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C#","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fadvanced-core\u002Fadditional-features","01.csharp\u002F03.advanced-core\u002F06.additional-features",{"title":121,"icon":122,"path":123,"stem":124,"children":125,"page":59},"Architecture Best Practices","i-lucide-building-2","\u002Fcsharp\u002Farchitecture-best-practices","01.csharp\u002F04.architecture-best-practices",[126,130,149,153,157,161,165,169],{"title":127,"path":128,"stem":129},"Software Design Principles (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Farchitecture-best-practices\u002Fsoftware-design-principles","01.csharp\u002F04.architecture-best-practices\u002F01.software-design-principles",{"title":131,"icon":132,"path":133,"stem":134,"children":135,"page":59},"Design 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Програмування","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fsystem-programming-windows\u002Fasync-fundamentals","01.csharp\u002F07.system-programming-windows\u002F12.async-fundamentals",{"title":344,"path":345,"stem":346},"SynchronizationContext та ConfigureAwait — Контекст Виконання","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fsystem-programming-windows\u002Fasync-context-configureawait","01.csharp\u002F07.system-programming-windows\u002F13.async-context-configureawait",{"title":348,"path":349,"stem":350},"Async — Просунуті Паттерни","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fsystem-programming-windows\u002Fasync-advanced","01.csharp\u002F07.system-programming-windows\u002F14.async-advanced",{"title":352,"path":353,"stem":354},"System.Threading.Channels — Async Producer-Consumer","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fsystem-programming-windows\u002Fchannels","01.csharp\u002F07.system-programming-windows\u002F15.channels",{"title":356,"path":357,"stem":358},"Асинхронна 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ОС","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fsystem-programming-windows\u002Fwindows-hooks-services","01.csharp\u002F07.system-programming-windows\u002F20.windows-hooks-services",{"title":376,"path":377,"stem":378},"Системне Програмування C# (Windows) — 07.system-programming-windows","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fsystem-programming-windows\u002Fimplementation_plan","01.csharp\u002F07.system-programming-windows\u002Fimplementation_plan",{"title":380,"icon":132,"path":381,"stem":382,"children":383,"page":59},"Io","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fio","01.csharp\u002F08.io",[384,388,392,396,400],{"title":385,"path":386,"stem":387},"8.1.1. Основи роботи з файловою системою","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fio\u002Ffile-system-basics","01.csharp\u002F08.io\u002F01.file-system-basics",{"title":389,"path":390,"stem":391},"8.1.2. Потоки (Streams) та Серіалізація Даних","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fio\u002Fstreams-serialization","01.csharp\u002F08.io\u002F02.streams-serialization",{"title":393,"path":394,"stem":395},"8.2.1. JSON Serialization з System.Text.Json","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fio\u002Fjson-serialization","01.csharp\u002F08.io\u002F03.json-serialization",{"title":397,"path":398,"stem":399},"8.2.2. XML Serialization та LINQ to XML","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fio\u002Fxml-serialization","01.csharp\u002F08.io\u002F04.xml-serialization",{"title":401,"path":402,"stem":403},"8.2.3. Binary Serialization: MessagePack та Protocol Buffers","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fio\u002Fbinary-serialization","01.csharp\u002F08.io\u002F05.binary-serialization",{"title":405,"icon":132,"path":406,"stem":407,"children":408,"page":59},"Ado Net","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fado-net","01.csharp\u002F09.ado-net",[409,413,417,421,425,429,433,437,441,445,449,453],{"title":410,"path":411,"stem":412},"9.1. Введення в ADO.NET","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fado-net\u002Fintroduction-to-adonet","01.csharp\u002F09.ado-net\u002F01.introduction-to-adonet",{"title":414,"path":415,"stem":416},"9.2. Клас DbConnection — з'єднання з базою даних","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fado-net\u002Fconnection","01.csharp\u002F09.ado-net\u002F02.connection",{"title":418,"path":419,"stem":420},"9.3. Клас DbCommand — виконання SQL-запитів","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fado-net\u002Fcommand-and-queries","01.csharp\u002F09.ado-net\u002F03.command-and-queries",{"title":422,"path":423,"stem":424},"9.4. Клас DbDataReader — ефективне читання даних","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fado-net\u002Fdatareader","01.csharp\u002F09.ado-net\u002F04.datareader",{"title":426,"path":427,"stem":428},"9.5. Параметризовані запити та захист від SQL Injection","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fado-net\u002Fparameters-and-sql-injection","01.csharp\u002F09.ado-net\u002F05.parameters-and-sql-injection",{"title":430,"path":431,"stem":432},"9.6. Транзакції в ADO.NET","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fado-net\u002Ftransactions","01.csharp\u002F09.ado-net\u002F06.transactions",{"title":434,"path":435,"stem":436},"9.7. DbProviderFactory — провайдер-незалежний код","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fado-net\u002Fprovider-factory","01.csharp\u002F09.ado-net\u002F07.provider-factory",{"title":438,"path":439,"stem":440},"9.8. Асинхронний доступ до даних","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fado-net\u002Fasync-data-access","01.csharp\u002F09.ado-net\u002F08.async-data-access",{"title":442,"path":443,"stem":444},"9.9. Від'єднаний режим: DataSet, DataTable, DataRow","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fado-net\u002Fdisconnected-mode-dataset","01.csharp\u002F09.ado-net\u002F09.disconnected-mode-dataset",{"title":446,"path":447,"stem":448},"9.10. DataAdapter — міст між DataSet та базою даних","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fado-net\u002Fdata-adapter","01.csharp\u002F09.ado-net\u002F10.data-adapter",{"title":450,"path":451,"stem":452},"9.11. Data Mapper та Repository: Архітектура доступу до даних","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fado-net\u002Fdata-mapper-repository","01.csharp\u002F09.ado-net\u002F11.data-mapper-repository",{"title":454,"path":455,"stem":456},"9.12. Identity Map, Unit of Work та Specification Pattern","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fado-net\u002Fadvanced-patterns","01.csharp\u002F09.ado-net\u002F12.advanced-patterns",{"title":458,"icon":255,"path":459,"stem":460,"children":461,"page":59},"Ef Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core",[462,466,470,474,478,482,486,490,494,498,502,506,510,514,518,522,526,532,538,542,546,550,554,558,562,566,570,574,578,582,586,590,594,598,602,606,610,614,618,622,626,630,634,638,642,646],{"title":463,"path":464,"stem":465},"Що таке ORM? Від SQL до об'єктів","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fwhat-is-orm","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F01.what-is-orm",{"title":467,"path":468,"stem":469},"Перший проєкт — від нуля до CRUD","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Ffirst-project","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F02.first-project",{"title":471,"path":472,"stem":473},"DbContext — Серце EF Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fdbcontext-deep-dive","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F03.dbcontext-deep-dive",{"title":475,"path":476,"stem":477},"Провайдери баз даних — Архітектура та Вибір СУБД","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fdatabase-providers","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F04.database-providers",{"title":479,"path":480,"stem":481},"Конвенції EF Core — Магія без конфігурації","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fconventions","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F05.conventions",{"title":483,"path":484,"stem":485},"Fluent API та Data Annotations — Явна конфігурація моделі","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Ffluent-api-vs-annotations","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F06.fluent-api-vs-annotations",{"title":487,"path":488,"stem":489},"Зв'язки — One-to-One та One-to-Many","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Frelationships-basics","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F07.relationships-basics",{"title":491,"path":492,"stem":493},"Зв'язки Advanced — Many-to-Many та Складні Сценарії","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Frelationships-advanced","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F08.relationships-advanced",{"title":495,"path":496,"stem":497},"Властивості — Типи, Конвертери, Компаратори (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fproperty-configuration-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F09.property-configuration-part1",{"title":499,"path":500,"stem":501},"Властивості — Value Comparers, Generators, Shadow Properties (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fproperty-configuration-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F09.property-configuration-part2",{"title":503,"path":504,"stem":505},"Складні типи — Owned Types та Complex Types (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fcomplex-types-owned-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F10.complex-types-owned-part1",{"title":507,"path":508,"stem":509},"Складні типи — Complex Types, Keyless Entities, Порівняння (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fcomplex-types-owned-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F10.complex-types-owned-part2",{"title":511,"path":512,"stem":513},"JSON Columns — Складні дані у JSON (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fjson-columns-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F11.json-columns-part1",{"title":515,"path":516,"stem":517},"JSON Columns — Value Comparers, Індекси, Провайдери (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fjson-columns-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F11.json-columns-part2",{"title":519,"path":520,"stem":521},"Успадкування — Абстрактні класи та TPH (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Finheritance-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F12.inheritance-part1",{"title":523,"path":524,"stem":525},"Успадкування — TPT, TPC та Порівняння Стратегій (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Finheritance-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F12.inheritance-part2",{"title":527,"path":528,"stem":529,"children":530},"Індекси, Обмеження та Схема (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Findexes-constraints-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F13.indexes-constraints-part1",[531],{"title":527,"path":528,"stem":529},{"title":533,"path":534,"stem":535,"children":536},"Індекси, Обмеження та Схема (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Findexes-constraints-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F13.indexes-constraints-part2",[537],{"title":533,"path":534,"stem":535},{"title":539,"path":540,"stem":541},"Seed Data — Початкові Дані (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fseeding-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F14.seeding-part1",{"title":543,"path":544,"stem":545},"Seed Data — SQL-скрипти, Bogus та Стратегії (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fseeding-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F14.seeding-part2",{"title":547,"path":548,"stem":549},"Global Query Filters — Глобальні Фільтри (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fglobal-query-filters-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F15.global-query-filters-part1",{"title":551,"path":552,"stem":553},"Global Query Filters — Підводні камені та Інтеграція (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fglobal-query-filters-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F15.global-query-filters-part2",{"title":555,"path":556,"stem":557},"LINQ-запити в EF Core (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Flinq-queries-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F16.linq-queries-part1",{"title":559,"path":560,"stem":561},"LINQ-запити в EF Core (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Flinq-queries-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F16.linq-queries-part2",{"title":563,"path":564,"stem":565},"Завантаження Пов'язаних Даних (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Floading-related-data-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F17.loading-related-data-part1",{"title":567,"path":568,"stem":569},"Завантаження Пов'язаних Даних (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Floading-related-data-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F17.loading-related-data-part2",{"title":571,"path":572,"stem":573},"Raw SQL, Views та Stored Procedures (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fraw-sql-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F18.raw-sql-part1",{"title":575,"path":576,"stem":577},"Raw SQL — Stored Procedures, DbFunction та Bulk Operations (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fraw-sql-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F18.raw-sql-part2",{"title":579,"path":580,"stem":581},"Продвинуті Запити — Compiled Queries, Bulk та Оптимізація (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fadvanced-queries-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F19.advanced-queries-part1",{"title":583,"path":584,"stem":585},"Продвинуті Запити — Query Tags, Bulk та Interceptors (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fadvanced-queries-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F19.advanced-queries-part2",{"title":587,"path":588,"stem":589},"Change Tracker — Відстеження Змін (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fchange-tracking-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F20.change-tracking-part1",{"title":591,"path":592,"stem":593},"Change Tracker — Графи Об'єктів та Disconnected (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fchange-tracking-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F20.change-tracking-part2",{"title":595,"path":596,"stem":597},"Збереження Даних та Транзакції (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fsaving-data-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F21.saving-data-part1",{"title":599,"path":600,"stem":601},"Збереження Даних — Concurrency та Outbox (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fsaving-data-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F21.saving-data-part2",{"title":603,"path":604,"stem":605},"Конкурентність та Блокування (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fconcurrency-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F22.concurrency-part1",{"title":607,"path":608,"stem":609},"Конкурентність — Дедлоки та Queue Processing (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fconcurrency-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F22.concurrency-part2",{"title":611,"path":612,"stem":613},"Міграції в EF Core — Основи (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fmigrations-basics-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F23.migrations-basics-part1",{"title":615,"path":616,"stem":617},"Міграції в EF Core — Основи (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fmigrations-basics-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F23.migrations-basics-part2",{"title":619,"path":620,"stem":621},"Міграції — Просунуті Сценарії (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fmigrations-advanced-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F24.migrations-advanced-part1",{"title":623,"path":624,"stem":625},"Міграції — Просунуті Сценарії (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fmigrations-advanced-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F24.migrations-advanced-part2",{"title":627,"path":628,"stem":629},"Управління Схемою та Database-First (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fschema-management-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F25.schema-management-part1",{"title":631,"path":632,"stem":633},"Управління Схемою та Database-First (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fschema-management-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F25.schema-management-part2",{"title":635,"path":636,"stem":637},"Продуктивність EF Core — Основи (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fperformance-fundamentals-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F26.performance-fundamentals-part1",{"title":639,"path":640,"stem":641},"Interceptors в EF Core (Частина 1)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Finterceptors-part1","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F29.interceptors-part1",{"title":643,"path":644,"stem":645},"Interceptors в EF Core — Connection, Transaction та Materialization (Частина 2)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Finterceptors-part2","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002F29.interceptors-part2",{"title":647,"path":648,"stem":649},"План вивчення Entity Framework Core — Повний курс","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fef-core\u002Fimplementation_plan","01.csharp\u002F10.ef-core\u002Fimplementation_plan",{"title":651,"icon":652,"path":653,"stem":654,"children":655,"page":59},"ASP.NET","i-devicon-dotnetcore","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet",[656,730,791,869,927,941,967,1057,1111,1182,1212,1289,1346],{"title":657,"icon":658,"path":659,"stem":660,"children":661,"page":59},"Minimal API","i-lucide-network","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api",[662,666,670,674,678,682,686,690,694,698,702,706,710,714,718,722,726],{"title":663,"path":664,"stem":665},"Вступ до ASP.NET та еволюція фреймворку","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Fintroduction","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F01.introduction",{"title":667,"path":668,"stem":669},"Перший додаток на ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Ffirst-application","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F02.first-application",{"title":671,"path":672,"stem":673},"WebApplication, Builder та Dependency Injection","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Fwebapplication-builder","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F03.webapplication-builder",{"title":675,"path":676,"stem":677},"Конвеєр запитів та Middleware","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Frequest-pipeline-middleware","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F04.request-pipeline-middleware",{"title":679,"path":680,"stem":681},"Маршрутизація в ASP.NET Core: Основи","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Frouting-basics","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F05.routing-basics",{"title":683,"path":684,"stem":685},"Маршрутизація в ASP.NET Core: Розширені можливості","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Frouting-advanced","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F06.routing-advanced",{"title":687,"path":688,"stem":689},"Статичні файли в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Fstatic-files","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F07.static-files",{"title":691,"path":692,"stem":693},"Статичні Активи: MapStaticAssets (ASP.NET Core 9.0)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Fstatic-assets","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F08.static-assets",{"title":695,"path":696,"stem":697},"Конфігурація в ASP.NET Core: Основи","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Fconfiguration-fundamentals","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F09.configuration-fundamentals",{"title":699,"path":700,"stem":701},"Конфігурація: Паттерн Options","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Fconfiguration-options","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F10.configuration-options",{"title":703,"path":704,"stem":705},"Логування в ASP.NET Core: Основи","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Flogging-basics","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F11.logging-basics",{"title":707,"path":708,"stem":709},"Логування: Serilog та Middleware","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Flogging-advanced","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F12.logging-advanced",{"title":711,"path":712,"stem":713},"Управління станом: HttpContext.Items та Cookies","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Fstate-management","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F13.state-management",{"title":715,"path":716,"stem":717},"Стан сесії: Sessions","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Fsession-state","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F14.session-state",{"title":719,"path":720,"stem":721},"Структура проєкту: від хаосу до архітектури","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Fproject-structure","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F15.project-structure",{"title":723,"path":724,"stem":725},"Scalar у Minimal API: повний проєкт і Fluent OpenAPI","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Fscalar-openapi-fluent","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F16.scalar-openapi-fluent",{"title":727,"path":728,"stem":729},"Swagger \u002F Swashbuckle у Minimal API: окремий класичний шлях","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fminimal-api\u002Fswagger-swashbuckle","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F01.minimal-api\u002F17.swagger-swashbuckle",{"title":731,"icon":658,"path":732,"stem":733,"children":734,"page":59},"API","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api",[735,739,743,747,751,755,759,763,767,771,775,779,783,787],{"title":736,"path":737,"stem":738},"Що таке API. Клієнт-серверна архітектура","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Fwhat-is-api","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F01.what-is-api",{"title":740,"path":741,"stem":742},"Формати даних: JSON, XML, TOML та бінарні формати","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Fdata-formats","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F02.data-formats",{"title":744,"path":745,"stem":746},"Парадигми API та концепція REST","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Fapi-paradigms-rest","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F03.api-paradigms-rest",{"title":748,"path":749,"stem":750},"HTTP-методи, статус-коди та заголовки","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Fhttp-methods-status-codes","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F04.http-methods-status-codes",{"title":752,"path":753,"stem":754},"Організація HTTP API за принципами REST","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Frest-organizing","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F05.rest-organizing",{"title":756,"path":757,"stem":758},"Номенклатура URL та CRUD-операції","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Furl-nomenclature-crud","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F06.url-nomenclature-crud",{"title":760,"path":761,"stem":762},"Правила дизайну: іменування та стандарти","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Fapi-design-naming","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F07.api-design-naming",{"title":764,"path":765,"stem":766},"Валідація, ліміти та обробка помилок","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Fapi-design-validation","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F08.api-design-validation",{"title":768,"path":769,"stem":770},"Обробка помилок у Minimal API","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Ferror-handling-http","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F09.error-handling-http",{"title":772,"path":773,"stem":774},"Ідемпотентність та синхронізація стану","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Fidempotency-sync","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F10.idempotency-sync",{"title":776,"path":777,"stem":778},"Пагінація та організація списків","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Fpagination-lists","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F11.pagination-lists",{"title":780,"path":781,"stem":782},"Безпека API, кешування та інтернаціоналізація","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Fsecurity-auth","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F12.security-auth",{"title":784,"path":785,"stem":786},"Процес проєктування API та документування","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Fapi-design-process","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F13.api-design-process",{"title":788,"path":789,"stem":790},"OpenAPI: контракт, специфікація та документація API","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fapi\u002Fopenapi","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F02.api\u002F14.openapi",{"title":792,"icon":793,"path":794,"stem":795,"children":796,"page":59},"Auth","i-lucide-shield-check","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth",[797,801,805,809,813,817,821,825,829,833,837,841,845,849,853,857,861,865],{"title":798,"path":799,"stem":800},"Основи аутентифікації та авторизації","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Fauth-fundamentals","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F01.auth-fundamentals",{"title":802,"path":803,"stem":804},"JWT-аутентифікація","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Fjwt-authentication","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F02.jwt-authentication",{"title":806,"path":807,"stem":808},"Авторизація: ролі, політики та resource-based доступ","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Fauthorization-policies","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F03.authorization-policies",{"title":810,"path":811,"stem":812},"Cookie-аутентифікація та ASP.NET Core Identity","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Fcookie-auth-identity","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F04.cookie-auth-identity",{"title":814,"path":815,"stem":816},"JWT + Refresh Tokens (HttpOnly Cookie)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002F04b.identity-auth-jwt","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F04b.identity-auth-jwt",{"title":818,"path":819,"stem":820},"Identity: Підтвердження Email та Скидання Пароля","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Fidentity-email-confirmation","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F05.identity-email-confirmation",{"title":822,"path":823,"stem":824},"Identity: Двофакторна Аутентифікація (2FA)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Fidentity-two-factor","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F06.identity-two-factor",{"title":826,"path":827,"stem":828},"Identity: Внутрішня Архітектура та Кастомізація","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Fidentity-internals","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F07.identity-internals",{"title":830,"path":831,"stem":832},"OAuth 2.0 та зовнішні провайдери","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Foauth-external-providers","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F08.oauth-external-providers",{"title":834,"path":835,"stem":836},"Безпека на практиці: CORS, HTTPS та захист від атак","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Fsecurity-hardening","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F09.security-hardening",{"title":838,"path":839,"stem":840},"Теорія OAuth 2.0: Поняття, Аналогії та Флоу","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Foauth-theory","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F10.oauth-theory",{"title":842,"path":843,"stem":844},"OIDC, OAuth 2.0 та Keycloak в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Foidc-keycloak","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F10.oidc-keycloak",{"title":846,"path":847,"stem":848},"API Keys аутентифікація в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Fapi-keys","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F11.api-keys",{"title":850,"path":851,"stem":852},"Rate Limiting та Throttling в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Frate-limiting","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F12.rate-limiting",{"title":854,"path":855,"stem":856},"Refresh Token Rotation в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Frefresh-token-rotation","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F13.refresh-token-rotation",{"title":858,"path":859,"stem":860},"Certificate Authentication та mTLS в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Fcertificate-auth","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F14.certificate-auth",{"title":862,"path":863,"stem":864},"RBAC, ABAC та ReBAC в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Frbac-abac-rebac","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F15.rbac-abac-rebac",{"title":866,"path":867,"stem":868},"Multi-tenancy та ізоляція даних в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fauth\u002Fmulti-tenancy","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F03.auth\u002F16.multi-tenancy",{"title":870,"icon":871,"path":872,"stem":873,"children":874,"page":59},"Нотифікації","i-lucide-bell","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications",[875,879,883,887,891,895,899,903,907,911,915,919,923],{"title":876,"path":877,"stem":878},"In-App нотифікації через базу даних","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications\u002Fin-app-database-notifications","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications\u002F01.in-app-database-notifications",{"title":880,"path":881,"stem":882},"Polling: Регулярний запит оновлень","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications\u002Fpolling","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications\u002F02.polling",{"title":884,"path":885,"stem":886},"Server-Sent Events: Однострімовий push від сервера","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications\u002Fserver-sent-events","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications\u002F03.server-sent-events",{"title":888,"path":889,"stem":890},"WebSockets: Двостороннє з'єднання в реальному часі","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications\u002Fwebsockets","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications\u002F04.websockets",{"title":892,"path":893,"stem":894},"SignalR: Абстракція над транспортами реального часу","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications\u002Fsignalr","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications\u002F05.signalr",{"title":896,"path":897,"stem":898},"Background Services: Фонові задачі в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications\u002Fbackground-services","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications\u002F06.background-services",{"title":900,"path":901,"stem":902},"Web Push нотифікації","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications\u002Fweb-push","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications\u002F07.web-push",{"title":904,"path":905,"stem":906},"Email нотифікації","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications\u002Femail-notifications","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications\u002F08.email-notifications",{"title":908,"path":909,"stem":910},"Порівняння підходів: Як вибрати правильну технологію нотифікацій","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications\u002Fchoosing-the-right-approach","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications\u002F09.choosing-the-right-approach",{"title":912,"path":913,"stem":914},"Hangfire: Надійне планування фонових задач","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications\u002Fhangfire","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications\u002F10.hangfire",{"title":916,"path":917,"stem":918},"Практика: Конвертація зображень у WebP через Hangfire","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications\u002Fhangfire-image-webp","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications\u002F11.hangfire-image-webp",{"title":920,"path":921,"stem":922},"Практика: Підготовка відео до HLS-стрімінгу через Hangfire","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications\u002Fhangfire-video-hls","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications\u002F12.hangfire-video-hls",{"title":924,"path":925,"stem":926},"Telegram-нотифікації: від одного повідомлення до масових розсилок і мульти-канального підходу","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fnotifications\u002Ftelegram-notifications","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F04.notifications\u002F13.telegram-notifications",{"title":928,"icon":929,"path":930,"stem":931,"children":932,"page":59},"Інтернаціоналізація","i-lucide-languages","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fi18n","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F05.i18n",[933,937],{"title":934,"path":935,"stem":936},"Інтернаціоналізація (i18n) у Minimal API: від A до Я","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fi18n\u002Finternationalization","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F05.i18n\u002F01.internationalization",{"title":938,"path":939,"stem":940},"Humanizer: людиномовні рядки у .NET","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fi18n\u002Fhumanizer","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F05.i18n\u002F02.humanizer",{"title":942,"icon":943,"path":944,"stem":945,"children":946,"page":59},"Кешування","i-lucide-layers","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fcaching","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F06.caching",[947,951,955,959,963],{"title":948,"path":949,"stem":950},"Огляд кешування: чотири рівні і коли що обирати","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fcaching\u002Fcaching","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F06.caching\u002F01.caching",{"title":952,"path":953,"stem":954},"IMemoryCache: кеш в оперативній пам'яті","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fcaching\u002Fmemory-cache","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F06.caching\u002F02.memory-cache",{"title":956,"path":957,"stem":958},"IDistributedCache і Redis: розподілений кеш","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fcaching\u002Fdistributed-cache","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F06.caching\u002F03.distributed-cache",{"title":960,"path":961,"stem":962},"Response Cache: HTTP-кешування через Cache-Control","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fcaching\u002Fresponse-cache","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F06.caching\u002F04.response-cache",{"title":964,"path":965,"stem":966},"Output Cache: серверний кеш HTTP-відповідей (.NET 7+)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fcaching\u002Foutput-cache","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F06.caching\u002F05.output-cache",{"title":968,"icon":969,"path":970,"stem":971,"children":972,"page":59},"Тестування","i-lucide-test-tube","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing",[973,977,981,985,989,993,997,1001,1005,1009,1013,1017,1021,1025,1029,1033,1037,1041,1045,1049,1053],{"title":974,"path":975,"stem":976},"Що таке тестування? Від інтуїції до науки","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fwhat-is-testing","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F01.what-is-testing",{"title":978,"path":979,"stem":980},"Піраміда тестування — Стратегія, а не Догма","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Ftesting-pyramid","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F02.testing-pyramid",{"title":982,"path":983,"stem":984},"Дві Школи Тестування — Лондон проти Детройту","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Ftesting-schools","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F03.testing-schools",{"title":986,"path":987,"stem":988},"TDD та BDD — Тести як Дизайн-інструмент","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Ftdd-and-bdd","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F04.tdd-and-bdd",{"title":990,"path":991,"stem":992},"Що саме тестувати — Техніки аналізу та Циклomatична складність","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fwhat-to-test","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F05.what-to-test",{"title":994,"path":995,"stem":996},"Тестові Фреймворки — Навіщо вони і що всередині","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Ftest-frameworks","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F06.test-frameworks",{"title":998,"path":999,"stem":1000},"xUnit — Факти, Теорії та Lifecycle тестів","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fxunit-basics","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F07.xunit-basics",{"title":1002,"path":1003,"stem":1004},"xUnit Advanced — Fixtures, Кастомізація та Розширення","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fxunit-advanced","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F08.xunit-advanced",{"title":1006,"path":1007,"stem":1008},"Moq — Глибоке занурення в мокування","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fmocking-with-moq","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F09.mocking-with-moq",{"title":1010,"path":1011,"stem":1012},"Тестування Баз Даних — EF Core, SQLite та Testcontainers","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fdatabase-testing","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F10.database-testing",{"title":1014,"path":1015,"stem":1016},"Integration Testing — Частина 1 [Теорія та WebApplicationFactory]","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fintegration-testing","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F11.integration-testing",{"title":1018,"path":1019,"stem":1020},"Інтеграційне тестування — Практика","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002F11a.integration-testing-practice","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F11a.integration-testing-practice",{"title":1022,"path":1023,"stem":1024},"Integration Testing — Частина 2 [Просунуті Сценарії та Testcontainers]","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fintegration-testing-advanced","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F12.integration-testing-advanced",{"title":1026,"path":1027,"stem":1028},"Професійний Postman: Колекції, Змінні та GitHub Інтеграція","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fpostman-professional","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F13.postman-professional",{"title":1030,"path":1031,"stem":1032},"HttpClient у Тестах Частина 1: Архітектура та MockHttpMessageHandler","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fhttpclient-testing","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F14.httpclient-testing",{"title":1034,"path":1035,"stem":1036},"HttpClient у Тестах Частина 2: WireMock.Net та Resilience","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fwiremock-net","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F15.wiremock-net",{"title":1038,"path":1039,"stem":1040},"Патерни та Анти-патерни Тестування: Test Smells","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Ftesting-patterns","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F16.testing-patterns",{"title":1042,"path":1043,"stem":1044},"Просунуті інструменти: Time, Snapshots та Властивості","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fadvanced-testing-tools","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F17.advanced-testing-tools",{"title":1046,"path":1047,"stem":1048},"Тестування Архітектури з NetArchTest","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Farchitecture-testing","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F18.architecture-testing",{"title":1050,"path":1051,"stem":1052},"Тестування Продуктивності: BenchmarkDotNet, NBomber та k6","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fperformance-testing","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002F19.performance-testing",{"title":1054,"path":1055,"stem":1056},"Залишок плану для курсу \"Тестування ASP.NET Minimal API\"","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Ftesting\u002Fremaining_plan","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F07.testing\u002Fremaining_plan",{"title":1058,"icon":1059,"path":1060,"stem":1061,"children":1062,"page":59},"Платежі","i-lucide-credit-card","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fpayments","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F08.payments",[1063,1067,1071,1075,1079,1083,1087,1091,1095,1099,1103,1107],{"title":1064,"path":1065,"stem":1066},"Основи платіжної інфраструктури","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fpayments\u002Fpayment-fundamentals","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F08.payments\u002F01.payment-fundamentals",{"title":1068,"path":1069,"stem":1070},"Методи оплати в Україні","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fpayments\u002Fpayment-methods-ukraine","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F08.payments\u002F02.payment-methods-ukraine",{"title":1072,"path":1073,"stem":1074},"PCI DSS та безпека платежів","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fpayments\u002Fpci-dss-security","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F08.payments\u002F03.pci-dss-security",{"title":1076,"path":1077,"stem":1078},"Архітектура платіжної підсистеми","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fpayments\u002Fpayment-architecture","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F08.payments\u002F04.payment-architecture",{"title":1080,"path":1081,"stem":1082},"Інтеграція LiqPay (ПриватБанк)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fpayments\u002Fliqpay-integration","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F08.payments\u002F05.liqpay-integration",{"title":1084,"path":1085,"stem":1086},"Інтеграція Monobank Acquiring API","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fpayments\u002Fmonobank-acquiring","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F08.payments\u002F06.monobank-acquiring",{"title":1088,"path":1089,"stem":1090},"Інтеграція Stripe","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fpayments\u002Fstripe-integration","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F08.payments\u002F07.stripe-integration",{"title":1092,"path":1093,"stem":1094},"Webhooks — глибоке занурення","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fpayments\u002Fwebhooks-deep-dive","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F08.payments\u002F08.webhooks-deep-dive",{"title":1096,"path":1097,"stem":1098},"Підписки та рекурентні платежі","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fpayments\u002Fsubscriptions-recurring","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F08.payments\u002F09.subscriptions-recurring",{"title":1100,"path":1101,"stem":1102},"Повернення коштів та диспути","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fpayments\u002Frefunds-disputes","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F08.payments\u002F10.refunds-disputes",{"title":1104,"path":1105,"stem":1106},"Тестування платіжних інтеграцій","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fpayments\u002Ftesting-payments","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F08.payments\u002F11.testing-payments",{"title":1108,"path":1109,"stem":1110},"Чекліст виходу в Production","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fpayments\u002Fproduction-checklist","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F08.payments\u002F12.production-checklist",{"title":1112,"icon":1113,"items":1114,"path":1127,"stem":1128,"children":1129,"page":59},"Популярні бібліотеки","lucide:box",[1115,1116,1117,1118,1119,1120,1121,1122,1123,1124,1125,1126],"01.fluent-validation","02.mapster","03.erroror-result-pattern","04.serilog","05.mediatr","06.polly","07.health-checks","08.feature-management","09.fluent-email","10.quest-pdf","11.bogus","12.humanizer-guard","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries",[1130,1134,1138,1142,1146,1150,1154,1158,1162,1166,1170,1174,1178],{"title":1131,"path":1132,"stem":1133},"Валідація з FluentValidation в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries\u002Ffluent-validation","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries\u002F01.fluent-validation",{"title":1135,"path":1136,"stem":1137},"Маппінг об","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries\u002Fmapster","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries\u002F02.mapster",{"title":1139,"path":1140,"stem":1141},"Обробка помилок з ErrorOr та Result Pattern в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries\u002Ferroror-result-pattern","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries\u002F03.erroror-result-pattern",{"title":1143,"path":1144,"stem":1145},"Структуроване логування з Serilog в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries\u002Fserilog","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries\u002F04.serilog",{"title":1147,"path":1148,"stem":1149},"CQRS та Mediator з MediatR в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries\u002Fmediatr","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries\u002F05.mediatr",{"title":1151,"path":1152,"stem":1153},"Відмовостійкість з Polly в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries\u002Fpolly","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries\u002F06.polly",{"title":1155,"path":1156,"stem":1157},"Health Checks в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries\u002Fhealth-checks","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries\u002F07.health-checks",{"title":1159,"path":1160,"stem":1161},"Feature Management та Feature Flags в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries\u002Ffeature-management","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries\u002F08.feature-management",{"title":1163,"path":1164,"stem":1165},"Відправка Email з FluentEmail в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries\u002Ffluent-email","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries\u002F09.fluent-email",{"title":1167,"path":1168,"stem":1169},"Генерація PDF з QuestPDF в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries\u002Fquest-pdf","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries\u002F10.quest-pdf",{"title":1171,"path":1172,"stem":1173},"Генерація тестових даних з Bogus в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries\u002Fbogus","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries\u002F11.bogus",{"title":1175,"path":1176,"stem":1177},"Humanizer та Guard Clauses в ASP.NET Core","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries\u002Fhumanizer-guard","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries\u002F12.humanizer-guard",{"title":1179,"path":1180,"stem":1181},"План модуля 10.libraries — Популярні бібліотеки ASP.NET","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Flibraries\u002Fplan","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F09.libraries\u002Fplan",{"title":1183,"icon":1184,"path":1185,"stem":1186,"children":1187,"page":59},"Razor Pages","i-lucide-layout-template","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Frazor-pages","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F10.razor-pages",[1188,1192,1196,1200,1204,1208],{"title":1189,"path":1190,"stem":1191},"Від Minimal API до Razor Pages: концептуальний перехід","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Frazor-pages\u002Ffrom-minimal-api","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F10.razor-pages\u002F01.from-minimal-api",{"title":1193,"path":1194,"stem":1195},"PageModel: логіка сторінки Razor Pages","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Frazor-pages\u002Fpage-model","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F10.razor-pages\u002F02.page-model",{"title":1197,"path":1198,"stem":1199},"Razor синтаксис: шаблонізатор у .cshtml","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Frazor-pages\u002Frazor-syntax","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F10.razor-pages\u002F03.razor-syntax",{"title":1201,"path":1202,"stem":1203},"Tag Helpers: типізований HTML","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Frazor-pages\u002Ftag-helpers","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F10.razor-pages\u002F04.tag-helpers",{"title":1205,"path":1206,"stem":1207},"Форми і валідація: повний цикл обробки даних","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Frazor-pages\u002Fforms-validation","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F10.razor-pages\u002F05.forms-validation",{"title":1209,"path":1210,"stem":1211},"Практичний проєкт: TaskManager на Razor Pages","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Frazor-pages\u002Fproject-task-manager","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F10.razor-pages\u002F06.project-task-manager",{"title":1213,"path":1214,"stem":1215,"children":1216,"page":59},"ASP.NET Core MVC","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc",[1217,1221,1225,1229,1233,1237,1241,1245,1249,1253,1257,1261,1265,1269,1273,1277,1281,1285],{"title":1218,"path":1219,"stem":1220},"Патерн MVC: архітектура, що змінила веб","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fmvc-pattern","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F01.mvc-pattern",{"title":1222,"path":1223,"stem":1224},"Від Razor Pages до MVC: концептуальний перехід","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Ffrom-razor-pages","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F02.from-razor-pages",{"title":1226,"path":1227,"stem":1228},"Controllers та Actions: серце MVC","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fcontrollers-actions","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F03.controllers-actions",{"title":1230,"path":1231,"stem":1232},"Маршрутизація в MVC: Convention vs Attribute Routing","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Frouting-mvc","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F04.routing-mvc",{"title":1234,"path":1235,"stem":1236},"Model Binding: від HTTP до C#","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fmodel-binding","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F05.model-binding",{"title":1238,"path":1239,"stem":1240},"Views, ViewData, ViewBag, TempData і ViewModel","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fviews-viewdata-tempdata","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F06.views-viewdata-tempdata",{"title":1242,"path":1243,"stem":1244},"Filters: аспектно-орієнтоване програмування в MVC","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Ffilters","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F07.filters",{"title":1246,"path":1247,"stem":1248},"Areas: структурування великих застосунків","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fareas","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F08.areas",{"title":1250,"path":1251,"stem":1252},"View Components: повторювані незалежні блоки UI","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fview-components","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F09.view-components",{"title":1254,"path":1255,"stem":1256},"Display та Editor Templates","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fdisplay-editor-templates","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F10.display-editor-templates",{"title":1258,"path":1259,"stem":1260},"Валідація: IValidatableObject та FluentValidation","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fvalidation-advanced","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F11.validation-advanced",{"title":1262,"path":1263,"stem":1264},"HTMX: інтерактивність через HTML-атрибути","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fhtmx","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F12.htmx",{"title":1266,"path":1267,"stem":1268},"HTMX у ASP.NET Core MVC: серверна інтеграція","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fajax-htmx-mvc","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F13.ajax-htmx-mvc",{"title":1270,"path":1271,"stem":1272},"Практичний проєкт: Каталог товарів з HTMX","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fhtmx-project","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F14.htmx-project",{"title":1274,"path":1275,"stem":1276},"Завантаження та обробка файлів","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Ffile-upload","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F15.file-upload",{"title":1278,"path":1279,"stem":1280},"Глобалізація та Локалізація MVC","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fglobalization-localization","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F16.globalization-localization",{"title":1282,"path":1283,"stem":1284},"Підсумковий проєкт: Блог-платформа","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fmvc-project","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002F17.mvc-project",{"title":1286,"path":1287,"stem":1288},"План курсу: ASP.NET Core MVC","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmvc\u002Fplan","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F11.mvc\u002Fplan",{"title":1290,"path":1291,"stem":1292,"children":1293,"page":59},"Web Api","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api",[1294,1298,1302,1306,1310,1314,1318,1322,1326,1330,1334,1338,1342],{"title":1295,"path":1296,"stem":1297},"Від Minimal API до Controller-based API","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api\u002Ffrom-minimal-api-to-controllers","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api\u002F01.from-minimal-api-to-controllers",{"title":1299,"path":1300,"stem":1301},"ControllerBase, ActionResult\u003CT> та Response Types","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api\u002Fcontroller-base-actionresult","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api\u002F02.controller-base-actionresult",{"title":1303,"path":1304,"stem":1305},"Content Negotiation - JSON, XML та власні форматери","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api\u002Fcontent-negotiation","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api\u002F03.content-negotiation",{"title":1307,"path":1308,"stem":1309},"Версіонування API","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api\u002Fapi-versioning","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api\u002F04.api-versioning",{"title":1311,"path":1312,"stem":1313},"ProblemDetails та структурована обробка помилок","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api\u002Fproblemdetails-error-handling","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api\u002F05.problemdetails-error-handling",{"title":1315,"path":1316,"stem":1317},"Фільтри у Web API контексті","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api\u002Ffilters-for-api","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api\u002F06.filters-for-api",{"title":1319,"path":1320,"stem":1321},"Пагінація, фільтрація та сортування","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api\u002Fpagination-filtering-sorting","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api\u002F07.pagination-filtering-sorting",{"title":1323,"path":1324,"stem":1325},"HATEOAS та Resource Expansion","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api\u002Fhateoas-resource-expansion","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api\u002F08.hateoas-resource-expansion",{"title":1327,"path":1328,"stem":1329},"Гібридна архітектура - Minimal API + Controllers","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api\u002Fminimal-api-vs-controllers-hybrid","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api\u002F09.minimal-api-vs-controllers-hybrid",{"title":1331,"path":1332,"stem":1333},"Документація API - Swashbuckle, NSwag та генерація клієнтів","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api\u002Fapi-documentation-generation","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api\u002F10.api-documentation-generation",{"title":1335,"path":1336,"stem":1337},"Health Checks та моніторинг API","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api\u002Fhealth-checks-monitoring","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api\u002F11.health-checks-monitoring",{"title":1339,"path":1340,"stem":1341},"Підсумковий проєкт - Production-Ready REST API","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api\u002Fweb-api-project","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api\u002F12.web-api-project",{"title":1343,"path":1344,"stem":1345},"План курсу: ASP.NET Core Web API (Controllers)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fweb-api\u002Fplan","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F12.web-api\u002Fplan",{"title":1347,"icon":1348,"path":1349,"stem":1350,"children":1351,"page":59},"Моніторинг","i-lucide-activity","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmonitoring","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F13.monitoring",[1352,1356,1360],{"title":1353,"path":1354,"stem":1355},"Спостережуваність: від console.log до production-систем","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmonitoring\u002Fobservability-intro","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F13.monitoring\u002F01.observability-intro",{"title":1357,"path":1358,"stem":1359},"Health Checks: перший рівень observability","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmonitoring\u002Fhealth-checks","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F13.monitoring\u002F02.health-checks",{"title":1361,"path":1362,"stem":1363},"Вбудовані метрики .NET 10 та System.Diagnostics.Metrics","\u002Fcsharp\u002Faspnet\u002Fmonitoring\u002Fdotnet-metrics","01.csharp\u002F11.aspnet\u002F13.monitoring\u002F03.dotnet-metrics",{"title":1365,"icon":1366,"path":1367,"stem":1368,"children":1369,"page":59},"Desktop UI","i-lucide-app-window","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui",[1370,1374,1378,1382,1386,1390,1394,1398,1402,1406,1410,1414,1418,1422,1426,1430,1434,1438,1442,1446,1450,1454,1458,1462,1466,1470,1474,1478,1482,1486,1490,1494,1498,1502,1506,1510,1514,1518,1522,1526,1530,1534,1538,1542,1546,1550,1554,1558,1562,1566,1570,1574,1578,1582,1586,1590,1594,1598,1602,1606,1610,1614,1618,1622,1626,1630,1634,1638,1642,1646,1650],{"title":1371,"path":1372,"stem":1373},"Що таке десктопна розробка?","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fwhat-is-desktop-dev","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F01.what-is-desktop-dev",{"title":1375,"path":1376,"stem":1377},"Архітектура WPF — як влаштований графічний інтерфейс","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fwpf-architecture","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F02.wpf-architecture",{"title":1379,"path":1380,"stem":1381},"Перший WPF-проєкт — від нуля до вікна","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Ffirst-wpf-app","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F03.first-wpf-app",{"title":1383,"path":1384,"stem":1385},"Перший Avalonia-проєкт: WPF для всіх платформ","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F03a.first-avalonia-app","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F03a.first-avalonia-app",{"title":1387,"path":1388,"stem":1389},"XAML: декларативний інтерфейс","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fxaml-basics","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F04.xaml-basics",{"title":1391,"path":1392,"stem":1393},"Fluent UI у WPF — сучасний дизайн Windows 11","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F04a.wpf-fluent-ui","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F04a.wpf-fluent-ui",{"title":1395,"path":1396,"stem":1397},"WPF UI — сучасна бібліотека Fluent контролів","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F04b.wpf-ui-library","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F04b.wpf-ui-library",{"title":1399,"path":1400,"stem":1401},"HandyControl — велика бібліотека UI контролів для WPF","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F04c.handycontrol-library","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F04c.handycontrol-library",{"title":1403,"path":1404,"stem":1405},"Простори імен та ресурси XAML","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fxaml-namespaces-resources","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F05.xaml-namespaces-resources",{"title":1407,"path":1408,"stem":1409},"XAML в Avalonia: ключові відмінності від WPF","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F05a.avalonia-xaml-differences","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F05a.avalonia-xaml-differences",{"title":1411,"path":1412,"stem":1413},"Розширення розмітки XAML (Markup Extensions)","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fxaml-markup-extensions","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F06.xaml-markup-extensions",{"title":1415,"path":1416,"stem":1417},"Панелі Layout: StackPanel, WrapPanel, DockPanel","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Flayout-panels-part1","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F07.layout-panels-part1",{"title":1419,"path":1420,"stem":1421},"Grid, Canvas, UniformGrid","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Flayout-panels-part2","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F07.layout-panels-part2",{"title":1423,"path":1424,"stem":1425},"Просунуті техніки Layout","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Flayout-advanced","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F08.layout-advanced",{"title":1427,"path":1428,"stem":1429},"Адаптивний Layout та найкращі практики","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Flayout-responsive","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F09.layout-responsive",{"title":1431,"path":1432,"stem":1433},"Layout в Avalonia: відмінності та нові можливості","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F09a.layout-avalonia","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F09a.layout-avalonia",{"title":1435,"path":1436,"stem":1437},"Button, Image, ProgressBar та інші базові контроли","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fbasic-controls","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F10.basic-controls",{"title":1439,"path":1440,"stem":1441},"Контроли в Avalonia: відмінності від WPF","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F10a.controls-avalonia","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F10a.controls-avalonia",{"title":1443,"path":1444,"stem":1445},"Текстові контроли — TextBlock, TextBox, RichTextBox","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Ftext-controls","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F11.text-controls",{"title":1447,"path":1448,"stem":1449},"Контроли вибору — CheckBox, RadioButton, ComboBox, ListBox, DatePicker","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fselection-controls","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F12.selection-controls",{"title":1451,"path":1452,"stem":1453},"Content Model — GroupBox, Expander, TabControl, StatusBar","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fcontent-controls","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F13.content-controls",{"title":1455,"path":1456,"stem":1457},"UI\u002FUX принципи десктопних застосунків","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F13a.ui-ux-principles","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F13a.ui-ux-principles",{"title":1459,"path":1460,"stem":1461},"Dependency Properties — Концепція та Value Resolution","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fdependency-properties-part1","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F14.dependency-properties-part1",{"title":1463,"path":1464,"stem":1465},"Avalonia Property System — StyledProperty та DirectProperty","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F14a.avalonia-property-system","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F14a.avalonia-property-system",{"title":1467,"path":1468,"stem":1469},"Attached Properties — Властивості без меж","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fattached-properties","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F15.attached-properties",{"title":1471,"path":1472,"stem":1473},"Routed Events — Маршрутизація подій у WPF","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Frouted-events","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F16.routed-events",{"title":1475,"path":1476,"stem":1477},"Data Binding — Від Code-Behind до Декларативності","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fdata-binding-basics-part1","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F17.data-binding-basics-part1",{"title":1479,"path":1480,"stem":1481},"INotifyPropertyChanged — Живе оновлення UI","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fdata-binding-basics-part2","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F17.data-binding-basics-part2",{"title":1483,"path":1484,"stem":1485},"Compiled Bindings в Avalonia — Безпека на етапі компіляції","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F17a.avalonia-compiled-bindings","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F17a.avalonia-compiled-bindings",{"title":1487,"path":1488,"stem":1489},"Просунутий Data Binding — ElementName, RelativeSource, MultiBinding","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fdata-binding-advanced","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F18.data-binding-advanced",{"title":1491,"path":1492,"stem":1493},"Value Converters — Перетворення типів даних у Data Binding","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fvalue-converters","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F19.value-converters",{"title":1495,"path":1496,"stem":1497},"Data Templates — Візуалізація об'єктів у WPF","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fdata-templates","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F20.data-templates",{"title":1499,"path":1500,"stem":1501},"Collections Binding Part 1 — ObservableCollection та ItemsControl","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fcollections-binding-part1","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F21.collections-binding-part1",{"title":1503,"path":1504,"stem":1505},"Collections Binding Part 2 — ICollectionView, Filtering, Sorting та Virtualization","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fcollections-binding-part2","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F21.collections-binding-part2",{"title":1507,"path":1508,"stem":1509},"MVVM Pattern — Від Spaghetti Code до архітектури","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fmvvm-pattern","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F22.mvvm-pattern",{"title":1511,"path":1512,"stem":1513},"ViewModel Implementation — Від BaseViewModel до валідації","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fviewmodel-implementation","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F23.viewmodel-implementation",{"title":1515,"path":1516,"stem":1517},"Commands — Від event handlers до декларативних команд","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fcommands","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F24.commands",{"title":1519,"path":1520,"stem":1521},"MVVM Toolkit — MVVM без boilerplate через Source Generators","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fmvvm-toolkit","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F25.mvvm-toolkit",{"title":1523,"path":1524,"stem":1525},"Messenger Pattern — Комунікація між ViewModel без прямих посилань","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fmessenger-pattern","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F26.messenger-pattern",{"title":1527,"path":1528,"stem":1529},"Стилі WPF — CSS для десктопу","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fstyles-basics","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F27.styles-basics",{"title":1531,"path":1532,"stem":1533},"CSS-like стилі Avalonia","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F27a.avalonia-css-styling","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F27a.avalonia-css-styling",{"title":1535,"path":1536,"stem":1537},"Control Templates — Частина 1. Концепція та TemplateBinding","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fcontrol-templates-part1","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F28.control-templates-part1",{"title":1539,"path":1540,"stem":1541},"Control Templates — Частина 2. Named Parts та ContentPresenter","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fcontrol-templates-part2","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F28.control-templates-part2",{"title":1543,"path":1544,"stem":1545},"Control Themes в Avalonia — нова ера стилізації","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F28a.avalonia-control-themes","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F28a.avalonia-control-themes",{"title":1547,"path":1548,"stem":1549},"Triggers та Visual State Manager у WPF","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Ftriggers-visual-states","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F29.triggers-visual-states",{"title":1551,"path":1552,"stem":1553},"Pseudo-classes в Avalonia — замість WPF Triggers","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F29a.avalonia-pseudo-classes","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F29a.avalonia-pseudo-classes",{"title":1555,"path":1556,"stem":1557},"Теми та ресурсні словники у WPF","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fresources-themes","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F30.resources-themes",{"title":1559,"path":1560,"stem":1561},"Avalonia Themes — Fluent Design та система тематизації","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F30a.avalonia-themes-fluent","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F30a.avalonia-themes-fluent",{"title":1563,"path":1564,"stem":1565},"Контроли колекцій — глибоке занурення","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fcollection-controls","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F31.collection-controls",{"title":1567,"path":1568,"stem":1569},"DataGrid — колонки та базове відображення","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fdatagrid-part1","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F32.datagrid-part1",{"title":1571,"path":1572,"stem":1573},"DataGrid — сортування, фільтрація, редагування","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fdatagrid-part2","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F32.datagrid-part2",{"title":1575,"path":1576,"stem":1577},"TreeView та GridView","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Ftreeview-listview","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F33.treeview-listview",{"title":1579,"path":1580,"stem":1581},"Меню, Toolbar, ContextMenu, StatusBar","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fmenus-toolbars","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F34.menus-toolbars",{"title":1583,"path":1584,"stem":1585},"Навігація та керування вікнами. Частина 1: вікна та сторінки","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fnavigation-windows-part1","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F35.navigation-windows-part1",{"title":1587,"path":1588,"stem":1589},"Навігація та керування вікнами. Частина 2: MVVM-навігація","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fnavigation-windows-part2","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F35.navigation-windows-part2",{"title":1591,"path":1592,"stem":1593},"Avalonia — Навігація та діалоги","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F35a.avalonia-navigation-dialogs","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F35a.avalonia-navigation-dialogs",{"title":1595,"path":1596,"stem":1597},"Діалоги та File Pickers у WPF","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fdialogs-file-pickers","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F36.dialogs-file-pickers",{"title":1599,"path":1600,"stem":1601},"UserControl: компонентний підхід у WPF","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fuser-controls","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F37.user-controls",{"title":1603,"path":1604,"stem":1605},"Custom Controls: Lookless Controls у WPF","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fcustom-controls","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F38.custom-controls",{"title":1607,"path":1608,"stem":1609},"Avalonia TemplatedControl — Lookless Controls","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F38a.avalonia-templated-controls","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F38a.avalonia-templated-controls",{"title":1611,"path":1612,"stem":1613},"Анімації у WPF: Storyboard та Easing Functions","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fanimations-transitions","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F39.animations-transitions",{"title":1615,"path":1616,"stem":1617},"Анімації в Avalonia","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F39a.avalonia-animations","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F39a.avalonia-animations",{"title":1619,"path":1620,"stem":1621},"2D Графіка та Мультимедіа у WPF","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fmedia-graphics","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F40.media-graphics",{"title":1623,"path":1624,"stem":1625},"Dependency Injection у WPF та Avalonia","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fdi-integration","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F41.di-integration",{"title":1627,"path":1628,"stem":1629},"SQLite та EF Core у десктопних додатках","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fdata-persistence-part1","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F42.data-persistence-part1",{"title":1631,"path":1632,"stem":1633},"Repository Pattern та Unit of Work","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fdata-persistence-part2","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F43.data-persistence-part2",{"title":1635,"path":1636,"stem":1637},"Тестування ViewModels","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fviewmodel-testing","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F44.viewmodel-testing",{"title":1639,"path":1640,"stem":1641},"Avalonia Headless Testing — тестування UI без вікон","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002F44a.avalonia-headless-testing","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F44a.avalonia-headless-testing",{"title":1643,"path":1644,"stem":1645},"Кросплатформна розробка з Avalonia","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Favalonia-cross-platform","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F45.avalonia-cross-platform",{"title":1647,"path":1648,"stem":1649},"Пакування та розгортання Avalonia додатків","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Favalonia-packaging-deployment","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F46.avalonia-packaging-deployment",{"title":1651,"path":1652,"stem":1653},"Розгортання WPF застосунків","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fdesktop-ui\u002Fwpf-packaging-deployment","01.csharp\u002F12.desktop-ui\u002F47.wpf-packaging-deployment",{"title":1655,"icon":658,"path":1656,"stem":1657,"children":1658,"page":59},"Network Programming","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fnetwork-programming","01.csharp\u002F13.network-programming",[1659,1663,1667,1671,1675,1679,1683,1687,1691,1695,1699],{"title":1660,"path":1661,"stem":1662},"Основи комп'ютерних мереж","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fnetwork-programming\u002Ffoundations","01.csharp\u002F13.network-programming\u002F01.foundations",{"title":1664,"path":1665,"stem":1666},"Модель OSI та стек TCP\u002FIP","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fnetwork-programming\u002Fosi-model","01.csharp\u002F13.network-programming\u002F02.osi-model",{"title":1668,"path":1669,"stem":1670},"IP-протокол та адресація","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fnetwork-programming\u002Fip-addressing","01.csharp\u002F13.network-programming\u002F03.ip-addressing",{"title":1672,"path":1673,"stem":1674},"UDP — протокол без з'єднання","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fnetwork-programming\u002Fudp","01.csharp\u002F13.network-programming\u002F05.udp",{"title":1676,"path":1677,"stem":1678},"UDP Broadcast та Multicast","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fnetwork-programming\u002Fudp-broadcast-multicast","01.csharp\u002F13.network-programming\u002F06.udp-broadcast-multicast",{"title":1680,"path":1681,"stem":1682},"HTTP — протокол вебу","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fnetwork-programming\u002Fhttp-fundamentals","01.csharp\u002F13.network-programming\u002F07.http-fundamentals",{"title":1684,"path":1685,"stem":1686},"HttpListener — вбудований HTTP-сервер .NET","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fnetwork-programming\u002F07a.http-listener","01.csharp\u002F13.network-programming\u002F07a.http-listener",{"title":1688,"path":1689,"stem":1690},"HTTP Advanced — cookies, аутентифікація та HTTPS","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fnetwork-programming\u002Fhttp-advanced","01.csharp\u002F13.network-programming\u002F08.http-advanced",{"title":1692,"path":1693,"stem":1694},"SMTP та протоколи електронної пошти","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fnetwork-programming\u002Fsmtp","01.csharp\u002F13.network-programming\u002F09.smtp",{"title":1696,"path":1697,"stem":1698},"WebSocket — повнодуплексний протокол реального часу","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fnetwork-programming\u002Fwebsockets","01.csharp\u002F13.network-programming\u002F10.websockets",{"title":1700,"path":1701,"stem":1702},"TLS\u002FSSL — криптографічний захист мережевих з'єднань","\u002Fcsharp\u002Fnetwork-programming\u002Ftls-ssl","01.csharp\u002F13.network-programming\u002F11.tls-ssl",{"title":1704,"path":1705,"stem":1706},"C# & .NET: The Ultimate Roadmap","\u002Fcsharp\u002Froadmap","01.csharp\u002Froadmap",{"title":1708,"icon":1709,"path":1710,"stem":1711,"children":1712,"page":59},"C++","i-devicon-cplusplus","\u002Fcpp","02.cpp",[1713,1717,1721,1725,1729,1733,1737,1741,1745,1748,1752,1756,1760,1764,1768,1772,1776,1780,1784,1788,1792,1796,1800,1804,1808,1812,1816,1820,1824,1828,1832,1836,1840,1844,1848,1852,1856,1860,1864,1868,1872,1876,1880,1884,1888,1892,1896,1900,1904,1908,1912,1916,1920,1924,1928,1932,1936,1940,1944,1948,1952,1956,1960,1964,1968,1972,1976,1980,1984,1988,1992,1996,2000,2004,2008,2012,2016,2020,2024,2028,2032,2036,2040,2044,2048,2052,2056,2060,2064,2068,2072,2076,2080],{"title":1714,"path":1715,"stem":1716},"Вступ у програмування та алгоритми","\u002Fcpp\u002Fintro-algorithms","02.cpp\u002F01.intro-algorithms",{"title":1718,"path":1719,"stem":1720},"Code Style: угоди про оформлення коду","\u002Fcpp\u002Fcode-style","02.cpp\u002F02.code-style",{"title":1722,"path":1723,"stem":1724},"Середовище розробки та перший проєкт","\u002Fcpp\u002Fide-setup","02.cpp\u002F03.ide-setup",{"title":1726,"path":1727,"stem":1728},"Вивід даних на екран","\u002Fcpp\u002Fdata-output","02.cpp\u002F04.data-output",{"title":1730,"path":1731,"stem":1732},"Типи даних, змінні та константи","\u002Fcpp\u002Fdata-types-variables","02.cpp\u002F05.data-types-variables",{"title":1734,"path":1735,"stem":1736},"Ввід даних з клавіатури","\u002Fcpp\u002Fdata-input","02.cpp\u002F06.data-input",{"title":1738,"path":1739,"stem":1740},"Оператори, перетворення типів та логічні операції","\u002Fcpp\u002Foperators-type-conversion","02.cpp\u002F07.operators-type-conversion",{"title":1742,"path":1743,"stem":1744},"Цикли","\u002Fcpp\u002Floops","02.cpp\u002F08.loops",{"title":32,"path":1746,"stem":1747},"\u002Fcpp\u002Farrays","02.cpp\u002F09.arrays",{"title":1749,"path":1750,"stem":1751},"Алгоритми сортування та аналіз складності","\u002Fcpp\u002Fsorting","02.cpp\u002F10.sorting",{"title":1753,"path":1754,"stem":1755},"Алгоритми пошуку","\u002Fcpp\u002Fsearching","02.cpp\u002F11.searching",{"title":1757,"path":1758,"stem":1759},"Функції: основи","\u002Fcpp\u002Ffunctions-basics","02.cpp\u002F12.functions-basics",{"title":1761,"path":1762,"stem":1763},"Функції: прототипи, область видимості та додаткові можливості","\u002Fcpp\u002Ffunctions-scope","02.cpp\u002F13.functions-scope",{"title":1765,"path":1766,"stem":1767},"Функції: перевантаження та шаблони","\u002Fcpp\u002Ffunctions-overloading-templates","02.cpp\u002F14.functions-overloading-templates",{"title":1769,"path":1770,"stem":1771},"Вказівники: основи","\u002Fcpp\u002Fpointers-basics","02.cpp\u002F15.pointers-basics",{"title":1773,"path":1774,"stem":1775},"Посилання (References)","\u002Fcpp\u002Freferences","02.cpp\u002F16.references",{"title":1777,"path":1778,"stem":1779},"Вказівники, const і масиви","\u002Fcpp\u002Fpointers-const-arrays","02.cpp\u002F17.pointers-const-arrays",{"title":1781,"path":1782,"stem":1783},"Адресна арифметика","\u002Fcpp\u002Fpointer-arithmetic","02.cpp\u002F18.pointer-arithmetic",{"title":1785,"path":1786,"stem":1787},"Динамічна пам'ять","\u002Fcpp\u002Fdynamic-memory","02.cpp\u002F19.dynamic-memory",{"title":1789,"path":1790,"stem":1791},"Вказівники типу void","\u002Fcpp\u002Fvoid-pointers","02.cpp\u002F20.void-pointers",{"title":1793,"path":1794,"stem":1795},"Вказівники на вказівники","\u002Fcpp\u002Fpointers-to-pointers","02.cpp\u002F21.pointers-to-pointers",{"title":1797,"path":1798,"stem":1799},"Оператор доступу до членів через вказівник (->)","\u002Fcpp\u002Fmember-access-operator","02.cpp\u002F22.member-access-operator",{"title":1801,"path":1802,"stem":1803},"Цикл for-each (Range-based for)","\u002Fcpp\u002Fforeach-loop","02.cpp\u002F23.foreach-loop",{"title":1805,"path":1806,"stem":1807},"Вказівники на функції","\u002Fcpp\u002Ffunction-pointers","02.cpp\u002F24.function-pointers",{"title":1809,"path":1810,"stem":1811},"Лямбда-вирази","\u002Fcpp\u002Flambdas","02.cpp\u002F25.lambdas",{"title":1813,"path":1814,"stem":1815},"Лямбда-захоплення","\u002Fcpp\u002Flambda-captures","02.cpp\u002F26.lambda-captures",{"title":1817,"path":1818,"stem":1819},"Еліпсис","\u002Fcpp\u002Fellipsis","02.cpp\u002F27.ellipsis",{"title":1821,"path":1822,"stem":1823},"Безпечні альтернативи еліпсису","\u002Fcpp\u002F27a.ellipsis","02.cpp\u002F27a.ellipsis",{"title":1825,"path":1826,"stem":1827},"Аргументи командного рядка","\u002Fcpp\u002Fcommand-line-arguments","02.cpp\u002F28.command-line-arguments",{"title":1829,"path":1830,"stem":1831},"Перерахування (enum)","\u002Fcpp\u002Fenum","02.cpp\u002F29.enum",{"title":1833,"path":1834,"stem":1835},"Класи-перерахування (enum class)","\u002Fcpp\u002Fenum-class","02.cpp\u002F30.enum-class",{"title":1837,"path":1838,"stem":1839},"Псевдоніми типів (typedef і using)","\u002Fcpp\u002Ftype-aliases","02.cpp\u002F31.type-aliases",{"title":1841,"path":1842,"stem":1843},"Системи числення та двійкова арифметика","\u002Fcpp\u002Fnumber-systems","02.cpp\u002F32.number-systems",{"title":1845,"path":1846,"stem":1847},"Структури (struct): агрегування даних","\u002Fcpp\u002Fstruct","02.cpp\u002F33.struct",{"title":1849,"path":1850,"stem":1851},"Структури у функціях","\u002Fcpp\u002Fstruct-functions","02.cpp\u002F34.struct-functions",{"title":1853,"path":1854,"stem":1855},"Масиви структур і вкладені структури","\u002Fcpp\u002Fstruct-arrays","02.cpp\u002F35.struct-arrays",{"title":1857,"path":1858,"stem":1859},"Патерни struct та межі застосування","\u002Fcpp\u002Fstruct-patterns","02.cpp\u002F36.struct-patterns",{"title":1861,"path":1862,"stem":1863},"Символи та таблиця ASCII","\u002Fcpp\u002Fascii-characters","02.cpp\u002F37.ascii-characters",{"title":1865,"path":1866,"stem":1867},"Unicode та кодування UTF","\u002Fcpp\u002Funicode-utf","02.cpp\u002F38.unicode-utf",{"title":1869,"path":1870,"stem":1871},"C-style рядки","\u002Fcpp\u002Fc-strings","02.cpp\u002F39.c-strings",{"title":1873,"path":1874,"stem":1875},"Вступ до std::string","\u002Fcpp\u002Fstd-string-intro","02.cpp\u002F40.std-string-intro",{"title":1877,"path":1878,"stem":1879},"Довжина, ємність та доступ до символів std::string","\u002Fcpp\u002Fstd-string-capacity-access","02.cpp\u002F41.std-string-capacity-access",{"title":1881,"path":1882,"stem":1883},"Модифікація std::string: присвоювання, додавання, вставка, видалення та заміна","\u002Fcpp\u002Fstd-string-modification","02.cpp\u002F42.std-string-modification",{"title":1885,"path":1886,"stem":1887},"Пошук у std::string: find, npos та практичні патерни","\u002Fcpp\u002Fstd-string-search","02.cpp\u002F43.std-string-search",{"title":1889,"path":1890,"stem":1891},"std::string_view: невласницький погляд на рядок без копіювання","\u002Fcpp\u002Fstd-string-view","02.cpp\u002F44.std-string-view",{"title":1893,"path":1894,"stem":1895},"Об'єднання (union): один блок пам'яті, кілька інтерпретацій","\u002Fcpp\u002Funion","02.cpp\u002F45.union",{"title":1897,"path":1898,"stem":1899},"Організація коду: файли, препроцесор, простори імен","\u002Fcpp\u002Fmultifile-programs","02.cpp\u002F46.multifile-programs",{"title":1901,"path":1902,"stem":1903},"Робота з файлами: C-стиль (stdio.h)","\u002Fcpp\u002Fc-style-files","02.cpp\u002F47.c-style-files",{"title":1905,"path":1906,"stem":1907},"Робота з файлами: C++-стиль (fstream)","\u002Fcpp\u002Fcpp-style-files","02.cpp\u002F48.cpp-style-files",{"title":1909,"path":1910,"stem":1911},"Введення в ООП: від процедур до об'єктів","\u002Fcpp\u002Foop-intro","02.cpp\u002F49.oop-intro",{"title":1913,"path":1914,"stem":1915},"Класи, об'єкти та методи","\u002Fcpp\u002Fclasses-objects-methods","02.cpp\u002F50.classes-objects-methods",{"title":1917,"path":1918,"stem":1919},"Специфікатори доступу та інкапсуляція","\u002Fcpp\u002Faccess-specifiers-encapsulation","02.cpp\u002F51.access-specifiers-encapsulation",{"title":1921,"path":1922,"stem":1923},"Конструктори: гарантована ініціалізація об'єктів","\u002Fcpp\u002Fconstructors","02.cpp\u002F52.constructors",{"title":1925,"path":1926,"stem":1927},"Списки ініціалізації та делегуючі конструктори","\u002Fcpp\u002Finit-lists-delegating","02.cpp\u002F53.init-lists-delegating",{"title":1929,"path":1930,"stem":1931},"Деструктори та ідіома RAII","\u002Fcpp\u002Fdestructors-raii","02.cpp\u002F54.destructors-raii",{"title":1933,"path":1934,"stem":1935},"Прихований покажчик this","\u002Fcpp\u002Fthis-pointer","02.cpp\u002F55.this-pointer",{"title":1937,"path":1938,"stem":1939},"Розподіл класу на заголовковий файл та файл реалізації","\u002Fcpp\u002Fclass-header-source","02.cpp\u002F56.class-header-source",{"title":1941,"path":1942,"stem":1943},"Класи та const","\u002Fcpp\u002Fconst-classes","02.cpp\u002F57.const-classes",{"title":1945,"path":1946,"stem":1947},"Статичні члени класу","\u002Fcpp\u002Fstatic-members","02.cpp\u002F58.static-members",{"title":1949,"path":1950,"stem":1951},"Конструктор копіювання та запобігання копіюванню","\u002Fcpp\u002Fcopy-constructor","02.cpp\u002F59.copy-constructor",{"title":1953,"path":1954,"stem":1955},"Дружні функції та класи","\u002Fcpp\u002Ffriend-functions-classes","02.cpp\u002F60.friend-functions-classes",{"title":1957,"path":1958,"stem":1959},"Анонімні об'єкти та вкладені типи","\u002Fcpp\u002Fanonymous-objects-nested-types","02.cpp\u002F61.anonymous-objects-nested-types",{"title":1961,"path":1962,"stem":1963},"Вимірювання часу виконання: RAII-таймер","\u002Fcpp\u002Ftiming-raii-timer","02.cpp\u002F62.timing-raii-timer",{"title":1965,"path":1966,"stem":1967},"Перевантаження операторів: основи та арифметика","\u002Fcpp\u002Foperator-overloading-basics","02.cpp\u002F63.operator-overloading-basics",{"title":1969,"path":1970,"stem":1971},"Перевантаження операторів: методи класу та спеціальні оператори","\u002Fcpp\u002Foperator-overloading-methods","02.cpp\u002F64.operator-overloading-methods",{"title":1973,"path":1974,"stem":1975},"Приведення типів, explicit та delete","\u002Fcpp\u002Ftypecast-explicit-delete","02.cpp\u002F65.typecast-explicit-delete",{"title":1977,"path":1978,"stem":1979},"Глибоке копіювання та оператор присвоювання","\u002Fcpp\u002Fdeep-copy-assignment","02.cpp\u002F66.deep-copy-assignment",{"title":1981,"path":1982,"stem":1983},"Зв'язки між об'єктами: композиція та агрегація","\u002Fcpp\u002Fcomposition-aggregation","02.cpp\u002F67.composition-aggregation",{"title":1985,"path":1986,"stem":1987},"Асоціація та залежність між об","\u002Fcpp\u002Fassociation-dependency","02.cpp\u002F68.association-dependency",{"title":1989,"path":1990,"stem":1991},"Контейнерні класи та `std::initializer_list`","\u002Fcpp\u002Fcontainer-classes-initializer-list","02.cpp\u002F69.container-classes-initializer-list",{"title":1993,"path":1994,"stem":1995},"Вступ до наслідування: базові поняття та відношення «is-a»","\u002Fcpp\u002Finheritance-intro","02.cpp\u002F70.inheritance-intro",{"title":1997,"path":1998,"stem":1999},"Конструктори, деструктори та порядок ініціалізації в ієрархіях","\u002Fcpp\u002Finheritance-constructors-destructors","02.cpp\u002F71.inheritance-constructors-destructors",{"title":2001,"path":2002,"stem":2003},"Специфікатор `protected` та види наслідування","\u002Fcpp\u002Finheritance-access-specifiers","02.cpp\u002F72.inheritance-access-specifiers",{"title":2005,"path":2006,"stem":2007},"Перевизначення методів та приховування імен","\u002Fcpp\u002Fmethod-overriding-hiding","02.cpp\u002F73.method-overriding-hiding",{"title":2009,"path":2010,"stem":2011},"Множинне наслідування та проблема ромба","\u002Fcpp\u002Fmultiple-inheritance-diamond","02.cpp\u002F74.multiple-inheritance-diamond",{"title":2013,"path":2014,"stem":2015},"Вказівники на базовий клас та віртуальні функції","\u002Fcpp\u002Fvirtual-functions-polymorphism","02.cpp\u002F75.virtual-functions-polymorphism",{"title":2017,"path":2018,"stem":2019},"Специфікатори override, final та віртуальні деструктори","\u002Fcpp\u002Foverride-final-virtual-destructors","02.cpp\u002F76.override-final-virtual-destructors",{"title":2021,"path":2022,"stem":2023},"Внутрішні механізми поліморфізму: vtable, vptr та зв'язування","\u002Fcpp\u002Fvirtual-table-binding","02.cpp\u002F77.virtual-table-binding",{"title":2025,"path":2026,"stem":2027},"Абстрактні класи та чисті віртуальні функції","\u002Fcpp\u002Fabstract-classes-interfaces","02.cpp\u002F78.abstract-classes-interfaces",{"title":2029,"path":2030,"stem":2031},"Зрізка об'єктів, віртуальне наслідування та поліморфний вивід","\u002Fcpp\u002Fslicing-virtual-base-io","02.cpp\u002F79.slicing-virtual-base-io",{"title":2033,"path":2034,"stem":2035},"Динамічне приведення типів (`dynamic_cast`) та RTTI","\u002Fcpp\u002Fdynamic-cast-rtti","02.cpp\u002F80.dynamic-cast-rtti",{"title":2037,"path":2038,"stem":2039},"Шаблони функцій: узагальнене програмування","\u002Fcpp\u002Ffunction-templates","02.cpp\u002F81.function-templates",{"title":2041,"path":2042,"stem":2043},"Шаблони класів та NTTP-параметри","\u002Fcpp\u002Fclass-templates-nttp","02.cpp\u002F82.class-templates-nttp",{"title":2045,"path":2046,"stem":2047},"Повна (явна) спеціалізація шаблонів","\u002Fcpp\u002Ffull-template-specialization","02.cpp\u002F83.full-template-specialization",{"title":2049,"path":2050,"stem":2051},"Часткова спеціалізація шаблонів класів","\u002Fcpp\u002Fpartial-template-specialization","02.cpp\u002F84.partial-template-specialization",{"title":2053,"path":2054,"stem":2055},"Механізм винятків: try, catch, throw та розкручування стеку","\u002Fcpp\u002Fexceptions-basics","02.cpp\u002F85.exceptions-basics",{"title":2057,"path":2058,"stem":2059},"Ієрархія std::exception та власні класи винятків","\u002Fcpp\u002Fexception-hierarchy-custom","02.cpp\u002F86.exception-hierarchy-custom",{"title":2061,"path":2062,"stem":2063},"Повторне генерування винятків та функціональний try-блок","\u002Fcpp\u002Frethrow-function-try","02.cpp\u002F87.rethrow-function-try",{"title":2065,"path":2066,"stem":2067},"Безпека винятків, noexcept та деструктори","\u002Fcpp\u002Fsafety-noexcept","02.cpp\u002F88.safety-noexcept",{"title":2069,"path":2070,"stem":2071},"Стаття 89 — Власні структури даних: стек та черга","\u002Fcpp\u002Fcustom-stack-queue","02.cpp\u002F89.custom-stack-queue",{"title":2073,"path":2074,"stem":2075},"Стаття 90 — Власні структури даних: однозв'язаний список","\u002Fcpp\u002Flinked-list","02.cpp\u002F90.linked-list",{"title":2077,"path":2078,"stem":2079},"Стаття 91 — Власні структури даних: бінарне дерево пошуку","\u002Fcpp\u002Fbinary-search-tree","02.cpp\u002F91.binary-search-tree",{"title":2081,"path":2082,"stem":2083},"Стаття 92 — Власні структури даних: хеш-таблиця","\u002Fcpp\u002Fhash-table","02.cpp\u002F92.hash-table",{"title":2085,"icon":2086,"path":2087,"stem":2088,"children":2089,"page":59},"JavaScript","i-devicon-javascript","\u002Fjavascript","03.javascript",[2090,2116,2170,2192,2496,2534,2552],{"title":2091,"icon":2092,"path":2093,"stem":2094,"children":2095,"page":59},"Events","i-lucide-mouse-pointer-click","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fevents","03.javascript\u002F01.events",[2096,2100,2104,2108,2112],{"title":2097,"path":2098,"stem":2099},"Вступ до подій браузера","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fevents\u002Fintro","03.javascript\u002F01.events\u002F01.intro",{"title":2101,"path":2102,"stem":2103},"Бульбашковий механізм (Bubbling) та занурення (Capturing)","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fevents\u002Fbubbling-capturing","03.javascript\u002F01.events\u002F02.bubbling-capturing",{"title":2105,"path":2106,"stem":2107},"Делегування подій (Event Delegation)","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fevents\u002Fdelegate-events","03.javascript\u002F01.events\u002F03.delegate-events",{"title":2109,"path":2110,"stem":2111},"Типові дії браузера та preventDefault()","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fevents\u002Fprevent-default","03.javascript\u002F01.events\u002F04.prevent-default",{"title":2113,"path":2114,"stem":2115},"Запуск користувацьких подій (Custom Events)","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fevents\u002Fcustom-events","03.javascript\u002F01.events\u002F05.custom-events",{"title":2117,"icon":2118,"path":2119,"stem":2120,"children":2121,"page":59},"Network","i-lucide-globe","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fnetwork","03.javascript\u002F02.network",[2122,2126,2130,2134,2138,2142,2146,2150,2154,2158,2162,2166],{"title":2123,"path":2124,"stem":2125},"Fetch API - Сучасний підхід до HTTP-запитів","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fnetwork\u002F01-fetch-api","03.javascript\u002F02.network\u002F01-fetch-api",{"title":2127,"path":2128,"stem":2129},"FormData - Робота з формами та файлами","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fnetwork\u002F02-formdata","03.javascript\u002F02.network\u002F02-formdata",{"title":2131,"path":2132,"stem":2133},"Відстеження прогресу завантаження","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fnetwork\u002F03-download-progress","03.javascript\u002F02.network\u002F03-download-progress",{"title":2135,"path":2136,"stem":2137},"Переривання fetch-запитів","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fnetwork\u002F04-abort-requests","03.javascript\u002F02.network\u002F04-abort-requests",{"title":2139,"path":2140,"stem":2141},"CORS - Запити між різними джерелами","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fnetwork\u002F05-cors","03.javascript\u002F02.network\u002F05-cors",{"title":2143,"path":2144,"stem":2145},"Fetch API - Повний довідник опцій","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fnetwork\u002F06-fetch-options","03.javascript\u002F02.network\u002F06-fetch-options",{"title":2147,"path":2148,"stem":2149},"URL Objects - Робота з посиланнями","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fnetwork\u002F07-url-objects","03.javascript\u002F02.network\u002F07-url-objects",{"title":2151,"path":2152,"stem":2153},"XMLHttpRequest - AJAX та низькорівневі запити","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fnetwork\u002F08-xmlhttprequest","03.javascript\u002F02.network\u002F08-xmlhttprequest",{"title":2155,"path":2156,"stem":2157},"Відновлюване завантаження файлів","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fnetwork\u002F09-resumable-upload","03.javascript\u002F02.network\u002F09-resumable-upload",{"title":2159,"path":2160,"stem":2161},"Cookies, document.cookie та світ після \"Cookiepocalypse\"","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fnetwork\u002F10-cookies","03.javascript\u002F02.network\u002F10-cookies",{"title":2163,"path":2164,"stem":2165},"js-cookie: Керування Cookies без Болю","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fnetwork\u002F11-js-cookie","03.javascript\u002F02.network\u002F11-js-cookie",{"title":2167,"path":2168,"stem":2169},"Axios: Потужний HTTP-клієнт для JavaScript","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fnetwork\u002F12-axios","03.javascript\u002F02.network\u002F12-axios",{"title":2171,"icon":2172,"path":2173,"stem":2174,"children":2175,"page":59},"Bom","i-lucide-monitor","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fbom","03.javascript\u002F03.bom",[2176,2180,2184,2188],{"title":2177,"path":2178,"stem":2179},"LocalStorage, SessionStorage та patterns збереження даних","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fbom\u002F01-localstorage","03.javascript\u002F03.bom\u002F01-localstorage",{"title":2181,"path":2182,"stem":2183},"Location Object - Керування адресою сторінки","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fbom\u002F02-location-object","03.javascript\u002F03.bom\u002F02-location-object",{"title":2185,"path":2186,"stem":2187},"History API - Керування історією браузера","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fbom\u002F03-history-api","03.javascript\u002F03.bom\u002F03-history-api",{"title":2189,"path":2190,"stem":2191},"Navigator Object - Ідентифікація та Можливості Пристрою","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fbom\u002F04-navigator-object","03.javascript\u002F03.bom\u002F04-navigator-object",{"title":2193,"icon":2194,"path":2195,"stem":2196,"children":2197},"React","i-devicon-react","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002Findex",[2198,2199,2203,2207,2211,2215,2278,2313,2465],{"title":2193,"path":2195,"stem":2196},{"title":2200,"path":2201,"stem":2202},"Робота з Формами в React","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Freact-forms","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F01.react-forms",{"title":2204,"path":2205,"stem":2206},"React Hook Form: Професійна Робота з Формами","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Freact-hook-form","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F02.react-hook-form",{"title":2208,"path":2209,"stem":2210},"React Hook Form: Глибоке Розуміння Архітектури та Оптимізації","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Freact-hook-form-new","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F02.react-hook-form-new",{"title":2212,"path":2213,"stem":2214},"Axios та React: Професійна Архітектура Запитів","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fdata-fetching-axios","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F03.data-fetching-axios",{"title":2216,"icon":132,"path":2217,"stem":2218,"children":2219},"Tanstack Query","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002Findex",[2220,2222,2226,2230,2234,2238,2242,2246,2250,2254,2258,2262,2266,2270,2274],{"title":2221,"path":2217,"stem":2218},"TanStack Query: Майстерність Керування Станом Сервера",{"title":2223,"path":2224,"stem":2225},"Парадигма Server State: Чому useEffect недостатньо","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Fserver-state-paradigm","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F01.server-state-paradigm",{"title":2227,"path":2228,"stem":2229},"Встановлення та Налаштування: Фундамент","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Finstallation-and-devtools","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F02.installation-and-devtools",{"title":2231,"path":2232,"stem":2233},"Основи Запитів та Магія Ключів","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Fquery-basics-and-keys","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F03.query-basics-and-keys",{"title":2235,"path":2236,"stem":2237},"Синхронізація Даних: Життєвий Цикл Запиту","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Fdata-synchronization","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F04.data-synchronization",{"title":2239,"path":2240,"stem":2241},"Мутації та Інвалідація: Зміна Даних","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Fmutations-and-invalidation","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F05.mutations-and-invalidation",{"title":2243,"path":2244,"stem":2245},"Оптимістичні Оновлення: Швидше за Світло","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Foptimistic-updates","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F06.optimistic-updates",{"title":2247,"path":2248,"stem":2249},"Пагінація та Infinite Scroll","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Fpagination-and-load-more","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F07.pagination-and-load-more",{"title":2251,"path":2252,"stem":2253},"Просунуті Патерни та Оптимізація","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Fadvanced-patterns","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F08.advanced-patterns",{"title":2255,"path":2256,"stem":2257},"Архітектура та Best Practices","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Farchitecture-and-best-practices","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F09.architecture-and-best-practices",{"title":2259,"path":2260,"stem":2261},"Server-Side Rendering (SSR) та Гідратація","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Fserver-side-rendering","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F10.server-side-rendering",{"title":2263,"path":2264,"stem":2265},"Стратегії Тестування","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Ftesting-strategies","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F11.testing-strategies",{"title":2267,"path":2268,"stem":2269},"Аутентифікація та Обробка Помилок","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Fauthentication-and-errors","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F12.authentication-and-errors",{"title":2271,"path":2272,"stem":2273},"React Suspense та Майбутнє","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Freact-suspense","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F13.react-suspense",{"title":2275,"path":2276,"stem":2277},"Глибоке Занурення в Продуктивність","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Ftanstack-query\u002Fperformance-deep-dive","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F04.tanstack-query\u002F14.performance-deep-dive",{"title":2279,"icon":2194,"path":2280,"stem":2281,"children":2282},"React Router","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Freact-router","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F05.react-router\u002Findex",[2283,2285,2289,2293,2297,2301,2305,2309],{"title":2284,"path":2280,"stem":2281},"React Router: Навігаційна система сучасного вебу",{"title":2286,"path":2287,"stem":2288},"Налаштування та Базовий Роутинг","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Freact-router\u002Fsetup-and-basic-routing","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F05.react-router\u002F01.setup-and-basic-routing",{"title":2290,"path":2291,"stem":2292},"Динамічна Навігація","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Freact-router\u002Fnavigation-and-links","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F05.react-router\u002F02.navigation-and-links",{"title":2294,"path":2295,"stem":2296},"Вкладені Маршрути та Макети","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Freact-router\u002Fnested-routes-and-layouts","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F05.react-router\u002F03.nested-routes-and-layouts",{"title":2298,"path":2299,"stem":2300},"Динамічні Маршрути та Параметри","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Freact-router\u002Fdynamic-routing","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F05.react-router\u002F04.dynamic-routing",{"title":2302,"path":2303,"stem":2304},"Data APIs: Loaders та Actions","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Freact-router\u002Fdata-loading","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F05.react-router\u002F05.data-loading",{"title":2306,"path":2307,"stem":2308},"Просунуті Патерни","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Freact-router\u002Fadvanced-patterns","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F05.react-router\u002F06.advanced-patterns",{"title":2310,"path":2311,"stem":2312},"Legacy Routing: Компонентний підхід","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Freact-router\u002Flegacy-routing","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F05.react-router\u002F07.legacy-routing",{"title":2314,"icon":132,"path":2315,"stem":2316,"children":2317},"Redux","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002Findex",[2318,2320,2336,2365,2374,2395,2411,2440],{"title":2319,"path":2315,"stem":2316},"Redux: Еволюція управління станом",{"title":14,"icon":15,"path":2321,"stem":2322,"children":2323,"page":59},"\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Ffundamentals","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F01.fundamentals",[2324,2328,2332],{"title":2325,"path":2326,"stem":2327},"Вступ до State Management","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Ffundamentals\u002Fintro-state-management","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F01.fundamentals\u002F01.intro-state-management",{"title":2329,"path":2330,"stem":2331},"Філософія Redux та Три Принципи","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Ffundamentals\u002Fredux-philosophy","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F01.fundamentals\u002F02.redux-philosophy",{"title":2333,"path":2334,"stem":2335},"Чисті функції та Іммутабельність","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Ffundamentals\u002Fpure-functions-immutability","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F01.fundamentals\u002F03.pure-functions-immutability",{"title":2337,"icon":132,"path":2338,"stem":2339,"children":2340,"page":59},"Classic Redux","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fclassic-redux","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F02.classic-redux",[2341,2345,2349,2353,2357,2361],{"title":2342,"path":2343,"stem":2344},"Створення Store (Classic Redux)","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fclassic-redux\u002Fstore-setup","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F02.classic-redux\u002F01.store-setup",{"title":2346,"path":2347,"stem":2348},"Actions, Constants та Action Creators","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fclassic-redux\u002Factions-constants","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F02.classic-redux\u002F02.actions-constants",{"title":2350,"path":2351,"stem":2352},"Логіка Reducers","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fclassic-redux\u002Freducers","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F02.classic-redux\u002F03.reducers",{"title":2354,"path":2355,"stem":2356},"Комбінування Reducers (Root Reducer)","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fclassic-redux\u002Fdata-flow","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F02.classic-redux\u002F04.data-flow",{"title":2358,"path":2359,"stem":2360},"Підключення до React (React-Redux)","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fclassic-redux\u002Freact-redux-connection","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F02.classic-redux\u002F05.react-redux-connection",{"title":2362,"path":2363,"stem":2364},"Middleware та Асинхронність (Redux Thunk)","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fclassic-redux\u002Fmiddleware-thunk","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F02.classic-redux\u002F06.middleware-thunk",{"title":2366,"icon":132,"path":2367,"stem":2368,"children":2369,"page":59},"Transition To Rtk","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Ftransition-to-rtk","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F03.transition-to-rtk",[2370],{"title":2371,"path":2372,"stem":2373},"Проблеми класичного Redux","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Ftransition-to-rtk\u002Fproblems-with-classic","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F03.transition-to-rtk\u002F01.problems-with-classic",{"title":2375,"icon":132,"path":2376,"stem":2377,"children":2378,"page":59},"Redux Toolkit","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fredux-toolkit","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F04.redux-toolkit",[2379,2383,2387,2391],{"title":2380,"path":2381,"stem":2382},"Налаштування Store з configureStore","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fredux-toolkit\u002Fconfigure-store","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F04.redux-toolkit\u002F01.configure-store",{"title":2384,"path":2385,"stem":2386},"createSlice: Революція в Redux","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fredux-toolkit\u002Fcreate-slice","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F04.redux-toolkit\u002F02.create-slice",{"title":2388,"path":2389,"stem":2390},"Асинхронність з createAsyncThunk","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fredux-toolkit\u002Fasync-thunks","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F04.redux-toolkit\u002F03.async-thunks",{"title":2392,"path":2393,"stem":2394},"04. Entity Adapter: Керування нормалізованим станом","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fredux-toolkit\u002Fentity-adapter","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F04.redux-toolkit\u002F04.entity-adapter",{"title":2396,"icon":92,"path":2397,"stem":2398,"children":2399,"page":59},"Advanced","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fadvanced","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F05.advanced",[2400,2404,2408],{"title":2401,"path":2402,"stem":2403},"Мемоізація та Селектори: Повний Гайд по Reselect","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fadvanced\u002Fselectors-reselect","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F05.advanced\u002F01.selectors-reselect",{"title":2405,"path":2406,"stem":2407},"RTK Query: Архітектура Серверного Кешу","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fadvanced\u002Frtk-query-intro","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F05.advanced\u002F02.rtk-query-intro",{"title":2255,"path":2409,"stem":2410},"\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fadvanced\u002Farchitecture-best-practices","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F05.advanced\u002F03.architecture-best-practices",{"title":2412,"icon":132,"path":2413,"stem":2414,"children":2415,"page":59},"Project Kanban","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fproject-kanban","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F06.project-kanban",[2416,2420,2424,2428,2432,2436],{"title":2417,"path":2418,"stem":2419},"Проєкт: Kanban Board (Trello Clone)","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fproject-kanban\u002Fproject-overview","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F06.project-kanban\u002F01.project-overview",{"title":2421,"path":2422,"stem":2423},"Налаштування та Типізація","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fproject-kanban\u002Fsetup-and-types","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F06.project-kanban\u002F02.setup-and-types",{"title":2425,"path":2426,"stem":2427},"Board Slice: Серце Дошки","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fproject-kanban\u002Fboard-slice","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F06.project-kanban\u002F03.board-slice",{"title":2429,"path":2430,"stem":2431},"Логіка Drag & Drop","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fproject-kanban\u002Fdrag-and-drop-logic","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F06.project-kanban\u002F04.drag-and-drop-logic",{"title":2433,"path":2434,"stem":2435},"Інтеграція з RTK Query","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fproject-kanban\u002Frtk-query-integration","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F06.project-kanban\u002F05.rtk-query-integration",{"title":2437,"path":2438,"stem":2439},"Optimistic Updates","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Fproject-kanban\u002Foptimistic-updates","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F06.project-kanban\u002F06.optimistic-updates",{"title":2441,"icon":132,"path":2442,"stem":2443,"children":2444,"page":59},"Testing","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Ftesting","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F07.testing",[2445,2449,2453,2457,2461],{"title":2446,"path":2447,"stem":2448},"Тестування Redux","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Ftesting\u002Fintro-testing","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F07.testing\u002F01.intro-testing",{"title":2450,"path":2451,"stem":2452},"Тестування Reducers","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Ftesting\u002Ftesting-reducers","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F07.testing\u002F02.testing-reducers",{"title":2454,"path":2455,"stem":2456},"Тестування Селекторів","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Ftesting\u002Ftesting-selectors","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F07.testing\u002F03.testing-selectors",{"title":2458,"path":2459,"stem":2460},"Тестування Компонентів (Integration)","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Ftesting\u002Ftesting-components","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F07.testing\u002F04.testing-components",{"title":2462,"path":2463,"stem":2464},"Тестування Async Thunks","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fredux\u002Ftesting\u002Ftesting-thunks","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F06.redux\u002F07.testing\u002F05.testing-thunks",{"title":2466,"icon":132,"path":2467,"stem":2468,"children":2469},"Ui Libraries","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fui-libraries","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F07.ui-libraries\u002Findex",[2470,2472,2476,2480,2484,2488,2492],{"title":2471,"path":2467,"stem":2468},"UI Бібліотеки в React",{"title":2473,"path":2474,"stem":2475},"Вступ до UI Бібліотек: Навіщо Винаходити Велосипед Двічі?","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fui-libraries\u002Fintroduction-to-ui-libraries","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F07.ui-libraries\u002F01.introduction-to-ui-libraries",{"title":2477,"path":2478,"stem":2479},"Філософія shadcn\u002Fui: \"Not a Component Library\"","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fui-libraries\u002Fshadcn-philosophy","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F07.ui-libraries\u002F02.shadcn-philosophy",{"title":2481,"path":2482,"stem":2483},"Установка та Налаштування shadcn\u002Fui","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fui-libraries\u002Fshadcn-installation","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F07.ui-libraries\u002F03.shadcn-installation",{"title":2485,"path":2486,"stem":2487},"Базові Компоненти shadcn\u002Fui: Фундамент Інтерфейсу","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fui-libraries\u002Fshadcn-components-basics","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F07.ui-libraries\u002F04.shadcn-components-basics",{"title":2489,"path":2490,"stem":2491},"Компоненти Форм: Побудова Інтерактивних Form","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fui-libraries\u002Fshadcn-components-forms","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F07.ui-libraries\u002F05.shadcn-components-forms",{"title":2493,"path":2494,"stem":2495},"Складні Компоненти: Dialog, Dropdown, Table та Command","\u002Fjavascript\u002Freact\u002Fui-libraries\u002Fshadcn-components-advanced","03.javascript\u002F04.react\u002F07.ui-libraries\u002F06.shadcn-components-advanced",{"title":2497,"icon":2498,"path":2499,"stem":2500,"children":2501,"page":59},"TypeScript","i-devicon-typescript","\u002Fjavascript\u002Ftypescript","03.javascript\u002F05.typescript",[2502,2506,2510,2514,2518,2522,2526,2530],{"title":2503,"path":2504,"stem":2505},"TypeScript: Броня для вашого коду","\u002Fjavascript\u002Ftypescript\u002Fintro-and-basic-types","03.javascript\u002F05.typescript\u002F01.intro-and-basic-types",{"title":2507,"path":2508,"stem":2509},"Майстерність Моделювання Даних: Інтерфейси та Просунуті Типи","\u002Fjavascript\u002Ftypescript\u002Finterfaces-and-advanced-types","03.javascript\u002F05.typescript\u002F02.interfaces-and-advanced-types",{"title":2511,"path":2512,"stem":2513},"Алхімія Типів: Generics та Utility Types","\u002Fjavascript\u002Ftypescript\u002Fgenerics-and-utilities","03.javascript\u002F05.typescript\u002F03.generics-and-utilities",{"title":2515,"path":2516,"stem":2517},"Архітектура та Шаблони: Класи в TypeScript","\u002Fjavascript\u002Ftypescript\u002Fclasses-and-oop","03.javascript\u002F05.typescript\u002F04.classes-and-oop",{"title":2519,"path":2520,"stem":2521},"Продакшн та Екосистема: Advanced Config & Workflow","\u002Fjavascript\u002Ftypescript\u002Fadvanced-patterns-and-config","03.javascript\u002F05.typescript\u002F05.advanced-patterns-and-config",{"title":2523,"path":2524,"stem":2525},"TypeScript у світі React","\u002Fjavascript\u002Ftypescript\u002Freact-basics","03.javascript\u002F05.typescript\u002F06.react-basics",{"title":2527,"path":2528,"stem":2529},"React + TypeScript: Продвинуті патерни","\u002Fjavascript\u002Ftypescript\u002Freact-advanced","03.javascript\u002F05.typescript\u002F07.react-advanced",{"title":2531,"path":2532,"stem":2533},"React + TypeScript: Екосистема та бібліотеки","\u002Fjavascript\u002Ftypescript\u002Freact-ecosystem","03.javascript\u002F05.typescript\u002F08.react-ecosystem",{"title":2535,"icon":2536,"path":2537,"stem":2538,"children":2539,"page":59},"Асинхронність","i-lucide-refresh-cw","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fasync-programming","03.javascript\u002F06.async-programming",[2540,2544,2548],{"title":2541,"path":2542,"stem":2543},"Event Loop: серце асинхронності в JavaScript","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fasync-programming\u002Fevent-loop-fundamentals","03.javascript\u002F06.async-programming\u002F01.event-loop-fundamentals",{"title":2545,"path":2546,"stem":2547},"Task Queue та Microtask Queue: пріоритети виконання","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fasync-programming\u002Ftask-queues","03.javascript\u002F06.async-programming\u002F02.task-queues",{"title":2549,"path":2550,"stem":2551},"Асинхронні патерни: від Callbacks до Async\u002FAwait","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fasync-programming\u002Fasync-patterns","03.javascript\u002F06.async-programming\u002F03.async-patterns",{"title":2553,"path":2554,"stem":2555},"Atomic Design","\u002Fjavascript\u002Fatomic-design","03.javascript\u002F2.atomic-design",{"title":2557,"icon":2558,"path":2559,"stem":2560,"children":2561,"page":59},"Java","i-devicon-java","\u002Fjava","04.java",[2562,2565,2568,2572,2576,2580,2584],{"title":162,"path":2563,"stem":2564},"\u002Fjava\u002Fdata-mapper-part1","04.java\u002F01.data-mapper-part1",{"title":166,"path":2566,"stem":2567},"\u002Fjava\u002Fdata-mapper-part2","04.java\u002F02.data-mapper-part2",{"title":2569,"path":2570,"stem":2571},"Service Layer: Організація бізнес-логіки","\u002Fjava\u002Fservice-layer","04.java\u002F03.service-layer",{"title":2573,"path":2574,"stem":2575},"Rich Domain Model та State Pattern","\u002Fjava\u002Frich-domain-model","04.java\u002F04.rich-domain-model",{"title":2577,"path":2578,"stem":2579},"Патерни для складної бізнес-логіки","\u002Fjava\u002Fbusiness-logic-patterns","04.java\u002F05.business-logic-patterns",{"title":2581,"path":2582,"stem":2583},"Обробка помилок та валідація","\u002Fjava\u002Ferror-handling-validation","04.java\u002F06.error-handling-validation",{"title":2585,"path":2586,"stem":2587,"children":2588,"page":59},"Проектування баз даних","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2","04.java\u002Fpr2",[2589,2593,2597,2601,2605,2609,2613,2617,2621,2625,2629,2633,2637,2641,2645,2649,2653,2657,2661,2665,2669,2673,2677,2681,2685,2689,2693,2697,2701,2705,2709,2713,2717,2721,2725,2729,2733],{"title":2590,"path":2591,"stem":2592},"Концептуальне моделювання: Мистецтво розуміння предметної області","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fconceptual-modeling","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F01.conceptual-modeling",{"title":2594,"path":2595,"stem":2596},"Логічне моделювання: Від бізнес-ідей до структур даних","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Flogical-modeling","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F02.logical-modeling",{"title":2598,"path":2599,"stem":2600},"Нормалізація: Гігієна даних та боротьба з аномаліями","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fnormalization","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F03.normalization",{"title":2602,"path":2603,"stem":2604},"Фізична схема: Від абстракції до DDL","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fphysical-schema","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F04.physical-schema",{"title":2606,"path":2607,"stem":2608},"Архітектурна класифікація таблиць","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Ftable-classification","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F05.table-classification",{"title":2610,"path":2611,"stem":2612},"Database Migrations: Версіонування схеми з Flyway","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fdatabase-migrations","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F06.database-migrations",{"title":2614,"path":2615,"stem":2616},"А що, якби це була не реляційна БД?","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fbeyond-relational","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F07.beyond-relational",{"title":2618,"path":2619,"stem":2620},"Object-Relational Impedance Mismatch: Два світи, що не хочуть дружити","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fimpedance-mismatch","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F09.impedance-mismatch",{"title":2622,"path":2623,"stem":2624},"JDBC: Перший контакт із базою даних","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fjdbc-fundamentals","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F10.jdbc-fundamentals",{"title":2626,"path":2627,"stem":2628},"Якість коду: Spotless, SpotBugs та SonarQube","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002F10a.code-quality","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F10a.code-quality",{"title":2630,"path":2631,"stem":2632},"Connection Pool: Патерн Object Pool для JDBC-з'єднань","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fconnection-pool","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F11.connection-pool",{"title":2634,"path":2635,"stem":2636},"Row Data Gateway: Об'єкт як обгортка рядка таблиці","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Frow-data-gateway","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F12.row-data-gateway",{"title":2638,"path":2639,"stem":2640},"Table Data Gateway: Фасад таблиці як архітектурний відступ","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Ftable-data-gateway","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F13.table-data-gateway",{"title":2642,"path":2643,"stem":2644},"Repository + Data Mapper: Правильна шарова архітектура з JDBC","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Frepository-data-mapper","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F14.repository-data-mapper",{"title":2646,"path":2647,"stem":2648},"Identity Map: Кешування сутностей у рамках сесії","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fidentity-map","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F15.identity-map",{"title":2650,"path":2651,"stem":2652},"Unit of Work: Відстеження змін і координація JDBC-транзакцій","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Funit-of-work","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F16.unit-of-work",{"title":2654,"path":2655,"stem":2656},"Strategy: Замінювані SQL-стратегії для підтримки різних СУБД","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fstrategy-sql","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F17.strategy-sql",{"title":2658,"path":2659,"stem":2660},"Proxy: Lazy Loading для One-To-Many колекцій","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fproxy-lazy-loading","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F18.proxy-lazy-loading",{"title":2662,"path":2663,"stem":2664},"Generic Repository через Java Reflection: анотації та динамічний SQL","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fgeneric-repository-reflection","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F19.generic-repository-reflection",{"title":2666,"path":2667,"stem":2668},"Specification Pattern: Композиція бізнес-правил для складних запитів","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fspecification-pattern","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F20.specification-pattern",{"title":2670,"path":2671,"stem":2672},"Розширені можливості Specification Pattern: підзапити, агрегації та гібридний підхід","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002F20a.advanced-specifications","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F20a.advanced-specifications",{"title":2674,"path":2675,"stem":2676},"Асинхронність у JDBC: Від блокуючих викликів до CompletableFuture","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fasynchronous-jdbc","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F21.asynchronous-jdbc",{"title":2678,"path":2679,"stem":2680},"Інтеграційне тестування JDBC-репозиторіїв: Embedded H2 та патерн AAA","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fintegration-testing-h2","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F22.integration-testing-h2",{"title":2682,"path":2683,"stem":2684},"Testcontainers: Тестування з реальною PostgreSQL у Docker-контейнерах","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fintegration-testing-testcontainers","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F23.integration-testing-testcontainers",{"title":2686,"path":2687,"stem":2688},"Google Guice: Впровадження залежностей у JavaFX-проєкті","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fdependency-injection-guice","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F24.dependency-injection-guice",{"title":2690,"path":2691,"stem":2692},"JavaFX: Основи побудови графічних інтерфейсів","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fjavafx-fundamentals","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F25.javafx-fundamentals",{"title":2694,"path":2695,"stem":2696},"Properties та Bindings: Реактивність у JavaFX","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fjavafx-properties-bindings","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F26.javafx-properties-bindings",{"title":2698,"path":2699,"stem":2700},"MVC vs MVP vs MVVM: Еволюція архітектурних патернів UI","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fui-architecture-patterns","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F27.ui-architecture-patterns",{"title":2702,"path":2703,"stem":2704},"MVVM на практиці: Побудова ViewModel","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fmvvm-viewmodel-implementation","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F28.mvvm-viewmodel-implementation",{"title":2706,"path":2707,"stem":2708},"View та Controller: Зв'язування з ViewModel через FXML","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fmvvm-view-controller","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F29.mvvm-view-controller",{"title":2710,"path":2711,"stem":2712},"Інтеграція MVVM з Guice: Автоматична ін'єкція залежностей","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fmvvm-guice-integration","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F30.mvvm-guice-integration",{"title":2714,"path":2715,"stem":2716},"Валідація та обробка помилок у MVVM","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fmvvm-validation-error-handling","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F31.mvvm-validation-error-handling",{"title":2718,"path":2719,"stem":2720},"Навігація та управління екранами у JavaFX MVVM","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fmvvm-navigation-screen-management","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F32.mvvm-navigation-screen-management",{"title":2722,"path":2723,"stem":2724},"Тестування JavaFX MVVM-додатків","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fmvvm-testing","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F33.mvvm-testing",{"title":2726,"path":2727,"stem":2728},"Стилізація та теми у JavaFX: CSS та User Experience","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fjavafx-styling-themes","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F34.javafx-styling-themes",{"title":2730,"path":2731,"stem":2732},"AtlantaFX: Сучасні теми для JavaFX додатків","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fatlantafx-modern-themes","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F35.atlantafx-modern-themes",{"title":2734,"path":2735,"stem":2736},"Пакування та розповсюдження JavaFX-додатків","\u002Fjava\u002Fpr2\u002Fjar-packaging-distribution","04.java\u002Fpr2\u002F36.jar-packaging-distribution",{"title":2738,"icon":2739,"path":2740,"stem":2741,"children":2742,"page":59},"Python","i-devicon-python","\u002Fpython","05.python",[2743,2747,2750,2754,2758,2762,2766,2770,2774,2778,2782,2786,2790,2794,2798,2859],{"title":2744,"path":2745,"stem":2746},"Модулі, Пакети та Віртуальні Середовища","\u002Fpython\u002Fmodules-packages-venv","05.python\u002F00.modules-packages-venv",{"title":71,"path":2748,"stem":2749},"\u002Fpython\u002Fclasses-objects","05.python\u002F01.classes-objects",{"title":2751,"path":2752,"stem":2753},"Інкапсуляція, Керування Доступом та Властивості","\u002Fpython\u002Fencapsulation","05.python\u002F02.encapsulation",{"title":2755,"path":2756,"stem":2757},"Наслідування, MRO та суперсила super()","\u002Fpython\u002Finheritance-mro","05.python\u002F03.inheritance-mro",{"title":2759,"path":2760,"stem":2761},"Абстракція — ABC проти Статичних Протоколів (PEP 544)","\u002Fpython\u002Fabstraction-protocols","05.python\u002F04.abstraction-protocols",{"title":2763,"path":2764,"stem":2765},"Магічні методи (Dunder) та Емуляція протоколів","\u002Fpython\u002Fdunder-methods","05.python\u002F05.dunder-methods",{"title":2767,"path":2768,"stem":2769},"Декоратори та Керування життєвим циклом методів","\u002Fpython\u002Fdecorators-static-class","05.python\u002F06.decorators-static-class",{"title":2771,"path":2772,"stem":2773},"Дескриптори — Магія доступу до атрибутів","\u002Fpython\u002Fdescriptors","05.python\u002F07.descriptors",{"title":2775,"path":2776,"stem":2777},"Метакласи — Динамічне створення класів під капотом CPython","\u002Fpython\u002Fmetaclasses","05.python\u002F08.metaclasses",{"title":2779,"path":2780,"stem":2781},"Dataclasses, NamedTuple та сучасні контейнери Python","\u002Fpython\u002Fmodern-containers","05.python\u002F09.modern-containers",{"title":2783,"path":2784,"stem":2785},"GIL та модель конкурентності CPython — фундамент перед потоками і процесами","\u002Fpython\u002Fgil-concurrency-intro","05.python\u002F11.gil-concurrency-intro",{"title":2787,"path":2788,"stem":2789},"Threading — конкурентність для I\u002FO-bound задач","\u002Fpython\u002Fthreading","05.python\u002F12.threading",{"title":2791,"path":2792,"stem":2793},"Multiprocessing — справжній паралелізм для CPU-bound задач","\u002Fpython\u002Fmultiprocessing","05.python\u002F13.multiprocessing",{"title":2795,"path":2796,"stem":2797},"asyncio — кооперативна конкурентність та event loop","\u002Fpython\u002Fasyncio","05.python\u002F14.asyncio",{"title":2799,"icon":92,"path":2800,"stem":2801,"children":2802,"page":59},"FastAPI","\u002Fpython\u002Ffastapi","05.python\u002Ffastapi",[2803,2807,2811,2815,2819,2823,2827,2831,2835,2839,2843,2847,2851,2855],{"title":2804,"path":2805,"stem":2806},"Глибокий Typing та Pydantic v2 — від анотацій до валідації","\u002Fpython\u002Ffastapi\u002Ftyping-pydantic","05.python\u002Ffastapi\u002F15.typing-pydantic",{"title":2808,"path":2809,"stem":2810},"WSGI, ASGI та Python Web-екосистема","\u002Fpython\u002Ffastapi\u002Fwsgi-asgi-ecosystem","05.python\u002Ffastapi\u002F16.wsgi-asgi-ecosystem",{"title":2812,"path":2813,"stem":2814},"FastAPI: Перший додаток, Uvicorn та OpenAPI","\u002Fpython\u002Ffastapi\u002Ffastapi-intro","05.python\u002Ffastapi\u002F17.fastapi-intro",{"title":2816,"path":2817,"stem":2818},"Маршрутизація, параметри запитів та APIRouter","\u002Fpython\u002Ffastapi\u002Ffastapi-routing-params","05.python\u002Ffastapi\u002F18.fastapi-routing-params",{"title":2820,"path":2821,"stem":2822},"Pydantic v2 у FastAPI — схеми, валідація та серіалізація","\u002Fpython\u002Ffastapi\u002Ffastapi-pydantic-schemas","05.python\u002Ffastapi\u002F19.fastapi-pydantic-schemas",{"title":2824,"path":2825,"stem":2826},"Dependency Injection — серце архітектури FastAPI","\u002Fpython\u002Ffastapi\u002Ffastapi-dependency-injection","05.python\u002Ffastapi\u002F20.fastapi-dependency-injection",{"title":2828,"path":2829,"stem":2830},"Обробка помилок, Middleware та CORS у FastAPI","\u002Fpython\u002Ffastapi\u002Ffastapi-errors-middleware","05.python\u002Ffastapi\u002F21.fastapi-errors-middleware",{"title":2832,"path":2833,"stem":2834},"SQLAlchemy 2.0 — ORM, Core та Async Engine","\u002Fpython\u002Ffastapi\u002Fsqlalchemy-orm","05.python\u002Ffastapi\u002F22.sqlalchemy-orm",{"title":2836,"path":2837,"stem":2838},"Alembic — міграції бази даних","\u002Fpython\u002Ffastapi\u002Falembic-migrations","05.python\u002Ffastapi\u002F23.alembic-migrations",{"title":2840,"path":2841,"stem":2842},"Repository Pattern та Clean Architecture у FastAPI","\u002Fpython\u002Ffastapi\u002Ffastapi-repository-clean-arch","05.python\u002Ffastapi\u002F24.fastapi-repository-clean-arch",{"title":2844,"path":2845,"stem":2846},"Автентифікація та авторизація — JWT, OAuth2, RBAC","\u002Fpython\u002Ffastapi\u002Ffastapi-auth-security","05.python\u002Ffastapi\u002F25.fastapi-auth-security",{"title":2848,"path":2849,"stem":2850},"Тестування FastAPI — pytest, httpx, fixtures","\u002Fpython\u002Ffastapi\u002Ffastapi-testing","05.python\u002Ffastapi\u002F26.fastapi-testing",{"title":2852,"path":2853,"stem":2854},"Async на повну — Background Tasks, WebSockets, SSE та Celery","\u002Fpython\u002Ffastapi\u002Ffastapi-async-advanced","05.python\u002Ffastapi\u002F27.fastapi-async-advanced",{"title":2856,"path":2857,"stem":2858},"Deployment — Docker, CI\u002FCD, Monitoring","\u002Fpython\u002Ffastapi\u002Ffastapi-deployment","05.python\u002Ffastapi\u002F28.fastapi-deployment",{"title":2860,"path":2861,"stem":2862},"[object Object]","\u002Fpython\u002Foop-plan","05.python\u002Foop-plan",{"title":2864,"icon":2865,"path":2866,"stem":2867,"children":2868,"page":59},"Бази даних","i-lucide-database","\u002Fdatabases","06.databases",[2869,2899,2922,2959,2988,3006,3040,3052,3061],{"title":2870,"icon":2871,"path":2872,"stem":2873,"children":2874,"page":59},"Intro","i-lucide-play","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fintro","06.databases\u002F01.intro",[2875,2879,2883,2887,2891,2895],{"title":2876,"path":2877,"stem":2878},"Введення в теорію баз даних","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fintro\u002Fintroduction-to-databases","06.databases\u002F01.intro\u002F01.introduction-to-databases",{"title":2880,"path":2881,"stem":2882},"Реляційна модель даних","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fintro\u002Frelational-model-theory","06.databases\u002F01.intro\u002F02.relational-model-theory",{"title":2884,"path":2885,"stem":2886},"ER-моделювання","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fintro\u002Fer-modeling","06.databases\u002F01.intro\u002F03.er-modeling",{"title":2888,"path":2889,"stem":2890},"Логічне проектування БД","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fintro\u002Flogical-schema","06.databases\u002F01.intro\u002F04.logical-schema",{"title":2892,"path":2893,"stem":2894},"Класифікація таблиць","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fintro\u002Ftable-classification","06.databases\u002F01.intro\u002F05.table-classification",{"title":2896,"path":2897,"stem":2898},"PlantUML для баз даних","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fintro\u002Fplantuml-diagrams","06.databases\u002F01.intro\u002F06.plantuml-diagrams",{"title":2900,"icon":2865,"path":2901,"stem":2902,"children":2903,"page":59},"MS SQL Server Start","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fms-sql-server-start","06.databases\u002F02.ms-sql-server-start",[2904,2908,2914,2918],{"title":2905,"path":2906,"stem":2907},"Типи даних у MS SQL Server","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fms-sql-server-start\u002Fdata-types","06.databases\u002F02.ms-sql-server-start\u002F01.data-types",{"title":2909,"path":2910,"stem":2911,"children":2912},"Індекси у MS SQL Server","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fms-sql-server-start\u002Fsql-indexes","06.databases\u002F02.ms-sql-server-start\u002F02.sql-indexes",[2913],{"title":2909,"path":2910,"stem":2911},{"title":2915,"path":2916,"stem":2917},"Системні бази даних MS SQL Server","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fms-sql-server-start\u002Fsystem-databases","06.databases\u002F02.ms-sql-server-start\u002F03.system-databases",{"title":2919,"path":2920,"stem":2921},"Огляд мови SQL та запитів","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fms-sql-server-start\u002Fsql-queries-overview","06.databases\u002F02.ms-sql-server-start\u002F04.sql-queries-overview",{"title":2923,"icon":2865,"path":2924,"stem":2925,"children":2926,"page":59},"SQL","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fsql","06.databases\u002F03.sql",[2927,2931,2935,2939,2943,2947,2951,2955],{"title":2928,"path":2929,"stem":2930},"Налаштування демонстраційної бази даних","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fsql\u002Fsample-database-setup","06.databases\u002F03.sql\u002F00.sample-database-setup",{"title":2932,"path":2933,"stem":2934},"DDL - Створення таблиць (CREATE TABLE)","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fsql\u002Fddl-create-table","06.databases\u002F03.sql\u002F01.ddl-create-table",{"title":2936,"path":2937,"stem":2938},"DDL - Зміна та видалення таблиць (ALTER, DROP)","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fsql\u002Fddl-alter-drop-table","06.databases\u002F03.sql\u002F02.ddl-alter-drop-table",{"title":2940,"path":2941,"stem":2942},"SELECT запити - Основи","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fsql\u002Fselect-queries-fundamentals","06.databases\u002F03.sql\u002F03.select-queries-fundamentals",{"title":2944,"path":2945,"stem":2946},"SELECT запити - Розширені можливості","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fsql\u002Fselect-queries-advanced","06.databases\u002F03.sql\u002F04.select-queries-advanced",{"title":2948,"path":2949,"stem":2950},"INSERT запити - Додавання даних","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fsql\u002Finsert-queries","06.databases\u002F03.sql\u002F05.insert-queries",{"title":2952,"path":2953,"stem":2954},"UPDATE та DELETE запити","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fsql\u002Fupdate-delete-queries","06.databases\u002F03.sql\u002F06.update-delete-queries",{"title":2956,"path":2957,"stem":2958},"Транзакції в SQL","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fsql\u002Ftransactions","06.databases\u002F03.sql\u002F07.transactions",{"title":2960,"icon":2865,"path":2961,"stem":2962,"children":2963,"page":59},"Multi Table Databases","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fmulti-table-databases","06.databases\u002F04.multi-table-databases",[2964,2968,2972,2976,2980,2984],{"title":2965,"path":2966,"stem":2967},"Зв'язки та нормалізація БД","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fmulti-table-databases\u002Frelationships-and-normalization","06.databases\u002F04.multi-table-databases\u002F00.relationships-and-normalization",{"title":2969,"path":2970,"stem":2971},"INNER JOIN - З'єднання таблиць","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fmulti-table-databases\u002Finner-join","06.databases\u002F04.multi-table-databases\u002F01.inner-join",{"title":2973,"path":2974,"stem":2975},"OUTER JOINs - LEFT, RIGHT, FULL","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fmulti-table-databases\u002Fouter-joins","06.databases\u002F04.multi-table-databases\u002F02.outer-joins",{"title":2977,"path":2978,"stem":2979},"CROSS та SELF JOINs","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fmulti-table-databases\u002Fcross-self-joins","06.databases\u002F04.multi-table-databases\u002F03.cross-self-joins",{"title":2981,"path":2982,"stem":2983},"Підзапити (Subqueries)","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fmulti-table-databases\u002Fsubqueries","06.databases\u002F04.multi-table-databases\u002F04.subqueries",{"title":2985,"path":2986,"stem":2987},"Агрегації з JOIN","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fmulti-table-databases\u002Faggregations-with-joins","06.databases\u002F04.multi-table-databases\u002F05.aggregations-with-joins",{"title":2989,"icon":2990,"path":2991,"stem":2992,"children":2993,"page":59},"Aggregate Functions","i-lucide-calculator","\u002Fdatabases\u002Faggregate-functions","06.databases\u002F05.aggregate-functions",[2994,2998,3002],{"title":2995,"path":2996,"stem":2997},"Функції агрегування в MS SQL Server","\u002Fdatabases\u002Faggregate-functions\u002Fintroduction-aggregate-functions","06.databases\u002F05.aggregate-functions\u002F01.introduction-aggregate-functions",{"title":2999,"path":3000,"stem":3001},"Групування даних в MS SQL Server","\u002Fdatabases\u002Faggregate-functions\u002Fgrouping-data","06.databases\u002F05.aggregate-functions\u002F02.grouping-data",{"title":3003,"path":3004,"stem":3005},"Підзапити з агрегатними функціями","\u002Fdatabases\u002Faggregate-functions\u002Fsubqueries-aggregates","06.databases\u002F05.aggregate-functions\u002F03.subqueries-aggregates",{"title":3007,"icon":3008,"path":3009,"stem":3010,"children":3011,"page":59},"Тригери та зберігаємі процедури","i-lucide-database-zap","\u002Fdatabases\u002Ftriggers-stored-procedures","06.databases\u002F07.triggers-stored-procedures",[3012,3016,3020,3024,3028,3032,3036],{"title":3013,"path":3014,"stem":3015},"DML-тригери","\u002Fdatabases\u002Ftriggers-stored-procedures\u002Fdml-triggers","06.databases\u002F07.triggers-stored-procedures\u002F01.dml-triggers",{"title":3017,"path":3018,"stem":3019},"DDL-тригери","\u002Fdatabases\u002Ftriggers-stored-procedures\u002Fddl-triggers","06.databases\u002F07.triggers-stored-procedures\u002F02.ddl-triggers",{"title":3021,"path":3022,"stem":3023},"Transact-SQL розширення","\u002Fdatabases\u002Ftriggers-stored-procedures\u002Ftransact-sql-extensions","06.databases\u002F07.triggers-stored-procedures\u002F03.transact-sql-extensions",{"title":3025,"path":3026,"stem":3027},"Транзакції","\u002Fdatabases\u002Ftriggers-stored-procedures\u002Ftransactions","06.databases\u002F07.triggers-stored-procedures\u002F04.transactions",{"title":3029,"path":3030,"stem":3031},"Зберігаємі процедури","\u002Fdatabases\u002Ftriggers-stored-procedures\u002Fstored-procedures","06.databases\u002F07.triggers-stored-procedures\u002F05.stored-procedures",{"title":3033,"path":3034,"stem":3035},"Користувацькі функції","\u002Fdatabases\u002Ftriggers-stored-procedures\u002Fuser-defined-functions","06.databases\u002F07.triggers-stored-procedures\u002F06.user-defined-functions",{"title":3037,"path":3038,"stem":3039},"Безпека баз даних","\u002Fdatabases\u002Ftriggers-stored-procedures\u002Fsecurity","06.databases\u002F07.triggers-stored-procedures\u002F08.security",{"title":3037,"icon":793,"path":3041,"stem":3042,"children":3043,"page":59},"\u002Fdatabases\u002Fsecurity","06.databases\u002F08.security",[3044,3048],{"title":3045,"path":3046,"stem":3047},"Вступ до безпеки баз даних","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fsecurity\u002Fintroduction","06.databases\u002F08.security\u002F01.introduction",{"title":3049,"path":3050,"stem":3051},"Системні представлення та метадані","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fsecurity\u002Fsystem-views","06.databases\u002F08.security\u002F02.system-views",{"title":3053,"icon":3054,"path":3055,"stem":3056,"children":3057,"page":59},"Резервне копіювання та відновлення","i-lucide-database-backup","\u002Fdatabases\u002Fbackup-recovery","06.databases\u002F09.backup-recovery",[3058],{"title":3053,"path":3059,"stem":3060},"\u002Fdatabases\u002Fbackup-recovery\u002Fbackup-restore","06.databases\u002F09.backup-recovery\u002F01.backup-restore",{"title":3062,"icon":3063,"path":3064,"stem":3065,"children":3066,"page":59},"Повнотекстовий пошук","i-lucide-search","\u002Fdatabases\u002Ffull-text-search","06.databases\u002F10.full-text-search",[3067],{"title":3062,"path":3068,"stem":3069},"\u002Fdatabases\u002Ffull-text-search\u002Ffull-text-search","06.databases\u002F10.full-text-search\u002F01.full-text-search",{"title":3071,"icon":3072,"path":3073,"stem":3074,"children":3075,"page":59},"Tools","i-lucide-wrench","\u002Ftools","07.tools",[3076,3152],{"title":3077,"icon":3078,"path":3079,"stem":3080,"children":3081},"Docker","i-simple-icons-docker","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002Findex",[3082,3084,3088,3092,3096,3100,3104,3108,3112,3116,3120,3124,3128,3132,3136,3140,3144,3148],{"title":3083,"path":3079,"stem":3080},"Docker: від нуля до production",{"title":3085,"path":3086,"stem":3087},"Контейнеризація — від проблеми до рішення","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fcontainerization-concept","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F01.containerization-concept",{"title":3089,"path":3090,"stem":3091},"Docker — що це і навіщо?","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fdocker-what-and-why","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F02.docker-what-and-why",{"title":3093,"path":3094,"stem":3095},"Архітектура Docker Engine","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fdocker-architecture","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F03.docker-architecture",{"title":3097,"path":3098,"stem":3099},"Встановлення Docker","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Finstallation","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F04.installation",{"title":3101,"path":3102,"stem":3103},"Перший контейнер — docker run","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Ffirst-container","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F05.first-container",{"title":3105,"path":3106,"stem":3107},"Життєвий цикл контейнера","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fcontainer-lifecycle","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F06.container-lifecycle",{"title":3109,"path":3110,"stem":3111},"Docker Images — фундаментальні концепції","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fdocker-images-fundamentals","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F07.docker-images-fundamentals",{"title":3113,"path":3114,"stem":3115},"Dockerfile — основи","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fdockerfile-basics","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F08.dockerfile-basics",{"title":3117,"path":3118,"stem":3119},"Dockerfile — просунуті техніки","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fdockerfile-advanced","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F09.dockerfile-advanced",{"title":3121,"path":3122,"stem":3123},"Build Context та кешування шарів","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fbuild-context-and-cache","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F10.build-context-and-cache",{"title":3125,"path":3126,"stem":3127},"Реєстри Docker-образів","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fimage-registries","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F11.image-registries",{"title":3129,"path":3130,"stem":3131},"Контейнеризація .NET додатків","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fdotnet-containerization","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F12.dotnet-containerization",{"title":3133,"path":3134,"stem":3135},"Томи та збереження даних","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fvolumes-and-data","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F13.volumes-and-data",{"title":3137,"path":3138,"stem":3139},"Основи мережі в Docker","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fnetworking-basics","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F14.networking-basics",{"title":3141,"path":3142,"stem":3143},"Змінні оточення та конфігурація","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fenvironment-and-configuration","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F15.environment-and-configuration",{"title":3145,"path":3146,"stem":3147},"Docker Compose — оркестрація контейнерів","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fdocker-compose-basics","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F16.docker-compose-basics",{"title":3149,"path":3150,"stem":3151},"Docker Compose — Multi-Service застосунки","\u002Ftools\u002Fdocker\u002Fcompose-multi-service","07.tools\u002F01.docker\u002F17.compose-multi-service",{"title":3153,"icon":3154,"path":3155,"stem":3156,"children":3157},"Kubernetes","simple-icons:kubernetes","\u002Ftools\u002Fkubernetes","07.tools\u002F02.kubernetes\u002Findex",[3158,3160,3164,3168,3172,3176,3180,3184,3188],{"title":3159,"path":3155,"stem":3156},"Kubernetes: від розробки до production",{"title":3161,"path":3162,"stem":3163},"Kubernetes — коли Docker Compose більше не вистачає","\u002Ftools\u002Fkubernetes\u002Fwhy-kubernetes","07.tools\u002F02.kubernetes\u002F01.why-kubernetes",{"title":3165,"path":3166,"stem":3167},"Архітектура Kubernetes — анатомія кластера","\u002Ftools\u002Fkubernetes\u002Fkubernetes-architecture","07.tools\u002F02.kubernetes\u002F02.kubernetes-architecture",{"title":3169,"path":3170,"stem":3171},"Локальне середовище — minikube, kind та k3s","\u002Ftools\u002Fkubernetes\u002Flocal-environment","07.tools\u002F02.kubernetes\u002F03.local-environment",{"title":3173,"path":3174,"stem":3175},"Pod — атомарна одиниця Kubernetes","\u002Ftools\u002Fkubernetes\u002Fpods-and-containers","07.tools\u002F02.kubernetes\u002F04.pods-and-containers",{"title":3177,"path":3178,"stem":3179},"Патерни використання Pod","\u002Ftools\u002Fkubernetes\u002Fpod-patterns","07.tools\u002F02.kubernetes\u002F05.pod-patterns",{"title":3181,"path":3182,"stem":3183},"Deployment — декларативне управління Pod","\u002Ftools\u002Fkubernetes\u002Fdeployment-basics","07.tools\u002F02.kubernetes\u002F06.deployment-basics",{"title":3185,"path":3186,"stem":3187},"Rolling Updates та управління життєвим циклом Deployment","\u002Ftools\u002Fkubernetes\u002Fdeployment-rolling-updates","07.tools\u002F02.kubernetes\u002F07.deployment-rolling-updates",{"title":3189,"path":3190,"stem":3191},"Service — мережева абстракція для Pod","\u002Ftools\u002Fkubernetes\u002Fservices-networking","07.tools\u002F02.kubernetes\u002F08.services-networking",{"title":3193,"icon":3194,"path":3195,"stem":3196,"children":3197,"page":59},"Software Engineering","i-lucide-code-2","\u002Fsoftware-engineering","09.software-engineering",[3198,3202,3206,3210,3214,3218,3222,3226,3230,3234,3238],{"title":3199,"path":3200,"stem":3201},"1. Аналіз предметної області. Експертні знання та складність","\u002Fsoftware-engineering\u002Fintro-subdomains","09.software-engineering\u002F01.intro-subdomains",{"title":3203,"path":3204,"stem":3205},"2. Обмежені контексти. Інтеграція обмежених контекстів","\u002Fsoftware-engineering\u002Fintegrating-limited-contexts","09.software-engineering\u002F02.integrating-limited-contexts",{"title":3207,"path":3208,"stem":3209},"3. Реалізація простої бізнес-логіки","\u002Fsoftware-engineering\u002Fsimple","09.software-engineering\u002F03.simple",{"title":3211,"path":3212,"stem":3213},"4. Опрацювання складної бізнес-логіки","\u002Fsoftware-engineering\u002Fcomplex-business-logic","09.software-engineering\u002F04.complex-business-logic",{"title":3215,"path":3216,"stem":3217},"5. Моделювання фактора часу. Подієво-орієнтована архітектура.","\u002Fsoftware-engineering\u002Fmodelling-the-time-factor","09.software-engineering\u002F05.modelling-the-time-factor",{"title":3219,"path":3220,"stem":3221},"6. Архітектурні патерни","\u002Fsoftware-engineering\u002Farchitectural-patterns","09.software-engineering\u002F06.architectural-patterns",{"title":3223,"path":3224,"stem":3225},"Паттерни взаємодії","\u002Fsoftware-engineering\u002Fpatterns-of-interaction","09.software-engineering\u002F07.patterns-of-interaction",{"title":3227,"path":3228,"stem":3229},"Евристика проєктування","\u002Fsoftware-engineering\u002Fdesign-heuristics","09.software-engineering\u002F08.design-heuristics",{"title":3231,"path":3232,"stem":3233},"Еволюція проєктних рішень","\u002Fsoftware-engineering\u002Fevolution-of-design-solutions","09.software-engineering\u002F09.evolution-of-design-solutions",{"title":3235,"path":3236,"stem":3237},"EventStorming","\u002Fsoftware-engineering\u002Feventstorming","09.software-engineering\u002F10.eventstorming",{"title":3239,"path":3240,"stem":3241},"DDD на практиці","\u002Fsoftware-engineering\u002Fddd-in-practice","09.software-engineering\u002F11.ddd-in-practice",{"title":3243,"icon":943,"path":3244,"stem":3245,"children":3246,"page":59},"DDD","\u002Fddd","10.ddd",[3247,3251,3255,3259,3263,3267,3271,3275,3279,3283,3287,3291,3295],{"title":3248,"path":3249,"stem":3250},"Аналіз предметної області","\u002Fddd\u002Fdomain-analysis","10.ddd\u002F01.domain-analysis",{"title":3252,"path":3253,"stem":3254},"Експертні знання про предметну область","\u002Fddd\u002Fdomain-expert-knowledge","10.ddd\u002F02.domain-expert-knowledge",{"title":3256,"path":3257,"stem":3258},"Як осмислити складність предметної області","\u002Fddd\u002Fmanaging-domain-complexity","10.ddd\u002F03.managing-domain-complexity",{"title":3260,"path":3261,"stem":3262},"Інтеграція обмежених контекстів","\u002Fddd\u002Fbounded-context-integration","10.ddd\u002F04.bounded-context-integration",{"title":3264,"path":3265,"stem":3266},"Реалізація простої бізнес-логіки","\u002Fddd\u002Fsimple-business-logic","10.ddd\u002F05.simple-business-logic",{"title":3268,"path":3269,"stem":3270},"Обробка складної бізнес-логіки","\u002Fddd\u002Fcomplex-business-logic","10.ddd\u002F06.complex-business-logic",{"title":3272,"path":3273,"stem":3274},"Моделювання фактора часу","\u002Fddd\u002Ftime-modeling","10.ddd\u002F07.time-modeling",{"title":3276,"path":3277,"stem":3278},"Глава 8. Архітектурні Патерни","\u002Fddd\u002Farchitectural-patterns","10.ddd\u002F08.architectural-patterns",{"title":3280,"path":3281,"stem":3282},"Глава 9. Патерни Взаємодії","\u002Fddd\u002Finteraction-patterns","10.ddd\u002F09.interaction-patterns",{"title":3284,"path":3285,"stem":3286},"Глава 10. Проектні Евристики","\u002Fddd\u002Fdesign-heuristics","10.ddd\u002F10.design-heuristics",{"title":3288,"path":3289,"stem":3290},"Глава 11. Еволюція Проектних Рішень","\u002Fddd\u002Fevolution-of-design-decisions","10.ddd\u002F11.evolution-of-design-decisions",{"title":3292,"path":3293,"stem":3294},"Глава 12. EventStorming","\u002Fddd\u002Fevent-storming","10.ddd\u002F12.event-storming",{"title":3296,"path":3297,"stem":3298},"Глава 13. DDD на Практиці","\u002Fddd\u002Fddd-in-practice","10.ddd\u002F13.ddd-in-practice",{"title":3300,"icon":3301,"path":3302,"stem":3303,"children":3304,"page":59},"Media Streaming","i-lucide-video","\u002Fmedia-streaming","11.media-streaming",[3305,3309,3313,3317,3321,3325,3329],{"title":3306,"path":3307,"stem":3308},"01. Магія Стрімінгу: Що відбувається, коли ви натискаєте \"Play\"","\u002Fmedia-streaming\u002Fintroduction","11.media-streaming\u002F01.introduction",{"title":3310,"path":3311,"stem":3312},"02. Анатомія Медіа: Кодеки, Контейнери та Стиснення","\u002Fmedia-streaming\u002Faudio-video-anatomy","11.media-streaming\u002F02.audio-video-anatomy",{"title":3314,"path":3315,"stem":3316},"03. The Gym: FFmpeg Deep Dive","\u002Fmedia-streaming\u002Fffmpeg-gym","11.media-streaming\u002F03.ffmpeg-gym",{"title":3318,"path":3319,"stem":3320},"04. HLS Protocol: HTTP Live Streaming у Деталях","\u002Fmedia-streaming\u002Fhls-protocol","11.media-streaming\u002F04.hls-protocol",{"title":3322,"path":3323,"stem":3324},"05. DASH Protocol: Відкритий Стандарт","\u002Fmedia-streaming\u002Fdash-protocol","11.media-streaming\u002F05.dash-protocol",{"title":3326,"path":3327,"stem":3328},"06. Масштабування: CDN та Adaptive Bitrate","\u002Fmedia-streaming\u002Fcdn-and-adaptive-bitrate","11.media-streaming\u002F06.cdn-and-adaptive-bitrate",{"title":3330,"path":3331,"stem":3332},"07. Війна із Затримкою (Latency)","\u002Fmedia-streaming\u002Frealtime-latency","11.media-streaming\u002F07.realtime-latency",{"title":3334,"icon":3335,"path":3336,"stem":3337,"children":3338,"page":59},"HTML & CSS","i-devicon-html5","\u002Fhtml-css","12.html-css",[3339,3343,3347,3351,3355,3359,3363,3367,3371,3375,3379,3383,3387,3391,3395,3399,3403,3407,3411,3415,3419,3423,3427,3431,3435,3439,3443,3447,3451,3455],{"title":3340,"path":3341,"stem":3342},"Вступ до HTML. Структура документа","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fintro-html-structure","12.html-css\u002F01.intro-html-structure",{"title":3344,"path":3345,"stem":3346},"Форматування тексту в HTML","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fhtml-text-formatting","12.html-css\u002F02.html-text-formatting",{"title":3348,"path":3349,"stem":3350},"Посилання та зображення в HTML","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fhtml-links-images","12.html-css\u002F03.html-links-images",{"title":3352,"path":3353,"stem":3354},"Списки та таблиці в HTML","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fhtml-lists-tables","12.html-css\u002F04.html-lists-tables",{"title":3356,"path":3357,"stem":3358},"Форми в HTML","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fhtml-forms","12.html-css\u002F05.html-forms",{"title":3360,"path":3361,"stem":3362},"Семантичні елементи HTML5","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fhtml-semantic-elements","12.html-css\u002F06.html-semantic-elements",{"title":3364,"path":3365,"stem":3366},"Мультимедіа та розширені елементи HTML","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fhtml-multimedia-advanced","12.html-css\u002F07.html-multimedia-advanced",{"title":3368,"path":3369,"stem":3370},"Мікророзмітка та SEO в HTML","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fhtml-microdata-seo","12.html-css\u002F08.html-microdata-seo",{"title":3372,"path":3373,"stem":3374},"Вступ до CSS. Селектори та специфічність","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-intro-selectors","12.html-css\u002F09.css-intro-selectors",{"title":3376,"path":3377,"stem":3378},"Блокова модель CSS. Відступи. Box Sizing","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-box-model","12.html-css\u002F10.css-box-model",{"title":3380,"path":3381,"stem":3382},"Розміри у CSS: повний довідник одиниць і ключових слів","\u002Fhtml-css\u002F10a.css-sizing","12.html-css\u002F10a.css-sizing",{"title":3384,"path":3385,"stem":3386},"Типографіка в CSS. Шрифти та текст","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-typography","12.html-css\u002F11.css-typography",{"title":3388,"path":3389,"stem":3390},"Кольори та фони в CSS","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-colors-backgrounds","12.html-css\u002F12.css-colors-backgrounds",{"title":3392,"path":3393,"stem":3394},"Тіні та фільтри в CSS","\u002Fhtml-css\u002F12b.css-shadows-filters","12.html-css\u002F12b.css-shadows-filters",{"title":3396,"path":3397,"stem":3398},"CSS Flexbox: Фундамент гнучких макетів","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-flexbox-fundamentals","12.html-css\u002F13.css-flexbox-fundamentals",{"title":3400,"path":3401,"stem":3402},"CSS Flexbox: Вирівнювання та Позиціонування","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-flexbox-alignment-sizing-and-patterns","12.html-css\u002F14.css-flexbox-alignment-sizing-and-patterns",{"title":3404,"path":3405,"stem":3406},"CSS Grid. Двовимірний макет. Частина 1","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-layout-grid","12.html-css\u002F15.css-layout-grid",{"title":3408,"path":3409,"stem":3410},"CSS Grid. Двовимірний макет. Частина 2","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-layout-grid-advanced","12.html-css\u002F16.css-layout-grid-advanced",{"title":3412,"path":3413,"stem":3414},"Позиціонування в CSS. Z-index. Stacking Context","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-positioning","12.html-css\u002F17.css-positioning",{"title":3416,"path":3417,"stem":3418},"CSS Анімації та Переходи","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-animations-transitions","12.html-css\u002F18.css-animations-transitions",{"title":3420,"path":3421,"stem":3422},"Адаптивний дизайн. Media Queries. Частина 1","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-responsive-media-queries","12.html-css\u002F19.css-responsive-media-queries",{"title":3424,"path":3425,"stem":3426},"Адаптивний дизайн. Частина 2: clamp(), Container Queries, @layer","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-responsive-advanced","12.html-css\u002F20.css-responsive-advanced",{"title":3428,"path":3429,"stem":3430},"CSS Custom Properties. Методології. Сучасний CSS","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-variables-methodologies","12.html-css\u002F21.css-variables-methodologies",{"title":3432,"path":3433,"stem":3434},"Сучасний CSS 2023–2025: Нові можливості","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-modern-features","12.html-css\u002F22.css-modern-features",{"title":3436,"path":3437,"stem":3438},"CSS Nesting, @layer, @scope та @property: нативний препроцесор","\u002Fhtml-css\u002F22a.css-nesting-modern-syntax","12.html-css\u002F22a.css-nesting-modern-syntax",{"title":3440,"path":3441,"stem":3442},"CSS для форм та інтерактивних станів","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-forms-interactive-states","12.html-css\u002F23.css-forms-interactive-states",{"title":3444,"path":3445,"stem":3446},"Доступність у CSS (CSS Accessibility)","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-accessibility","12.html-css\u002F24.css-accessibility",{"title":3448,"path":3449,"stem":3450},"CSS-функції та сучасні sizing primitives","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-functions-sizing","12.html-css\u002F25.css-functions-sizing",{"title":3452,"path":3453,"stem":3454},"Rendering Pipeline і CSS Performance","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-rendering-performance","12.html-css\u002F26.css-rendering-performance",{"title":3456,"path":3457,"stem":3458},"CSS Best Practices: типові ситуації та правильні рішення","\u002Fhtml-css\u002Fcss-best-practices","12.html-css\u002F27.css-best-practices",{"title":3460,"path":3461,"stem":3462,"children":3463,"page":59},"AWS","\u002Faws","13.aws",[3464,3468,3472,3476,3480,3484,3488,3492,3496,3500,3504,3508,3512,3516,3520,3524,3528,3532],{"title":3465,"path":3466,"stem":3467},"Реєстрація AWS акаунту та студентські програми","\u002Faws\u002Faccount-registration","13.aws\u002F00.account-registration",{"title":3469,"path":3470,"stem":3471},"Вступ до хмарних обчислень та AWS","\u002Faws\u002Fintroduction-to-cloud","13.aws\u002F01.introduction-to-cloud",{"title":3473,"path":3474,"stem":3475},"AWS IAM — Identity and Access Management","\u002Faws\u002Fiam","13.aws\u002F02.iam",{"title":3477,"path":3478,"stem":3479},"AWS IAM CLI — Довідник команд","\u002Faws\u002F02a.iam-doc","13.aws\u002F02a.iam-doc",{"title":3481,"path":3482,"stem":3483},"Docker та контейнеризація в AWS — ECR, ECS та Fargate","\u002Faws\u002Fdocker-ecs","13.aws\u002F03.docker-ecs",{"title":3485,"path":3486,"stem":3487},"AWS ECR \u002F ECS CLI — Довідник команд","\u002Faws\u002F03a.docker-ecs-doc","13.aws\u002F03a.docker-ecs-doc",{"title":3489,"path":3490,"stem":3491},"Amazon EC2 — Elastic Compute Cloud","\u002Faws\u002Fec2","13.aws\u002F04.ec2",{"title":3493,"path":3494,"stem":3495},"AWS EC2 CLI — Довідник команд","\u002Faws\u002F04a.ec2-doc","13.aws\u002F04a.ec2-doc",{"title":3497,"path":3498,"stem":3499},"Elastic Load Balancing та Auto Scaling","\u002Faws\u002Falb-asg","13.aws\u002F05.alb-asg",{"title":3501,"path":3502,"stem":3503},"Amazon S3 — Simple Storage Service","\u002Faws\u002Fs3","13.aws\u002F06.s3",{"title":3505,"path":3506,"stem":3507},"Amazon CloudFront — Content Delivery Network","\u002Faws\u002Fcloudfront","13.aws\u002F07.cloudfront",{"title":3509,"path":3510,"stem":3511},"Amazon RDS — Relational Database Service","\u002Faws\u002Frds","13.aws\u002F08.rds",{"title":3513,"path":3514,"stem":3515},"Amazon DynamoDB — NoSQL Database","\u002Faws\u002Fdynamodb","13.aws\u002F09.dynamodb",{"title":3517,"path":3518,"stem":3519},"AWS Lambda та Serverless Compute","\u002Faws\u002Flambda","13.aws\u002F10.lambda",{"title":3521,"path":3522,"stem":3523},"Amazon Bedrock - Foundation Models, RAG та Agents","\u002Faws\u002Fbedrock","13.aws\u002F22.bedrock",{"title":3525,"path":3526,"stem":3527},"Amazon Rekognition - Комп'ютерний зір","\u002Faws\u002Frekognition","13.aws\u002F23.rekognition",{"title":3529,"path":3530,"stem":3531},"Amazon Textract - Інтелектуальний аналіз документів","\u002Faws\u002Ftextract","13.aws\u002F24.textract",{"title":3533,"path":3534,"stem":3535},"Amazon Polly, Transcribe, Comprehend та Translate","\u002Faws\u002Faudio-nlp-services","13.aws\u002F25.audio-nlp-services",{"title":3537,"path":3538,"stem":3539,"children":3540,"page":59},"Ai Development","\u002Fai-development","14.ai-development",[3541],{"title":3542,"path":3543,"stem":3544,"children":3545,"page":59},"Foundations","\u002Fai-development\u002Ffoundations","14.ai-development\u002F00.foundations",[3546],{"title":3547,"path":3548,"stem":3549},"Модуль 0.1. Що таке Large Language Model (LLM)","\u002Fai-development\u002Ffoundations\u002Fwhat-is-llm","14.ai-development\u002F00.foundations\u002F01.what-is-llm",{"title":3551,"path":3552,"stem":3553,"children":3554,"page":59},"React Native","\u002Freact-native","15.react-native",[3555,3576],{"title":3556,"path":3557,"stem":3558,"children":3559,"page":59},"Version1","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion1","15.react-native\u002Fversion1",[3560,3564,3568,3572],{"title":3561,"path":3562,"stem":3563},"Що таке React Native","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion1\u002Fwhat-is-react-native","15.react-native\u002Fversion1\u002F01.what-is-react-native",{"title":3565,"path":3566,"stem":3567},"Як влаштований React Native «під капотом»","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion1\u002Freact-native-architecture","15.react-native\u002Fversion1\u002F02.react-native-architecture",{"title":3569,"path":3570,"stem":3571},"Від React до React Native: ключові відмінності","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion1\u002Freact-native-vs-react","15.react-native\u002Fversion1\u002F03.react-native-vs-react",{"title":3573,"path":3574,"stem":3575},"View та Text — фундаментальні будівельні блоки","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion1\u002Fview-and-text","15.react-native\u002Fversion1\u002F04.view-and-text",{"title":3577,"path":3578,"stem":3579,"children":3580,"page":59},"Version2","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2","15.react-native\u002Fversion2",[3581,3585,3589,3593,3597,3601,3605,3609,3613,3617,3621,3625,3629,3633,3637,3641,3645,3649,3653,3657,3661,3665,3669,3673,3677,3681,3685],{"title":3582,"path":3583,"stem":3584},"React Native — навіщо він потрібен","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2\u002Fwhy-react-native","15.react-native\u002Fversion2\u002F01.why-react-native",{"title":3586,"path":3587,"stem":3588},"Налаштування середовища розробки","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2\u002Fenvironment-setup","15.react-native\u002Fversion2\u002F02.environment-setup",{"title":3590,"path":3591,"stem":3592},"Expo і класичний React Native — два шляхи одного фреймворку","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2\u002Fexpo-vs-cli-landscape","15.react-native\u002Fversion2\u002F03.expo-vs-cli-landscape",{"title":3594,"path":3595,"stem":3596},"Середовище Expo — перший запуск","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2\u002Fexpo-setup-and-tooling","15.react-native\u002Fversion2\u002F04.expo-setup-and-tooling",{"title":3598,"path":3599,"stem":3600},"Структура проєкту та перші UI-примітиви","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2\u002Fproject-structure-and-conventions","15.react-native\u002Fversion2\u002F05.project-structure-and-conventions",{"title":3602,"path":3603,"stem":3604},"Базові компоненти React Native","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2\u002Fcore-components","15.react-native\u002Fversion2\u002F06.core-components",{"title":3606,"path":3607,"stem":3608},"Flexbox і layout у React Native","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2\u002Fflexbox-and-layout","15.react-native\u002Fversion2\u002F07.flexbox-and-layout",{"title":3610,"path":3611,"stem":3612},"StyleSheet і теми (light \u002F dark)","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2\u002Fstylesheet-and-theming","15.react-native\u002Fversion2\u002F08.stylesheet-and-theming",{"title":3614,"path":3615,"stem":3616},"Списки та віртуалізація","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2\u002Flists-and-virtualization","15.react-native\u002Fversion2\u002F09.lists-and-virtualization",{"title":3618,"path":3619,"stem":3620},"Форми, ввід і валідація","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2\u002Fforms-input-validation","15.react-native\u002Fversion2\u002F10.forms-input-validation",{"title":3622,"path":3623,"stem":3624},"Основи Expo Router","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2\u002Fexpo-router-basics","15.react-native\u002Fversion2\u002F11.expo-router-basics",{"title":3626,"path":3627,"stem":3628},"Вкладені навігатори та модалки","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2\u002Fnested-navigators-and-modals","15.react-native\u002Fversion2\u002F12.nested-navigators-and-modals",{"title":3630,"path":3631,"stem":3632},"Deep linking і параметри маршрутів","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2\u002Fdeep-linking-and-params","15.react-native\u002Fversion2\u002F13.deep-linking-and-params",{"title":3634,"path":3635,"stem":3636},"Робота з мережею та життєвий цикл застосунку","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2\u002Fnetworking-and-app-lifecycle","15.react-native\u002Fversion2\u002F14.networking-and-app-lifecycle",{"title":3638,"path":3639,"stem":3640},"Redux Toolkit на мобільних платформах","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2\u002Fredux-toolkit-on-mobile","15.react-native\u002Fversion2\u002F15.redux-toolkit-on-mobile",{"title":3642,"path":3643,"stem":3644},"RTK Query на мобільних платформах","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2\u002Frtk-query-mobile","15.react-native\u002Fversion2\u002F16.rtk-query-mobile",{"title":3646,"path":3647,"stem":3648},"Автентифікація та Безпечне Зберігання","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2\u002Fauth-secure-storage","15.react-native\u002Fversion2\u002F18.auth-secure-storage",{"title":3650,"path":3651,"stem":3652},"Локальне сховище — AsyncStorage, MMKV, SQLite","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2\u002Flocal-storage-mmkv-sqlite","15.react-native\u002Fversion2\u002F19.local-storage-mmkv-sqlite",{"title":3654,"path":3655,"stem":3656},"Офлайн-First і синхронізація","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2\u002Foffline-first-sync","15.react-native\u002Fversion2\u002F20.offline-first-sync",{"title":3658,"path":3659,"stem":3660},"Камера, медіа та файлова система","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2\u002Fcamera-media-filesystem","15.react-native\u002Fversion2\u002F21.camera-media-filesystem",{"title":3662,"path":3663,"stem":3664},"Карти та геолокація","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2\u002Fmaps-and-location","15.react-native\u002Fversion2\u002F22.maps-and-location",{"title":3666,"path":3667,"stem":3668},"Жести та дотики","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2\u002Fgestures-and-touch","15.react-native\u002Fversion2\u002F23.gestures-and-touch",{"title":3670,"path":3671,"stem":3672},"Анімації з Reanimated","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2\u002Freanimated-animations","15.react-native\u002Fversion2\u002F24.reanimated-animations",{"title":3674,"path":3675,"stem":3676},"Push і локальні сповіщення","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2\u002Fpush-and-local-notifications","15.react-native\u002Fversion2\u002F25.push-and-local-notifications",{"title":3678,"path":3679,"stem":3680},"Інтернаціоналізація та доступність","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2\u002Faccessibility-and-i18n","15.react-native\u002Fversion2\u002F26.accessibility-and-i18n",{"title":3682,"path":3683,"stem":3684},"EAS Build та профілі збірки","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2\u002Feas-build-and-profiles","15.react-native\u002Fversion2\u002F29.eas-build-and-profiles",{"title":3686,"path":3687,"stem":3688},"Публікація в App Store та Google Play","\u002Freact-native\u002Fversion2\u002Fapp-store-play-release","15.react-native\u002Fversion2\u002F30.app-store-play-release",{"title":3690,"path":3691,"stem":3692,"children":3693,"page":59},"Ai Python","\u002Fai-python","16.ai-python",[3694,3703,3712,3721,3750,3776,3801,3834,3851,3864,3873,3886,3895,3916,3929,3950],{"title":3695,"path":3696,"stem":3697,"children":3698,"page":59},"Intro To Ai","\u002Fai-python\u002Fintro-to-ai","16.ai-python\u002F01.intro-to-ai",[3699],{"title":3700,"path":3701,"stem":3702},"Вступ до штучного інтелекту та машинного навчання","\u002Fai-python\u002Fintro-to-ai\u002Fintro-to-ai","16.ai-python\u002F01.intro-to-ai\u002F01.intro-to-ai",{"title":3704,"path":3705,"stem":3706,"children":3707,"page":59},"Jupyter Notebook","\u002Fai-python\u002Fjupyter-notebook","16.ai-python\u002F02.jupyter-notebook",[3708],{"title":3709,"path":3710,"stem":3711},"Знайомство з Jupyter Notebook та JupyterLab","\u002Fai-python\u002Fjupyter-notebook\u002Fjupyter-notebook","16.ai-python\u002F02.jupyter-notebook\u002F02.jupyter-notebook",{"title":3713,"path":3714,"stem":3715,"children":3716,"page":59},"Numpy Pandas","\u002Fai-python\u002Fnumpy-pandas","16.ai-python\u002F03.numpy-pandas",[3717],{"title":3718,"path":3719,"stem":3720},"Робота з даними з використанням NumPy і pandas","\u002Fai-python\u002Fnumpy-pandas\u002Fnumpy-pandas","16.ai-python\u002F03.numpy-pandas\u002F03.numpy-pandas",{"title":3722,"path":3723,"stem":3724,"children":3725,"page":59},"Statistics Basics","\u002Fai-python\u002Fstatistics-basics","16.ai-python\u002F04.statistics-basics",[3726,3730,3734,3738,3742,3746],{"title":3727,"path":3728,"stem":3729},"Випадкові величини та їх типи","\u002Fai-python\u002Fstatistics-basics\u002Frandom-variables","16.ai-python\u002F04.statistics-basics\u002F01.random-variables",{"title":3731,"path":3732,"stem":3733},"Міри центральної тенденції","\u002Fai-python\u002Fstatistics-basics\u002Fcentral-tendency","16.ai-python\u002F04.statistics-basics\u002F02.central-tendency",{"title":3735,"path":3736,"stem":3737},"Міри варіації (розсіювання)","\u002Fai-python\u002Fstatistics-basics\u002Fvariability","16.ai-python\u002F04.statistics-basics\u002F03.variability",{"title":3739,"path":3740,"stem":3741},"Розподіли випадкових величин","\u002Fai-python\u002Fstatistics-basics\u002Fdistributions","16.ai-python\u002F04.statistics-basics\u002F04.distributions",{"title":3743,"path":3744,"stem":3745},"Кореляція та взаємозв'язки","\u002Fai-python\u002Fstatistics-basics\u002Fcorrelation","16.ai-python\u002F04.statistics-basics\u002F05.correlation",{"title":3747,"path":3748,"stem":3749},"Викиди та аномалії","\u002Fai-python\u002Fstatistics-basics\u002Foutliers","16.ai-python\u002F04.statistics-basics\u002F06.outliers",{"title":3751,"path":3752,"stem":3753,"children":3754},"Візуалізація даних за допомогою matplotlib","\u002Fai-python\u002Fdata-visualization","16.ai-python\u002F05.data-visualization\u002Findex",[3755,3756,3760,3764,3768,3772],{"title":3751,"path":3752,"stem":3753},{"title":3757,"path":3758,"stem":3759},"Основи matplotlib — Figure, Axes та перший графік","\u002Fai-python\u002Fdata-visualization\u002Fmatplotlib-basics","16.ai-python\u002F05.data-visualization\u002F01.matplotlib-basics",{"title":3761,"path":3762,"stem":3763},"Візуалізація розподілів — гістограми та box plots","\u002Fai-python\u002Fdata-visualization\u002Fdistributions","16.ai-python\u002F05.data-visualization\u002F02.distributions",{"title":3765,"path":3766,"stem":3767},"Візуалізація залежностей — scatter plots та кореляція","\u002Fai-python\u002Fdata-visualization\u002Frelationships","16.ai-python\u002F05.data-visualization\u002F03.relationships",{"title":3769,"path":3770,"stem":3771},"Візуалізація категоріальних даних — bar charts та pie charts","\u002Fai-python\u002Fdata-visualization\u002Fcategorical","16.ai-python\u002F05.data-visualization\u002F04.categorical",{"title":3773,"path":3774,"stem":3775},"Композиції та стилізація — subplots та багатопанельні дашборди","\u002Fai-python\u002Fdata-visualization\u002Fsubplots-styling","16.ai-python\u002F05.data-visualization\u002F05.subplots-styling",{"title":3777,"path":3778,"stem":3779,"children":3780,"page":59},"Linear Regression","\u002Fai-python\u002Flinear-regression","16.ai-python\u002F06.linear-regression",[3781,3785,3789,3793,3797],{"title":3782,"path":3783,"stem":3784},"Регресійна задача та лінійна регресія з однією змінною","\u002Fai-python\u002Flinear-regression\u002Fregression-task","16.ai-python\u002F06.linear-regression\u002F01.regression-task",{"title":3786,"path":3787,"stem":3788},"Метрики якості регресії — як оцінити модель","\u002Fai-python\u002Flinear-regression\u002Fquality-metrics","16.ai-python\u002F06.linear-regression\u002F02.quality-metrics",{"title":3790,"path":3791,"stem":3792},"Градієнтний спуск — як модель навчається","\u002Fai-python\u002Flinear-regression\u002Fgradient-descent","16.ai-python\u002F06.linear-regression\u002F03.gradient-descent",{"title":3794,"path":3795,"stem":3796},"Множинна лінійна регресія — модель з багатьма ознаками","\u002Fai-python\u002Flinear-regression\u002Fmultiple-regression","16.ai-python\u002F06.linear-regression\u002F04.multiple-regression",{"title":3798,"path":3799,"stem":3800},"Практичні завдання та резюме модуля","\u002Fai-python\u002Flinear-regression\u002Fpractice","16.ai-python\u002F06.linear-regression\u002F05.practice",{"title":3802,"path":3803,"stem":3804,"children":3805,"page":59},"Practical Regression","\u002Fai-python\u002Fpractical-regression","16.ai-python\u002F07.practical-regression",[3806,3810,3814,3818,3822,3826,3830],{"title":3807,"path":3808,"stem":3809},"Знайомство з scikit-learn","\u002Fai-python\u002Fpractical-regression\u002Fintro-scikit-learn","16.ai-python\u002F07.practical-regression\u002F01.intro-scikit-learn",{"title":3811,"path":3812,"stem":3813},"Exploratory Data Analysis датасету Housing Prices","\u002Fai-python\u002Fpractical-regression\u002Fhousing-dataset-eda","16.ai-python\u002F07.practical-regression\u002F02.housing-dataset-eda",{"title":3815,"path":3816,"stem":3817},"Попередня обробка даних (Data Preprocessing)","\u002Fai-python\u002Fpractical-regression\u002Fdata-preprocessing","16.ai-python\u002F07.practical-regression\u002F03.data-preprocessing",{"title":3819,"path":3820,"stem":3821},"Train\u002FTest Split та перша повноцінна модель","\u002Fai-python\u002Fpractical-regression\u002Ftrain-test-split","16.ai-python\u002F07.practical-regression\u002F04.train-test-split",{"title":3823,"path":3824,"stem":3825},"Перенавчання та недонавчання","\u002Fai-python\u002Fpractical-regression\u002Foverfitting-underfitting","16.ai-python\u002F07.practical-regression\u002F05.overfitting-underfitting",{"title":3827,"path":3828,"stem":3829},"Крос-валідація (Cross-Validation)","\u002Fai-python\u002Fpractical-regression\u002Fcross-validation","16.ai-python\u002F07.practical-regression\u002F06.cross-validation",{"title":3831,"path":3832,"stem":3833},"Гіперпараметри та їх оптимізація","\u002Fai-python\u002Fpractical-regression\u002Fhyperparameter-tuning","16.ai-python\u002F07.practical-regression\u002F07.hyperparameter-tuning",{"title":3835,"path":3836,"stem":3837,"children":3838,"page":59},"Polynomial Regression","\u002Fai-python\u002Fpolynomial-regression","16.ai-python\u002F08.polynomial-regression",[3839,3843,3847],{"title":3840,"path":3841,"stem":3842},"Нелінійні залежності та поліноміальна регресія","\u002Fai-python\u002Fpolynomial-regression\u002Fnonlinear-patterns","16.ai-python\u002F08.polynomial-regression\u002F01.nonlinear-patterns",{"title":3844,"path":3845,"stem":3846},"Регуляризація в регресії — Ridge та Lasso","\u002Fai-python\u002Fpolynomial-regression\u002Fregularization-methods","16.ai-python\u002F08.polynomial-regression\u002F02.regularization-methods",{"title":3848,"path":3849,"stem":3850},"Практика — поліноміальна регресія та регуляризація на Housing Prices","\u002Fai-python\u002Fpolynomial-regression\u002Fhousing-prices-practice","16.ai-python\u002F08.polynomial-regression\u002F03.housing-prices-practice",{"title":3852,"path":3853,"stem":3854,"children":3855,"page":59},"Decision Trees Random Forest","\u002Fai-python\u002Fdecision-trees-random-forest","16.ai-python\u002F09.decision-trees-random-forest",[3856,3860],{"title":3857,"path":3858,"stem":3859},"Дерева рішень — моделі з прозорою та зрозумілою логікою","\u002Fai-python\u002Fdecision-trees-random-forest\u002Fdecision-trees","16.ai-python\u002F09.decision-trees-random-forest\u002F01.decision-trees",{"title":3861,"path":3862,"stem":3863},"Random Forest — ансамблі дерев рішень","\u002Fai-python\u002Fdecision-trees-random-forest\u002Frandom-forest","16.ai-python\u002F09.decision-trees-random-forest\u002F02.random-forest",{"title":3865,"path":3866,"stem":3867,"children":3868,"page":59},"Gradient Boosting","\u002Fai-python\u002Fgradient-boosting","16.ai-python\u002F10.gradient-boosting",[3869],{"title":3870,"path":3871,"stem":3872},"Градієнтний бустинг та XGBoost — послідовне виправлення помилок","\u002Fai-python\u002Fgradient-boosting\u002Fgradient-boosting-xgboost","16.ai-python\u002F10.gradient-boosting\u002F01.gradient-boosting-xgboost",{"title":3874,"path":3875,"stem":3876,"children":3877,"page":59},"Logistic Regression Classification","\u002Fai-python\u002Flogistic-regression-classification","16.ai-python\u002F11.logistic-regression-classification",[3878,3882],{"title":3879,"path":3880,"stem":3881},"Основи класифікації та логістична регресія","\u002Fai-python\u002Flogistic-regression-classification\u002Fclassification-basics","16.ai-python\u002F11.logistic-regression-classification\u002F01.classification-basics",{"title":3883,"path":3884,"stem":3885},"Метрики якості класифікації","\u002Fai-python\u002Flogistic-regression-classification\u002Fclassification-metrics","16.ai-python\u002F11.logistic-regression-classification\u002F02.classification-metrics",{"title":3887,"path":3888,"stem":3889,"children":3890,"page":59},"Neural Networks Basics","\u002Fai-python\u002Fneural-networks-basics","16.ai-python\u002F12.neural-networks-basics",[3891],{"title":3892,"path":3893,"stem":3894},"Вступ до нейронних мереж — від персептрона до багатошарових мереж","\u002Fai-python\u002Fneural-networks-basics\u002Fperceptron-to-mlp","16.ai-python\u002F12.neural-networks-basics\u002F01.perceptron-to-mlp",{"title":3896,"path":3897,"stem":3898,"children":3899,"page":59},"Pytorch Intro","\u002Fai-python\u002Fpytorch-intro","16.ai-python\u002F13.pytorch-intro",[3900,3904,3908,3912],{"title":3901,"path":3902,"stem":3903},"Тензори та автоматичне диференціювання в PyTorch","\u002Fai-python\u002Fpytorch-intro\u002Ftensors-and-autograd","16.ai-python\u002F13.pytorch-intro\u002F01.tensors-and-autograd",{"title":3905,"path":3906,"stem":3907},"Побудова та тренування нейронних мереж у PyTorch","\u002Fai-python\u002Fpytorch-intro\u002Fbuilding-and-training","16.ai-python\u002F13.pytorch-intro\u002F02.building-and-training",{"title":3909,"path":3910,"stem":3911},"Робота з даними та регуляризація в PyTorch","\u002Fai-python\u002Fpytorch-intro\u002Fdata-and-regularization","16.ai-python\u002F13.pytorch-intro\u002F03.data-and-regularization",{"title":3913,"path":3914,"stem":3915},"Просунуті теми PyTorch — GPU, оптимізація та deployment","\u002Fai-python\u002Fpytorch-intro\u002Fadvanced-topics","16.ai-python\u002F13.pytorch-intro\u002F04.advanced-topics",{"title":3917,"path":3918,"stem":3919,"children":3920,"page":59},"Activation Functions Heart Disease","\u002Fai-python\u002Factivation-functions-heart-disease","16.ai-python\u002F14.activation-functions-heart-disease",[3921,3925],{"title":3922,"path":3923,"stem":3924},"Функції активації та побудова нейронної мережі для передбачення вад серця","\u002Fai-python\u002Factivation-functions-heart-disease\u002Fheart-disease-prediction","16.ai-python\u002F14.activation-functions-heart-disease\u002F01.heart-disease-prediction",{"title":3926,"path":3927,"stem":3928},"Бонус — Повний приклад Student Performance Prediction","\u002Fai-python\u002Factivation-functions-heart-disease\u002Fstudent-performance-bonus","16.ai-python\u002F14.activation-functions-heart-disease\u002F02.student-performance-bonus",{"title":3930,"path":3931,"stem":3932,"children":3933,"page":59},"Cnn Image Classification","\u002Fai-python\u002Fcnn-image-classification","16.ai-python\u002F15.cnn-image-classification",[3934,3938,3942,3946],{"title":3935,"path":3936,"stem":3937},"Основи згорткових нейронних мереж — чому не MLP?","\u002Fai-python\u002Fcnn-image-classification\u002Fcnn-fundamentals","16.ai-python\u002F15.cnn-image-classification\u002F01.cnn-fundamentals",{"title":3939,"path":3940,"stem":3941},"Практична імплементація CNN для класифікації MNIST","\u002Fai-python\u002Fcnn-image-classification\u002Fmnist-classification","16.ai-python\u002F15.cnn-image-classification\u002F02.mnist-classification",{"title":3943,"path":3944,"stem":3945},"Глибші CNN та аугментація даних для CIFAR-10","\u002Fai-python\u002Fcnn-image-classification\u002Fcifar10-and-data-augmentation","16.ai-python\u002F15.cnn-image-classification\u002F03.cifar10-and-data-augmentation",{"title":3947,"path":3948,"stem":3949},"Transfer Learning та візуалізація внутрішніх представлень CNN","\u002Fai-python\u002Fcnn-image-classification\u002Ftransfer-learning-and-visualization","16.ai-python\u002F15.cnn-image-classification\u002F04.transfer-learning-and-visualization",{"title":3951,"path":3952,"stem":3953,"children":3954,"page":59},"Batching Normalization Deep Networks","\u002Fai-python\u002Fbatching-normalization-deep-networks","16.ai-python\u002F16.batching-normalization-deep-networks",[3955,3959,3963,3967,3971,3975,3979],{"title":3956,"path":3957,"stem":3958},"Mini-batch Gradient Descent та ефективна обробка даних","\u002Fai-python\u002Fbatching-normalization-deep-networks\u002Fmini-batch-gradient-descent","16.ai-python\u002F16.batching-normalization-deep-networks\u002F01.mini-batch-gradient-descent",{"title":3960,"path":3961,"stem":3962},"Ініціалізація ваг — фундамент стабільного навчання","\u002Fai-python\u002Fbatching-normalization-deep-networks\u002Fweight-initialization","16.ai-python\u002F16.batching-normalization-deep-networks\u002F02.weight-initialization",{"title":3964,"path":3965,"stem":3966},"Batch Normalization — прорив у глибокому навчанні","\u002Fai-python\u002Fbatching-normalization-deep-networks\u002Fbatch-normalization","16.ai-python\u002F16.batching-normalization-deep-networks\u002F03.batch-normalization",{"title":3968,"path":3969,"stem":3970},"Dropout та комбіновані стратегії регуляризації","\u002Fai-python\u002Fbatching-normalization-deep-networks\u002Fdropout-and-regularization","16.ai-python\u002F16.batching-normalization-deep-networks\u002F04.dropout-and-regularization",{"title":3972,"path":3973,"stem":3974},"Проєктування глибоких мереж — від теорії до практики","\u002Fai-python\u002Fbatching-normalization-deep-networks\u002Fdeep-networks-architectures","16.ai-python\u002F16.batching-normalization-deep-networks\u002F05.deep-networks-architectures",{"title":3976,"path":3977,"stem":3978},"Планування learning rate — коли та як зменшувати крок навчання","\u002Fai-python\u002Fbatching-normalization-deep-networks\u002Flearning-rate-scheduling","16.ai-python\u002F16.batching-normalization-deep-networks\u002F06.learning-rate-scheduling",{"title":3980,"path":3981,"stem":3982},"Підсумковий проєкт — побудова сучасного класифікатора зображень","\u002Fai-python\u002Fbatching-normalization-deep-networks\u002Ffinal-project-deep-classifier","16.ai-python\u002F16.batching-normalization-deep-networks\u002F07.final-project-deep-classifier",{"title":3984,"icon":658,"path":3985,"stem":3986,"children":3987,"page":59},"Клієнт-серверна архітектура","\u002Fclient-server-architecture","17.client-server-architecture",[3988,3992,3996,4000,4004,4008,4012,4016,4020,4024,4028,4032,4036,4040,4044,4048,4052,4056],{"title":3989,"path":3990,"stem":3991},"Архітектура клієнт-серверних систем та основи Go","\u002Fclient-server-architecture\u002Fclient-server-architecture-and-go","17.client-server-architecture\u002F01.client-server-architecture-and-go",{"title":3993,"path":3994,"stem":3995},"Система типів та модель пам’яті мови Go","\u002Fclient-server-architecture\u002Ftype-system-and-memory-model","17.client-server-architecture\u002F02.type-system-and-memory-model",{"title":3997,"path":3998,"stem":3999},"Інтерфейси та модель конкурентності мови Go","\u002Fclient-server-architecture\u002Finterfaces-and-concurrency-model","17.client-server-architecture\u002F03.interfaces-and-concurrency-model",{"title":4001,"path":4002,"stem":4003},"Сокетне програмування та протокол TCP у Go","\u002Fclient-server-architecture\u002Ftcp-socket-programming","17.client-server-architecture\u002F04.tcp-socket-programming",{"title":4005,"path":4006,"stem":4007},"Протокол UDP та датаграмна передача даних","\u002Fclient-server-architecture\u002Fudp-datagram-transmission","17.client-server-architecture\u002F05.udp-datagram-transmission",{"title":4009,"path":4010,"stem":4011},"Криптографічний захист каналів зв","\u002Fclient-server-architecture\u002Ftls-cryptographic-channel-protection","17.client-server-architecture\u002F06.tls-cryptographic-channel-protection",{"title":4013,"path":4014,"stem":4015},"Прикладні мережеві протоколи DNS та SMTP","\u002Fclient-server-architecture\u002Fdns-smtp-application-protocols","17.client-server-architecture\u002F07.dns-smtp-application-protocols",{"title":4017,"path":4018,"stem":4019},"Протокол HTTP та стандартний вебсервер Go","\u002Fclient-server-architecture\u002Fhttp-protocol-and-web-server","17.client-server-architecture\u002F08.http-protocol-and-web-server",{"title":4021,"path":4022,"stem":4023},"Проєктування REST API та маршрутизація засобами Chi","\u002Fclient-server-architecture\u002Frest-api-design-and-chi-routing","17.client-server-architecture\u002F09.rest-api-design-and-chi-routing",{"title":4025,"path":4026,"stem":4027},"Лекція 10. Шарувата архітектура та конвеєри обробки запитів","\u002Fclient-server-architecture\u002Flayered-architecture-and-middleware-pipelines","17.client-server-architecture\u002F10.layered-architecture-and-middleware-pipelines",{"title":4029,"path":4030,"stem":4031},"Лекція 11. Архітектура та маршрутизація фреймворку Gin","\u002Fclient-server-architecture\u002Fgin-framework-architecture-and-routing","17.client-server-architecture\u002F11.gin-framework-architecture-and-routing",{"title":4033,"path":4034,"stem":4035},"Лекція 12. Валідація даних, безпека та документування у Gin","\u002Fclient-server-architecture\u002Fdata-validation-security-and-documentation-in-gin","17.client-server-architecture\u002F12.data-validation-security-and-documentation-in-gin",{"title":4037,"path":4038,"stem":4039},"Лекція 13. Взаємодія з реляційними СУБД та технології ORM","\u002Fclient-server-architecture\u002Frelational-databases-and-orm","17.client-server-architecture\u002F13.relational-databases-and-orm",{"title":4041,"path":4042,"stem":4043},"Потокова передача даних та протокол WebSocket","\u002Fclient-server-architecture\u002Fstreaming-data-and-websockets","17.client-server-architecture\u002F14.streaming-data-and-websockets",{"title":4045,"path":4046,"stem":4047},"Міжсервісна взаємодія на основі протоколу gRPC","\u002Fclient-server-architecture\u002Fgrpc-inter-service-communication","17.client-server-architecture\u002F15.grpc-inter-service-communication",{"title":4049,"path":4050,"stem":4051},"Асинхронний обмін повідомленнями та протоколи черг","\u002Fclient-server-architecture\u002Fasynchronous-message-exchange-and-queue-protocols","17.client-server-architecture\u002F16.asynchronous-message-exchange-and-queue-protocols",{"title":4053,"path":4054,"stem":4055},"Протоколи потокового медіа та технологія WebRTC","\u002Fclient-server-architecture\u002Fstreaming-media-protocols-and-webrtc","17.client-server-architecture\u002F17.streaming-media-protocols-and-webrtc",{"title":4057,"path":4058,"stem":4059},"Моніторинг, безпека та контейнеризація застосунків","\u002Fclient-server-architecture\u002Fmonitoring-security-and-containerization","17.client-server-architecture\u002F18.monitoring-security-and-containerization",{"title":4061,"icon":2118,"path":4062,"stem":4063,"children":4064,"page":59},"Розробка WEB-застосувань","\u002Fweb-development","18.web-development",[4065,4110,4148,4177,4206,4263,4313,4407,4473,4555,4588,4616,4658,4704,4747],{"title":4066,"icon":658,"path":4067,"stem":4068,"children":4069,"page":59},"Архітектура комп'ютерних мереж та мережеві протоколи","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnetwork-architecture-and-protocols","18.web-development\u002F01.network-architecture-and-protocols",[4070,4074,4078,4082,4086,4090,4094,4098,4102,4106],{"title":4071,"path":4072,"stem":4073},"Еволюція веброзробки та модель клієнт-сервер","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnetwork-architecture-and-protocols\u002Fweb-evolution-client-server","18.web-development\u002F01.network-architecture-and-protocols\u002F01.web-evolution-client-server",{"title":4075,"path":4076,"stem":4077},"Еталонна модель OSI","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnetwork-architecture-and-protocols\u002Fosi-model","18.web-development\u002F01.network-architecture-and-protocols\u002F02.osi-model",{"title":4079,"path":4080,"stem":4081},"Стек протоколів TCP\u002FIP","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnetwork-architecture-and-protocols\u002Ftcp-ip-stack","18.web-development\u002F01.network-architecture-and-protocols\u002F03.tcp-ip-stack",{"title":4083,"path":4084,"stem":4085},"IP-адресація, порти та сокети","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnetwork-architecture-and-protocols\u002Fip-addressing-ports-sockets","18.web-development\u002F01.network-architecture-and-protocols\u002F04.ip-addressing-ports-sockets",{"title":4087,"path":4088,"stem":4089},"Протоколи TCP та UDP","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnetwork-architecture-and-protocols\u002Ftcp-udp-protocols","18.web-development\u002F01.network-architecture-and-protocols\u002F05.tcp-udp-protocols",{"title":4091,"path":4092,"stem":4093},"Система доменних імен DNS","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnetwork-architecture-and-protocols\u002Fdns-system","18.web-development\u002F01.network-architecture-and-protocols\u002F06.dns-system",{"title":4095,"path":4096,"stem":4097},"Протокол SMTP та поштові протоколи","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnetwork-architecture-and-protocols\u002Fsmtp-email-protocols","18.web-development\u002F01.network-architecture-and-protocols\u002F07.smtp-email-protocols",{"title":4099,"path":4100,"stem":4101},"Протокол WebSocket","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnetwork-architecture-and-protocols\u002Fwebsocket-protocol","18.web-development\u002F01.network-architecture-and-protocols\u002F08.websocket-protocol",{"title":4103,"path":4104,"stem":4105},"Протокол SSH","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnetwork-architecture-and-protocols\u002Fssh-protocol","18.web-development\u002F01.network-architecture-and-protocols\u002F09.ssh-protocol",{"title":4107,"path":4108,"stem":4109},"Огляд сучасних серверних технологій","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnetwork-architecture-and-protocols\u002Fmodern-backend-technologies","18.web-development\u002F01.network-architecture-and-protocols\u002F10.modern-backend-technologies",{"title":4111,"icon":4112,"path":4113,"stem":4114,"children":4115,"page":59},"Протокол HTTP та захищена передача даних HTTPS","i-lucide-lock","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fhttp-and-https","18.web-development\u002F02.http-and-https",[4116,4120,4124,4128,4132,4136,4140,4144],{"title":4117,"path":4118,"stem":4119},"Вступ до протоколу HTTP та еволюція веб-технологій","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fhttp-and-https\u002Fintroduction-and-evolution","18.web-development\u002F02.http-and-https\u002F01.introduction-and-evolution",{"title":4121,"path":4122,"stem":4123},"Анатомія HTTP-запиту","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fhttp-and-https\u002Fhttp-request-structure","18.web-development\u002F02.http-and-https\u002F02.http-request-structure",{"title":4125,"path":4126,"stem":4127},"Анатомія HTTP-відповіді","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fhttp-and-https\u002Fhttp-response-structure","18.web-development\u002F02.http-and-https\u002F03.http-response-structure",{"title":4129,"path":4130,"stem":4131},"Методи HTTP та їхня семантика","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fhttp-and-https\u002Fhttp-methods","18.web-development\u002F02.http-and-https\u002F04.http-methods",{"title":4133,"path":4134,"stem":4135},"Коди статусу HTTP та їхнє призначення","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fhttp-and-https\u002Fhttp-status-codes","18.web-development\u002F02.http-and-https\u002F05.http-status-codes",{"title":4137,"path":4138,"stem":4139},"HTTP-заголовки та їхнє призначення","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fhttp-and-https\u002Fhttp-headers","18.web-development\u002F02.http-and-https\u002F06.http-headers",{"title":4141,"path":4142,"stem":4143},"CORS та механізми безпеки HTTP","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fhttp-and-https\u002Fcors-and-security","18.web-development\u002F02.http-and-https\u002F07.cors-and-security",{"title":4145,"path":4146,"stem":4147},"HTTPS та криптографічні основи TLS","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fhttp-and-https\u002Fhttps-and-tls","18.web-development\u002F02.http-and-https\u002F08.https-and-tls",{"title":4149,"icon":2498,"path":4150,"stem":4151,"children":4152,"page":59},"Система типів мови TypeScript","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftypescript-type-system","18.web-development\u002F03.typescript-type-system",[4153,4157,4161,4165,4169,4173],{"title":4154,"path":4155,"stem":4156},"Знайомство з TypeScript Compiler","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftypescript-type-system\u002Fintroduction-compiler-config","18.web-development\u002F03.typescript-type-system\u002F01.introduction-compiler-config",{"title":4158,"path":4159,"stem":4160},"Примітивні типи даних: string, number, boolean","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftypescript-type-system\u002Fprimitive-special-types","18.web-development\u002F03.typescript-type-system\u002F02.primitive-special-types",{"title":4162,"path":4163,"stem":4164},"Масиви, кортежі та об","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftypescript-type-system\u002Farrays-tuples-objects","18.web-development\u002F03.typescript-type-system\u002F03.arrays-tuples-objects",{"title":4166,"path":4167,"stem":4168},"Псевдоніми типів, Union типи, Intersection типи та літеральні типи","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftypescript-type-system\u002Funion-intersection-literals","18.web-development\u002F03.typescript-type-system\u002F04.union-intersection-literals",{"title":4170,"path":4171,"stem":4172},"Type Narrowing (звуження типів)","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftypescript-type-system\u002Ftype-narrowing","18.web-development\u002F03.typescript-type-system\u002F05.type-narrowing",{"title":4174,"path":4175,"stem":4176},"Типізація функцій","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftypescript-type-system\u002Ffunctions-typing","18.web-development\u002F03.typescript-type-system\u002F06.functions-typing",{"title":4178,"icon":2498,"path":4179,"stem":4180,"children":4181,"page":59},"Розширені засоби мови TypeScript","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftypescript-advanced","18.web-development\u002F04.typescript-advanced",[4182,4186,4190,4194,4198,4202],{"title":4183,"path":4184,"stem":4185},"Interfaces та Classes","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftypescript-advanced\u002Finterfaces-classes","18.web-development\u002F04.typescript-advanced\u002F01.interfaces-classes",{"title":4187,"path":4188,"stem":4189},"Основи Generic типів","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftypescript-advanced\u002Fgenerics-fundamentals","18.web-development\u002F04.typescript-advanced\u002F02.generics-fundamentals",{"title":4191,"path":4192,"stem":4193},"Enums та Decorators","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftypescript-advanced\u002Fenums-decorators","18.web-development\u002F04.typescript-advanced\u002F03.enums-decorators",{"title":4195,"path":4196,"stem":4197},"Utility Types","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftypescript-advanced\u002Futility-types","18.web-development\u002F04.typescript-advanced\u002F04.utility-types",{"title":4199,"path":4200,"stem":4201},"Mapped та Conditional Types","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftypescript-advanced\u002Fmapped-conditional-types","18.web-development\u002F04.typescript-advanced\u002F05.mapped-conditional-types",{"title":4203,"path":4204,"stem":4205},"Модулі та Strict Mode","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftypescript-advanced\u002Fmodules-strict-mode","18.web-development\u002F04.typescript-advanced\u002F06.modules-strict-mode",{"title":4207,"icon":4208,"path":4209,"stem":4210,"children":4211,"page":59},"Платформа Node.js як середовище виконання","i-devicon-nodejs","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnodejs-platform","18.web-development\u002F05.nodejs-platform",[4212,4216,4220,4224,4228,4232,4236,4240,4244,4248,4252,4255,4259],{"title":4213,"path":4214,"stem":4215},"Що таке Node.js та його архітектура","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnodejs-platform\u002Fwhat-is-nodejs","18.web-development\u002F05.nodejs-platform\u002F01.what-is-nodejs",{"title":4217,"path":4218,"stem":4219},"Event Loop — серце Node.js","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnodejs-platform\u002Fevent-loop","18.web-development\u002F05.nodejs-platform\u002F02.event-loop",{"title":4221,"path":4222,"stem":4223},"Модульні системи: CommonJS vs ES Modules","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnodejs-platform\u002Fmodule-systems","18.web-development\u002F05.nodejs-platform\u002F03.module-systems",{"title":4225,"path":4226,"stem":4227},"npm та package.json","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnodejs-platform\u002Fnpm-package-json","18.web-development\u002F05.nodejs-platform\u002F04.npm-package-json",{"title":4229,"path":4230,"stem":4231},"Глобальні об\\","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnodejs-platform\u002Fglobal-objects","18.web-development\u002F05.nodejs-platform\u002F05.global-objects",{"title":4233,"path":4234,"stem":4235},"Вбудований модуль fs (File System)","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnodejs-platform\u002Fbuilt-in-modules-fs","18.web-development\u002F05.nodejs-platform\u002F06.built-in-modules-fs",{"title":4237,"path":4238,"stem":4239},"Вбудований модуль path","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnodejs-platform\u002Fbuilt-in-modules-path","18.web-development\u002F05.nodejs-platform\u002F07.built-in-modules-path",{"title":4241,"path":4242,"stem":4243},"Вбудований модуль http","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnodejs-platform\u002Fbuilt-in-modules-http","18.web-development\u002F05.nodejs-platform\u002F08.built-in-modules-http",{"title":4245,"path":4246,"stem":4247},"Streams — потоки даних у Node.js","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnodejs-platform\u002Fstreams","18.web-development\u002F05.nodejs-platform\u002F09.streams",{"title":4249,"path":4250,"stem":4251},"Вбудований модуль util (Utilities)","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnodejs-platform\u002Fbuilt-in-modules-util","18.web-development\u002F05.nodejs-platform\u002F10.built-in-modules-util",{"title":3141,"path":4253,"stem":4254},"\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnodejs-platform\u002Fenvironment-variables","18.web-development\u002F05.nodejs-platform\u002F11.environment-variables",{"title":4256,"path":4257,"stem":4258},"Інструменти налагодження та розробки","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnodejs-platform\u002Fdebugging-tools","18.web-development\u002F05.nodejs-platform\u002F12.debugging-tools",{"title":4260,"path":4261,"stem":4262},"Продуктивність та Best Practices","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnodejs-platform\u002Fperformance-best-practices","18.web-development\u002F05.nodejs-platform\u002F13.performance-best-practices",{"title":4264,"icon":4265,"path":4266,"stem":4267,"children":4268,"page":59},"Асинхронне програмування у Node.js","i-lucide-clock","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fasync-programming-nodejs","18.web-development\u002F06.async-programming-nodejs",[4269,4273,4277,4281,4285,4289,4293,4297,4301,4305,4309],{"title":4270,"path":4271,"stem":4272},"Синхронний vs асинхронний код","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fasync-programming-nodejs\u002Fsync-vs-async","18.web-development\u002F06.async-programming-nodejs\u002F01.sync-vs-async",{"title":4274,"path":4275,"stem":4276},"Callbacks — перша парадигма асинхронності","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fasync-programming-nodejs\u002Fcallbacks","18.web-development\u002F06.async-programming-nodejs\u002F02.callbacks",{"title":4278,"path":4279,"stem":4280},"Promises — стандарт асинхронності","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fasync-programming-nodejs\u002Fpromises","18.web-development\u002F06.async-programming-nodejs\u002F03.promises",{"title":4282,"path":4283,"stem":4284},"Promise комбінатори","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fasync-programming-nodejs\u002Fpromise-combinators","18.web-development\u002F06.async-programming-nodejs\u002F04.promise-combinators",{"title":4286,"path":4287,"stem":4288},"Async\u002FAwait — синтаксичний цукор над Promises","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fasync-programming-nodejs\u002Fasync-await","18.web-development\u002F06.async-programming-nodejs\u002F05.async-await",{"title":4290,"path":4291,"stem":4292},"Паралельне vs послідовне виконання","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fasync-programming-nodejs\u002Fparallel-vs-sequential","18.web-development\u002F06.async-programming-nodejs\u002F06.parallel-vs-sequential",{"title":4294,"path":4295,"stem":4296},"EventEmitter — подієва модель Node.js","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fasync-programming-nodejs\u002Fevent-emitter","18.web-development\u002F06.async-programming-nodejs\u002F07.event-emitter",{"title":4298,"path":4299,"stem":4300},"Worker Threads — багатопотоковість у Node.js","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fasync-programming-nodejs\u002Fworker-threads","18.web-development\u002F06.async-programming-nodejs\u002F08.worker-threads",{"title":4302,"path":4303,"stem":4304},"Child Processes — запуск зовнішніх процесів","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fasync-programming-nodejs\u002Fchild-processes","18.web-development\u002F06.async-programming-nodejs\u002F09.child-processes",{"title":4306,"path":4307,"stem":4308},"Обробка помилок у асинхронному коді","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fasync-programming-nodejs\u002Ferror-handling","18.web-development\u002F06.async-programming-nodejs\u002F10.error-handling",{"title":4310,"path":4311,"stem":4312},"Порівняння Node.js фреймворків","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fasync-programming-nodejs\u002Fnodejs-frameworks","18.web-development\u002F06.async-programming-nodejs\u002F11.nodejs-frameworks",{"title":4314,"icon":4315,"path":4316,"stem":4317,"children":4318,"page":59},"Тема 7. Фреймворк NestJS. Контролери та маршрутизація","i-lucide-route","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-controllers-routing","18.web-development\u002F07.nestjs-controllers-routing",[4319,4323,4327,4331,4335,4339,4343,4347,4351,4355,4359,4363,4367,4371,4375,4379,4383,4387,4391,4395,4399,4403],{"title":4320,"path":4321,"stem":4322},"Філософія та архітектура NestJS","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-controllers-routing\u002Fnestjs-philosophy","18.web-development\u002F07.nestjs-controllers-routing\u002F01.nestjs-philosophy",{"title":4324,"path":4325,"stem":4326},"Три стовпи архітектури: модулі, контролери, провайдери","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-controllers-routing\u002Fthree-pillars","18.web-development\u002F07.nestjs-controllers-routing\u002F02.three-pillars",{"title":4328,"path":4329,"stem":4330},"Інверсія керування (IoC) та ін","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-controllers-routing\u002Fioc-and-di","18.web-development\u002F07.nestjs-controllers-routing\u002F03.ioc-and-di",{"title":4332,"path":4333,"stem":4334},"Встановлення NestJS CLI та створення проєкту","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-controllers-routing\u002Fnestjs-cli-setup","18.web-development\u002F07.nestjs-controllers-routing\u002F04.nestjs-cli-setup",{"title":4336,"path":4337,"stem":4338},"Структура проєкту NestJS та конвенції","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-controllers-routing\u002Fproject-structure","18.web-development\u002F07.nestjs-controllers-routing\u002F05.project-structure",{"title":4340,"path":4341,"stem":4342},"Контролери: основи маршрутизації","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-controllers-routing\u002Fcontrollers-basics","18.web-development\u002F07.nestjs-controllers-routing\u002F06.controllers-basics",{"title":4344,"path":4345,"stem":4346},"Декоратори маршрутизації HTTP-методів","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-controllers-routing\u002Froute-decorators","18.web-development\u002F07.nestjs-controllers-routing\u002F07.route-decorators",{"title":4348,"path":4349,"stem":4350},"Параметри маршруту та декоратор @Param","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-controllers-routing\u002Froute-parameters","18.web-development\u002F07.nestjs-controllers-routing\u002F08.route-parameters",{"title":4352,"path":4353,"stem":4354},"Query-параметри та декоратор @Query","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-controllers-routing\u002Fquery-parameters","18.web-development\u002F07.nestjs-controllers-routing\u002F09.query-parameters",{"title":4356,"path":4357,"stem":4358},"Тіло запиту та декоратор @Body","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-controllers-routing\u002Frequest-body","18.web-development\u002F07.nestjs-controllers-routing\u002F10.request-body",{"title":4360,"path":4361,"stem":4362},"Робота з заголовками запиту та відповіді","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-controllers-routing\u002Fheaders-decorators","18.web-development\u002F07.nestjs-controllers-routing\u002F11.headers-decorators",{"title":4364,"path":4365,"stem":4366},"Data Transfer Objects (DTO): визначення та призначення","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-controllers-routing\u002Fdto-introduction","18.web-development\u002F07.nestjs-controllers-routing\u002F12.dto-introduction",{"title":4368,"path":4369,"stem":4370},"Об'єкти Request та Response","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-controllers-routing\u002Frequest-response-objects","18.web-development\u002F07.nestjs-controllers-routing\u002F13.request-response-objects",{"title":4372,"path":4373,"stem":4374},"HTTP-статус коди та декоратор @HttpCode","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-controllers-routing\u002Fhttp-status-codes","18.web-development\u002F07.nestjs-controllers-routing\u002F14.http-status-codes",{"title":4376,"path":4377,"stem":4378},"Перенаправлення (Redirects) та декоратор @Redirect","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-controllers-routing\u002Fredirects","18.web-development\u002F07.nestjs-controllers-routing\u002F15.redirects",{"title":4380,"path":4381,"stem":4382},"Асинхронні обробники та Observables","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-controllers-routing\u002Fasync-handlers","18.web-development\u002F07.nestjs-controllers-routing\u002F16.async-handlers",{"title":4384,"path":4385,"stem":4386},"Маршрутизація за піддоменами та версіонування API","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-controllers-routing\u002Fsub-domain-routing","18.web-development\u002F07.nestjs-controllers-routing\u002F17.sub-domain-routing",{"title":4388,"path":4389,"stem":4390},"Області видимості контролерів (Scopes)","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-controllers-routing\u002Fcontroller-scopes","18.web-development\u002F07.nestjs-controllers-routing\u002F18.controller-scopes",{"title":4392,"path":4393,"stem":4394},"Основні команди NestJS CLI","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-controllers-routing\u002Fnestjs-cli-commands","18.web-development\u002F07.nestjs-controllers-routing\u002F19.nestjs-cli-commands",{"title":4396,"path":4397,"stem":4398},"Практичний приклад: створення CRUD-контролера","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-controllers-routing\u002Fcrud-example","18.web-development\u002F07.nestjs-controllers-routing\u002F20.crud-example",{"title":4400,"path":4401,"stem":4402},"Тестування контролерів","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-controllers-routing\u002Ftesting-controllers","18.web-development\u002F07.nestjs-controllers-routing\u002F21.testing-controllers",{"title":4404,"path":4405,"stem":4406},"Best Practices для контролерів та маршрутизації","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-controllers-routing\u002Fbest-practices","18.web-development\u002F07.nestjs-controllers-routing\u002F22.best-practices",{"title":4408,"icon":4409,"path":4410,"stem":4411,"children":4412,"page":59},"Тема 8. Провайдери, сервіси та модульна система NestJS","i-lucide-package","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-providers-modules","18.web-development\u002F08.nestjs-providers-modules",[4413,4417,4421,4425,4429,4433,4437,4441,4445,4449,4453,4457,4461,4465,4469],{"title":4414,"path":4415,"stem":4416},"Концепція провайдерів у NestJS","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-providers-modules\u002Fproviders-concept","18.web-development\u002F08.nestjs-providers-modules\u002F01.providers-concept",{"title":4418,"path":4419,"stem":4420},"Сервіси: інкапсуляція бізнес-логіки","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-providers-modules\u002Fservices-business-logic","18.web-development\u002F08.nestjs-providers-modules\u002F02.services-business-logic",{"title":4422,"path":4423,"stem":4424},"Практика ін","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-providers-modules\u002Fdependency-injection-practice","18.web-development\u002F08.nestjs-providers-modules\u002F03.dependency-injection-practice",{"title":4426,"path":4427,"stem":4428},"Custom Providers: useValue, useClass, useFactory, useExisting","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-providers-modules\u002Fcustom-providers","18.web-development\u002F08.nestjs-providers-modules\u002F04.custom-providers",{"title":4430,"path":4431,"stem":4432},"Injection Tokens: рядкові та символьні токени","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-providers-modules\u002Finjection-tokens","18.web-development\u002F08.nestjs-providers-modules\u002F05.injection-tokens",{"title":4434,"path":4435,"stem":4436},"Опціональні провайдери та декоратор @Optional","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-providers-modules\u002Foptional-providers","18.web-development\u002F08.nestjs-providers-modules\u002F07.optional-providers",{"title":4438,"path":4439,"stem":4440},"Структура модулів: imports, controllers, providers, exports","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-providers-modules\u002Fmodules-structure","18.web-development\u002F08.nestjs-providers-modules\u002F08.modules-structure",{"title":4442,"path":4443,"stem":4444},"Feature Modules: ізоляція функціональності","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-providers-modules\u002Ffeature-modules","18.web-development\u002F08.nestjs-providers-modules\u002F09.feature-modules",{"title":4446,"path":4447,"stem":4448},"Shared Modules: перевикористання провайдерів","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-providers-modules\u002Fshared-modules","18.web-development\u002F08.nestjs-providers-modules\u002F10.shared-modules",{"title":4450,"path":4451,"stem":4452},"Global Modules та декоратор @Global","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-providers-modules\u002Fglobal-modules","18.web-development\u002F08.nestjs-providers-modules\u002F11.global-modules",{"title":4454,"path":4455,"stem":4456},"Dynamic Modules: конфігурація під час виконання","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-providers-modules\u002Fdynamic-modules","18.web-development\u002F08.nestjs-providers-modules\u002F12.dynamic-modules",{"title":4458,"path":4459,"stem":4460},"Циклічні залежності та forwardRef","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-providers-modules\u002Fcircular-dependencies","18.web-development\u002F08.nestjs-providers-modules\u002F13.circular-dependencies",{"title":4462,"path":4463,"stem":4464},"Lifecycle Hooks: хуки життєвого циклу","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-providers-modules\u002Flifecycle-hooks","18.web-development\u002F08.nestjs-providers-modules\u002F14.lifecycle-hooks",{"title":4466,"path":4467,"stem":4468},"ModuleRef: динамічний доступ до провайдерів","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-providers-modules\u002Fmodule-reference","18.web-development\u002F08.nestjs-providers-modules\u002F15.module-reference",{"title":4470,"path":4471,"stem":4472},"Тестування сервісів та провайдерів","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-providers-modules\u002Ftesting-services","18.web-development\u002F08.nestjs-providers-modules\u002F16.testing-services",{"title":4474,"icon":4475,"path":4476,"stem":4477,"children":4478,"page":59},"Тема 9. Валідація даних та конвеєр обробки запитів у NestJS","i-lucide-filter","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-validation-pipeline","18.web-development\u002F09.nestjs-validation-pipeline",[4479,4483,4487,4491,4495,4499,4503,4507,4511,4515,4519,4523,4527,4531,4535,4539,4543,4547,4551],{"title":4480,"path":4481,"stem":4482},"Request Pipeline: конвеєр обробки запитів","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-validation-pipeline\u002Frequest-pipeline","18.web-development\u002F09.nestjs-validation-pipeline\u002F01.request-pipeline",{"title":4484,"path":4485,"stem":4486},"Pipes: концепція трансформації та валідації","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-validation-pipeline\u002Fpipes-concept","18.web-development\u002F09.nestjs-validation-pipeline\u002F02.pipes-concept",{"title":4488,"path":4489,"stem":4490},"Вбудовані pipes: ParseIntPipe, ParseBoolPipe, ParseUUIDPipe","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-validation-pipeline\u002Fbuilt-in-pipes","18.web-development\u002F09.nestjs-validation-pipeline\u002F03.built-in-pipes",{"title":4492,"path":4493,"stem":4494},"ValidationPipe: автоматична валідація DTO","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-validation-pipeline\u002Fvalidation-pipe","18.web-development\u002F09.nestjs-validation-pipeline\u002F04.validation-pipe",{"title":4496,"path":4497,"stem":4498},"Декоратори class-validator для DTO","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-validation-pipeline\u002Fclass-validator-decorators","18.web-development\u002F09.nestjs-validation-pipeline\u002F05.class-validator-decorators",{"title":4500,"path":4501,"stem":4502},"Створення кастомних валідаторів","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-validation-pipeline\u002Fcustom-validators","18.web-development\u002F09.nestjs-validation-pipeline\u002F06.custom-validators",{"title":4504,"path":4505,"stem":4506},"Створення власних Pipes","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-validation-pipeline\u002Fcustom-pipes","18.web-development\u002F09.nestjs-validation-pipeline\u002F07.custom-pipes",{"title":4508,"path":4509,"stem":4510},"Основи Middleware","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-validation-pipeline\u002Fmiddleware-basics","18.web-development\u002F09.nestjs-validation-pipeline\u002F08.middleware-basics",{"title":4512,"path":4513,"stem":4514},"Практичні приклади Middleware","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-validation-pipeline\u002Fmiddleware-examples","18.web-development\u002F09.nestjs-validation-pipeline\u002F09.middleware-examples",{"title":4516,"path":4517,"stem":4518},"Guards: захисні перехоплювачі доступу","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-validation-pipeline\u002Fguards-concept","18.web-development\u002F09.nestjs-validation-pipeline\u002F10.guards-concept",{"title":4520,"path":4521,"stem":4522},"Створення кастомних Guards","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-validation-pipeline\u002Fcustom-guards","18.web-development\u002F09.nestjs-validation-pipeline\u002F11.custom-guards",{"title":4524,"path":4525,"stem":4526},"Interceptors: перехоплення та трансформація відповідей","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-validation-pipeline\u002Finterceptors-concept","18.web-development\u002F09.nestjs-validation-pipeline\u002F12.interceptors-concept",{"title":4528,"path":4529,"stem":4530},"Практичні приклади Interceptors","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-validation-pipeline\u002Finterceptor-examples","18.web-development\u002F09.nestjs-validation-pipeline\u002F13.interceptor-examples",{"title":4532,"path":4533,"stem":4534},"Exception Filters: обробка виключень","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-validation-pipeline\u002Fexception-filters","18.web-development\u002F09.nestjs-validation-pipeline\u002F14.exception-filters",{"title":4536,"path":4537,"stem":4538},"Custom Exception Filters: спеціалізовані фільтри","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-validation-pipeline\u002Fcustom-exception-filters","18.web-development\u002F09.nestjs-validation-pipeline\u002F15.custom-exception-filters",{"title":4540,"path":4541,"stem":4542},"Execution Context: контекст виконання","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-validation-pipeline\u002Fexecution-context","18.web-development\u002F09.nestjs-validation-pipeline\u002F16.execution-context",{"title":4544,"path":4545,"stem":4546},"Custom Decorators: власні декоратори","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-validation-pipeline\u002Fcustom-decorators","18.web-development\u002F09.nestjs-validation-pipeline\u002F17.custom-decorators",{"title":4548,"path":4549,"stem":4550},"Global Components: глобальні компоненти","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-validation-pipeline\u002Fglobal-components","18.web-development\u002F09.nestjs-validation-pipeline\u002F18.global-components",{"title":4552,"path":4553,"stem":4554},"Pipeline Best Practices: найкращі практики","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fnestjs-validation-pipeline\u002Fpipeline-best-practices","18.web-development\u002F09.nestjs-validation-pipeline\u002F19.pipeline-best-practices",{"title":4556,"icon":2865,"path":4557,"stem":4558,"children":4559,"page":59},"Інтеграція реляційних баз даних засобами TypeORM","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftypeorm-integration","18.web-development\u002F10.typeorm-integration",[4560,4564,4568,4572,4576,4580,4584],{"title":4561,"path":4562,"stem":4563},"Робота з базами даних у Node.js через нативні драйвери","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftypeorm-integration\u002F01-nodejs-database-drivers","18.web-development\u002F10.typeorm-integration\u002F01-nodejs-database-drivers",{"title":4565,"path":4566,"stem":4567},"ORM та знайомство з TypeORM","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftypeorm-integration\u002F02-orm-and-typeorm-intro","18.web-development\u002F10.typeorm-integration\u002F02-orm-and-typeorm-intro",{"title":4569,"path":4570,"stem":4571},"Налаштування TypeORM у NestJS проєкті","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftypeorm-integration\u002F03-typeorm-setup-nestjs","18.web-development\u002F10.typeorm-integration\u002F03-typeorm-setup-nestjs",{"title":4573,"path":4574,"stem":4575},"Entity класи та декоратори TypeORM","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftypeorm-integration\u002F04-entities-and-decorators","18.web-development\u002F10.typeorm-integration\u002F04-entities-and-decorators",{"title":4577,"path":4578,"stem":4579},"Repository Pattern та CRUD операції","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftypeorm-integration\u002F05-repository-pattern-crud","18.web-development\u002F10.typeorm-integration\u002F05-repository-pattern-crud",{"title":4581,"path":4582,"stem":4583},"Пагінація та фільтрація даних","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftypeorm-integration\u002F06-pagination-filtering","18.web-development\u002F10.typeorm-integration\u002F06-pagination-filtering",{"title":4585,"path":4586,"stem":4587},"QueryBuilder для складних запитів","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftypeorm-integration\u002F07-query-builder","18.web-development\u002F10.typeorm-integration\u002F07-query-builder",{"title":4589,"icon":4590,"path":4591,"stem":4592,"children":4593,"page":59},"Зв'язки між сутностями, міграції та оптимізація запитів","i-lucide-git-branch","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fentity-relations-migrations","18.web-development\u002F11.entity-relations-migrations",[4594,4598,4602,4606,4610],{"title":4595,"path":4596,"stem":4597},"Зв'язки One-to-Many та Many-to-One","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fentity-relations-migrations\u002F01-one-to-many-many-to-one","18.web-development\u002F11.entity-relations-migrations\u002F01-one-to-many-many-to-one",{"title":4599,"path":4600,"stem":4601},"Зв'язки One-to-One та Many-to-Many","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fentity-relations-migrations\u002F02-one-to-one-many-to-many","18.web-development\u002F11.entity-relations-migrations\u002F02-one-to-one-many-to-many",{"title":4603,"path":4604,"stem":4605},"Керування міграціями бази даних","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fentity-relations-migrations\u002F03-migrations-management","18.web-development\u002F11.entity-relations-migrations\u002F03-migrations-management",{"title":4607,"path":4608,"stem":4609},"Транзакції у TypeORM","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fentity-relations-migrations\u002F04-transactions","18.web-development\u002F11.entity-relations-migrations\u002F04-transactions",{"title":4611,"path":4612,"stem":4613,"children":4614},"Індекси та оптимізація запитів","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fentity-relations-migrations\u002F05-indexes-optimization","18.web-development\u002F11.entity-relations-migrations\u002F05-indexes-optimization",[4615],{"title":4611,"path":4612,"stem":4613},{"title":4617,"icon":4618,"path":4619,"stem":4620,"children":4621,"page":59},"Механізми автентифікації у вебзастосунках","i-lucide-key","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fauthentication","18.web-development\u002F12.authentication",[4622,4626,4630,4634,4638,4642,4646,4650,4654],{"title":4623,"path":4624,"stem":4625},"Автентифікація vs Авторизація","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fauthentication\u002F01-authentication-vs-authorization","18.web-development\u002F12.authentication\u002F01-authentication-vs-authorization",{"title":4627,"path":4628,"stem":4629},"Стратегії автентифікації","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fauthentication\u002F02-authentication-strategies","18.web-development\u002F12.authentication\u002F02-authentication-strategies",{"title":4631,"path":4632,"stem":4633},"Автентифікація на основі сесій","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fauthentication\u002F03-session-based-authentication","18.web-development\u002F12.authentication\u002F03-session-based-authentication",{"title":4635,"path":4636,"stem":4637},"Структура JSON Web Token (JWT)","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fauthentication\u002F04-jwt-structure","18.web-development\u002F12.authentication\u002F04-jwt-structure",{"title":4639,"path":4640,"stem":4641},"Інтеграція JWT у NestJS","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fauthentication\u002F05-nestjs-jwt-integration","18.web-development\u002F12.authentication\u002F05-nestjs-jwt-integration",{"title":4643,"path":4644,"stem":4645},"Passport.js стратегії у NestJS","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fauthentication\u002F06-passport-strategies","18.web-development\u002F12.authentication\u002F06-passport-strategies",{"title":4647,"path":4648,"stem":4649},"Безпечне зберігання паролів: хешування та криптографічний захист","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fauthentication\u002F07-password-hashing","18.web-development\u002F12.authentication\u002F07-password-hashing",{"title":4651,"path":4652,"stem":4653},"Refresh Token та безпечне оновлення доступу","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fauthentication\u002F08-refresh-tokens","18.web-development\u002F12.authentication\u002F08-refresh-tokens",{"title":4655,"path":4656,"stem":4657},"OAuth 2.0 та OpenID Connect: делегована автентифікація","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fauthentication\u002F09-oauth2-openid","18.web-development\u002F12.authentication\u002F09-oauth2-openid",{"title":4659,"icon":4660,"path":4661,"stem":4662,"children":4663,"page":59},"Авторизація та безпека серверних застосунків","i-lucide-shield","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fauthorization-security","18.web-development\u002F13.authorization-security",[4664,4668,4672,4676,4680,4684,4688,4692,4696,4700],{"title":4665,"path":4666,"stem":4667},"Моделі авторизації","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fauthorization-security\u002F01-authorization-models","18.web-development\u002F13.authorization-security\u002F01-authorization-models",{"title":4669,"path":4670,"stem":4671},"Реалізація RBAC у NestJS","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fauthorization-security\u002F02-rbac-implementation","18.web-development\u002F13.authorization-security\u002F02-rbac-implementation",{"title":4673,"path":4674,"stem":4675},"Permission-Based Access Control","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fauthorization-security\u002F03-permission-based-access","18.web-development\u002F13.authorization-security\u002F03-permission-based-access",{"title":4677,"path":4678,"stem":4679},"ABAC та бібліотека CASL","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fauthorization-security\u002F04-abac-casl","18.web-development\u002F13.authorization-security\u002F04-abac-casl",{"title":4681,"path":4682,"stem":4683},"Кастомні декоратори та метадані","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fauthorization-security\u002F05-custom-decorators-metadata","18.web-development\u002F13.authorization-security\u002F05-custom-decorators-metadata",{"title":4685,"path":4686,"stem":4687},"Конфігурація CORS","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fauthorization-security\u002F06-cors-configuration","18.web-development\u002F13.authorization-security\u002F06-cors-configuration",{"title":4689,"path":4690,"stem":4691},"Захист через HTTP Security Headers (Helmet)","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fauthorization-security\u002F07-helmet-security-headers","18.web-development\u002F13.authorization-security\u002F07-helmet-security-headers",{"title":4693,"path":4694,"stem":4695},"Rate Limiting та Throttling","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fauthorization-security\u002F08-rate-limiting-throttling","18.web-development\u002F13.authorization-security\u002F08-rate-limiting-throttling",{"title":4697,"path":4698,"stem":4699},"Захист від поширених атак","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fauthorization-security\u002F09-common-attacks-protection","18.web-development\u002F13.authorization-security\u002F09-common-attacks-protection",{"title":4701,"path":4702,"stem":4703},"HTTPS у продакшені","\u002Fweb-development\u002Fauthorization-security\u002F10-https-production","18.web-development\u002F13.authorization-security\u002F10-https-production",{"title":4705,"icon":871,"path":4706,"stem":4707,"children":4708,"page":59},"Комунікація у реальному часі, нотифікації та фонові задачі","\u002Fweb-development\u002Frealtime-notifications-jobs","18.web-development\u002F14.realtime-notifications-jobs",[4709,4713,4717,4721,4725,4729,4732,4735,4739,4743],{"title":4710,"path":4711,"stem":4712},"Методи комунікації у реальному часі","\u002Fweb-development\u002Frealtime-notifications-jobs\u002F01-realtime-communication-methods","18.web-development\u002F14.realtime-notifications-jobs\u002F01-realtime-communication-methods",{"title":4714,"path":4715,"stem":4716},"WebSocket Gateway у NestJS","\u002Fweb-development\u002Frealtime-notifications-jobs\u002F02-websocket-gateway","18.web-development\u002F14.realtime-notifications-jobs\u002F02-websocket-gateway",{"title":4718,"path":4719,"stem":4720},"Lifecycle та Rooms у WebSocket","\u002Fweb-development\u002Frealtime-notifications-jobs\u002F03-websocket-lifecycle-rooms","18.web-development\u002F14.realtime-notifications-jobs\u002F03-websocket-lifecycle-rooms",{"title":4722,"path":4723,"stem":4724},"Server-Sent Events (SSE)","\u002Fweb-development\u002Frealtime-notifications-jobs\u002F04-server-sent-events","18.web-development\u002F14.realtime-notifications-jobs\u002F04-server-sent-events",{"title":4726,"path":4727,"stem":4728},"Архітектура системи нотифікацій","\u002Fweb-development\u002Frealtime-notifications-jobs\u002F05-notification-system","18.web-development\u002F14.realtime-notifications-jobs\u002F05-notification-system",{"title":904,"path":4730,"stem":4731},"\u002Fweb-development\u002Frealtime-notifications-jobs\u002F06-email-notifications","18.web-development\u002F14.realtime-notifications-jobs\u002F06-email-notifications",{"title":900,"path":4733,"stem":4734},"\u002Fweb-development\u002Frealtime-notifications-jobs\u002F07-web-push-notifications","18.web-development\u002F14.realtime-notifications-jobs\u002F07-web-push-notifications",{"title":4736,"path":4737,"stem":4738},"Фонові задачі та черги","\u002Fweb-development\u002Frealtime-notifications-jobs\u002F08-background-jobs-queues","18.web-development\u002F14.realtime-notifications-jobs\u002F08-background-jobs-queues",{"title":4740,"path":4741,"stem":4742},"Планувальники та Cron jobs","\u002Fweb-development\u002Frealtime-notifications-jobs\u002F09-schedulers-cron","18.web-development\u002F14.realtime-notifications-jobs\u002F09-schedulers-cron",{"title":4744,"path":4745,"stem":4746},"Практичні сценарії застосування","\u002Fweb-development\u002Frealtime-notifications-jobs\u002F10-practical-scenarios","18.web-development\u002F14.realtime-notifications-jobs\u002F10-practical-scenarios",{"title":4748,"icon":4749,"path":4750,"stem":4751,"children":4752,"page":59},"Тестування, документування та розгортання застосунків","i-lucide-rocket","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftesting-documentation-deployment","18.web-development\u002F15.testing-documentation-deployment",[4753,4757,4761,4765,4769,4773,4777,4781,4785,4789],{"title":4754,"path":4755,"stem":4756},"Піраміда тестування та стратегія","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftesting-documentation-deployment\u002F01-testing-pyramid-strategy","18.web-development\u002F15.testing-documentation-deployment\u002F01-testing-pyramid-strategy",{"title":4758,"path":4759,"stem":4760},"Основи Jest у NestJS","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftesting-documentation-deployment\u002F02-jest-nestjs-basics","18.web-development\u002F15.testing-documentation-deployment\u002F02-jest-nestjs-basics",{"title":4762,"path":4763,"stem":4764},"Unit-тестування сервісів","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftesting-documentation-deployment\u002F03-unit-testing-services","18.web-development\u002F15.testing-documentation-deployment\u002F03-unit-testing-services",{"title":4766,"path":4767,"stem":4768},"E2E тестування та покриття коду","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftesting-documentation-deployment\u002F04-e2e-testing-coverage","18.web-development\u002F15.testing-documentation-deployment\u002F04-e2e-testing-coverage",{"title":4770,"path":4771,"stem":4772},"Swagger, OpenAPI, Scalar та Arazzo","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftesting-documentation-deployment\u002F05-swagger-openapi","18.web-development\u002F15.testing-documentation-deployment\u002F05-swagger-openapi",{"title":4774,"path":4775,"stem":4776},"Керування конфігурацією","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftesting-documentation-deployment\u002F06-configuration-management","18.web-development\u002F15.testing-documentation-deployment\u002F06-configuration-management",{"title":4778,"path":4779,"stem":4780},"Docker та контейнеризація","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftesting-documentation-deployment\u002F07-docker-containerization","18.web-development\u002F15.testing-documentation-deployment\u002F07-docker-containerization",{"title":4782,"path":4783,"stem":4784},"CI\u002FCD Pipelines","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftesting-documentation-deployment\u002F08-cicd-pipelines","18.web-development\u002F15.testing-documentation-deployment\u002F08-cicd-pipelines",{"title":4786,"path":4787,"stem":4788},"Логування та моніторинг","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftesting-documentation-deployment\u002F09-logging-monitoring","18.web-development\u002F15.testing-documentation-deployment\u002F09-logging-monitoring",{"title":4790,"path":4791,"stem":4792},"Серіалізація та компресія","\u002Fweb-development\u002Ftesting-documentation-deployment\u002F10-serialization-compression","18.web-development\u002F15.testing-documentation-deployment\u002F10-serialization-compression",{"title":4794,"icon":4795,"path":4796,"stem":4797,"children":4798,"page":59},"AI Core: мислення AI","i-lucide-brain","\u002Fai-core","19.ai-core",[4799,4840,4889,4927],{"title":4800,"icon":4749,"path":4801,"stem":4802,"children":4803,"page":59},"Вхід у професію AI Native Developer","\u002Fai-core\u002Fai-native-developer","19.ai-core\u002F01.ai-native-developer",[4804,4808,4812,4816,4820,4824,4828,4832,4836],{"title":4805,"path":4806,"stem":4807},"Вступ до професії розробника цифрових продуктів","\u002Fai-core\u002Fai-native-developer\u002Fdigital-products","19.ai-core\u002F01.ai-native-developer\u002F01.digital-products",{"title":4809,"path":4810,"stem":4811},"Професія розробника програмного забезпечення","\u002Fai-core\u002Fai-native-developer\u002Fsoftware-developer","19.ai-core\u002F01.ai-native-developer\u002F02.software-developer",{"title":4813,"path":4814,"stem":4815},"Професія AI Native Developer","\u002Fai-core\u002Fai-native-developer\u002Fai-native-developer","19.ai-core\u002F01.ai-native-developer\u002F03.ai-native-developer",{"title":4817,"path":4818,"stem":4819},"Вплив AI на розробку програмного забезпечення","\u002Fai-core\u002Fai-native-developer\u002Fai-impact-on-development","19.ai-core\u002F01.ai-native-developer\u002F04.ai-impact-on-development",{"title":4821,"path":4822,"stem":4823},"Життєвий цикл цифрового продукту","\u002Fai-core\u002Fai-native-developer\u002Fproduct-lifecycle","19.ai-core\u002F01.ai-native-developer\u002F05.product-lifecycle",{"title":4825,"path":4826,"stem":4827},"Застосування AI на етапах створення цифрового продукту","\u002Fai-core\u002Fai-native-developer\u002Fai-in-product-creation","19.ai-core\u002F01.ai-native-developer\u002F06.ai-in-product-creation",{"title":4829,"path":4830,"stem":4831},"Розподіл завдань між людиною та AI","\u002Fai-core\u002Fai-native-developer\u002Fhuman-vs-ai-tasks","19.ai-core\u002F01.ai-native-developer\u002F07.human-vs-ai-tasks",{"title":4833,"path":4834,"stem":4835},"Компетенції AI Native Developer","\u002Fai-core\u002Fai-native-developer\u002Fcompetencies","19.ai-core\u002F01.ai-native-developer\u002F08.competencies",{"title":4837,"path":4838,"stem":4839},"Карта професійного розвитку AI Native Developer","\u002Fai-core\u002Fai-native-developer\u002Fcareer-roadmap","19.ai-core\u002F01.ai-native-developer\u002F09.career-roadmap",{"title":4841,"icon":255,"path":4842,"stem":4843,"children":4844,"page":59},"Штучний інтелект і машинне навчання","\u002Fai-core\u002Fai-and-machine-learning","19.ai-core\u002F02.ai-and-machine-learning",[4845,4849,4853,4857,4861,4865,4869,4873,4877,4881,4885],{"title":4846,"path":4847,"stem":4848},"Штучний інтелект","\u002Fai-core\u002Fai-and-machine-learning\u002Fwhat-is-ai","19.ai-core\u002F02.ai-and-machine-learning\u002F01.what-is-ai",{"title":4850,"path":4851,"stem":4852},"Відмінність AI від інших програмних систем","\u002Fai-core\u002Fai-and-machine-learning\u002Fai-vs-automation","19.ai-core\u002F02.ai-and-machine-learning\u002F02.ai-vs-automation",{"title":4854,"path":4855,"stem":4856},"Завдання штучного інтелекту","\u002Fai-core\u002Fai-and-machine-learning\u002Fai-tasks","19.ai-core\u002F02.ai-and-machine-learning\u002F03.ai-tasks",{"title":4858,"path":4859,"stem":4860},"Machine Learning","\u002Fai-core\u002Fai-and-machine-learning\u002Fmachine-learning","19.ai-core\u002F02.ai-and-machine-learning\u002F04.machine-learning",{"title":4862,"path":4863,"stem":4864},"Machine Learning Workflow","\u002Fai-core\u002Fai-and-machine-learning\u002Fml-workflow","19.ai-core\u002F02.ai-and-machine-learning\u002F05.ml-workflow",{"title":4866,"path":4867,"stem":4868},"Типи машинного навчання","\u002Fai-core\u002Fai-and-machine-learning\u002Fml-types","19.ai-core\u002F02.ai-and-machine-learning\u002F06.ml-types",{"title":4870,"path":4871,"stem":4872},"Generative AI","\u002Fai-core\u002Fai-and-machine-learning\u002Fgenerative-ai","19.ai-core\u002F02.ai-and-machine-learning\u002F07.generative-ai",{"title":4874,"path":4875,"stem":4876},"Типи контенту, створюваного AI","\u002Fai-core\u002Fai-and-machine-learning\u002Fai-content-types","19.ai-core\u002F02.ai-and-machine-learning\u002F08.ai-content-types",{"title":4878,"path":4879,"stem":4880},"Великі мовні моделі","\u002Fai-core\u002Fai-and-machine-learning\u002Flarge-language-models","19.ai-core\u002F02.ai-and-machine-learning\u002F09.large-language-models",{"title":4882,"path":4883,"stem":4884},"Можливості та обмеження Generative AI","\u002Fai-core\u002Fai-and-machine-learning\u002Fcapabilities-and-limitations","19.ai-core\u002F02.ai-and-machine-learning\u002F10.capabilities-and-limitations",{"title":4886,"path":4887,"stem":4888},"Сучасні AI-асистенти","\u002Fai-core\u002Fai-and-machine-learning\u002Fmodern-ai-assistants","19.ai-core\u002F02.ai-and-machine-learning\u002F11.modern-ai-assistants",{"title":4890,"icon":4891,"path":4892,"stem":4893,"children":4894,"page":59},"Постановка завдань для AI: принципи створення промптів","i-lucide-message-square-text","\u002Fai-core\u002Fprompt-engineering","19.ai-core\u002F03.prompt-engineering",[4895,4899,4903,4907,4911,4915,4919,4923],{"title":4896,"path":4897,"stem":4898},"Промпт як інструмент","\u002Fai-core\u002Fprompt-engineering\u002Fprompt-as-tool","19.ai-core\u002F03.prompt-engineering\u002F01.prompt-as-tool",{"title":4900,"path":4901,"stem":4902},"Принципи створення промптів","\u002Fai-core\u002Fprompt-engineering\u002Fprompt-principles","19.ai-core\u002F03.prompt-engineering\u002F02.prompt-principles",{"title":4904,"path":4905,"stem":4906},"Структура промпта","\u002Fai-core\u002Fprompt-engineering\u002Fprompt-structure","19.ai-core\u002F03.prompt-engineering\u002F03.prompt-structure",{"title":4908,"path":4909,"stem":4910},"Види промптів за типом задачі","\u002Fai-core\u002Fprompt-engineering\u002Fprompt-types","19.ai-core\u002F03.prompt-engineering\u002F04.prompt-types",{"title":4912,"path":4913,"stem":4914},"Прийоми посилення промпта","\u002Fai-core\u002Fprompt-engineering\u002Fprompt-enhancement","19.ai-core\u002F03.prompt-engineering\u002F05.prompt-enhancement",{"title":4916,"path":4917,"stem":4918},"Розбір і покращення промпта","\u002Fai-core\u002Fprompt-engineering\u002Fprompt-analysis","19.ai-core\u002F03.prompt-engineering\u002F06.prompt-analysis",{"title":4920,"path":4921,"stem":4922},"Типові помилки під час створення промптів","\u002Fai-core\u002Fprompt-engineering\u002Fcommon-mistakes","19.ai-core\u002F03.prompt-engineering\u002F07.common-mistakes",{"title":4924,"path":4925,"stem":4926},"Практикум: особиста бібліотека промптів","\u002Fai-core\u002Fprompt-engineering\u002Fprompt-library","19.ai-core\u002F03.prompt-engineering\u002F08.prompt-library",{"title":4928,"icon":793,"path":4929,"stem":4930,"children":4931,"page":59},"Перевірка результатів, безпека та AI Native Workflow","\u002Fai-core\u002Fverification-security-workflow","19.ai-core\u002F04.verification-security-workflow",[4932,4936,4940,4944,4948,4952,4956,4960,4964],{"title":4933,"path":4934,"stem":4935},"Межі можливостей AI","\u002Fai-core\u002Fverification-security-workflow\u002Fai-limitations","19.ai-core\u002F04.verification-security-workflow\u002F01.ai-limitations",{"title":4937,"path":4938,"stem":4939},"Галюцинації AI","\u002Fai-core\u002Fverification-security-workflow\u002Fai-hallucinations","19.ai-core\u002F04.verification-security-workflow\u002F02.ai-hallucinations",{"title":4941,"path":4942,"stem":4943},"Критичне мислення під час роботи з AI","\u002Fai-core\u002Fverification-security-workflow\u002Fcritical-thinking","19.ai-core\u002F04.verification-security-workflow\u002F03.critical-thinking",{"title":4945,"path":4946,"stem":4947},"Перевірка результатів роботи AI","\u002Fai-core\u002Fverification-security-workflow\u002Fresult-verification","19.ai-core\u002F04.verification-security-workflow\u002F04.result-verification",{"title":4949,"path":4950,"stem":4951},"Захист даних під час роботи з AI","\u002Fai-core\u002Fverification-security-workflow\u002Fdata-protection","19.ai-core\u002F04.verification-security-workflow\u002F05.data-protection",{"title":4953,"path":4954,"stem":4955},"Авторське право та навчальна доброчесність","\u002Fai-core\u002Fverification-security-workflow\u002Fcopyright-integrity","19.ai-core\u002F04.verification-security-workflow\u002F06.copyright-integrity",{"title":4957,"path":4958,"stem":4959},"Відповідальне використання AI","\u002Fai-core\u002Fverification-security-workflow\u002Fresponsible-use","19.ai-core\u002F04.verification-security-workflow\u002F07.responsible-use",{"title":4961,"path":4962,"stem":4963},"AI Native Workflow","\u002Fai-core\u002Fverification-security-workflow\u002Fai-native-workflow","19.ai-core\u002F04.verification-security-workflow\u002F08.ai-native-workflow",{"title":4965,"path":4966,"stem":4967},"Застосування AI Native Workflow під час створення цифрового продукту","\u002Fai-core\u002Fverification-security-workflow\u002Fworkflow-in-practice","19.ai-core\u002F04.verification-security-workflow\u002F09.workflow-in-practice",{"title":4969,"icon":4970,"path":4971,"stem":4972,"children":4973,"page":59},"AI Developer: Vibe Coding Sprint","i-lucide-code-xml","\u002Fai-developer","20.ai-developer",[4974,5000,5022,5043],{"title":4975,"icon":4976,"path":4977,"stem":4978,"children":4979,"page":59},"Проєктування і чорнова версія","i-lucide-pencil-ruler","\u002Fai-developer\u002Fdraft-creation","20.ai-developer\u002F01.draft-creation",[4980,4984,4988,4992,4996],{"title":4981,"path":4982,"stem":4983},"Парадигма Vibe Coding Workflow","\u002Fai-developer\u002Fdraft-creation\u002Fvibe-coding-workflow","20.ai-developer\u002F01.draft-creation\u002F01.vibe-coding-workflow",{"title":4985,"path":4986,"stem":4987},"AI-середовище швидкої розробки","\u002Fai-developer\u002Fdraft-creation\u002Fai-ide-environment","20.ai-developer\u002F01.draft-creation\u002F02.ai-ide-environment",{"title":4989,"path":4990,"stem":4991},"Користувацьке завдання та межі першої версії","\u002Fai-developer\u002Fdraft-creation\u002Fproduct-scope-and-mvp","20.ai-developer\u002F01.draft-creation\u002F03.product-scope-and-mvp",{"title":4993,"path":4994,"stem":4995},"Архітектура інтерфейсу та стани застосунку","\u002Fai-developer\u002Fdraft-creation\u002Fapplication-architecture-and-states","20.ai-developer\u002F01.draft-creation\u002F04.application-architecture-and-states",{"title":4997,"path":4998,"stem":4999},"Генерація та фіксація чорнової версії","\u002Fai-developer\u002Fdraft-creation\u002Fgenerating-draft-version","20.ai-developer\u002F01.draft-creation\u002F05.generating-draft-version",{"title":5001,"icon":5002,"path":5003,"stem":5004,"children":5005,"page":59},"Перша робоча версія","i-lucide-play-circle","\u002Fai-developer\u002Ffirst-working-version","20.ai-developer\u002F02.first-working-version",[5006,5010,5014,5018],{"title":5007,"path":5008,"stem":5009},"Уточнення контексту проєкту для AI","\u002Fai-developer\u002Ffirst-working-version\u002Frefining-project-context","20.ai-developer\u002F02.first-working-version\u002F01.refining-project-context",{"title":5011,"path":5012,"stem":5013},"Стратегія завдань для AI-розробки","\u002Fai-developer\u002Ffirst-working-version\u002Fai-prompting-strategy","20.ai-developer\u002F02.first-working-version\u002F02.ai-prompting-strategy",{"title":5015,"path":5016,"stem":5017},"Доопрацювання до першої робочої версії","\u002Fai-developer\u002Ffirst-working-version\u002Frefining-to-working-version","20.ai-developer\u002F02.first-working-version\u002F03.refining-to-working-version",{"title":5019,"path":5020,"stem":5021},"Перевірка першої робочої версії","\u002Fai-developer\u002Ffirst-working-version\u002Ftesting-first-working-version","20.ai-developer\u002F02.first-working-version\u002F04.testing-first-working-version",{"title":5023,"icon":3072,"path":5024,"stem":5025,"children":5026,"page":59},"Ітерації, дебагінг та відновлення","\u002Fai-developer\u002Fiteration-debugging-recovery","20.ai-developer\u002F03.iteration-debugging-recovery",[5027,5031,5035,5039],{"title":5028,"path":5029,"stem":5030},"Управління точковими змінами продукту","\u002Fai-developer\u002Fiteration-debugging-recovery\u002Fchange-management","20.ai-developer\u002F03.iteration-debugging-recovery\u002F01.change-management",{"title":5032,"path":5033,"stem":5034},"Надійність інтерфейсу та обробка помилок","\u002Fai-developer\u002Fiteration-debugging-recovery\u002Fscenario-reliability-and-errors","20.ai-developer\u002F03.iteration-debugging-recovery\u002F02.scenario-reliability-and-errors",{"title":5036,"path":5037,"stem":5038},"Керування контекстом і збереження версій","\u002Fai-developer\u002Fiteration-debugging-recovery\u002Fproject-context-and-versions","20.ai-developer\u002F03.iteration-debugging-recovery\u002F03.project-context-and-versions",{"title":5040,"path":5041,"stem":5042},"Збої AI-розробки, ліміти та аварійне відновлення","\u002Fai-developer\u002Fiteration-debugging-recovery\u002Fai-breakdowns-and-recovery","20.ai-developer\u002F03.iteration-debugging-recovery\u002F04.ai-breakdowns-and-recovery",{"title":5044,"icon":5045,"path":5046,"stem":5047,"children":5048,"page":59},"Перевірка та завершення продукту","i-lucide-check-check","\u002Fai-developer\u002Fverification-and-completion","20.ai-developer\u002F04.verification-and-completion",[5049,5053,5057],{"title":5050,"path":5051,"stem":5052},"Комплексний аудит та підсумкове тестування","\u002Fai-developer\u002Fverification-and-completion\u002Ffinal-product-testing","20.ai-developer\u002F04.verification-and-completion\u002F01.final-product-testing",{"title":5054,"path":5055,"stem":5056},"Підготовка підсумкової версії коду","\u002Fai-developer\u002Fverification-and-completion\u002Fpreparing-release-version","20.ai-developer\u002F04.verification-and-completion\u002F02.preparing-release-version",{"title":5058,"path":5059,"stem":5060},"Демонстрація, публікація та критерії оцінювання","\u002Fai-developer\u002Fverification-and-completion\u002Fproduct-showcase-and-publishing","20.ai-developer\u002F04.verification-and-completion\u002F03.product-showcase-and-publishing",{"title":5062,"path":5063,"stem":5064,"children":5065,"page":59},"Tailwind","\u002Ftailwind","21.tailwind",[5066,5070,5074,5078,5082,5086,5090,5094,5098,5102,5106,5110],{"title":5067,"path":5068,"stem":5069},"Що таке Tailwind CSS і навіщо він потрібен","\u002Ftailwind\u002Ftailwind-intro-philosophy","21.tailwind\u002F01.tailwind-intro-philosophy",{"title":5071,"path":5072,"stem":5073},"Встановлення та налаштування Tailwind CSS v4","\u002Ftailwind\u002Ftailwind-installation-setup","21.tailwind\u002F02.tailwind-installation-setup",{"title":5075,"path":5076,"stem":5077},"Utility-класи: основи та система Tailwind","\u002Ftailwind\u002Ftailwind-utility-classes-core","21.tailwind\u002F03.tailwind-utility-classes-core",{"title":5079,"path":5080,"stem":5081},"Layout: Flexbox та Grid через Tailwind","\u002Ftailwind\u002Ftailwind-flexbox-grid","21.tailwind\u002F04.tailwind-flexbox-grid",{"title":5083,"path":5084,"stem":5085},"Кастомізація теми через @theme у Tailwind v4","\u002Ftailwind\u002Ftailwind-theme-customization","21.tailwind\u002F05.tailwind-theme-customization",{"title":5087,"path":5088,"stem":5089},"Варіанти: hover, focus, responsive, dark mode та нові v4","\u002Ftailwind\u002Ftailwind-variants-states","21.tailwind\u002F06.tailwind-variants-states",{"title":5091,"path":5092,"stem":5093},"Типографіка та система кольорів у Tailwind v4","\u002Ftailwind\u002Ftailwind-typography-colors","21.tailwind\u002F07.tailwind-typography-colors",{"title":5095,"path":5096,"stem":5097},"Компоненти та повторюваність: @apply, @utility та патерни","\u002Ftailwind\u002Ftailwind-components-patterns","21.tailwind\u002F08.tailwind-components-patterns",{"title":5099,"path":5100,"stem":5101},"Темна тема та система дизайн-токенів у Tailwind v4","\u002Ftailwind\u002Ftailwind-dark-mode-theming","21.tailwind\u002F09.tailwind-dark-mode-theming",{"title":5103,"path":5104,"stem":5105},"Довільні значення та контейнерні запити у Tailwind v4","\u002Ftailwind\u002Ftailwind-arbitrary-container-queries","21.tailwind\u002F10.tailwind-arbitrary-container-queries",{"title":5107,"path":5108,"stem":5109},"Анімації, трансформації та 3D у Tailwind v4","\u002Ftailwind\u002Ftailwind-animations-transforms","21.tailwind\u002F11.tailwind-animations-transforms",{"title":5111,"path":5112,"stem":5113},"Tailwind CLI, PostCSS та інтеграція з фреймворками","\u002Ftailwind\u002Ftailwind-cli-tooling","21.tailwind\u002F12.tailwind-cli-tooling",{"title":5115,"path":5116,"stem":5117,"children":5118,"page":59},"React Typescript","\u002Freact-typescript","22.react-typescript",[5119,5144,5148,5152,5156,5160,5164,5168,5172],{"title":5120,"path":5121,"stem":5122,"children":5123,"page":59},"From Html To Project","\u002Freact-typescript\u002Ffrom-html-to-project","22.react-typescript\u002F01.from-html-to-project",[5124,5128,5132,5136,5140],{"title":5125,"path":5126,"stem":5127},"Від одного HTML-файлу до повноцінного проєкту","\u002Freact-typescript\u002Ffrom-html-to-project\u002Fevolution","22.react-typescript\u002F01.from-html-to-project\u002F01.evolution",{"title":5129,"path":5130,"stem":5131},"Що таке React","\u002Freact-typescript\u002Ffrom-html-to-project\u002Fwhat-is-react","22.react-typescript\u002F01.from-html-to-project\u002F02.what-is-react",{"title":5133,"path":5134,"stem":5135},"JSX та TSX — синтаксичний цукор, а не магія","\u002Freact-typescript\u002Ffrom-html-to-project\u002Fjsx-tsx-syntax","22.react-typescript\u002F01.from-html-to-project\u002F03.jsx-tsx-syntax",{"title":5137,"path":5138,"stem":5139},"Компоненти — будівельні блоки інтерфейсу","\u002Freact-typescript\u002Ffrom-html-to-project\u002Fcomponents","22.react-typescript\u002F01.from-html-to-project\u002F04.components",{"title":5141,"path":5142,"stem":5143},"JSX — розмітка всередині TypeScript","\u002Freact-typescript\u002Ffrom-html-to-project\u002Fjsx-expressions","22.react-typescript\u002F01.from-html-to-project\u002F05.jsx-expressions",{"title":5145,"path":5146,"stem":5147},"Хук useReducer: структуроване управління складним станом","\u002Freact-typescript\u002Fuse-reducer","22.react-typescript\u002F23.use-reducer",{"title":5149,"path":5150,"stem":5151},"Context API: передавання даних без «пропс-дрілінгу»","\u002Freact-typescript\u002Fcontext-api","22.react-typescript\u002F24.context-api",{"title":5153,"path":5154,"stem":5155},"Синхронізація з ефектами: хук useEffect та функції очищення","\u002Freact-typescript\u002Fuse-effect","22.react-typescript\u002F27.use-effect",{"title":5157,"path":5158,"stem":5159},"Можливо, вам не потрібен ефект: антипатерни та альтернативи","\u002Freact-typescript\u002Fyou-might-not-need-effect","22.react-typescript\u002F28.you-might-not-need-effect",{"title":5161,"path":5162,"stem":5163},"Життєвий цикл реактивних ефектів: мислення процесами синхронізації","\u002Freact-typescript\u002Flifecycle-of-reactive-effects","22.react-typescript\u002F29.lifecycle-of-reactive-effects",{"title":5165,"path":5166,"stem":5167},"Розділення подій та ефектів: реактивна проти нереактивної логіки","\u002Freact-typescript\u002Fseparating-events-from-effects","22.react-typescript\u002F30.separating-events-from-effects",{"title":5169,"path":5170,"stem":5171},"Видалення зайвих залежностей ефектів та оптимізація синхронізації","\u002Freact-typescript\u002Fremoving-effect-dependencies","22.react-typescript\u002F31.removing-effect-dependencies",{"title":5173,"path":5174,"stem":5175},"Кастомні хуки: повторне використання та композиція реактивної логіки","\u002Freact-typescript\u002Fcustom-hooks","22.react-typescript\u002F32.custom-hooks",{"title":5177,"path":5178,"stem":5179},"Тестування компонентів діаграм та пісочниць","\u002Ftest-components","98.test-components",{"id":5181,"title":3857,"body":5182,"description":11158,"extension":11159,"links":11160,"meta":11161,"navigation":5527,"path":3858,"seo":11162,"stem":3859,"__hash__":11163},"docs\u002F16.ai-python\u002F09.decision-trees-random-forest\u002F01.decision-trees.md",{"type":5183,"value":5184,"toc":11120},"minimark",[5185,5190,5194,5202,5223,5226,5233,5273,5276,5279,5288,5299,5302,5306,5309,5339,5342,5360,5366,5377,5380,5382,5386,5389,5474,5479,5604,5606,5610,5613,5632,5635,5649,5653,5663,5666,5684,5689,5714,6179,6183,6204,6262,6577,6581,6596,6606,6609,6615,6636,6665,6669,6676,6679,6689,6715,6718,6748,7159,7161,7165,7176,7179,7183,7190,7193,7199,7203,7213,7216,7219,7222,7237,7240,7268,7272,7275,7338,7341,7402,7409,7411,7415,7418,7432,7438,7446,7450,7453,7468,7471,7523,7525,7558,7561,7563,7567,7574,7679,7682,8577,8579,8583,8589,9064,9066,9070,9076,9416,9421,9455,9457,9461,9472,9803,9817,9832,9835,9859,9863,9889,9893,9896,10117,10127,10129,10133,10136,10299,10301,10305,10311,10905,10907,10911,10974,10976,10980,11017,11019,11023,11104,11106,11116],[5186,5187,5189],"h2",{"id":5188},"гра-20-питань-природна-логіка-прийняття-рішень","Гра «20 питань» — природна логіка прийняття рішень",[5191,5192,5193],"p",{},"Пригадайте популярну салонну гру «20 питань»: один ведучий загадує таємний предмет або персонажа, а гравці намагаються його відгадати, ставлячи запитання, на які можна відповісти виключно «так» або «ні».",[5191,5195,5196,5197,5201],{},"Як у цій грі поводиться людина з ",[5198,5199,5200],"strong",{},"неефективною стратегією","?\nВона намагається вгадувати випадковими переборами:",[5203,5204,5205,5213,5218],"ul",{},[5206,5207,5208,5212],"li",{},[5209,5210,5211],"em",{},"«Це яблуко?»"," — Ні.",[5206,5214,5215,5212],{},[5209,5216,5217],{},"«Це автомобіль?»",[5206,5219,5220,5212],{},[5209,5221,5222],{},"«Це ноутбук?»",[5191,5224,5225],{},"За такої стратегії шанси вгадати загадане слово за 20 спроб прямують до нуля, адже кожна невдала спроба відкидає лише один-єдиний варіант із мільйонів можливих.",[5191,5227,5228,5229,5232],{},"Натомість досвідчений гравець обирає ",[5198,5230,5231],{},"розумну стратегію послідовних запитань, які щоразу відкидають половину варіантів",":",[5203,5234,5235,5245,5253,5262,5268],{},[5206,5236,5237,5240,5241,5244],{},[5209,5238,5239],{},"«Це жива істота?»"," — Так ",[5209,5242,5243],{},"(одразу відсікається 50% неживого світу)",".",[5206,5246,5247,5240,5250,5244],{},[5209,5248,5249],{},"«Це тварина?»",[5209,5251,5252],{},"(залишаємо тільки тварин)",[5206,5254,5255,5258,5259,5244],{},[5209,5256,5257],{},"«Вона живе у воді?»"," — Ні ",[5209,5260,5261],{},"(залишаються лише наземні істоти)",[5206,5263,5264,5267],{},[5209,5265,5266],{},"«Це ссавець?»"," — Так.",[5206,5269,5270,5267],{},[5209,5271,5272],{},"«Це хижак?»",[5191,5274,5275],{},"Кожне вдале запитання щоразу скорочує кількість варіантів удвічі, стрімко наближаючи гравця до правильної відповіді за мінімум кроків.",[5191,5277,5278],{},"За таким самим принципом мислять люди у повсякденній інженерній чи медичній роботі:",[5280,5281,5282,5285],"ol",{},[5206,5283,5284],{},"Лікар у приймальному відділенні не перебирає тисячі рідкісних хвороб навмання: спершу він перевіряє температуру, потім наявність кашлю, далі рівень кисню в крові.",[5206,5286,5287],{},"Кредитний відділ банку оцінює платоспроможність клієнта: спершу перевіряється кредитний рейтинг, потім офіційний дохід, далі наявність застави.",[5191,5289,5290,5291,5294,5295,5298],{},"Модель машинного навчання, що реалізує цей природний деревоподібний ланцюжок запитань, називається ",[5198,5292,5293],{},"деревом рішень"," (",[5209,5296,5297],{},"Decision Tree",").",[5300,5301],"hr",{},[5186,5303,5305],{"id":5304},"чому-саме-дерева-рішень-від-лінійних-формул-до-прозорих-правил","Чому саме дерева рішень? Від лінійних формул до прозорих правил",[5191,5307,5308],{},"У попередніх темах ми детально досліджували сімейство лінійних моделей:",[5203,5310,5311,5324],{},[5206,5312,5313,5294,5316,5318,5319,5244],{},[5198,5314,5315],{},"Лінійна регресія",[5209,5317,3777],{},") намагається описати весь світ єдиною прямою лінією або площиною виду ",[5320,5321],"math-formula",{"tex":5322,":inline":5323},"\\hat{y} = w_1 x_1 + w_2 x_2 + b","true",[5206,5325,5326,5294,5329,5331,5332,5335,5336,5298],{},[5198,5327,5328],{},"Поліноміальна регресія",[5209,5330,3835],{},") та моделі з регуляризацією ",[5198,5333,5334],{},"Ridge \u002F Lasso"," дозволяють моделювати нелінійні криві, проте роздувають простір ознак до десятків штучних колонок (",[5320,5337],{"tex":5338,":inline":5323},"x_1^2, x_1 x_2, \\dots",[5191,5340,5341],{},"У лінійних моделей є дві критичні практичні проблеми:",[5280,5343,5344,5354],{},[5206,5345,5346,5349,5350,5353],{},[5198,5347,5348],{},"Ваги діють однаково для всіх даних:"," якщо коефіцієнт ваги біля площі ",[5320,5351],{"tex":5352,":inline":5323},"w_1 = 1500",", це означає, що за збільшення площі на кожен 1 м² ціна завжди зростає на 1500 $, незалежно від того, де розташована квартира — в елітному центрі чи в промисловій зоні за містом. Проте в реальному житті вплив ознак залежить від контексту: велика площа в центрі коштує набагато дорожче за велику площу на околиці!",[5206,5355,5356,5359],{},[5198,5357,5358],{},"Складність для розуміння:"," коли Ridge-регресія видає формулу з 60 дробовими коефіцієнтами, важко пояснити людині чи бізнесу, чому модель видала саме таку оцінку.",[5191,5361,5362,5363,5232],{},"Дерева рішень працюють зовсім по-іншому — замість складної формули вони будують прості ",[5198,5364,5365],{},"умовні правила (if-then-else)",[5367,5368,5373],"pre",{"className":5369,"code":5371,"language":5372},[5370],"language-text","ЯКЩО площа > 80 м²:\n    ЯКЩО район = \"Центр\":\n        → Прогнозована ціна = 75,000 $\n    ІНАКШЕ:\n        → Прогнозована ціна = 45,000 $\nІНАКШЕ:\n    ЯКЩО вік будинку \u003C= 5 років:\n        → Прогнозована ціна = 35,000 $\n    ІНАКШЕ:\n        → Прогнозована ціна = 25,000 $\n","text",[5374,5375,5371],"code",{"__ignoreMap":5376},"",[5191,5378,5379],{},"Така логіка прозора, не потребує складних інструкцій і зрозуміла кожному з першого погляду.",[5300,5381],{},[5186,5383,5385],{"id":5384},"анатомія-дерева-рішень","Анатомія дерева рішень",[5191,5387,5388],{},"Дерево рішень — це ієрархічна схема, що росте «зверху вниз» і складається з трьох ключових будівельних блоків:",[5390,5391,5392,5427,5450],"card-group",{},[5393,5394,5397,5400,5418],"card",{"icon":5395,"title":5396},"i-lucide-circle-dot","🔵 Вузли прийняття рішень (Decision Nodes)",[5191,5398,5399],{},"Вузли дерева, де перевіряється конкретна умова (правило) щодо ознаки:",[5203,5401,5402,5412],{},[5206,5403,5404,5405,5408,5409],{},"Для числових ознак: ",[5209,5406,5407],{},"«Площа > 80 м²?»",", ",[5209,5410,5411],{},"«Вік будинку \u003C= 10 років?»",[5206,5413,5414,5415],{},"Для категоріальних ознак: ",[5209,5416,5417],{},"«Район == Центр?»",[5191,5419,5420,5421,5294,5424,5298],{},"Найперший початковий вузол на верхівці дерева називається ",[5198,5422,5423],{},"кореневим вузлом",[5209,5425,5426],{},"Root Node",[5393,5428,5430,5433,5447],{"icon":4590,"title":5429},"➡️ Гілки переходів (Branches)",[5191,5431,5432],{},"Стрілки між вузлами, що відповідають результатам перевірки умови:",[5203,5434,5435,5441],{},[5206,5436,5437,5440],{},[5198,5438,5439],{},"Гілка «Так» (True):"," об'єкти, що задовольняють умову вузла.",[5206,5442,5443,5446],{},[5198,5444,5445],{},"Гілка «Ні» (False):"," об'єкти, для яких умова хибна.",[5191,5448,5449],{},"Кожна гілка спрямовує відповідну частину даних далі до наступного вузла.",[5393,5451,5454,5460],{"icon":5452,"title":5453},"i-lucide-file","🟢 Кінцеві листки (Leaves)",[5191,5455,5456,5457,5232],{},"Кінцеві вузли дерева, які більше не діляться і містять ",[5198,5458,5459],{},"фінальний прогноз моделі",[5203,5461,5462,5468],{},[5206,5463,5464,5467],{},[5198,5465,5466],{},"У задачах класифікації:"," найчастіший клас або ймовірності для кожного класу.",[5206,5469,5470,5473],{},[5198,5471,5472],{},"У задачах регресії:"," числове значення (середнє арифметичне всіх значень, що потрапили в цей листок).",[5475,5476,5478],"h3",{"id":5477},"візуальна-схема-структури-дерева","Візуальна схема структури дерева",[5480,5481,5483],"plant-uml",{"alt":5482},"Анатомія та структура дерева рішень",[5367,5484,5488],{"className":5485,"code":5486,"language":5487,"meta":5376,"style":5376},"language-plantuml shiki shiki-themes light-plus dark-plus dark-plus","@startuml\nskinparam style plain\nskinparam backgroundColor #FFFFFF\nskinparam defaultFontName Arial\nskinparam roundCorner 8\n\nrectangle \"Кореневий вузол (Root Node)\\n**Площа > 80 м²?**\" as root #EFF6FF\nrectangle \"Внутрішній вузол (Decision Node)\\n**Район = Центр?**\" as left #EFF6FF\n\nrectangle \"Листок (Leaf)\\n**Ціна = 30,000 $**\" as leaf_right #DCFCE7\nrectangle \"Листок (Leaf)\\n**Ціна = 75,000 $**\" as leaf_left_true #DCFCE7\nrectangle \"Листок (Leaf)\\n**Ціна = 45,000 $**\" as leaf_left_false #DCFCE7\n\nroot -down-> left : Так (True)\nroot -right-> leaf_right : Ні (False)\n\nleft -down-> leaf_left_true : Так (True)\nleft -right-> leaf_left_false : Ні (False)\n@enduml\n","plantuml",[5374,5489,5490,5498,5504,5510,5516,5522,5529,5535,5541,5546,5552,5558,5564,5569,5575,5581,5586,5592,5598],{"__ignoreMap":5376},[5491,5492,5495],"span",{"class":5493,"line":5494},"line",1,[5491,5496,5497],{},"@startuml\n",[5491,5499,5501],{"class":5493,"line":5500},2,[5491,5502,5503],{},"skinparam style plain\n",[5491,5505,5507],{"class":5493,"line":5506},3,[5491,5508,5509],{},"skinparam backgroundColor #FFFFFF\n",[5491,5511,5513],{"class":5493,"line":5512},4,[5491,5514,5515],{},"skinparam defaultFontName Arial\n",[5491,5517,5519],{"class":5493,"line":5518},5,[5491,5520,5521],{},"skinparam roundCorner 8\n",[5491,5523,5525],{"class":5493,"line":5524},6,[5491,5526,5528],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5527},true,"\n",[5491,5530,5532],{"class":5493,"line":5531},7,[5491,5533,5534],{},"rectangle \"Кореневий вузол (Root Node)\\n**Площа > 80 м²?**\" as root #EFF6FF\n",[5491,5536,5538],{"class":5493,"line":5537},8,[5491,5539,5540],{},"rectangle \"Внутрішній вузол (Decision Node)\\n**Район = Центр?**\" as left #EFF6FF\n",[5491,5542,5544],{"class":5493,"line":5543},9,[5491,5545,5528],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5527},[5491,5547,5549],{"class":5493,"line":5548},10,[5491,5550,5551],{},"rectangle \"Листок (Leaf)\\n**Ціна = 30,000 $**\" as leaf_right #DCFCE7\n",[5491,5553,5555],{"class":5493,"line":5554},11,[5491,5556,5557],{},"rectangle \"Листок (Leaf)\\n**Ціна = 75,000 $**\" as leaf_left_true #DCFCE7\n",[5491,5559,5561],{"class":5493,"line":5560},12,[5491,5562,5563],{},"rectangle \"Листок (Leaf)\\n**Ціна = 45,000 $**\" as leaf_left_false #DCFCE7\n",[5491,5565,5567],{"class":5493,"line":5566},13,[5491,5568,5528],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5527},[5491,5570,5572],{"class":5493,"line":5571},14,[5491,5573,5574],{},"root -down-> left : Так (True)\n",[5491,5576,5578],{"class":5493,"line":5577},15,[5491,5579,5580],{},"root -right-> leaf_right : Ні (False)\n",[5491,5582,5584],{"class":5493,"line":5583},16,[5491,5585,5528],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5527},[5491,5587,5589],{"class":5493,"line":5588},17,[5491,5590,5591],{},"left -down-> leaf_left_true : Так (True)\n",[5491,5593,5595],{"class":5493,"line":5594},18,[5491,5596,5597],{},"left -right-> leaf_left_false : Ні (False)\n",[5491,5599,5601],{"class":5493,"line":5600},19,[5491,5602,5603],{},"@enduml\n",[5300,5605],{},[5186,5607,5609],{"id":5608},"як-дерево-обирає-розбиття-для-класифікації-ентропія-та-критерій-джині","Як дерево обирає розбиття для класифікації: Ентропія та Критерій Джині",[5191,5611,5612],{},"Уявіть, що алгоритм розпочинає побудову дерева. У датасеті є 10 ознак, і кожна з них має десятки можливих порогових значень. Загалом існує сотні потенційних запитань:",[5203,5614,5615,5624],{},[5206,5616,5617,5620,5621],{},[5209,5618,5619],{},"«Площа > 50?»"," чи ",[5209,5622,5623],{},"«Площа > 75?»",[5206,5625,5626,5620,5629],{},[5209,5627,5628],{},"«Кімнати >= 2?»",[5209,5630,5631],{},"«Вік \u003C= 5?»",[5191,5633,5634],{},"Яке саме запитання алгоритм має поставити першим у кореневому вузлі, а яке — на наступних рівнях?",[5191,5636,5637,5638,5641,5642,5294,5645,5648],{},"Щоб зробити вибір, алгоритму потрібна міра ",[5198,5639,5640],{},"«змішаності»"," або ",[5198,5643,5644],{},"«неоднорідності»",[5209,5646,5647],{},"Impurity",") у вузлі. Ідеальне запитання — це те, яке якнайкраще розділяє перемішані класи на чисті, однорідні групи.",[5475,5650,5652],{"id":5651},"ентропія-клода-шеннона-міра-невизначеності","Ентропія Клода Шеннона: міра невизначеності",[5191,5654,5655,5656,5294,5659,5662],{},"Для оцінки хаосу та невизначеності використовується ",[5198,5657,5658],{},"інформаційна ентропія",[5209,5660,5661],{},"Entropy","), запропонована Клодом Шенноном у 1948 році:",[5320,5664],{"tex":5665},"H = -\\sum_{i=1}^{K} p_i \\cdot \\log_2(p_i)",[5191,5667,5668,5669,5672,5673,5676,5677,5680,5681,5298],{},"де ",[5320,5670],{"tex":5671,":inline":5323},"K"," — кількість класів у вибірці, а ",[5320,5674],{"tex":5675,":inline":5323},"p_i"," — частка прикладів ",[5320,5678],{"tex":5679,":inline":5323},"i","-го класу у поточному вузлі (",[5320,5682],{"tex":5683,":inline":5323},"p_i \\in [0, 1]",[5191,5685,5686],{},[5198,5687,5688],{},"Що означає ентропія на практиці:",[5203,5690,5691,5701],{},[5206,5692,5693,5700],{},[5198,5694,5695,5696,5699],{},"Ентропія ",[5320,5697],{"tex":5698,":inline":5323},"H = 0.0"," (Повний порядок):"," Усі об'єкти у вузлі належать до одного й того самого класу. Жодної невизначеності немає — перед нами чистий листок.",[5206,5702,5703,5709,5710,5713],{},[5198,5704,5695,5705,5708],{},[5320,5706],{"tex":5707,":inline":5323},"H = 1.0"," (Максимальний хаос для 2 класів):"," Класи розділені порівну (",[5320,5711],{"tex":5712,":inline":5323},"50\\% \u002F 50\\%","). Це стан повної невизначеності — як результат підкидання звичайної монетки (орел чи решка з шансом 50\u002F50).",[5715,5716,5719],"jupyter-notebook",{"kernel":5717,"title":5718},"Python 3.11 (ipykernel)","entropy_example.ipynb",[5720,5721,5723,6067],"jupyter-cell",{"execution-count":5722},"1",[5367,5724,5728],{"className":5725,"code":5726,"language":5727,"meta":5376,"style":5376},"language-python shiki shiki-themes light-plus dark-plus dark-plus","import numpy as np\n\ndef entropy(counts):\n    \"\"\"Обчислення інформаційної ентропії Шеннона\"\"\"\n    total = sum(counts)\n    if total == 0:\n        return 0.0\n    probabilities = [count \u002F total for count in counts]\n    return float(-sum(p * np.log2(p) if p > 0 else 0.0 for p in probabilities))\n\n# Тестові набори розподілу класів\nsets = {\n    'Набір 1 (5 дорогих, 5 дешевих)': [5, 5],\n    'Набір 2 (9 дорогих, 1 дешевий)': [9, 1],\n    'Набір 3 (10 дорогих, 0 дешевих)': [10, 0]\n}\n\nprint(\"Обчислення ентропії для різних станів вибірки:\\n\")\nfor name, counts in sets.items():\n    h = entropy(counts)\n    status = 'Максимальний хаос (50\u002F50)' if h >= 0.9 else 'Повна визначеність (чистий вузол)' if h == 0.0 else 'Висока однорідність'\n    print(f\"{name:32s} -> Ентропія H = {h:.4f} біт ({status})\")\n","python",[5374,5729,5730,5746,5750,5770,5776,5787,5802,5810,5827,5869,5873,5879,5884,5902,5918,5935,5940,5944,5964,5976,5982,6018],{"__ignoreMap":5376},[5491,5731,5732,5736,5740,5743],{"class":5493,"line":5494},[5491,5733,5735],{"class":5734},"s8xlr","import",[5491,5737,5739],{"class":5738},"sHH4Y"," numpy ",[5491,5741,5742],{"class":5734},"as",[5491,5744,5745],{"class":5738}," np\n",[5491,5747,5748],{"class":5493,"line":5500},[5491,5749,5528],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5527},[5491,5751,5752,5756,5760,5763,5767],{"class":5493,"line":5506},[5491,5753,5755],{"class":5754},"su1O8","def",[5491,5757,5759],{"class":5758},"s8Opu"," entropy",[5491,5761,5762],{"class":5738},"(",[5491,5764,5766],{"class":5765},"siwwj","counts",[5491,5768,5769],{"class":5738},"):\n",[5491,5771,5772],{"class":5493,"line":5512},[5491,5773,5775],{"class":5774},"sbdoH","    \"\"\"Обчислення інформаційної ентропії Шеннона\"\"\"\n",[5491,5777,5778,5781,5784],{"class":5493,"line":5518},[5491,5779,5780],{"class":5738},"    total = ",[5491,5782,5783],{"class":5758},"sum",[5491,5785,5786],{"class":5738},"(counts)\n",[5491,5788,5789,5792,5795,5799],{"class":5493,"line":5524},[5491,5790,5791],{"class":5734},"    if",[5491,5793,5794],{"class":5738}," total == ",[5491,5796,5798],{"class":5797},"sJj4R","0",[5491,5800,5801],{"class":5738},":\n",[5491,5803,5804,5807],{"class":5493,"line":5531},[5491,5805,5806],{"class":5734},"        return",[5491,5808,5809],{"class":5797}," 0.0\n",[5491,5811,5812,5815,5818,5821,5824],{"class":5493,"line":5537},[5491,5813,5814],{"class":5738},"    probabilities = [count \u002F total ",[5491,5816,5817],{"class":5734},"for",[5491,5819,5820],{"class":5738}," count ",[5491,5822,5823],{"class":5734},"in",[5491,5825,5826],{"class":5738}," counts]\n",[5491,5828,5829,5832,5836,5839,5841,5844,5847,5850,5852,5855,5858,5861,5864,5866],{"class":5493,"line":5543},[5491,5830,5831],{"class":5734},"    return",[5491,5833,5835],{"class":5834},"sN1BT"," float",[5491,5837,5838],{"class":5738},"(-",[5491,5840,5783],{"class":5758},[5491,5842,5843],{"class":5738},"(p * np.log2(p) ",[5491,5845,5846],{"class":5734},"if",[5491,5848,5849],{"class":5738}," p > ",[5491,5851,5798],{"class":5797},[5491,5853,5854],{"class":5734}," else",[5491,5856,5857],{"class":5797}," 0.0",[5491,5859,5860],{"class":5734}," for",[5491,5862,5863],{"class":5738}," p ",[5491,5865,5823],{"class":5734},[5491,5867,5868],{"class":5738}," probabilities))\n",[5491,5870,5871],{"class":5493,"line":5548},[5491,5872,5528],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5527},[5491,5874,5875],{"class":5493,"line":5554},[5491,5876,5878],{"class":5877},"spJ8K","# Тестові набори розподілу класів\n",[5491,5880,5881],{"class":5493,"line":5560},[5491,5882,5883],{"class":5738},"sets = {\n",[5491,5885,5886,5889,5892,5895,5897,5899],{"class":5493,"line":5566},[5491,5887,5888],{"class":5774},"    'Набір 1 (5 дорогих, 5 дешевих)'",[5491,5890,5891],{"class":5738},": [",[5491,5893,5894],{"class":5797},"5",[5491,5896,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,5898,5894],{"class":5797},[5491,5900,5901],{"class":5738},"],\n",[5491,5903,5904,5907,5909,5912,5914,5916],{"class":5493,"line":5571},[5491,5905,5906],{"class":5774},"    'Набір 2 (9 дорогих, 1 дешевий)'",[5491,5908,5891],{"class":5738},[5491,5910,5911],{"class":5797},"9",[5491,5913,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,5915,5722],{"class":5797},[5491,5917,5901],{"class":5738},[5491,5919,5920,5923,5925,5928,5930,5932],{"class":5493,"line":5577},[5491,5921,5922],{"class":5774},"    'Набір 3 (10 дорогих, 0 дешевих)'",[5491,5924,5891],{"class":5738},[5491,5926,5927],{"class":5797},"10",[5491,5929,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,5931,5798],{"class":5797},[5491,5933,5934],{"class":5738},"]\n",[5491,5936,5937],{"class":5493,"line":5583},[5491,5938,5939],{"class":5738},"}\n",[5491,5941,5942],{"class":5493,"line":5588},[5491,5943,5528],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5527},[5491,5945,5946,5949,5951,5954,5958,5961],{"class":5493,"line":5594},[5491,5947,5948],{"class":5758},"print",[5491,5950,5762],{"class":5738},[5491,5952,5953],{"class":5774},"\"Обчислення ентропії для різних станів вибірки:",[5491,5955,5957],{"class":5956},"sjcCO","\\n",[5491,5959,5960],{"class":5774},"\"",[5491,5962,5963],{"class":5738},")\n",[5491,5965,5966,5968,5971,5973],{"class":5493,"line":5600},[5491,5967,5817],{"class":5734},[5491,5969,5970],{"class":5738}," name, counts ",[5491,5972,5823],{"class":5734},[5491,5974,5975],{"class":5738}," sets.items():\n",[5491,5977,5979],{"class":5493,"line":5978},20,[5491,5980,5981],{"class":5738},"    h = entropy(counts)\n",[5491,5983,5985,5988,5991,5994,5997,6000,6002,6005,6007,6010,6013,6015],{"class":5493,"line":5984},21,[5491,5986,5987],{"class":5738},"    status = ",[5491,5989,5990],{"class":5774},"'Максимальний хаос (50\u002F50)'",[5491,5992,5993],{"class":5734}," if",[5491,5995,5996],{"class":5738}," h >= ",[5491,5998,5999],{"class":5797},"0.9",[5491,6001,5854],{"class":5734},[5491,6003,6004],{"class":5774}," 'Повна визначеність (чистий вузол)'",[5491,6006,5993],{"class":5734},[5491,6008,6009],{"class":5738}," h == ",[5491,6011,6012],{"class":5797},"0.0",[5491,6014,5854],{"class":5734},[5491,6016,6017],{"class":5774}," 'Висока однорідність'\n",[5491,6019,6021,6024,6026,6029,6031,6034,6037,6040,6043,6045,6048,6051,6054,6056,6059,6062,6065],{"class":5493,"line":6020},22,[5491,6022,6023],{"class":5758},"    print",[5491,6025,5762],{"class":5738},[5491,6027,6028],{"class":5754},"f",[5491,6030,5960],{"class":5774},[5491,6032,6033],{"class":5754},"{",[5491,6035,6036],{"class":5738},"name",[5491,6038,6039],{"class":5754},":32s}",[5491,6041,6042],{"class":5774}," -> Ентропія H = ",[5491,6044,6033],{"class":5754},[5491,6046,6047],{"class":5738},"h",[5491,6049,6050],{"class":5754},":.4f}",[5491,6052,6053],{"class":5774}," біт (",[5491,6055,6033],{"class":5754},[5491,6057,6058],{"class":5738},"status",[5491,6060,6061],{"class":5754},"}",[5491,6063,6064],{"class":5774},")\"",[5491,6066,5963],{"class":5738},[6068,6069,6070],"template",{"v-slot:output":5376},[6071,6072,6073,6096],"table",{},[6074,6075,6076],"thead",{},[6077,6078,6079,6084,6087,6093],"tr",{},[6080,6081,6083],"th",{"align":6082},"left","Набір даних",[6080,6085,6086],{"align":6082},"Розподіл класів",[6080,6088,5695,6090],{"align":6089},"center",[5320,6091],{"tex":6092,":inline":5323},"H",[6080,6094,6095],{"align":6082},"Інтерпретація стану",[6097,6098,6099,6127,6153],"tbody",{},[6077,6100,6101,6108,6117,6124],{},[6102,6103,6104,6107],"td",{"align":6082},[5198,6105,6106],{},"Набір 1"," (5 дорогих, 5 дешевих)",[6102,6109,6110,5294,6113,6116],{"align":6082},[5374,6111,6112],{},"[5, 5]",[5320,6114],{"tex":6115,":inline":5323},"p_1 = 0.5, p_2 = 0.5",")",[6102,6118,6119],{"align":6089},[5198,6120,6121],{},[5374,6122,6123],{},"1.0000",[6102,6125,6126],{"align":6082},"🔴 Повна невизначеність (максимальний хаос)",[6077,6128,6129,6135,6143,6150],{},[6102,6130,6131,6134],{"align":6082},[5198,6132,6133],{},"Набір 2"," (9 дорогих, 1 дешевий)",[6102,6136,6137,5294,6140,6116],{"align":6082},[5374,6138,6139],{},"[9, 1]",[5320,6141],{"tex":6142,":inline":5323},"p_1 = 0.9, p_2 = 0.1",[6102,6144,6145],{"align":6089},[5198,6146,6147],{},[5374,6148,6149],{},"0.4690",[6102,6151,6152],{"align":6082},"🟡 Висока визначеність (переважає один клас)",[6077,6154,6155,6161,6169,6176],{},[6102,6156,6157,6160],{"align":6082},[5198,6158,6159],{},"Набір 3"," (10 дорогих, 0 дешевих)",[6102,6162,6163,5294,6166,6116],{"align":6082},[5374,6164,6165],{},"[10, 0]",[5320,6167],{"tex":6168,":inline":5323},"p_1 = 1.0, p_2 = 0.0",[6102,6170,6171],{"align":6089},[5198,6172,6173],{},[5374,6174,6175],{},"0.0000",[6102,6177,6178],{"align":6082},"🟢 Повна визначеність (чистий вузол \u002F ідеальний розподіл)",[5475,6180,6182],{"id":6181},"покроковий-розрахунок-ентропії-демо-приклад-із-вазою-кульок","Покроковий розрахунок ентропії: демо-приклад із вазою кульок",[5191,6184,6185,6186,6189,6190,6193,6194,6197,6198,6193,6201,5298],{},"Щоб формула Шеннона перестала бути абстракцією, розглянемо простий приклад: у закритій вазі лежать ",[5198,6187,6188],{},"8 кульок"," — ",[5198,6191,6192],{},"6 зелених"," (клас ",[5320,6195],{"tex":6196,":inline":5323},"A",") та ",[5198,6199,6200],{},"2 червоні",[5320,6202],{"tex":6203,":inline":5323},"B",[6205,6206,6207,6211,6223,6227,6238,6242,6253,6257],"steps",{},[5475,6208,6210],{"id":6209},"крок-1-обчислення-часток-класів","Крок 1. Обчислення часток класів",[5191,6212,6213,6216,6217,6220,5244],{},[5320,6214],{"tex":6215,":inline":5323},"p*{\\text{зелені}} = \\frac{6}{8} = 0.75",",",[6218,6219],"br",{},[5320,6221],{"tex":6222,":inline":5323},"p*{\\text{червоні}} = \\frac{2}{8} = 0.25",[5475,6224,6226],{"id":6225},"крок-2-обчислення-двійкових-логарифмів","Крок 2. Обчислення двійкових логарифмів",[5191,6228,6229,6230,6216,6233,6235,5244],{},"Логарифм оцінює обсяг невизначеності у бітах:\n",[5320,6231],{"tex":6232,":inline":5323},"\\log_2(0.75) \\approx -0.4150",[6218,6234],{},[5320,6236],{"tex":6237,":inline":5323},"\\log_2(0.25) = -2.0000",[5475,6239,6241],{"id":6240},"крок-3-множення-часток-на-логарифми","Крок 3. Множення часток на логарифми",[5191,6243,6244,6245,6216,6248,6250,5244],{},"Множимо ймовірність кожного результату на відповідний логарифм:\n",[5320,6246],{"tex":6247,":inline":5323},"0.75 \\cdot (-0.4150) \\approx -0.3113",[6218,6249],{},[5320,6251],{"tex":6252,":inline":5323},"0.25 \\cdot (-2.0000) = -0.5000",[5475,6254,6256],{"id":6255},"крок-4-додавання-та-зміна-знака","Крок 4. Додавання та зміна знака",[5191,6258,6259,5244],{},[5320,6260],{"tex":6261,":inline":5323},"H = -\\big((-0.3113) + (-0.5000)\\big) = -(-0.8113) \\approx 0.8113\\text{ біт}",[5715,6263,6265],{"kernel":5717,"title":6264},"entropy_step_by_step.ipynb",[5720,6266,6267,6558],{"execution-count":5722},[5367,6268,6270],{"className":5725,"code":6269,"language":5727,"meta":5376,"style":5376},"def explain_entropy(classes: dict[str, int]) -> float:\n    total = sum(classes.values())\n    print(f\"Загальна кількість об'єктів N = {total}\")\n    print(\"-\" * 52)\n\n    entropy_val = 0.0\n    for label, count in classes.items():\n        p = count \u002F total\n        log_val = np.log2(p) if p > 0 else 0.0\n        weighted = p * log_val\n        entropy_val -= weighted\n        print(f\"Клас '{label}': {count}\u002F{total} (p={p:.2f}) -> log2(p)={log_val:+.4f} -> p*log2(p)={weighted:+.4f}\")\n\n    print(\"-\" * 52)\n    print(f\"Ентропія H = {entropy_val:.4f} біт\")\n    return entropy_val\n\nresult = explain_entropy({'Зелені': 6, 'Червоні': 2})\n",[5374,6271,6272,6303,6312,6334,6351,6355,6363,6376,6381,6396,6401,6406,6479,6483,6497,6520,6527,6531],{"__ignoreMap":5376},[5491,6273,6274,6276,6279,6281,6284,6287,6290,6292,6295,6298,6301],{"class":5493,"line":5494},[5491,6275,5755],{"class":5754},[5491,6277,6278],{"class":5758}," explain_entropy",[5491,6280,5762],{"class":5738},[5491,6282,6283],{"class":5765},"classes",[5491,6285,6286],{"class":5738},": dict[",[5491,6288,6289],{"class":5834},"str",[5491,6291,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,6293,6294],{"class":5834},"int",[5491,6296,6297],{"class":5738},"]) -> ",[5491,6299,6300],{"class":5834},"float",[5491,6302,5801],{"class":5738},[5491,6304,6305,6307,6309],{"class":5493,"line":5500},[5491,6306,5780],{"class":5738},[5491,6308,5783],{"class":5758},[5491,6310,6311],{"class":5738},"(classes.values())\n",[5491,6313,6314,6316,6318,6320,6323,6325,6328,6330,6332],{"class":5493,"line":5506},[5491,6315,6023],{"class":5758},[5491,6317,5762],{"class":5738},[5491,6319,6028],{"class":5754},[5491,6321,6322],{"class":5774},"\"Загальна кількість об'єктів N = ",[5491,6324,6033],{"class":5754},[5491,6326,6327],{"class":5738},"total",[5491,6329,6061],{"class":5754},[5491,6331,5960],{"class":5774},[5491,6333,5963],{"class":5738},[5491,6335,6336,6338,6340,6343,6346,6349],{"class":5493,"line":5512},[5491,6337,6023],{"class":5758},[5491,6339,5762],{"class":5738},[5491,6341,6342],{"class":5774},"\"-\"",[5491,6344,6345],{"class":5738}," * ",[5491,6347,6348],{"class":5797},"52",[5491,6350,5963],{"class":5738},[5491,6352,6353],{"class":5493,"line":5518},[5491,6354,5528],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5527},[5491,6356,6357,6360],{"class":5493,"line":5524},[5491,6358,6359],{"class":5738},"    entropy_val = ",[5491,6361,6362],{"class":5797},"0.0\n",[5491,6364,6365,6368,6371,6373],{"class":5493,"line":5531},[5491,6366,6367],{"class":5734},"    for",[5491,6369,6370],{"class":5738}," label, count ",[5491,6372,5823],{"class":5734},[5491,6374,6375],{"class":5738}," classes.items():\n",[5491,6377,6378],{"class":5493,"line":5537},[5491,6379,6380],{"class":5738},"        p = count \u002F total\n",[5491,6382,6383,6386,6388,6390,6392,6394],{"class":5493,"line":5543},[5491,6384,6385],{"class":5738},"        log_val = np.log2(p) ",[5491,6387,5846],{"class":5734},[5491,6389,5849],{"class":5738},[5491,6391,5798],{"class":5797},[5491,6393,5854],{"class":5734},[5491,6395,5809],{"class":5797},[5491,6397,6398],{"class":5493,"line":5548},[5491,6399,6400],{"class":5738},"        weighted = p * log_val\n",[5491,6402,6403],{"class":5493,"line":5554},[5491,6404,6405],{"class":5738},"        entropy_val -= weighted\n",[5491,6407,6408,6411,6413,6415,6418,6420,6423,6425,6428,6430,6433,6435,6438,6440,6442,6444,6447,6449,6451,6454,6457,6459,6462,6465,6468,6470,6473,6475,6477],{"class":5493,"line":5560},[5491,6409,6410],{"class":5758},"        print",[5491,6412,5762],{"class":5738},[5491,6414,6028],{"class":5754},[5491,6416,6417],{"class":5774},"\"Клас '",[5491,6419,6033],{"class":5754},[5491,6421,6422],{"class":5738},"label",[5491,6424,6061],{"class":5754},[5491,6426,6427],{"class":5774},"': ",[5491,6429,6033],{"class":5754},[5491,6431,6432],{"class":5738},"count",[5491,6434,6061],{"class":5754},[5491,6436,6437],{"class":5774},"\u002F",[5491,6439,6033],{"class":5754},[5491,6441,6327],{"class":5738},[5491,6443,6061],{"class":5754},[5491,6445,6446],{"class":5774}," (p=",[5491,6448,6033],{"class":5754},[5491,6450,5191],{"class":5738},[5491,6452,6453],{"class":5754},":.2f}",[5491,6455,6456],{"class":5774},") -> log2(p)=",[5491,6458,6033],{"class":5754},[5491,6460,6461],{"class":5738},"log_val",[5491,6463,6464],{"class":5754},":+.4f}",[5491,6466,6467],{"class":5774}," -> p*log2(p)=",[5491,6469,6033],{"class":5754},[5491,6471,6472],{"class":5738},"weighted",[5491,6474,6464],{"class":5754},[5491,6476,5960],{"class":5774},[5491,6478,5963],{"class":5738},[5491,6480,6481],{"class":5493,"line":5566},[5491,6482,5528],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5527},[5491,6484,6485,6487,6489,6491,6493,6495],{"class":5493,"line":5571},[5491,6486,6023],{"class":5758},[5491,6488,5762],{"class":5738},[5491,6490,6342],{"class":5774},[5491,6492,6345],{"class":5738},[5491,6494,6348],{"class":5797},[5491,6496,5963],{"class":5738},[5491,6498,6499,6501,6503,6505,6508,6510,6513,6515,6518],{"class":5493,"line":5577},[5491,6500,6023],{"class":5758},[5491,6502,5762],{"class":5738},[5491,6504,6028],{"class":5754},[5491,6506,6507],{"class":5774},"\"Ентропія H = ",[5491,6509,6033],{"class":5754},[5491,6511,6512],{"class":5738},"entropy_val",[5491,6514,6050],{"class":5754},[5491,6516,6517],{"class":5774}," біт\"",[5491,6519,5963],{"class":5738},[5491,6521,6522,6524],{"class":5493,"line":5583},[5491,6523,5831],{"class":5734},[5491,6525,6526],{"class":5738}," entropy_val\n",[5491,6528,6529],{"class":5493,"line":5588},[5491,6530,5528],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5527},[5491,6532,6533,6536,6539,6542,6545,6547,6550,6552,6555],{"class":5493,"line":5594},[5491,6534,6535],{"class":5738},"result = explain_entropy({",[5491,6537,6538],{"class":5774},"'Зелені'",[5491,6540,6541],{"class":5738},": ",[5491,6543,6544],{"class":5797},"6",[5491,6546,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,6548,6549],{"class":5774},"'Червоні'",[5491,6551,6541],{"class":5738},[5491,6553,6554],{"class":5797},"2",[5491,6556,6557],{"class":5738},"})\n",[6068,6559,6560,6563,6565,6572,6574],{"v-slot:output":5376},[5191,6561,6562],{},"Загальна кількість об'єктів N = 8",[5300,6564],{},[5191,6566,6567,6568,6571],{},"Клас 'Зелені': 6\u002F8 (p=0.75) -> log2(p)=-0.4150 -> p",[5209,6569,6570],{},"log2(p)=-0.3113\nКлас 'Червоні': 2\u002F8 (p=0.25) -> log2(p)=-2.0000 -> p","log2(p)=-0.5000",[5300,6573],{},[5191,6575,6576],{},"Ентропія H = 0.8113 біт",[5475,6578,6580],{"id":6579},"критерій-джині-gini-impurity-проти-ентропії-чому-scikit-learn-використовує-gini","Критерій Джині (Gini Impurity) проти Ентропії: чому scikit-learn використовує Gini?",[5191,6582,6583,6584,6587,6588,6591,6592,6595],{},"Якщо відкрити документацію ",[5374,6585,6586],{},"DecisionTreeClassifier"," у scikit-learn, ви побачите параметр за замовчуванням ",[5374,6589,6590],{},"criterion='gini'",", а не ",[5374,6593,6594],{},"'entropy'",". Чому?",[5191,6597,6598,6599,5294,6602,6605],{},"Формула ",[5198,6600,6601],{},"критерію неоднорідності Джині",[5209,6603,6604],{},"Gini Impurity","):",[5320,6607],{"tex":6608},"\\text{Gini} = 1 - \\sum\\_{i=1}^{K} p_i^2",[5191,6610,6611,6614],{},[5198,6612,6613],{},"Просте пояснення критерію Джині:"," Уявіть, що ми навмання дістаємо елемент із вузла, а потім навмання приписуємо йому клас згідно з розподілом у цьому ж вузлі. Яка ймовірність того, що ми помилимося? Це і є Gini Impurity!",[5203,6616,6617,6628],{},[5206,6618,6619,6620,6623,6624,6627],{},"Якщо всі елементи одного класу (",[5320,6621],{"tex":6622,":inline":5323},"p_1 = 1.0","): ",[5320,6625],{"tex":6626,":inline":5323},"\\text{Gini} = 1 - 1.0^2 = 0.0"," (чистий вузол).",[5206,6629,6630,6631,6623,6633,5244],{},"Якщо класи розділені порівну (",[5320,6632],{"tex":6115,":inline":5323},[5320,6634],{"tex":6635,":inline":5323},"\\text{Gini} = 1 - (0.25 + 0.25) = 0.5",[6637,6638,6639,6643,6654],"note",{},[5475,6640,6642],{"id":6641},"чому-на-практиці-частіше-обирають-gini-impurity","Чому на практиці частіше обирають Gini Impurity?",[5191,6644,6645,6646,6649,6650,6653],{},"Розрахунок ентропії вимагає обчислення ",[5198,6647,6648],{},"двійкових логарифмів"," ",[5320,6651],{"tex":6652,":inline":5323},"\\log_2(p)"," для тисяч потенційних розбиттів. Обчислення логарифма на процесорі вимагає набагато більше ресурсів.",[5191,6655,6656,6657,6660,6661,6664],{},"Формула Джині потребує лише простого піднесення часток до квадрата (",[5320,6658],{"tex":6659,":inline":5323},"p_i^2","). Завдяки цьому ",[5198,6662,6663],{},"Gini рахується швидше",", а отримані дерева у більшості випадків практично не відрізняються від дерев за ентропією.",[5475,6666,6668],{"id":6667},"information-gain-вибір-найкращого-запитання","Information Gain: вибір найкращого запитання",[5191,6670,6671,6672,6675],{},"Коли дерево тестує запитання, воно оцінює ",[5198,6673,6674],{},"Information Gain (Приріст інформації)"," — різницю між ентропією батьківського вузла та зваженою сумою ентропій дочірніх гілок:",[5320,6677],{"tex":6678},"IG = H\\_{\\text{до розбиття}} - \\left(\\frac{N\\_{\\text{ліво}}}{N\\_{\\text{разом}}} \\cdot H\\_{\\text{ліво}} + \\frac{N\\_{\\text{право}}}{N\\_{\\text{разом}}} \\cdot H\\_{\\text{право}}\\right)",[5191,6680,6681,6684,6685,6688],{},[5198,6682,6683],{},"Правило алгоритму:"," З усіх можливих запитань обирається те, яке забезпечує ",[5198,6686,6687],{},"максимальний Information Gain"," (найсильніше зменшує хаос).",[6690,6691,6699,6700,6699,6705,6699,6709],"video",{"controls":5527,"autoPlay":5527,"loop":5527,"muted":5527,"playsInline":5527,"poster":6692,"className":6693},"\u002Fvideos\u002Fai-python\u002Fdecision-trees-random-forest\u002Fdecision-trees\u002Fdecision_tree_information_gain_poster.png",[6694,6695,6696,6697,6698],"diagram-img","rounded-xl","shadow-lg","w-full","my-6","\n  ",[6701,6702],"source",{"src":6703,"type":6704},"\u002Fvideos\u002Fai-python\u002Fdecision-trees-random-forest\u002Fdecision-trees\u002Fdecision_tree_information_gain.mp4","video\u002Fmp4",[6701,6706],{"src":6707,"type":6708},"\u002Fvideos\u002Fai-python\u002Fdecision-trees-random-forest\u002Fdecision-trees\u002Fdecision_tree_information_gain.webm","video\u002Fwebm",[6710,6711],"img",{"src":6712,"alt":6713,"className":6714},"\u002Fvideos\u002Fai-python\u002Fdecision-trees-random-forest\u002Fdecision-trees\u002Fdecision_tree_information_gain.gif","Анімація динамічного пошуку порогу розбиття та максимізації Information Gain",[6694],[5191,6716,6717],{},"На анімації наочно показано, як алгоритм CART сканує вісь значень неперервної ознаки:",[5280,6719,6720,6736,6742],{},[5206,6721,6722,6728,6729,6732,6733,5298],{},[5198,6723,6724,6725,5232],{},"Зліва направо рухається жовтий поріг ",[5320,6726],{"tex":6727,":inline":5323},"s"," При кожному кроці вибірка ділиться на ліву групу (",[5320,6730],{"tex":6731,":inline":5323},"X \\le s",") та праву групу (",[5320,6734],{"tex":6735,":inline":5323},"X > s",[5206,6737,6738,6741],{},[5198,6739,6740],{},"Перерахунок ентропії (знизу праворуч):"," Якщо поріг розрізає скупчення навпіл, ентропія в обох гілках залишається високою (багато суміші класів). Коли поріг точно відокремлює сині точки від червоних, ентропія різко спадає.",[5206,6743,6744,6747],{},[5198,6745,6746],{},"Крива Information Gain (зверху праворуч):"," Алгоритм відстежує приріст інформації для кожної координати. Зелена зірочка позначає глобальний пік — ідеальний числовий поріг, який дерево обере як умову в цьому вузлі.",[5715,6749,6751],{"kernel":5717,"title":6750},"information_gain.ipynb",[5720,6752,6754,7016],{"execution-count":5722,"execution-time":6753},"0.12s",[5367,6755,6757],{"className":5725,"code":6756,"language":5727,"meta":5376,"style":5376},"# Порівняння двох варіантів розбиття вибірки з 10 квартир (5 дорогих, 5 дешевих)\ninitial_counts = [5, 5]\nh_before = entropy(initial_counts)\n\n# Варіант 1: \"Площа > 70 м²\"\nleft1, right1 = [4, 1], [1, 4]\nh_l1, h_r1 = entropy(left1), entropy(right1)\nweighted_h1 = (5\u002F10) * h_l1 + (5\u002F10) * h_r1\nig1 = h_before - weighted_h1\n\n# Варіант 2: \"Кімнати >= 3\"\nleft2, right2 = [5, 2], [0, 3]\nh_l2, h_r2 = entropy(left2), entropy(right2)\nweighted_h2 = (7\u002F10) * h_l2 + (3\u002F10) * h_r2\nig2 = h_before - weighted_h2\n\nprint(f\"Початкова ентропія: {h_before:.4f}\")\nprint(f\"Варіант 1 (Площа > 70):   IG = {ig1:.4f}\")\nprint(f\"Варіант 2 (Кімнати >= 3): IG = {ig2:.4f}\")\nprint(f\"Переможець: {'Варіант 2' if ig2 > ig1 else 'Варіант 1'} (максимізує приріст інформації)\")\n",[5374,6758,6759,6764,6777,6782,6786,6791,6814,6819,6842,6847,6851,6856,6878,6883,6907,6912,6916,6938,6960,6982],{"__ignoreMap":5376},[5491,6760,6761],{"class":5493,"line":5494},[5491,6762,6763],{"class":5877},"# Порівняння двох варіантів розбиття вибірки з 10 квартир (5 дорогих, 5 дешевих)\n",[5491,6765,6766,6769,6771,6773,6775],{"class":5493,"line":5500},[5491,6767,6768],{"class":5738},"initial_counts = [",[5491,6770,5894],{"class":5797},[5491,6772,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,6774,5894],{"class":5797},[5491,6776,5934],{"class":5738},[5491,6778,6779],{"class":5493,"line":5506},[5491,6780,6781],{"class":5738},"h_before = entropy(initial_counts)\n",[5491,6783,6784],{"class":5493,"line":5512},[5491,6785,5528],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5527},[5491,6787,6788],{"class":5493,"line":5518},[5491,6789,6790],{"class":5877},"# Варіант 1: \"Площа > 70 м²\"\n",[5491,6792,6793,6796,6799,6801,6803,6806,6808,6810,6812],{"class":5493,"line":5524},[5491,6794,6795],{"class":5738},"left1, right1 = [",[5491,6797,6798],{"class":5797},"4",[5491,6800,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,6802,5722],{"class":5797},[5491,6804,6805],{"class":5738},"], [",[5491,6807,5722],{"class":5797},[5491,6809,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,6811,6798],{"class":5797},[5491,6813,5934],{"class":5738},[5491,6815,6816],{"class":5493,"line":5531},[5491,6817,6818],{"class":5738},"h_l1, h_r1 = entropy(left1), entropy(right1)\n",[5491,6820,6821,6824,6826,6828,6830,6833,6835,6837,6839],{"class":5493,"line":5537},[5491,6822,6823],{"class":5738},"weighted_h1 = (",[5491,6825,5894],{"class":5797},[5491,6827,6437],{"class":5738},[5491,6829,5927],{"class":5797},[5491,6831,6832],{"class":5738},") * h_l1 + (",[5491,6834,5894],{"class":5797},[5491,6836,6437],{"class":5738},[5491,6838,5927],{"class":5797},[5491,6840,6841],{"class":5738},") * h_r1\n",[5491,6843,6844],{"class":5493,"line":5543},[5491,6845,6846],{"class":5738},"ig1 = h_before - weighted_h1\n",[5491,6848,6849],{"class":5493,"line":5548},[5491,6850,5528],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5527},[5491,6852,6853],{"class":5493,"line":5554},[5491,6854,6855],{"class":5877},"# Варіант 2: \"Кімнати >= 3\"\n",[5491,6857,6858,6861,6863,6865,6867,6869,6871,6873,6876],{"class":5493,"line":5560},[5491,6859,6860],{"class":5738},"left2, right2 = [",[5491,6862,5894],{"class":5797},[5491,6864,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,6866,6554],{"class":5797},[5491,6868,6805],{"class":5738},[5491,6870,5798],{"class":5797},[5491,6872,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,6874,6875],{"class":5797},"3",[5491,6877,5934],{"class":5738},[5491,6879,6880],{"class":5493,"line":5566},[5491,6881,6882],{"class":5738},"h_l2, h_r2 = entropy(left2), entropy(right2)\n",[5491,6884,6885,6888,6891,6893,6895,6898,6900,6902,6904],{"class":5493,"line":5571},[5491,6886,6887],{"class":5738},"weighted_h2 = (",[5491,6889,6890],{"class":5797},"7",[5491,6892,6437],{"class":5738},[5491,6894,5927],{"class":5797},[5491,6896,6897],{"class":5738},") * h_l2 + (",[5491,6899,6875],{"class":5797},[5491,6901,6437],{"class":5738},[5491,6903,5927],{"class":5797},[5491,6905,6906],{"class":5738},") * h_r2\n",[5491,6908,6909],{"class":5493,"line":5577},[5491,6910,6911],{"class":5738},"ig2 = h_before - weighted_h2\n",[5491,6913,6914],{"class":5493,"line":5583},[5491,6915,5528],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5527},[5491,6917,6918,6920,6922,6924,6927,6929,6932,6934,6936],{"class":5493,"line":5588},[5491,6919,5948],{"class":5758},[5491,6921,5762],{"class":5738},[5491,6923,6028],{"class":5754},[5491,6925,6926],{"class":5774},"\"Початкова ентропія: ",[5491,6928,6033],{"class":5754},[5491,6930,6931],{"class":5738},"h_before",[5491,6933,6050],{"class":5754},[5491,6935,5960],{"class":5774},[5491,6937,5963],{"class":5738},[5491,6939,6940,6942,6944,6946,6949,6951,6954,6956,6958],{"class":5493,"line":5594},[5491,6941,5948],{"class":5758},[5491,6943,5762],{"class":5738},[5491,6945,6028],{"class":5754},[5491,6947,6948],{"class":5774},"\"Варіант 1 (Площа > 70):   IG = ",[5491,6950,6033],{"class":5754},[5491,6952,6953],{"class":5738},"ig1",[5491,6955,6050],{"class":5754},[5491,6957,5960],{"class":5774},[5491,6959,5963],{"class":5738},[5491,6961,6962,6964,6966,6968,6971,6973,6976,6978,6980],{"class":5493,"line":5600},[5491,6963,5948],{"class":5758},[5491,6965,5762],{"class":5738},[5491,6967,6028],{"class":5754},[5491,6969,6970],{"class":5774},"\"Варіант 2 (Кімнати >= 3): IG = ",[5491,6972,6033],{"class":5754},[5491,6974,6975],{"class":5738},"ig2",[5491,6977,6050],{"class":5754},[5491,6979,5960],{"class":5774},[5491,6981,5963],{"class":5738},[5491,6983,6984,6986,6988,6990,6993,6995,6998,7000,7003,7006,7009,7011,7014],{"class":5493,"line":5978},[5491,6985,5948],{"class":5758},[5491,6987,5762],{"class":5738},[5491,6989,6028],{"class":5754},[5491,6991,6992],{"class":5774},"\"Переможець: ",[5491,6994,6033],{"class":5754},[5491,6996,6997],{"class":5774},"'Варіант 2'",[5491,6999,5993],{"class":5734},[5491,7001,7002],{"class":5738}," ig2 > ig1 ",[5491,7004,7005],{"class":5734},"else",[5491,7007,7008],{"class":5774}," 'Варіант 1'",[5491,7010,6061],{"class":5754},[5491,7012,7013],{"class":5774}," (максимізує приріст інформації)\"",[5491,7015,5963],{"class":5738},[6068,7017,7018],{"v-slot:output":5376},[6071,7019,7020,7048],{},[6074,7021,7022],{},[6077,7023,7024,7027,7030,7033,7039,7045],{},[6080,7025,7026],{"align":6082},"Критерій розбиття",[6080,7028,7029],{"align":6082},"Ліва гілка",[6080,7031,7032],{"align":6082},"Права гілка",[6080,7034,7035,7036],{"align":6089},"Зважена ентропія ",[5320,7037],{"tex":7038,":inline":5323},"H\\_{\\text{split}}",[6080,7040,7041,7042,6116],{"align":6089},"Information Gain (",[5320,7043],{"tex":7044,":inline":5323},"IG",[6080,7046,7047],{"align":6082},"Статус вибору",[6097,7049,7050,7072,7112],{},[6077,7051,7052,7058,7061,7063,7067,7069],{},[6102,7053,7054,7057],{"align":6082},[5198,7055,7056],{},"Початковий стан"," (до розбиття)",[6102,7059,7060],{"align":6082},"—",[6102,7062,7060],{"align":6082},[6102,7064,7065],{"align":6089},[5374,7066,6123],{},[6102,7068,7060],{"align":6089},[6102,7070,7071],{"align":6082},"Базовий стан вибірки",[6077,7073,7074,7082,7090,7097,7102,7109],{},[6102,7075,7076,6541,7079],{"align":6082},[5198,7077,7078],{},"Варіант 1",[5374,7080,7081],{},"Площа > 70 м²",[6102,7083,7084,5294,7087,6116],{"align":6082},[5374,7085,7086],{},"[4, 1]",[5320,7088],{"tex":7089,":inline":5323},"H=0.7219",[6102,7091,7092,5294,7095,6116],{"align":6082},[5374,7093,7094],{},"[1, 4]",[5320,7096],{"tex":7089,":inline":5323},[6102,7098,7099],{"align":6089},[5374,7100,7101],{},"0.7219",[6102,7103,7104],{"align":6089},[5198,7105,7106],{},[5374,7107,7108],{},"0.2781",[6102,7110,7111],{"align":6082},"Відхилено (менший приріст інформації)",[6077,7113,7114,7122,7130,7138,7143,7150],{},[6102,7115,7116,6541,7119],{"align":6082},[5198,7117,7118],{},"Варіант 2",[5374,7120,7121],{},"Кімнати >= 3",[6102,7123,7124,5294,7127,6116],{"align":6082},[5374,7125,7126],{},"[5, 2]",[5320,7128],{"tex":7129,":inline":5323},"H=0.8631",[6102,7131,7132,5294,7135,6116],{"align":6082},[5374,7133,7134],{},"[0, 3]",[5320,7136],{"tex":7137,":inline":5323},"H=0.0000",[6102,7139,7140],{"align":6089},[5374,7141,7142],{},"0.6042",[6102,7144,7145],{"align":6089},[5198,7146,7147],{},[5374,7148,7149],{},"0.3958",[6102,7151,7152,7153,7156,7157,6116],{"align":6082},"🏆 ",[5198,7154,7155],{},"Обрано алгоритмом"," (найбільший ",[5320,7158],{"tex":7044,":inline":5323},[5300,7160],{},[5186,7162,7164],{"id":7163},"як-дерево-обирає-розбиття-для-регресії-дисперсія-та-середнє-значення","Як дерево обирає розбиття для регресії: Дисперсія та середнє значення",[5191,7166,7167,7168,7171,7172,7175],{},"Тепер поглянемо, ",[5198,7169,7170],{},"як дерево працює в задачі регресії",", коли цільове значення ",[5320,7173],{"tex":7174,":inline":5323},"y"," є неперервним числом (ціна квартири, температура тощо).",[5191,7177,7178],{},"Для чисел немає окремих класів, тому ентропію тут застосувати не вийде.",[5475,7180,7182],{"id":7181},"що-містить-листок-регресійного-дерева","Що містить листок регресійного дерева?",[5191,7184,7185,7186,7189],{},"У регресії прогноз листка — це ",[5198,7187,7188],{},"звичайне середнє арифметичне"," всіх тренувальних прикладів, які потрапили в цей листок:",[5320,7191],{"tex":7192},"\\hat{y}_{\\text{leaf}} = \\bar{y} = \\frac{1}{N_{\\text{leaf}}} \\sum\\_{i \\in \\text{leaf}} y_i",[5191,7194,7195,7196,5244],{},"Якщо в листок потрапили три будинки з цінами 40 000 $, 45 000 $ та 50 000 $, модель передбачить для будь-якого нового об'єкта в цьому листку середнє значення: ",[5198,7197,7198],{},"45 000 $",[5475,7200,7202],{"id":7201},"критерій-розбиття-мінімізація-середньоквадратичної-помилки-mse","Критерій розбиття: мінімізація середньоквадратичної помилки (MSE)",[5191,7204,7205,7206,5641,7209,7212],{},"Що є мірою «хаосу» та розкиду для чисел? ",[5198,7207,7208],{},"Дисперсія (Variance)",[5198,7210,7211],{},"середньоквадратична помилка (MSE)"," відносно середнього значення:",[5320,7214],{"tex":7215},"\\text{MSE}_{\\text{node}} = \\frac{1}{N} \\sum_{i=1}^{N} (y_i - \\bar{y})^2",[5191,7217,7218],{},"Дерево регресії шукає таке розбиття, яке мінімізує зважену суму MSE лівої та правої гілок:",[5320,7220],{"tex":7221},"\\text{Критерій} = \\frac{N*{\\text{ліво}}}{N} \\cdot \\text{MSE}*{\\text{ліво}} + \\frac{N*{\\text{право}}}{N} \\cdot \\text{MSE}*{\\text{право}} \\to \\min",[6690,7223,6699,7226,6699,7229,6699,7232],{"controls":5527,"autoPlay":5527,"loop":5527,"muted":5527,"playsInline":5527,"poster":7224,"className":7225},"\u002Fvideos\u002Fai-python\u002Fdecision-trees-random-forest\u002Fdecision-trees\u002Fdecision_tree_regression_step_approximation_poster.png",[6694,6695,6696,6697,6698],[6701,7227],{"src":7228,"type":6704},"\u002Fvideos\u002Fai-python\u002Fdecision-trees-random-forest\u002Fdecision-trees\u002Fdecision_tree_regression_step_approximation.mp4",[6701,7230],{"src":7231,"type":6708},"\u002Fvideos\u002Fai-python\u002Fdecision-trees-random-forest\u002Fdecision-trees\u002Fdecision_tree_regression_step_approximation.webm",[6710,7233],{"src":7234,"alt":7235,"className":7236},"\u002Fvideos\u002Fai-python\u002Fdecision-trees-random-forest\u002Fdecision-trees\u002Fdecision_tree_regression_step_approximation.gif","Анімація східчастої апроксимації кривої регресійним деревом та зниження MSE із ростом глибини",[6694],[5191,7238,7239],{},"Ключові висновки з динаміки апроксимації:",[5203,7241,7242,7248,7258],{},[5206,7243,7244,7247],{},[5198,7245,7246],{},"Шматочково-постійна форма (Piecewise Constant):"," Регресійне дерево ніколи не проводить нахилених ліній, як лінійна регресія. Його прогноз — це набір горизонтальних сходинок (середніх значень у кожному відрізку).",[5206,7249,7250,7253,7254,7257],{},[5198,7251,7252],{},"Зниження дисперсії та MSE:"," На нульовій глибині (",[5320,7255],{"tex":7256,":inline":5323},"d=0",") дерево прогнозує єдине середнє для всієї вибірки. Із кожним новим розбиттям ширина сегментів зменшується, сходинки точніше огинають нелінійну хвилю, а сумарна помилка MSE стрімко падає.",[5206,7259,7260,7263,7264,7267],{},[5198,7261,7262],{},"Ризик при великій глибині:"," При ",[5320,7265],{"tex":7266,":inline":5323},"d=8"," сходинок стає занадто багато — дерево починає повторювати кожну окрему шумну точку вимірювання (перенавчання).",[5475,7269,7271],{"id":7270},"як-алгоритм-знаходить-числові-пороги-наприклад-дохід-509","Як алгоритм знаходить числові пороги (наприклад, «Дохід \u003C= 5.09»)?",[5191,7273,7274],{},"Як алгоритм визначає конкретне числове порогове значення серед тисяч чисел? Розглянемо міні-приклад із 4 навчальними квартирами:",[6071,7276,7277,7297],{},[6074,7278,7279],{},[6077,7280,7281,7284,7291],{},[6080,7282,7283],{"align":6089},"Спостереження",[6080,7285,7286,7287,7290],{"align":6089},"Площа квартири (",[5320,7288],{"tex":7289,":inline":5323},"X",", м²)",[6080,7292,7293,7294,7296],{"align":6089},"Реальна вартість (",[5320,7295],{"tex":7174,":inline":5323},", тис. $)",[6097,7298,7299,7309,7318,7328],{},[6077,7300,7301,7303,7306],{},[6102,7302,5722],{"align":6089},[6102,7304,7305],{"align":6089},"40",[6102,7307,7308],{"align":6089},"60",[6077,7310,7311,7313,7315],{},[6102,7312,6554],{"align":6089},[6102,7314,7308],{"align":6089},[6102,7316,7317],{"align":6089},"70",[6077,7319,7320,7322,7325],{},[6102,7321,6875],{"align":6089},[6102,7323,7324],{"align":6089},"80",[6102,7326,7327],{"align":6089},"110",[6077,7329,7330,7332,7335],{},[6102,7331,6798],{"align":6089},[6102,7333,7334],{"align":6089},"100",[6102,7336,7337],{"align":6089},"130",[5191,7339,7340],{},"Покроковий пошук порогу розбиття:",[5280,7342,7343,7352,7378,7384],{},[5206,7344,7345,7348,7349,5244],{},[5198,7346,7347],{},"Сортування ознаки:"," Дані сортуються за зростанням площі: ",[5374,7350,7351],{},"[40, 60, 80, 100]",[5206,7353,7354,7357,7358],{},[5198,7355,7356],{},"Пошук можливих порогів:"," Беремо середнє значення між кожною парою сусідніх чисел:\n",[5203,7359,7360,7366,7372],{},[5206,7361,7362,7363],{},"Поріг 1: ",[5320,7364],{"tex":7365,":inline":5323},"\\frac{40 + 60}{2} = 50",[5206,7367,7368,7369],{},"Поріг 2: ",[5320,7370],{"tex":7371,":inline":5323},"\\frac{60 + 80}{2} = 70",[5206,7373,7374,7375],{},"Поріг 3: ",[5320,7376],{"tex":7377,":inline":5323},"\\frac{80 + 100}{2} = 90",[5206,7379,7380,7383],{},[5198,7381,7382],{},"Оцінка кандидатів:"," Для кожного порогу алгоритм ділить 4 будинки на дві групи, обчислює середні прогнози та вимірює сумарну помилку MSE.",[5206,7385,7386,7389,7390,7393,7394,7397,7398,7401],{},[5198,7387,7388],{},"Вибір найкращого:"," Поріг ",[5374,7391,7392],{},"70 м²"," чітко відокремлює дешеві будинки ",[5374,7395,7396],{},"[60, 70]"," від дорогих ",[5374,7399,7400],{},"[110, 130]",", забезпечуючи мінімальну дисперсію. Він і стає умовою розбиття у вузлі!",[5191,7403,7404,7405,7408],{},"Саме так дерево знаходить поріг ",[5374,7406,7407],{},"MedInc \u003C= 5.09"," для датасету California Housing, перевіривши всі проміжні значення впорядкованої колонки доходів.",[5300,7410],{},[5186,7412,7414],{"id":7413},"геометрична-природа-рішень-прямокутні-сходинки","Геометрична природа рішень: прямокутні сходинки",[5191,7416,7417],{},"Важливо розуміти, як саме дерева рішень геометрично бачать і розділяють простір ознак.",[5191,7419,7420,7421,7424,7425,7428,7429,5298],{},"На відміну від лінійних моделей, які проводять суцільні похилі гіперплощини (",[5320,7422],{"tex":7423,":inline":5323},"w_1 x_1 + w_2 x_2 + b = 0","), дерево рішень порівнює лише ",[5198,7426,7427],{},"одну ознаку з одним числовим порогом"," у кожному окремому вузлі (",[5320,7430],{"tex":7431,":inline":5323},"X_j \\le \\text{threshold}",[5191,7433,7434,7435,5244],{},"Через це межі рішень дерева на графіку завжди є ",[5198,7436,7437],{},"прямими лініями, строго паралельними до осей координат (під прямим кутом)",[6637,7439,7440,7443,7445],{},[5198,7441,7442],{},"Аналогія (Кухар із прямокутним ножем):",[6218,7444],{},"\nУявіть кухаря, якому дозволено різати піцу лише двома типами рухів: строго вертикально або строго горизонтально від краю до краю. Він фізично не може зробити плавний круглий чи похилий діагональний надріз. Будь-яка складна фігура виходить у нього складеною з прямокутних шматочків-сходинок. Саме так алгоритм CART розрізає простір ознак!",[5475,7447,7449],{"id":7448},"динаміка-розбиття-2d-простору-та-зростання-дерева","Динаміка розбиття 2D-простору та зростання дерева",[5191,7451,7452],{},"Щоб наочно побачити взаємозв'язок між графічною геометрією та структурою вузлів, подивіться на динамічну анімацію процесу навчання: ліворуч алгоритм крок за кроком розрізає площину ознак «Площа — Відстань» на прямокутні сектори, а праворуч синхронно формує відповідний граф CART-дерева:",[6690,7454,6699,7457,6699,7460,6699,7463],{"controls":5527,"autoPlay":5527,"loop":5527,"muted":5527,"playsInline":5527,"poster":7455,"className":7456},"\u002Fvideos\u002Fai-python\u002Fdecision-trees-random-forest\u002Fdecision-trees\u002Fdecision_tree_2d_space_partitioning_poster.png",[6694,6695,6696,6697,6698],[6701,7458],{"src":7459,"type":6704},"\u002Fvideos\u002Fai-python\u002Fdecision-trees-random-forest\u002Fdecision-trees\u002Fdecision_tree_2d_space_partitioning.mp4",[6701,7461],{"src":7462,"type":6708},"\u002Fvideos\u002Fai-python\u002Fdecision-trees-random-forest\u002Fdecision-trees\u002Fdecision_tree_2d_space_partitioning.webm",[6710,7464],{"src":7465,"alt":7466,"className":7467},"\u002Fvideos\u002Fai-python\u002Fdecision-trees-random-forest\u002Fdecision-trees\u002Fdecision_tree_2d_space_partitioning.gif","Анімація розбиття 2D-простору ознак на прямокутні регіони та відповідність структурі дерева рішень",[6694],[5191,7469,7470],{},"Зверніть увагу на важливі геометричні та алгоритмічні закономірності на анімації:",[5280,7472,7473,7479,7489,7503,7509],{},[5206,7474,7475,7478],{},[5198,7476,7477],{},"Початковий стан (Крок 0):"," Усі 52 приклади зібрані разом у неподіленому просторі. У дереві праворуч існує лише корінь, який аналізує всі можливі порогові кандидати для вибору найчистішого першого розбиття.",[5206,7480,7481,7484,7485,7488],{},[5198,7482,7483],{},"Перша умова в корені (Розбиття 1):"," Алгоритм обирає перевірку ",[5320,7486],{"tex":7487,":inline":5323},"\\text{Площа} \\le 70\\text{ м}^2",". На площині з'являється вертикальна лінія-ніж, що ділить простір на ліву зону (компактні квартири) та праву зону (просторі). У дереві додаються дві головні гілки.",[5206,7490,7491,7494,7495,7498,7499,7502],{},[5198,7492,7493],{},"Локальність наступних розбиттів (Розбиття 2 та 3):"," Лінії більше не перетинають увесь простір наскрізь! У лівій зоні горизонтальний розріз ",[5320,7496],{"tex":7497,":inline":5323},"\\text{Відстань} \\le 6\\text{ км}"," ділить лише компактні квартири, а в правій зоні умова ",[5320,7500],{"tex":7501,":inline":5323},"\\text{Відстань} \\le 12\\text{ км}"," ділить лише просторі. Кожен внутрішній вузол оперує виключно своєю локальною підмножиною даних.",[5206,7504,7505,7508],{},[5198,7506,7507],{},"Формування областей рішень (Decision Regions):"," Простір остаточно покривається 4 прямокутними комірками сітки. Кожна комірка закріплюється за окремим листком дерева (червоний = Дорога, блакитний = Дешева).",[5206,7510,7511,7514,7515,7518,7519,7522],{},[5198,7512,7513],{},"Передбачення для нового об'єкта (спуск по дереву):"," Коли з'являється новий будинок (наприклад, Об'єкт А: ",[5320,7516],{"tex":7517,":inline":5323},"48\\text{ м}^2, 3.8\\text{ км}","), він потрапляє в червоний нижній прямокутник. Праворуч на схемі дерева золотистим сяйвом підсвічується точний ланцюжок перевірок: ",[5374,7520,7521],{},"Корінь ➔ Вузол 2 ➔ Листок 1"," із фінальним передбаченням класу.",[5300,7524],{},[5390,7526,7527,7545],{},[5393,7528,7531,7538],{"icon":7529,"title":7530},"i-lucide-layout-grid","🟩 Сходинчаста форма меж",[5191,7532,7533,7534,7537],{},"Дерево розрізає простір ознак на сітку прямокутників (або багатовимірних блоків). Усередині кожної такої області модель видає ",[5198,7535,7536],{},"одне стале число"," (константу).",[5191,7539,7540,7541,7544],{},"Якщо реальна залежність у природі є плавною лінією (",[5320,7542],{"tex":7543,":inline":5323},"y = 2x","), дерево намагається наблизити її сходинками.",[5393,7546,7549,7555],{"icon":7547,"title":7548},"i-lucide-arrow-up-right","🚫 Нездатність до екстраполяції (прогнозу поза межами)",[5191,7550,7551,7552,5232],{},"Оскільки кожен листок прогнозує середнє значення своїх прикладів, дерево ",[5198,7553,7554],{},"ніколи не видасть число, більше за максимум у тренувальних даних",[5320,7556],{"tex":7557},"\\hat{y} \\in [\\min(y_{\\text{train}}), \\max(y_{\\text{train}})]",[5191,7559,7560],{},"Навіть якщо на вхід надійде вілла площею 10 000 м², дерево відправить її в крайній листок і видасть середнє значення найбільших будинків із тренувального набору.",[5300,7562],{},[5186,7564,7566],{"id":7565},"рекурсивний-алгоритм-побудови-дерева-алгоритм-cart","Рекурсивний алгоритм побудови дерева (Алгоритм CART)",[5191,7568,7569,7570,7573],{},"Дерево будується покроково за допомогою жадібного алгоритму ",[5198,7571,7572],{},"CART (Classification and Regression Trees)",": на кожному кроці алгоритм шукає найкраще розбиття тут і зараз, не заглядаючи наперед.",[5480,7575,7577],{"alt":7576},"Діаграма рекурсивного розбиття дерева рішень",[5367,7578,7580],{"className":5485,"code":7579,"language":5487,"meta":5376,"style":5376},"@startuml\nskinparam style plain\nskinparam backgroundColor #FFFFFF\nskinparam defaultFontName Arial\nskinparam roundCorner 8\n\nrectangle \"**Рівень 0 (Корінь)**\\n---\\nЗразків: 10 [Дорогі: 5, Дешеві: 5]\\nЕнтропія H = 1.0000\\n**Питання: Кімнати >= 3?**\" as Root #EFF6FF\n\nrectangle \"**Рівень 1 (Ліва гілка)**\\n---\\nЗразків: 7 [Дорогі: 5, Дешеві: 2]\\nЕнтропія H = 0.8631\\n**Питання: Площа > 75 м²?**\" as NodeL1 #EFF6FF\n\nrectangle \"**Листок (Права гілка)**\\n---\\nЗразків: 3 [Дорогі: 0, Дешеві: 3]\\nЕнтропія H = 0.0000\\n**Клас: ДЕШЕВА** 🟢\" as LeafR1 #DCFCE7\n\nrectangle \"**Листок (Ліво-Ліво)**\\n---\\nЗразків: 4 [Дорогі: 4, Дешеві: 0]\\nЕнтропія H = 0.0000\\n**Клас: ДОРОГА** 🟢\" as LeafL2 #DCFCE7\n\nrectangle \"**Листок (Ліво-Право)**\\n---\\nЗразків: 3 [Дорогі: 1, Дешеві: 2]\\nЕнтропія H = 0.9183\\nЗупинка: max_depth = 2\\n**Клас: ДЕШЕВА** (за більшістю) 🟡\" as LeafR2 #FEF3C7\n\nRoot -down-> NodeL1 : **Так** (7 шт)\nRoot -down-> LeafR1 : **Ні** (3 шт)\\n[Чистий вузол]\n\nNodeL1 -down-> LeafL2 : **Так** (4 шт)\\n[Чистий вузол]\nNodeL1 -down-> LeafR2 : **Ні** (3 шт)\\n[Критерій глибини]\n@enduml\n",[5374,7581,7582,7586,7590,7594,7598,7602,7606,7611,7615,7620,7624,7629,7633,7638,7642,7647,7651,7656,7661,7665,7670,7675],{"__ignoreMap":5376},[5491,7583,7584],{"class":5493,"line":5494},[5491,7585,5497],{},[5491,7587,7588],{"class":5493,"line":5500},[5491,7589,5503],{},[5491,7591,7592],{"class":5493,"line":5506},[5491,7593,5509],{},[5491,7595,7596],{"class":5493,"line":5512},[5491,7597,5515],{},[5491,7599,7600],{"class":5493,"line":5518},[5491,7601,5521],{},[5491,7603,7604],{"class":5493,"line":5524},[5491,7605,5528],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5527},[5491,7607,7608],{"class":5493,"line":5531},[5491,7609,7610],{},"rectangle \"**Рівень 0 (Корінь)**\\n---\\nЗразків: 10 [Дорогі: 5, Дешеві: 5]\\nЕнтропія H = 1.0000\\n**Питання: Кімнати >= 3?**\" as Root #EFF6FF\n",[5491,7612,7613],{"class":5493,"line":5537},[5491,7614,5528],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5527},[5491,7616,7617],{"class":5493,"line":5543},[5491,7618,7619],{},"rectangle \"**Рівень 1 (Ліва гілка)**\\n---\\nЗразків: 7 [Дорогі: 5, Дешеві: 2]\\nЕнтропія H = 0.8631\\n**Питання: Площа > 75 м²?**\" as NodeL1 #EFF6FF\n",[5491,7621,7622],{"class":5493,"line":5548},[5491,7623,5528],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5527},[5491,7625,7626],{"class":5493,"line":5554},[5491,7627,7628],{},"rectangle \"**Листок (Права гілка)**\\n---\\nЗразків: 3 [Дорогі: 0, Дешеві: 3]\\nЕнтропія H = 0.0000\\n**Клас: ДЕШЕВА** 🟢\" as LeafR1 #DCFCE7\n",[5491,7630,7631],{"class":5493,"line":5560},[5491,7632,5528],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5527},[5491,7634,7635],{"class":5493,"line":5566},[5491,7636,7637],{},"rectangle \"**Листок (Ліво-Ліво)**\\n---\\nЗразків: 4 [Дорогі: 4, Дешеві: 0]\\nЕнтропія H = 0.0000\\n**Клас: ДОРОГА** 🟢\" as LeafL2 #DCFCE7\n",[5491,7639,7640],{"class":5493,"line":5571},[5491,7641,5528],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5527},[5491,7643,7644],{"class":5493,"line":5577},[5491,7645,7646],{},"rectangle \"**Листок (Ліво-Право)**\\n---\\nЗразків: 3 [Дорогі: 1, Дешеві: 2]\\nЕнтропія H = 0.9183\\nЗупинка: max_depth = 2\\n**Клас: ДЕШЕВА** (за більшістю) 🟡\" as LeafR2 #FEF3C7\n",[5491,7648,7649],{"class":5493,"line":5583},[5491,7650,5528],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5527},[5491,7652,7653],{"class":5493,"line":5588},[5491,7654,7655],{},"Root -down-> NodeL1 : **Так** (7 шт)\n",[5491,7657,7658],{"class":5493,"line":5594},[5491,7659,7660],{},"Root -down-> LeafR1 : **Ні** (3 шт)\\n[Чистий вузол]\n",[5491,7662,7663],{"class":5493,"line":5600},[5491,7664,5528],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5527},[5491,7666,7667],{"class":5493,"line":5978},[5491,7668,7669],{},"NodeL1 -down-> LeafL2 : **Так** (4 шт)\\n[Чистий вузол]\n",[5491,7671,7672],{"class":5493,"line":5984},[5491,7673,7674],{},"NodeL1 -down-> LeafR2 : **Ні** (3 шт)\\n[Критерій глибини]\n",[5491,7676,7677],{"class":5493,"line":6020},[5491,7678,5603],{},[5191,7680,7681],{},"Покрокова побудова дерева на Python:",[5715,7683,7685],{"kernel":5717,"title":7684},"recursive_tree_builder.ipynb",[5720,7686,7687,8554],{"execution-count":5722},[5367,7688,7690],{"className":5725,"code":7689,"language":5727,"meta":5376,"style":5376},"class TreeNode:\n    def __init__(self, is_leaf=False, prediction=None, question=None, left=None, right=None, samples=0, entropy=0.0):\n        self.is_leaf = is_leaf\n        self.prediction = prediction\n        self.question = question\n        self.left = left\n        self.right = right\n        self.samples = samples\n        self.entropy = entropy\n\ndef build_tree_demo(node_name, samples, expensive, cheap, depth, max_depth=2):\n    total = expensive + cheap\n    p1 = expensive \u002F total if total > 0 else 0\n    p2 = cheap \u002F total if total > 0 else 0\n\n    h = -sum(p * np.log2(p) for p in [p1, p2] if p > 0)\n    indent = \"    \" * depth\n\n    if h == 0.0:\n        label = \"ДОРОГА\" if expensive > 0 else \"ДЕШЕВА\"\n        print(f\"{indent}🍃 [{node_name}] Чистий листок -> Прогноз: {label} (N={total}, H=0.0)\")\n        return TreeNode(is_leaf=True, prediction=label, samples=total, entropy=h)\n\n    if depth >= max_depth:\n        majority = \"ДОРОГА\" if expensive >= cheap else \"ДЕШЕВА\"\n        print(f\"{indent}🛑 [{node_name}] Ліміт max_depth={max_depth} -> Прогноз: {majority} (N={total}, H={h:.4f})\")\n        return TreeNode(is_leaf=True, prediction=majority, samples=total, entropy=h)\n\n    if depth == 0:\n        question = \"Кімнати >= 3\"\n        print(f\"{indent}🌳 [{node_name}] N={total}, H={h:.4f} -> Обрано спліт: '{question}'\")\n        left_node = build_tree_demo(\"Ліва гілка (Так)\", 7, 5, 2, depth + 1, max_depth)\n        right_node = build_tree_demo(\"Права гілка (Ні)\", 3, 0, 3, depth + 1, max_depth)\n    else:\n        question = \"Площа > 75 м²\"\n        print(f\"{indent}🌿 [{node_name}] N={total}, H={h:.4f} -> Обрано спліт: '{question}'\")\n        left_node = build_tree_demo(\"Підгілка (Так)\", 4, 4, 0, depth + 1, max_depth)\n        right_node = build_tree_demo(\"Підгілка (Ні)\", 3, 1, 2, depth + 1, max_depth)\n\n    return TreeNode(is_leaf=False, question=question, left=left_node, right=right_node, samples=total, entropy=h)\n\nprint(\"=== Симуляція рекурсивного розбиття CART ===\")\nroot = build_tree_demo(\"Корінь\", 10, 5, 5, depth=0, max_depth=2)\n",[5374,7691,7692,7702,7782,7790,7797,7804,7811,7818,7825,7832,7836,7878,7883,7900,7915,7919,7945,7956,7960,7970,7990,8039,8070,8075,8083,8100,8166,8194,8199,8211,8220,8277,8306,8333,8341,8349,8403,8429,8455,8460,8498,8503,8515],{"__ignoreMap":5376},[5491,7693,7694,7697,7700],{"class":5493,"line":5494},[5491,7695,7696],{"class":5754},"class",[5491,7698,7699],{"class":5834}," TreeNode",[5491,7701,5801],{"class":5738},[5491,7703,7704,7707,7710,7712,7715,7717,7720,7723,7726,7728,7731,7733,7736,7738,7741,7743,7745,7747,7749,7751,7753,7755,7758,7760,7762,7764,7767,7769,7771,7773,7776,7778,7780],{"class":5493,"line":5500},[5491,7705,7706],{"class":5754},"    def",[5491,7708,7709],{"class":5758}," __init__",[5491,7711,5762],{"class":5738},[5491,7713,7714],{"class":5765},"self",[5491,7716,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,7718,7719],{"class":5765},"is_leaf",[5491,7721,7722],{"class":5738},"=",[5491,7724,7725],{"class":5754},"False",[5491,7727,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,7729,7730],{"class":5765},"prediction",[5491,7732,7722],{"class":5738},[5491,7734,7735],{"class":5754},"None",[5491,7737,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,7739,7740],{"class":5765},"question",[5491,7742,7722],{"class":5738},[5491,7744,7735],{"class":5754},[5491,7746,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,7748,6082],{"class":5765},[5491,7750,7722],{"class":5738},[5491,7752,7735],{"class":5754},[5491,7754,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,7756,7757],{"class":5765},"right",[5491,7759,7722],{"class":5738},[5491,7761,7735],{"class":5754},[5491,7763,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,7765,7766],{"class":5765},"samples",[5491,7768,7722],{"class":5738},[5491,7770,5798],{"class":5797},[5491,7772,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,7774,7775],{"class":5765},"entropy",[5491,7777,7722],{"class":5738},[5491,7779,6012],{"class":5797},[5491,7781,5769],{"class":5738},[5491,7783,7784,7787],{"class":5493,"line":5506},[5491,7785,7786],{"class":5754},"        self",[5491,7788,7789],{"class":5738},".is_leaf = is_leaf\n",[5491,7791,7792,7794],{"class":5493,"line":5512},[5491,7793,7786],{"class":5754},[5491,7795,7796],{"class":5738},".prediction = prediction\n",[5491,7798,7799,7801],{"class":5493,"line":5518},[5491,7800,7786],{"class":5754},[5491,7802,7803],{"class":5738},".question = question\n",[5491,7805,7806,7808],{"class":5493,"line":5524},[5491,7807,7786],{"class":5754},[5491,7809,7810],{"class":5738},".left = left\n",[5491,7812,7813,7815],{"class":5493,"line":5531},[5491,7814,7786],{"class":5754},[5491,7816,7817],{"class":5738},".right = right\n",[5491,7819,7820,7822],{"class":5493,"line":5537},[5491,7821,7786],{"class":5754},[5491,7823,7824],{"class":5738},".samples = samples\n",[5491,7826,7827,7829],{"class":5493,"line":5543},[5491,7828,7786],{"class":5754},[5491,7830,7831],{"class":5738},".entropy = entropy\n",[5491,7833,7834],{"class":5493,"line":5548},[5491,7835,5528],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5527},[5491,7837,7838,7840,7843,7845,7848,7850,7852,7854,7857,7859,7862,7864,7867,7869,7872,7874,7876],{"class":5493,"line":5554},[5491,7839,5755],{"class":5754},[5491,7841,7842],{"class":5758}," build_tree_demo",[5491,7844,5762],{"class":5738},[5491,7846,7847],{"class":5765},"node_name",[5491,7849,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,7851,7766],{"class":5765},[5491,7853,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,7855,7856],{"class":5765},"expensive",[5491,7858,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,7860,7861],{"class":5765},"cheap",[5491,7863,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,7865,7866],{"class":5765},"depth",[5491,7868,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,7870,7871],{"class":5765},"max_depth",[5491,7873,7722],{"class":5738},[5491,7875,6554],{"class":5797},[5491,7877,5769],{"class":5738},[5491,7879,7880],{"class":5493,"line":5560},[5491,7881,7882],{"class":5738},"    total = expensive + cheap\n",[5491,7884,7885,7888,7890,7893,7895,7897],{"class":5493,"line":5566},[5491,7886,7887],{"class":5738},"    p1 = expensive \u002F total ",[5491,7889,5846],{"class":5734},[5491,7891,7892],{"class":5738}," total > ",[5491,7894,5798],{"class":5797},[5491,7896,5854],{"class":5734},[5491,7898,7899],{"class":5797}," 0\n",[5491,7901,7902,7905,7907,7909,7911,7913],{"class":5493,"line":5571},[5491,7903,7904],{"class":5738},"    p2 = cheap \u002F total ",[5491,7906,5846],{"class":5734},[5491,7908,7892],{"class":5738},[5491,7910,5798],{"class":5797},[5491,7912,5854],{"class":5734},[5491,7914,7899],{"class":5797},[5491,7916,7917],{"class":5493,"line":5577},[5491,7918,5528],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5527},[5491,7920,7921,7924,7926,7928,7930,7932,7934,7937,7939,7941,7943],{"class":5493,"line":5583},[5491,7922,7923],{"class":5738},"    h = -",[5491,7925,5783],{"class":5758},[5491,7927,5843],{"class":5738},[5491,7929,5817],{"class":5734},[5491,7931,5863],{"class":5738},[5491,7933,5823],{"class":5734},[5491,7935,7936],{"class":5738}," [p1, p2] ",[5491,7938,5846],{"class":5734},[5491,7940,5849],{"class":5738},[5491,7942,5798],{"class":5797},[5491,7944,5963],{"class":5738},[5491,7946,7947,7950,7953],{"class":5493,"line":5588},[5491,7948,7949],{"class":5738},"    indent = ",[5491,7951,7952],{"class":5774},"\"    \"",[5491,7954,7955],{"class":5738}," * depth\n",[5491,7957,7958],{"class":5493,"line":5594},[5491,7959,5528],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5527},[5491,7961,7962,7964,7966,7968],{"class":5493,"line":5600},[5491,7963,5791],{"class":5734},[5491,7965,6009],{"class":5738},[5491,7967,6012],{"class":5797},[5491,7969,5801],{"class":5738},[5491,7971,7972,7975,7978,7980,7983,7985,7987],{"class":5493,"line":5978},[5491,7973,7974],{"class":5738},"        label = ",[5491,7976,7977],{"class":5774},"\"ДОРОГА\"",[5491,7979,5993],{"class":5734},[5491,7981,7982],{"class":5738}," expensive > ",[5491,7984,5798],{"class":5797},[5491,7986,5854],{"class":5734},[5491,7988,7989],{"class":5774}," \"ДЕШЕВА\"\n",[5491,7991,7992,7994,7996,7998,8000,8002,8005,8007,8010,8012,8014,8016,8019,8021,8023,8025,8028,8030,8032,8034,8037],{"class":5493,"line":5984},[5491,7993,6410],{"class":5758},[5491,7995,5762],{"class":5738},[5491,7997,6028],{"class":5754},[5491,7999,5960],{"class":5774},[5491,8001,6033],{"class":5754},[5491,8003,8004],{"class":5738},"indent",[5491,8006,6061],{"class":5754},[5491,8008,8009],{"class":5774},"🍃 [",[5491,8011,6033],{"class":5754},[5491,8013,7847],{"class":5738},[5491,8015,6061],{"class":5754},[5491,8017,8018],{"class":5774},"] Чистий листок -> Прогноз: ",[5491,8020,6033],{"class":5754},[5491,8022,6422],{"class":5738},[5491,8024,6061],{"class":5754},[5491,8026,8027],{"class":5774}," (N=",[5491,8029,6033],{"class":5754},[5491,8031,6327],{"class":5738},[5491,8033,6061],{"class":5754},[5491,8035,8036],{"class":5774},", H=0.0)\"",[5491,8038,5963],{"class":5738},[5491,8040,8041,8043,8046,8048,8050,8053,8055,8057,8060,8062,8065,8067],{"class":5493,"line":6020},[5491,8042,5806],{"class":5734},[5491,8044,8045],{"class":5738}," TreeNode(",[5491,8047,7719],{"class":5765},[5491,8049,7722],{"class":5738},[5491,8051,8052],{"class":5754},"True",[5491,8054,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,8056,7730],{"class":5765},[5491,8058,8059],{"class":5738},"=label, ",[5491,8061,7766],{"class":5765},[5491,8063,8064],{"class":5738},"=total, ",[5491,8066,7775],{"class":5765},[5491,8068,8069],{"class":5738},"=h)\n",[5491,8071,8073],{"class":5493,"line":8072},23,[5491,8074,5528],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5527},[5491,8076,8078,8080],{"class":5493,"line":8077},24,[5491,8079,5791],{"class":5734},[5491,8081,8082],{"class":5738}," depth >= max_depth:\n",[5491,8084,8086,8089,8091,8093,8096,8098],{"class":5493,"line":8085},25,[5491,8087,8088],{"class":5738},"        majority = ",[5491,8090,7977],{"class":5774},[5491,8092,5993],{"class":5734},[5491,8094,8095],{"class":5738}," expensive >= cheap ",[5491,8097,7005],{"class":5734},[5491,8099,7989],{"class":5774},[5491,8101,8103,8105,8107,8109,8111,8113,8115,8117,8120,8122,8124,8126,8129,8131,8133,8135,8138,8140,8143,8145,8147,8149,8151,8153,8156,8158,8160,8162,8164],{"class":5493,"line":8102},26,[5491,8104,6410],{"class":5758},[5491,8106,5762],{"class":5738},[5491,8108,6028],{"class":5754},[5491,8110,5960],{"class":5774},[5491,8112,6033],{"class":5754},[5491,8114,8004],{"class":5738},[5491,8116,6061],{"class":5754},[5491,8118,8119],{"class":5774},"🛑 [",[5491,8121,6033],{"class":5754},[5491,8123,7847],{"class":5738},[5491,8125,6061],{"class":5754},[5491,8127,8128],{"class":5774},"] Ліміт max_depth=",[5491,8130,6033],{"class":5754},[5491,8132,7871],{"class":5738},[5491,8134,6061],{"class":5754},[5491,8136,8137],{"class":5774}," -> Прогноз: ",[5491,8139,6033],{"class":5754},[5491,8141,8142],{"class":5738},"majority",[5491,8144,6061],{"class":5754},[5491,8146,8027],{"class":5774},[5491,8148,6033],{"class":5754},[5491,8150,6327],{"class":5738},[5491,8152,6061],{"class":5754},[5491,8154,8155],{"class":5774},", H=",[5491,8157,6033],{"class":5754},[5491,8159,6047],{"class":5738},[5491,8161,6050],{"class":5754},[5491,8163,6064],{"class":5774},[5491,8165,5963],{"class":5738},[5491,8167,8169,8171,8173,8175,8177,8179,8181,8183,8186,8188,8190,8192],{"class":5493,"line":8168},27,[5491,8170,5806],{"class":5734},[5491,8172,8045],{"class":5738},[5491,8174,7719],{"class":5765},[5491,8176,7722],{"class":5738},[5491,8178,8052],{"class":5754},[5491,8180,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,8182,7730],{"class":5765},[5491,8184,8185],{"class":5738},"=majority, ",[5491,8187,7766],{"class":5765},[5491,8189,8064],{"class":5738},[5491,8191,7775],{"class":5765},[5491,8193,8069],{"class":5738},[5491,8195,8197],{"class":5493,"line":8196},28,[5491,8198,5528],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5527},[5491,8200,8202,8204,8207,8209],{"class":5493,"line":8201},29,[5491,8203,5791],{"class":5734},[5491,8205,8206],{"class":5738}," depth == ",[5491,8208,5798],{"class":5797},[5491,8210,5801],{"class":5738},[5491,8212,8214,8217],{"class":5493,"line":8213},30,[5491,8215,8216],{"class":5738},"        question = ",[5491,8218,8219],{"class":5774},"\"Кімнати >= 3\"\n",[5491,8221,8223,8225,8227,8229,8231,8233,8235,8237,8240,8242,8244,8246,8249,8251,8253,8255,8257,8259,8261,8263,8266,8268,8270,8272,8275],{"class":5493,"line":8222},31,[5491,8224,6410],{"class":5758},[5491,8226,5762],{"class":5738},[5491,8228,6028],{"class":5754},[5491,8230,5960],{"class":5774},[5491,8232,6033],{"class":5754},[5491,8234,8004],{"class":5738},[5491,8236,6061],{"class":5754},[5491,8238,8239],{"class":5774},"🌳 [",[5491,8241,6033],{"class":5754},[5491,8243,7847],{"class":5738},[5491,8245,6061],{"class":5754},[5491,8247,8248],{"class":5774},"] N=",[5491,8250,6033],{"class":5754},[5491,8252,6327],{"class":5738},[5491,8254,6061],{"class":5754},[5491,8256,8155],{"class":5774},[5491,8258,6033],{"class":5754},[5491,8260,6047],{"class":5738},[5491,8262,6050],{"class":5754},[5491,8264,8265],{"class":5774}," -> Обрано спліт: '",[5491,8267,6033],{"class":5754},[5491,8269,7740],{"class":5738},[5491,8271,6061],{"class":5754},[5491,8273,8274],{"class":5774},"'\"",[5491,8276,5963],{"class":5738},[5491,8278,8280,8283,8286,8288,8290,8292,8294,8296,8298,8301,8303],{"class":5493,"line":8279},32,[5491,8281,8282],{"class":5738},"        left_node = build_tree_demo(",[5491,8284,8285],{"class":5774},"\"Ліва гілка (Так)\"",[5491,8287,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,8289,6890],{"class":5797},[5491,8291,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,8293,5894],{"class":5797},[5491,8295,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,8297,6554],{"class":5797},[5491,8299,8300],{"class":5738},", depth + ",[5491,8302,5722],{"class":5797},[5491,8304,8305],{"class":5738},", max_depth)\n",[5491,8307,8309,8312,8315,8317,8319,8321,8323,8325,8327,8329,8331],{"class":5493,"line":8308},33,[5491,8310,8311],{"class":5738},"        right_node = build_tree_demo(",[5491,8313,8314],{"class":5774},"\"Права гілка (Ні)\"",[5491,8316,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,8318,6875],{"class":5797},[5491,8320,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,8322,5798],{"class":5797},[5491,8324,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,8326,6875],{"class":5797},[5491,8328,8300],{"class":5738},[5491,8330,5722],{"class":5797},[5491,8332,8305],{"class":5738},[5491,8334,8336,8339],{"class":5493,"line":8335},34,[5491,8337,8338],{"class":5734},"    else",[5491,8340,5801],{"class":5738},[5491,8342,8344,8346],{"class":5493,"line":8343},35,[5491,8345,8216],{"class":5738},[5491,8347,8348],{"class":5774},"\"Площа > 75 м²\"\n",[5491,8350,8352,8354,8356,8358,8360,8362,8364,8366,8369,8371,8373,8375,8377,8379,8381,8383,8385,8387,8389,8391,8393,8395,8397,8399,8401],{"class":5493,"line":8351},36,[5491,8353,6410],{"class":5758},[5491,8355,5762],{"class":5738},[5491,8357,6028],{"class":5754},[5491,8359,5960],{"class":5774},[5491,8361,6033],{"class":5754},[5491,8363,8004],{"class":5738},[5491,8365,6061],{"class":5754},[5491,8367,8368],{"class":5774},"🌿 [",[5491,8370,6033],{"class":5754},[5491,8372,7847],{"class":5738},[5491,8374,6061],{"class":5754},[5491,8376,8248],{"class":5774},[5491,8378,6033],{"class":5754},[5491,8380,6327],{"class":5738},[5491,8382,6061],{"class":5754},[5491,8384,8155],{"class":5774},[5491,8386,6033],{"class":5754},[5491,8388,6047],{"class":5738},[5491,8390,6050],{"class":5754},[5491,8392,8265],{"class":5774},[5491,8394,6033],{"class":5754},[5491,8396,7740],{"class":5738},[5491,8398,6061],{"class":5754},[5491,8400,8274],{"class":5774},[5491,8402,5963],{"class":5738},[5491,8404,8406,8408,8411,8413,8415,8417,8419,8421,8423,8425,8427],{"class":5493,"line":8405},37,[5491,8407,8282],{"class":5738},[5491,8409,8410],{"class":5774},"\"Підгілка (Так)\"",[5491,8412,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,8414,6798],{"class":5797},[5491,8416,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,8418,6798],{"class":5797},[5491,8420,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,8422,5798],{"class":5797},[5491,8424,8300],{"class":5738},[5491,8426,5722],{"class":5797},[5491,8428,8305],{"class":5738},[5491,8430,8432,8434,8437,8439,8441,8443,8445,8447,8449,8451,8453],{"class":5493,"line":8431},38,[5491,8433,8311],{"class":5738},[5491,8435,8436],{"class":5774},"\"Підгілка (Ні)\"",[5491,8438,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,8440,6875],{"class":5797},[5491,8442,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,8444,5722],{"class":5797},[5491,8446,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,8448,6554],{"class":5797},[5491,8450,8300],{"class":5738},[5491,8452,5722],{"class":5797},[5491,8454,8305],{"class":5738},[5491,8456,8458],{"class":5493,"line":8457},39,[5491,8459,5528],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5527},[5491,8461,8463,8465,8467,8469,8471,8473,8475,8477,8480,8482,8485,8487,8490,8492,8494,8496],{"class":5493,"line":8462},40,[5491,8464,5831],{"class":5734},[5491,8466,8045],{"class":5738},[5491,8468,7719],{"class":5765},[5491,8470,7722],{"class":5738},[5491,8472,7725],{"class":5754},[5491,8474,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,8476,7740],{"class":5765},[5491,8478,8479],{"class":5738},"=question, ",[5491,8481,6082],{"class":5765},[5491,8483,8484],{"class":5738},"=left_node, ",[5491,8486,7757],{"class":5765},[5491,8488,8489],{"class":5738},"=right_node, ",[5491,8491,7766],{"class":5765},[5491,8493,8064],{"class":5738},[5491,8495,7775],{"class":5765},[5491,8497,8069],{"class":5738},[5491,8499,8501],{"class":5493,"line":8500},41,[5491,8502,5528],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5527},[5491,8504,8506,8508,8510,8513],{"class":5493,"line":8505},42,[5491,8507,5948],{"class":5758},[5491,8509,5762],{"class":5738},[5491,8511,8512],{"class":5774},"\"=== Симуляція рекурсивного розбиття CART ===\"",[5491,8514,5963],{"class":5738},[5491,8516,8518,8521,8524,8526,8528,8530,8532,8534,8536,8538,8540,8542,8544,8546,8548,8550,8552],{"class":5493,"line":8517},43,[5491,8519,8520],{"class":5738},"root = build_tree_demo(",[5491,8522,8523],{"class":5774},"\"Корінь\"",[5491,8525,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,8527,5927],{"class":5797},[5491,8529,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,8531,5894],{"class":5797},[5491,8533,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,8535,5894],{"class":5797},[5491,8537,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,8539,7866],{"class":5765},[5491,8541,7722],{"class":5738},[5491,8543,5798],{"class":5797},[5491,8545,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,8547,7871],{"class":5765},[5491,8549,7722],{"class":5738},[5491,8551,6554],{"class":5797},[5491,8553,5963],{"class":5738},[6068,8555,8556,8557,8560,8561,8564,8565,8568,8569,8572,8573,8576],{"v-slot:output":5376},"=== Симуляція рекурсивного розбиття CART ===\n🌳 ",[5491,8558,8559],{},"Корінь"," N=10, H=1.0000 -> Обрано спліт: 'Кімнати >= 3'\n🌿 ",[5491,8562,8563],{},"Ліва гілка (Так)"," N=7, H=0.8631 -> Обрано спліт: 'Площа > 75 м²'\n🍃 ",[5491,8566,8567],{},"Підгілка (Так)"," Чистий листок -> Прогноз: ДОРОГА (N=4, H=0.0)\n🛑 ",[5491,8570,8571],{},"Підгілка (Ні)"," Ліміт max_depth=2 -> Прогноз: ДЕШЕВА (N=3, H=0.9183)\n🍃 ",[5491,8574,8575],{},"Права гілка (Ні)"," Чистий листок -> Прогноз: ДЕШЕВА (N=3, H=0.0)",[5300,8578],{},[5186,8580,8582],{"id":8581},"регресія-на-практиці-decisiontreeregressor-у-scikit-learn","Регресія на практиці: DecisionTreeRegressor у scikit-learn",[5191,8584,8585,8586,6605],{},"Перейдемо до навчання моделі регресії на реальних даних вартості житла в Каліфорнії (",[5209,8587,8588],{},"California Housing",[5715,8590,8592],{"kernel":5717,"title":8591},"decision_tree_basic.ipynb",[5720,8593,8594,8952],{"execution-count":5722},[5367,8595,8597],{"className":5725,"code":8596,"language":5727,"meta":5376,"style":5376},"import numpy as np\nimport pandas as pd\nfrom sklearn.datasets import fetch_california_housing\nfrom sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split\nfrom sklearn.tree import DecisionTreeRegressor\nfrom sklearn.metrics import r2_score, mean_absolute_error, mean_squared_error\n\n# Завантаження датасету California Housing\ndata = fetch_california_housing(as_frame=True)\nX = data.data\ny = data.target\n\nX_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(\n    X, y, test_size=0.2, random_state=42\n)\n\n# Навчання базового дерева з фіксованою глибиною max_depth=5\nmodel = DecisionTreeRegressor(max_depth=5, random_state=42)\nmodel.fit(X_train, y_train)\n\ny_train_pred = model.predict(X_train)\ny_test_pred = model.predict(X_test)\n\nr2_train = r2_score(y_train, y_train_pred)\nr2_test = r2_score(y_test, y_test_pred)\nmae_test = mean_absolute_error(y_test, y_test_pred)\nrmse_test = np.sqrt(mean_squared_error(y_test, y_test_pred))\n\nprint(\"📊 Метрики DecisionTreeRegressor (max_depth=5):\")\nprint(f\"  R² train: {r2_train:.4f}\")\nprint(f\"  R² test:  {r2_test:.4f}\")\nprint(f\"  MAE test: {mae_test:.4f} (~${mae_test*100000:,.0f})\")\nprint(f\"  RMSE test: {rmse_test:.4f}\")\nprint(f\"  Різниця Train-Test (Gap): {r2_train - r2_test:.4f}\")\n",[5374,8598,8599,8609,8621,8634,8646,8658,8670,8674,8679,8693,8698,8703,8707,8712,8735,8739,8743,8748,8770,8775,8779,8784,8789,8793,8798,8803,8808,8813,8817,8828,8850,8872,8908,8930],{"__ignoreMap":5376},[5491,8600,8601,8603,8605,8607],{"class":5493,"line":5494},[5491,8602,5735],{"class":5734},[5491,8604,5739],{"class":5738},[5491,8606,5742],{"class":5734},[5491,8608,5745],{"class":5738},[5491,8610,8611,8613,8616,8618],{"class":5493,"line":5500},[5491,8612,5735],{"class":5734},[5491,8614,8615],{"class":5738}," pandas ",[5491,8617,5742],{"class":5734},[5491,8619,8620],{"class":5738}," pd\n",[5491,8622,8623,8626,8629,8631],{"class":5493,"line":5506},[5491,8624,8625],{"class":5734},"from",[5491,8627,8628],{"class":5738}," sklearn.datasets ",[5491,8630,5735],{"class":5734},[5491,8632,8633],{"class":5738}," fetch_california_housing\n",[5491,8635,8636,8638,8641,8643],{"class":5493,"line":5512},[5491,8637,8625],{"class":5734},[5491,8639,8640],{"class":5738}," sklearn.model_selection ",[5491,8642,5735],{"class":5734},[5491,8644,8645],{"class":5738}," train_test_split\n",[5491,8647,8648,8650,8653,8655],{"class":5493,"line":5518},[5491,8649,8625],{"class":5734},[5491,8651,8652],{"class":5738}," sklearn.tree ",[5491,8654,5735],{"class":5734},[5491,8656,8657],{"class":5738}," DecisionTreeRegressor\n",[5491,8659,8660,8662,8665,8667],{"class":5493,"line":5524},[5491,8661,8625],{"class":5734},[5491,8663,8664],{"class":5738}," sklearn.metrics ",[5491,8666,5735],{"class":5734},[5491,8668,8669],{"class":5738}," r2_score, mean_absolute_error, mean_squared_error\n",[5491,8671,8672],{"class":5493,"line":5531},[5491,8673,5528],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5527},[5491,8675,8676],{"class":5493,"line":5537},[5491,8677,8678],{"class":5877},"# Завантаження датасету California Housing\n",[5491,8680,8681,8684,8687,8689,8691],{"class":5493,"line":5543},[5491,8682,8683],{"class":5738},"data = fetch_california_housing(",[5491,8685,8686],{"class":5765},"as_frame",[5491,8688,7722],{"class":5738},[5491,8690,8052],{"class":5754},[5491,8692,5963],{"class":5738},[5491,8694,8695],{"class":5493,"line":5548},[5491,8696,8697],{"class":5738},"X = data.data\n",[5491,8699,8700],{"class":5493,"line":5554},[5491,8701,8702],{"class":5738},"y = data.target\n",[5491,8704,8705],{"class":5493,"line":5560},[5491,8706,5528],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5527},[5491,8708,8709],{"class":5493,"line":5566},[5491,8710,8711],{"class":5738},"X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(\n",[5491,8713,8714,8717,8720,8722,8725,8727,8730,8732],{"class":5493,"line":5571},[5491,8715,8716],{"class":5738},"    X, y, ",[5491,8718,8719],{"class":5765},"test_size",[5491,8721,7722],{"class":5738},[5491,8723,8724],{"class":5797},"0.2",[5491,8726,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,8728,8729],{"class":5765},"random_state",[5491,8731,7722],{"class":5738},[5491,8733,8734],{"class":5797},"42\n",[5491,8736,8737],{"class":5493,"line":5577},[5491,8738,5963],{"class":5738},[5491,8740,8741],{"class":5493,"line":5583},[5491,8742,5528],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5527},[5491,8744,8745],{"class":5493,"line":5588},[5491,8746,8747],{"class":5877},"# Навчання базового дерева з фіксованою глибиною max_depth=5\n",[5491,8749,8750,8753,8755,8757,8759,8761,8763,8765,8768],{"class":5493,"line":5594},[5491,8751,8752],{"class":5738},"model = DecisionTreeRegressor(",[5491,8754,7871],{"class":5765},[5491,8756,7722],{"class":5738},[5491,8758,5894],{"class":5797},[5491,8760,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,8762,8729],{"class":5765},[5491,8764,7722],{"class":5738},[5491,8766,8767],{"class":5797},"42",[5491,8769,5963],{"class":5738},[5491,8771,8772],{"class":5493,"line":5600},[5491,8773,8774],{"class":5738},"model.fit(X_train, y_train)\n",[5491,8776,8777],{"class":5493,"line":5978},[5491,8778,5528],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5527},[5491,8780,8781],{"class":5493,"line":5984},[5491,8782,8783],{"class":5738},"y_train_pred = model.predict(X_train)\n",[5491,8785,8786],{"class":5493,"line":6020},[5491,8787,8788],{"class":5738},"y_test_pred = model.predict(X_test)\n",[5491,8790,8791],{"class":5493,"line":8072},[5491,8792,5528],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5527},[5491,8794,8795],{"class":5493,"line":8077},[5491,8796,8797],{"class":5738},"r2_train = r2_score(y_train, y_train_pred)\n",[5491,8799,8800],{"class":5493,"line":8085},[5491,8801,8802],{"class":5738},"r2_test = r2_score(y_test, y_test_pred)\n",[5491,8804,8805],{"class":5493,"line":8102},[5491,8806,8807],{"class":5738},"mae_test = mean_absolute_error(y_test, y_test_pred)\n",[5491,8809,8810],{"class":5493,"line":8168},[5491,8811,8812],{"class":5738},"rmse_test = np.sqrt(mean_squared_error(y_test, y_test_pred))\n",[5491,8814,8815],{"class":5493,"line":8196},[5491,8816,5528],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5527},[5491,8818,8819,8821,8823,8826],{"class":5493,"line":8201},[5491,8820,5948],{"class":5758},[5491,8822,5762],{"class":5738},[5491,8824,8825],{"class":5774},"\"📊 Метрики DecisionTreeRegressor (max_depth=5):\"",[5491,8827,5963],{"class":5738},[5491,8829,8830,8832,8834,8836,8839,8841,8844,8846,8848],{"class":5493,"line":8213},[5491,8831,5948],{"class":5758},[5491,8833,5762],{"class":5738},[5491,8835,6028],{"class":5754},[5491,8837,8838],{"class":5774},"\"  R² train: ",[5491,8840,6033],{"class":5754},[5491,8842,8843],{"class":5738},"r2_train",[5491,8845,6050],{"class":5754},[5491,8847,5960],{"class":5774},[5491,8849,5963],{"class":5738},[5491,8851,8852,8854,8856,8858,8861,8863,8866,8868,8870],{"class":5493,"line":8222},[5491,8853,5948],{"class":5758},[5491,8855,5762],{"class":5738},[5491,8857,6028],{"class":5754},[5491,8859,8860],{"class":5774},"\"  R² test:  ",[5491,8862,6033],{"class":5754},[5491,8864,8865],{"class":5738},"r2_test",[5491,8867,6050],{"class":5754},[5491,8869,5960],{"class":5774},[5491,8871,5963],{"class":5738},[5491,8873,8874,8876,8878,8880,8883,8885,8888,8890,8893,8895,8898,8901,8904,8906],{"class":5493,"line":8279},[5491,8875,5948],{"class":5758},[5491,8877,5762],{"class":5738},[5491,8879,6028],{"class":5754},[5491,8881,8882],{"class":5774},"\"  MAE test: ",[5491,8884,6033],{"class":5754},[5491,8886,8887],{"class":5738},"mae_test",[5491,8889,6050],{"class":5754},[5491,8891,8892],{"class":5774}," (~$",[5491,8894,6033],{"class":5754},[5491,8896,8897],{"class":5738},"mae_test*",[5491,8899,8900],{"class":5797},"100000",[5491,8902,8903],{"class":5754},":,.0f}",[5491,8905,6064],{"class":5774},[5491,8907,5963],{"class":5738},[5491,8909,8910,8912,8914,8916,8919,8921,8924,8926,8928],{"class":5493,"line":8308},[5491,8911,5948],{"class":5758},[5491,8913,5762],{"class":5738},[5491,8915,6028],{"class":5754},[5491,8917,8918],{"class":5774},"\"  RMSE test: ",[5491,8920,6033],{"class":5754},[5491,8922,8923],{"class":5738},"rmse_test",[5491,8925,6050],{"class":5754},[5491,8927,5960],{"class":5774},[5491,8929,5963],{"class":5738},[5491,8931,8932,8934,8936,8938,8941,8943,8946,8948,8950],{"class":5493,"line":8335},[5491,8933,5948],{"class":5758},[5491,8935,5762],{"class":5738},[5491,8937,6028],{"class":5754},[5491,8939,8940],{"class":5774},"\"  Різниця Train-Test (Gap): ",[5491,8942,6033],{"class":5754},[5491,8944,8945],{"class":5738},"r2_train - r2_test",[5491,8947,6050],{"class":5754},[5491,8949,5960],{"class":5774},[5491,8951,5963],{"class":5738},[6068,8953,8954],{"v-slot:output":5376},[6071,8955,8956,8975],{},[6074,8957,8958],{},[6077,8959,8960,8963,8966,8969,8972],{},[6080,8961,8962],{"align":6082},"Метрика якості моделі",[6080,8964,8965],{"align":6089},"Навчальна (Train)",[6080,8967,8968],{"align":6089},"Тестова (Test)",[6080,8970,8971],{"align":6089},"Різниця (Gap)",[6080,8973,8974],{"align":6082},"Інтерпретація",[6097,8976,8977,9007,9037],{},[6077,8978,8979,8987,8992,8999,9004],{},[6102,8980,8981],{"align":6082},[5198,8982,8983,8984,6116],{},"Коефіцієнт детермінації (",[5320,8985],{"tex":8986,":inline":5323},"R^2",[6102,8988,8989],{"align":6089},[5374,8990,8991],{},"0.6377",[6102,8993,8994],{"align":6089},[5198,8995,8996],{},[5374,8997,8998],{},"0.5997",[6102,9000,9001],{"align":6089},[5374,9002,9003],{},"+0.0379",[6102,9005,9006],{"align":6082},"Модель пояснює ~60% коливань цін житла",[6077,9008,9009,9014,9019,9026,9031],{},[6102,9010,9011],{"align":6082},[5198,9012,9013],{},"Середня абсолютна помилка (MAE)",[6102,9015,9016],{"align":6089},[5374,9017,9018],{},"0.5063",[6102,9020,9021],{"align":6089},[5198,9022,9023],{},[5374,9024,9025],{},"0.5223",[6102,9027,9028],{"align":6089},[5374,9029,9030],{},"+0.0160",[6102,9032,9033,9034],{"align":6082},"Середня похибка становить ~",[5374,9035,9036],{},"$52,230",[6077,9038,9039,9044,9049,9056,9061],{},[6102,9040,9041],{"align":6082},[5198,9042,9043],{},"Корінь із середньоквадратичної (RMSE)",[6102,9045,9046],{"align":6089},[5374,9047,9048],{},"0.6959",[6102,9050,9051],{"align":6089},[5198,9052,9053],{},[5374,9054,9055],{},"0.7242",[6102,9057,9058],{"align":6089},[5374,9059,9060],{},"+0.0283",[6102,9062,9063],{"align":6082},"Помірний розкид помилок на тесті",[5300,9065],{},[5186,9067,9069],{"id":9068},"візуалізація-та-розбір-вузлів-дерева","Візуалізація та розбір вузлів дерева",[5191,9071,9072,9073,5232],{},"Головна перевага дерева — можливість наочно побачити кожне його правило за допомогою функції ",[5374,9074,9075],{},"plot_tree",[5715,9077,9079],{"kernel":5717,"title":9078},"tree_visualization.ipynb",[5720,9080,9082,9327],{"execution-count":5722,"execution-time":9081},"0.3s",[5367,9083,9085],{"className":5725,"code":9084,"language":5727,"meta":5376,"style":5376},"from sklearn.tree import plot_tree\nimport matplotlib.pyplot as plt\n\nfeature_names_ua = [\n    'Медіанний дохід', 'Вік будинку', 'Кількість кімнат', 'Кількість спалень',\n    'Населення', 'Середня заселеність', 'Широта', 'Довгота'\n]\n\nmodel_small = DecisionTreeRegressor(max_depth=3, random_state=42)\nmodel_small.fit(X_train, y_train)\n\nplt.figure(figsize=(22, 11))\nplot_tree(\n    model_small,\n    feature_names=feature_names_ua,\n    filled=True,\n    rounded=True,\n    fontsize=10,\n    precision=2\n)\nplt.title('Дерево рішень для регресії (California Housing, max_depth=3)', fontsize=18, fontweight='bold')\nplt.tight_layout()\nplt.show()\n",[5374,9086,9087,9098,9110,9114,9119,9142,9162,9166,9170,9191,9196,9200,9222,9227,9232,9240,9251,9262,9273,9283,9287,9317,9322],{"__ignoreMap":5376},[5491,9088,9089,9091,9093,9095],{"class":5493,"line":5494},[5491,9090,8625],{"class":5734},[5491,9092,8652],{"class":5738},[5491,9094,5735],{"class":5734},[5491,9096,9097],{"class":5738}," plot_tree\n",[5491,9099,9100,9102,9105,9107],{"class":5493,"line":5500},[5491,9101,5735],{"class":5734},[5491,9103,9104],{"class":5738}," matplotlib.pyplot ",[5491,9106,5742],{"class":5734},[5491,9108,9109],{"class":5738}," plt\n",[5491,9111,9112],{"class":5493,"line":5506},[5491,9113,5528],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5527},[5491,9115,9116],{"class":5493,"line":5512},[5491,9117,9118],{"class":5738},"feature_names_ua = [\n",[5491,9120,9121,9124,9126,9129,9131,9134,9136,9139],{"class":5493,"line":5518},[5491,9122,9123],{"class":5774},"    'Медіанний дохід'",[5491,9125,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,9127,9128],{"class":5774},"'Вік будинку'",[5491,9130,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,9132,9133],{"class":5774},"'Кількість кімнат'",[5491,9135,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,9137,9138],{"class":5774},"'Кількість спалень'",[5491,9140,9141],{"class":5738},",\n",[5491,9143,9144,9147,9149,9152,9154,9157,9159],{"class":5493,"line":5524},[5491,9145,9146],{"class":5774},"    'Населення'",[5491,9148,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,9150,9151],{"class":5774},"'Середня заселеність'",[5491,9153,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,9155,9156],{"class":5774},"'Широта'",[5491,9158,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,9160,9161],{"class":5774},"'Довгота'\n",[5491,9163,9164],{"class":5493,"line":5531},[5491,9165,5934],{"class":5738},[5491,9167,9168],{"class":5493,"line":5537},[5491,9169,5528],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5527},[5491,9171,9172,9175,9177,9179,9181,9183,9185,9187,9189],{"class":5493,"line":5543},[5491,9173,9174],{"class":5738},"model_small = DecisionTreeRegressor(",[5491,9176,7871],{"class":5765},[5491,9178,7722],{"class":5738},[5491,9180,6875],{"class":5797},[5491,9182,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,9184,8729],{"class":5765},[5491,9186,7722],{"class":5738},[5491,9188,8767],{"class":5797},[5491,9190,5963],{"class":5738},[5491,9192,9193],{"class":5493,"line":5548},[5491,9194,9195],{"class":5738},"model_small.fit(X_train, y_train)\n",[5491,9197,9198],{"class":5493,"line":5554},[5491,9199,5528],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5527},[5491,9201,9202,9205,9208,9211,9214,9216,9219],{"class":5493,"line":5560},[5491,9203,9204],{"class":5738},"plt.figure(",[5491,9206,9207],{"class":5765},"figsize",[5491,9209,9210],{"class":5738},"=(",[5491,9212,9213],{"class":5797},"22",[5491,9215,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,9217,9218],{"class":5797},"11",[5491,9220,9221],{"class":5738},"))\n",[5491,9223,9224],{"class":5493,"line":5566},[5491,9225,9226],{"class":5738},"plot_tree(\n",[5491,9228,9229],{"class":5493,"line":5571},[5491,9230,9231],{"class":5738},"    model_small,\n",[5491,9233,9234,9237],{"class":5493,"line":5577},[5491,9235,9236],{"class":5765},"    feature_names",[5491,9238,9239],{"class":5738},"=feature_names_ua,\n",[5491,9241,9242,9245,9247,9249],{"class":5493,"line":5583},[5491,9243,9244],{"class":5765},"    filled",[5491,9246,7722],{"class":5738},[5491,9248,8052],{"class":5754},[5491,9250,9141],{"class":5738},[5491,9252,9253,9256,9258,9260],{"class":5493,"line":5588},[5491,9254,9255],{"class":5765},"    rounded",[5491,9257,7722],{"class":5738},[5491,9259,8052],{"class":5754},[5491,9261,9141],{"class":5738},[5491,9263,9264,9267,9269,9271],{"class":5493,"line":5594},[5491,9265,9266],{"class":5765},"    fontsize",[5491,9268,7722],{"class":5738},[5491,9270,5927],{"class":5797},[5491,9272,9141],{"class":5738},[5491,9274,9275,9278,9280],{"class":5493,"line":5600},[5491,9276,9277],{"class":5765},"    precision",[5491,9279,7722],{"class":5738},[5491,9281,9282],{"class":5797},"2\n",[5491,9284,9285],{"class":5493,"line":5978},[5491,9286,5963],{"class":5738},[5491,9288,9289,9292,9295,9297,9300,9302,9305,9307,9310,9312,9315],{"class":5493,"line":5984},[5491,9290,9291],{"class":5738},"plt.title(",[5491,9293,9294],{"class":5774},"'Дерево рішень для регресії (California Housing, max_depth=3)'",[5491,9296,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,9298,9299],{"class":5765},"fontsize",[5491,9301,7722],{"class":5738},[5491,9303,9304],{"class":5797},"18",[5491,9306,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,9308,9309],{"class":5765},"fontweight",[5491,9311,7722],{"class":5738},[5491,9313,9314],{"class":5774},"'bold'",[5491,9316,5963],{"class":5738},[5491,9318,9319],{"class":5493,"line":6020},[5491,9320,9321],{"class":5738},"plt.tight_layout()\n",[5491,9323,9324],{"class":5493,"line":8072},[5491,9325,9326],{"class":5738},"plt.show()\n",[6068,9328,9329,9336],{"v-slot:output":5376},[5191,9330,9331],{},[6710,9332],{"alt":9333,"className":9334,"src":9335},"Візуалізація дерева рішень DecisionTreeRegressor (max_depth=3) на датасеті California Housing",[6694],"\u002Fimages\u002Fai-python\u002Fdecision-trees-random-forest\u002Fdecision-trees\u002F01.png",[6071,9337,9338,9351],{},[6074,9339,9340],{},[6077,9341,9342,9345,9348],{},[6080,9343,9344],{"align":6082},"Елемент вузла дерева",[6080,9346,9347],{"align":6082},"Значення у блоці",[6080,9349,9350],{"align":6082},"Практичний зміст",[6097,9352,9353,9367,9382,9397],{},[6077,9354,9355,9359,9364],{},[6102,9356,9357],{"align":6082},[5198,9358,7026],{},[6102,9360,9361],{"align":6082},[5374,9362,9363],{},"Медіанний дохід \u003C= 5.09",[6102,9365,9366],{"align":6082},"Перше вирішальне питання для розділення кварталів",[6077,9368,9369,9374,9379],{},[6102,9370,9371],{"align":6082},[5198,9372,9373],{},"Критерій неоднорідності",[6102,9375,9376],{"align":6082},[5374,9377,9378],{},"squared_error = 1.34",[6102,9380,9381],{"align":6082},"Середньоквадратична помилка \u002F дисперсія ціни у вузлі",[6077,9383,9384,9389,9394],{},[6102,9385,9386],{"align":6082},[5198,9387,9388],{},"Кількість спостережень",[6102,9390,9391],{"align":6082},[5374,9392,9393],{},"samples = 16512",[6102,9395,9396],{"align":6082},"Кількість зразків тренувальної вибірки у цьому вузлі",[6077,9398,9399,9404,9409],{},[6102,9400,9401],{"align":6082},[5198,9402,9403],{},"Передбачення (value)",[6102,9405,9406],{"align":6082},[5374,9407,9408],{},"value = 2.07",[6102,9410,9411,9412,9415],{"align":6082},"Середня вартість житла (~",[5374,9413,9414],{},"$207,000","), що є прогнозом",[5191,9417,9418],{},[5198,9419,9420],{},"Як читати кожен прямокутник на діаграмі:",[5280,9422,9423,9431,9439,9447],{},[5206,9424,9425,9430],{},[5198,9426,9427,9428,6605],{},"Перший рядок (",[5374,9429,9363],{}," Умова розбиття. Якщо для кварталу умова істинна — переходимо в ліву гілку, якщо ні — в праву.",[5206,9432,9433,9438],{},[5198,9434,9435,9436,6605],{},"Другий рядок (",[5374,9437,9378],{}," Поточний розкид (дисперсія помилки) серед цін квартир у цьому вузлі.",[5206,9440,9441,9446],{},[5198,9442,9443,9444,6605],{},"Третій рядок (",[5374,9445,9393],{}," Скільки прикладів потрапило до цього вузла.",[5206,9448,9449,9454],{},[5198,9450,9451,9452,6605],{},"Четвертий рядок (",[5374,9453,9408],{}," Прогноз! Це середня ціна (у сотнях тисяч доларів, тобто $207,000) для об'єктів вузла.",[5300,9456],{},[5186,9458,9460],{"id":9459},"чому-дерево-перенавчається-та-як-це-обмежити","Чому дерево перенавчається та як це обмежити",[5191,9462,9463,9464,9467,9468,9471],{},"Чому ми штучно обмежили глибину дерева параметром ",[5374,9465,9466],{},"max_depth=5","? Що станеться, якщо дозволити дереву рости без жодних обмежень (",[5374,9469,9470],{},"max_depth=None",")?",[5715,9473,9475],{"kernel":5717,"title":9474},"overfitting_demo.ipynb",[5720,9476,9478,9641],{"execution-count":5722,"execution-time":9477},"0.18s",[5367,9479,9481],{"className":5725,"code":9480,"language":5727,"meta":5376,"style":5376},"depths = [1, 3, 5, 10, None]\nresults = []\n\nfor depth in depths:\n    m = DecisionTreeRegressor(max_depth=depth, random_state=42)\n    m.fit(X_train, y_train)\n\n    r2_tr = m.score(X_train, y_train)\n    r2_te = m.score(X_test, y_test)\n\n    results.append({\n        'max_depth': str(depth),\n        'R² train': r2_tr,\n        'R² test': r2_te,\n        'Gap': r2_tr - r2_te\n    })\n\ndf_res = pd.DataFrame(results)\nprint(df_res.to_string(index=False))\n",[5374,9482,9483,9508,9513,9517,9529,9547,9552,9556,9561,9566,9570,9575,9587,9595,9603,9611,9616,9620,9625],{"__ignoreMap":5376},[5491,9484,9485,9488,9490,9492,9494,9496,9498,9500,9502,9504,9506],{"class":5493,"line":5494},[5491,9486,9487],{"class":5738},"depths = [",[5491,9489,5722],{"class":5797},[5491,9491,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,9493,6875],{"class":5797},[5491,9495,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,9497,5894],{"class":5797},[5491,9499,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,9501,5927],{"class":5797},[5491,9503,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,9505,7735],{"class":5754},[5491,9507,5934],{"class":5738},[5491,9509,9510],{"class":5493,"line":5500},[5491,9511,9512],{"class":5738},"results = []\n",[5491,9514,9515],{"class":5493,"line":5506},[5491,9516,5528],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5527},[5491,9518,9519,9521,9524,9526],{"class":5493,"line":5512},[5491,9520,5817],{"class":5734},[5491,9522,9523],{"class":5738}," depth ",[5491,9525,5823],{"class":5734},[5491,9527,9528],{"class":5738}," depths:\n",[5491,9530,9531,9534,9536,9539,9541,9543,9545],{"class":5493,"line":5518},[5491,9532,9533],{"class":5738},"    m = DecisionTreeRegressor(",[5491,9535,7871],{"class":5765},[5491,9537,9538],{"class":5738},"=depth, ",[5491,9540,8729],{"class":5765},[5491,9542,7722],{"class":5738},[5491,9544,8767],{"class":5797},[5491,9546,5963],{"class":5738},[5491,9548,9549],{"class":5493,"line":5524},[5491,9550,9551],{"class":5738},"    m.fit(X_train, y_train)\n",[5491,9553,9554],{"class":5493,"line":5531},[5491,9555,5528],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5527},[5491,9557,9558],{"class":5493,"line":5537},[5491,9559,9560],{"class":5738},"    r2_tr = m.score(X_train, y_train)\n",[5491,9562,9563],{"class":5493,"line":5543},[5491,9564,9565],{"class":5738},"    r2_te = m.score(X_test, y_test)\n",[5491,9567,9568],{"class":5493,"line":5548},[5491,9569,5528],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5527},[5491,9571,9572],{"class":5493,"line":5554},[5491,9573,9574],{"class":5738},"    results.append({\n",[5491,9576,9577,9580,9582,9584],{"class":5493,"line":5560},[5491,9578,9579],{"class":5774},"        'max_depth'",[5491,9581,6541],{"class":5738},[5491,9583,6289],{"class":5834},[5491,9585,9586],{"class":5738},"(depth),\n",[5491,9588,9589,9592],{"class":5493,"line":5566},[5491,9590,9591],{"class":5774},"        'R² train'",[5491,9593,9594],{"class":5738},": r2_tr,\n",[5491,9596,9597,9600],{"class":5493,"line":5571},[5491,9598,9599],{"class":5774},"        'R² test'",[5491,9601,9602],{"class":5738},": r2_te,\n",[5491,9604,9605,9608],{"class":5493,"line":5577},[5491,9606,9607],{"class":5774},"        'Gap'",[5491,9609,9610],{"class":5738},": r2_tr - r2_te\n",[5491,9612,9613],{"class":5493,"line":5583},[5491,9614,9615],{"class":5738},"    })\n",[5491,9617,9618],{"class":5493,"line":5588},[5491,9619,5528],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5527},[5491,9621,9622],{"class":5493,"line":5594},[5491,9623,9624],{"class":5738},"df_res = pd.DataFrame(results)\n",[5491,9626,9627,9629,9632,9635,9637,9639],{"class":5493,"line":5600},[5491,9628,5948],{"class":5758},[5491,9630,9631],{"class":5738},"(df_res.to_string(",[5491,9633,9634],{"class":5765},"index",[5491,9636,7722],{"class":5738},[5491,9638,7725],{"class":5754},[5491,9640,9221],{"class":5738},[6068,9642,9643],{"v-slot:output":5376},[6071,9644,9645,9673],{},[6074,9646,9647],{},[6077,9648,9649,9654,9659,9664,9670],{},[6080,9650,9651,9652,6116],{"align":6089},"Глибина (",[5374,9653,7871],{},[6080,9655,9656],{"align":6089},[5320,9657],{"tex":9658,":inline":5323},"R^2*{\\text{train}}",[6080,9660,9661],{"align":6089},[5320,9662],{"tex":9663,":inline":5323},"R^2*{\\text{test}}",[6080,9665,9666,9667,6116],{"align":6089},"Розрив (",[5320,9668],{"tex":9669,":inline":5323},"\\Delta",[6080,9671,9672],{"align":6082},"Діагностика стану моделі",[6097,9674,9675,9699,9723,9745,9771],{},[6077,9676,9677,9681,9686,9691,9696],{},[6102,9678,9679],{"align":6089},[5374,9680,5722],{},[6102,9682,9683],{"align":6089},[5374,9684,9685],{},"0.3170",[6102,9687,9688],{"align":6089},[5374,9689,9690],{},"0.2795",[6102,9692,9693],{"align":6089},[5374,9694,9695],{},"0.0375",[6102,9697,9698],{"align":6082},"⚠️ Недонавчання (Underfitting) — надто просте дерево з одного питання (decision stump)",[6077,9700,9701,9705,9710,9715,9720],{},[6102,9702,9703],{"align":6089},[5374,9704,6875],{},[6102,9706,9707],{"align":6089},[5374,9708,9709],{},"0.5379",[6102,9711,9712],{"align":6089},[5374,9713,9714],{},"0.5098",[6102,9716,9717],{"align":6089},[5374,9718,9719],{},"0.0281",[6102,9721,9722],{"align":6082},"🟢 Проста і зрозуміла модель, але ще занадто груба",[6077,9724,9725,9729,9733,9737,9742],{},[6102,9726,9727],{"align":6089},[5374,9728,5894],{},[6102,9730,9731],{"align":6089},[5374,9732,8991],{},[6102,9734,9735],{"align":6089},[5374,9736,8998],{},[6102,9738,9739],{"align":6089},[5374,9740,9741],{},"0.0379",[6102,9743,9744],{"align":6082},"🟢 Гарний базовий баланс швидкості та якості",[6077,9746,9747,9751,9756,9763,9768],{},[6102,9748,9749],{"align":6089},[5374,9750,5927],{},[6102,9752,9753],{"align":6089},[5374,9754,9755],{},"0.8348",[6102,9757,9758],{"align":6089},[5198,9759,9760],{},[5374,9761,9762],{},"0.6822",[6102,9764,9765],{"align":6089},[5374,9766,9767],{},"0.1526",[6102,9769,9770],{"align":6082},"🟡 Початок перенавчання — Train різко відривається від Test",[6077,9772,9773,9778,9784,9789,9796],{},[6102,9774,9775,9777],{"align":6089},[5374,9776,7735],{}," (без обмежень)",[6102,9779,9780],{"align":6089},[5198,9781,9782],{},[5374,9783,6123],{},[6102,9785,9786],{"align":6089},[5374,9787,9788],{},"0.6161",[6102,9790,9791],{"align":6089},[5198,9792,9793],{},[5374,9794,9795],{},"0.3839",[6102,9797,9798,9799,9802],{"align":6082},"🔴 ",[5198,9800,9801],{},"Катастрофічне перенавчання (Overfitting)"," — модель завчила шум",[5191,9804,9805,9806,9808,9809,9812,9813,9816],{},"При ",[5374,9807,9470],{}," дерево продовжує ділитися доти, доки в кожному листку не залишиться буквально по 1 будинку. Воно ідеально зазубрило тренувальні дані (",[5320,9810],{"tex":9811,":inline":5323},"R^2\\_{\\text{train}} = 1.0000","), але різниця в точності між навчанням і тестом склала аж ",[5198,9814,9815],{},"38.4%"," (модель перенавчилася)!",[6690,9818,6699,9821,6699,9824,6699,9827],{"controls":5527,"autoPlay":5527,"loop":5527,"muted":5527,"playsInline":5527,"poster":9819,"className":9820},"\u002Fvideos\u002Fai-python\u002Fdecision-trees-random-forest\u002Fdecision-trees\u002Fdecision_tree_overfitting_depth_dynamics_poster.png",[6694,6695,6696,6697,6698],[6701,9822],{"src":9823,"type":6704},"\u002Fvideos\u002Fai-python\u002Fdecision-trees-random-forest\u002Fdecision-trees\u002Fdecision_tree_overfitting_depth_dynamics.mp4",[6701,9825],{"src":9826,"type":6708},"\u002Fvideos\u002Fai-python\u002Fdecision-trees-random-forest\u002Fdecision-trees\u002Fdecision_tree_overfitting_depth_dynamics.webm",[6710,9828],{"src":9829,"alt":9830,"className":9831},"\u002Fvideos\u002Fai-python\u002Fdecision-trees-random-forest\u002Fdecision-trees\u002Fdecision_tree_overfitting_depth_dynamics.gif","Анімація впливу глибини дерева на межу класифікації: від недонавчання до критичного перенавчання",[6694],[5191,9833,9834],{},"Як зміна глибини трансформує простір рішень (зліва) та криву помилок (справа):",[5203,9836,9837,9843,9853],{},[5206,9838,9839,9842],{},[5198,9840,9841],{},"Глибина 1–2 (Недонавчання \u002F High Bias):"," Занадто проста межа (одна-дві прямі лінії). Помилка висока як на навчанні, так і на тесті.",[5206,9844,9845,9848,9849,9852],{},[5198,9846,9847],{},"Глибина 3 (Оптимальна точка \u002F Sweet Spot):"," Акуратні прямокутні блоки охоплюють реальну форму розподілу. Помилка на тестових даних (",[5320,9850],{"tex":9851,":inline":5323},"\\text{Test Error}",") мінімальна.",[5206,9854,9855,9858],{},[5198,9856,9857],{},"Глибина 8–14 (Критичне перенавчання \u002F High Variance):"," Межа рішень розпадається на хаотичну мозаїку. Дерево створило індивідуальні прямокутні «кишені» навколо кожного окремого шумового викиду. Помилка тренування падає до 0%, а тестова помилка різко летить угору.",[5475,9860,9862],{"id":9861},"параметри-для-обмеження-росту-дерева-рання-зупинка","Параметри для обмеження росту дерева (рання зупинка):",[5203,9864,9865,9873,9881],{},[5206,9866,9867,9872],{},[5198,9868,9869,9871],{},[5374,9870,7871],{}," (Глибина дерева):"," Обмежує довжину найдовшої гілки від кореня до листка.",[5206,9874,9875,9880],{},[5198,9876,9877,5232],{},[5374,9878,9879],{},"min_samples_split"," Скільки щонайменше прикладів має бути у вузлі, щоб йому дозволили ділитися далі.",[5206,9882,9883,9888],{},[5198,9884,9885,5232],{},[5374,9886,9887],{},"min_samples_leaf"," Скільки щонайменше прикладів зобов'язано залишитися в кожному новому листку.",[5475,9890,9892],{"id":9891},"пошук-оптимальної-глибини-крива-валідації","Пошук оптимальної глибини: крива валідації",[5191,9894,9895],{},"Побудуємо криву зміни якості для глибин від 1 до 20:",[5715,9897,9899],{"kernel":5717,"title":9898},"hyperparameters_tuning.ipynb",[5720,9900,9902,10035],{"execution-count":5722,"execution-time":9901},"0.35s",[5367,9903,9905],{"className":5725,"code":9904,"language":5727,"meta":5376,"style":5376},"depths_range = list(range(1, 21))\ntrain_scores = []\ntest_scores = []\n\nfor depth in depths_range:\n    m = DecisionTreeRegressor(max_depth=depth, random_state=42)\n    m.fit(X_train, y_train)\n    train_scores.append(m.score(X_train, y_train))\n    test_scores.append(m.score(X_test, y_test))\n\nopt_depth = depths_range[int(np.argmax(test_scores))]\nprint(f\"Оптимальна глибина: {opt_depth} | Максимальний R² test: {max(test_scores):.4f}\")\n",[5374,9906,9907,9931,9936,9941,9945,9956,9972,9976,9981,9986,9990,10000],{"__ignoreMap":5376},[5491,9908,9909,9912,9915,9917,9920,9922,9924,9926,9929],{"class":5493,"line":5494},[5491,9910,9911],{"class":5738},"depths_range = ",[5491,9913,9914],{"class":5834},"list",[5491,9916,5762],{"class":5738},[5491,9918,9919],{"class":5758},"range",[5491,9921,5762],{"class":5738},[5491,9923,5722],{"class":5797},[5491,9925,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,9927,9928],{"class":5797},"21",[5491,9930,9221],{"class":5738},[5491,9932,9933],{"class":5493,"line":5500},[5491,9934,9935],{"class":5738},"train_scores = []\n",[5491,9937,9938],{"class":5493,"line":5506},[5491,9939,9940],{"class":5738},"test_scores = []\n",[5491,9942,9943],{"class":5493,"line":5512},[5491,9944,5528],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5527},[5491,9946,9947,9949,9951,9953],{"class":5493,"line":5518},[5491,9948,5817],{"class":5734},[5491,9950,9523],{"class":5738},[5491,9952,5823],{"class":5734},[5491,9954,9955],{"class":5738}," depths_range:\n",[5491,9957,9958,9960,9962,9964,9966,9968,9970],{"class":5493,"line":5524},[5491,9959,9533],{"class":5738},[5491,9961,7871],{"class":5765},[5491,9963,9538],{"class":5738},[5491,9965,8729],{"class":5765},[5491,9967,7722],{"class":5738},[5491,9969,8767],{"class":5797},[5491,9971,5963],{"class":5738},[5491,9973,9974],{"class":5493,"line":5531},[5491,9975,9551],{"class":5738},[5491,9977,9978],{"class":5493,"line":5537},[5491,9979,9980],{"class":5738},"    train_scores.append(m.score(X_train, y_train))\n",[5491,9982,9983],{"class":5493,"line":5543},[5491,9984,9985],{"class":5738},"    test_scores.append(m.score(X_test, y_test))\n",[5491,9987,9988],{"class":5493,"line":5548},[5491,9989,5528],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5527},[5491,9991,9992,9995,9997],{"class":5493,"line":5554},[5491,9993,9994],{"class":5738},"opt_depth = depths_range[",[5491,9996,6294],{"class":5834},[5491,9998,9999],{"class":5738},"(np.argmax(test_scores))]\n",[5491,10001,10002,10004,10006,10008,10011,10013,10016,10018,10021,10023,10026,10029,10031,10033],{"class":5493,"line":5560},[5491,10003,5948],{"class":5758},[5491,10005,5762],{"class":5738},[5491,10007,6028],{"class":5754},[5491,10009,10010],{"class":5774},"\"Оптимальна глибина: ",[5491,10012,6033],{"class":5754},[5491,10014,10015],{"class":5738},"opt_depth",[5491,10017,6061],{"class":5754},[5491,10019,10020],{"class":5774}," | Максимальний R² test: ",[5491,10022,6033],{"class":5754},[5491,10024,10025],{"class":5758},"max",[5491,10027,10028],{"class":5738},"(test_scores)",[5491,10030,6050],{"class":5754},[5491,10032,5960],{"class":5774},[5491,10034,5963],{"class":5738},[6068,10036,10037,10044],{"v-slot:output":5376},[5191,10038,10039],{},[6710,10040],{"alt":10041,"className":10042,"src":10043},"Крива валідації глибини дерева рішень: динаміка train і test R2 з зоною перенавчання",[6694],"\u002Fimages\u002Fai-python\u002Fdecision-trees-random-forest\u002Fdecision-trees\u002F02.png",[6071,10045,10046,10059],{},[6074,10047,10048],{},[6077,10049,10050,10053,10056],{},[6080,10051,10052],{"align":6082},"Параметр кривої валідації",[6080,10054,10055],{"align":6089},"Оптимальне значення",[6080,10057,10058],{"align":6082},"Коментар",[6097,10060,10061,10079,10102],{},[6077,10062,10063,10070,10076],{},[6102,10064,10065],{"align":6082},[5198,10066,10067,10068,6116],{},"Оптимальна глибина (",[5374,10069,7871],{},[6102,10071,10072],{"align":6089},[5198,10073,10074],{},[5374,10075,5911],{},[6102,10077,10078],{"align":6082},"Точка глобального максимуму точності на тестовій вибірці",[6077,10080,10081,10089,10096],{},[6102,10082,10083],{"align":6082},[5198,10084,10085,10086,6116],{},"Максимальний тестовий бал (",[5320,10087],{"tex":10088,":inline":5323},"R^2\\_{\\text{test}}",[6102,10090,10091],{"align":6089},[5198,10092,10093],{},[5374,10094,10095],{},"0.6833",[6102,10097,10098,10099,6116],{"align":6082},"Найкращий баланс між недонавчанням і перенавчанням (",[5209,10100,10101],{},"Bias-Variance tradeoff",[6077,10103,10104,10109,10114],{},[6102,10105,10106],{"align":6082},[5198,10107,10108],{},"Початок зони перенавчання",[6102,10110,10111],{"align":6089},[5374,10112,10113],{},"max_depth >= 10",[6102,10115,10116],{"align":6082},"Test спадає з 0.68 до 0.61, тоді як Train прямує до 1.0",[5191,10118,9805,10119,10122,10123,10126],{},[5374,10120,10121],{},"max_depth=9"," одиночне дерево рішень досягає рекордної точності ",[5320,10124],{"tex":10125,":inline":5323},"R^2\\_{\\text{test}} = 0.6833",", перевершуючи поліноміальну регресію Ridge!",[5300,10128],{},[5186,10130,10132],{"id":10131},"зведена-таблиця-моделей-регресії-модуля","Зведена таблиця моделей регресії модуля",[5191,10134,10135],{},"Порівняємо всі регресійні моделі, які ми навчили на California Housing:",[6071,10137,10138,10162],{},[6074,10139,10140],{},[6077,10141,10142,10145,10151,10156,10159],{},[6080,10143,10144],{"align":6082},"Алгоритм \u002F Модель",[6080,10146,10147,10148,6116],{"align":6089},"Навчальна якість (",[5320,10149],{"tex":10150,":inline":5323},"R^2\\_{\\text{train}}",[6080,10152,10153,10154,6116],{"align":6089},"Тестова якість (",[5320,10155],{"tex":10088,":inline":5323},[6080,10157,10158],{"align":6089},"Тестова похибка (MAE)",[6080,10160,10161],{"align":6089},"Зрозумілість моделі",[6097,10163,10164,10189,10214,10241,10268],{},[6077,10165,10166,10171,10176,10181,10186],{},[6102,10167,10168],{"align":6082},[5198,10169,10170],{},"LinearRegression (Базова пряма лінія)",[6102,10172,10173],{"align":6089},[5374,10174,10175],{},"0.61",[6102,10177,10178],{"align":6089},[5374,10179,10180],{},"0.58",[6102,10182,10183],{"align":6089},[5374,10184,10185],{},"0.53",[6102,10187,10188],{"align":6089},"✅ Висока (ваги коефіцієнтів)",[6077,10190,10191,10196,10201,10206,10211],{},[6102,10192,10193],{"align":6082},[5198,10194,10195],{},"Ridge \u002F Lasso (Поліноми d=2)",[6102,10197,10198],{"align":6089},[5374,10199,10200],{},"0.65",[6102,10202,10203],{"align":6089},[5374,10204,10205],{},"0.64",[6102,10207,10208],{"align":6089},[5374,10209,10210],{},"0.48",[6102,10212,10213],{"align":6089},"❌ Низька (складна алгебра)",[6077,10215,10216,10221,10228,10233,10238],{},[6102,10217,10218],{"align":6082},[5198,10219,10220],{},"DecisionTree (d=None, без обмежень)",[6102,10222,10223],{"align":6089},[5198,10224,10225],{},[5374,10226,10227],{},"1.00",[6102,10229,10230],{"align":6089},[5374,10231,10232],{},"0.62",[6102,10234,10235],{"align":6089},[5374,10236,10237],{},"0.49",[6102,10239,10240],{"align":6089},"❌ Перенавчене (завчений шум)",[6077,10242,10243,10248,10252,10257,10262],{},[6102,10244,10245],{"align":6082},[5198,10246,10247],{},"DecisionTree (d=5, базове зрозуміле)",[6102,10249,10250],{"align":6089},[5374,10251,10205],{},[6102,10253,10254],{"align":6089},[5374,10255,10256],{},"0.60",[6102,10258,10259],{"align":6089},[5374,10260,10261],{},"0.52",[6102,10263,10264,10265],{"align":6089},"✅ ",[5198,10266,10267],{},"Ідеальна (32 прозорі правила)",[6077,10269,10270,10275,10282,10289,10296],{},[6102,10271,10272],{"align":6082},[5198,10273,10274],{},"DecisionTree (d=9, оптимізоване)",[6102,10276,10277],{"align":6089},[5198,10278,10279],{},[5374,10280,10281],{},"0.78",[6102,10283,10284],{"align":6089},[5198,10285,10286],{},[5374,10287,10288],{},"0.68",[6102,10290,10291],{"align":6089},[5198,10292,10293],{},[5374,10294,10295],{},"0.44",[6102,10297,10298],{"align":6089},"⚠️ Помірна (512 листків)",[5300,10300],{},[5186,10302,10304],{"id":10303},"дерева-для-класифікації-decisiontreeclassifier-на-датасеті-iris","Дерева для класифікації: DecisionTreeClassifier на датасеті Iris",[5191,10306,10307,10308,6605],{},"Наостанок продемонструємо роботу дерева в задачі багатокласової класифікації на датасеті сортів ірисів Фішера (",[5209,10309,10310],{},"Iris dataset",[5715,10312,10314,10638],{"kernel":5717,"title":10313},"classification_example.ipynb",[5720,10315,10317,10486],{"execution-count":5722,"execution-time":10316},"0.15s",[5367,10318,10320],{"className":5725,"code":10319,"language":5727,"meta":5376,"style":5376},"from sklearn.datasets import load_iris\nfrom sklearn.tree import DecisionTreeClassifier\nfrom sklearn.metrics import accuracy_score, classification_report\n\niris = load_iris(as_frame=True)\nX_i, y_i = iris.data, iris.target\n\nX_train_i, X_test_i, y_train_i, y_test_i = train_test_split(\n    X_i, y_i, test_size=0.3, random_state=42\n)\n\nclf = DecisionTreeClassifier(max_depth=3, random_state=42)\nclf.fit(X_train_i, y_train_i)\n\ny_pred_i = clf.predict(X_test_i)\nprint(f\"Точність Accuracy на тесті: {accuracy_score(y_test_i, y_pred_i):.4f}\\n\")\nprint(classification_report(y_test_i, y_pred_i, target_names=iris.target_names))\n",[5374,10321,10322,10333,10344,10355,10359,10372,10377,10381,10386,10406,10410,10414,10435,10440,10444,10449,10473],{"__ignoreMap":5376},[5491,10323,10324,10326,10328,10330],{"class":5493,"line":5494},[5491,10325,8625],{"class":5734},[5491,10327,8628],{"class":5738},[5491,10329,5735],{"class":5734},[5491,10331,10332],{"class":5738}," load_iris\n",[5491,10334,10335,10337,10339,10341],{"class":5493,"line":5500},[5491,10336,8625],{"class":5734},[5491,10338,8652],{"class":5738},[5491,10340,5735],{"class":5734},[5491,10342,10343],{"class":5738}," DecisionTreeClassifier\n",[5491,10345,10346,10348,10350,10352],{"class":5493,"line":5506},[5491,10347,8625],{"class":5734},[5491,10349,8664],{"class":5738},[5491,10351,5735],{"class":5734},[5491,10353,10354],{"class":5738}," accuracy_score, classification_report\n",[5491,10356,10357],{"class":5493,"line":5512},[5491,10358,5528],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5527},[5491,10360,10361,10364,10366,10368,10370],{"class":5493,"line":5518},[5491,10362,10363],{"class":5738},"iris = load_iris(",[5491,10365,8686],{"class":5765},[5491,10367,7722],{"class":5738},[5491,10369,8052],{"class":5754},[5491,10371,5963],{"class":5738},[5491,10373,10374],{"class":5493,"line":5524},[5491,10375,10376],{"class":5738},"X_i, y_i = iris.data, iris.target\n",[5491,10378,10379],{"class":5493,"line":5531},[5491,10380,5528],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5527},[5491,10382,10383],{"class":5493,"line":5537},[5491,10384,10385],{"class":5738},"X_train_i, X_test_i, y_train_i, y_test_i = train_test_split(\n",[5491,10387,10388,10391,10393,10395,10398,10400,10402,10404],{"class":5493,"line":5543},[5491,10389,10390],{"class":5738},"    X_i, y_i, ",[5491,10392,8719],{"class":5765},[5491,10394,7722],{"class":5738},[5491,10396,10397],{"class":5797},"0.3",[5491,10399,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,10401,8729],{"class":5765},[5491,10403,7722],{"class":5738},[5491,10405,8734],{"class":5797},[5491,10407,10408],{"class":5493,"line":5548},[5491,10409,5963],{"class":5738},[5491,10411,10412],{"class":5493,"line":5554},[5491,10413,5528],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5527},[5491,10415,10416,10419,10421,10423,10425,10427,10429,10431,10433],{"class":5493,"line":5560},[5491,10417,10418],{"class":5738},"clf = DecisionTreeClassifier(",[5491,10420,7871],{"class":5765},[5491,10422,7722],{"class":5738},[5491,10424,6875],{"class":5797},[5491,10426,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,10428,8729],{"class":5765},[5491,10430,7722],{"class":5738},[5491,10432,8767],{"class":5797},[5491,10434,5963],{"class":5738},[5491,10436,10437],{"class":5493,"line":5566},[5491,10438,10439],{"class":5738},"clf.fit(X_train_i, y_train_i)\n",[5491,10441,10442],{"class":5493,"line":5571},[5491,10443,5528],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5527},[5491,10445,10446],{"class":5493,"line":5577},[5491,10447,10448],{"class":5738},"y_pred_i = clf.predict(X_test_i)\n",[5491,10450,10451,10453,10455,10457,10460,10462,10465,10467,10469,10471],{"class":5493,"line":5583},[5491,10452,5948],{"class":5758},[5491,10454,5762],{"class":5738},[5491,10456,6028],{"class":5754},[5491,10458,10459],{"class":5774},"\"Точність Accuracy на тесті: ",[5491,10461,6033],{"class":5754},[5491,10463,10464],{"class":5738},"accuracy_score(y_test_i, y_pred_i)",[5491,10466,6050],{"class":5754},[5491,10468,5957],{"class":5956},[5491,10470,5960],{"class":5774},[5491,10472,5963],{"class":5738},[5491,10474,10475,10477,10480,10483],{"class":5493,"line":5588},[5491,10476,5948],{"class":5758},[5491,10478,10479],{"class":5738},"(classification_report(y_test_i, y_pred_i, ",[5491,10481,10482],{"class":5765},"target_names",[5491,10484,10485],{"class":5738},"=iris.target_names))\n",[6068,10487,10488],{"v-slot:output":5376},[6071,10489,10490,10509],{},[6074,10491,10492],{},[6077,10493,10494,10497,10500,10503,10506],{},[6080,10495,10496],{"align":6082},"Сорт Iris (клас квітки)",[6080,10498,10499],{"align":6089},"Точність (Precision)",[6080,10501,10502],{"align":6089},"Повнота (Recall)",[6080,10504,10505],{"align":6089},"F1-Score",[6080,10507,10508],{"align":6089},"Кількість зразків (Support)",[6097,10510,10511,10533,10555,10576,10596,10617],{},[6077,10512,10513,10518,10522,10526,10530],{},[6102,10514,10515],{"align":6082},[5198,10516,10517],{},"Iris-setosa (Сетоза)",[6102,10519,10520],{"align":6089},[5374,10521,6123],{},[6102,10523,10524],{"align":6089},[5374,10525,6123],{},[6102,10527,10528],{"align":6089},[5374,10529,6123],{},[6102,10531,10532],{"align":6089},"19",[6077,10534,10535,10540,10544,10548,10552],{},[6102,10536,10537],{"align":6082},[5198,10538,10539],{},"Iris-versicolor (Версиколор)",[6102,10541,10542],{"align":6089},[5374,10543,6123],{},[6102,10545,10546],{"align":6089},[5374,10547,6123],{},[6102,10549,10550],{"align":6089},[5374,10551,6123],{},[6102,10553,10554],{"align":6089},"13",[6077,10556,10557,10562,10566,10570,10574],{},[6102,10558,10559],{"align":6082},[5198,10560,10561],{},"Iris-virginica (Вірджиніка)",[6102,10563,10564],{"align":6089},[5374,10565,6123],{},[6102,10567,10568],{"align":6089},[5374,10569,6123],{},[6102,10571,10572],{"align":6089},[5374,10573,6123],{},[6102,10575,10554],{"align":6089},[6077,10577,10578,10583,10585,10587,10593],{},[6102,10579,10580],{"align":6082},[5198,10581,10582],{},"Загальна точність (Accuracy)",[6102,10584,7060],{"align":6089},[6102,10586,7060],{"align":6089},[6102,10588,10589],{"align":6089},[5198,10590,10591],{},[5374,10592,6123],{},[6102,10594,10595],{"align":6089},"45",[6077,10597,10598,10603,10607,10611,10615],{},[6102,10599,10600],{"align":6082},[5198,10601,10602],{},"Macro Average",[6102,10604,10605],{"align":6089},[5374,10606,6123],{},[6102,10608,10609],{"align":6089},[5374,10610,6123],{},[6102,10612,10613],{"align":6089},[5374,10614,6123],{},[6102,10616,10595],{"align":6089},[6077,10618,10619,10624,10628,10632,10636],{},[6102,10620,10621],{"align":6082},[5198,10622,10623],{},"Weighted Average",[6102,10625,10626],{"align":6089},[5374,10627,6123],{},[6102,10629,10630],{"align":6089},[5374,10631,6123],{},[6102,10633,10634],{"align":6089},[5374,10635,6123],{},[6102,10637,10595],{"align":6089},[5720,10639,10641,10817],{"execution-count":6554,"execution-time":10640},"0.25s",[5367,10642,10644],{"className":5725,"code":10643,"language":5727,"meta":5376,"style":5376},"feature_names_iris_ua = [\n    'Довжина чашолистка (см)', 'Ширина чашолистка (см)',\n    'Довжина пелюстки (см)', 'Ширина пелюстки (см)'\n]\nclass_names_iris_ua = ['Сетоза (Setosa)', 'Версиколор (Versicolor)', 'Вірджиніка (Virginica)']\n\nplt.figure(figsize=(20, 10))\nplot_tree(\n    clf,\n    feature_names=feature_names_iris_ua,\n    class_names=class_names_iris_ua,\n    filled=True,\n    rounded=True,\n    fontsize=11,\n    precision=2\n)\nplt.title('Дерево рішень для класифікації (Датасет Iris, max_depth=3)', fontsize=18, fontweight='bold')\nplt.tight_layout()\nplt.show()\n",[5374,10645,10646,10651,10663,10673,10677,10697,10701,10718,10722,10727,10734,10742,10752,10762,10772,10780,10784,10809,10813],{"__ignoreMap":5376},[5491,10647,10648],{"class":5493,"line":5494},[5491,10649,10650],{"class":5738},"feature_names_iris_ua = [\n",[5491,10652,10653,10656,10658,10661],{"class":5493,"line":5500},[5491,10654,10655],{"class":5774},"    'Довжина чашолистка (см)'",[5491,10657,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,10659,10660],{"class":5774},"'Ширина чашолистка (см)'",[5491,10662,9141],{"class":5738},[5491,10664,10665,10668,10670],{"class":5493,"line":5506},[5491,10666,10667],{"class":5774},"    'Довжина пелюстки (см)'",[5491,10669,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,10671,10672],{"class":5774},"'Ширина пелюстки (см)'\n",[5491,10674,10675],{"class":5493,"line":5512},[5491,10676,5934],{"class":5738},[5491,10678,10679,10682,10685,10687,10690,10692,10695],{"class":5493,"line":5518},[5491,10680,10681],{"class":5738},"class_names_iris_ua = [",[5491,10683,10684],{"class":5774},"'Сетоза (Setosa)'",[5491,10686,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,10688,10689],{"class":5774},"'Версиколор (Versicolor)'",[5491,10691,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,10693,10694],{"class":5774},"'Вірджиніка (Virginica)'",[5491,10696,5934],{"class":5738},[5491,10698,10699],{"class":5493,"line":5524},[5491,10700,5528],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":5527},[5491,10702,10703,10705,10707,10709,10712,10714,10716],{"class":5493,"line":5531},[5491,10704,9204],{"class":5738},[5491,10706,9207],{"class":5765},[5491,10708,9210],{"class":5738},[5491,10710,10711],{"class":5797},"20",[5491,10713,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,10715,5927],{"class":5797},[5491,10717,9221],{"class":5738},[5491,10719,10720],{"class":5493,"line":5537},[5491,10721,9226],{"class":5738},[5491,10723,10724],{"class":5493,"line":5543},[5491,10725,10726],{"class":5738},"    clf,\n",[5491,10728,10729,10731],{"class":5493,"line":5548},[5491,10730,9236],{"class":5765},[5491,10732,10733],{"class":5738},"=feature_names_iris_ua,\n",[5491,10735,10736,10739],{"class":5493,"line":5554},[5491,10737,10738],{"class":5765},"    class_names",[5491,10740,10741],{"class":5738},"=class_names_iris_ua,\n",[5491,10743,10744,10746,10748,10750],{"class":5493,"line":5560},[5491,10745,9244],{"class":5765},[5491,10747,7722],{"class":5738},[5491,10749,8052],{"class":5754},[5491,10751,9141],{"class":5738},[5491,10753,10754,10756,10758,10760],{"class":5493,"line":5566},[5491,10755,9255],{"class":5765},[5491,10757,7722],{"class":5738},[5491,10759,8052],{"class":5754},[5491,10761,9141],{"class":5738},[5491,10763,10764,10766,10768,10770],{"class":5493,"line":5571},[5491,10765,9266],{"class":5765},[5491,10767,7722],{"class":5738},[5491,10769,9218],{"class":5797},[5491,10771,9141],{"class":5738},[5491,10773,10774,10776,10778],{"class":5493,"line":5577},[5491,10775,9277],{"class":5765},[5491,10777,7722],{"class":5738},[5491,10779,9282],{"class":5797},[5491,10781,10782],{"class":5493,"line":5583},[5491,10783,5963],{"class":5738},[5491,10785,10786,10788,10791,10793,10795,10797,10799,10801,10803,10805,10807],{"class":5493,"line":5588},[5491,10787,9291],{"class":5738},[5491,10789,10790],{"class":5774},"'Дерево рішень для класифікації (Датасет Iris, max_depth=3)'",[5491,10792,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,10794,9299],{"class":5765},[5491,10796,7722],{"class":5738},[5491,10798,9304],{"class":5797},[5491,10800,5408],{"class":5738},[5491,10802,9309],{"class":5765},[5491,10804,7722],{"class":5738},[5491,10806,9314],{"class":5774},[5491,10808,5963],{"class":5738},[5491,10810,10811],{"class":5493,"line":5594},[5491,10812,9321],{"class":5738},[5491,10814,10815],{"class":5493,"line":5600},[5491,10816,9326],{"class":5738},[6068,10818,10819,10826],{"v-slot:output":5376},[5191,10820,10821],{},[6710,10822],{"alt":10823,"className":10824,"src":10825},"Візуалізація дерева класифікації DecisionTreeClassifier на датасеті Iris",[6694],"\u002Fimages\u002Fai-python\u002Fdecision-trees-random-forest\u002Fdecision-trees\u002F03.png",[6071,10827,10828,10841],{},[6074,10829,10830],{},[6077,10831,10832,10835,10838],{},[6080,10833,10834],{"align":6082},"Ознака квітки Iris",[6080,10836,10837],{"align":6082},"Українська назва",[6080,10839,10840],{"align":6082},"Роль у класифікації",[6097,10842,10843,10861,10879,10892],{},[6077,10844,10845,10850,10855],{},[6102,10846,10847],{"align":6082},[5374,10848,10849],{},"petal length (cm)",[6102,10851,10852],{"align":6082},[5198,10853,10854],{},"Довжина пелюстки (см)",[6102,10856,10857,10858,6116],{"align":6082},"🌟 Ключове перше питання для миттєвого відокремлення Setosa (",[5320,10859],{"tex":10860,":inline":5323},"L \\le 2.45",[6077,10862,10863,10868,10873],{},[6102,10864,10865],{"align":6082},[5374,10866,10867],{},"petal width (cm)",[6102,10869,10870],{"align":6082},[5198,10871,10872],{},"Ширина пелюстки (см)",[6102,10874,10875,10876,6116],{"align":6082},"🎯 Вирішальний поріг для розрізнення Versicolor та Virginica (",[5320,10877],{"tex":10878,":inline":5323},"W \\le 1.75",[6077,10880,10881,10886,10889],{},[6102,10882,10883],{"align":6082},[5374,10884,10885],{},"sepal length (cm)",[6102,10887,10888],{"align":6082},"Довжина чашолистка (см)",[6102,10890,10891],{"align":6082},"Додаткова характеристика квітки (не знадобилася дереву глибини 3)",[6077,10893,10894,10899,10902],{},[6102,10895,10896],{"align":6082},[5374,10897,10898],{},"sepal width (cm)",[6102,10900,10901],{"align":6082},"Ширина чашолистка (см)",[6102,10903,10904],{"align":6082},"Додаткова характеристика квітки",[5300,10906],{},[5186,10908,10910],{"id":10909},"плюси-та-мінуси-дерев-рішень","Плюси та мінуси дерев рішень",[5390,10912,10913,10950],{},[5393,10914,10917],{"icon":10915,"title":10916},"i-lucide-check-circle","✅ Сильні сторони",[5203,10918,10919,10929,10938,10944],{},[5206,10920,10921,10924,10925,10928],{},[5198,10922,10923],{},"Повна зрозумілість:"," Логіку можна перетворити на просту блок-схему або список ",[5374,10926,10927],{},"if-else"," правил.",[5206,10930,10931,10934,10935,5244],{},[5198,10932,10933],{},"Жодного масштабування:"," Не потрібен ",[5374,10936,10937],{},"StandardScaler",[5206,10939,10940,10943],{},[5198,10941,10942],{},"Стійкість до викидів:"," Викиди не зсувають порогові значення всередині вузлів так сильно, як коефіцієнти регресії.",[5206,10945,10946,10949],{},[5198,10947,10948],{},"Швидкий прогноз (інференс):"," Щоб отримати відповідь, потрібно лише кілька простих порівнянь «більше\u002Fменше».",[5393,10951,10954],{"icon":10952,"title":10953},"i-lucide-x-circle","❌ Слабкі сторони",[5203,10955,10956,10962,10968],{},[5206,10957,10958,10961],{},[5198,10959,10960],{},"Нестабільність (висока дисперсія):"," Навіть невелика зміна у вибірці може кардинально змінити вигляд і структуру всього дерева.",[5206,10963,10964,10967],{},[5198,10965,10966],{},"Схильність до перенавчання:"," Якщо не обмежувати глибину, дерево просто зазубрить тренувальні дані разом із шумом.",[5206,10969,10970,10973],{},[5198,10971,10972],{},"Сходинкова форма і нездатність до екстраполяції:"," Модель не вміє будувати плавні лінії та виходити за межі відомого числового діапазону.",[5300,10975],{},[5186,10977,10979],{"id":10978},"резюме","Резюме",[5390,10981,10982,10986,10996,11004],{},[5393,10983,10985],{"icon":4590,"title":10984},"🌳 Дерево рішень","Ієрархічна модель на основі простих умов (if-else). Складається з кореня, вузлів розгалуження та листків із відповідями.",[5393,10987,10990,10992,10993,10995],{"icon":10988,"title":10989},"i-lucide-shuffle","🎲 Критерії класифікації",[5198,10991,5661],{}," вимірює рівень безладу й хаосу в бітах. ",[5198,10994,6604],{}," обчислюється значно швидше й використовується за замовчуванням у scikit-learn.",[5393,10997,11000,11001,11003],{"icon":10998,"title":10999},"i-lucide-trending-down","📉 Критерій регресії","Зменшення середньоквадратичної помилки (MSE). Прогнозом листка є ",[5198,11002,7188],{}," всіх тренувальних прикладів у ньому.",[5393,11005,11008,11009,5408,11011,11013,11014,11016],{"icon":11006,"title":11007},"i-lucide-sliders-horizontal","⚙️ Регуляризація","Обмеження складності через ",[5374,11010,7871],{},[5374,11012,9879],{}," та ",[5374,11015,9887],{}," захищає дерево від перенавчання.",[5300,11018],{},[5186,11020,11022],{"id":11021},"практичні-завдання","Практичні завдання",[11024,11025,11026,11066],"accordion",{},[11027,11028,11031,11037],"accordion-item",{"icon":11029,"label":11030},"i-lucide-clipboard-list","📋 Рівень 1: Читання дерева та перетворення його на правила",[5191,11032,11033,11036],{},[5198,11034,11035],{},"Мета:"," Навчитися читати структуру дерева рішень і перетворювати її на програмні правила.",[5280,11038,11039,11048,11053,11059],{},[5206,11040,11041,11042,11044,11045,5244],{},"Завантажте датасет ",[5374,11043,8588],{}," та навчіть ",[5374,11046,11047],{},"DecisionTreeRegressor(max_depth=3)",[5206,11049,11050,11051,5244],{},"Побудуйте візуалізацію через ",[5374,11052,9075],{},[5206,11054,11055,11056,5298],{},"Випишіть повний логічний шлях від кореня до листка з найвищою середньою ціною (",[5374,11057,11058],{},"value",[5206,11060,11061,11062,11065],{},"Запишіть цей ланцюжок у вигляді звичайного умовного блоку ",[5374,11063,11064],{},"if\u002Felse"," на Python.",[11027,11067,11070,11075],{"icon":11068,"label":11069},"i-lucide-flask-conical","🔬 Рівень 2: Дослідження кривої валідації та регуляризації",[5191,11071,11072,11074],{},[5198,11073,11035],{}," Знайти оптимальний баланс складності дерева для захисту від перенавчання.",[5280,11076,11077,11086,11092,11101],{},[5206,11078,11079,11080,11013,11083,5244],{},"Розбийте вибірку на ",[5374,11081,11082],{},"Train (80%)",[5374,11084,11085],{},"Test (20%)",[5206,11087,11088,11089,11091],{},"Проведіть ітеративне навчання з ",[5374,11090,7871],{}," від 1 до 15.",[5206,11093,11094,11095,11013,11098,5244],{},"Побудуйте спільний графік ",[5374,11096,11097],{},"R² train",[5374,11099,11100],{},"R² test",[5206,11102,11103],{},"Визначте точку, де різниця між train і test починає різко зростати (перенавчання), та поясніть вибір оптимальної глибини.",[5300,11105],{},[5191,11107,11108,6649,11111,11115],{},[5198,11109,11110],{},"Наступна тема:",[11112,11113,3861],"a",{"href":11114},"\u002F16.ai-python\u002F09.decision-trees-random-forest\u002F02.random-forest"," — як об'єднання 100 різних дерев у спільне голосування прибирає нестабільність і суттєво підвищує точність.",[11117,11118,11119],"style",{},"html .light .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-light);background: var(--shiki-light-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-light-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-light-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-light-text-decoration);}html.light .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-light);background: var(--shiki-light-bg);font-style: 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огляд дерев рішень (Decision Trees) для задач регресії та класифікації. 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