" as b2 #16a34a\n",[3292,4328,4329],{"class":3294,"line":3422},[3292,4330,4331],{},"  rectangle \"l\\n0x6C\" as b3 #16a34a\n",[3292,4333,4334],{"class":3294,"line":3427},[3292,4335,4336],{},"  rectangle \"l\\n0x6C\" as b4 #16a34a\n",[3292,4338,4339],{"class":3294,"line":3433},[3292,4340,4341],{},"  rectangle \"o\\n0x6F\" as b5 #16a34a\n",[3292,4343,4344],{"class":3294,"line":3448},[3292,4345,3593],{},[3292,4347,4348],{"class":3294,"line":3469},[3292,4349,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,4351,4352],{"class":3294,"line":3474},[3292,4353,4354],{},"rectangle \"UTF-32: 20 байтів (+ 4 BOM)\" as u32row #f59e0b {\n",[3292,4356,4357],{"class":3294,"line":3480},[3292,4358,4359],{},"  rectangle \"H\\n41 00 00 00\" as c1 #d97706\n",[3292,4361,4362],{"class":3294,"line":3494},[3292,4363,4364],{},"  rectangle \"e\\n65 00 00 00\" as c2 #d97706\n",[3292,4366,4367],{"class":3294,"line":3513},[3292,4368,4369],{},"  rectangle \"l\\n6C 00 00 00\" as c3 #d97706\n",[3292,4371,4372],{"class":3294,"line":3542},[3292,4373,4374],{},"  rectangle \"l\\n6C 00 00 00\" as c4 #d97706\n",[3292,4376,4377],{"class":3294,"line":3567},[3292,4378,4379],{},"  rectangle \"o\\n6F 00 00 00\" as c5 #d97706\n",[3292,4381,4382],{"class":3294,"line":3573},[3292,4383,3593],{},[3292,4385,4386],{"class":3294,"line":3578},[3292,4387,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,4389,4390],{"class":3294,"line":3590},[3292,4391,4392],{},"note bottom of u8row\n",[3292,4394,4395],{"class":3294,"line":4067},[3292,4396,4397],{},"  ASCII-сумісність: кожен байт \u003C 0x80\n",[3292,4399,4400],{"class":3294,"line":4073},[3292,4401,4402],{},"  O(n) доступ за індексом (змінна довжина)\n",[3292,4404,4405],{"class":3294,"line":4078},[3292,4406,4132],{},[3292,4408,4409],{"class":3294,"line":4083},[3292,4410,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,4412,4413],{"class":3294,"line":4089},[3292,4414,4415],{},"note bottom of u32row\n",[3292,4417,4418],{"class":3294,"line":4095},[3292,4419,4420],{},"  4× більше пам'яті!\n",[3292,4422,4423],{"class":3294,"line":4100},[3292,4424,4425],{},"  O(1) доступ за індексом (фіксована ширина)\n",[3292,4427,4428],{"class":3294,"line":4105},[3292,4429,4132],{},[3292,4431,4432],{"class":3294,"line":4111},[3292,4433,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,4435,4436],{"class":3294,"line":4117},[3292,4437,4177],{},[3606,4439],{},[3271,4441,4443],{"id":4442},"utf-16-компроміс-між-розміром-та-простотою","UTF-16: компроміс між розміром та простотою",[3613,4445,4447],{"id":4446},"ідея-та-базовий-принцип","Ідея та базовий принцип",[3276,4449,4450,4451,4454,4455,3522],{},"Розробники Unicode спочатку вважали, що 65 536 символів (2¹⁶) вистачить для всіх потреб — адже вся писемність людства точно не перевищить цю кількість, чи не так? Звідси народилося кодування ",[3598,4452,4453],{},"UCS-2",": кожен символ — рівно 2 байти. Але незабаром виявилося, що 65 536 символів справді недостатньо, і UCS-2 трансформувався в ",[3598,4456,4457],{},"UTF-16",[3276,4459,4460,4462,4463,4466],{},[3598,4461,4457],{}," використовує ",[3598,4464,4465],{},"16-бітні одиниці коду"," (code units) і має змінну довжину:",[3628,4468,4469,4480],{},[3631,4470,4471,4472,4475,4476,4479],{},"Символи BMP (U+0000–U+FFFF), ",[3598,4473,4474],{},"крім"," діапазону U+D800–U+DFFF, кодуються ",[3598,4477,4478],{},"однією code unit"," (2 байти). Значення code unit дорівнює код-поінту.",[3631,4481,4482,4483,4486,4487,4490],{},"Символи поза BMP (U+10000–U+10FFFF) кодуються ",[3598,4484,4485],{},"двома code units"," (4 байти) — так звана ",[3598,4488,4489],{},"сурогатна пара"," (surrogate pair).",[3613,4492,4494],{"id":4493},"сурогатні-пари-кодування-символів-поза-bmp","Сурогатні пари: кодування символів поза BMP",[3276,4496,4497],{},"Сурогатна пара — це механізм кодування символів поза BMP за допомогою двох 16-бітних значень з діапазонів:",[3628,4499,4500,4514],{},[3631,4501,4502,4505,4506,4509,4510,4513],{},[3598,4503,4504],{},"Старший сурогат"," (high surrogate): ",[3289,4507,4508],{},"U+D800","–",[3289,4511,4512],{},"U+DBFF"," (1024 значень)",[3631,4515,4516,4519,4520,4509,4523,4513],{},[3598,4517,4518],{},"Молодший сурогат"," (low surrogate): ",[3289,4521,4522],{},"U+DC00",[3289,4524,4525],{},"U+DFFF",[3276,4527,4528,4529,4532],{},"Разом ці 1024 × 1024 = ",[3598,4530,4531],{},"1 048 576 комбінацій"," забезпечують кодування всіх символів поза BMP. Ось алгоритм:",[3280,4534,4537],{"className":4535,"code":4536,"language":3798},[3796],"Для символу з код-поінтом CP, де U+10000 ≤ CP ≤ U+10FFFF:\n\n1. Відняти 0x10000:  CP' = CP - 0x10000\n   (CP' тепер у діапазоні 0x00000–0xFFFFF, тобто 20 біт)\n\n2. Старші 10 біт → старший сурогат:\n   High = 0xD800 + (CP' >> 10)\n\n3. Молодші 10 біт → молодший сурогат:\n   Low  = 0xDC00 + (CP' & 0x3FF)\n",[3289,4538,4536],{"__ignoreMap":3287},[3276,4540,4541],{},"Розберемо на прикладі символу 🎉 (U+1F389):",[3280,4543,4546],{"className":4544,"code":4545,"language":3798},[3796],"CP = 0x1F389\n\nCP' = 0x1F389 - 0x10000 = 0x0F389\n\nДвійкове: 0000 1111 0011 1000 1001\n          ┌───────────┐ ┌──────────┐\n          Старші 10 біт Молодші 10 біт\n           0b0000111100   0b1110001001\n           = 0x03C         = 0x389\n\nHigh = 0xD800 + 0x03C = 0xD83C\nLow  = 0xDC00 + 0x389 = 0xDF89\n\nUTF-16: D8 3C DF 89  (4 байти)\n",[3289,4547,4545],{"__ignoreMap":3287},[3276,4549,4550,4551,4509,4553,4555,4556,4559],{},"Щоб декодер міг відрізнити сурогати від звичайних символів, діапазон ",[3289,4552,4508],{},[3289,4554,4525],{}," у стандарті Unicode ",[3598,4557,4558],{},"зарезервований"," і не може бути призначений жодному реальному символу. Ця зона існує виключно для потреб сурогатних пар у UTF-16.",[3939,4561,4562],{},[3280,4563,4565],{"className":3943,"code":4564,"language":3945,"meta":3287,"style":3287},"@startuml\nskinparam style plain\nskinparam defaultFontName \"JetBrains Mono\"\nskinparam backgroundColor #f8fafc\nskinparam defaultFontSize 13\n\ntitle Сурогатна пара UTF-16 для символу U+1F389\n\nrectangle \"Code point: U+1F389\" as cp #3b82f6 {\n  rectangle \"127 881 (0x1F389) — поза BMP\" as bin #2563eb\n}\n\nrectangle \"Крок 1: CP' = 0x1F389 - 0x10000 = 0x0F389\" as step1 #64748b {\n  rectangle \"Старші 10 біт: 0000111100 = 0x03C\" as hi #475569\n  rectangle \"Молодші 10 біт: 1110001001 = 0x389\" as lo #475569\n}\n\nrectangle \"High Surrogate\" as high #f59e0b {\n  rectangle \"0xD800 + 0x03C = 0xD83C\" as hval #d97706\n  rectangle \"Діапазон: U+D800–U+DBFF\" as hrange #b45309\n}\n\nrectangle \"Low Surrogate\" as low #22c55e {\n  rectangle \"0xDC00 + 0x389 = 0xDF89\" as lval #16a34a\n  rectangle \"Діапазон: U+DC00–U+DFFF\" as lrange #15803d\n}\n\nrectangle \"Результат у пам'яті (4 байти)\" as result #1d4ed8 {\n  rectangle \"D8 3C  DF 89\" as bytes #2563eb\n}\n\ncp -down-> step1\nstep1 -left-> high\nstep1 -right-> low\nhigh -down-> result\nlow -down-> result\n\nnote right of result\n  Діапазон U+D800–U+DFFF\n  зарезервований Unicode!\n  Жоденого реального символу в цому діапазоні\nend note\n\n@enduml\n",[3289,4566,4567,4571,4575,4579,4583,4587,4591,4596,4600,4605,4610,4614,4618,4623,4628,4633,4637,4641,4646,4651,4656,4660,4664,4669,4674,4679,4683,4687,4692,4697,4701,4705,4710,4715,4720,4725,4730,4734,4739,4744,4749,4754,4758,4762],{"__ignoreMap":3287},[3292,4568,4569],{"class":3294,"line":3295},[3292,4570,3952],{},[3292,4572,4573],{"class":3294,"line":3306},[3292,4574,3957],{},[3292,4576,4577],{"class":3294,"line":3314},[3292,4578,3962],{},[3292,4580,4581],{"class":3294,"line":3322},[3292,4582,3967],{},[3292,4584,4585],{"class":3294,"line":3329},[3292,4586,3972],{},[3292,4588,4589],{"class":3294,"line":3347},[3292,4590,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,4592,4593],{"class":3294,"line":3352},[3292,4594,4595],{},"title Сурогатна пара UTF-16 для символу U+1F389\n",[3292,4597,4598],{"class":3294,"line":3365},[3292,4599,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,4601,4602],{"class":3294,"line":3371},[3292,4603,4604],{},"rectangle \"Code point: U+1F389\" as cp #3b82f6 {\n",[3292,4606,4607],{"class":3294,"line":3378},[3292,4608,4609],{},"  rectangle \"127 881 (0x1F389) — поза BMP\" as bin #2563eb\n",[3292,4611,4612],{"class":3294,"line":3395},[3292,4613,3593],{},[3292,4615,4616],{"class":3294,"line":3422},[3292,4617,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,4619,4620],{"class":3294,"line":3427},[3292,4621,4622],{},"rectangle \"Крок 1: CP' = 0x1F389 - 0x10000 = 0x0F389\" as step1 #64748b {\n",[3292,4624,4625],{"class":3294,"line":3433},[3292,4626,4627],{},"  rectangle \"Старші 10 біт: 0000111100 = 0x03C\" as hi #475569\n",[3292,4629,4630],{"class":3294,"line":3448},[3292,4631,4632],{},"  rectangle \"Молодші 10 біт: 1110001001 = 0x389\" as lo #475569\n",[3292,4634,4635],{"class":3294,"line":3469},[3292,4636,3593],{},[3292,4638,4639],{"class":3294,"line":3474},[3292,4640,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,4642,4643],{"class":3294,"line":3480},[3292,4644,4645],{},"rectangle \"High Surrogate\" as high #f59e0b {\n",[3292,4647,4648],{"class":3294,"line":3494},[3292,4649,4650],{},"  rectangle \"0xD800 + 0x03C = 0xD83C\" as hval #d97706\n",[3292,4652,4653],{"class":3294,"line":3513},[3292,4654,4655],{},"  rectangle \"Діапазон: U+D800–U+DBFF\" as hrange #b45309\n",[3292,4657,4658],{"class":3294,"line":3542},[3292,4659,3593],{},[3292,4661,4662],{"class":3294,"line":3567},[3292,4663,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,4665,4666],{"class":3294,"line":3573},[3292,4667,4668],{},"rectangle \"Low Surrogate\" as low #22c55e {\n",[3292,4670,4671],{"class":3294,"line":3578},[3292,4672,4673],{},"  rectangle \"0xDC00 + 0x389 = 0xDF89\" as lval #16a34a\n",[3292,4675,4676],{"class":3294,"line":3590},[3292,4677,4678],{},"  rectangle \"Діапазон: U+DC00–U+DFFF\" as lrange #15803d\n",[3292,4680,4681],{"class":3294,"line":4067},[3292,4682,3593],{},[3292,4684,4685],{"class":3294,"line":4073},[3292,4686,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,4688,4689],{"class":3294,"line":4078},[3292,4690,4691],{},"rectangle \"Результат у пам'яті (4 байти)\" as result #1d4ed8 {\n",[3292,4693,4694],{"class":3294,"line":4083},[3292,4695,4696],{},"  rectangle \"D8 3C  DF 89\" as bytes #2563eb\n",[3292,4698,4699],{"class":3294,"line":4089},[3292,4700,3593],{},[3292,4702,4703],{"class":3294,"line":4095},[3292,4704,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,4706,4707],{"class":3294,"line":4100},[3292,4708,4709],{},"cp -down-> step1\n",[3292,4711,4712],{"class":3294,"line":4105},[3292,4713,4714],{},"step1 -left-> high\n",[3292,4716,4717],{"class":3294,"line":4111},[3292,4718,4719],{},"step1 -right-> low\n",[3292,4721,4722],{"class":3294,"line":4117},[3292,4723,4724],{},"high -down-> result\n",[3292,4726,4727],{"class":3294,"line":4123},[3292,4728,4729],{},"low -down-> result\n",[3292,4731,4732],{"class":3294,"line":4129},[3292,4733,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,4735,4736],{"class":3294,"line":4135},[3292,4737,4738],{},"note right of result\n",[3292,4740,4741],{"class":3294,"line":4140},[3292,4742,4743],{},"  Діапазон U+D800–U+DFFF\n",[3292,4745,4746],{"class":3294,"line":4146},[3292,4747,4748],{},"  зарезервований Unicode!\n",[3292,4750,4751],{"class":3294,"line":4152},[3292,4752,4753],{},"  Жоденого реального символу в цому діапазоні\n",[3292,4755,4756],{"class":3294,"line":4158},[3292,4757,4132],{},[3292,4759,4760],{"class":3294,"line":4164},[3292,4761,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,4763,4764],{"class":3294,"line":4169},[3292,4765,4177],{},[3613,4767,4769],{"id":4768},"byte-order-mark-bom","Byte Order Mark (BOM)",[3276,4771,4772,4773,4776,4777,4780],{},"Коли 16-бітні числа зберігаються у файлі, виникає питання ",[3598,4774,4775],{},"порядку байтів"," (byte order). Для числа ",[3289,4778,4779],{},"0x0041"," ('A') у пам'яті можливі два варіанти:",[3280,4782,4785],{"className":4783,"code":4784,"language":3798},[3796],"Little-Endian (молодший байт перший):  41 00\nBig-Endian    (старший байт перший):   00 41\n",[3289,4786,4784],{"__ignoreMap":3287},[3276,4788,4789,4790,4793,4794,4797],{},"Щоб вказати, який порядок використовується у файлі, UTF-16 використовує ",[3598,4791,4792],{},"BOM"," (Byte Order Mark) — спеціальний символ ",[3289,4795,4796],{},"U+FEFF"," («нерозривний пробіл нульової ширини»), що записується на самому початку файлу:",[3280,4799,4802],{"className":4800,"code":4801,"language":3798},[3796],"UTF-16 LE: FF FE  (FF FE → 0xFEFF у little-endian → символ U+FEFF)\nUTF-16 BE: FE FF  (FE FF → 0xFEFF у big-endian)\n",[3289,4803,4801],{"__ignoreMap":3287},[3276,4805,4806,4807,4810,4811,4814],{},"Побачивши два початкові байти ",[3289,4808,4809],{},"FF FE",", програма розуміє: «цей файл у UTF-16 Little-Endian». Побачивши ",[3289,4812,4813],{},"FE FF"," — Big-Endian. Якщо BOM відсутній, стандарт рекомендує вважати Big-Endian, але на практиці переважає Little-Endian (особливо у Windows).",[3728,4816,4817,4818,4821,4822,3684,4825,4828,4829,4832,4833,4835],{},"У Windows UTF-16 Little-Endian є ",[3598,4819,4820],{},"рідним"," кодуванням для Win32 API. Функції ",[3289,4823,4824],{},"CreateFileW",[3289,4826,4827],{},"MessageBoxW"," та більшість Unicode-функцій Windows оперують рядками у кодуванні UTF-16 LE. Саме тому у Windows ",[3289,4830,4831],{},"wchar_t"," займає 2 байти. На Linux та macOS ",[3289,4834,4831],{}," зазвичай займає 4 байти і відповідає UTF-32.",[3613,4837,4839],{"id":4838},"де-використовується-utf-16","Де використовується UTF-16",[3276,4841,4842],{},"UTF-16 є рідним кодуванням у кількох важливих технологіях:",[3628,4844,4845,4855,4868,4874,4884],{},[3631,4846,4847,4850,4851,4854],{},[3598,4848,4849],{},"Windows API"," — усі Unicode-функції Win32 (з суфіксом ",[3289,4852,4853],{},"W",")",[3631,4856,4857,4859,4860,4863,4864,4867],{},[3598,4858,2351],{}," — тип ",[3289,4861,4862],{},"char"," у Java є 16-бітним, рядки ",[3289,4865,4866],{},"String"," зберігаються у UTF-16",[3631,4869,4870,4873],{},[3598,4871,4872],{},"JavaScript \u002F ECMAScript"," — рядки зберігаються у UTF-16 (що і є причиною відомих проблем з емодзі у JS)",[3631,4875,4876,4879,4880,4883],{},[3598,4877,4878],{},"Qt (Qt framework)"," — клас ",[3289,4881,4882],{},"QString"," внутрішньо використовує UTF-16",[3631,4885,4886,4859,4889,4892,4893,4895],{},[3598,4887,4888],{},"macOS Cocoa\u002FSwift",[3289,4890,4891],{},"NSString"," \u002F ",[3289,4894,4866],{}," також UTF-16",[3606,4897],{},[3271,4899,4901],{"id":4900},"utf-8-кодування-що-підкорило-інтернет","UTF-8: кодування, що підкорило інтернет ⭐",[3613,4903,4905],{"id":4904},"передумови-та-винахід","Передумови та винахід",[3276,4907,4908,4911],{},[3598,4909,4910],{},"UTF-8"," був розроблений у 1992 році Кеном Томпсоном (автором Unix) і Робом Пайком (пізніше один із творців мови Go). Вони вирішували конкретну задачу: як зробити Unicode-сумісним операційну систему Plan 9, яка ґрунтувалася на однобайтових символах ASCII. Елегантне рішення, народжене за одну ніч у ресторані, де Томпсон набросав схему на паперовій серветці, стало найпоширенішим кодуванням у світі.",[3276,4913,4914,4915,4918,4919,3684,4922,4925,4926,3522],{},"Сьогодні UTF-8 використовується на ",[3598,4916,4917],{},"98%+ всіх вебсайтів",", є кодуванням за замовчуванням у Linux, macOS, Python 3, Rust, Go та безлічі інших технологій. Його успіх пояснюється трьома властивостями: ",[3598,4920,4921],{},"сумісністю з ASCII",[3598,4923,4924],{},"компактністю"," та ",[3598,4927,4928],{},"самосинхронізацією",[3613,4930,4932],{"id":4931},"схема-кодування-utf-8","Схема кодування UTF-8",[3276,4934,4935,4936,4939],{},"UTF-8 кодує кожен Unicode код-поінт у послідовність від ",[3598,4937,4938],{},"одного до чотирьох байтів",". Кількість байтів визначається діапазоном код-поінту:",[3820,4941,4942,4955],{},[3823,4943,4944],{},[3826,4945,4946,4949,4952],{},[3829,4947,4948],{"align":3838},"Діапазон код-поінтів",[3829,4950,4951],{"align":3831},"Байтів",[3829,4953,4954],{"align":3838},"Шаблон байтів",[3844,4956,4957,4969,4981,4994],{},[3826,4958,4959,4962,4964],{},[3849,4960,4961],{"align":3838},"U+0000 – U+007F",[3849,4963,3865],{"align":3831},[3849,4965,4966],{"align":3838},[3289,4967,4968],{},"0xxxxxxx",[3826,4970,4971,4974,4976],{},[3849,4972,4973],{"align":3838},"U+0080 – U+07FF",[3849,4975,3879],{"align":3831},[3849,4977,4978],{"align":3838},[3289,4979,4980],{},"110xxxxx 10xxxxxx",[3826,4982,4983,4986,4989],{},[3849,4984,4985],{"align":3838},"U+0800 – U+FFFF",[3849,4987,4988],{"align":3831},"3",[3849,4990,4991],{"align":3838},[3289,4992,4993],{},"1110xxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx",[3826,4995,4996,4999,5002],{},[3849,4997,4998],{"align":3838},"U+10000 – U+10FFFF",[3849,5000,5001],{"align":3831},"4",[3849,5003,5004],{"align":3838},[3289,5005,5006],{},"11110xxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx",[3276,5008,5009,5010,5013],{},"Де ",[3289,5011,5012],{},"x"," — біти самого код-поінту (заповнюються справа наліво).",[3276,5015,5016,5017,5020],{},"Ключ до розуміння схеми — у ",[3598,5018,5019],{},"структурі старших бітів",":",[3628,5022,5023,5032,5042],{},[3631,5024,5025,5028,5029,5031],{},[3598,5026,5027],{},"Одинарний байт"," (ASCII): починається з ",[3289,5030,3851],{},". Це означає «я повноцінний символ і ніхто мені більше не потрібен».",[3631,5033,5034,5037,5038,5041],{},[3598,5035,5036],{},"Перший байт"," багатобайтової послідовності: починається з двох або більше одиниць, потім нуль. Кількість провідних одиниць вказує ",[3598,5039,5040],{},"загальну кількість байтів"," у послідовності.",[3631,5043,5044,5047,5048,5051],{},[3598,5045,5046],{},"Продовжуючий байт",": завжди починається з ",[3289,5049,5050],{},"10",". Це знак «я — не перший байт символу, я — продовження».",[3276,5053,5054,5055,3522],{},"Така структура дозволяє декодеру у будь-який момент однозначно визначити, чи є поточний байт початком нового символу, чи продовженням попереднього. Саме це і є ",[3598,5056,4928],{},[3613,5058,5060],{"id":5059},"покрокове-кодування-від-код-поінту-до-байтів","Покрокове кодування: від код-поінту до байтів",[3276,5062,5063,5064,5066,5067,5070],{},"Розберемо процес кодування для трьох символів — латинського ",[3289,5065,4248],{},", кириличного ",[3289,5068,5069],{},"Я"," та смайлика 🎉.",[5072,5073,5075,5076,5078,5079,4854],"h4",{"id":5074},"символ-a-u0041-65-0b01000001","Символ ",[3289,5077,4248],{}," (U+0041 = 65 = ",[3289,5080,5081],{},"0b01000001",[3276,5083,5084,5085,5088,5089,5020],{},"Код-поінт ",[3289,5086,5087],{},"0x41"," потрапляє у діапазон U+0000–U+007F, тому використовується ",[3598,5090,5091],{},"однобайтова схема",[3280,5093,5096],{"className":5094,"code":5095,"language":3798},[3796],"Шаблон: 0xxxxxxx\nЗаповнення: 0 1000001\nРезультат: 0x41\n",[3289,5097,5095],{"__ignoreMap":3287},[3276,5099,5100],{},"Ідентично ASCII. Це і є сумісність: будь-який ASCII-текст є валідним UTF-8 без жодних змін.",[5072,5102,5075,5104,5106,5107,4854],{"id":5103},"символ-я-u042f-1071-0b10000101111",[3289,5105,5069],{}," (U+042F = 1071 = ",[3289,5108,5109],{},"0b10000101111",[3276,5111,5084,5112,5115,5116,5020],{},[3289,5113,5114],{},"0x042F"," потрапляє у діапазон U+0080–U+07FF, тому потрібно ",[3598,5117,5118],{},"2 байти",[3280,5120,5123],{"className":5121,"code":5122,"language":3798},[3796],"Шаблон: 110xxxxx 10xxxxxx\n\nКод-поінт у двійковому:  0 0100 0010 1111\n                                         (11 корисних біт)\n\nРозкладаємо: старші 5 біт → 00100 (= 0x04)\n             молодші 6 біт → 101111 (= 0x2F)\n\nБайт 1: 110 00100 = 0xC4\nБайт 2: 10 101111 = 0xAF\n\nUTF-8: C4 AF\n",[3289,5124,5122],{"__ignoreMap":3287},[3276,5126,5127,5128,5131,5132,5135,5136,5139,5140,5131,5143,5135,5146,5148],{},"Перевірка: ",[3289,5129,5130],{},"0xC4"," = ",[3289,5133,5134],{},"11000100",", починається з ",[3289,5137,5138],{},"110"," → перший байт 2-байтової послідовності. ",[3289,5141,5142],{},"0xAF",[3289,5144,5145],{},"10101111",[3289,5147,5050],{}," → продовжуючий байт. ✓",[5072,5150,5152,5153,4854],{"id":5151},"символ-u1f389-127881-0b11111001110001001","Символ 🎉 (U+1F389 = 127881 = ",[3289,5154,5155],{},"0b11111001110001001",[3276,5157,5084,5158,5161,5162,5020],{},[3289,5159,5160],{},"0x1F389"," потрапляє у діапазон U+10000–U+10FFFF, тому потрібно ",[3598,5163,5164],{},"4 байти",[3280,5166,5169],{"className":5167,"code":5168,"language":3798},[3796],"Шаблон: 11110xxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx\n\nКод-поінт: 0x1F389 = 0001 1111 0011 1000 1001\n                     (21 корисний біт, доповнений до 21: 000 011111 001110 001001)\n\nРозкладаємо (21 біт справа наліво):\n  Байт 4 (молодші 6): 001001 = 0x09\n  Байт 3 (наст.   6): 001110 = 0x0E\n  Байт 2 (наст.   6): 011111 = 0x1F\n  Байт 1 (старші  3): 000    = 0x00\n\nБайт 1: 11110 000 = 0xF0\nБайт 2: 10 011111 = 0x9F\nБайт 3: 10 001110 = 0x8E\nБайт 4: 10 001001 = 0x89\n\nUTF-8: F0 9F 8E 89\n",[3289,5170,5168],{"__ignoreMap":3287},[3613,5172,5174],{"id":5173},"таблиця-кодування-ключових-символів-у-utf-8","Таблиця кодування ключових символів у UTF-8",[3820,5176,5177,5195],{},[3823,5178,5179],{},[3826,5180,5181,5184,5187,5190,5192],{},[3829,5182,5183],{"align":3831},"Символ",[3829,5185,5186],{"align":3831},"Code Point",[3829,5188,5189],{"align":3831},"UTF-8 (hex)",[3829,5191,4951],{"align":3831},[3829,5193,5194],{"align":3838},"Примітка",[3844,5196,5197,5216,5235,5255,5275,5295,5312,5330,5350,5370,5390],{},[3826,5198,5199,5203,5206,5211,5213],{},[3849,5200,5201],{"align":3831},[3289,5202,4248],{},[3849,5204,5205],{"align":3831},"U+0041",[3849,5207,5208],{"align":3831},[3289,5209,5210],{},"41",[3849,5212,3865],{"align":3831},[3849,5214,5215],{"align":3838},"ASCII, сумісний",[3826,5217,5218,5222,5225,5230,5232],{},[3849,5219,5220],{"align":3831},[3289,5221,3851],{},[3849,5223,5224],{"align":3831},"U+0030",[3849,5226,5227],{"align":3831},[3289,5228,5229],{},"30",[3849,5231,3865],{"align":3831},[3849,5233,5234],{"align":3838},"ASCII",[3826,5236,5237,5243,5246,5251,5253],{},[3849,5238,5239,5242],{"align":3831},[3289,5240,5241],{}," "," (пробіл)",[3849,5244,5245],{"align":3831},"U+0020",[3849,5247,5248],{"align":3831},[3289,5249,5250],{},"20",[3849,5252,3865],{"align":3831},[3849,5254,5234],{"align":3838},[3826,5256,5257,5262,5265,5270,5272],{},[3849,5258,5259],{"align":3831},[3289,5260,5261],{},"é",[3849,5263,5264],{"align":3831},"U+00E9",[3849,5266,5267],{"align":3831},[3289,5268,5269],{},"C3 A9",[3849,5271,3879],{"align":3831},[3849,5273,5274],{"align":3838},"Latin Extended",[3826,5276,5277,5282,5285,5290,5292],{},[3849,5278,5279],{"align":3831},[3289,5280,5281],{},"ї",[3849,5283,5284],{"align":3831},"U+0457",[3849,5286,5287],{"align":3831},[3289,5288,5289],{},"D1 97",[3849,5291,3879],{"align":3831},[3849,5293,5294],{"align":3838},"Кирилиця",[3826,5296,5297,5301,5303,5308,5310],{},[3849,5298,5299],{"align":3831},[3289,5300,3641],{},[3849,5302,3769],{"align":3831},[3849,5304,5305],{"align":3831},[3289,5306,5307],{},"D0 90",[3849,5309,3879],{"align":3831},[3849,5311,5294],{"align":3838},[3826,5313,5314,5318,5321,5326,5328],{},[3849,5315,5316],{"align":3831},[3289,5317,5069],{},[3849,5319,5320],{"align":3831},"U+042F",[3849,5322,5323],{"align":3831},[3289,5324,5325],{},"D0 AF",[3849,5327,3879],{"align":3831},[3849,5329,5294],{"align":3838},[3826,5331,5332,5337,5340,5345,5347],{},[3849,5333,5334],{"align":3831},[3289,5335,5336],{},"€",[3849,5338,5339],{"align":3831},"U+20AC",[3849,5341,5342],{"align":3831},[3289,5343,5344],{},"E2 82 AC",[3849,5346,4988],{"align":3831},[3849,5348,5349],{"align":3838},"Знак євро",[3826,5351,5352,5357,5360,5365,5367],{},[3849,5353,5354],{"align":3831},[3289,5355,5356],{},"中",[3849,5358,5359],{"align":3831},"U+4E2D",[3849,5361,5362],{"align":3831},[3289,5363,5364],{},"E4 B8 AD",[3849,5366,4988],{"align":3831},[3849,5368,5369],{"align":3838},"Китайський ієрогліф",[3826,5371,5372,5377,5380,5385,5387],{},[3849,5373,5374],{"align":3831},[3289,5375,5376],{},"😀",[3849,5378,5379],{"align":3831},"U+1F600",[3849,5381,5382],{"align":3831},[3289,5383,5384],{},"F0 9F 98 80",[3849,5386,5001],{"align":3831},[3849,5388,5389],{"align":3838},"Емодзі (SMP)",[3826,5391,5392,5397,5400,5405,5407],{},[3849,5393,5394],{"align":3831},[3289,5395,5396],{},"🎉",[3849,5398,5399],{"align":3831},"U+1F389",[3849,5401,5402],{"align":3831},[3289,5403,5404],{},"F0 9F 8E 89",[3849,5406,5001],{"align":3831},[3849,5408,5389],{"align":3838},[3939,5410,5411],{},[3280,5412,5414],{"className":3943,"code":5413,"language":3945,"meta":3287,"style":3287},"@startuml\nskinparam style plain\nskinparam defaultFontName \"JetBrains Mono\"\nskinparam backgroundColor #f8fafc\nskinparam defaultFontSize 13\n\ntitle UTF-8 — структура байтів: старші біти визначають роль байта\n\nrectangle \"1 байт: U+0000–U+007F\" as r1 #22c55e {\n  rectangle \"Bit: 0xxxxxxx\" as p1 #16a34a\n  rectangle \"ASCII: 'A' → 0x41\" as e1 #15803d\n}\n\nrectangle \"2 байти: U+0080–U+07FF\" as r2 #3b82f6 {\n  rectangle \"Byte 1: 110xxxxx\" as p2a #2563eb\n  rectangle \"Byte 2:  10xxxxxx\" as p2b #2563eb\n  rectangle \"11 корисних біт | 'Я' → D0 AF\" as e2 #1d4ed8\n}\n\nrectangle \"3 байти: U+0800–U+FFFF\" as r3 #f59e0b {\n  rectangle \"Byte 1: 1110xxxx\" as p3a #d97706\n  rectangle \"Byte 2:  10xxxxxx\" as p3b #d97706\n  rectangle \"Byte 3:  10xxxxxx\" as p3c #d97706\n  rectangle \"16 корисних біт | '€' → E2 82 AC\" as e3 #b45309\n}\n\nrectangle \"4 байти: U+10000–U+10FFFF\" as r4 #64748b {\n  rectangle \"Byte 1: 11110xxx\" as p4a #475569\n  rectangle \"Byte 2:  10xxxxxx\" as p4b #475569\n  rectangle \"Byte 3:  10xxxxxx\" as p4c #475569\n  rectangle \"Byte 4:  10xxxxxx\" as p4d #475569\n  rectangle \"21 корисний біт | '🎉' → F0 9F 8E 89\" as e4 #334155\n}\n\nnote right of r1\n  0 у першому біті:\n  ASCII-символ, 1 байт\nend note\n\nnote right of r2\n  110 у першому байті:\n  2-байтова послідовність\nend note\n\nnote right of r3\n  1110 в першому байті:\n  3-байтова послідовність\nend note\n\nnote right of r4\n  11110 в першому байті:\n  4-байтова послідовність\nend note\n\nnote bottom\n  Продовжуючий байт — завжди 10xxxxxx.\n  Самосинхронізація: за старшими бітами завжди зрозуміло, де починається символ\nend note\n\n@enduml\n",[3289,5415,5416,5420,5424,5428,5432,5436,5440,5445,5449,5454,5459,5464,5468,5472,5477,5482,5487,5492,5496,5500,5505,5510,5515,5520,5525,5529,5533,5538,5543,5548,5553,5558,5563,5567,5571,5576,5581,5586,5590,5594,5599,5604,5609,5613,5617,5622,5628,5634,5639,5644,5650,5656,5662,5667,5672,5678,5684,5690,5695,5700],{"__ignoreMap":3287},[3292,5417,5418],{"class":3294,"line":3295},[3292,5419,3952],{},[3292,5421,5422],{"class":3294,"line":3306},[3292,5423,3957],{},[3292,5425,5426],{"class":3294,"line":3314},[3292,5427,3962],{},[3292,5429,5430],{"class":3294,"line":3322},[3292,5431,3967],{},[3292,5433,5434],{"class":3294,"line":3329},[3292,5435,3972],{},[3292,5437,5438],{"class":3294,"line":3347},[3292,5439,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,5441,5442],{"class":3294,"line":3352},[3292,5443,5444],{},"title UTF-8 — структура байтів: старші біти визначають роль байта\n",[3292,5446,5447],{"class":3294,"line":3365},[3292,5448,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,5450,5451],{"class":3294,"line":3371},[3292,5452,5453],{},"rectangle \"1 байт: U+0000–U+007F\" as r1 #22c55e {\n",[3292,5455,5456],{"class":3294,"line":3378},[3292,5457,5458],{},"  rectangle \"Bit: 0xxxxxxx\" as p1 #16a34a\n",[3292,5460,5461],{"class":3294,"line":3395},[3292,5462,5463],{},"  rectangle \"ASCII: 'A' → 0x41\" as e1 #15803d\n",[3292,5465,5466],{"class":3294,"line":3422},[3292,5467,3593],{},[3292,5469,5470],{"class":3294,"line":3427},[3292,5471,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,5473,5474],{"class":3294,"line":3433},[3292,5475,5476],{},"rectangle \"2 байти: U+0080–U+07FF\" as r2 #3b82f6 {\n",[3292,5478,5479],{"class":3294,"line":3448},[3292,5480,5481],{},"  rectangle \"Byte 1: 110xxxxx\" as p2a #2563eb\n",[3292,5483,5484],{"class":3294,"line":3469},[3292,5485,5486],{},"  rectangle \"Byte 2:  10xxxxxx\" as p2b #2563eb\n",[3292,5488,5489],{"class":3294,"line":3474},[3292,5490,5491],{},"  rectangle \"11 корисних біт | 'Я' → D0 AF\" as e2 #1d4ed8\n",[3292,5493,5494],{"class":3294,"line":3480},[3292,5495,3593],{},[3292,5497,5498],{"class":3294,"line":3494},[3292,5499,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,5501,5502],{"class":3294,"line":3513},[3292,5503,5504],{},"rectangle \"3 байти: U+0800–U+FFFF\" as r3 #f59e0b {\n",[3292,5506,5507],{"class":3294,"line":3542},[3292,5508,5509],{},"  rectangle \"Byte 1: 1110xxxx\" as p3a #d97706\n",[3292,5511,5512],{"class":3294,"line":3567},[3292,5513,5514],{},"  rectangle \"Byte 2:  10xxxxxx\" as p3b #d97706\n",[3292,5516,5517],{"class":3294,"line":3573},[3292,5518,5519],{},"  rectangle \"Byte 3:  10xxxxxx\" as p3c #d97706\n",[3292,5521,5522],{"class":3294,"line":3578},[3292,5523,5524],{},"  rectangle \"16 корисних біт | '€' → E2 82 AC\" as e3 #b45309\n",[3292,5526,5527],{"class":3294,"line":3590},[3292,5528,3593],{},[3292,5530,5531],{"class":3294,"line":4067},[3292,5532,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,5534,5535],{"class":3294,"line":4073},[3292,5536,5537],{},"rectangle \"4 байти: U+10000–U+10FFFF\" as r4 #64748b {\n",[3292,5539,5540],{"class":3294,"line":4078},[3292,5541,5542],{},"  rectangle \"Byte 1: 11110xxx\" as p4a #475569\n",[3292,5544,5545],{"class":3294,"line":4083},[3292,5546,5547],{},"  rectangle \"Byte 2:  10xxxxxx\" as p4b #475569\n",[3292,5549,5550],{"class":3294,"line":4089},[3292,5551,5552],{},"  rectangle \"Byte 3:  10xxxxxx\" as p4c #475569\n",[3292,5554,5555],{"class":3294,"line":4095},[3292,5556,5557],{},"  rectangle \"Byte 4:  10xxxxxx\" as p4d #475569\n",[3292,5559,5560],{"class":3294,"line":4100},[3292,5561,5562],{},"  rectangle \"21 корисний біт | '🎉' → F0 9F 8E 89\" as e4 #334155\n",[3292,5564,5565],{"class":3294,"line":4105},[3292,5566,3593],{},[3292,5568,5569],{"class":3294,"line":4111},[3292,5570,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,5572,5573],{"class":3294,"line":4117},[3292,5574,5575],{},"note right of r1\n",[3292,5577,5578],{"class":3294,"line":4123},[3292,5579,5580],{},"  0 у першому біті:\n",[3292,5582,5583],{"class":3294,"line":4129},[3292,5584,5585],{},"  ASCII-символ, 1 байт\n",[3292,5587,5588],{"class":3294,"line":4135},[3292,5589,4132],{},[3292,5591,5592],{"class":3294,"line":4140},[3292,5593,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,5595,5596],{"class":3294,"line":4146},[3292,5597,5598],{},"note right of r2\n",[3292,5600,5601],{"class":3294,"line":4152},[3292,5602,5603],{},"  110 у першому байті:\n",[3292,5605,5606],{"class":3294,"line":4158},[3292,5607,5608],{},"  2-байтова послідовність\n",[3292,5610,5611],{"class":3294,"line":4164},[3292,5612,4132],{},[3292,5614,5615],{"class":3294,"line":4169},[3292,5616,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,5618,5619],{"class":3294,"line":4174},[3292,5620,5621],{},"note right of r3\n",[3292,5623,5625],{"class":3294,"line":5624},46,[3292,5626,5627],{},"  1110 в першому байті:\n",[3292,5629,5631],{"class":3294,"line":5630},47,[3292,5632,5633],{},"  3-байтова послідовність\n",[3292,5635,5637],{"class":3294,"line":5636},48,[3292,5638,4132],{},[3292,5640,5642],{"class":3294,"line":5641},49,[3292,5643,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,5645,5647],{"class":3294,"line":5646},50,[3292,5648,5649],{},"note right of r4\n",[3292,5651,5653],{"class":3294,"line":5652},51,[3292,5654,5655],{},"  11110 в першому байті:\n",[3292,5657,5659],{"class":3294,"line":5658},52,[3292,5660,5661],{},"  4-байтова послідовність\n",[3292,5663,5665],{"class":3294,"line":5664},53,[3292,5666,4132],{},[3292,5668,5670],{"class":3294,"line":5669},54,[3292,5671,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,5673,5675],{"class":3294,"line":5674},55,[3292,5676,5677],{},"note bottom\n",[3292,5679,5681],{"class":3294,"line":5680},56,[3292,5682,5683],{},"  Продовжуючий байт — завжди 10xxxxxx.\n",[3292,5685,5687],{"class":3294,"line":5686},57,[3292,5688,5689],{},"  Самосинхронізація: за старшими бітами завжди зрозуміло, де починається символ\n",[3292,5691,5693],{"class":3294,"line":5692},58,[3292,5694,4132],{},[3292,5696,5698],{"class":3294,"line":5697},59,[3292,5699,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,5701,5703],{"class":3294,"line":5702},60,[3292,5704,4177],{},[3613,5706,5708],{"id":5707},"практична-демонстрація-у-c","Практична демонстрація у C++",[3280,5710,5713],{"className":3282,"code":5711,"filename":5712,"language":3285,"meta":3286,"style":3287},"#include \u003Ciostream>\n#include \u003Ccstring>\n\nusing namespace std;\n\n\u002F\u002F Виводить кожен байт рядка у шістнадцятковому форматі\nvoid printBytes(const char* str)\n{\n    const unsigned char* bytes = reinterpret_cast\u003Cconst unsigned char*>(str);\n    size_t len = strlen(str);\n\n    cout \u003C\u003C \"Рядок: \" \u003C\u003C str \u003C\u003C \"\\n\";\n    cout \u003C\u003C \"Байти (\" \u003C\u003C len \u003C\u003C \"): \";\n    for (size_t i = 0; i \u003C len; ++i)\n    {\n        \u002F\u002F Вивести кожен байт у форматі 0xXX\n        char hex[5];\n        snprintf(hex, sizeof(hex), \"%02X \", bytes[i]);\n        cout \u003C\u003C hex;\n    }\n    cout \u003C\u003C \"\\n\\n\";\n}\n\nint main()\n{\n    printBytes(\"A\");          \u002F\u002F 1 байт: 41\n    printBytes(\"Я\");          \u002F\u002F 2 байти: D0 AF\n    printBytes(\"€\");          \u002F\u002F 3 байти: E2 82 AC\n    printBytes(\"🎉\");         \u002F\u002F 4 байти: F0 9F 8E 89\n    printBytes(\"Привіт\");     \u002F\u002F 12 байтів: кожна буква по 2 байти\n\n    \u002F\u002F Демонстрація: strlen ≠ кількість символів\n    const char* greet = \"Привіт\";\n    cout \u003C\u003C \"strlen(\\\"Привіт\\\") = \" \u003C\u003C strlen(greet) \u003C\u003C \"\\n\"; \u002F\u002F 12\n    cout \u003C\u003C \"Символів насправді: 6\\n\";\n\n    return 0;\n}\n","Utf8Demo.cpp",[3289,5714,5715,5721,5727,5731,5741,5745,5750,5773,5777,5804,5817,5821,5839,5854,5873,5878,5883,5900,5930,5935,5940,5953,5957,5961,5969,5973,5989,6003,6017,6030,6043,6047,6052,6065,6101,6114,6118,6126],{"__ignoreMap":3287},[3292,5716,5717,5719],{"class":3294,"line":3295},[3292,5718,3299],{"class":3298},[3292,5720,3303],{"class":3302},[3292,5722,5723,5725],{"class":3294,"line":3306},[3292,5724,3299],{"class":3298},[3292,5726,3311],{"class":3302},[3292,5728,5729],{"class":3294,"line":3314},[3292,5730,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,5732,5733,5735,5737,5739],{"class":3294,"line":3322},[3292,5734,3332],{"class":3298},[3292,5736,3336],{"class":3335},[3292,5738,3340],{"class":3339},[3292,5740,3344],{"class":3343},[3292,5742,5743],{"class":3294,"line":3329},[3292,5744,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,5746,5747],{"class":3294,"line":3347},[3292,5748,5749],{"class":3374},"\u002F\u002F Виводить кожен байт рядка у шістнадцятковому форматі\n",[3292,5751,5752,5755,5758,5761,5764,5767,5770],{"class":3294,"line":3352},[3292,5753,5754],{"class":3335},"void",[3292,5756,5757],{"class":3358}," printBytes",[3292,5759,5760],{"class":3343},"(",[3292,5762,5763],{"class":3335},"const",[3292,5765,5766],{"class":3335}," char*",[3292,5768,5769],{"class":3518}," str",[3292,5771,5772],{"class":3343},")\n",[3292,5774,5775],{"class":3294,"line":3365},[3292,5776,3368],{"class":3343},[3292,5778,5779,5781,5784,5786,5789,5792,5795,5797,5799,5801],{"class":3294,"line":3371},[3292,5780,3381],{"class":3335},[3292,5782,5783],{"class":3335}," unsigned",[3292,5785,3384],{"class":3335},[3292,5787,5788],{"class":3343},"* bytes = ",[3292,5790,5791],{"class":3335},"reinterpret_cast",[3292,5793,5794],{"class":3343},"\u003C",[3292,5796,5763],{"class":3335},[3292,5798,5783],{"class":3335},[3292,5800,3384],{"class":3335},[3292,5802,5803],{"class":3343},"*>(str);\n",[3292,5805,5806,5809,5812,5814],{"class":3294,"line":3378},[3292,5807,5808],{"class":3335},"    size_t",[3292,5810,5811],{"class":3343}," len = ",[3292,5813,3401],{"class":3358},[3292,5815,5816],{"class":3343},"(str);\n",[3292,5818,5819],{"class":3294,"line":3395},[3292,5820,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,5822,5823,5825,5828,5831,5833,5835,5837],{"class":3294,"line":3422},[3292,5824,3398],{"class":3343},[3292,5826,5827],{"class":3302},"\"Рядок: \"",[3292,5829,5830],{"class":3343}," \u003C\u003C str \u003C\u003C ",[3292,5832,3407],{"class":3302},[3292,5834,3411],{"class":3410},[3292,5836,3407],{"class":3302},[3292,5838,3344],{"class":3343},[3292,5840,5841,5843,5846,5849,5852],{"class":3294,"line":3427},[3292,5842,3398],{"class":3343},[3292,5844,5845],{"class":3302},"\"Байти (\"",[3292,5847,5848],{"class":3343}," \u003C\u003C len \u003C\u003C ",[3292,5850,5851],{"class":3302},"\"): \"",[3292,5853,3344],{"class":3343},[3292,5855,5856,5859,5862,5865,5868,5870],{"class":3294,"line":3433},[3292,5857,5858],{"class":3298},"    for",[3292,5860,5861],{"class":3343}," (",[3292,5863,5864],{"class":3335},"size_t",[3292,5866,5867],{"class":3343}," i = ",[3292,5869,3851],{"class":3584},[3292,5871,5872],{"class":3343},"; i \u003C len; ++i)\n",[3292,5874,5875],{"class":3294,"line":3448},[3292,5876,5877],{"class":3343},"    {\n",[3292,5879,5880],{"class":3294,"line":3469},[3292,5881,5882],{"class":3374},"        \u002F\u002F Вивести кожен байт у форматі 0xXX\n",[3292,5884,5885,5888,5891,5894,5897],{"class":3294,"line":3474},[3292,5886,5887],{"class":3335},"        char",[3292,5889,5890],{"class":3518}," hex",[3292,5892,5893],{"class":3343},"[",[3292,5895,5896],{"class":3584},"5",[3292,5898,5899],{"class":3343},"];\n",[3292,5901,5902,5905,5908,5911,5914,5916,5919,5922,5924,5927],{"class":3294,"line":3480},[3292,5903,5904],{"class":3358},"        snprintf",[3292,5906,5907],{"class":3343},"(hex, ",[3292,5909,5910],{"class":3335},"sizeof",[3292,5912,5913],{"class":3343},"(hex), ",[3292,5915,3407],{"class":3302},[3292,5917,5918],{"class":3518},"%02X",[3292,5920,5921],{"class":3302}," \"",[3292,5923,3684],{"class":3343},[3292,5925,5926],{"class":3518},"bytes",[3292,5928,5929],{"class":3343},"[i]);\n",[3292,5931,5932],{"class":3294,"line":3494},[3292,5933,5934],{"class":3343},"        cout \u003C\u003C hex;\n",[3292,5936,5937],{"class":3294,"line":3513},[3292,5938,5939],{"class":3343},"    }\n",[3292,5941,5942,5944,5946,5949,5951],{"class":3294,"line":3542},[3292,5943,3398],{"class":3343},[3292,5945,3407],{"class":3302},[3292,5947,5948],{"class":3410},"\\n\\n",[3292,5950,3407],{"class":3302},[3292,5952,3344],{"class":3343},[3292,5954,5955],{"class":3294,"line":3567},[3292,5956,3593],{"class":3343},[3292,5958,5959],{"class":3294,"line":3573},[3292,5960,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,5962,5963,5965,5967],{"class":3294,"line":3578},[3292,5964,3355],{"class":3335},[3292,5966,3359],{"class":3358},[3292,5968,3362],{"class":3343},[3292,5970,5971],{"class":3294,"line":3590},[3292,5972,3368],{"class":3343},[3292,5974,5975,5978,5980,5983,5986],{"class":3294,"line":4067},[3292,5976,5977],{"class":3358},"    printBytes",[3292,5979,5760],{"class":3343},[3292,5981,5982],{"class":3302},"\"A\"",[3292,5984,5985],{"class":3343},");",[3292,5987,5988],{"class":3374},"          \u002F\u002F 1 байт: 41\n",[3292,5990,5991,5993,5995,5998,6000],{"class":3294,"line":4073},[3292,5992,5977],{"class":3358},[3292,5994,5760],{"class":3343},[3292,5996,5997],{"class":3302},"\"Я\"",[3292,5999,5985],{"class":3343},[3292,6001,6002],{"class":3374},"          \u002F\u002F 2 байти: D0 AF\n",[3292,6004,6005,6007,6009,6012,6014],{"class":3294,"line":4078},[3292,6006,5977],{"class":3358},[3292,6008,5760],{"class":3343},[3292,6010,6011],{"class":3302},"\"€\"",[3292,6013,5985],{"class":3343},[3292,6015,6016],{"class":3374},"          \u002F\u002F 3 байти: E2 82 AC\n",[3292,6018,6019,6021,6023,6025,6027],{"class":3294,"line":4083},[3292,6020,5977],{"class":3358},[3292,6022,5760],{"class":3343},[3292,6024,3443],{"class":3302},[3292,6026,5985],{"class":3343},[3292,6028,6029],{"class":3374},"         \u002F\u002F 4 байти: F0 9F 8E 89\n",[3292,6031,6032,6034,6036,6038,6040],{"class":3294,"line":4089},[3292,6033,5977],{"class":3358},[3292,6035,5760],{"class":3343},[3292,6037,3390],{"class":3302},[3292,6039,5985],{"class":3343},[3292,6041,6042],{"class":3374},"     \u002F\u002F 12 байтів: кожна буква по 2 байти\n",[3292,6044,6045],{"class":3294,"line":4095},[3292,6046,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,6048,6049],{"class":3294,"line":4100},[3292,6050,6051],{"class":3374},"    \u002F\u002F Демонстрація: strlen ≠ кількість символів\n",[3292,6053,6054,6056,6058,6061,6063],{"class":3294,"line":4105},[3292,6055,3381],{"class":3335},[3292,6057,3384],{"class":3335},[3292,6059,6060],{"class":3343},"* greet = ",[3292,6062,3390],{"class":3302},[3292,6064,3344],{"class":3343},[3292,6066,6067,6069,6072,6075,6077,6079,6082,6085,6087,6090,6092,6094,6096,6098],{"class":3294,"line":4111},[3292,6068,3398],{"class":3343},[3292,6070,6071],{"class":3302},"\"strlen(",[3292,6073,6074],{"class":3410},"\\\"",[3292,6076,3677],{"class":3302},[3292,6078,6074],{"class":3410},[3292,6080,6081],{"class":3302},") = \"",[3292,6083,6084],{"class":3343}," \u003C\u003C ",[3292,6086,3401],{"class":3358},[3292,6088,6089],{"class":3343},"(greet) \u003C\u003C ",[3292,6091,3407],{"class":3302},[3292,6093,3411],{"class":3410},[3292,6095,3407],{"class":3302},[3292,6097,3416],{"class":3343},[3292,6099,6100],{"class":3374}," \u002F\u002F 12\n",[3292,6102,6103,6105,6108,6110,6112],{"class":3294,"line":4117},[3292,6104,3398],{"class":3343},[3292,6106,6107],{"class":3302},"\"Символів насправді: 6",[3292,6109,3411],{"class":3410},[3292,6111,3407],{"class":3302},[3292,6113,3344],{"class":3343},[3292,6115,6116],{"class":3294,"line":4123},[3292,6117,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,6119,6120,6122,6124],{"class":3294,"line":4129},[3292,6121,3581],{"class":3298},[3292,6123,3585],{"class":3584},[3292,6125,3344],{"class":3343},[3292,6127,6128],{"class":3294,"line":4135},[3292,6129,3593],{"class":3343},[6131,6132,6134,6147,6151,6160,6163,6167,6176,6179,6183,6191,6194,6198,6207,6210,6214,6222,6225,6233,6241],"terminal-preview",{"title":6133},".\u002FUtf8Demo",[6135,6136,6138,5241,6143],"div",{"className":6137},[3294],[3292,6139,6142],{"className":6140},[6141],"opacity-40","$",[3598,6144,6133],{"className":6145},[6146],"font-bold",[6135,6148,6150],{"className":6149},[3294],"Рядок: A",[6135,6152,6154,6155],{"className":6153},[3294],"Байти (1): ",[3292,6156,6159],{"className":6157},[6158],"text-blue-400","41 ",[6135,6161],{"className":6162},[3294],[6135,6164,6166],{"className":6165},[3294],"Рядок: Я",[6135,6168,6170,6171],{"className":6169},[3294],"Байти (2): ",[3292,6172,6175],{"className":6173},[6174],"text-yellow-400","D0 AF ",[6135,6177],{"className":6178},[3294],[6135,6180,6182],{"className":6181},[3294],"Рядок: €",[6135,6184,6186,6187],{"className":6185},[3294],"Байти (3): ",[3292,6188,6190],{"className":6189},[6174],"E2 82 AC ",[6135,6192],{"className":6193},[3294],[6135,6195,6197],{"className":6196},[3294],"Рядок: 🎉",[6135,6199,6201,6202],{"className":6200},[3294],"Байти (4): ",[3292,6203,6206],{"className":6204},[6205,6146],"text-green-400","F0 9F 8E 89 ",[6135,6208],{"className":6209},[3294],[6135,6211,6213],{"className":6212},[3294],"Рядок: Привіт",[6135,6215,6217,6218],{"className":6216},[3294],"Байти (12): ",[3292,6219,6221],{"className":6220},[6174],"D0 9F D1 80 D0 B8 D0 B2 D1 96 D1 82 ",[6135,6223],{"className":6224},[3294],[6135,6226,6228,6229],{"className":6227},[3294],"strlen(\"Привіт\") = ",[3292,6230,6232],{"className":6231},[6174],"12",[6135,6234,6236,6237],{"className":6235},[3294],"Символів насправді: ",[3292,6238,6240],{"className":6239},[6205,6146],"6",[6135,6242,6244,6245,3522],{"className":6243},[3294],"Execution finished with ",[3292,6246,6248],{"className":6247},[6205,6146],"exit code 0",[3276,6250,6251,6252,6255,6256,6258,6259,6262,6263,6265],{},"Тепер ви розумієте, чому ",[3289,6253,6254],{},"strlen(\"Привіт\")"," повертає ",[3289,6257,6232],{},": функція підраховує ",[3598,6260,6261],{},"байти",", а не символи. Кожна українська буква займає ",[3598,6264,5118],{}," у кодуванні UTF-8.",[6267,6268,6269,6270,3684,6272,4925,6275,6278,6279,6282,6283,6286,6287,6289],"caution",{},"У C++ ",[3289,6271,3401],{},[3289,6273,6274],{},"s.length()",[3289,6276,6277],{},"s.size()"," для ",[3289,6280,6281],{},"std::string"," завжди повертають ",[3598,6284,6285],{},"кількість байтів"," (точніше, ",[3289,6288,4862],{},"-одиниць), а не кількість Unicode символів. Для UTF-8 тексту з кириличними символами результат буде вдвічі більшим за «людську» кількість символів. Якщо вам потрібна кількість Unicode-символів — треба реалізовувати окрему функцію підрахунку code points.",[3613,6291,6293],{"id":6292},"три-унікальних-властивості-utf-8","Три унікальних властивості UTF-8",[3276,6295,6296,6299,6300,6302,6303,6305],{},[3598,6297,6298],{},"1. Зворотна сумісність з ASCII."," Будь-який ASCII-рядок є валідним UTF-8 рядком без будь-яких змін. Перший біт ",[3289,6301,3851],{}," гарантує, що однобайтові символи ніколи не плутаються з продовжуючими байтами (у яких перші два біти — завжди ",[3289,6304,5050],{},"). Це означає, що весь існуючий C-код, написаний для ASCII, продовжує коректно обробляти ASCII-частину UTF-8 тексту.",[3276,6307,6308,6311,6312,6314,6315,6318],{},[3598,6309,6310],{},"2. Самосинхронізація."," Якщо у потоці байтів виникла помилка і один байт загубився, декодер не «поїде» до кінця файлу. Побачивши будь-який байт, що починається з ",[3289,6313,3851],{}," або ",[3289,6316,6317],{},"11",", декодер може впевнено заявити: «тут починається новий символ». Декодери UTF-16 і UCS-2 такою властивістю не мають.",[3276,6320,6321,6324,6325,6328,6329,6332,6333,6335,6336,6339,6340,6343],{},[3598,6322,6323],{},"3. Відсутність нуль-байтів всередині символів."," Єдиний символ UTF-8, що кодується нулем, — це ",[3289,6326,6327],{},"U+0000"," (NULL), і він кодується єдиним байтом ",[3289,6330,6331],{},"0x00",". Жодна многобайтова послідовність не містить байт ",[3289,6334,6331],{},". Це означає, що C-рядки (",[3289,6337,6338],{},"\\0","-термінований ",[3289,6341,6342],{},"char*",") можна використовувати для зберігання UTF-8 без конфліктів із нуль-термінатором.",[3939,6345,6346],{},[3280,6347,6349],{"className":3943,"code":6348,"language":3945,"meta":3287,"style":3287},"@startuml\nskinparam style plain\nskinparam defaultFontName \"JetBrains Mono\"\nskinparam backgroundColor #f8fafc\nskinparam defaultFontSize 13\n\ntitle Порівняння UTF кодувань для рядка \"AЯ🎉\"\n\nrectangle \"UTF-8 (7 байтів)\" as utf8 #22c55e {\n  rectangle \"'A'\\n0x41\\n(1 байт)\" as u8a #16a34a\n  rectangle \"'Я'\\nD0 AF\\n(2 байти)\" as u8b #16a34a\n  rectangle \"'🎉'\\nF0 9F 8E 89\\n(4 байти)\" as u8c #16a34a\n}\n\nrectangle \"UTF-16 (8 байтів)\" as utf16 #3b82f6 {\n  rectangle \"'A'\\n00 41\\n(2 байти)\" as u16a #2563eb\n  rectangle \"'Я'\\n10 04\\n(2 байти)\" as u16b #2563eb\n  rectangle \"'🎉'\\nD83C DF89\\n(4 байти)\" as u16c #1d4ed8\n}\n\nrectangle \"UTF-32 (12 байтів)\" as utf32 #f59e0b {\n  rectangle \"'A'\\n41 00 00 00\\n(4 байти)\" as u32a #d97706\n  rectangle \"'Я'\\n2F 04 00 00\\n(4 байти)\" as u32b #d97706\n  rectangle \"'🎉'\\n89 F3 01 00\\n(4 байти)\" as u32c #d97706\n}\n\nnote bottom of utf8\n  ASCII-сумісний ✅\n  98%+ веб-сайтів\n  strlen(s) = 7, символів = 3\nend note\n\nnote bottom of utf16\n  BOM потрібен ⚠️\n  Windows API, Java, JS\n  Емодзі → сурогатна пара\nend note\n\nnote bottom of utf32\n  Завжди 4 байти\n  O(1) доступ за індексом\n  u32string::size() = 3 (символів!)\nend note\n\n@enduml\n",[3289,6350,6351,6355,6359,6363,6367,6371,6375,6380,6384,6389,6394,6399,6404,6408,6412,6417,6422,6427,6432,6436,6440,6445,6450,6455,6460,6464,6468,6473,6478,6483,6488,6492,6496,6501,6506,6511,6516,6520,6524,6529,6534,6539,6544,6548,6552],{"__ignoreMap":3287},[3292,6352,6353],{"class":3294,"line":3295},[3292,6354,3952],{},[3292,6356,6357],{"class":3294,"line":3306},[3292,6358,3957],{},[3292,6360,6361],{"class":3294,"line":3314},[3292,6362,3962],{},[3292,6364,6365],{"class":3294,"line":3322},[3292,6366,3967],{},[3292,6368,6369],{"class":3294,"line":3329},[3292,6370,3972],{},[3292,6372,6373],{"class":3294,"line":3347},[3292,6374,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,6376,6377],{"class":3294,"line":3352},[3292,6378,6379],{},"title Порівняння UTF кодувань для рядка \"AЯ🎉\"\n",[3292,6381,6382],{"class":3294,"line":3365},[3292,6383,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,6385,6386],{"class":3294,"line":3371},[3292,6387,6388],{},"rectangle \"UTF-8 (7 байтів)\" as utf8 #22c55e {\n",[3292,6390,6391],{"class":3294,"line":3378},[3292,6392,6393],{},"  rectangle \"'A'\\n0x41\\n(1 байт)\" as u8a #16a34a\n",[3292,6395,6396],{"class":3294,"line":3395},[3292,6397,6398],{},"  rectangle \"'Я'\\nD0 AF\\n(2 байти)\" as u8b #16a34a\n",[3292,6400,6401],{"class":3294,"line":3422},[3292,6402,6403],{},"  rectangle \"'🎉'\\nF0 9F 8E 89\\n(4 байти)\" as u8c #16a34a\n",[3292,6405,6406],{"class":3294,"line":3427},[3292,6407,3593],{},[3292,6409,6410],{"class":3294,"line":3433},[3292,6411,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,6413,6414],{"class":3294,"line":3448},[3292,6415,6416],{},"rectangle \"UTF-16 (8 байтів)\" as utf16 #3b82f6 {\n",[3292,6418,6419],{"class":3294,"line":3469},[3292,6420,6421],{},"  rectangle \"'A'\\n00 41\\n(2 байти)\" as u16a #2563eb\n",[3292,6423,6424],{"class":3294,"line":3474},[3292,6425,6426],{},"  rectangle \"'Я'\\n10 04\\n(2 байти)\" as u16b #2563eb\n",[3292,6428,6429],{"class":3294,"line":3480},[3292,6430,6431],{},"  rectangle \"'🎉'\\nD83C DF89\\n(4 байти)\" as u16c #1d4ed8\n",[3292,6433,6434],{"class":3294,"line":3494},[3292,6435,3593],{},[3292,6437,6438],{"class":3294,"line":3513},[3292,6439,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,6441,6442],{"class":3294,"line":3542},[3292,6443,6444],{},"rectangle \"UTF-32 (12 байтів)\" as utf32 #f59e0b {\n",[3292,6446,6447],{"class":3294,"line":3567},[3292,6448,6449],{},"  rectangle \"'A'\\n41 00 00 00\\n(4 байти)\" as u32a #d97706\n",[3292,6451,6452],{"class":3294,"line":3573},[3292,6453,6454],{},"  rectangle \"'Я'\\n2F 04 00 00\\n(4 байти)\" as u32b #d97706\n",[3292,6456,6457],{"class":3294,"line":3578},[3292,6458,6459],{},"  rectangle \"'🎉'\\n89 F3 01 00\\n(4 байти)\" as u32c #d97706\n",[3292,6461,6462],{"class":3294,"line":3590},[3292,6463,3593],{},[3292,6465,6466],{"class":3294,"line":4067},[3292,6467,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,6469,6470],{"class":3294,"line":4073},[3292,6471,6472],{},"note bottom of utf8\n",[3292,6474,6475],{"class":3294,"line":4078},[3292,6476,6477],{},"  ASCII-сумісний ✅\n",[3292,6479,6480],{"class":3294,"line":4083},[3292,6481,6482],{},"  98%+ веб-сайтів\n",[3292,6484,6485],{"class":3294,"line":4089},[3292,6486,6487],{},"  strlen(s) = 7, символів = 3\n",[3292,6489,6490],{"class":3294,"line":4095},[3292,6491,4132],{},[3292,6493,6494],{"class":3294,"line":4100},[3292,6495,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,6497,6498],{"class":3294,"line":4105},[3292,6499,6500],{},"note bottom of utf16\n",[3292,6502,6503],{"class":3294,"line":4111},[3292,6504,6505],{},"  BOM потрібен ⚠️\n",[3292,6507,6508],{"class":3294,"line":4117},[3292,6509,6510],{},"  Windows API, Java, JS\n",[3292,6512,6513],{"class":3294,"line":4123},[3292,6514,6515],{},"  Емодзі → сурогатна пара\n",[3292,6517,6518],{"class":3294,"line":4129},[3292,6519,4132],{},[3292,6521,6522],{"class":3294,"line":4135},[3292,6523,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,6525,6526],{"class":3294,"line":4140},[3292,6527,6528],{},"note bottom of utf32\n",[3292,6530,6531],{"class":3294,"line":4146},[3292,6532,6533],{},"  Завжди 4 байти\n",[3292,6535,6536],{"class":3294,"line":4152},[3292,6537,6538],{},"  O(1) доступ за індексом\n",[3292,6540,6541],{"class":3294,"line":4158},[3292,6542,6543],{},"  u32string::size() = 3 (символів!)\n",[3292,6545,6546],{"class":3294,"line":4164},[3292,6547,4132],{},[3292,6549,6550],{"class":3294,"line":4169},[3292,6551,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,6553,6554],{"class":3294,"line":4174},[3292,6555,4177],{},[3606,6557],{},[3271,6559,6561],{"id":6560},"символьні-типи-c-для-unicode","Символьні типи C++ для Unicode",[3613,6563,6565,6566,6568],{"id":6564},"чому-char-недостатньо","Чому ",[3289,6567,4862],{}," недостатньо",[3276,6570,6571,6572,6574],{},"Маючи розуміння того, як влаштовані UTF-8, UTF-16 та UTF-32, ми можемо точно сформулювати проблему типу ",[3289,6573,4862],{}," у C++:",[3628,6576,6577,6586,6592,6598],{},[3631,6578,6579,6581,6582,6585],{},[3289,6580,4862],{}," — це лише ",[3598,6583,6584],{},"один байт"," (8 біт)",[3631,6587,6588,6589],{},"UTF-8 символ може займати ",[3598,6590,6591],{},"від 1 до 4 байтів",[3631,6593,6594,6595],{},"UTF-16 символ може займати ",[3598,6596,6597],{},"2 або 4 байти",[3631,6599,6600,6601],{},"Навіть UTF-32 символ займає ",[3598,6602,5164],{},[3276,6604,6605,6606,6608,6609,6612],{},"Отже, ",[3289,6607,4862],{}," може зберігати лише ",[3598,6610,6611],{},"одну UTF-8 code unit"," — базову одиницю кодування, але аж ніяк не повноцінний Unicode-символ для більшості нелатинських письменностей.",[3276,6614,6615],{},"Стандарт C++ поступово вводив нові типи для роботи з різними кодуваннями. Розглянемо їх усі:",[3613,6617,6619,6621],{"id":6618},"wchar_t-широкий-символ-c98",[3289,6620,4831],{}," — широкий символ (C++98)",[3280,6623,6626],{"className":3282,"code":6624,"filename":6625,"language":3285,"meta":3286,"style":3287},"#include \u003Ciostream>\n#include \u003Ccwchar>\n\nusing namespace std;\n\nint main()\n{\n    \u002F\u002F wchar_t — широкий символ: 2 байти на Windows, 4 байти на Linux\u002FmacOS\n    wchar_t ch = L'Я'; \u002F\u002F Префікс L — широкий символьний літерал\n    wcout \u003C\u003C ch \u003C\u003C L\"\\n\";\n\n    const wchar_t* greeting = L\"Привіт\";\n    wcout \u003C\u003C greeting \u003C\u003C L\"\\n\";\n\n    \u002F\u002F sizeof залежить від платформи!\n    cout \u003C\u003C \"sizeof(wchar_t) = \" \u003C\u003C sizeof(wchar_t) \u003C\u003C \"\\n\";\n    \u002F\u002F Windows: 2 (UTF-16), Linux\u002FmacOS: 4 (UTF-32)\n\n    \u002F\u002F Довжина рядка — КІЛЬКІСТЬ wchar_t, а не байтів\n    cout \u003C\u003C \"wcslen = \" \u003C\u003C wcslen(greeting) \u003C\u003C \"\\n\"; \u002F\u002F 6\n\n    return 0;\n}\n","WideCharString.cpp",[3289,6627,6628,6634,6641,6645,6655,6659,6667,6671,6676,6692,6706,6710,6724,6737,6741,6746,6772,6777,6781,6786,6810,6814,6822],{"__ignoreMap":3287},[3292,6629,6630,6632],{"class":3294,"line":3295},[3292,6631,3299],{"class":3298},[3292,6633,3303],{"class":3302},[3292,6635,6636,6638],{"class":3294,"line":3306},[3292,6637,3299],{"class":3298},[3292,6639,6640],{"class":3302}," \u003Ccwchar>\n",[3292,6642,6643],{"class":3294,"line":3314},[3292,6644,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,6646,6647,6649,6651,6653],{"class":3294,"line":3322},[3292,6648,3332],{"class":3298},[3292,6650,3336],{"class":3335},[3292,6652,3340],{"class":3339},[3292,6654,3344],{"class":3343},[3292,6656,6657],{"class":3294,"line":3329},[3292,6658,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,6660,6661,6663,6665],{"class":3294,"line":3347},[3292,6662,3355],{"class":3335},[3292,6664,3359],{"class":3358},[3292,6666,3362],{"class":3343},[3292,6668,6669],{"class":3294,"line":3352},[3292,6670,3368],{"class":3343},[3292,6672,6673],{"class":3294,"line":3365},[3292,6674,6675],{"class":3374},"    \u002F\u002F wchar_t — широкий символ: 2 байти на Windows, 4 байти на Linux\u002FmacOS\n",[3292,6677,6678,6681,6684,6687,6689],{"class":3294,"line":3371},[3292,6679,6680],{"class":3335},"    wchar_t",[3292,6682,6683],{"class":3343}," ch = ",[3292,6685,6686],{"class":3302},"L'Я'",[3292,6688,3416],{"class":3343},[3292,6690,6691],{"class":3374}," \u002F\u002F Префікс L — широкий символьний літерал\n",[3292,6693,6694,6697,6700,6702,6704],{"class":3294,"line":3378},[3292,6695,6696],{"class":3343},"    wcout \u003C\u003C ch \u003C\u003C ",[3292,6698,6699],{"class":3302},"L\"",[3292,6701,3411],{"class":3410},[3292,6703,3407],{"class":3302},[3292,6705,3344],{"class":3343},[3292,6707,6708],{"class":3294,"line":3395},[3292,6709,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,6711,6712,6714,6717,6719,6722],{"class":3294,"line":3422},[3292,6713,3381],{"class":3335},[3292,6715,6716],{"class":3335}," wchar_t",[3292,6718,3387],{"class":3343},[3292,6720,6721],{"class":3302},"L\"Привіт\"",[3292,6723,3344],{"class":3343},[3292,6725,6726,6729,6731,6733,6735],{"class":3294,"line":3427},[3292,6727,6728],{"class":3343},"    wcout \u003C\u003C greeting \u003C\u003C ",[3292,6730,6699],{"class":3302},[3292,6732,3411],{"class":3410},[3292,6734,3407],{"class":3302},[3292,6736,3344],{"class":3343},[3292,6738,6739],{"class":3294,"line":3433},[3292,6740,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,6742,6743],{"class":3294,"line":3448},[3292,6744,6745],{"class":3374},"    \u002F\u002F sizeof залежить від платформи!\n",[3292,6747,6748,6750,6753,6755,6757,6759,6761,6764,6766,6768,6770],{"class":3294,"line":3469},[3292,6749,3398],{"class":3343},[3292,6751,6752],{"class":3302},"\"sizeof(wchar_t) = \"",[3292,6754,6084],{"class":3343},[3292,6756,5910],{"class":3335},[3292,6758,5760],{"class":3343},[3292,6760,4831],{"class":3335},[3292,6762,6763],{"class":3343},") \u003C\u003C ",[3292,6765,3407],{"class":3302},[3292,6767,3411],{"class":3410},[3292,6769,3407],{"class":3302},[3292,6771,3344],{"class":3343},[3292,6773,6774],{"class":3294,"line":3474},[3292,6775,6776],{"class":3374},"    \u002F\u002F Windows: 2 (UTF-16), Linux\u002FmacOS: 4 (UTF-32)\n",[3292,6778,6779],{"class":3294,"line":3480},[3292,6780,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,6782,6783],{"class":3294,"line":3494},[3292,6784,6785],{"class":3374},"    \u002F\u002F Довжина рядка — КІЛЬКІСТЬ wchar_t, а не байтів\n",[3292,6787,6788,6790,6793,6795,6798,6800,6802,6804,6806,6808],{"class":3294,"line":3513},[3292,6789,3398],{"class":3343},[3292,6791,6792],{"class":3302},"\"wcslen = \"",[3292,6794,6084],{"class":3343},[3292,6796,6797],{"class":3358},"wcslen",[3292,6799,3404],{"class":3343},[3292,6801,3407],{"class":3302},[3292,6803,3411],{"class":3410},[3292,6805,3407],{"class":3302},[3292,6807,3416],{"class":3343},[3292,6809,3564],{"class":3374},[3292,6811,6812],{"class":3294,"line":3542},[3292,6813,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,6815,6816,6818,6820],{"class":3294,"line":3567},[3292,6817,3581],{"class":3298},[3292,6819,3585],{"class":3584},[3292,6821,3344],{"class":3343},[3292,6823,6824],{"class":3294,"line":3573},[3292,6825,3593],{"class":3343},[3276,6827,6828,6833,6834,6837,6838,6841,6842,6845,6846,6848],{},[3598,6829,6830,6831,5020],{},"Проблема ",[3289,6832,4831],{}," його розмір ",[3598,6835,6836],{},"залежить від платформи",". На Windows ",[3289,6839,6840],{},"sizeof(wchar_t) == 2"," (зберігає UTF-16 code unit), на Linux і macOS ",[3289,6843,6844],{},"sizeof(wchar_t) == 4"," (зберігає повний code point у UTF-32). Це унеможливлює написання портабельного Unicode-коду з ",[3289,6847,4831],{},". Саме тому C++11 ввів три нові фіксованого розміру типи.",[3613,6850,6852,4925,6855,6858],{"id":6851},"char16_t-та-char32_t-фіксовані-unicode-типи-c11",[3289,6853,6854],{},"char16_t",[3289,6856,6857],{},"char32_t"," — фіксовані Unicode-типи (C++11)",[3280,6860,6863],{"className":3282,"code":6861,"filename":6862,"language":3285,"meta":3286,"style":3287},"#include \u003Ciostream>\n#include \u003Cstring>\n\nusing namespace std;\n\nint main()\n{\n    \u002F\u002F char16_t: 16 біт — для UTF-16 code units\n    char16_t c16 = u'Я'; \u002F\u002F Префікс u — UTF-16 символьний літерал\n    u16string s16 = u\"Привіт\"; \u002F\u002F u16string = basic_string\u003Cchar16_t>\n\n    \u002F\u002F char32_t: 32 біти — для повного Unicode code point\n    char32_t c32 = U'🎉'; \u002F\u002F Префікс U — UTF-32 символьний літерал\n    u32string s32 = U\"Привіт\"; \u002F\u002F u32string = basic_string\u003Cchar32_t>\n\n    cout \u003C\u003C \"sizeof(char16_t) = \" \u003C\u003C sizeof(char16_t) \u003C\u003C \"\\n\"; \u002F\u002F 2\n    cout \u003C\u003C \"sizeof(char32_t) = \" \u003C\u003C sizeof(char32_t) \u003C\u003C \"\\n\"; \u002F\u002F 4\n\n    \u002F\u002F Довжина в char16_t-одиницях (може відрізнятись від кількості символів!)\n    cout \u003C\u003C \"u16string: \" \u003C\u003C s16.size() \u003C\u003C \" code units\\n\"; \u002F\u002F 6\n    \u002F\u002F Довжина в char32_t-одиницях = кількість code points\n    cout \u003C\u003C \"u32string: \" \u003C\u003C s32.size() \u003C\u003C \" code points\\n\"; \u002F\u002F 6\n\n    \u002F\u002F Але для емодзі ситуація інша:\n    u16string emoji16 = u\"🎉\";\n    u32string emoji32 = U\"🎉\";\n    cout \u003C\u003C \"Emoji UTF-16 code units: \" \u003C\u003C emoji16.size() \u003C\u003C \"\\n\"; \u002F\u002F 2 (сурогатна пара!)\n    cout \u003C\u003C \"Emoji UTF-32 code points: \" \u003C\u003C emoji32.size() \u003C\u003C \"\\n\"; \u002F\u002F 1\n\n    return 0;\n}\n","Char16Char32Types.cpp",[3289,6864,6865,6871,6877,6881,6891,6895,6903,6907,6912,6928,6941,6945,6950,6966,6979,6983,7011,7039,7043,7048,7078,7083,7112,7116,7121,7131,7141,7170,7199,7203,7211],{"__ignoreMap":3287},[3292,6866,6867,6869],{"class":3294,"line":3295},[3292,6868,3299],{"class":3298},[3292,6870,3303],{"class":3302},[3292,6872,6873,6875],{"class":3294,"line":3306},[3292,6874,3299],{"class":3298},[3292,6876,3319],{"class":3302},[3292,6878,6879],{"class":3294,"line":3314},[3292,6880,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,6882,6883,6885,6887,6889],{"class":3294,"line":3322},[3292,6884,3332],{"class":3298},[3292,6886,3336],{"class":3335},[3292,6888,3340],{"class":3339},[3292,6890,3344],{"class":3343},[3292,6892,6893],{"class":3294,"line":3329},[3292,6894,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,6896,6897,6899,6901],{"class":3294,"line":3347},[3292,6898,3355],{"class":3335},[3292,6900,3359],{"class":3358},[3292,6902,3362],{"class":3343},[3292,6904,6905],{"class":3294,"line":3352},[3292,6906,3368],{"class":3343},[3292,6908,6909],{"class":3294,"line":3365},[3292,6910,6911],{"class":3374},"    \u002F\u002F char16_t: 16 біт — для UTF-16 code units\n",[3292,6913,6914,6917,6920,6923,6925],{"class":3294,"line":3371},[3292,6915,6916],{"class":3339},"    char16_t",[3292,6918,6919],{"class":3343}," c16 = ",[3292,6921,6922],{"class":3302},"u'Я'",[3292,6924,3416],{"class":3343},[3292,6926,6927],{"class":3374}," \u002F\u002F Префікс u — UTF-16 символьний літерал\n",[3292,6929,6930,6933,6936,6938],{"class":3294,"line":3378},[3292,6931,6932],{"class":3343},"    u16string s16 = ",[3292,6934,6935],{"class":3302},"u\"Привіт\"",[3292,6937,3416],{"class":3343},[3292,6939,6940],{"class":3374}," \u002F\u002F u16string = basic_string\u003Cchar16_t>\n",[3292,6942,6943],{"class":3294,"line":3395},[3292,6944,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,6946,6947],{"class":3294,"line":3422},[3292,6948,6949],{"class":3374},"    \u002F\u002F char32_t: 32 біти — для повного Unicode code point\n",[3292,6951,6952,6955,6958,6961,6963],{"class":3294,"line":3427},[3292,6953,6954],{"class":3339},"    char32_t",[3292,6956,6957],{"class":3343}," c32 = ",[3292,6959,6960],{"class":3302},"U'🎉'",[3292,6962,3416],{"class":3343},[3292,6964,6965],{"class":3374}," \u002F\u002F Префікс U — UTF-32 символьний літерал\n",[3292,6967,6968,6971,6974,6976],{"class":3294,"line":3433},[3292,6969,6970],{"class":3343},"    u32string s32 = ",[3292,6972,6973],{"class":3302},"U\"Привіт\"",[3292,6975,3416],{"class":3343},[3292,6977,6978],{"class":3374}," \u002F\u002F u32string = basic_string\u003Cchar32_t>\n",[3292,6980,6981],{"class":3294,"line":3448},[3292,6982,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,6984,6985,6987,6990,6992,6994,6996,6998,7000,7002,7004,7006,7008],{"class":3294,"line":3469},[3292,6986,3398],{"class":3343},[3292,6988,6989],{"class":3302},"\"sizeof(char16_t) = \"",[3292,6991,6084],{"class":3343},[3292,6993,5910],{"class":3335},[3292,6995,5760],{"class":3343},[3292,6997,6854],{"class":3339},[3292,6999,6763],{"class":3343},[3292,7001,3407],{"class":3302},[3292,7003,3411],{"class":3410},[3292,7005,3407],{"class":3302},[3292,7007,3416],{"class":3343},[3292,7009,7010],{"class":3374}," \u002F\u002F 2\n",[3292,7012,7013,7015,7018,7020,7022,7024,7026,7028,7030,7032,7034,7036],{"class":3294,"line":3474},[3292,7014,3398],{"class":3343},[3292,7016,7017],{"class":3302},"\"sizeof(char32_t) = \"",[3292,7019,6084],{"class":3343},[3292,7021,5910],{"class":3335},[3292,7023,5760],{"class":3343},[3292,7025,6857],{"class":3339},[3292,7027,6763],{"class":3343},[3292,7029,3407],{"class":3302},[3292,7031,3411],{"class":3410},[3292,7033,3407],{"class":3302},[3292,7035,3416],{"class":3343},[3292,7037,7038],{"class":3374}," \u002F\u002F 4\n",[3292,7040,7041],{"class":3294,"line":3480},[3292,7042,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,7044,7045],{"class":3294,"line":3494},[3292,7046,7047],{"class":3374},"    \u002F\u002F Довжина в char16_t-одиницях (може відрізнятись від кількості символів!)\n",[3292,7049,7050,7052,7055,7057,7060,7062,7065,7067,7070,7072,7074,7076],{"class":3294,"line":3513},[3292,7051,3398],{"class":3343},[3292,7053,7054],{"class":3302},"\"u16string: \"",[3292,7056,6084],{"class":3343},[3292,7058,7059],{"class":3518},"s16",[3292,7061,3522],{"class":3343},[3292,7063,7064],{"class":3358},"size",[3292,7066,3528],{"class":3343},[3292,7068,7069],{"class":3302},"\" code units",[3292,7071,3411],{"class":3410},[3292,7073,3407],{"class":3302},[3292,7075,3416],{"class":3343},[3292,7077,3564],{"class":3374},[3292,7079,7080],{"class":3294,"line":3542},[3292,7081,7082],{"class":3374},"    \u002F\u002F Довжина в char32_t-одиницях = кількість code points\n",[3292,7084,7085,7087,7090,7092,7095,7097,7099,7101,7104,7106,7108,7110],{"class":3294,"line":3567},[3292,7086,3398],{"class":3343},[3292,7088,7089],{"class":3302},"\"u32string: \"",[3292,7091,6084],{"class":3343},[3292,7093,7094],{"class":3518},"s32",[3292,7096,3522],{"class":3343},[3292,7098,7064],{"class":3358},[3292,7100,3528],{"class":3343},[3292,7102,7103],{"class":3302},"\" code points",[3292,7105,3411],{"class":3410},[3292,7107,3407],{"class":3302},[3292,7109,3416],{"class":3343},[3292,7111,3564],{"class":3374},[3292,7113,7114],{"class":3294,"line":3573},[3292,7115,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,7117,7118],{"class":3294,"line":3578},[3292,7119,7120],{"class":3374},"    \u002F\u002F Але для емодзі ситуація інша:\n",[3292,7122,7123,7126,7129],{"class":3294,"line":3590},[3292,7124,7125],{"class":3343},"    u16string emoji16 = ",[3292,7127,7128],{"class":3302},"u\"🎉\"",[3292,7130,3344],{"class":3343},[3292,7132,7133,7136,7139],{"class":3294,"line":4067},[3292,7134,7135],{"class":3343},"    u32string emoji32 = ",[3292,7137,7138],{"class":3302},"U\"🎉\"",[3292,7140,3344],{"class":3343},[3292,7142,7143,7145,7148,7150,7153,7155,7157,7159,7161,7163,7165,7167],{"class":3294,"line":4073},[3292,7144,3398],{"class":3343},[3292,7146,7147],{"class":3302},"\"Emoji UTF-16 code units: \"",[3292,7149,6084],{"class":3343},[3292,7151,7152],{"class":3518},"emoji16",[3292,7154,3522],{"class":3343},[3292,7156,7064],{"class":3358},[3292,7158,3528],{"class":3343},[3292,7160,3407],{"class":3302},[3292,7162,3411],{"class":3410},[3292,7164,3407],{"class":3302},[3292,7166,3416],{"class":3343},[3292,7168,7169],{"class":3374}," \u002F\u002F 2 (сурогатна пара!)\n",[3292,7171,7172,7174,7177,7179,7182,7184,7186,7188,7190,7192,7194,7196],{"class":3294,"line":4078},[3292,7173,3398],{"class":3343},[3292,7175,7176],{"class":3302},"\"Emoji UTF-32 code points: \"",[3292,7178,6084],{"class":3343},[3292,7180,7181],{"class":3518},"emoji32",[3292,7183,3522],{"class":3343},[3292,7185,7064],{"class":3358},[3292,7187,3528],{"class":3343},[3292,7189,3407],{"class":3302},[3292,7191,3411],{"class":3410},[3292,7193,3407],{"class":3302},[3292,7195,3416],{"class":3343},[3292,7197,7198],{"class":3374}," \u002F\u002F 1\n",[3292,7200,7201],{"class":3294,"line":4083},[3292,7202,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,7204,7205,7207,7209],{"class":3294,"line":4089},[3292,7206,3581],{"class":3298},[3292,7208,3585],{"class":3584},[3292,7210,3344],{"class":3343},[3292,7212,7213],{"class":3294,"line":4095},[3292,7214,3593],{"class":3343},[7216,7217,7218,7221,7222,7224,7225,7227,7228,7231,7232,3522],"tip",{},[3289,7219,7220],{},"std::u32string"," і ",[3289,7223,6857],{}," є єдиним типом у стандартній бібліотеці C++, де ",[3289,7226,6277],{}," гарантовано повертає ",[3598,7229,7230],{},"кількість Unicode code points",", а не байтів чи code units. Якщо вам потрібна правильна «довжина» у сенсі кількості символів — конвертуйте у ",[3289,7233,7234],{},"u32string",[3613,7236,7238,7241],{"id":7237},"char8_t-явний-utf-8-тип-c20",[3289,7239,7240],{},"char8_t"," — явний UTF-8 тип (C++20)",[3280,7243,7246],{"className":3282,"code":7244,"filename":7245,"language":3285,"meta":3286,"style":3287},"#include \u003Ciostream>\n#include \u003Cstring>\n\nusing namespace std;\n\nint main()\n{\n    \u002F\u002F char8_t: 8 біт, але явно позначає UTF-8 code unit\n    char8_t c8 = u8'A'; \u002F\u002F Префікс u8 — UTF-8 символьний літерал (лише ASCII)\n    u8string s8 = u8\"Привіт\"; \u002F\u002F u8string = basic_string\u003Cchar8_t>\n\n    cout \u003C\u003C \"sizeof(char8_t) = \" \u003C\u003C sizeof(char8_t) \u003C\u003C \"\\n\"; \u002F\u002F 1\n\n    \u002F\u002F size() = кількість байтів, як і для string\n    cout \u003C\u003C \"u8string: \" \u003C\u003C s8.size() \u003C\u003C \" bytes\\n\"; \u002F\u002F 12\n\n    \u002F\u002F Основна перевага: система типів тепер відрізняє UTF-8 від \"просто char\"\n    \u002F\u002F Ця функція приймає ЛИШЕ UTF-8 рядки, а не довільні char*:\n    \u002F\u002F void processText(u8string_view text);\n\n    return 0;\n}\n","Char8Type.cpp",[3289,7247,7248,7254,7260,7264,7274,7278,7286,7290,7295,7311,7324,7328,7355,7359,7364,7393,7397,7402,7407,7412,7416,7424],{"__ignoreMap":3287},[3292,7249,7250,7252],{"class":3294,"line":3295},[3292,7251,3299],{"class":3298},[3292,7253,3303],{"class":3302},[3292,7255,7256,7258],{"class":3294,"line":3306},[3292,7257,3299],{"class":3298},[3292,7259,3319],{"class":3302},[3292,7261,7262],{"class":3294,"line":3314},[3292,7263,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,7265,7266,7268,7270,7272],{"class":3294,"line":3322},[3292,7267,3332],{"class":3298},[3292,7269,3336],{"class":3335},[3292,7271,3340],{"class":3339},[3292,7273,3344],{"class":3343},[3292,7275,7276],{"class":3294,"line":3329},[3292,7277,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,7279,7280,7282,7284],{"class":3294,"line":3347},[3292,7281,3355],{"class":3335},[3292,7283,3359],{"class":3358},[3292,7285,3362],{"class":3343},[3292,7287,7288],{"class":3294,"line":3352},[3292,7289,3368],{"class":3343},[3292,7291,7292],{"class":3294,"line":3365},[3292,7293,7294],{"class":3374},"    \u002F\u002F char8_t: 8 біт, але явно позначає UTF-8 code unit\n",[3292,7296,7297,7300,7303,7306,7308],{"class":3294,"line":3371},[3292,7298,7299],{"class":3339},"    char8_t",[3292,7301,7302],{"class":3343}," c8 = ",[3292,7304,7305],{"class":3302},"u8'A'",[3292,7307,3416],{"class":3343},[3292,7309,7310],{"class":3374}," \u002F\u002F Префікс u8 — UTF-8 символьний літерал (лише ASCII)\n",[3292,7312,7313,7316,7319,7321],{"class":3294,"line":3378},[3292,7314,7315],{"class":3343},"    u8string s8 = ",[3292,7317,7318],{"class":3302},"u8\"Привіт\"",[3292,7320,3416],{"class":3343},[3292,7322,7323],{"class":3374}," \u002F\u002F u8string = basic_string\u003Cchar8_t>\n",[3292,7325,7326],{"class":3294,"line":3395},[3292,7327,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,7329,7330,7332,7335,7337,7339,7341,7343,7345,7347,7349,7351,7353],{"class":3294,"line":3422},[3292,7331,3398],{"class":3343},[3292,7333,7334],{"class":3302},"\"sizeof(char8_t) = \"",[3292,7336,6084],{"class":3343},[3292,7338,5910],{"class":3335},[3292,7340,5760],{"class":3343},[3292,7342,7240],{"class":3339},[3292,7344,6763],{"class":3343},[3292,7346,3407],{"class":3302},[3292,7348,3411],{"class":3410},[3292,7350,3407],{"class":3302},[3292,7352,3416],{"class":3343},[3292,7354,7198],{"class":3374},[3292,7356,7357],{"class":3294,"line":3427},[3292,7358,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,7360,7361],{"class":3294,"line":3433},[3292,7362,7363],{"class":3374},"    \u002F\u002F size() = кількість байтів, як і для string\n",[3292,7365,7366,7368,7371,7373,7376,7378,7380,7382,7385,7387,7389,7391],{"class":3294,"line":3448},[3292,7367,3398],{"class":3343},[3292,7369,7370],{"class":3302},"\"u8string: \"",[3292,7372,6084],{"class":3343},[3292,7374,7375],{"class":3518},"s8",[3292,7377,3522],{"class":3343},[3292,7379,7064],{"class":3358},[3292,7381,3528],{"class":3343},[3292,7383,7384],{"class":3302},"\" bytes",[3292,7386,3411],{"class":3410},[3292,7388,3407],{"class":3302},[3292,7390,3416],{"class":3343},[3292,7392,6100],{"class":3374},[3292,7394,7395],{"class":3294,"line":3469},[3292,7396,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,7398,7399],{"class":3294,"line":3474},[3292,7400,7401],{"class":3374},"    \u002F\u002F Основна перевага: система типів тепер відрізняє UTF-8 від \"просто char\"\n",[3292,7403,7404],{"class":3294,"line":3480},[3292,7405,7406],{"class":3374},"    \u002F\u002F Ця функція приймає ЛИШЕ UTF-8 рядки, а не довільні char*:\n",[3292,7408,7409],{"class":3294,"line":3494},[3292,7410,7411],{"class":3374},"    \u002F\u002F void processText(u8string_view text);\n",[3292,7413,7414],{"class":3294,"line":3513},[3292,7415,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,7417,7418,7420,7422],{"class":3294,"line":3542},[3292,7419,3581],{"class":3298},[3292,7421,3585],{"class":3584},[3292,7423,3344],{"class":3343},[3292,7425,7426],{"class":3294,"line":3567},[3292,7427,3593],{"class":3343},[3276,7429,7430,7432,7433,7435,7436,7438,7439,6314,7442,7445],{},[3289,7431,7240],{}," з'явився у C++20 як відповідь на давню проблему: компілятор не міг відрізнити ",[3289,7434,6342],{}," із звичайним ASCII від ",[3289,7437,6342],{}," із UTF-8. Тепер функції можуть оголошувати у сигнатурі, що очікують саме ",[3289,7440,7441],{},"u8string",[3289,7443,7444],{},"u8string_view"," — і система типів не дозволить передати туди довільний текст.",[3613,7447,7449],{"id":7448},"префікси-рядкових-літералів","Префікси рядкових літералів",[3280,7451,7454],{"className":3282,"code":7452,"filename":7453,"language":3285,"meta":3286,"style":3287},"#include \u003Ciostream>\n#include \u003Cstring>\n\nusing namespace std;\n\nint main()\n{\n    \u002F\u002F Звичайний літерал — кодування залежить від компілятора\u002FОС\n    const char*     s1 = \"Привіт\";         \u002F\u002F зазвичай UTF-8 на сучасних системах\n\n    \u002F\u002F Явно UTF-8 (C++11, але char8_t — лише C++20)\n    const char*     s2 = u8\"Привіт\";       \u002F\u002F UTF-8, тип const char* до C++20\n    \u002F\u002F const char8_t* s2 = u8\"Привіт\";     \u002F\u002F UTF-8, тип const char8_t* з C++20\n\n    \u002F\u002F Широкий символ — залежить від платформи\n    const wchar_t*  s3 = L\"Привіт\";        \u002F\u002F UTF-16 на Windows, UTF-32 на Linux\n\n    \u002F\u002F Фіксований UTF-16 (C++11)\n    const char16_t* s4 = u\"Привіт\";        \u002F\u002F UTF-16\n\n    \u002F\u002F Фіксований UTF-32 (C++11)\n    const char32_t* s5 = U\"Привіт\";        \u002F\u002F UTF-32\n\n    cout \u003C\u003C sizeof(\"A\")   \u003C\u003C \"\\n\";     \u002F\u002F 2 (char + нуль-термінатор)\n    cout \u003C\u003C sizeof(u\"A\")  \u003C\u003C \"\\n\";     \u002F\u002F 4 (char16_t + нуль-термінатор)\n    cout \u003C\u003C sizeof(U\"A\")  \u003C\u003C \"\\n\";     \u002F\u002F 8 (char32_t + нуль-термінатор)\n    cout \u003C\u003C sizeof(L\"A\")  \u003C\u003C \"\\n\";     \u002F\u002F 8 на Linux (wchar_t=4 + нуль)\n\n    return 0;\n}\n","StringLiterals.cpp",[3289,7455,7456,7462,7468,7472,7482,7486,7494,7498,7503,7519,7523,7528,7544,7552,7556,7561,7577,7581,7586,7603,7607,7612,7629,7633,7657,7682,7706,7730,7734,7742],{"__ignoreMap":3287},[3292,7457,7458,7460],{"class":3294,"line":3295},[3292,7459,3299],{"class":3298},[3292,7461,3303],{"class":3302},[3292,7463,7464,7466],{"class":3294,"line":3306},[3292,7465,3299],{"class":3298},[3292,7467,3319],{"class":3302},[3292,7469,7470],{"class":3294,"line":3314},[3292,7471,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,7473,7474,7476,7478,7480],{"class":3294,"line":3322},[3292,7475,3332],{"class":3298},[3292,7477,3336],{"class":3335},[3292,7479,3340],{"class":3339},[3292,7481,3344],{"class":3343},[3292,7483,7484],{"class":3294,"line":3329},[3292,7485,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,7487,7488,7490,7492],{"class":3294,"line":3347},[3292,7489,3355],{"class":3335},[3292,7491,3359],{"class":3358},[3292,7493,3362],{"class":3343},[3292,7495,7496],{"class":3294,"line":3352},[3292,7497,3368],{"class":3343},[3292,7499,7500],{"class":3294,"line":3365},[3292,7501,7502],{"class":3374},"    \u002F\u002F Звичайний літерал — кодування залежить від компілятора\u002FОС\n",[3292,7504,7505,7507,7509,7512,7514,7516],{"class":3294,"line":3371},[3292,7506,3381],{"class":3335},[3292,7508,3384],{"class":3335},[3292,7510,7511],{"class":3343},"*     s1 = ",[3292,7513,3390],{"class":3302},[3292,7515,3416],{"class":3343},[3292,7517,7518],{"class":3374},"         \u002F\u002F зазвичай UTF-8 на сучасних системах\n",[3292,7520,7521],{"class":3294,"line":3378},[3292,7522,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,7524,7525],{"class":3294,"line":3395},[3292,7526,7527],{"class":3374},"    \u002F\u002F Явно UTF-8 (C++11, але char8_t — лише C++20)\n",[3292,7529,7530,7532,7534,7537,7539,7541],{"class":3294,"line":3422},[3292,7531,3381],{"class":3335},[3292,7533,3384],{"class":3335},[3292,7535,7536],{"class":3343},"*     s2 = ",[3292,7538,7318],{"class":3302},[3292,7540,3416],{"class":3343},[3292,7542,7543],{"class":3374},"       \u002F\u002F UTF-8, тип const char* до C++20\n",[3292,7545,7546,7549],{"class":3294,"line":3427},[3292,7547,7548],{"class":3374},"    \u002F\u002F const char8_t* s2 = u8\"Привіт\";",[3292,7550,7551],{"class":3374},"     \u002F\u002F UTF-8, тип const char8_t* з C++20\n",[3292,7553,7554],{"class":3294,"line":3433},[3292,7555,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,7557,7558],{"class":3294,"line":3448},[3292,7559,7560],{"class":3374},"    \u002F\u002F Широкий символ — залежить від платформи\n",[3292,7562,7563,7565,7567,7570,7572,7574],{"class":3294,"line":3469},[3292,7564,3381],{"class":3335},[3292,7566,6716],{"class":3335},[3292,7568,7569],{"class":3343},"*  s3 = ",[3292,7571,6721],{"class":3302},[3292,7573,3416],{"class":3343},[3292,7575,7576],{"class":3374},"        \u002F\u002F UTF-16 на Windows, UTF-32 на Linux\n",[3292,7578,7579],{"class":3294,"line":3474},[3292,7580,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,7582,7583],{"class":3294,"line":3480},[3292,7584,7585],{"class":3374},"    \u002F\u002F Фіксований UTF-16 (C++11)\n",[3292,7587,7588,7590,7593,7596,7598,7600],{"class":3294,"line":3494},[3292,7589,3381],{"class":3335},[3292,7591,7592],{"class":3339}," char16_t",[3292,7594,7595],{"class":3343},"* s4 = ",[3292,7597,6935],{"class":3302},[3292,7599,3416],{"class":3343},[3292,7601,7602],{"class":3374},"        \u002F\u002F UTF-16\n",[3292,7604,7605],{"class":3294,"line":3513},[3292,7606,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,7608,7609],{"class":3294,"line":3542},[3292,7610,7611],{"class":3374},"    \u002F\u002F Фіксований UTF-32 (C++11)\n",[3292,7613,7614,7616,7619,7622,7624,7626],{"class":3294,"line":3567},[3292,7615,3381],{"class":3335},[3292,7617,7618],{"class":3339}," char32_t",[3292,7620,7621],{"class":3343},"* s5 = ",[3292,7623,6973],{"class":3302},[3292,7625,3416],{"class":3343},[3292,7627,7628],{"class":3374},"        \u002F\u002F UTF-32\n",[3292,7630,7631],{"class":3294,"line":3573},[3292,7632,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,7634,7635,7637,7639,7641,7643,7646,7648,7650,7652,7654],{"class":3294,"line":3578},[3292,7636,3398],{"class":3343},[3292,7638,5910],{"class":3335},[3292,7640,5760],{"class":3343},[3292,7642,5982],{"class":3302},[3292,7644,7645],{"class":3343},")   \u003C\u003C ",[3292,7647,3407],{"class":3302},[3292,7649,3411],{"class":3410},[3292,7651,3407],{"class":3302},[3292,7653,3416],{"class":3343},[3292,7655,7656],{"class":3374},"     \u002F\u002F 2 (char + нуль-термінатор)\n",[3292,7658,7659,7661,7663,7665,7668,7671,7673,7675,7677,7679],{"class":3294,"line":3590},[3292,7660,3398],{"class":3343},[3292,7662,5910],{"class":3335},[3292,7664,5760],{"class":3343},[3292,7666,7667],{"class":3302},"u\"A\"",[3292,7669,7670],{"class":3343},")  \u003C\u003C ",[3292,7672,3407],{"class":3302},[3292,7674,3411],{"class":3410},[3292,7676,3407],{"class":3302},[3292,7678,3416],{"class":3343},[3292,7680,7681],{"class":3374},"     \u002F\u002F 4 (char16_t + нуль-термінатор)\n",[3292,7683,7684,7686,7688,7690,7693,7695,7697,7699,7701,7703],{"class":3294,"line":4067},[3292,7685,3398],{"class":3343},[3292,7687,5910],{"class":3335},[3292,7689,5760],{"class":3343},[3292,7691,7692],{"class":3302},"U\"A\"",[3292,7694,7670],{"class":3343},[3292,7696,3407],{"class":3302},[3292,7698,3411],{"class":3410},[3292,7700,3407],{"class":3302},[3292,7702,3416],{"class":3343},[3292,7704,7705],{"class":3374},"     \u002F\u002F 8 (char32_t + нуль-термінатор)\n",[3292,7707,7708,7710,7712,7714,7717,7719,7721,7723,7725,7727],{"class":3294,"line":4073},[3292,7709,3398],{"class":3343},[3292,7711,5910],{"class":3335},[3292,7713,5760],{"class":3343},[3292,7715,7716],{"class":3302},"L\"A\"",[3292,7718,7670],{"class":3343},[3292,7720,3407],{"class":3302},[3292,7722,3411],{"class":3410},[3292,7724,3407],{"class":3302},[3292,7726,3416],{"class":3343},[3292,7728,7729],{"class":3374},"     \u002F\u002F 8 на Linux (wchar_t=4 + нуль)\n",[3292,7731,7732],{"class":3294,"line":4078},[3292,7733,3326],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":3325},[3292,7735,7736,7738,7740],{"class":3294,"line":4083},[3292,7737,3581],{"class":3298},[3292,7739,3585],{"class":3584},[3292,7741,3344],{"class":3343},[3292,7743,7744],{"class":3294,"line":4089},[3292,7745,3593],{"class":3343},[3613,7747,7749],{"id":7748},"зведена-таблиця-символьних-типів-c","Зведена таблиця символьних типів C++",[7751,7752,7753,7771,7788,7802,7815],"field-group",{},[7754,7755,7757,7758,7761,7762,7764,7765,4892,7768,3522],"field",{"name":4862,"type":7756},"1 байт","Тип за замовчуванням. Одна UTF-8 code unit або один ASCII-символ. ",[3598,7759,7760],{},"НЕ"," Unicode-символ у загальному випадку. Рядковий тип: ",[3289,7763,6281],{},". Префікс літерала: ",[3289,7766,7767],{},"'A'",[3289,7769,7770],{},"\"text\"",[7754,7772,7773,7774,7777,7778,7781,7782,4892,7785,3522],{"name":4831,"type":6597},"Широкий символ. ",[3598,7775,7776],{},"Платформозалежний",": 2 байти (UTF-16) на Windows, 4 байти (UTF-32) на Linux\u002FmacOS. Уникайте у портабельному коді. Рядковий тип: ",[3289,7779,7780],{},"std::wstring",". Префікс: ",[3289,7783,7784],{},"L'A'",[3289,7786,7787],{},"L\"text\"",[7754,7789,7791,7792,7795,7796,7781,7799,3522],{"name":7240,"type":7790},"1 байт (C++20)","Явний UTF-8 code unit. Фізично ідентичний ",[3289,7793,7794],{},"unsigned char",", але окремий тип у системі типів. Рядковий тип: ",[3289,7797,7798],{},"std::u8string",[3289,7800,7801],{},"u8\"text\"",[7754,7803,7805,7806,7781,7809,4892,7812,3522],{"name":6854,"type":7804},"2 байти (C++11)","Одна UTF-16 code unit. Символ BMP — одна code unit; символ поза BMP — сурогатна пара (2 code units). Рядковий тип: ",[3289,7807,7808],{},"std::u16string",[3289,7810,7811],{},"u'A'",[3289,7813,7814],{},"u\"text\"",[7754,7816,7818,7819,7822,7823,7781,7825,4892,7828,3522],{"name":6857,"type":7817},"4 байти (C++11)","Один повний Unicode code point. ",[3289,7820,7821],{},"u32string::size()"," == кількість символів (для не-BMP теж). Рядковий тип: ",[3289,7824,7220],{},[3289,7826,7827],{},"U'A'",[3289,7829,7830],{},"U\"text\"",[3606,7832],{},[3271,7834,7836],{"id":7835},"порівняльна-таблиця-кодувань","Порівняльна таблиця кодувань",[3820,7838,7839,7854],{},[3823,7840,7841],{},[3826,7842,7843,7846,7848,7850,7852],{},[3829,7844,7845],{"align":3838},"Властивість",[3829,7847,5234],{"align":3831},[3829,7849,4910],{"align":3831},[3829,7851,4457],{"align":3831},[3829,7853,4204],{"align":3831},[3844,7855,7856,7873,7888,7903,7916,7929,7944,7957,7971,7984,7999],{},[3826,7857,7858,7861,7864,7867,7870],{},[3849,7859,7860],{"align":3838},"Байтів на символ",[3849,7862,7863],{"align":3831},"1 (фіксовано)",[3849,7865,7866],{"align":3831},"1–4 (змінна)",[3849,7868,7869],{"align":3831},"2–4 (змінна)",[3849,7871,7872],{"align":3831},"4 (фіксовано)",[3826,7874,7875,7878,7881,7884,7886],{},[3849,7876,7877],{"align":3838},"Символів у стандарті",[3849,7879,7880],{"align":3831},"128",[3849,7882,7883],{"align":3831},"1 114 112",[3849,7885,7883],{"align":3831},[3849,7887,7883],{"align":3831},[3826,7889,7890,7893,7896,7898,7901],{},[3849,7891,7892],{"align":3838},"Сумісність з ASCII",[3849,7894,7895],{"align":3831},"✅",[3849,7897,7895],{"align":3831},[3849,7899,7900],{"align":3831},"❌",[3849,7902,7900],{"align":3831},[3826,7904,7905,7908,7910,7912,7914],{},[3849,7906,7907],{"align":3838},"Фіксована довжина",[3849,7909,7895],{"align":3831},[3849,7911,7900],{"align":3831},[3849,7913,7900],{"align":3831},[3849,7915,7895],{"align":3831},[3826,7917,7918,7921,7923,7925,7927],{},[3849,7919,7920],{"align":3838},"Компактність для латиниці",[3849,7922,7895],{"align":3831},[3849,7924,7895],{"align":3831},[3849,7926,7900],{"align":3831},[3849,7928,7900],{"align":3831},[3826,7930,7931,7934,7936,7939,7942],{},[3849,7932,7933],{"align":3838},"Компактність для CJK",[3849,7935,7900],{"align":3831},[3849,7937,7938],{"align":3831},"✅ (3 байти)",[3849,7940,7941],{"align":3831},"✅ (2 байти)",[3849,7943,7900],{"align":3831},[3826,7945,7946,7949,7951,7953,7955],{},[3849,7947,7948],{"align":3838},"O(1) доступ за індексом",[3849,7950,7895],{"align":3831},[3849,7952,7900],{"align":3831},[3849,7954,7900],{"align":3831},[3849,7956,7895],{"align":3831},[3826,7958,7959,7962,7964,7966,7969],{},[3849,7960,7961],{"align":3838},"Підтримка емодзі",[3849,7963,7900],{"align":3831},[3849,7965,7895],{"align":3831},[3849,7967,7968],{"align":3831},"✅ (сурогати)",[3849,7970,7895],{"align":3831},[3826,7972,7973,7976,7978,7980,7982],{},[3849,7974,7975],{"align":3838},"Відсутність нуль-байтів",[3849,7977,7895],{"align":3831},[3849,7979,7895],{"align":3831},[3849,7981,7900],{"align":3831},[3849,7983,7900],{"align":3831},[3826,7985,7986,7989,7992,7994,7997],{},[3849,7987,7988],{"align":3838},"Питання порядку байтів",[3849,7990,7991],{"align":3831},"ні",[3849,7993,7991],{"align":3831},[3849,7995,7996],{"align":3831},"так (BOM)",[3849,7998,7996],{"align":3831},[3826,8000,8001,8006,8009,8012,8015],{},[3849,8002,8003],{"align":3838},[3598,8004,8005],{},"Де використовується",[3849,8007,8008],{"align":3831},"Спадщина",[3849,8010,8011],{"align":3831},"Веб, Linux, macOS, Python",[3849,8013,8014],{"align":3831},"Windows, Java, JS",[3849,8016,8017],{"align":3831},"Внутрішня обробка",[3606,8019],{},[3271,8021,8023],{"id":8022},"практика","Практика",[3613,8025,8027],{"id":8026},"рівень-1-байти-та-код-поінти","Рівень 1: Байти та код-поінти",[8029,8030,8031,8075],"accordion",{},[8032,8033,8035,8042,8064],"accordion-item",{"label":8034},"Завдання 1.1 — Байтова розвідка",[3276,8036,8037,8038,8041],{},"Напишіть програму, що зчитує рядок (через ",[3289,8039,8040],{},"std::getline",") і виводить:",[3628,8043,8044,8055,8061],{},[3631,8045,8046,8047,8050,8051,6314,8053,4854],{},"Кількість ",[3598,8048,8049],{},"байтів"," (через ",[3289,8052,3401],{},[3289,8054,6277],{},[3631,8056,8057,8058,4854],{},"Побайтовий вивід у шістнадцятковому форматі (так само, як у прикладі ",[3289,8059,8060],{},"printBytes",[3631,8062,8063],{},"Чи складається рядок повністю з ASCII-символів (усі байти \u003C 128)",[3276,8065,8066,8067,3684,8069,3684,8071,3684,8073,3522],{},"Перевірте на рядках: ",[3289,8068,4261],{},[3289,8070,3390],{},[3289,8072,3486],{},[3289,8074,3443],{},[8032,8076,8078,8081,8103],{"label":8077},"Завдання 1.2 — Розмір типів",[3276,8079,8080],{},"Напишіть програму, що виводить таблицю розмірів усіх символьних типів C++:",[3628,8082,8083,8092,8096],{},[3631,8084,8085,3684,8087,3684,8090],{},[3289,8086,4862],{},[3289,8088,8089],{},"signed char",[3289,8091,7794],{},[3631,8093,8094],{},[3289,8095,4831],{},[3631,8097,8098,3684,8100,8102],{},[3289,8099,6854],{},[3289,8101,6857],{}," (C++11)",[3276,8104,8105,8106,8108],{},"Для кожного типу виведіть ",[3289,8107,5910],{}," і поясніть результат коментарем. Порівняйте результати на Windows та Linux (якщо є доступ до обох платформ).",[3613,8110,8112],{"id":8111},"рівень-2-аналіз-utf-8-байтів","Рівень 2: Аналіз UTF-8 байтів",[8029,8114,8115,8181],{},[8032,8116,8118,8129,8132,8166],{"label":8117},"Завдання 2.1 — Підрахунок символів",[3276,8119,8120,8121,8124,8125,8128],{},"Реалізуйте функцію ",[3289,8122,8123],{},"size_t countUtf8Chars(const char* str)",", що підраховує кількість ",[3598,8126,8127],{},"Unicode code points"," у UTF-8 рядку.",[3276,8130,8131],{},"Алгоритм: перебирайте байти рядка. Для кожного байта перевірте старші біти:",[3628,8133,8134,8139,8145,8151,8157],{},[3631,8135,8136,8138],{},[3289,8137,4968],{}," (байт \u003C 0x80) — новий символ",[3631,8140,8141,8144],{},[3289,8142,8143],{},"110xxxxx"," (0xC0 ≤ байт \u003C 0xE0) — перший байт 2-байтового символу",[3631,8146,8147,8150],{},[3289,8148,8149],{},"1110xxxx"," (0xE0 ≤ байт \u003C 0xF0) — перший байт 3-байтового символу",[3631,8152,8153,8156],{},[3289,8154,8155],{},"11110xxx"," (0xF0 ≤ байт \u003C 0xF8) — перший байт 4-байтового символу",[3631,8158,8159,8162,8163],{},[3289,8160,8161],{},"10xxxxxx"," — продовжуючий байт, ",[3598,8164,8165],{},"не рахувати",[3276,8167,8168,8169,8172,8173,8176,8177,8180],{},"Перевірте: ",[3289,8170,8171],{},"countUtf8Chars(\"Привіт\")"," → 6, ",[3289,8174,8175],{},"countUtf8Chars(\"Hello\")"," → 5, ",[3289,8178,8179],{},"countUtf8Chars(\"🎉\")"," → 1.",[8032,8182,8184,8191,8231],{"label":8183},"Завдання 2.2 — Класифікація байтів",[3276,8185,8186,8187,8190],{},"Напишіть функцію ",[3289,8188,8189],{},"void analyzeUtf8(const char* str)",", що для кожного байта рядка виводить його тип:",[3628,8192,8193,8199,8205,8211,8217,8225],{},[3631,8194,8195,8198],{},[3289,8196,8197],{},"[ASCII]"," — однобайтовий символ (0x00–0x7F)",[3631,8200,8201,8204],{},[3289,8202,8203],{},"[START-2]"," — початок 2-байтової послідовності",[3631,8206,8207,8210],{},[3289,8208,8209],{},"[START-3]"," — початок 3-байтової послідовності",[3631,8212,8213,8216],{},[3289,8214,8215],{},"[START-4]"," — початок 4-байтової послідовності",[3631,8218,8219,8222,8223,4854],{},[3289,8220,8221],{},"[CONT]"," — продовжуючий байт (починається з ",[3289,8224,5050],{},[3631,8226,8227,8230],{},[3289,8228,8229],{},"[INVALID]"," — некоректний байт (0xFE, 0xFF)",[3276,8232,8233,8234,3522],{},"Перевірте на рядку ",[3289,8235,8236],{},"\"A€Я🎉\"",[3613,8238,8240],{"id":8239},"рівень-3-реальний-сценарій","Рівень 3: Реальний сценарій",[8029,8242,8243,8271],{},[8032,8244,8246,8261],{"label":8245},"Завдання 3.1 — Усічення UTF-8 рядка",[3276,8247,8248,8249,8252,8253,8256,8257,8260],{},"Написати функцію ",[3289,8250,8251],{},"std::string truncateUtf8(const std::string& s, size_t maxChars)",", що обрізає UTF-8 рядок до ",[3289,8254,8255],{},"maxChars"," Unicode-символів. Важливо: функція ",[3598,8258,8259],{},"не має"," розрізати багатобайтовий символ навпіл — необхідно завжди зупинятись на межі символу.",[3276,8262,8263,8264,8267,8268],{},"Приклад: ",[3289,8265,8266],{},"truncateUtf8(\"Привіт, Світ!\", 7)"," → ",[3289,8269,8270],{},"\"Привіт,\"",[8032,8272,8274,8280,8294],{"label":8273},"Завдання 3.2 — Детектор кодування",[3276,8275,8186,8276,8279],{},[3289,8277,8278],{},"bool isValidUtf8(const char* str, size_t len)",", що перевіряє, чи є послідовність байтів коректним UTF-8:",[3628,8281,8282,8285,8288,8291],{},[3631,8283,8284],{},"Кожна багатобайтова послідовність має правильне число продовжуючих байтів",[3631,8286,8287],{},"Немає надмірно довгих послідовностей (overlong encoding)",[3631,8289,8290],{},"Немає сурогатних пар (U+D800–U+DFFF), що є некоректними у UTF-8",[3631,8292,8293],{},"Немає кодів вище U+10FFFF",[3276,8295,8296,8297,3684,8299,8301,8302,8305,8306,8309],{},"Протестуйте на: коректних рядках (",[3289,8298,4261],{},[3289,8300,3390],{},"), некоректних послідовностях (",[3289,8303,8304],{},"\"\\xC0\\x80\""," — overlong NULL, ",[3289,8307,8308],{},"\"\\xED\\xA0\\x80\""," — сурогат), обрізаній послідовності.",[3606,8311],{},[3271,8313,8315],{"id":8314},"резюме","Резюме",[8317,8318,8319,8349,8371,8393,8420,8459],"card-group",{},[8320,8321,8323],"card",{"icon":15,"title":8322},"📚 Unicode — каталог, не кодування",[3628,8324,8325,8332,8335,8342],{},[3631,8326,8327,8328,8331],{},"Unicode присвоює кожному символу унікальний ",[3598,8329,8330],{},"код-поінт"," (U+XXXX)",[3631,8333,8334],{},"Поточний стан: ~150 000 символів, 161 система письма",[3631,8336,8337,8338,8341],{},"17 ",[3598,8339,8340],{},"площин"," (planes); більшість символів у BMP (U+0000–U+FFFF)",[3631,8343,8344,8345,8348],{},"Unicode ",[3598,8346,8347],{},"не визначає"," байтове представлення — лише номер",[8320,8350,8353],{"icon":8351,"title":8352},"i-lucide-square","⚡ UTF-32: просто, але витратно",[3628,8354,8355,8360,8362,8368],{},[3631,8356,8357,8358],{},"Кожен символ = рівно ",[3598,8359,5164],{},[3631,8361,7948],{},[3631,8363,8364,8367],{},[3598,8365,8366],{},"4-кратне"," збільшення розміру для ASCII-тексту",[3631,8369,8370],{},"Застосування: внутрішня обробка, коли потрібен O(1) доступ",[8320,8372,8375],{"icon":8373,"title":8374},"i-lucide-window","🪟 UTF-16: рідне кодування Windows",[3628,8376,8377,8380,8383,8390],{},[3631,8378,8379],{},"BMP символи = 2 байти; поза BMP = 4 байти (сурогатні пари)",[3631,8381,8382],{},"Діапазон сурогатів: U+D800–U+DFFF (зарезервовано!)",[3631,8384,8385,5861,8387,8389],{},[3598,8386,4792],{},[3289,8388,4796],{},") визначає порядок байтів (LE\u002FBE)",[3631,8391,8392],{},"Застосування: Windows API, Java, JavaScript, Qt",[8320,8394,8396],{"icon":1930,"title":8395},"🌐 UTF-8: стандарт сучасного вебу",[3628,8397,8398,8405,8411,8414],{},[3631,8399,8400,8401,8404],{},"1–4 байти на символ; ",[3598,8402,8403],{},"сумісний з ASCII"," (однобайтові символи незмінні)",[3631,8406,8407,8410],{},[3598,8408,8409],{},"Самосинхронізація",": перший біт байта визначає його роль",[3631,8412,8413],{},"98%+ вебсайтів; кодування за замовчуванням у Linux, macOS, Python, Rust",[3631,8415,8416,8417,8419],{},"Без ",[3289,8418,6338],{}," всередині символів — сумісний із C-рядками",[8320,8421,8424],{"icon":8422,"title":8423},"i-lucide-type","🔠 Типи C++ для Unicode",[3628,8425,8426,8431,8440,8445,8454],{},[3631,8427,8428,8430],{},[3289,8429,4862],{}," — 1 байт, UTF-8 code unit (не Unicode-символ!)",[3631,8432,8433,8435,8436,8439],{},[3289,8434,4831],{}," — ",[3598,8437,8438],{},"платформозалежний"," (2 б. Windows \u002F 4 б. Linux), уникайте",[3631,8441,8442,8444],{},[3289,8443,6854],{}," (C++11) — UTF-16 code unit, 2 байти",[3631,8446,8447,8449,8450,8453],{},[3289,8448,6857],{}," (C++11) — повний code point, 4 байти, ",[3289,8451,8452],{},"size()"," = кількість символів",[3631,8455,8456,8458],{},[3289,8457,7240],{}," (C++20) — явний UTF-8 code unit",[8320,8460,8463],{"icon":8461,"title":8462},"i-lucide-alert-triangle","⚠️ Практичні наслідки для C++",[3628,8464,8465,8472,8479,8487],{},[3631,8466,8467,5131,8469,8471],{},[3289,8468,6254],{},[3598,8470,6232],{},", не 6 — функція рахує байти, не символи",[3631,8473,8474,6278,8476,8478],{},[3289,8475,6274],{},[3289,8477,6281],{}," = байти, а не Unicode-символи",[3631,8480,8481,6255,8484,8486],{},[3289,8482,8483],{},"s[i]",[3289,8485,4862],{}," — один байт, а не Unicode-символ",[3631,8488,8489,8490,8492],{},"Для коректного підрахунку символів — ",[3289,8491,7220],{}," або власна функція",[3728,8494,8495,8496,8499,8500,8502],{},"Наступний крок — стаття ",[3598,8497,8498],{},"«C-style рядки»",": тепер, розуміючи що таке байт, кодування і нуль-термінатор, ми можемо детально вивчити масиви ",[3289,8501,4862],{}," — фундамент, на якому будується весь сучасний рядковий API C++.",[8504,8505,8506],"style",{},"html pre.shiki code .s8xlr, html code.shiki .s8xlr{--shiki-light:#AF00DB;--shiki-default:#C586C0;--shiki-dark:#C586C0}html pre.shiki code .sbdoH, html code.shiki .sbdoH{--shiki-light:#A31515;--shiki-default:#CE9178;--shiki-dark:#CE9178}html pre.shiki code .su1O8, html code.shiki .su1O8{--shiki-light:#0000FF;--shiki-default:#569CD6;--shiki-dark:#569CD6}html pre.shiki code .sN1BT, html code.shiki .sN1BT{--shiki-light:#267F99;--shiki-default:#4EC9B0;--shiki-dark:#4EC9B0}html pre.shiki code .sHH4Y, html code.shiki .sHH4Y{--shiki-light:#000000;--shiki-default:#D4D4D4;--shiki-dark:#D4D4D4}html pre.shiki code .s8Opu, html code.shiki .s8Opu{--shiki-light:#795E26;--shiki-default:#DCDCAA;--shiki-dark:#DCDCAA}html pre.shiki code .spJ8K, html 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var(--shiki-dark-text-decoration);}",{"title":3287,"searchDepth":3306,"depth":3306,"links":8508},[8509,8510,8515,8520,8525,8531,8539,8551,8552,8557],{"id":3273,"depth":3306,"text":3274},{"id":3610,"depth":3306,"text":3611,"children":8511},[8512,8513,8514],{"id":3615,"depth":3314,"text":3616},{"id":3651,"depth":3314,"text":3652},{"id":3707,"depth":3314,"text":3708},{"id":3735,"depth":3306,"text":3736,"children":8516},[8517,8518,8519],{"id":3739,"depth":3314,"text":3740},{"id":3777,"depth":3314,"text":3778},{"id":3810,"depth":3314,"text":3811},{"id":4182,"depth":3306,"text":4183,"children":8521},[8522,8523,8524],{"id":4186,"depth":3314,"text":4187},{"id":4218,"depth":3314,"text":4219},{"id":4237,"depth":3314,"text":4238},{"id":4442,"depth":3306,"text":4443,"children":8526},[8527,8528,8529,8530],{"id":4446,"depth":3314,"text":4447},{"id":4493,"depth":3314,"text":4494},{"id":4768,"depth":3314,"text":4769},{"id":4838,"depth":3314,"text":4839},{"id":4900,"depth":3306,"text":4901,"children":8532},[8533,8534,8535,8536,8537,8538],{"id":4904,"depth":3314,"text":4905},{"id":4931,"depth":3314,"text":4932},{"id":5059,"depth":3314,"text":5060},{"id":5173,"depth":3314,"text":5174},{"id":5707,"depth":3314,"text":5708},{"id":6292,"depth":3314,"text":6293},{"id":6560,"depth":3306,"text":6561,"children":8540},[8541,8543,8545,8547,8549,8550],{"id":6564,"depth":3314,"text":8542},"Чому char недостатньо",{"id":6618,"depth":3314,"text":8544},"wchar_t — широкий символ (C++98)",{"id":6851,"depth":3314,"text":8546},"char16_t та char32_t — фіксовані Unicode-типи (C++11)",{"id":7237,"depth":3314,"text":8548},"char8_t — явний UTF-8 тип (C++20)",{"id":7448,"depth":3314,"text":7449},{"id":7748,"depth":3314,"text":7749},{"id":7835,"depth":3306,"text":7836},{"id":8022,"depth":3306,"text":8023,"children":8553},[8554,8555,8556],{"id":8026,"depth":3314,"text":8027},{"id":8111,"depth":3314,"text":8112},{"id":8239,"depth":3314,"text":8240},{"id":8314,"depth":3306,"text":8315},"Що таке Unicode, чим відрізняється код-поінт від кодування, як влаштовані UTF-8, UTF-16 та UTF-32 на рівні байтів, чому char у C++ — це не символ, та які символьні типи існують для роботи з Unicode.","md",null,{},{"title":1865,"description":8558},"QB-kQgS8xgo5dq_odvNCsYRTZJoczvyHiucS65nDjoc",[8565,8567],{"title":1861,"path":1862,"stem":1863,"description":8566,"children":-1},"Як тип char насправді зберігає числа, що таке кодування, детальна структура таблиці ASCII, арифметика символів та функції \u003Ccctype> — фундамент для розуміння рядків у C++.",{"title":1869,"path":1870,"stem":1871,"description":8568,"children":-1},"Масив char з нуль-термінатором — фундамент рядкової обробки в C та C++. Детально: оголошення, ініціалізація, char[] vs const char*, бібліотека \u003Ccstring>, небезпеки та buffer overflow.",1780940934600]